Unit1 Trees 知识清单（七大知识题型）总梳理-2023-2024学年八年级英语下学期重难点讲练测全攻略（牛津上海版）

这是一份Unit1 Trees 知识清单（七大知识题型）总梳理-2023-2024学年八年级英语下学期重难点讲练测全攻略（牛津上海版），文件包含Unit1Trees知识清单七大知识题型总梳理-2023-2024学年八年级英语下学期重难点讲练测全攻略牛津上海版原卷版docx、Unit1Trees知识清单七大知识题型总梳理-2023-2024学年八年级英语下学期重难点讲练测全攻略牛津上海版解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共42页， 欢迎下载使用。

·模块一 课本词汇清单
·模块二 词汇详解清单
·模块三 重点短语清单
·模块四 重点句型清单
·模块五 重点知识清单
·模块六 重点语法清单
·模块七 书面表达清单
·模块八 重点知识讲练
模块一
课本词汇清单
模块二
词汇详解清单
1. interest n. 兴趣 v. 使好奇 --- interested adj. 感兴趣的 --- interesting adj. 有意思的， 引人入胜的
sb. be interested in (ding) sth. 某人对（做）某事感兴趣
2. living adj. 活着的（做定语） n. (U)生活方式
alive adj.活着的（做表语）
live adj. 有生命的，现场直播 v. 生存，活着
lively adj. 有生气的，活泼的
积累
e.g. living things 活的生物， make a living 谋生，
a live bradcast 现场直播， live in England 住在英国
lively imaginatin 生动的想象力， have a lively time 有一段够刺激的经历
3. harm n.& v. 伤害，损害 --- harmful adj. 有害的 ---harmless adj. 无害的
harmfully adv.有害地--- harmlessly adv.无害地
4. chemical n. 化学物品 --- chemist n. 化学家 --- Chemistry n. 化学
5. danger n.----safety (pp.)
dangerus adj.----safe (pp.)
dangerusly adv.----safely (pp.)
6. make
(1) make=create 制造，生产
e.g. They’ve made a film abut her life. 他们拍了一部有关她的生活的电影。
(2) make a prmise/remark/mistake/decisin
(3) make sb./sth. + adj(happy, sad, difficult)
e.g. Yu are making things difficult fr yurself. 你正在自找麻烦。
(4) make sb. d sth.
(5) be made f 由……制成（看得出原材料）
be made frm 由……制成（看不出原材料）
be made in 由……地方制造
be made up f 由……组成
7. else adj. / adv.
(1)与不定代词连用
e.g. Have yu anything else t d?
Ask smebdy else t help yu.
(2)与疑问代词连用
e.g. Wh else was there?
Hw else wuld yu d it?
8. as well as
e.g. (1) Mrs. Zhang, as well as her husband and daughter ,is ging t Hng Kng.
张太太和她的丈夫女儿也去香港。
(2) She is clever as well as beautiful.
她不仅漂亮而且聪明。
区分：as well as/ nt nly … but als
The teacher, as well as the students, wishes fr a hliday.(重点在前者)
Nt nly the students but als the teacher wishes fr a hliday. (重点在后者)
9. hardly adv. 几乎不--- hard adj. 坚固的， 困难的 adv. 努力地，剧烈地
近义词 almst nt
10. suppse vt. 猜想
I suppse yu felt tired after running the marathn.
Suppse yu had a millin dllars. What wuld yu d?
11. destry v.破坏，毁坏---destructin n.毁灭，毁坏
比较 damage 与destry
damage 指价值、用途降低或外表损坏等，不一定全部破坏，损坏了还可以修复
destry 指彻底毁坏以至于不能或很难修复
12. prduct n.农产品 --- prductin n.产品（工业方面）--- prducer n.制片人，制作者 --- prduce v.生产
13. fact n.事实 ---factr n.因素
in fact 事实上；实际上
e.g. I said it was Tuesday, but in fact it was Mnday.

14. pure adj.纯净的 ---purely adv.纯净地, 完全地
15. nature n.自然 ---natural adj.自然的--- unnatural adj.不自然的 ---naturally adv.自然地
16. burn v.烧毁，烧死 ---burning adj.（只用于名词前）燃烧着的，雄心勃勃的，迫在眉睫的
（1）表示燃烧，点燃；发光
e.g. We burn cal t keep warm.
He always keeps the light burning all night lng.

(2) 表示烧伤，烧焦, 烫伤
e.g. Be careful nt t burn yur muth.
The child gt burnt while playing with fire.
17. exchange v./n.交流，交换 ---change v./n.改变，替换
exchange A fr B 用A来交换B
e.g. May I exchange my ty car fr this bk?
18. breathe v.呼吸 ---breath n.呼吸
breathe in 吸入 breathe ut 呼出
19. scientist n.科学家 --- science n. 科学 ---scientific adj.科学的
20. warn v.警告 ---warning n.警告，告诫
(1) warn sb f / abut sth. 警告某人某事
I warned yu f the danger, didn’t I ?
(2) warn sb. (nt) t d sth. 警告某人（不）要做某事
Dctrs warned peple nt t smke.
（3）warn sb. against sth./ ding sth. 警告某人不要做某事
They warned him against swimming in the river.
（4）warn sb. that … 警告某人某事
The weather statin warned that a strm was cming.
21. replace v.放回原处，更换，替换 --- replacement n.更换，接替的人或物
近义词 take the place f 代替，取代
22. cmmunicate v.交流，沟通 --- cmmunicatin n.交流，沟通
e.g. Yung peple like t cmmunicate by e-mail and telephne.
23. release v. 释放；放出 = let ut/ give ff
反义词 absrb v. 吸收 take in 吸收
e.g. I released the hrse and it ran away.
Fur prisners were released.
模块三
重点短语清单
the average age / height平均年龄/身高
make things dirty and unhealthy使东西变的得脏而不健康
air pllutin空气污染
sund / nise pllutin噪音污染
water pllutin水污染
magnlia trees白玉兰
be knwn/ famus as被作为…知晓
pllutin fighters抗污染的战士
fighters against pllutin
prduce harmful gas产生有害气体
pass infrmatin t ne anther / each ther相互之间传递信息
cllect sth. fr为…收集某物
a class prject n pllutin 在污染方面的课题
be interested in在…方面有兴趣
living things n the earth地球上的生物
make streets mre beautiful and less nisy
使街道更漂亮少些吵闹
n the end f …在…的末端
enjy breathing pure cl air喜欢呼吸纯净凉爽的空气
What else…？还有什么…？
thank sb。 fr …为…感谢某人
natural air cnditiners天然空调
take harmful gas frm the air从空气中带走有害气体
release xygen int the air把氧气释放进空气
ne and a half hectares f trees1.5公顷的树
prduce enugh xygen t keep the whle class alive and healthy
产生足够的氧气来使整个班级有活力且健康
as well as也，还
almst all day几乎一整天
fr example例如
attack a tree袭击一棵树
warn sb。 abut sth.警告某人关于某事
warn sb。 （nt） t d sth.警告某人（不）要做某事
prtect sb. by ding sth。通过做某事来保护某人
prtect sb. frm /against ding sth. 保护某人远离…的危害
make sth。 taste nasty使某物尝起来很难吃
cmmunicate with ne anther相互交流
be in danger处于危险
cut dwn砍倒，砍伐
take away拿走
let ut放走，释放
get sth。 frm…从…得到某物
take part in a tree-planting campaign参加植树运动
stp using plastic bags fr shpping.停止使用塑料购物袋
stp sb。 frm ding sth.阻止…做某事
in rder f imprtance按照重要性的顺序
dig hles in the grund在地上挖洞
water the plants给植物浇水
prvide sb. with sth。 给某人提供某物
prvide sth. fr sb。
reduce sund / nise pllutin减轻噪音污染
add beauty t cities美化城市
wash away冲走
material fr sth.某物的材料
ingredients fr sth。某物的成分
cure illness治疗疾病
half f sth。某物的一半
Trees fr Life生命之树组织
take care f…照顾…
prtect ur envirnment保护我们的环境
in the next ten years在接下来的十年里
in the past / last 200 years在过去的200年里
send sb. an e-mail at …就…地址给某人发电子邮件
have lts f fun有许多乐趣
模块四
重点句型清单
搜集有关污染的课题资料cllect sme facts fr a prject n pllutin
在…的末端n the end f
活着的生命living things
使它们尝起来很难吃make them taste nasty
破坏我们最好的环境卫士destry ur best fighters against pllutin
将…连在一起jin…tgether
完整一年a whle year
天然空调natural air cnditiners
提醒它的邻居warn its neighbrs
喜欢呼吸纯净、清爽的空气enjy breathing pure cl air
11. in the end最后（可用于将来时）
at the end f 在…末（可指时间或空间）
by the end f（到…为止）（用于时间）
n the end f在…的末端上
模块五
重点知识清单
1．n the end f…在……的末端
Have yu ever nticed the rubber n the end f a pencil? 你有注意过铅笔末端的那个橡皮头吗？
【拓展】
in the end 最后（可用于将来时）
at the end f 在……末（可指时间或空间）
by the end f 到……为止（用于时间）
n the end f 在……末端上
2．thank…fr… 为……而感谢……
He thanked her fr the gift. 他感谢她的礼物。
The manager thanked her crew fr being s cperative.
经理感谢她的同事们如此通力合作。
【拓展】thanks t 多亏，由于= due t=because f
3．take…frm…从……中拿出…
When peple take trees frm the frests, have they ever thught abut planting mre?
当人们从森林中取走树木的时候，他们有想过要种更多的树木吗？
4．as well as 也，还
He as well as his sisters, is ging t Canada. 他和他的姐妹们将要去加拿大。
She is clever as well as beautiful. 她不仅聪明，而且漂亮。
Penguins can swim under the water as well as n the tp f it. 企鹅不但能在水里游，而且能在水上游。
【辨析】as well as, nt nly … but als, bth … and…
as well as, nt nly … but als, bth … and… 都用于连接两个相同的语法部分。
(1) as well as 强调的是两个相同语法部分的前者。
He can play vilin as well as guitar. 他既能拉小提琴，也能弹吉他。（强调会小提琴）
(2) nt nly … but als … 强调的是两个相同语法部分的后者。
He can play nt nly vilin but als guitar.他不仅能拉小提琴,也能弹吉他。（强调会吉他）
(3) bth … and … 前后两个语法部分都注重。
He can play bth vilin and guitar. 他能演奏小提琴和吉他。（不分前后一样重要）
【拓展】as well 也;又(置于句末) （考纲短语）
She sings beautifully, and she can dance as well.她歌唱得好,舞也跳得好。
It is wnderful playing sprts in this club and I have made lts f friends as well.
在这个俱乐部里,我既开心地做运动,又交了很多朋友。
Miss Wu is ur class teacher and ur friend as well.
= Miss Wu is nt nly ur class teacher but als ur friend.
吴小姐不仅是我们的老师,而且是我们的朋友。
5．cmmunicate with ne anther 相互联系，相互沟通
Nwadays, peple usually cmmunicate with each ther thrugh the Internet.
如今，人们常常通过因特网相互联系。
【辨析】ne anther, each ther（考纲短语）
一般来说，
① 在表示两个人之间的相互关系时用each ther，
② 表示两人以上的相互关系时用ne anther，但在实际运用时两者皆可。
Students shuld help each ther. 学生们应当相互帮助。
Students share their ideas freely with ne anther. 学生们可以自由地交换他们的想法。
6．in danger 处于危险中
He is in danger, please infrm him as sn as pssible. 他处于危险之中，请尽快通知他。
The peple in the burning huse are in danger. 房子着火了，里面的人正处于危险中。
【拓展】danger n. dangerus adj.
近义：in truble 反义：ut f danger
7．What else…？ 还有什么……？
What else d yu want t buy? 你还想买些什么？
【拓展】else的其它用法，smething else/smebdy else/anyne else/everyne else

8．They make streets mre beautiful and less nisy.
“mre”和“less”用于多音节和一些双音节形容词和副词之前。“mre”表示“更加”，“less”表示“不如，较差”。
Jane is less beautiful than Susan. 珍妮没有苏珊漂亮。
Susan’s mre beautiful than Jane. 苏珊比珍妮更漂亮。
9．And, I suppse yu als enjy breathing pure, cl air.
enjy ding意为“喜欢做……事，享受做……事的乐趣”。
I enjy reading bks at hme n Sundays. 周日我喜欢在家看书。
【拓展】表达喜欢的动词及词组：be keen n ding/ be fnd f ding/like ding/ lve ding
= be interested in ding
10．… prduce enugh xygen t keep yur whle class alive and healthy fr a whle year.
enugh的用法
(1) enugh+ n. +t d
I have enugh time t finish the wrk.我有足够的时间来完成这份工作。
(2) adj. /adv. +enugh+ t d
It's warm enugh t swim. 天气足够暖和，可以游泳。
He didn't run fast enugh t catch the train. 他跑得不够快，没有赶上火车。
【易错点拨】enugh位置：enugh+n., adj./adv.+enugh
模块六
重点语法清单
现在完成时
一. 表达地含义:
1. 表示动作正在发生或进行
It is raining nw.
2. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作,但说话时该动作不一定正在进行.
I am reading a play by Shaw.
3. 表示最近将计划发生的动作
I’m meeting Peter tnight. He is taking me t the theatre.
二. 结构: be (am, is, are) + ding
否定形式：be (am, is, are) + nt + ding
疑问句: Be (am, is, are) + 主语+ ding …?
三. 动词的现在分词的变化规则
1. 一般的动词后 + ing
pen---pening wrk---wrking
2. 以字母e结尾的名词, 去掉e再+ing
have---having lve---lving argue---arguing
3. 单音节动词中只有一个元音并以单辅音字母结尾时,则先双写辅音字母再加 ing.
run---running stp---stpping hit---hitting
两个或两个以上音节的动词，如果它的最后一个音节只含有一个元音而又以单一辅音字母结尾，重音又落在这个音节上，就要双写该辅音字母，再+ ing.
begin---beginning prefer---preferring
4. 辅音字母＋ ie结尾，去y，再＋ing
lie---lying die---dying tie---tying
模块七
书面表达清单
Write a letter f at least 60 wrds n the tpic “T Be A Green Cnsumer”（写一篇题为“做一个环保消费者”的作文，不少于60词）
Use the fllwing pints as a reference(以下提示仅供参考）
1. What d yu think f the envirnment arund us?
2. Hw can we be a green cnsumer? (at least tw ways)
T Be A Green Cnsumer
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
模块八
重点知识讲练
一、单项选择
1．—Where is yur mther, Kim?
—She ________ Hangzhu. She’ll cme back this weekend.
A．ges tB．has gne tC．will g tD．has been t
2．Mr. Wang __________ many letters t his friends since 2012.
A．wrteB．writesC．has writtenD．will write
3．We ________ the cmputer fr yu. Yu can use it nw.
A．will fixB．have fixedC．are fixingD．fixed
4．William ________ six bks, and all f them are bestsellers.
A．will writeB．is writingC．has writtenD．writes
5．Li Ming ________ the bk fr many years since he ________ it as a prize in the cmpetitin.
A．kept; gtB．has kept; has gtC．has kept; getD．has kept; gt
6．—Have yu ever _________ any ther cuntry befre?
—Yes. I _________ Australia last year. I’ve stayed there fr tw weeks.
A．been t; gne tB．been t; went t
C．gne t; been tD．gne t; went t
7．The Harry Ptter bks ________ pretty ppular since they were published.
A．becmeB．will becme
C．have becmeD．are becming
8．—I’m terribly srry fr being late.
—N wrries.The film ________ fr just a few minutes.
A．has begunB．has finishedC．has been nD．has been ver
9．Ben ________ at least twenty letters t his mther since he jined the army last year.
A．writeB．wrte
C．will writeD．has written
10．Dad, I _________ ding my hmewrk. Can I g ut and play with my friends nw?
A．finishB．have finishedC．am finishingD．will finish
11．As an exchange student, Alan ________ Shijiazhuang fr ne and a half years.
A．has been tB．has been inC．has gne tD．has been
12．Thanks t the use f 5G technlgy, ways f cmmunicatin ________ a lt.
A．imprvesB．has imprvedC．have imprvedD．imprved
13．Betty here fr 10 years, s she knws well abut her neighburhd.
A．has livedB．will liveC．livedD．was living
14．Our cuntry ________ a lt s far. I hpe it will be even ________.
A．has changed; wellB．changed; gd
C．has changed; betterD．is changing; gd
15．—Where have yu ________ these days?
—I have ________ t Dalian with my family.
A．been; gneB．been; beenC．gne; beenD．gne; gne
16．Jhn’s grandmther ________ fr tw years.
A．diedB．is dyingC．has diedD．has been dead
17．The stry must be perfect. My sister ________ it fur times.
A．readsB．is readingC．has readD．was reading
18．—When _________ yur dad _________ this car?
—In 2013. He _________ this car fr ten years. He lves it very much.
A．has; bught; has hadB．has; bught; has bught
C．did; buy; has bughtD．did; buy; has had
19．Adam didn’t jin in the summer camp t Australia this time because he ________ there befre.
A．has beenB．had beenC．wasD．had gne
20．—What great prgress Huawei _________ in recent years!
—N wnder it is widely knwn in all parts f the wrld.
A．is havingB．will haveC．has hadD．have
二、阅读理解
Smg (雾霾) is a kind f air pllutin. It makes the sky lk grey and dirty, and its air pllutants cme frm many kinds f natural and man-made surces.
Smg is a big prblem fr ur daily life. In smg weather, many peple chse t wear masks when they g ut. And just because f smg weather, many traffic accidents have happened, many flights are stpped, a lt f peple have t g t see the dctr.
Peple nw see the great danger f the smg and the imprtance f caring the envirnment. Peple all ver the cuntry are taking actins. First f all, the laws (法律) must be carried ut (实施) strictly. Secndly, it will be better fr peple t g t wrk r schl with public traffic, such as the bus and subway instead f the car. What’s mre, we shuld plant mre trees.
21．What is smg?
A．A kind f water pllutin.B．A kind f land pllutin.
C．A kind f nise pllutin.D．A kind f air pllutin.
22．In smg weather, what d many peple chse t wear?
A．Masks.B．Sweater.C．Jackets.D．Hats.
23．In smg weather, what may happen?
A．Nbdy ges t the hspital.
B．There are mre peple exercising in the park.
C．There are mre traffic accidents n the rad.
D．A lt f peple g ut fr a walk because they think the air is dangerus.
24．What can we d t d with smg?
A．Try nt t use public traffic.B．Carry ut the laws strictly.
C．Plant fewer trees.D．Dn’t wear masks when it is smg.
25．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is NOT true?
A．Smg makes the sky lk terrible.
B．It tells us tw ways t prtect the envirnment.
C．Taking public traffic is gd fr the envirnment.
D．We shuld plant mre trees t care ur envirnment.
三、完形填空
Blue whales are the biggest animals n earth. 26 f them can live fr mre than 80 years. But nw, 27 , many whales are dying frm ne thing: plastic (塑料).
Human beings use 28 plastic and the sea is plluted (污染的). When yu thrw plastic away, it will be there fr hundreds f years befre heavy rain finally washes it int the 29 .
Mst f the whales d nt knw the 30 f plastic. They think it is fd. But 31 , plastic is dangerus. Last year, a whale died 32 40 kilgrams f plastic in its stmach.
Wrse still, whales can 33 becme entangled (缠住) in plastic in the sea, such as waste fishing net s and rpes. It may make them lse their lives. They als have t 34 lts f energy swimming with thse heavy things.
It’s 35 fr us t prtect blue whales. Please stp using plastic if pssible!
26．A．MreB．AllC．FewD．Mst
27．A．mstlyB．happilyC．sadlyD．quickly
28．A．t muchB．t manyC．t littleD．t large
29．A．seaB．riversC．lakesD．hills
30．A．tasteB．dangerC．clurD．difference
31．A．in the endB．in publicC．in factD．in truble
32．A．abutB．withC．atD．in
33．A．angrilyB．nervuslyC．quietlyD．easily
34．A．takeB．spendC．cstD．pay
35．A．kindB．interestingC．imprtantD．smart
四、书面表达
36．Write at least 60 wrds n the tpic “Fight against air pllutin”, using the fllwing suggested questins fr reference.（请根据提示问题，以“治理空气污染”为题，写一篇短文，不少于60个词，标点符号不占格）
Suggested questins:
（1） What is air pllutin in yur mind?
（2） What can we d t fight against air pllutin?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1.average
[ˈævərɪdʒ]
adj.
平均的
2.item
[ˈaɪtəm]
n.
一件物品
3.prduct
[ˈprɒdʌkt]
n.
产品
4.prduce
[prəˈdjuːs , ˈprɒdjuːs]
v.
产生；生产
5.gas
[ɡæs]
n.
气体
6.fighter
[ˈfaɪtə(r)]
n.
斗士；战士
7.fact
[fækt]
n.
事实
8.scientist
[ˈsaɪəntɪst]
n.
科学家
9.interested
[ˈɪntrəstɪd]
adj.
感兴趣的
10.ntebk
['nəʊtbʊk]
n.
笔记本
11.suppse
[sə'pəʊz]
v.
(根据所知)认为，推断，料想
12.breathe
[bri:ð]
v.
呼吸
13.pure
[pjʊə(r)]
adj.
纯净的
14.release
[rɪ'li:s]
v.
释放；放出
15.xygen
['ɒksɪdʒən]
n.
氧；氧气
16.hectare
[ˈhekteə(r)]
n.
公顷
17.alive
[ə'laɪv]
adj.
活着；在世
18.natural
[ˈnætʃərəl]
adj.
自然的；天然的
19.warn
[wɔ:n]
v.
使警惕；警告
20.prtect
[prəˈtekt]
v.
保护
21.chemical
[ˈkemɪkl]
n.
化学物质 化学品
22.nasty
['nɑ:stɪ]
adj.
令人厌恶的；令人不悦的
23.jin
[dʒɒɪn]
v.
连接；加入
24.cmmunicate
[kə'mju:nɪkeɪt]
v.
交流信息；沟通
25.burn
[bɜ:n]
v.
(使)烧毁；烧死
26.replace
[rɪ'pleɪs]
v.
替换；取代
27.hardly
[ˈhɑ:dlɪ]
adv.
几乎不
28.destry
[dɪ'strɒɪ]
v.
摧毁；毁灭
29.exchange
[ɪks'tʃeɪndʒ]
v.
交流
30.nature
['neɪtʃə(r)]
n.
自然界；大自然
31.main
[meɪn]
adj.
主要的；最重要的
32.lrry
[ˈlɒrɪ]
n.
卡车