湖南省邵阳市2024届高三上学期第一次联考（一模）英语试题 含答案

这是一份湖南省邵阳市2024届高三上学期第一次联考（一模）英语试题 含答案，共19页。试卷主要包含了保持答题卡的整洁等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷8页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡上“条形码粘贴区”。
2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4．保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，只交答题卡，试题卷自行保存。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What is the chair made f?
A．Wd.B．Metal.C．Plastic.
2．What des the man think f the fd in the restaurant?
A．Bring.B．Special.C．Great.
3．Where des the man cme frm?
A．New Yrk.B．Washingtn.C．Ls Angeles.
4．What is the next TV prgram?
A．The news.B．A quiz shw.C．A dcumentary abut animals.
5．Where are the speakers?
A．In a library.B．In a bkstre.C．At a cffee shp.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答6、7题。
6．What are the speakers ding?
A．Cking.B．Wrking.C．Eating.
7．What was put n the man’s finger?
A．Cream.B．Bandage.C．Ice.
听第7段材料，回答8至10题。
8．Wh des the bk belng t?
A．David.B．Mary.C．Nancy.
9．What can be knwn abut the bk?
A．It sells very well.
B．It can be fund in a few bkstres.
C．The bk is aimed at students.
10．What will the wman d next?
A．Lk fr the bk in a bkstre.
B．Give Mary a call.
C．Bring the bk right nw.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11．What des the wman say abut the ski place?
A．The snw is nt gd.B．It’s very crwded.C．She’s been t the place twice.
12．What did the stupid skier d t the wman?
A．He tk a picture f her.B．He stle her new glves.C．He drve her int a tree.
13．Hw can the wman recgnize the stupid skier?
A．By his clthing.B．By his crazy laugh.C．By his hair and eyes.
14．What is the end f the stry?
A．The speakers find they bth like jazz.
B．The man seems t be the stupid skier.
C．The man will teach the wman t ski.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．Where are the tw speakers?
A．In a car.B．In a train.C．In a bus.
16．What are the speakers talking abut?
A．A travel t a new city.B．A light rail train.C．A traffic accident.
17．Wh perates the train?
A．The man.B．The train itself.C．Operatrs.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．Hw ld is the speaker nw?
A．12 years ld.B．15 years ld.C．17 years ld.
19．What did Lisa say when she was invited t a mvie?
A．She had t study.
B．She had watched the mvie.
C．She had t see anther friend.
20．What d we knw abut the wman and Lisa nw?
A．They hardly see each ther.
B．They remain t be gd friends.
C．They have fewer friends.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcme t American United Travel Cmpany. We’ll help yu spend a perfect hliday. Fr ver 6 years, we have been rganizing value fr mney summer hlidays, whether it’s a late hliday deal r yur main summer hliday. Whether yu’re lking fr a rmantic getaway, a luxury 5-star hliday, r yu just want t relax and sak up the sun, we’ve gt access t the very best flight and htel deals thrughut the wrld. We are prud t ffer yu varius services unlike ther tur cmpanies where we ffer ne-stp shp fr cmplete turism.
Our Services Include
Turs. Meet & Assist Services. Airprt Transfer. MICE （Meeting, Incentive, Cnferences, Exhibitins） private Jets. Grund handling （24 hurs） VIP services n arrival & departure. Adventure Tur.
Means f Transprtatin Reservatins
We perate fr all means f transprtatin available in the cuntry, starting with buses fr grups t car rental t individuals.
Guidance
We have the mst qualified guides wh speak French, English, German, Italian, and Spanish. We bank n their cmmunicatin skills as well as their knwledge in varius fields.
Fancy Dinners
We prepare utdr dinners in particular places such as castles, beaches, ld and traditinal huses, etc. Usually, these dinners are arranged accrding t the clients’ chices.
Luggage Cncierge
Dn’t wrry abut luggage size and weight when travelling. Give yur bags t Luggage Cncierge in advance and they will be waiting fr yu at yur destinatin when yu arrive.
Call ne f ur experienced travel cnsultants n 18884700610 t secure ne f these fantastic deals.
21．What is special abut United Travel cmpany?
A．It prvides ne-stp cmplete turism.B．It supplies the best flight and htels.
C．It ffers transfer service.D．Its guides speak varius languages.
22．What can yu d with yur luggage befre travelling?
A．Send it t yur destinatin directly.B．Carry it by yurself.
C．Keep it as light as pssible.D．Hand it t Luggage Cncierge.
23．What’s the purpse f the text?
A．T diversify the ecnmy.B．T attract turists.
C．T cnserve the envirnment.D．T entertain readers.
B
Ever wnder what happens t spacecraft after they get launched t space? Well, that is where my jb as an instrument peratin engineer cmes in. My jb cnsists f planning, generating, and perating scientific instruments in-flight. I am grateful fr having wrked n missins at Saturn, the Mn, and ur wn planet Earth.
When I was a high-schler, I was unsure f what cllege I wanted t attend, r what majr I wanted t chse. After receiving an email frm a cllege called Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy （MIT）, I decided t apply t a summer prgram they were ffering with the encuragement f my mm. After participating in that prgram, I knew that MIT was the right university fr me. The passinate students and bundless pprtunities develped a feeling f belnging in me that led me t apply and eventually get accepted.
The mst exciting and fulfilling part f being an engineer is that I am able t wrk n prjects that benefit humanity. When peple think f the space industry, they picture the uter reaches f ur slar system. What they may nt imagine is the great bdy f wrk being dne t study ur wn hme—Earth. I am thankful t have a career that allws me t cmmit myself t that respnsibility.
The high light f my career has been witnessing the end f the Cassini missin t Saturn. And when the Cassini spacecraft had run ut f fuel, I quickly learned that it was nt just the end f the missin, but the end f a team. The night we watched with bittersweet lnging as its signal faded t nthing is smething that I will always keep in my memries. And while Cassini will be remembered fr its histric cntributins, what I will remember it fr is the team it brught tgether.
My friends ften ask why a girl culd achieve all these. I always grew up a big fan f fictin. I realized that a cmmn theme f her stries is that the her must always make a chice t start their adventure. If yu dn’t pick up the swrd in yur wn stry because yu are afraid f what may happen next, yu risk nt having a stry at all.
24．Why did the authr apply t MIT?
A．She set this gal as a high-schler.B．A summer prgram made her lve MIT.
C．The majrs in MIT interested her.D．Her mther urged her t g t MIT.
25．What des the authr think f her ccupatin?
A．She is prud t wrk fr human well-being.B．It’s hard fr a girl t have such a career.
C．She is annyed by being misunderstd.D．It’s easy t predict what she des.
26．What des the authr treasure mst in the Cassini missin?
A．Breathtaking images f the planet.B．The pprtunity t perate the cameras.
C．Its histric cntributins.D．The team it brught tgether.
27．What can we include frm the stry?
A．Practice makes perfect.B．Well begun is half dne.
C．N way is impssible t curage.D．Time lst cannt be wn again.
C
Listening t an audibk（有声书） befre bed affects a persn’s brain activity after they nd ff as well as the cntent f their dreams.
Better understanding this effect culd help treat certain mental health cnditins by targeting memry prcessing during sleep. When we sleep, ur brain spntaneusly（自发地）“replays”, r reactivates patterns f electrical activity that are related t learning t transfer imprtant new infrmatin t lng-term memry strage. It has been suggested that dreams may reflect this reactivatin, but exactly hw is unclear.
T investigate, Deniz Kumral at the University f Freiburg, Germany, and her clleagues asked 20 peple t listen t different audibks just befre they went t sleep. These included The Mystery f the Blue Train by Agatha Christie and Inkheart by Crnelia Funke.
Amng the participants wh remembered their dreams, the researchers culd identify which audibk each had heard frm their descriptins f the dreams. While the participants slept, the researchers als used an EEG（脑电图） cap that detects electrical activity t recrd their brain waves. This shwed that the wave patterns during the rapid eye mvement phase f sleep, when dreams ccurred, were mre similar between thse wh had heard the same audibk than thse wh had heard different nes, suggesting that the listening experience shaped the brain activity.
Further analysis f the patterns revealed that high-frequency beta waves—between 18 and 30hertz—were mst strngly assciated with the participants recalling the audibk-related cntent f their dreams. The findings suggest that daily life experiences can shape dream cntent via memry reactivatin, accrding t the researchers. But while dreaming may serve a distinct purpse in memry frmatin, it culd als be a by-prduct f memry prcessing.
“Daytime experiences are rarely replayed as experienced, but are almst always mdified r surface in different cntexts,” says Kumral. “Individuals with certain psychlgical cnditins r mental prblems might benefit frm tailred strategies that enhance memry prcessing r treat disrders f dreaming during sleep, ptentially cntributing t imprved mental and emtinal health.”
28．What did the researchers ask the participants t d?
A．Recrd their dreams every night.B．Listen t audibks during the day.
C．Listen t audibks just befre sleep.D．Wear an EEG cap during the day.
29．Why did Deniz Kumral and her clleagues d the research?
A．T knw hw peple prcess infrmatin.
B．T find ut the cntents f peple’s dreams.
C．T reveal the secret f imprving peple’s memry.
D．T investigate hw dreams replay patterns f electrical activity.
30．What des the underlined wrd “mdified” in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A．changed.B．stredC．strengthened.D．frgtten.
31．What is the best title f the text?
A．Listening experiences influencing brain activity.
B．Listening t audibks befre bed shaping ne’s dream.
C．The imprtance f dreams in memry frmatin.
D．Integratin f daily experiences int dreams.
D
Sme peple wrry that there’s t much technlgy in ur lives. And they may have a pint, given hw cuntless peple nw carry the internet arund in their pcket and use it as a primary frm f cmmunicatin. It’s practically difficult t shun technlgy in ur wrld. There are cmputer micrchips（微芯片） in ur watches, ur cars, light switches, even ur pets! Where will it end?
Well, if certain peple have their way, it’ ll g even further. We’ll have micrchips implanted（植入） int ur brains that can interact with the cmputers by thught alne. It may sund like smething frm the science fictin, but in many ways, things lk quite prmising. Thanks t the ability t send and receive infrmatin remtely via cmputers, micrchips and ther related devices have lng been put int brains.
Fr example, electrdes have been implanted in the brains f epilepsy patients t better recrd and even predict the abnrmal neurlgical activity. Similarly, deep-brain stimulatin, thrugh implanted devices that cause activity in key brain regins, is an established treatment fr things like Parkinsn’s disease, and is even being lked int fr illnesses like depressin.
Hwever, it’s anther thing t place such devices in healthy individuals. There are the practical cncerns, nt least f which is what these chips will be made f. The inside f the brain is a mass f highly reactive chemicals and electrical activity. Implants wuld need t be inert（静止的） enugh t nt upset the delicate prcesses by their presence, but als sensitive enugh t read and prcess the activity arund them. Current technlgy has made impressive prgress with this, but if it were t be rlled ut t millins f peple, we’d need t be 100 per cent certain that it’s safe.
Hw many peple will actually want t have technlgy literally put int their brain? A surprising 60 per cent f Americans say they’d be kay with it, but that’s when it’s purely theretical. In reality, the pssibility f having strangers stick chips in yur brain is likely t prve unattractive, especially fr a ppulatin where millins get mad at fictinal micrchips in vaccines （疫苗）, and even mre are frightened f dentists.
Ultimately, the technlgy f cmputer-brain interface（接口） implants is still far away frm us.
32．What’s the functin f the first paragraph?
A．A summary f the article.B．An intrductin t the main tpic.
C．An verview f the whle article.D．An argument ver the main tpic.
33．What des the authr want t tell us by the examples in paragraph 3?
A．The prcess f human-cmputer interactin.
B．The pssible treatment fr particular diseases.
C．The future f micrchips and devices alike.
D．The existing applicatin f micrchip implants.
34．Hw may mst Americans react t implanting chips in the brain in reality?
A．They may reject it.B．They may expect it.
C．They may adjust t it.D．They may feel curius abut it.
35．Which wrd can best describe the technlgy f cmputer-brain interface implants?
A．Imaginary.B．Practical.C．Unfulfilled.D．Impssible.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Rad systems are necessary fr public transprt. Street netwrk is indeed cnvenient fr humans. But rads and highways have dne mre harm than gd t animals. Every week, millins f wild animals die frm vehicle cllisins（碰撞）. Despite the numerus rad signs, the increasing number f animal radkills keeps n increasing each year. Ever since rad systems were cnstructed, animals have been expsed t danger frm mving frm ne place t anther. 36
Wildlife crssings are in the frm f bridges, verpasses and underpass tunnels. 37 With these safe rutes, wild animals wn’t have t access the busy rads and highways anymre. They can safely crss ver r under these structures t mve n t their path.
The first wildlife crssing ever made was in the frm f bridges fr animals. In the 1950’s,France cnstructed several animal bridges t prtect bth animals and humans frm vehicle cllisins. 38 Apart frm France, the Netherlands als features 600 verpasses and ecducts （生态通道） fr deer, bars, and badgers. As a matter f fact, the Netherlands takes pride in having the lngest wildlife verpass in the wrld. The Natuurbrug Zanderij Crail stretches 800 meters in length, verpassing the massive N525 radway and nearby rail lines.
39 There culd be a few unintended cnsequences f the wildlife crssings based n their design. The bridges can increase the spread f invasive（入侵的） species, fr example. Predatin （捕食） rates culd increase as the predatrs can easily hunt dwn the prey（捕获物） thrugh the bridges.
Hwever, the imprtance f eclgical crssings cannt be denied. Regardless f the negative impacts, they play a vital rle in the preservatin and restratin f habitat and species. 40
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Chris Smith lked like any ther yung by in his class except fr the cnstant evictins（驱赶）, and eventually being hmeless.
Chris’ father was reckless （鲁莽的） with finances and 41 in business. His mther tried her best t run the hme until Chris’ little brther drwned, then his father went t prisn, and finally the family 42 .
“My mm shut dwn 43 . Everything gt wrse,” Chris remembers. Then she was gne and ran away frm hme withut telling Chris. He did the 44 he culd, sleeping n his newly married sister’s sfa. “They didn’t have much mney, and I knw it was a 45 t take me in at 17 years ld, I was ging t 46 frm schl and make it n my wn.”
But Chris’ histry teacher had different ideas. When Chris’ 47 began t g dwn, she 48 him. “Yu’re the smartest kid in the class,” she tld him, “If yu dn’t graduate, yu’re ging t 49 it.”
“Schl was my safe place.” Chris says. Schl als 50 him heat and fｄ. It became the clsest thing t hme he culd find, 51 t his father’s ld truck that became his bed and his study space.
When 52 came, Chris earned a full schlarship t cllege and graduated in the tp 10 f his class. When it’s time t apply fr medical residencies（住院医生）, Chris set his 53 high. He applied fr residencies arund the 54 and included the N. 1 prgram in the natin: Jhns Hpkins. And then the letter came. Chris was in.
“I didn’t really think I had a chance. But I had learned t 55 everything my best sht. Life is never fair. But if yu dn’t give up, yu will give yurself a better chance t make it.” Chris says.
41．A．dishnestB．respectableC．wrthyD．hnest
42．A．pulled apartB．set apartC．fell apartD．fell behind
43．A．cautiuslyB．emtinallyC．physicallyD．happily
44．A．leastB．mstC．wrstD．best
45．A．prfitB．burdenC．wealthD．treasure
46．A．cut utB．pick utC．drp utD．drp ff
47．A．spiritB．healthC．emtinD．study
48．A．blamedB．crneredC．stppedD．praised
49．A．regretB．appreciateC．prtestD．cmplain
50．A．prvidedB．fferedC．awardedD．helped
51．A．cmmittedB．relatedC．cmparedD．devted
52．A．cmpetitinB．celebratinC．cmpletinD．graduatin
53．A．scenesB．sptsC．viewsD．sights
54．A．cuntryB．cityC．wrldD．cllege
55．A．giveB．targetC．achieveD．btain
第二节（共10 小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heatable Brick Beds Warm NE China Hmes
In nrtheast China’s chilly winter, getting int a warm bed is made pssible by an ancient heatable brick bed that culd date back mre than tw thusand years 56．______ is still widely used tday. These beds nt nly bring warmth t lcal residents, but als cntinue the flk culture f nrtheast China.
The bed is made f bricks r ther frms f fired clay with 57．______width f abut1.7m t 2.3 m and a length that can be determined accrding t the length f the bedrm. It uses a ducted heating system similar t the Rman hypcaust, 58．______（cmpse） f a stve, a bed and a chimney. The stve 59．______（use） t burn firewd. Smke and heat generated by burning firewd pass thrugh an internal hllw and curved flue system t heat the bed abve. Smke is eventually discharged utward thrugh the chimney. The bed retains heat well, 60．______enables peple 61．______（have） a cmfrtable sleeping envirnment in the cld winter. In additin, 62．______（sleep） n the heatable brick bed fr a prlnged perid is gd fr the bld 63．______（circulate） and metablism f the bdy, and can relieve sme diseases such as arthritis and waist and le g pain.
The heatable brick bed is nt nly used as a bed, but als a living area fr the family. Peple 64．______（rutine） have their meals and family 65．______（gathering） n the bed in cld winters. The bed is a symbl f hme that embdies the emtin and lve they feel twards their families.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，得知当地民俗博物馆正在招聘英文志愿者，你很感兴趣。请写一封申请信。
内容包括：
1．写信目的；2．个人优势；3．表达期待。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear sir r Madam,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was an extremely shy girl in primary schl and culdn’t make friends easily. My teacher, Mr. Dcy, called my mther and explained that I hadn’t spken a single wrd in class. And we were mre than half way thrugh the schl year. Even as a little girl, I knew this was unusual. I watched the free and happy interactin f my classmates with envy.
Mm tried t excuse my behavir as smething that I wuld utgrw. But Mr. Dcy was still quite cncerned abut me. He asked Mm if I had smething at hme that I liked. He said he wuld arrange a shw-and-tell activity fr the class if I brught it t schl. My mm tld him abut my cat wh had given birth t several baby cats abut three weeks earlier. I was crazy abut thse baby cats.
Then Mr. Dcy suggested I bring the baby cats t schl the next day and intrduce them t my classmates. It seemed that Mm didn’t think this shw-and-tell activity wuld help me and hped t discurage Mr. Dcy. She explained that I wuld have t bring the mther cat alng with the six baby cats because they were t yung t be separated frm their mther. She prbably thught this wuld put an end t the plan. But Mr. Dcy said that was fine.
I nrmally walked t schl, but my mther drve me the next mrning alng with a big brwn cardbard bx. I struggled t walk tward the classrm with the heavy lad. In n time, the grup f baby cats caught the attentin f my classmates. Their eyes lit up in wnder when they caught sight f my tiny treasures. My heart beat quickly against my chest as pride swelled within me. I had never felt s imprtant in my entire nine years f life!
Mr. Dcy instructed me t sit n the steps utside the classrm s everyne culd get a gd lk inside the cntainer. “Can I hld ne?” a little girl asked alud with excitement. Then all the ther children chimed in like a chir, begging t hld ne f the baby cats.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I ndded and said, “Yes.”
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With everyne sitting in the classrm, Mr. Dcy invited me t say smething abut my cats.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2024年邵阳市高三第一次联考试题参考答案、评分标准和录音材料
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
1-5 CABCA6-10 ACBAB11-15 BCABA16-20 BCCAB
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
A篇：21-23 ADB
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。主题语境是人与社会。文章主要介绍了美国旅行公司提供的旅游一站式服务内容。
21．A 细节理解题。根据第一段内容“we are prud t ffer yu varius services unlike ther tur cmpanies where we ffer ne-stp shp fr cmplete turism. ”可知，与其他旅行公司不同，美国旅行公司提供一站式完整的旅游服务。故选A。
22．D 细节理解题。根据文章Luggage Cncierge中的内容“Give yur bags t Luggage Cncierge in advance and they will be waiting fr yu at yur destinatin when yu arrive.”可知，在旅游前，你可以把行李提前给行李部。故选D。
23．B 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了美国旅行公司提供的旅游一站式服务内容。故这篇文章的目的是在为美国旅游公司做广告宣传，旅游广告的目的是吸引游客。故选B。
B篇：24-27 BADC
【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。主题语境是人与自我。文章主要讲述了作者是一名工程师，工作包括规划、制作和操作飞行中的科学仪器。作者认为自己从事有益于人类的项目，感到感激和满足。
24．B 细节理解题。根据第二段“After receiving an email frm a cllege called Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy （MIT）, I decided t apply t a summer prgram they were ffering with the encuragement f my mm. After participating in that prgram, I knew that MIT was the right university fr me.（在收到一封来自麻省理工学院的电子邮件后，在我妈妈的鼓励下，我决定申请他们提供的暑期项目。在参加了这个项目之后，我知道MIT是适合我的大学）”可知，作者申请麻省理工学院是因为一个暑期项目使她爱上了麻省理工学院。故选B。
25．A 推理判断题。根据第三段“The mst exciting and fulfilling part f being an engineer is that I am able t wrk n prjects that benefit humanity.（作为一名工程师,最令人兴奋和满足的部分是我能够从事有益于人类的项目）”以及“What they may nt imagine is the great bdy f wrk being dne t study ur wn hme-Earth. I am thankful t have a career that allws me t cmmit myself t that respnsibility.（他们可能无法想象的是，研究我们自己的家园地球的大量工作正在进行。我很感激有这样一份工作，能让我承担起这样的责任）”可知，作者因自己为人类福祉而工作而自豪。故选A。
26．D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“And while Cassini will be remembered fr its histric cntributins, what I will remember it fr is the team it brught tgether.（虽然卡西尼号将因其历史性贡献而被铭记，但我将铭记的是它所凝聚的团队）”可知，在卡西尼号任务中，作者最看重的是它所凝聚的团队。故选D。
27．C 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I realized that a cmmn theme f her stries is that the her must always make a chice t start their adventure. If yu dn’t pick up the swrd in yur wn stry because yu are afraid f what may happen next, yu risk nt having a stry at all. （我意识到英雄故事的一个共同主题是，英雄必须总是做出选择，开始他们的冒险。如果你在自己的故事中因为害怕接下来可能发生的事情而不拿起剑，你就有可能根本没有故事）”可知，我们能从这个故事中学到“勇者无惧”的道理。故选C。
C 篇：28-31．CDAB
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主题语境是人与社会。文章主要讲：睡前听有声书会影响人在入睡后的大脑活动以及梦的内容。
28．C 细节理解题。根据第三段 T investigate, Deniz Kumral at the University f Freiburg, Germany, and her clleagues asked 20 peple t listen t different audi bks just befre they went t sleep. 可知答案。故选 C。
29．D 推理判断题。根据第二段 When we sleep, ur brain spntaneusly（自发地） “replays”, r reactivates, patterns f electrical activity that are related t learning t transfer imprtant new infrmatin t lng-term memry strage. It has been suggested that dreams may reflect this reactivatin, but exactly hw is unclear. 和第三段 T investigate, Deniz Kumral at the University f Freiburg, Germany, and her clleagues asked 20 peple t listen t different audi bks just befre they went t sleep. 可知研究的目的是：研究梦是如何重现脑电波活动模式的。故选D。
30．A 词义猜测题。根据上文Daytime experiences are rarely replayed as experienced的提示可知，这句话的意思是：白天的经历很少在梦境中被回放，但几乎总是在不同的环境中被修改或浮出水面。故此处“mdified ”的含义是：修改。故选A。
31．B 主旨大意题。根据文章主要内容可知答案选B。
D篇:32-35．BDAC
【语篇导读】这是一篇议论文。主题语境是人与社会。文章探讨了将微芯片植入人类大脑的可能性。
32．B 推理判断题。第一段“There are cmputer micrchips（微芯片） in ur watches, ur cars, light switches, even ur pets!（我们的手表，汽车，电灯开关，甚至我们的宠物里都有电脑芯片！）”说明电脑芯片在人们日常生活中已经是普遍存在。事实引发思考：“Where will it end?”从而引出本文的话题：将微芯片植入人类大脑的可能性。故选B项。
33．D 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thanks t the ability t send and receive infrmatin remtely via cmputers micrchips and ther related devices have lng been put int brains. （由于能够通过计算机远程发送和接收信息，微芯片和其他相关设备早已被植入大脑。）”和第三段“Fr example, electrdes have been implanted in the brains f epilepsy patients t better recrd and even predict the abnrmal neurlgical activity. Similarly, deep-brain stimulatin, thrugh implanted devices that cause activity in key brain regins, is an established treatment fr things like Parkinsn’s disease, and is even being lked int fr illnesses like depressin.（例如，电极已经植入癫痫患者的大脑，以便更好地记录甚至预测异常的神经活动。类似地，通过植入设备引起大脑关键区域活动的深部脑刺激，是治疗帕金森氏症等疾病的既定方法，甚至正在研究治疗抑郁症等疾病。）”可知，作者想通过例子说明微芯片植入的现有应用。故选D项。
34．A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“In reality, the pssibility f having strangers stick chips in yur brain is likely t prve unattractive, especially fr a ppulatin where millins get mad at fictinal micrchips in vaccines（疫苗）, and even mre are frightened f dentists.（事实上，让陌生人在你的大脑里植入芯片的可能性很可能被证明是没有吸引力的，尤其是对于一个数百万人对疫苗中虚构的微芯片感到愤怒的人群，对于害怕牙医的人群来说更多。）”可知，在现实中，大多数美国人可能会拒绝对在大脑中植入芯片。故选A项。
35．C 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中“Ultimately, the technlgy f cmputer-brain interface（接口） implants is still far away frm us.最终，计算机与人脑接口植入技术离我们仍然很远。”。C项“Unfulfilled（还未实现的）”符合主题，故选C项。
七选五：36-40．GECBF
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与自然。介绍了为保护动物而建立起的许多生态通道，如动物桥梁等，以及它们的优缺点。
36．G 本句位于段尾，是本段的结论句，同时承上启下。上文“Ever since rad systems were cnstructed, animals have been expsed t danger frm mving frm ne place t anther. （自从道路系统建成以来，动物们就会因为从一个地方移动到另一个地方而面临危险。）”指出，为了保护动物安全，建造野生动物桥很有必要。下文“Wildlife crssings are in the frm f bridges verpasses and underpass tunnels.（野生动物道口的形式是桥梁、立交桥和地下通道、隧道）”。选项G“Fr this reasn, wildlife bridges are built t allw wild animals t crss man-made rads safely.（因此，建造野生动物桥是为了让野生动物能够安全地穿越人造道路。）”承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。故选G项。
37．E 上文“Wildlife crssings are in the frm f bridges verpasses and underpass tunnels.（野生动物过境点采用桥梁、立交桥和地下通道隧道的形式。）”指出桥梁、立交桥和地下通道隧道被使用。选项E“These structures prvide safe passageways fr passing animals.（这些结构为过往动物提供了安全通道。）”指出结构为过往动物提供了安全通道，这是对上文这些形式的评价，符合语境。故选 E 项。
38．C 上文“In the 1950’s, France cnstructed several animal bridges t prtect bth animals and humans frm vehicle cllisins. （20世纪50年代，法国建造了几座动物桥，以保护动物和人类免受车辆碰撞。）”指出法国很久之前就建造了动物桥，保护动物。下文“Apart frm France, the Netherlands als features 600 verpasses and ecducts（生态通道） fr deer, bars, and badgers.（除了法国，荷兰还有600座立交桥和生态通道用于鹿、野猪和獾。）”指出其他欧洲国家也在努力做这件事。选项C“Eurpe surely leads the way in terms f wildlife bridges. （欧洲在野生动物桥梁方面无疑处于领先地位。）”与上下文逻辑一致，也是在介绍欧洲在这一方面的出色表现，符合语境。故选C项。
39．B 下文“There culd be a few unintended cnsequences f the wildlife crssings based n their design. The bridges can increase the spread f invasive species, fr example. （根据野生动物过境点的设计，可能会产生一些意想不到的后果。例如，这些桥梁可以增加入侵物种的传播。）”指出这些过境点的设计也有坏处，如增加入侵物种的传播。选项B“The wildlife bridges can have negative results as well.（野生动物桥梁也可能产生负面影响。）”指出动物桥梁可能产生负面影响，这能引出下文，符合语境。故选B项。
40．F 上文“Regardless f the negative impacts, they play a vital rle in the preservatin and restratin f habitat and species.（不管负面影响如何，它们在保护和恢复栖息地和物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用。）”指出这些动物桥梁，过境点发挥着重要作用。选项F“Mre ecducts shuld be built t prvide a safe space fr the species.（应该建造更多的生态通道，为物种提供一个安全的空间。）”指出要更多建造这种生态通道，故这是上文“这些动物桥梁，过境点发挥着重要作用”导致的结果，符合语境。故选 F项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
41-45 ACBDB46-50 CDBAB51-55 CDDAA
【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文，主题语境是人与自我。主要讲述了主人公克里斯从一个无家可归的人成长为顶尖大学医学院的医学住院医生的励志故事。
41．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：克里斯的父亲在经济上不计后果，做生意也不诚实。A．dishnest 不诚实的，B．respectable可敬的，C．wrthy值得尊敬的，D．hnest诚实的。根据下文“His mther tried her best t run the hme until Chris’ little brther drwned, then his father went t prisn, and finally the family 42 .”可知，他的父亲不诚实。故选A。
42．C 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他的母亲竭尽全力经营这个家，直到克里斯的弟弟淹死，然后他的父亲入狱，最后这个家庭破裂了。A．pulled apart拉开，B．set apart留出，分离，C．fell apart破裂，D．fell behind 落后。根据下文“then she was gne and ran away frm hme withut telling Chris.”可知，父亲入狱，母亲离家出走，因而家庭破碎了。故选C。
43．B 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我妈妈情绪低落。一切都变得更糟了”克里斯回忆道。A．cautiusly 小心地，B．emtinally情绪地，C．physically身体地，D．happily高兴地。根据下后“Then she was gne and ran away frm hme withut telling Chris.”可知，母亲离家出走是因为情绪低落。故选B。
44．D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他尽了最大的努力，睡在新婚姐姐家的沙发上。A．least最低程度的，B．mst 最多地，C．wrst最差地，D．best最好地，d the best是d well的最高级形式。故选D。
45．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们没有多少钱，我知道在17岁的时候收养我是一种负担，我打算从高中辍学，自力更生。A．prfit利益、利润，B．burden负担，C．wealth财富，D．treasure财富。从“They didn’t have much mney”可知，没有很多钱而收留他肯定是增加家里负担。故选B。
46．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我打算从高中辍学，自力更生。A．cut ut切断，B．pick ut挑选，C．drp ut退出、脱离、辍学，D．drp ff掉下、落下。根据第四段他的历史老师看法不同，而是鼓励努力学习，不要放弃，可知他自己打算辍学。故选C。
47．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当克里斯的学习成绩开始下降时，老师强烈要求与其面谈。A．spirit精神，B．health健康，C．emtin情绪，D．study学习。根据下文“ “Yu’re the smartest kid in the class,” she tld him. If yu dn’t graduate, yu’re ging t 49 it.”以及倒数第二段中“When 52 came, Chris earned a full schlarship t cllege and graduated in the tp 10 f his class.”可知，克里斯受到老师鼓励，取得优异成绩，可知，这里应该是指学习成绩开始下降。故选D。
48．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A．blamed责备，B．crnered（强求与其面谈），C．stpped拦住，阻止，D．praised表扬。根据上下文，老师看到克里斯成绩下降，出于关心，强求与其面谈，其它三个不符合语境。故选B。
49．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你不毕业的话，你会后悔的。A．regret后悔，B．appreciate欣赏、感激，C．prtest抗议，D．cmplain 抱怨。故选A。
50．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校也为他供应暖气和食物。A．prvided供应、供给，B．ffered供应，C．awarded颁奖，D．helped 帮助。根据上文“Schl was my safe place,”可知这里是“供应、供给”意思，prvide有“供应”的意义，但应用“prvide him with heat and fd”结构，help应用“help him with heat and fd”。故选B。
51．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与他父亲那辆既作床又当学习空间的老卡车比起来，学校就是他能够找到的最亲密的家。A．cmmitted（t）致力于，奉献，B．related（t）与有关，C．cmpared（t）比较，D．adjusted（t）适应、调节。在这里是拿他父亲的老卡车与学校作比较。故选C。
52．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕业时，克里斯获得了大学的全额奖学金，并以班级前10名的成绩毕业。A．cmpetitin竞赛，B．celebratin庆祝，C．cmpletin完成，D．graduatin毕业。根据上文“If yu dn’t graduate， yu’re ging t 49 it.”以及下文“graduated in the tp 10 f his class.”可知，此空应用graduatin。故选D。
53．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到了申请住院医生的时候，克里斯把自己的目标定得很高。A．scenes场景，场面，B．spts地点，C．views观点，风景，D．sights风景，目标。其中set ne’s sights high“设定很高的目标”是固定用法。故选D。
54．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他申请了全国各地的住院医师，并加入了全国排名第一的项目：约翰霍普金斯大学。A．cuntry国家，B．city城市，C．wrld世界，D．cllege 大学。根据下文“included the N. 1 prgram in the natin: Jhns Hpkins.”中的“in the natin”可知此空为“cuntry”。故选 A。
55．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经学会了全力以赴。A．give给，B．target树立目标，C．achieve取得、获得，D．btain 获得。give sth. ne’s best sht“为某物尽自己最大的努力”是固定用法，其他选项不合语境。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与社会。本文介绍中国东北可加热的暖床的历史、构造、功能等。它不仅给当地居民带来了温暖，而且延续了中国东北的文化。
56．and 考查连词。句意为：在中国东北寒冷的冬天里，一张古老的可加热的砖床使人们躺在温暖的床上成为可能，这种床有2000多年的历史且今天仍被广泛使用。that引导定语从句，从句中谓语culd date back…与 is still widely used tday并列，故填and。
57．a 考查冠词。句意为：这种床是由砖或其它形式的烧制陶土做成的，宽度为1.7米到2.3米，长度则根据房间的长度来确定。a width f是固定搭配，意为“宽度为”，故填不定冠词a.
58．cmpsed 考查非谓语动词。句意为：它使用类似于罗马人的地暖火坑那样的管道加热系统，由一个火炉，一张床和一个烟囱组成。“be cmpsed f”意为“由……组成”。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词做定语，与逻辑主语a ducted heating system是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填cmpsed。
59．is used 考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意为：这种炉子被用来燃烧柴火。分析句子成分可知该句缺谓语，而且是一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数，故填is used。
60．which 考查定语从句。句意为：这种床保温性能好，这使人们在寒冷的冬天有一个舒适的睡眠环境。该空前是一个完整的句子，且有逗号隔开，由此分析可知后面是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系代词在从句中做主语，故填which。
61．t have 考查非谓语动词。enable sb t d sth“使某人能做某事”不定式在句中做宾语补足语，故填t have。
62．sleeping 考查非谓语动词。句意为：除此之外，长期睡在可加热的温床对血液循环和身体的新陈代谢有好处 ，能减少疾病，如：关节炎，腰疼和腿疼。分析句子结构可知，该句缺主语，动名词做主语表示习惯性、经常行的动作，故填sleeping。
63．circulatin 考查名词。句意见62题。分析句子结构可知，此处需用名词作宾语，故填circulatin。
64．rutinely 考查副词。句意为：在寒冷的冬天里，人们通常在床上吃饭和家庭聚会。分析句子结构可知，此处需要用副词做状语修饰谓语动词have，故填rutinely。
65．gatherings 考查名词的单复数。句意见64题。gathering是可数名词，设空处和前面的名词meals 构成并列关系。故填gatherings .
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
A pssible versin:
Dear Sir r Madam,
I am writing t apply fr a vlunteer psitin fr Flk Museum this summer.
I am enthusiastic abut varius types f Chinese traditinal flk custms. It’s my dream t spend a whle summer vacatin in a museum, appreciating the treasure f traditinal art, and the histry f Chinese flk custms. Besides, I am utging, respnsible and have a gd cmmand f English and cmmunicatin, which will help me t intrduce the beautiful histry t the custmers. With a willing heart t help, I can surely d my duty.
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd cnsider my applicatin. Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文，主题语境是人与社会。要求考生给当地民俗博物馆写一封信，申请成为该馆的英文志愿者。
[高分句型1] It’s my dream t spend a whle summer vacatin in a museum, appreciating the treasure f traditinal art, and the histry f Chinese flk custms.（运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2] I wuld appreciate it if yu culd cnsider my applicatin.（运用了固定句型Ⅰwuld appreciate it if...）
第二节（满分25分）
【语篇导读】本文是记叙文，主题语境是人与社会。本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了作者在小学的时候非常害羞，不容易交朋友。学年已经过去一半多了，但是作者在课堂上没有说过话，于是Dcy老师打电话给作者的妈妈，想要解决这个问题。他建议作者把自己非常喜欢的小猫带到学校，把它们介绍给同学，虽然作者的妈妈并不看好这个计划，但是Dcy老师觉得可行。第二天作者用大纸板箱把小猫们带到了学校，立刻引起了同学们的注意，作者因为被重视而激动不已，这时一个小女孩提出想要抱小猫，其他孩子也附和起来。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我点点头说，‘可以。’”可知，第一段可描写孩子们轮流抱小猫，以及抱完小猫后热烈地讨论。
②由第二段首句内容“每个人都坐在教室里，Dcy老师邀请我说一些关于我的猫的事情。”可知，第二段可描写作者克服紧张讲述猫的事情，以及逐渐开始和同学们交流。
2.续写线索：点头同意——轮流抱猫——热烈讨论——邀请作者谈谈猫的事情——讲述猫的事情——增加交流
[高分句型1] They gently held kittens in turn cautiusly, as if they were hlding the mst delicate wrk f art in the wrld, petting them gently and bserving them. （运用as if引导方式状语从句、现在分词短语作伴随状语）
[高分句型2] Mr. Dcy began t ask sme questins and I began t tell hw the mther cat lved and lked after her babies, what kind f“hme”I designed fr them, etc. （hw 引导名词性从句作tell的宾语）
[高分句型3] My classmates were all staring at me and listening attentively, dancing in their eyes were the admiratin that I had never expected.（that引导限制性定语从句）
A pssible versin:
I ndded and said, “Yes.” Then I, with great cautin, handed the baby cats ne by ne t my expectant and excited classmates. They gently held kittens in turn cautiusly, as if they were hlding the mst delicate art wrk in the wrld, petting them gently and bserving them. Sn, the schl bell rang, but all f us turned a deaf ear t it and n ne mved r wanted t enter the classrm, even Mr. Dcy! He allwed us t sit there until each student had a turn hlding the cats. Then, he walked me t the frnt f the classrm and waited fr the students t cme in and sit dwn. Still excited, my classmates like chirping birds were exchanging ideas abut the lvely kittens until Mr. Dcy hushed them.
With everyne sitting in the classrm, Mr. Dcy invited me t say smething abut my cats. Standing in frnt f the class, I really had butterflies in my stmach, palms sweaty, nt knwing where t start. Mr. Dcy began t ask sme questins and I began t tell hw the mther cat lved and lked after her babies, what kind f “hme” I designed fr them, etc. My classmates were all staring at me and listening attentively. Dancing in their eyes was the admiratin that I had never expected. With a surge f pride and cnfidence rising inside me, I raised my vice. After that class, I prudly sat amng my classmates with a new sense f achievement, and my interactin with ther kids increased. Hw much I appreciated the help f Mr. Dcy and my lvely cats! But fr them, I wuld prbably still be that inrdinately shy girl I used t be.
录音材料
Text 1
W: This chair is unusual. Can yu guess what material it is made f?
M: Pssibly a light metal.
W: N, a new kind f plastic.
Text 2
W: Hw was yur first day here in the restaurant?
M: Great. I’ve enjyed it. But the fd we serve seems a bit bring.
W: What fd d yu think peple like t eat?
M: Well, I can try ne f my special meals if yu like.
Text 3
W: Where are yu frm, Karl? New Yrk r Ls Angeles?
M: I just tld yu yesterday, I’m frm Washingtn, a city clse t New Yrk.
Text 4
M: D yu knw what’s n after the news? Is it a quiz shw?
W: N, it’s a dcumentary abut animals.
M: Oh, I like t watch prgrams abut animals.
Text 5
W: I’d like t check ut these fur bks, please. By the way, is there a nice cffee shp arund here?
M: Yes, there’s ne right dwn the street. Well, I’d like t remind yu that yur bks are due in tw weeks and please return them in time.
Text 6
W: Well, the salad’s almst ready. Hw’s the beef ging? I’m starving.
M: S am I. The beef lks just abut ready. Just ne minute. Ww!
W: What’s the matter?
M: Oh! My finger! I have burned my finger!
W: That’s terrible! I’ll get sme ice and put it n yur finger.
M: OK!
W: There!
M: Ah... ah... much better. The ice really wrks.
W: Hw des it feel?
M: Oh! I feel well nw! Thanks! Let’s eat.
Text 7
W: What are yu reading, David?
M: The Her Tw Drs Dwn. I really lve it.
W: D yu think I culd brrw it when yu’ve finished with it? I’ve been lking all ver fr a cpy, but apparently, it’s sld ut at all the bkstres.
M: Oh, yeah. It’s been selling really well. But this cpy isn’t mine. It belngs t Mary.
W: When d yu think yu’ll finish reading it?
M: Tmrrw, I think.
W: S, I’ll call Mary and see what she says.
M: OK, Nancy. Let me knw if she says yes s that I can give it t yu as sn as I’m dne.
Text 8
M: Whew! It’s pretty cld tday. Miss, d yu ften ski here?
W: N, this is my first time. Actually, this is my first time skiing ever.
M: Hw d yu like it s far?
W: The snw is great, but it’s t crwded. Yu knw, tw peple crashed int me n my first run, and sme stupid skier was ging t fast and drve me int a tree. I crashed and lst my glves.
M: Ww, did the skier stp and aplgize?
W: N, he just laughed at me. Humph! Yu just wait until I find that guy.
M: Uh, what are yu ging t d t him?
W: First, I’m ging t break his skis. And then I will take a picture f him and pst it n Facebk.
M: But hw are yu ging t identify him?
W: Oh, that’s easy. He was wearing bright red bts and a purple hat, um…just like yurs.
M: Wait, wait! What d yu mean? Why are yu lking at me? Yu dn’t think it was me, d yu? Um... d yu like jazz music?
Text 9
W: Lk ut!
M: Dn’t wrry. That’s a new light rail train. The new light rail system shares the rad with street traffic.
W: Fr a secnd, I thught ur car was ging t run int it.
M: Didn’t yu see the peratr seated at the frnt f the train? She watches ut fr ther drivers.
W: I didn’t knw the train have peratrs. I thught they were autmatic.
M: N. They’re nt like sme frms f rapid transit.
W: I see that the trains ride n tracks and are pwered by verhead electric lines.
M: That’s right.
W: I’d like t have a try n the light rail train.
M: OK, I’ll take yu t the nearest stp. There’s the platfrm ver there.
Text 10
Lisa is my best friend. She mved t Chicag frm Lndn with her family at a very yung age. We first met when we were bth just five years ld. Her family lived next t mine, and we became friends as sn as we knew each ther. We went t the same kindergarten and always played tgether. Nw twelve years has passed. We have been friends all these years and we are still neighbrs. Hwever, at the beginning f this year I fund that Lisa didn’t hang ut with me as much as befre. When I asked her t hang ut with me, she said she was busy. One day, I asked her t g t a mvie with me, but she said she bad t study fr an exam at hme. Hwever, later that day, I saw her walking n the street with anther girl. I became angry, ran up t her and asked her why she lied t me. That night, Lisa aplgized. She said she wanted t make mre friends. She didn’t tell me the truth because she was afraid she’d break my heart. After knwing the reasn, I tld her it was alright. Everyne needs new friends. I have als made sme new friends. Nw Lisa and I are still gd friends. But we bth have mre friends than befre.A．Diseases may als use the crssings t spread.
B．The wildlife bridges can have negative results as well.
C．Eurpe surely leads the way in terms f wildlife bridges.
D．These crssings are used by an increasing number f mammals.
E．These structures prvide safe passageways fr passing animals.
F．Mre ecducts shuld be built t prvide a safe space fr the species.
G．Fr this reasn, wildlife bridges are built t allw wild animals t crss man-made rads safely.