2025年中考英语阅读练习专项复习热点时文01（解析版）

这是一份2025年中考英语阅读练习专项复习热点时文01（解析版），共15页。
【阅读理解】：议论文，说明文
A篇：中国科学家成功捕捉到了被誉“幽灵粒子”的中微子，推动物理学的进一步发展，使人类探索宇宙又向前迈进了一步。
B篇：李子柒回归：沉寂三年，归来仍然是顶流。
C篇： 2024年11月4日，中国空间站第7批空间科学实验样品随神舟十八号飞船顺利返回。其中，返回的斑马鱼等实验材料成为“明星”
D篇：现代人更爱通过视频“阅读”经典，视频帮助理解，但也引发对独立阅读能力的担忧
E篇：诺贝尔科学奖已揭晓，表彰他们在人工智能和蛋白质等方面的突出贡献。
【阅读理解】：记叙文——洗涤心灵，传播正能量的故事
F篇：不要在意他人的负面标签，要专注于自身的成长和进步，要善待他人，拥有真正的朋友。
【完形填空】：中国经典历史故事——周处除三害。它讲述的是周处如何从一个被乡民视为祸害的人物转变为英雄的故事。
阅读理解A
On Nv 20 2024, 700 meters deep under the green hills f Kaiping in Jiangmen, Guangdng, the cnstructin f a 35.4-meter wide ball-shaped detectr was cmpleted. This is Jiangmen Undergrund Neutrin Observatry (JUNO, 江门中微子实验室). Giant as it is, it’s designed t bserve ne f the tiniest and lightest frms f matter in the universe – the neutrin.
Neutrins are tiny particles (粒子) smaller than atms (原子). The birth f neutrins is ften related t extreme events in the universe, such as the Big Bang. This is because high-energy neutrins mainly cme abut between crashes with csmic rays (宇宙射线) and dust r gas.
They have n electric charge (电荷), s they can pass thrugh matter withut being stpped r slwed dwn. This makes them very hard t detect and study. Every secnd, 10 trillin neutrins pass thrugh yur bdy withut leaving any sign, which is why they are called “ghst particles”.
Scientists have thus built JUNO t catch these “shy” particles. The detectr’s 45,000 “eyes” receive light signals (信号), turn them int electrical signals, amplify (放大) them by a factr f 10 millin and send them t a cmputer. Scientists then use this data t study neutrins.
Althugh neutrins have existed since the early universe, it wasn’t until 1930 that Austrian scientist Wlfgang Pauli suggested their existence t explain missing energy in radiactive decay (放射性衰变). He said that this missing energy was carried away by an undetected particle, which he named the neutrin.
Neutrin research helps us understand hw the universe began and changed ver time, as well as what the natural laws are like, pening the dr fr many pssibilities. With these laws, we can gradually turn scientific discveries int technlgies, which can benefit ur lives. In a few years, neutrins may change the wrld like Newtn’s discvery f universal gravitatin (万有引力) did.
1. What d we knw abut JUNO?
A. It is abut 700 square meters. B. It will sn be put int use.
C. It is cube-shaped. D. It lies deep undergrund.
2. Why are neutrins called “ghst particles”?
A. They can nly be seen in the dark.
B. They can pass thrugh matter unnticed.
C. They are assciated with extreme events.
D. They are frm crashes with csmic rays and dust.
3. What is paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A. The discvery f neutrins. B. The functins f neutrins.
C. The research f the early universe. D. The imprtance f neutrin research.
4. What d scientists suggest abut the future f neutrin research?
A. It will face unexpected difficulties.
B. It will help us find new surces f energy.
C. It culd lead t grundbreaking technlgies.
D. It may prve sme existing theries wrng.
5.What is the main idea f the passage?
A. The difficulty in detecting neutrins.
B. The imprtance f neutrin research.
C. The histry f the discvery f neutrins
D. The intrductin f Jiangmen Undergrund Neutrin Observatry.
【答案】DBACD
【解析】2024年11月20日 江门建成 JUNO 研究中微子实验室，文章介绍中微子特性、发现及研究意义。
1.D细节理解题。文章开头提到 “On Nv 20 2024, 700 meters deep under the green hills f Kaiping in Jiangmen, Guangdng, the cnstructin f a 35.4 - meter wide ball - shaped detectr was cmpleted. This is Jiangmen Undergrund Neutrin Observatry (JUNO)”，明确指出 JUNO 位于地下 700 米深处，所以选项 D 正确。选项 A 文中未提及 JUNO 的面积是 700 平方米；选项 B 文中未提及即将投入使用；选项 C 中说它是立方体形状，而原文提到是球型（ball - shaped）。
2.B细节理解题。根据第三段 “They have n electric charge (电荷), s they can pass thrugh matter withut being stpped r slwed dwn. Every secnd, 10 trillin neutrins pass thrugh yur bdy withut leaving any sign, which is why they are called ‘ghst particles’”，因为中微子能穿过物质而不被察觉，所以被称为 “幽灵粒子”，选项 B 正确。
3. A主旨大意题。第五段主要讲述了 1930 年奥地利科学家 Wlfgang Pauli 提出中微子的存在来解释放射性衰变中缺失的能量，这是在讲述中微子的发现过程，所以选项 A 正确。
4. C推理题。根据最后一段 “Neutrin research helps us understand hw the universe began and changed ver time, as well as what the natural laws are like, pening the dr fr many pssibilities. In a few years, neutrins may change the wrld like Newtn’s discvery f universal gravitatin (万有引力) did”，科学家暗示中微子研究可能会带来开创性的技术，就像牛顿发现万有引力改变世界一样，选项 C 正确。
5.主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了江门中微子实验室（JUNO），然后讲述了中微子的特性、中微子的发现以及中微子研究的意义等内容，整体是围绕江门中微子实验室展开的，所以选项 D 正确。
阅读理解B
Li Ziqi is back! After a break f mre than three years, ne f China’s mst ppular influencers (网红) finally returned n Nv 12 2024.
Li came back with tw new vides. One tells hw she changed a shed (棚子) int a clakrm (衣帽间), and the ther shws hw she used the intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) f Chinese lacquerware techniques (漆器工艺) t make wardrbe (衣橱) drs. These vides quickly went viral n scial media. By Nv 22, her lacquerware vide had 140 millin views n Sina Weib.
Fans frm arund the wrld shwed their excitement fr her return. “I’ve missed yu and yur grandma. S glad yu came back, s happy,” wrte ne fan n YuTube.
“I went t mre than 20 prvinces and visited ver 100 intangible cultural heritage inheritrs (继承人),” Li tld Xinhua abut the past three years. She talked with them, studied their skills and learned the stries behind their wrk. Nw, she wants t share their stries with the wrld thrugh her vides.
Althugh many vlggers have tried t cpy Li’s style during her absence (缺席), nne have reached her level f ppularity. Why d peple still like her s much even thugh she was away fr ver three years?
One key reasn is that her vide quality is very high. Her vide nt nly shws the prductin prcess f traditinal Chinese cuisine and handicrafts, but als shws the wisdm f nature and histry. She will spend several mnths making a vide. Her pursuit f perfectin is difficult fr many vide blggers t cpy.
The ther reasn is that many f them want t live a simple and slw life. Li’s vides are healing in tday’s nisy and fast-paced wrld. This desire is timeless, just like peple’s lve fr Henry David Threau’s bk Walden (《瓦尔登湖》), which als talks abut living simply in nature.
1. Hw did Li Ziqi return after a break f ver three years?
A. By psting tw new vides nline.
B. By wrking tgether with ther influencers.
C. By shwing her wardrbe with different clthing.
D. By teaching peple hw t make a clakrm.
2. What did Li d during the last three years?
A. She made vides abut different inheritrs.
B. She learned Chinese traditinal skills.
C. She shared her wn stries with many peple.
D. She visited mre than 20 cuntries.
3. What makes Li Ziqi’s vides stand ut frm thse f ther vlggers?
A. The editing style f her vides.
B. The speed at which she prduces vides.
C. The quality and depth f her cntent.
D. Her flawless presentatin f nature.
4. Why d s many peple like Li Ziqi accrding t the text?
A. Because she teaches them many useful skills.
B. Because she makes them think f Walden.
C. Because she is beautiful and hard-wrking.
D. Because they like her slw and simple life and perfect vides .
5. Accrding t text, what d Li Ziqi’s vides mean t her viewers?
A. A lnging fr a simpler life.
B. A lve fr Chinese handicrafts.
C. An escape frm mdern technlgy.
D. A fascinatin with Chinese histry.
【答案】ABCDA
【解析】这篇文章主要讲述了李子柒休息三年多后回归，她带着两个新视频回归并迅速走红，还介绍了她在过去三年中拜访了一百多位非物质文化遗产继承人并学习传统技艺，以及尽管很多博主试图模仿她，但她的视频质量高、内容有深度且能让观众感受到慢生活的节奏，这些都是她仍然受欢迎的原因。
1.A文章提到 “Li came back with tw new vides.”（李子柒带着两个新视频回归），这表明她是通过在网上发布两个新视频回归的，所以选项 A 正确。
2.B根据 “She talked with them, studied their skills and learned the stries behind their wrk.”（她与非物质文化遗产继承人交谈，学习他们的技能并了解他们工作背后的故事）可知，在过去三年里她学习了中国传统技艺，选项 B 正确。
3.C文中提到 “One key reasn is that her vide quality is very high.”（一个关键原因是她的视频质量非常高）以及 “Her vide nt nly shws the prductin prcess f traditinal Chinese cuisine and handicrafts, but als shws the wisdm f nature and histry.”（她的视频不仅展示了中国传统美食和手工艺品的制作过程，还展示了自然和历史的智慧），这表明她视频内容的质量和深度使她的视频从其他视频博主中脱颖而出，选项 C 正确。
4.D文章提到 “One key reasn is that her vide quality is very high.”（一个关键原因是她的视频质量非常高）以及 “The ther reasn why peple lve Li’s vides is that they want t live a simple and slw life.”（人们喜欢李子柒视频的另一个原因是他们想要过简单缓慢的生活），所以选项 D 正确。
5.A根据 “The ther reasn why peple lve Li’s vides is that they want t live a simple and slw life.”（人们喜欢李子柒视频的另一个原因是他们想要过简单缓慢的生活）可知，她的视频对观众来说意味着对简单生活的向往，选项 A 正确。
阅读理解C
Fish babies in space?! In a space study n zebrafish (斑马鱼), Chinese scientists have set a new recrd .They successfully gt fur zebrafish t live and grw in a clsed water wrld.
The zebrafish went t China’s space statin n the Shenzhu XVIII spaceship n April 25 2024. Since then, they have been living in a clsed fish tank with sme plants. The fish grew up and had babies in 43 days.
In their special clsed envirnment, the plants made air fr the fish and the fish’s waste gave the plants fd. The scientists gave the fish fd thrugh a special needle.
Such a clsed-lp ecsystem (封闭生态系统) is imprtant fr future studies in space. It means that plants and animals can live in space mre simply and easily.
The scientists als fund that the zebrafish acted differently than n Earth. Fr example, they ften swam n their back. The lw gravity in space is a big reasn. On Earth, gravity pulls everything t Earth’s center, and animals can find their way easily. Gravity als makes their bdies wrk harder and becme strnger, said The Cnversatin.
Humans and zebrafish share 70 percent f the same genes. S the new finding will help scientists better understand human health.
1. What d we knw abut the space study?
A. Scientists frm different cuntries did it tgether.
B. The zebrafish gave birth t fur babies at last.
C. It tk place in a clsed envirnment.
D. It lasted fr less than ne mnth.
2. Which picture shuld be in the circle t shw the ecsystem in the fish tank?

A B C D
3. What was the result f the lw gravity in space?
A. Human bdies gt strnger. B. Animals culd easily find way.
C. The zebrafish swam upside dwn. D. The zebrafish swam in the same directin.
4. What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A. The plan fr studying human genes. B. The findings f the space study.
C. Further studies n zebrafish. D. The imprtance f the study.
【答案】CBCD
【解析】文章主旨大意是关于中国科学家对斑马鱼在太空的研究。由于人类和斑马鱼基因有 70% 相同，这项研究有助于理解人类健康和未来太空探索具有重要意义。
1.C. 细节理解题。根据文章中的描述，斑马鱼在一个封闭的水世界中生活和成长，这表明实验是在封闭环境中进行的。
2.B细节理解题。根据the plants made air fr the fish and the fish’s waste gave the plants fd. scientists gave the fish fd thrugh a special needle. 植物为鱼提供空气，鱼的排泄物为植物提供食物。科学家们通过一根特殊的针给鱼喂食。故答案选B
3.C.细节理解题。文章中提到，由于太空中的低重力，斑马鱼的行为与在地球上不同，它们经常背部朝上游泳，因此选项C是正确的。
4.D.主旨大意题。最后一段主要讨论了这项研究的重要性，特别是关于人类健康的部分，因为人类和斑马鱼共享70%的相同基因，所以这项研究的新发现将帮助科学家更好地理解人类健康。
阅读理解D
Classics are the treasure f the literary (文学) wrld. Fr years, peple have read them t learn mre. But nw, mre peple lve “watching” these classics in vides.
Accrding t a 2023 reprt released by the Chinese shrt-vide platfrm Duyin, the views fr bk-related vides jumped by 65.17 percent year-n-year.
“There are sme classics that I am nt interested in but required t read,” said 14-year-ld He Liyan frm Jiangsu. “S I usually watch a vide abut the bk t find sme interesting stries which can keep me reading.”
Sme peple als find classic bks really lng and hard t understand, s they g t vlggers’ explanatins .
“The vlggers als add persnal pinins t their explanatins, making the bk easier t understand,” added He.
A Dream f Red Mansins (《红楼梦》) is famus fr shwing Chinese sciety with interesting characters and a petic writing style. It talks abut family, sciety and human nature. These things can be fun t watch but bring and difficult t read.
“There are s many characters in the nvel, which cnfused me a lt,” said 12-year-ld Sha Xinyan frm Hubei. “The mind maps shwn in the vides make their relatinships clearer.”
While reading with vides helps many peple, sme express different pinins and wrries.
Fr Zhang Bren, a 13-year-ld frm Beijing, reading is a jurney abut frming a persnal relatinship with the text, nt just learning infrmatin. “Bks can let me imagine. Althugh vides can help a lt, they can’t shw every part f a well-made stry,” he said.
Eighteen-year-ld Wang Hngjie frm Sichuan agreed, saying, “It may decrease readers’ ability t read independently and think deeply.”
1. Accrding t Duyin, the views fr bk-related vides _____.
A. increased greatly B. decreased rapidly
C. remained the same D. went up and dwn
2. Hw d bk-related vides help He Liyan?
A. By explaining classics with pictures.
B. By summarizing bks in a few wrds.
C. By shwing mind maps f sme classics.
D. By increasing his interest in the bks.
3. What did Sha Xinyan learn abut A Dream f Red Mansins thrugh vides?
A. She learned abut sme experts’ pinins.
B. She better understd the character relatinships.
C. She understd the bk’s petic writing style.
D. She gt t knw abut the bk’s writing backgrund.
4. What is the main wrry abut bk-related vides?
A. They waste readers’ time by just summarizing the bks.
B. They stp readers frm understanding the bks by themselves.
C. They give t much unnecessary infrmatin t viewers.
D. The vlggers’ incrrect pinins culd mislead viewers.
【答案】ADBB
【解析】抖音报告显示书籍相关视频浏览量增加，虽视频助读但也有担忧，如影响独立阅读与思考能力。
1.根据 “Accrding t a 2023 reprt released by the Chinese shrt - vide platfrm Duyin, the views fr bk - related vides jumped by 65.17 percent year - n - year.”（根据中国短视频平台抖音 2023 年发布的一份报告，与书籍相关的视频的浏览量同比增长了 65.17%。）可知浏览量大幅增长。答案是 A。
2.根据 “‘There are sme classics that I am nt interested in but required t read,’ said 14 - year - ld He Liyan frm Jiangsu. ‘S I usually watch a vide abut the bk t find sme interesting stries which can keep me reading.’”（来自江苏的 14 岁的何立言（音译）说：“有些经典著作我不感兴趣但又必须读，所以我通常看关于这本书的视频来找到一些有趣的故事，这能让我继续读下去。”）可知视频是通过增加他对书的兴趣来帮助他的。答案是 D。
3.根据 “‘There are s many characters in the nvel, which cnfused me a lt,’ said 12 - year - ld Sha Xinyan frm Hubei. ‘The mind maps shwn in the vides make their relatinships clearer.’”（来自湖北的 12 岁的邵欣妍（音译）说：“小说里有太多人物了，这让我很困惑。视频里展示的思维导图让他们的关系更清晰了。”）可知她通过视频更好地理解了人物关系。答案是 B。
4.根据 “Eighteen - year - ld Wang Hngjie frm Sichuan agreed, saying, ‘It may decrease readers’ ability t read independently and think deeply.’”（来自四川的 18 岁的王宏杰（音译）表示同意，他说：“这可能会降低读者独立阅读和深入思考的能力。”）可知主要的担忧是它们会阻碍读者自己理解书籍。答案是 B。
阅读理解E
The winners f the 2024 Nbel Prize in Science have been annunced, which recgnizes scientists wh have made utstanding cntributins t the develpment f fields such as prtein and artificial intelligence. They have made recgnized cntributins in physics, chemistry, and medicine.
1. David Baker received the Nbel Prize in chemistry fr _______.
A. develping the AI mdel AlphaFld2
B. building new kinds f prteins
C. flding prteins int 3D shapes
D. researching new drugs
2. What can the Bltzmann machine d?
A. It helps build netwrks n cmputers.
B. It helps cmputers discver patterns.
C. It can draw different kinds f patterns.
D. It allws cmputers t stre patterns.
3. What did Victr Ambrs and Gary Ruvkun find?
A. Human beings share certain genes.
B. Different types f cells wrk differently.
C. Hw t cntrl genes in cells.
D. Hw micrRNAs influence cell activity.
4. What d the three discveries have in cmmn?
A. They are all related t AI technlgy.
B. They are widely applied in daily life.
C. They are all made by US scientists.
D. They help us understand the wrld better.
【解析】文章介绍了2024年诺贝尔科学奖的获奖者，他们在蛋白质研究和人工智能领域做出了突出贡献。这些发现都有助于我们更好地理解世界。
１．B. 细节理解题。文章中提到，David Baker因为构建新型蛋白质而获得了诺贝尔化学奖。
２.B.细节理解题。文章中提到，Geffrey Hintn发明的Bltzmann机器允许计算机自主学习以发现模式，比如在图片中识别不同的事物。
３.C. 细节理解题。Victr Ambrs和Gary Ruvkun发现了微小的助手micrRNAs如何帮助控制细胞中的基因活性，这表明他们找到了控制细胞中基因的方法。
４.D. 推理判断题。这三个发现都有助于我们更好地理解世界。David Baker的工作帮助我们理解蛋白质的结构，Hintn和Hpfield的工作推动了AI的发展，而Ambrs和Ruvkun的发现帮助我们理解基因如何在细胞中被控制，这些都是增进我们对世界理解的重要科学进展。
阅读理解F
A student stuck a nte n his classmate’s back while they were at recess (课间休息) ne day. The nte said “I’m Stupid”. He asked the rest f his classmates nt t tell the by. The ther students started laughing at the by, but wuldn’t say why.
Sn, it was time fr their afternn math class. Their teacher wrte a difficult prblem n the blackbard. N ne was able t slve it except the by with the nte n his back.
Ignring the laughter, he walked tward the blackbard and slved the prblem. The teacher asked the class t clap (鼓掌) fr him and tk the nte ff his back. She tld him, “It seems that yu didn’t knw abut the nte yur classmate put n yur back, but yu didn’t seem t care anyway.”
Then the teacher lked at the rest f the class and said, “Befre I punish yu all, let me tell yu tw things. First, all f yu will be labeled (贴标签) at ne pint r anther by ther peple wh dn’t want yu t succeed. All yu have t d is ignre these labels. Yu have t take every chance yu have t learn, grw and imprve.”
Then the teacher added, “And it seems that nne f yu are friends with this by, since nne f yu were kind enugh t tell him abut the nte. If that’s true, then yu’d better hpe that yu have sme gd friends yurself. Otherwise, yu might be the ne with a nte stuck n yur back smeday with n ne t tell yu.”
1. Why did the student stick the nte n the by’s back?
A. T make the teacher ntice the by. B. T help him with a math questin.
C. T play a game during the break. D. T make fun f the by.
2. Hw did the ther students react t the nte?
A. They tld the teacher abut it. B. They felt srry fr the by.
C. They laughed at the by but didn’t say why. D. They helped the by remve the nte.
3. What advice did the teacher give if smene is labeled by thers?
A. Listen t what thers say. B. Dn’t care abut the label.
C. Turn t the teacher fr help. D. Punish the ne wh labeled them.
4. What lessn might the teacher try t tell all the students?
A. We shuld learn frm ur friends.
B. We need t make as many friends as pssible.
C. It’s imprtant t cnsider hw thers feel.
D. It’s nt easy t build strng friendships.
【答案】DCBC
【解析】文章讲述了一个学生在课间休息时把写有 “我很愚蠢” 的纸条贴在同学背上，想捉弄他，其他同学嘲笑这个男孩但不告诉他原因。下午的数学课上，背上贴着纸条的男孩解出了黑板上没人能解出的难题，老师让同学们鼓掌并取下纸条。老师借此教育同学们两点：一是被别人贴标签时要忽略标签，抓住机会学习、成长和进步；二是如果都不友善地对待同学，将来自己也可能面临无人相助的境地。
1.细节理解题。根据 “The nte said ‘I’m Stupid’. He asked the rest f his classmates nt t tell the by. The ther students started laughing at the by”（纸条上写着 “我很愚蠢”。他让其他同学不要告诉这个男孩。其他学生开始嘲笑这个男孩），可以看出这个学生把纸条贴在男孩背上是为了取笑他。答案是 D。
2.细节理解题。原文明确提到 “The ther students started laughing at the by, but wuldn’t say why.”（其他学生开始嘲笑这个男孩，但不说为什么）。答案是 C。
3.推理题。由 “First, all f yu will be labeled (贴标签) at ne pint r anther by ther peple wh dn’t want yu t succeed. All yu have t d is ignre these labels.”（首先，你们所有人都会被那些不想让你们成功的人贴上这样或那样的标签。你们所要做的就是忽略这些标签）可知，如果被别人贴标签，老师建议不要在意这个标签。答案是 B。
4.推理判断题。从 “And it seems that nne f yu are friends with this by, since nne f yu were kind enugh t tell him abut the nte. If that’s true, then yu’d better hpe that yu have sme gd friends yurself. Otherwise, yu might be the ne with a nte stuck n yur back smeday with n ne t tell yu.”（看起来你们没有人是这个男孩的朋友，因为你们没有一个人好心到告诉他纸条的事。如果这是真的，那么你们最好希望自己有一些好朋友。否则，有一天你可能会成为那个背上贴着纸条却没人告诉你的人）可以推断出，老师想告诉所有学生考虑他人感受是很重要的。答案是 C。
完形填空
During the Western Jin Dynasty, there was a man named Zhu Chu. He was taller and 1 than any ther man in the village. Hwever, he was implite and rude. Peple 2 him because he ften hit villagers. At the time, there was a man-eating tiger and a deep water mnster (怪物) living nearby. They ften caused 3 fr the village. Peple called them tw, alng with Zhu, the “three evils” (害).
One day, sme villagers asked Zhu t help them kill the tiger and the mnster. Zhu agreed. After three days f fighting, Zhu 4 killed them. But the villagers thught he was dead during the fight. Befre Zhu came back, they celebrated his 5 . After seeing this, Zhu realized hw much he was hated and decided t make a 6 .
He visited a famus man named Lu Yun. Lu tld him, “ 7 ne realizes what is gd in the mrning, he can change his behavir in the evening. Just d what yu think is 8 .”
Frm then n, Zhu Chu 9 hitting ther peple and became a gd persn.
In fact, it’s nt easy fr us t knw ur wn mistakes, even when they are clear t thers. It was gd that Zhu was able t make changes.
We all make mistakes. But it’s never t late t 10 them. All yu need is the curage t accept yur mistakes and make an effrt t crrect them.
1. A. lderB. strngerC. richerD. prettier
2. A. fearedB. supprtedC. lvedD. missed
3. A. jyB. dubtC. peaceD. truble
4. A. easilyB. happilyC. finallyD. exactly
5. A. deathB. successC. wisdmD. return
6. A. speechB. changeC. wishD. huse
7. A. UntilB. UnlessC. IfD. S
8. A. rightB. uselessC. rudeD. true
9. A. cntinuedB. enjyedC. admittedD. stpped
10. A. breakB. keepC. crrectD. believe
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. C
【解析】本文主要通过周处改正错误的故事，告诉我们纠正错误永远不会太迟，对那些有时犯错的人也应该更加宽容。
1. 句意：他比村里任何一个人都高又壮。lder更老的；strnger更强的；richer更富有的；prettier更漂亮的。根据“because he ften hit villagers”可知，他经常打村民，可以推断他又高又壮。故选B。
2. 句意：人们害怕他，因为他经常打村民。feared害怕；supprted支持；lved爱；missed思念。根据“because he ften hit villagers”可知，他经常打村民，可以推断人们害怕他。故选A。
3. 句意：它们经常给村子惹麻烦。jy快乐；dubt怀疑；peace和平；truble难题。根据“At the time, there was a man-eating tiger and a deep water mnster (怪物) living nearby.”可知，当时附近住着一只吃人的老虎和一只深水怪，可以推断它们给村子带来了麻烦。故选D。
4. 句意：经过三天的打斗，周终于杀死了它们。easily容易地；happily高兴地；finally最终；exactly确切地。根据“After three days f fighting”可知，经过三天才把怪物杀死，可以推断很不容易。故选C。
5. 句意：在周回来之前，他们庆祝了他的死亡。death死亡；success成功；wisdm智慧；return返回。根据“But the villagers thught he was dead during the fight.”可知，村民们都以为他在打斗中死了，可以推断是庆祝他的死亡。故选A。
6. 句意：看到这后，周意识到他是多么的令人讨厌，决定做出改变。speech演讲；change改变；wish愿望；huse房屋。根据“After seeing this, Zhu realized hw much he was hated and decided t make a ...”可知，他意识到自己是多么令人讨厌，决定做出改变。故选B。
7. 句意：如果一个人早上意识到什么是好的，那么他晚上就会改变他的行为。Until直到；Unless除非；If如果；S所以。根据前后句的关系可知，这是一种假设。故选C。
8. 句意：做你认为正确的事。right正确的；useless无用的；rude粗鲁的；true真的。根据“Frm then n, Zhu Chu ... hitting ther peple and became a gd persn.”可知，他做了正确的事，故选A。
9. 句意：从那以后，周处不再打人，变成了一个好人。cntinued继续；enjyed享受；admitted承认；stpped停止。根据“became a gd persn”可知，他变成了一个好人，可以推断他停止打人了。故选D。
10. 句意：但纠正这些错误永远不会太迟。break打破；keep保持；crrect纠正；believe相信。根据“All yu need is the curage t accept yur mistakes and make an effrt t crrect them.”可知，纠正错误永远不迟。故选C。
Chemistry
The Chemistry prize went t US scientists David Baker and Jhn Jumper, alng with British cmputer scientist Demis Hassabis. Baker built new kinds f prteins (蛋白质), while Jumper and Hassabis made an AI mdel called AlphaFld2 t wrk ut hard prtein structures (结构). It has been very difficult fr scientists t wrk ut hw prteins fld int 3D shapes that decide their functin (功能). Hwever, AlphaFld2 can perfectly wrk ut the 3D shapes f nearly all knwn prteins. It may als help with new drug (药物) develpment.
Physics
US scientist Jhn Hpfield and British-Canadian Geffrey Hintn wn the 2024 Nbel Prize in physics fr helping lead the way fr the develpment f AI. In 1982, Hpfield made a netwrk (网络) that helps cmputers stre and recall patterns. This is like hw ur brains remember things. A year later, Hintn made the Bltzmann machine. It allws cmputers t learn n their wn t find patterns, like sptting (发现) different things in pictures. Accrding t Ellen Mns, chair f the Nbel Cmmittee fr Physics, their wrk has already been f the greatest benefit since artificial neural netwrks (人工神经网络) are being widely used.
Physilgy r medicine
US scientists Victr Ambrs and Gary Ruvkun discvered hw genes (基因) are cntrlled in cells (细胞). Althugh all cells in ur bdies have the same genes, different types, like muscle (肌肉) and nerve (神经) cells, wrk in different ways. They fund ut that tiny helpers called micrRNAs help cntrl which genes are active in cells. This discvery is imprtant fr understanding hw things develp and functin.