江苏省苏州市2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末考试英语试卷（Word版附解析）（含听力）

这是一份江苏省苏州市2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末考试英语试卷（Word版附解析）（含听力），文件包含江苏省苏州市2024-2025年高三上学期学业质量阳光指标调研卷英语试题Word版含解析docx、江苏省苏州市2024-2025年高三上学期学业质量阳光指标调研卷英语试题Word版无答案docx、江苏省苏州市2024-2025年高三上学期学业质量阳光指标调研卷英语听力mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共39页， 欢迎下载使用。
2025.01
注意: 本卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分。两部分答案都做在答顺卡上。总分为150分。调研时间120分钟。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分 30 分)
做题时，先将管案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5 小题; 每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What has the wman begun ding lately?
A. Ding gardening.B. Learning cking.C. Recycling rainwater.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Did yu knw that reusing rainwater can significantly reduce verall water usage at hme?
W: I've recently started cllecting it fr my kitchen garden. The plants gt a gd drink frm the rain cntainer when there are a few days withut rain.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What des the man say abut virtual classrms?
A. They are cnvenient.B. They are expensive.C. They require travel.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Virtual classrms allw students wrldwide t learn tgether in real time. Isn't that fantastic? In a way yu can travel the wrld while staying at hme.
W: Yeah, let's cmpare the prices with lcal schls, shall we?
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What des the man plan t d tmrrw?
A. Take an athletic test.B. Jin a study grup.C. Watch a sprts race.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Wh wn yesterday's race at the Athletic test? Carmen. I wanted t watch it, but I had a study grup t attend.
W: N ne. The race gt called ff because f the weather. It's due t take place tmrrw.
M: I'll make time t watch it.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Hw many mre trees can the machine plant than a persn?
A. Abut a quarter mre.B. Abut a third mre.C. Abut a half mre.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I read abut machines being used t plant trees cmpared t ne persn, planting each machine can d 33% mre trees.
W: Sunds gd. D they really wrk well thugh? If s, they culd really speed up refrestatin effrts.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers prbably?
A. In the classrm.B. At a hspital.C. On a ski field.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m glad yu came back. I wasn’t sure if yu wuld after yu fell last time. Hitting the Ice can be quite painful.
W: It was, but it nly made me want t get better and the nly way t d that is practice.
第二节 (共 15 小题; 每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟:听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. Challenges with technlgy.
B. Careers in artificial intelligence.
C. Benefits f artificial intelligence
7. What field is the man interested in?
A. Smart hmes.B. Self-driving cars.C. Machine learning.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m thinking abut wrking in artificial intelligence, but it is a bit scary with all the changes.
W: It’s a field that always changes, but yu have t think abut the chances it gives us t fix real prblems.
M: True, it’s been used mre and mre in ur daily lives, like in smart hmes and self driving cars. Indeed, there are lts f chances.
W: Right. Keeping up with new stuff and always learning are imprtant. Have yu thught abut what area yu like best?
M: The idea f machines imprving n their wn is really interesting. There’s smething abut it.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What surprises the man abut the library?
A. The variety f bks.B. The extra services.C. The spacius rms.
9. Why did the man g t the library last week?
A. T imprve his cmputer skills.
B. T brrw a bk n technlgy.
C. T give a lecture n using cmputers.
10. What’s the mst prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Friends.B. Strangers.C. Family members.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ve started ging t the lcal library mre ften, and I’m surprised by hw much it ffers besides bks. What a discvery.
W: Right? They have cmputers, classes, study and meeting rms and rms fr cmmunity events.
M: Last week I went t a class there n using cmputers better and it was very helpful. The peple wh wrk there really help everyne learn.
W: Definitely. The staff are great. They’ll walk yu thrugh using all the technlgy. They als have activities fr kids and lder peple, which is wnderful fr families and keeps lder peple busy.
M: It’s becme an imprtant place in ur twn, plus everything there is free. Shall we g there tgether this weekend?
W: Sure, I’ll pick yu up frm yur hme.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Hw did the speakers g t schl when they were yung?
A. By bike.B. On ft.C. By car.
12. What is David’s attitude tward having Jhnny g t schl n his wn?
A. Much cncerned.B. Ttally disapprving.C. Fairly ptimistic.
13. What d the speakers agree n?
A. That they shuld teach Jhnny t ride.
B. That they shuld get Jhnny a bike first.
C. That they shuld give Jhnny chances t exercise.
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Yu als walked t schl when yu were a kid, right, David?
M:Yes, walking t schl builds character. My parents said my dad used t tell me hw he marched t schl uphill thrugh winter snw and summer heat. It was tugh, but he said it was a gd thing. Why d yu ask?
W: I was thinking abut Jhnny. When shuld we start getting him t walk r bike t schl?
M:Yu knw, I think my parents were kind f right. But back then, sidewalks were wider, there weren't as many cars as there are tday, and peple drve slwer. I agree that facing sme challenges is gd, but times have changed, my dear.
W: Sure, but we shuldn't be t prtective. It's nt even tw miles. A little challenge wn't hurt him. We culd drive him n bad days and let him g n his wn when the weather is fine. He needs exercise and independence, right?
M: Maybe we can ride bikes alng with Jhnny n thse lng summer evenings befre schl starts.
W: Alright, let's see hw it ges.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why did Marisl start psting her fd frest nline at first?
A. T fill up her time.
B. T dcument her daily life.
C. T cnnect with ther gardeners.
15. Why des Marisl recmmend beginners t start with herbs?
A. They need n care at all.
B. They dn’t attract insects.
C. They are easy t grw well.
16. What is difficult fr Marisl t grw?
A. Strawberries.B. Cabbage.C. Nuts.
17. What is Marisl’s main advice fr smene starting a fd frest?
A. Have a variety f plants.B. Grw useful plants nly.C. Plan it thughtfully.
【答案】14 B 15. C 16. B 17. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Marisl, thanks t the clrful phts and vides f yur fantastic fd frest yu psted n scial media, thusands f peple have started t explre the Jy f grwing plants. Hw and why did yu start?
W:It started as a persnal diary fr recrding what I had dne. Friends encuraged me t pst mre ften and then mre peple fund me and it went viral.
M: I see yu have a variety f plants. What wuld yu recmmend fr a beginner?
W: Herbs wuld be a gd chice. They're very useful, grw fast and are hard t kill. They als attract gd insects and can help imprve the sil.
M: Gd, what new plants are yu thinking abut fr next seasn?
W: I'll add sme bushes, strawberries and sme nuts. These shrt plants will add shade and in a few years prduce a tasty, nutritius crp. And after a cuple f years f failure, I will try grwing cabbage again.
M: What wuld yu say t smene thinking f creating their wn fd frest?
W: Observe the area, which means understanding yur sil and cnditins. Start small and g slw. Use space bth undergrund fr rts and abve. Fr leaves. Understand each plant's needs and functins.
M: Inspiring. We lk frward t learning mre abut yur grwing jurney.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Hw did the cuple keep in tuch with the speaker abut Benny?
A. They ften made vide calls.
B. They shared Benny's phts frequently.
C. They tk Benny there fr training regularly
19. What des the speaker learn frm his experience?
A. The value f pets in life.
B. The pwer f stry-telling.
C. The imprtance f vlunteering.
20. Wh is the speaker prbably talking t?
A. Peple wh wish t jin the team.
B. Peple wh want t adpt dgs.
C. Peple wh plan t frm a rescue team.
【答案】18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Tday, as I reflect n my first year f vlunteering at the lcal animal shelter, I want t share a stry that tuched my heart. Early in the year, we rescued a shy, hurt dg named benny. Benny was mre than just anther rescued animal. He became a symbl f hpe and the pwer f lve fr us. As we brught him back t health, we all realize there was smething special abut this dg. It's hard t put int wrds that feeling f cnnectin with an animal. All f us put in extra care fr benny.
As he trusted us mre, he became mre playful and smarter and wuld wag his tail. He tk training well t. Eventually when he saw a yung cuple cme t find a dg. Then he wagged his tail like never befre. The cuple lved him at first sight and adpted him n their first visit. Every s ften they wuld cntact and send phts f him. I knw as a vlunteer, I am helping nt just animals but peple. This experience has given me lessns n sympathy and teamwrk.
It gives me great Jy t knw that I really d make a difference. Vlunteering here isn't just abut the animals, it's abut bringing us tgether n tw legs r fur, we're all strnger tgether. I encurage all f yu t cnsider jining the team in sme way.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题; 每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Silk Rads
The Silk Rads were in use fr abut a thusand years, but this exhibitin fcuses n a defining perid in histry. Time witnessed significant cnnectivity f universal religins that linked cmmunities acrss cntinents. The exhibitin ffers a unique chance t see bjects frm the silk Rads, frm Tang Chinese ceramics (陶艺) fr the Middle East prts t Indian garnets (石榴石) fund in England.
Yu’ll meet figures whse stries are assciated with the Silk Rads, including a legendary Chinese princess wh shared silk farming with her new kingdm.
Hew Lcke: what have we here?
In this grundbreaking new shw, Lcke (brn 1959) ffers a fresh perspective n the museum’s histry and cllectin. Using interfering techniques, Lcke restructures histrical bjects, frm the earliest surviving drawings f native Americans by a Eurpean artist t a Guyanese Akawai feather decratin.
Picass: printmaker
The museum hlds the UK’s largest cllectin f Picass’s prints. It includes a series f 100 etchings (蚀刻版画) made in the 1930s that shws the influence f classical art n Picass’s wrk and reflects his chatic persnal life.
Picass’s fcus n lithgraphy (平板印刷术) is explred, as is his mve t the Suth f France, marking a change f lifestyle evident in his wrk, Themes include the circus and lve, and Picass’s interactins n paper with artists frm the past, The exhibitin ends with a selectin frm the 347 Suite, which Picass cmpleted aged 86 in 1968, in a remarkable burst f late creativity.
21. What might visitrs see in “Silk Rads”?
A. Exhibits abut a princess spreading silk t China.
B. All the maps f Eurpean trade rutes in histry.
C. Tang Chinese ceramics traded alng the Silk Rads
D. Religius cmmunities exhibitins n silk rads.
22. What can visitrs learn abut Picass?
A. His early classical and chatic sketches.
B. His printmaking techniques and themes
C. His interactins with mdern artists.
D. All his sculptures and il paintings.
23. What is the purpse f the passage?
A. T analyze British art histry.B. T prmte UK art turism.
C. T discuss artwrks’ impacts.D. T intrduce museum exhibitins.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了丝绸之路、Hew Lcke展览和毕加索版画展览。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The exhibitin ffers a unique chance t see bjects frm the silk Rads, frm Tang Chinese ceramics (陶艺) fr the Middle East prts t Indian garnets (石榴石) fund in England. (这个展览提供了一个独特的机会来观看丝绸之路上的物品，从运往中东港口的唐代中国陶瓷到在英国发现的印度石榴石)”可知，在丝绸之路展览中游客可以看到沿着丝绸之路交易的唐代中国陶瓷。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Picass: printmaker部分“It includes a series f 100 etchings (蚀刻版画) made in the 1930s that shws the influence f classical art n Picass’s wrk and reflects his chatic persnal life.(其中包括1930年代制作的100幅蚀刻版画系列，这些版画展示了古典艺术对毕加索作品的影响，也反映了他混乱的个人生活)”以及“Themes include the circus and lve, and Picass’s interactins n paper with artists frm the past, (主题包括马戏团和爱情，以及毕加索在纸上与过去艺术家的互动)”可知，游客可以了解到毕加索的版画制作技巧和主题。故选B项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The Silk Rads were in use fr abut a thusand years, but this exhibitin fcuses n a defining perid in histry. Time witnessed significant cnnectivity f universal religins that linked cmmunities acrss cntinents. The exhibitin ffers a unique chance t see bjects frm the silk Rads, frm Tang Chinese ceramics (陶艺) fr the Middle East prts t Indian garnets (石榴石) fund in England.( 丝绸之路的使用持续了大约一千年，但这次展览聚焦于历史上的一个关键时期。在这段时间里，不同的大陆上的社区通过全球性宗教的显著联系而相互连接。这次展览提供了一个独特的机会，让人们能够看到来自丝绸之路的文物，从运往中东港口的唐代中国陶瓷，到在英国发现的印度石榴石)”、第二段“Yu’ll meet figures whse stries are assciated with the Silk Rads, including a legendary Chinese princess wh shared silk farming with her new kingdm(你将遇到一些与丝绸之路相关的故事人物，包括一位与中国公主分享养蚕技术的传奇人物，她将自己的养蚕技术传播到了新的王国)”以及“Silk Rads(丝绸之路)”、“Hew Lcke: what have we here? ( 休·洛克：“我们这儿有什么？)”和“Picass: printmaker (毕加索：版画制作人)”可知，文章分别介绍了三个不同的展览，包括展览中的展品、展览的特色等内容，可推知本文的目的是介绍博物馆的展览。故选D项。
B
Cats may seem slid, but they’re actually smewhat liquid. Inspired by phts f cats puring themselves int vases and fitting int narrw penings, bilgist Péter Pngrácz has tested dzens f cats t see when they act mre like liquids r slids.
Cats fluidly (流畅地) mve thrugh tall and narrw places but hesitate when they apprach uncmfrtably shrt hles, Pngrácz reprts in the Oct.18 iScience. The finding suggests that cats are aware f their wn bdy size and may frm mental images f themselves.
Because cats prefer t live alne, they are difficult t test in the lab. S Pngrácz brught the lab t the cats. With help frm clleagues, he built a mvable lab that they set up in 29hmes.
In each hme, the team attached tw cardbard panels t a drframe: ne with five rectangular (矩形的) hles f the same height but decreasing width and anther with five hles f the same width but decreasing height. An wner std n ne side f the panel while the cat and the experimenter std n the ther. Fr each trial, the cat had t squeeze (挤过) frm the experimenter’s side t the wner’s side thrugh the hles while being filmed.
Thirty ut f 38 cats finished the experiment. When faced with hles f varying height, 22 cats hesitated t g thrugh the shrtest. When the hles varied in width, nly eight cats paused befre appraching the narrwest hle. Mst cats squeezed thrugh slim penings withut hesitating.
Hesitatin may be a self-preservatin methd, Pngrácz says. If a cat frces itself thrugh a hle withut being able t see what’s n the ther side, the cat may be expsed t ptential threats. That sme cats paused in the safety f their hmes suggests that they als rely n their bdy size t plan their apprach.
24. What makes it difficult t test the cats in the lab?
A. Their size.B. Their flexibility.C. Their height.D. Their character.
25. What des paragraph 4 mainly talk abut?
A. Results f the experiment.B. Subjects f the experiment.
C. Methds f the experiment.D. Principles f the experiment.
26. Why did sme cats hesitate even befre hles leading t their hmes?
A. They failed t figure ut their bdy size.
B. They wrried abut getting stuck in the hle.
C. They hated being handled by the experimenter.
D. They were afraid f the danger n the ther side.
27. What is the best title f the passage?
A. One scientist puts cats’ liquid nature t test
B. Slid r liquid, that is ut f the questin
C. Cats act mre like liquids when in danger
D. Hesitatin keeps cats safe frm danger
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了生物学家Péter Pngrácz受猫咪钻进花瓶和狭窄开口的照片启发，测试猫咪在何时更像液体或固体，实验发现猫咪会根据自身身体大小和对危险的判断来决定是否通过洞口。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Because cats prefer t live alne, they are difficult t test in the lab. (因为猫喜欢独居，所以它们很难在实验室里进行测试)”可知，是猫的独居性格使得在实验室测试它们变得困难。故选D项。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“In each hme, the team attached tw cardbard panels t a drframe: ne with five rectangular (矩形的) hles f the same height but decreasing width and anther with five hles f the same width but decreasing height. An wner std n ne side f the panel while the cat and the experimenter std n the ther. Fr each trial, the cat had t squeeze (挤过) frm the experimenter’s side t the wner’s side thrugh the hles while being filmed.(在每个家中，研究小组将两块纸板固定在门框上：一块上有五个高度相同但宽度逐渐减小的矩形孔，另一块上有五个宽度相同但高度逐渐减小的孔。房主站在纸板的一侧，而猫和实验者站在另一侧。在每次试验中，猫必须从实验者的那一侧通过这些孔挤到房主的那一侧，整个过程被拍摄下来)”可知，本段主要介绍了在每个家庭中，研究团队在门框上安装两个纸板面板，一个有五个高度相同但宽度递减的矩形孔，另一个有五个宽度相同但高度递减的孔，主人站在面板的一侧，猫和实验者站在另一侧，猫要从实验者一侧通过这些孔挤到主人一侧并被拍摄下来，这都是在介绍实验的方法。故选C项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“If a cat frces itself thrugh a hle withut being able t see what's n the ther side, the cat may be expsed t ptential threats. (如果一只猫在看不到另一边情况的情况下强行穿过一个洞，它可能会面临潜在的威胁)”以及最后一句“That sme cats paused in the safety f their hmes suggests that they als rely n their bdy size t plan their apprach.(一些猫在自家安全的情况下也会犹豫，这表明它们也依靠自己的体型来计划行动方式)”可推知，一些猫即使在通向自家的洞口前也会犹豫，是因为它们担心被困在洞里。故选B项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Cats may seem slid, but they’re actually smewhat liquid. Inspired by phts f cats puring themselves int vases and fitting int narrw penings, bilgist Péter Pngrácz has tested dzens f cats t see when they act mre like liquids r slids.( 猫看起来可能是固体的，但实际上它们在某种程度上更像液体。受到猫钻进花瓶并适应狭窄开口的照片的启发，生物学家Péter Pngrácz测试了几十只猫，以观察它们在何时表现得更像液体或固体)”、第三段“Because cats prefer t live alne, they are difficult t test in the lab. (因为猫喜欢独居，所以它们很难在实验室里进行测试)”、最后一段“If a cat frces itself thrugh a hle withut being able t see what's n the ther side, the cat may be expsed t ptential threats. (如果一只猫在看不到另一边情况的情况下强行穿过一个洞，它可能会面临潜在的威胁)”以及最后一句“That sme cats paused in the safety f their hmes suggests that they als rely n their bdy size t plan their apprach.(一些猫在自家安全的情况下也会犹豫，这表明它们也依靠自己的体型来计划行动方式)”可知，文章开篇指出猫看起来是固体，但实际上有点像液体，生物学家Péter Pngrácz对猫进行了测试，后面详细介绍了实验过程和结果，A项“One scientist puts cats’ liquid nature t test (一位科学家对猫的液体特性进行测试)”表达的含义能概括文章主旨，是最佳标题。故选A项。
C
Have yu ever wndered why creative individuals seem t spt things that ther miss? whether it’s an inventr wh finds an innvative slutin t a familiar prblem r an artist wh reinterprets a landscape in a fresh way, many creative peple have a special ability t find significance even in rdinary things.
Think abut Isaac Newtn’s famus insight int gravity. Accrding t the stry, Newtn saw an apple fall frm a tree ― smething mst peple might view as unimprtant. Yet, in this instance, he saw the apple’s fall as significant, causing him t think abut it mre deeply. Entertaining the ptential imprtance f this seemingly irrelevant ccurrence led t a breakthrugh cnnectin: that the same frce causing the apple t fall als influences celestial bdies like the Mn.
In this example, the creative individual’s brain flags unusual r ‘irrelevant’ infrmatin as significant, stimulating them t explre it further. This explratin allws them t cnsider remte ideas and assciatins that thers verlk, increasing the pssibility f a creative insight. A similar prcess likely unflds in artistic cntexts, such as when a painter, musician r filmmaker sees a seemingly irrelevant detail as meaningful. Fr instance, an artist may find themselves captivated by the shadw cast by an bject, finding it mre interesting than the bject itself. This might inspire a series f wrks explring the hidden beauty f shadws.
The uniqueness f creative individuals lies in their ability t perceive and priritise infrmatin in distinctive ways, welcming the uncnventinal and unexpected, which helps them think utside the bx and cme up with riginal ideas.
28. Why des the authr mentin Newtn’s stry in the secnd paragraph?
A. T entertain the readers.B. T suspend disbelief.
C. T supprt a viewpint.D. T explain a thery.
29. What des the underlined wrd “captivated” in the third paragraph prbably mean?
A. Tricked.B. Misled.C. Attracted.D. Withdrawn.
30. What is key t bsting creativity accrding t the passage?
A. Remving irrelevant infrmatin.B. Perceiving what ther peple ignre.
C. Giving pririty t unimprtant details.D. Sptting the mst bvius infrmatin.
31. What can we infer frm the passage?
A What is uncnventinal and unexpected guarantees riginal ideas
B. Ordinary peple tend t verlk relevant and imprtant infrmatin.
C. What seems irrelevant smetimes is likely t bring abut creative insight
D. Creative individuals are brn with the ability t spt significance in things.
【答案】28. C 29. C 30. B 31. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，阐述了有创造力的人能发现别人忽视的事物，他们的大脑会将不寻常或“不相关”的信息标记为重要，从而刺激他们进一步探索，进而产生创造性的见解。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段提出观点“creative individuals seem t spt things that ther miss(有创造力的人似乎能发现别人错过的东西)”、第二段“Think abut Isaac Newtn’s famus insight int gravity. Accrding t the stry, Newtn saw an apple fall frm a tree ― smething mst peple might view as unimprtant. Yet, in this instance, he saw the apple’s fall as significant, causing him t think abut it mre deeply. Entertaining the ptential imprtance f this seemingly irrelevant ccurrence led t a breakthrugh cnnectin: that the same frce causing the apple t fall als influences celestial bdies like the Mn(想一想艾萨克·牛顿关于引力的著名见解。据这个故事说，牛顿看到一颗苹果从树上落下——这是大多数人可能认为不重要的事情。然而，在这个例子中，他把这个苹果的掉落看作是重要的，促使他更深入地思考。对这一看似不相关的事件的潜在重要性进行思考，导致了突破性的联系：即导致苹果掉落的同样力量也影响着像月球这样的天体)”可知，第一段提出了观点“有创造力的人似乎能发现别人错过的东西”，第二段讲述牛顿看到苹果落地这个大多数人认为不重要的事却深入思考得出重力的理论，是为了支持第一段提出的观点，故选C项。
【29题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段“an artist may find themselvescaptivated by the shadw cast by an bject, finding it mre interesting than the bject itself.(一位艺术家可能会发现自己被一个物体投下的阴影所captivated，发现它比物体本身更有趣)”可知，艺术家可能会发现物体投下的阴影比物体本身更有趣。可推理出这里是说艺术家被阴影所吸引，所以captivated的意思是“吸引”，故选C项。
30题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“creative individuals seem t spt things that ther miss(有创造力的人似乎能发现别人错过的东西)”以及第三段“The uniqueness f creative individuals lies in their ability t perceive and priritise infrmatin in distinctive ways, welcming the uncnventinal and unexpected, which helps them think utside the bx and cme up with riginal ideas(有创造力的人的独特之处在于他们能够以独特的方式感知和优先处理信息，欢迎非传统和意外的事物，这有助于他们跳出框框思考并提出原创想法)”可知，提升创造力的关键是感知别人忽视的东西。故选B项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Think abut Isaac Newtn’s famus insight int gravity. Accrding t the stry, Newtn saw an apple fall frm a tree ― smething mst peple might view as unimprtant. Yet, in this instance, he saw the apple's fall as significant, causing him t think abut it mre deeply. Entertaining the ptential imprtance f this seemingly irrelevant ccurrence led t a breakthrugh cnnectin: that the same frce causing the apple t fall als influences celestial bdies like the Mn(想一想艾萨克·牛顿关于引力的著名见解。据这个故事说，牛顿看到一颗苹果从树上落下——这是大多数人可能认为不重要的事情。然而，在这个例子中，他把这个苹果的掉落看作是重要的，促使他更深入地思考。对这一看似不相关的事件的潜在重要性进行思考，导致了突破性的联系：即导致苹果掉落的同样力量也影响着像月球这样的天体)”可知，牛顿从苹果落地这一看起来不相关的事件中得到重力的突破。再根据第三段“This explratin allws them t cnsider remte ideas and assciatins that thers verlk, increasing the pssibility f a creative insight. A similar prcess likely unflds in artistic cntexts, such as when a painter, musician r filmmaker sees a seemingly irrelevant detail as meaningful (这种探索使他们能够思考别人忽视的遥远想法和联系，增加了获得创造性见解的可能性。在艺术情境中，可能也会展开类似的过程，例如，当画家、音乐家或电影制作人认为一个看似不相关的细节是有意义的时候)”可知，感知别人忽视的东西使他们能够思考别人忽视的遥远想法和联系，增加了获得创造性见解的可能性。可推理出有时看似不相关的事物有可能带来创造性的见解。故选C项。
D
Memes (模因) didn’t start with the internet. Sme linguists argue that humans have used memes t cmmunicate fr centuries. Memes are widely knwn as channels fr cultural cnversatins and as an pprtunity t participate in Internet trends.
The wrd “meme” has been used in the New Yrk Times Crsswrd 60 times since the clumn started in the 1940s. Althugh it’s difficult t identify the first meme ever, the British evlutinary bilgist Richard Dawkins is credited with cining the term in his 1976 bk, “The Selfsh Gene.” In his riginal cnceptin, a “meme” was smewhat similar t a “phneme,” the smallest unit f sund in speech.
“I wuld explain the cncept f a meme ― a self-replicating (复制) piece f infrmatin ― by asking smene abut an inside jke they had with friends r an advertising jingle (短曲) that’s been stuck in their head fr 20 years,” said Kirby Cnrd, a prfessr f linguistics at Swarthmre Cllege. “That piece f infrmatin, the jke r the jingle, self-replicates because we humans like t share and repeat stuff.”
Memes are shareable by nature. In a wrld where yu are cnstantly fed nline news, the meme frmat catches yur eye, and mst f them can be read and understd within secnds. The pwer f a meme lies in its transmissibility (传递性) and unique talent fr being crss-cultural. Creating and sharing memes bsts a sense f cmmunity nline and brings peple tgether thrugh humr.
Meme culture is cnstantly develping, and the future f memes is unpredictable, but sme f the internet’s mst ppular meme creatrs have thughts n where it might be headed. Mr Price, f Memes.cm, fr example, predicted that in five years ― r sner ― every cultural mment and every news stry will have an accmpanying meme, and that meme will be a large part f the mainstream cnversatin abut that event. “Memes n the internet tk what is already naturally ccurring in the way that we cmmunicate and supercharged it by making it glbal and simple,” he said.
What can I say? The girls that get it, get it and the girls that dn’t, dn’t.
32. What can we learn abut “meme” accrding t the first tw paragraphs?
A. It nly sunds like the wrd “gene”.
B. It made its first appearance in the 1940s
C. It is the smallest sund unit in speech.
D. It was a term first intrduced by Mr. Dawkins.
33. What des Prfessr Cnrd think f memes?
A. They allw fr cultural diversity nline.
B. They spread humr and plitical messages.
C. They make advertising shareable and readable.
D. They are frequently shared and repeated by humans.
34. What is Mr. Price’s attitude twards the future f memes?
A. Unclear.B. Optimistic.C. Negative.D. Objective.
35. Hw d yu understand the last paragraph?
A. The target reader f the article are girls
B. It implies a certain famus meme stry.
C. The authr has dubts abut the essay.
D. It has nthing t d with this article.
【答案】32. D 33. D 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了模因的起源，定义以及特点等。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Althugh it’s difficult t identify the first meme ever, the British evlutinary bilgist Richard Dawkins is credited with cining the term in his1976 bk, “The Selfsh Gene.”(尽管很难确定第一个模因，但英国进化生物学家理查德·道金斯 (Richard Dawkins) 在他 1976 年的著作《自私的基因》(The Selfsh Gene) 中创造了这个术语)”可知，“meme”这个术语是Dawkins先生首先提出的，故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““I wuld explain the cncept f a meme ― a self-replicating (复制) piece f infrmatin ― by asking smene abut an inside jke they had with friends r an advertising jingle (短曲) that’s been stuck in their head fr 20 years,” said Kirby Cnrd, a prfessr f linguistics at Swarthmre Cllege. “That piece f infrmatin, the jke r the jingle, self-replicates because we humans like t share and repeat stuff.”(“我会通过询问某人与朋友的内部笑话或在他们脑海中扎根20 年的广告歌曲来解释模因（一种自我复制的信息）的概念。”斯沃斯莫尔学院语言学教授柯比·康罗德说。“这条信息，无论是笑话还是顺口溜，都会自我复制，因为我们人类喜欢分享和重复东西。”)”可知，教授柯比·康罗德认为模因经常被人类共享和重复。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Mr Price, f Memes.cm, fr example, predicted that in five years ― r sner ― every cultural mment and every news stry will have an accmpanying meme, and that meme will be a large part f the mainstream cnversatin abut that event(例如，Memes.cm 的普莱斯先生预测，五年内或更短的时间内，每个文化时刻和每个新闻故事都会有一个伴随的模因，而该模因将成为有关该事件的主流对话的重要组成部分)”可推知，普莱斯先生对模因的未来持乐观态度，故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“What can I say? The girls that get it, get it and the girls that dn’t, dn’t.(我能说什么？懂的女孩就懂，不懂的女孩就不懂)”和第三段中“I wuld explain the cncept f a meme ― a self-replicating (复制) piece f infrmatin ― by asking smene abut an inside jke they had with friends r an advertising jingle (短曲) that’s been stuck in their head fr 20 years(我会通过询问某人与朋友的内部笑话或在他们脑海中萦绕了 20 年的广告歌曲来解释模因（一种自我复制的信息）的概念)”可知，最后一段是一个模因，由此可推知，最后一段暗示着某个著名的模因故事，故选B。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Building habits f grup vulnerability(脫弱)is like building a muscle. It takes time repetitin, and the willingness t feel pain in rder t achieve gains.____36____With that in mind, here are a few wrkut ideas, fr bth individuals and grups.
Make sure the leader is vulnerable first and ften: As we’ve seen, grup cperatin is created by small, frequently repeated mments f vulnerability.____37____
I saw a vivid example when I watched Danny Meyer run ne f his mrning meetings with his staff, Meyer is the funder f Unin Square Cafe, Shake Shack, Gramercy Tavern, and a number f ther restaurants that tgether are wrth mre than a billin dllars.____38____The staff meeting began with the grup watching a vide f Meyer's speech. Then the lights went up and Meyer spke.
“Can yu see my leg shaking?” he asked the grup.”____39____I’ve given a lt f speeches, but the TED peple wanted smething mre, smething deeper and thughtful. S I slept abut three hurs the night befre, which is why I have thse bags under my eyes. We had a terrible rehearsal (排练), and I kept messing up the PwerPint. S it was almst a cmplete terrible shw. Except that I’m lucky enugh t have sme abslutely brilliant help.” He paused and pinted. “Thanks, Chip and Haley. They made the whle thing wrk. They wrte great stuff, gave me great advice, and kept me tgether,” Everyne lked at Chip and Haley and gave a shrt rund f applause while Meyer lked n apprvingly.
Meyer delivered the message was scared with steadiness, cnfidence, and cmfrt that underlined the deeper message: It’s safe t tell the truth here.____40____
A. I was s nervu shaking like a leaf.
B. His vulnerability isn’t weakness; it’s his strength.
C. Danny Meyer is a restaurant funder frm St. Luis, Missuri.
D. The night befre my visit, he had delivered his first-ever TED Talk.
E. And as with building muscle, the first key is t apprach the prcess with a plan.
F. Gentle pressure is my preferred technique fr leadership, guidance, and caching.
G. Of these, nne carries mre pwer than the mment when a leader signals vulnerability.
【答案】36. E 37. G 38. D 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了培养团队示弱习惯的方法，以餐厅创始人丹尼・迈耶为例，说明了领导者率先示弱对团队合作的重要性。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Building habits f grup vulnerability is like building a muscle. It takes time, repetitin, and the willingness t feel pain in rder t achieve gains(培养团队示弱的习惯就像锻炼肌肉。这需要时间、重复练习，以及为了取得进步而愿意承受痛苦的意愿)”以及下文“With that in mind, here are a few wrkut ideas, fr bth individuals and grups.(考虑到这一点，这里有一些针对个人和团队的 “锻炼” 想法)” 可知，此处需要一个过渡句，将培养团队示弱习惯与锻炼肌肉进行类比，并引出下文关于培养习惯的具体方法。E选项“And as with building muscle, the first key is t apprach the prcess with a plan(就像锻炼肌肉一样，第一个关键是要有一个计划来进行这个过程)”符合语境，既提到了与锻炼肌肉的相似之处，又指出了要有计划，与下文的“锻炼”想法相呼应，故选E项。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Make sure the leader is vulnerable first and ften: As we’ve seen, grup cperatin is created by small, frequently repeated mments f vulnerability(确保领导者首先且经常示弱：正如我们所看到的，团队合作是由小的、频繁重复的示弱时刻创造的)”可知，此处强调领导者示弱对团队合作的重要性。G选项“Of these, nne carries mre pwer than the mment when a leader signals vulnerability.(在这些因素中，没有什么比领导者表现出示弱的时刻更有力量了)”进一步强调了领导者示弱的重要性，与上文衔接紧密，故选G项。
【38题详解】
根据上文“I saw a vivid example when I watched Danny Meyer run ne f his mrning meetings with his staff, Meyer is the funder f Unin Square Cafe, Shake Shack, Gramercy Tavern, and a number f ther restaurants that tgether are wrth mre than a billin dllars.(当我看到丹尼・迈耶与他的员工举行一次早会时，我看到了一个生动的例子。迈耶是联合广场咖啡馆、奶昔小站、格拉梅西酒馆以及其他一些餐厅的创始人，这些餐厅加起来价值超过十亿美元)”以及下文“The staff meeting began with the grup watching a vide f Meyer's speech.(员工会议以团队观看迈耶的演讲视频开始)”可知，此处需要一个句子来引出迈耶演讲的相关内容。D选项“The night befre my visit, he had delivered his first-ever TED Talk(在我访问的前一天晚上，他发表了他的第一次TED演讲)”符合语境，介绍了迈耶在会议前一晚进行了TED演讲，与下文观看演讲视频相呼应，故选D项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Can yu see my leg shaking?(你能看到我的腿在颤抖吗？)”可知，迈耶在描述自己的紧张状态。A选项“I was s nervus shaking like a leaf.(我非常紧张，像树叶一样颤抖)”进一步说明了他的紧张程度，与上文的“腿在颤抖”相呼应，故选A项。
【40题详解】
根据上文 “Meyer delivered the message was scared with steadiness, cnfidence, and cmfrt that underlined the deeper message: It’s safe t tell the truth here(迈耶以坚定、自信和舒适的态度传达了他害怕的信息，这强调了一个更深层次的信息：在这里说实话是安全的)”可知，迈耶通过示弱传达了积极的信息。B选项“His vulnerability isn’t weakness; it’s his strength(他的示弱不是弱点，而是他的优势)”对迈耶的示弱进行了总结，说明示弱对他来说是一种优势，符合语境，故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题; 每小题1分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Befre graduatin, I asked my adviser fr feedback n areas where I culd imprve. It felt ____41____ t receive high marks fr leadership, cmmunicatin, and my ability t wrk independently. But when it ____42____ t attentin t detail, she gave me an “OK.” As a scientist, that hurt a bit.
At first, I ____43____ with this. But it’s true that fcusing n the tiny details isn’t smething I ____44____ excel at, r even enjy as much as my ____45____ d. I knew all this at sme level. Still, hearing it frm my adviser pushed me t really____46____ my strengths and interest.
S after I finished my Ph.D., I explred different ____47____. Being hnest with myself abut my strengths and interest ____48____ led me t my jb in health care cmmunicatins. In my current rle, I help cmpanies tell their ____49____. I take cmplex scientific infrmatin and turn it int smething _____50_____ and engaging that nn-scientists can understand.
Lking back, I’m s grateful fr that _____51_____ frm my adviser, painful thugh it was, because it set my career n a new _____52_____. I think a lt f us get caught up in what we think we’re suppsed t be gd at, instead f fcusing n what we’re _____53_____. Fr me, that feedback gave me _____54_____ t step away frm the idea that I had t fit int a certain mld (模式) as a scientist. Instead, I _____55_____ a career that lets me use my strengths and d smething I truly enjy.
41. A. astnishingB. cmfrtingC. cnvincingD. depressing
42. A. turnedB. meantC. cameD. started
43. A. agreedB. stayedC. endedD. struggled
44. A. naturallyB. slightlyC. physicallyD. sincerely
45. A. parentsB. fllwersC. studentsD. classmates
46. A. part frmB. shw ffC. reflect nD. give up
47. A. citiesB. careersC. subjectsD. universities
48. A. regularlyB. straightlyC. ultimatelyD. prbably
49. A. jkesB. secretsC. truthsD. stries
50. A. clearB. annyingC. uncertainD. tugh
51. A. praiseB. prtestC. cmmentD. cmplaint
52. A. hkB. trackC. castD. edge
53. A. drawn tB. trained asC. accused fD. prevented frm
54. A. criticismB. punishmentC. frgivenessD. permissin
55. A. quitB. fundC. createdD. required
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。毕业前，作者向导师询问自己可以在哪方面改进的意见时，导师在领导力、沟通能力和独立工作能力方面给了作者高分，但是当谈到注重细节时，导致给了作者一个“OK”，这让作者开始真正反思自己的优势和兴趣，最终找到了自己喜欢的工作。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在领导力、沟通能力和独立工作能力方面获得了高分，这让我感到很安慰。A. astnishing令人惊讶；B. cmfrting安慰的；C. cnvincing令人信服的；D. depressing令人沮丧的。由下文“t receive high marks fr leadership, cmmunicatin, and my ability t wrk independently”可知，作者获得了高分，所以感到安慰，故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当谈到注重细节时，她给了我一个“OK”。A. turned转动；B. meant意味着；C. came来；D. started开始。此处是固定句型，when it cmes/came t意为“当谈到”，由下文“t attentin t detail”可知，此处表示当谈到细节时，故选C。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我为此苦苦挣扎。A. agreed同意；B. stayed停留；C. ended结束；D. struggled挣扎。由上文“As a scientist, that hurt a bit.”可知，在谈到注重细节方面，导师给作者的评价是“OK”，这让作者有些受伤，由此可知，作者最初为此苦苦挣扎，故选D。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但确实，关注微小细节并不是我天生擅长的事情，甚至不像我的同学那样喜欢。A. naturally自然而然地；天生地；B. slightly稍微地；C. physically身体上地；D. sincerely真诚地。由上文“attentin t detail, she gave me an “OK.” ”和“But it’s true that fcusing n the tiny details isn’t smething”可知，关注微小细节并不是作者天生擅长的事情，故选A。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但确实，关注微小细节并不是我天生擅长的事情，甚至不像我的同学那样喜欢。A. parents父母；B. fllwers跟随者；C. students学生；D. classmates同学。由上文“Befre graduatin, I asked my adviser fr feedback n areas where I culd imprve.”可知，作者是一名学生，由此可推知，此处指作者拿自己和同学作比较，故选D。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，从我的导师那里听到的这句话促使我真正反思自己的优势和兴趣。A. part frm与……分开；B. shw ff炫耀；C. reflect n反思；D. give up放弃。由上文“Still, hearing it frm my adviser pushed me t really”和下文“my strengths and interest.”可知，导师的话让作者开始反思自己的优点和兴趣，故选C。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以当我完成博士学位后，我探索了不同的职业。A. cities城市；B. careers事业；C. subjects科目；D. universities大学。由下文“led me t my jb in health care cmmunicatins”可知，作者在毕业后尝试了不同的职业，故选B。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：对自己诚实地对待自己的优势和兴趣最终使我找到了医疗保健传播领域的工作。A. regularly有规律地；B. straightly直接地；C. ultimately最后地；D. prbably可能地。上文提到作者在毕业后尝试了不同的职业，结合下文“led me t my jb in health care cmmunicatins”可知，在尝试了很多职业后，最终作者选择了自己感兴趣的工作，故选C。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我目前的角色中，我帮助公司讲述它们的故事。A. jkes玩笑；B. secrets秘密；C. truths事实；D. stries故事。由下文“I take cmplex scientific infrmatin and turn it, int smething __10____and engaging that nn-scientists can understand.”可知，目前作者的角色是帮助公司讲述它们的故事，故选D。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我将复杂的科学信息转化为非科学家可以理解的清晰且引人入胜的内容。A. clear清楚的；B. annying令人恼怒的；C. uncertain不确定的；D. tugh艰难的。由下文“engaging that nn-scientists can understand.”可知，为了让非科学家理解，作者将复杂的科学信息转化，以便他们能清楚地理解，故选A。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：回想起来，我非常感谢我的导师的评论，尽管它很痛苦，因为它让我的职业生涯走上了一条新的轨道。A. praise赞美；B. prtest抗议；C. cmment评论；D. cmplaint抱怨。由第一段中“Befre graduatin, I asked my adviser fr feedback n areas where I culd imprve.”和“But when it ___2__t attentin t detail, she gave me an “OK.” As a scientist, that hurt a bit.”导师对作者的评价可知，此处指作者很感谢当初导师对自己的评价，故选C。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：回想起来，我非常感谢我的导师的评论，尽管它很痛苦，因为它让我的职业生涯走上了一条新的轨道。A. hk挂钩；B. track轨道；C. cast海岸；D. edge边缘。由上文“because it set my career n a new”以及上文提到作者找到了自己感兴趣的领域可知，导师对自己的评价让作者的职业生涯走上了新的轨道，故选B。
【53题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我认为我们很多人都陷入了我们认为自己应该擅长的事情，而不是专注于吸引我们的事情。A. (be) drawn t被吸引；B. (be) trained as被训练为；C. (be) accused f被指控；D. (be) prevented frm被阻止。由下文“I____15__ a career that lets me use my strengths and d smething I truly enjy.”可知，作者认为我们很多人没有关注于吸引我们，即我们自己所喜欢的事，故选A。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这种反馈让我摆脱了作为科学家必须适应某种模式的想法。A. criticism批评；B. punishment惩罚；C. frgiveness原谅；D. permissin允许。由下文“t step away frm the idea that I had t fit int a certain mld (模式) as a scientist”可知，导师的评价允许作者摆脱了作为科学家必须适应某种模式的想法，故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，我找到了一份可以让我发挥自己的优势并做我真正喜欢的事情的职业。A. quit停止；B. fund发现；找到；C. created创造；D. required要求。由下文“ a career that lets me use my strengths and d smething I truly enjy.”可知，作者找到了自己真正喜欢做的职业，故选B。
第二节 (共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tday, 492 caves in Mga Grttes have been placed ____56____ prtectin and are cnsidered a cultural treasure fr the wrld. While Buddhism (佛教) is the main fcus f the caves’ artwrk, it als shws the cultures, daily life and stries f peple living in the area when the caves____57____ (cnstruct).
Wrks f art cmbining Chinese, Indian, and even Eurpean styles have been fund there, alng with scriptures (经文) frm ____58____ (variety) religins, fficial dcuments and ppular literature. All f these elements make the Grttes a rich resurce nt just fr researchers,____59____ fr anyne interested in histry.
The artistic value f the Mga Grttes ____60____ (cnsist) f three elements: the architecture f the caves themselves, the sculptures and the paintings. The caves cme in several designs. Mst are rectangular with a small entry n the east side. The tw ____61____ (cmmn) types amng all the caves are thse with a niche(壁龛) ____62____ (cntain) sculptures n the west wall, and caves with a central clumn cvered in sculptures. Nearly always, the walls and ceilings are cvered in paintings f imprtant figures in Buddhism, financial ____63____ (cntribute), Buddhist stries and scriptures, as well as ____64____ (decrate) art, Thrugh the artwrk, the develpment f Chinese painting between the 4th and 14th centuries can be clearly bserved, ______65______ shws hw valuable the Mga Grttes are fr anyne wh wants t study the histry f Chinese art.
【答案】56. under
57. were cnstructed
58. Varius
59. but 60. cnsists
61. mst cmmn
62. cntaining
63. cntributrs
64. decrative##decratin
65. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了莫高窟的相关情况，包括它的保护现状、艺术作品所展现的内容、艺术价值的构成元素以及其对研究中国艺术史的重要意义。
【56题详解】
考查介词。句意：如今，莫高窟的492个洞窟已被置于保护之下，被视为世界文化瑰宝。“under prtectin”是固定短语，意为“在保护之下”，故填under。
【57题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：虽然佛教是洞窟艺术作品的主要焦点，但它也展示了洞窟建造时该地区人们的文化、日常生活和故事。谓语动词cnstruct与主语the caves之间是被动关系，要用被动语态；因句子表达的是过去发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时，主语为复数名词，be动词用were。故填were cnstructed。
【58题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在那里发现了融合了中国、印度甚至欧洲风格的艺术作品，以及来自各种宗教的经文、官方文件和通俗文学。修饰名词religins要用形容词作定语，“variety”的形容词形式是“varius”，意为“各种各样的”，故填varius。
【59题详解】
考查连词。句意：所有这些元素使石窟不仅成为研究人员的丰富资源，而且对任何对历史感兴趣的人来说也是如此。“nt (als)…”是固定短语，意为“不仅…… 而且……”，故填but。
【60题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：莫高窟的艺术价值由三个元素组成：洞窟本身的建筑、雕塑和绘画。句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；句子主语“The artistic value”是单数，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填cnsists。
【61题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：在所有洞窟中，最常见两种类型是西墙上有一个壁龛用来放置雕塑的洞窟，以及中间有一根柱子且上面覆盖着雕塑的洞窟。根据“amng all the caves”可知，这里是在所有洞窟中进行比较，应用形容词的最高级形式，“cmmn”的最高级是“mst cmmn”，故填mst cmmn。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。空白处在句子中作后置定语，因与其逻辑主语a niche之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词，故填cntaining。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：几乎总是，墙壁和天花板上覆盖着佛教重要人物的画作、赞助者、佛教故事和经文，以及装饰艺术。根据“paintings f imprtant figures in Buddhism(佛教重要人物的画作)”以及“Buddhist stries and scriptures(佛教故事和经文)”可知，这里应填表示人的名词，“cntribute”指人的名词形式为“cntributr”意为“赞助者”，因此处为泛指，使用其复数形式cntributrs，故填 cntributrs。
【64题详解】
考查形容词、名词。句意：同上。修饰名词art要用形容词作定语，“decrate”的形容词形式是 “decrative”，意为“装饰性的”；也可以用名词“decratin”作定语修饰art，“decratin art”意为“装饰艺术”，也符合句意，故填 decrative/decratin。
【65题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：通过这些艺术作品，可以清楚地观察到公元4世纪至14世纪中国绘画的发展，这表明了莫高窟对任何想要研究中国艺术史的人来说是多么有价值。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用which引导定语从句，故填which。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
66. 你校英文报调查发现学生的注意力水平整体呈下降趋势。因此，将于下周举办一场以“Hw t imprve cncentratin”为主题的英文演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1.影响注意力的因素；
2.提高注意力的方法。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hw t imprve cncentratin
Gd mrning, everyne.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank yu fr yur attentin!
【答案】范文
Hw t imprve cncentratin
Gd mrning, everyne,
A recent survey has fund that students these days can nt cncentrate lng enugh, arusing much cncern.
I think there culd be many underlying factrs. The cnstant expsure t digital devices, fr example, may result in decreased prductivity, Prlnged hurs f schl wrk, meanwhile, may als hinder the ability t fcus.
T imprve the situatin, we students shuld realize the imprtance f cncentratin, and exercise cntrl. Besides, self-discipline f curse cmes first, but we can als turn t adults fr help when necessary.
T sum up, immediate effrts shuld be made t address the prblem and right the wrng. Thank yu fr yur attentin!
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇为英文演讲比赛准备的演讲稿，要求考生探讨影响注意力的因素，并提出提高注意力的方法。文章应包含对问题的认识、分析以及解决方案。
【详解】词汇积累
认为：think → argue
许多：many → plenty f
重要性：imprtance → significance
帮助：help → assistance
句式拓展
同义句改写
原句：The cnstant expsure t digital devices may result in decreased prductivity.
拓展句：Persistent engagement with digital devices has the ptential t diminish prductivity levels.
【点睛】【高分句型1】There are several factrs that cntribute t this issue, which we shuld cnsider carefully.（使用了一个以factrs为先行词、关系代词that为引导词的非限制定语从句）
【高分句型2】Additinally, it is beneficial t take regular breaks during lng perids f studying, allwing the brain t rest and recharge.（使用了现在分词作状语）
第二节 (满分 25 分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My birth was a little mre dramatic than the standard way a baby enters the wrld. Within minutes f cming ut, dctrs gave my parents the difficult news: I was brn missing my left hand.
Indeed, that annuncement f my limb difference might have been a disaster if it hadn’t been fr what happened next. I’m tld that a nurse placed me m my mther’s arms and instructed: “Yu will take her hme. Yu will lve her. yu will raise her like yu wuld any child. Yu will treat her as nrmal”
My parents tk that instructin seriusly, I played sprt, acted in theatre, excelled in schl, participated in student gvernment and had playdates. while I did set sme stares and ‘plite’ questins abut my disability, I am lucky because I wasn’t made fun f fr my limb difference.
As kids d, I learned t adapt. One f earliest memries is my father trying t teach me t tie my shes. I gently pushed him ut f the way because his tw=handed methd wuldn’t wrk fr me, and I figured ut a way t d it with ne hand. Nt every challenge was that simple, hwever. Because my parents were trying s hard t make me feel ‘nrmal’, that als meant I didn’t really have space t talk abut my limb difference ― and it was different. N matter hw hard we tried, ther kids had tw hands and I had nly ne.
The fact that I was different hit me hard my first day f high schl. I was 13, an age when kids are already very self-cnscius. I remember getting n the bus and ne f the ther kids stared just a little t lng at my left arm. The staring upset me in a way it never had befre, and I felt a sudden urge t hide my hand, s I immediately slipped it int my pcket.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 词左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I spent the next tw decades keeping my limb difference hidden at all times.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The jurney f hiding t unhiding is hard, but the effrts were rewarding.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Pssible versin:
I spent the next tw decades keeping my limb difference hidden at all times. I’d keep my hand in my pcket, cver it with extra-lng sleeves r tuck it behind bags r underneath jackets. In my mind, I had decided that my missing hand made me extremely ugly and that if peple knew abut it they wuld nt want t be arund me anymre. I internalised this self-lathing, .and it nly strengthened ver the years, When I finally realized I was nt thriving, I was determined t stp it.
The jurney f hiding t unhiding was hard, but the effrts were rewarding. I learned that being cmfrtable with myself made ther peple mre cmfrtable as well. Talking abut my struggles gave them permissin t talk abut theirs as well, and I was able t bnd n a deeper level with a much larger grup f peple. Fr 25 years, I’ve wrked in nn-prfit rganisatins wrking with yung peple. Accepting my disability has sparked a passin in me t educate thers abut disability as part f diversity, thrugh public speaking and writing.
【解析】
【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者天生左手缺失，但在父母和护士的鼓励下，以及通过自己的努力和适应，积极参与各种活动，不被残疾所限制的成长故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“接下来的二十年里，我一直把我的肢体差异隐藏起来。”可知，第一段可描写作者具体隐藏肢体差异的方式，以及这种隐藏背后的心理原因，还有最终想要改变的决心。
②由第二段首句内容“从隐藏到不再隐藏的过程很艰难，但这些努力是值得的。”可知，第二段可描写作者不再隐藏后所获得的收获，包括自身心态的转变、与他人关系的变化，以及因接受残疾而引发的对生活的积极影响。
2.续写线索：隐藏方式——隐藏原因——内心挣扎——决定改变——心态变化——与他人关系——对自身生活的积极影响
3.词汇激活：
行为类：
①决定：decide/determine
②意识到：realize /be aware f /cme t realize
③接受：accept/jump at
④加强：strengthen/enhance
情绪类：
①舒适的：cmfrtable/csy
②热情：passin/enthusiasm
【点睛】[高分句型1] In my mind, I had decided that my missing hand made me extremely ugly and that if peple knew abut it they wuld nt want t be arund me anymre.（运用了that引导宾语从句，if引导的条件状语从句）