辽宁省阜新市育才教育集团2024-2025学年高二下学期开学考试英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份辽宁省阜新市育才教育集团2024-2025学年高二下学期开学考试英语试卷（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了 5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力 (略)
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Future f Museums: Educatin Prgrammes
Museums have lng enjyed a fruitful relatinship with primary and secndary schls, wrking with the educatin department t develp engaging cntent and vital resurces. An event called The Future f Museums: Educatin Prgrammes that will be held frm Mnday t Thursday next mnth lks at the current landscape fr schl prgrammes, and explres hw museums might adapt their prgrammes int the future. It’s August nw, and the event is cming sn. The prgramme includes grup discussins, case studies and practice-led presentatins n a diverse range f issues.
Event fees
VIP Member — £35
Ordinary Member — £45
Nn-member — £65
Nt a member? Jin tday and pay a discunted price fr this event as well as receiving lts f ther great benefits.
Imprtant bking infrmatin
Please sign in and check the email address n yur prfile befre bking. Yur cnfirmatin and jining instructin emails will g t the email address yu use t enter the website.
If yu create a new recrd with a different email address, yur membership will nt be recgnized and yu will be charged the incrrect fee. Yu can check and change yur email address befre bking.
Hw attending this event helps yur prfessinal develpment
The Future f Museums: Educatin Prgrammes primarily relates t the develping self and thers, the ability areas f sustaining (维持) partnerships. It clearly shws different areas f ability and levels within thse areas, which yu shuld be aiming t achieve thrughut yur wrk. Our event will help yu target yur learning and create fcus in the event. Finally, yu will find that attending the event helps yur prfessinal develpment.
1. What is the right time fr attending the event?
A. Tues. 26 August.B. Wed. 27 August.
C. Thur. 26 September.D. Fri. 27 September.
2. Hw much will a cuple wh aren’t members pay fr the event?
A. £35.B. £45.C. £65.D. £130.
3. What can the participants gain frm the event?
A. The way f earning mre mney.B. The supprt f their career develpment.
C. The sense f achievement in their wrk.D. The strategy f starting a partnership.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章介绍了一个名为“博物馆的未来：教育计划”的活动。该活动将审视学校计划的现状，并探讨博物馆如何调整其计划以适应未来。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“An event called The Future f Museums: Educatin Prgrammes that will be held frm Mnday t Thursday next mnth lks at the current landscape fr schl prgrammes, and explres hw museums might adapt their prgrammes int the future. It’s August nw, and the event is cming sn.(一个名为“博物馆的未来：教育计划”的活动将于下个月的周一至周四举行，该活动将审视学校计划的现状，并探讨博物馆如何调整其计划以适应未来。现在是八月，活动很快就要开始了)”可知，参加活动的合适时间为九月26，星期四，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Event fees部分的“VIP Member — £35 Ordinary Member — £45 Nn-member — £65 (VIP会员——£35 普通会员——£45 非会员——£65 )”可知，不是会员的一对夫妇需要支付£65*2=£130。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Our event will help yu target yur learning and create fcus in the event. Finally, yu will find that attending the event helps yur prfessinal develpment.( 我们的活动将帮助您有针对性地学习，并在活动中建立重点。最后，你会发现参加活动有助于你的职业发展)”可知，参与者从活动中可以获得事业发展的支持。故选B。
B
They said it culdn’t be dne. They said he was crazy. They said he wuld never make it.
But Duane Hansen and his beautiful pumpkin, which he named Berta, prved them all wrng. Like Cinderella’s fairy gdmther, this Nebraska man prved that yu really can turn a pumpkin int a functinal vehicle — in this case, a seawrthy vessel(船).
Yes, yu read that right. Hansen wanted t celebrate his 60th birthday by hllwing ut his prized 846-pund pumpkin and sailing dwn the Missuri River inside it. Nt nly did Hansen enjy a pumpkin sail n his special day, but his 38-mile jurney als landed him a wrld recrd! In case yu wndered, the previus wrld recrd fr the lngest sail in a pumpkin was 25 miles, set by a Nrth Dakta man in 2018.
It wasn’t an easy jurney. Grwing a pumpkin big enugh t use as a bat is already a challenge. Then, there was his chsen waterway. The city f Bellevue, Nebraska, psted a phtgragh f Hansen n the water that ffers a reminder f just hw big the Missuri River is.
“He has always said that yu can d anything yu want and I’m just s prud,” Hansen’s daughter Mrgan Buchhlz said.
Hansen reprtedly spent nearly a decade trying t grw a pumpkin big enugh t wrk as a sailing vessel. He was inspired t begin his missin after meeting a wman wh had previusly wn “the Biggest Pumpkin Cmpetitin”. He asked her many questins abut her experience.
As fr his pumpkin-sailing future, “I’m dne with this.” Hansen said that the vyage made his knees ache. The wake (尾流) frm bats was rugh, and when they passed, he said he had t stp everything and just hang n. “If smebdy breaks this recrd, I will, like, bw dwn t them because they are tugh,” he said.
4. Why did Hansen g n a pumpkin jurney?
A. T bserve his birthday.B. T shw his prized pumpkin.
C. T break a wrld recrd.D. T prve pumpkin culd be a vessel.
5. What did Hansen d t make his jurney pssible?
A. He chse a calm waterway.
B. He talked with the previus recrd hlder.
C. He cnvinced his family t supprt his plan.
D. He wrked a lng time t grw the pumpkin.
6. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. His knees gt seriusly injured in the sailing.
B. His vessel turned ver in the wake frm bats.
C. Hansen will respect whever breaks his recrd.
D. Hansen will cntinue the pumpkin-sailing in future.
7. What des Hansen’s stry tell us?
A. It is never t ld t learn.
B. Time and tide wait fr n man.
C. Where there’s a will, there’s a way.
D. Fear always springs frm ignrance
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. C
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了汉森用南瓜作为工具完成了旅行，打破了记录，完成别人认为不可能的事情，生动诠释“有志者，事竟成”。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Hansen wanted t celebrate his 60th birthday by hllwing ut his prized 846-pund pumpkin and sailing dwn the Missuri River inside it.( 汉森为了庆祝他的60岁生日，他掏空了他珍贵的846磅重的南瓜，然后沿着密苏里河流而下。)”可知，汉森进行南瓜之旅是为了庆祝他的生日。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“It wasn’t an easy jurney. Grwing a pumpkin big enugh t use as a bat is already a challenge. ( 这不是一段轻松的旅程。培育一个大到可以用作船的南瓜已经是一个挑战。)”和倒数第二段的“Hansen reprtedly spent nearly a decade trying t grw a pumpkin big enugh t wrk as a sailing vessel.( 据报道，汉森花了近十年的时间，试图种植一个足够大的南瓜，以作为一艘帆船。)”可知，为了进行他的旅行，汉森花了很长时间来种植南瓜。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“‘If smebdy breaks this recrd, I will, like, bw dwn t them because they are tugh,’he said.(他说：“如果有人打破了这个记录，我愿意向他们低头，因为他们很坚强。”)”可推断，汉森尊重打破他记录的任何人。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“They said it culdn’t be dne. They said he was crazy. They said he wuld never make it.(他们说这是不可能的。他们说他疯了。他们说他不会成功的。)”，第二段“But Duane Hansen and his beautiful pumpkin, which he named Berta, prved them all wrng. Like Cinderella’s fairy gdmther, this Nebraska man prved that yu really can turn a pumpkin int a functinal vehicle — in this case, a seawrthy vessel(船).(但杜安·汉森和他的漂亮南瓜——他给它起名为波塔——证明了他们都错了。就像灰姑娘的仙女教母一样，这位内布拉斯加州的男子证明了你真的可以把南瓜变成一种实用的交通工具——在这种情况下，一艘适航的船只。)”，第四段“It wasn’t an easy jurney. Grwing a pumpkin big enugh t use as a bat is already a challenge. (这不是一段轻松的旅程。培育一个大到可以用作船的南瓜已经是一个挑战。)”以及下文内容可知，汉森用南瓜作为工具完成了他的旅行，完成别人认为不可能的事情，因此推断他的故事告诉我们“有志者，事竟成”。故选C。
C
T study the behavir f mysterius animals, scientists rutinely fix them with GPS lcatin trackers. But such devices’ battery capacity limits hw lng they perate, ften bringing an early end t vital cnservatin wrk.
Slar-pwered trackers break easily, making them a pr chice fr devices tied t larger mammals—and they dn’t wrk fr ncturnal (夜行的) creatures. S bilgist Rasmus Wrse Havmller f the University f Cpenhagen and his clleagues turned t anther abundant pwer surce: kinetic energy (动能) generated by an animal’s mvements.
Their kinetic tracker, which Havmller’s team recently tested n dmestic dgs, a wild small hrse and a Eurpean bisn, culd theretically survive fr the entire life span f an active animal. It is als lighter and cheaper t make than its battery-pwered cunterparts.
“The design is clever and exciting,” says Mark Hebblewhite, a habitat eclgist at the University f Mntana, wh was nt invlved with the new wrk. The prf-f-cncept kinetic tracker wrks by means f a magnetic pendulum (磁摆) that swings arund a cpper cil, generating electricity as the tagged animal mves. The dgs and bisn in the study were active enugh t create the energy t transmit ne lcatin per day fr 14 days and 17 days, respectively. One f the wild hrse’s trackers lasted at least 146 days but didn’t generate adequate pwer fr daily transmissins, the researchers reprted in PLS ONE.
“The limited pwer generated by the animals’ mvements means the technlgy isn’t ready fr prime time just yet,” says eclgist Emily Studd f British Clumbia’s Thmpsn Rivers University, wh wasn’t invlved in the study. When the researchers want t mnitr animals clsely, they ften need GPS fixes mre than nce a day. But Studd says that “with a bit mre develpment, this culd be a game changer fr wildlife animal research and mnitring”.
Havmller and his clleagues hpe cnservatin wrkers can ne day use this technlgy t track species such as tigers, lepards and wlves, which can easily destry slar-pwered trackers and which hunt and travel at night.
8. What is the main prblem with current GPS lcatin trackers used in cnservatin wrk?
A. Their batteries are harmful t animals.B. Their battery life is limited.
C. They send weak signals.D. They break easily.
9. What is the main limitatin f the kinetic tracker technlgy?
A. It is expensive t make.
B. It isn’t suitable fr larger mammals.
C. It desn’t wrk fr ncturnal creatures.
D. It can’t prduce enugh pwer fr daily transmissins.
10. What des Emily Studd think f the kinetic tracker technlgy?
A. It needs imprvement.B. It can be widely used nw.
C. It has reached its prime time.D. It isn’t gd fr mnitring wildlife.
11. What’s the best title fr the text?
A. The Imprtance f Wildlife Trackers
B. The Meaning f Mnitring Different Wild Animals
C. Tugh New Wildlife Tracker Runs n Animal Pwer
D. Cnservatin Wrkers Use New Methds t Prtect Animals
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍的是为解决研究神秘动物所需要的GPS定位器存在的电量不足的问题，哥本哈根大学的生物学家Rasmus Wrse Havmller和他的同事们所开发的一种利用动物运动产生动能的技术。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But such devices’ battery capacity limits hw lng they perate, ften bringing an early end t vital cnservatin wrk. (但这类设备的电池容量限制了它们的运行时间，往往会导致至关重要的保护工作提前结束。)”可知，GPS定位器的电池容量限制了它们运行的时间，导致关键的保护工作提前结束，由此可知，目前用于保护工作的GPS定位器的主要问题是它们的电池寿命有限。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“One f the wild hrse’s trackers lasted at least 146 days but didn’t generate adequate pwer fr daily transmissins, the researchers reprted in PLS ONE.(研究人员在PLOS One上报告说，其中一匹野马的追踪器持续了至少146天，但没有产生足够的能量来进行日常传输。)”可知，动能追踪器没有产生足够的能量来进行日常传输，所以，其局限性在于它没有足够的能量来进行日常传输。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的““The limited pwer generated by the animals’ mvements means the technlgy isn’t ready fr prime time just yet,” says eclgist Emily Studd f British Clumbia’s Thmpsn Rivers University, wh wasn’t invlved in the study.(“动物运动产生的能量有限，这意味着这项技术还没有准备好进入黄金时期，”不列颠哥伦比亚省汤普森河大学的生态学家艾米丽·斯塔德说，她没有参与这项研究。)”可知，动物运动产生的能量有限，意为着这项技术仍需改进，结合下文中的“But Studd says that “with a bit mre develpment, this culd be a game changer fr wildlife animal research and mnitring”.(但是Studd说，“随着更多的发展，这可能会改变野生动物研究和监测的游戏规则”。)”可知，Studd认为在这项技术得到改进后有助于野生动物的研究和监测，由此可知，Studd认为该项技术仍需改进。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“T study the behavir f mysterius animals, scientists rutinely fix them with GPS lcatin trackers. But such devices’ battery capacity limits hw lng they perate, ften bringing an early end t vital cnservatin wrk.()”可知，为研究 神秘动物的行为，科学家们使用的GPS定位器由于电池容量有限导致关键工作提前结束，结合第二段中的“S bilgist Rasmus Wrse Havmller f the University f Cpenhagen and his clleagues turned t anther abundant pwer surce: kinetic energy (动能) generated by an animal’s mvements.(因此，哥本哈根大学的生物学家Rasmus Wrse Havmller和他的同事们转向了另一种丰富的能量来源：动物运动产生的动能。)”可知，为解决GPS定位器的电池问题，哥本哈根大学的生物学家Rasmus Wrse Havmller和他的同事们利用动物运动产生的动能来解决能量来源问题，结合下文中介绍的该项技术的优势和现在存在的问题可知，本文主要介绍的是为解决研究神秘动物所需要的GPS定位器存在的电量不足的问题，哥本哈根大学的生物学家Rasmus Wrse Havmller和他的同事们所开发的一种利用动物运动产生的动能的技术，所以标题“强悍的新型野生动物追踪器依靠动物动力运行”概括了本文的主题，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选C项。
D
When yu hear the wrd “uncertainty”, hw d yu feel? Scared, anxius, excited r challenged? With many glbal challenges still nging, we are likely t face even mre f the unknwn, s we had better get accustmed t managing it.
S hw d we detect uncertainty and which part f the brain is respnsible fr it? Researchers have fund that nradrenaline (去甲肾上腺素) is the key chemical invlved in ur respnse t uncertainty.
T investigate the rle nradrenaline plays when we are faced with uncertain events, scientists at Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy cnducted an experiment with mice. The animals were trained t push a lever (杠杆) dwn when they heard a high frequency nise. If they did this, they were rewarded with a drink f water. They were als trained t learn that they’d receive an unpleasant puff f air if the lever was activated when a lw frequency nise was played. But the researchers added in an element f uncertainty by including a sund where the frequency was unclear.
Frm this experiment, the researchers discvered that a small part in the brain called the lcus ceruleus — an area that mdulates nradrenaline — was essential in detecting uncertainty. When the high frequency was clear and the reward was expected fr the mice, their nradrenaline release was small. But when the utcme wasn’t clear, and the reward was a surprise, the release was much larger. This was hw the mice’s brains learned t deal with uncertainty.
A study with humans was als carried ut. They discvered that the subjects’ neurns (神经元) in the prefrntal crtex (前额叶皮质) respnd much mre t lss than t gain. Namely, this area rules ur avidance behaviur when we are under stress. This helps us understand ur unwillingness t expse urselves t uncertainty.
Once we understand that ur cgnitive and emtinal respnses t uncertainty are a necessary part f the human experience. Acknwledge instead f fear them, perhaps making big decisins can seem less stressful.
12. What is the uncertainty in the experiment with mice?
A. The high frequency nise.B. A drink f water as a reward.
C. The actin t push a lever dwn.D. The nise with unclear frequency.
13. What des the underlined wrd “mdulates” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Remves.B. Adjusts.C. Lessens.D. Bsts.
14. Hw des the prefrntal crtex influence ur chices when we’re stressed?
A. By seeking rewarding utcme.B. By maintaining balance.
C. By aviding negative utcme.D. By reducing uncertainty.
15. What des the authr want t tell us in the text?
A. Respnses t uncertainty cme naturally.
B. Uncertainty gives birth t ptential risks.
C. Experiments can predict expected utcmes.
D. Nradrenaline tends t result frm uncertainty.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人面临不确定时会变得紧张焦虑的生理过程和有关检测不确定性的研究。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“But the researchers added in an element f uncertainty by including a sund where the frequency was unclear.(但研究人员通过在频率不清楚的地方加入声音，增加了不确定性。)”可知，老鼠实验中的不确定性是频率不明确的声音。故选D。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中“When the high frequency was clear and the reward was expected fr the mice, their nradrenaline release was small. But when the utcme wasn’t clear, and the reward was a surprise, the release was much larger. This was hw the mice’s brains learned t deal with uncertainty.(当高频信号清晰时，老鼠的去甲肾上腺素释放量很小。但当结果不明确，奖励是一个惊喜时，释放量要大得多。这就是老鼠大脑学会处理不确定性的方式。)”可知，高频噪音出现，小鼠预期会得到奖励时，它们释放很少去甲肾上腺素。但当结果不明确，奖励是一个惊喜时，它们释放大量去甲肾上腺素。所以lcus ceruleus在不断调节去甲肾上腺素。故划线词与B选项“Adjusts(调节)”为同义词。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“They discvered that the subjects’ neurns (神经元) in the prefrntal crtex (前额叶皮质) respnd much mre t lss than t gain. Namely, this area rules ur avidance behaviur when we are under stress. This helps us understand ur unwillingness t expse urselves t uncertainty.(他们发现，受试者前额叶皮层的神经元对损失的反应要比对获得的反应强烈得多。也就是说，当我们处于压力之下时，这个区域控制着我们的逃避行为。这有助于我们理解我们不愿意将自己暴露在不确定性中。)”可知，前额皮质中的神经元对失败的反应远远大于对回报的反应，这个区域支配着人在压力下的回避行为，即当我们感到压力时，前额皮质会通过避免负面结果影响我们的选择。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Once we understand that ur cgnitive and emtinal respnses t uncertainty are a necessary part f the human experience. Acknwledge instead f fear them, perhaps making big decisins can seem less stressful.(一旦我们明白我们对不确定性的认知和情感反应是人类经历的必要组成部分。承认它们而不是害怕它们，也许做出重大决定会显得不那么有压力。)”可知，文章告诉我们：当面对不确定时，人的一系列反应都是身体自然的反应过程。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t stp prcrastinating (拖延) and make a start
Prcrastinating is as much abut fear as it is abut mtivatin. Perhaps yu have avided paying bill, utlining a prpsal r asking smene ut. ____16____ Frtunately, here are fur tips t get yu mving again.
Little steps fr big tasks.
Mst prcrastinatrs tell themselves, “I’ll wait until I’m in the md.” Let’s face it; yu’re never ging t feel like balancing yur cheque-bk r cleaning up the mess n yur desk. These are bring, unpleasant tasks. ____17____ One way t d this is t break yur jb int steps that can be accmplished bit by bit.
____18____
Thse wh prcrastinate ften assume that successful peple achieve their gals withut frustratin, self-dubt and failure. This is unrealistic. Highly prductive peple knw that life is frustrating. They assume they’ll encunter bstacles; when they d, they persevere until they vercme them.
Tune ut negative thughts.
When yu’re aviding a task, it may be because yu’re feeding yurself unrealistic, negative messages. ____19____ Once yu change yur negative thughts, energy returns.
Give yurself credit.
____20____ But if yu never allw yurself t feel satisfied with yur effrts, yu’ll sn find it pintless t try. S, n matter hw small the achievement is, give yurself credit. Then yu can tackle yur tughest task.
Hwever, if yu are sure that there are gd reasns why yu avid ding smething, yu may need t re-evaluate yur gals.
A. Never give up.
B. Expect difficulties.
C. Smetimes yu simply have t get yurself ging.
D. We usually think f rewards as cming frm the utside.
E. By writing them dwn, yu have a chance f ridding them.
F. Be here nw, and dn’t wrry abut things yu have t d in the future.
G. Whatever the thing, putting it ff ften becmes a bigger prblem than actually ding it.
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. B 19. E 20. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍如何停止拖延症并开始采取行动。
【16题详解】
首段为总起段，功能为引入话题。由空前一句话“Prcrastinating is as much abut fear as it is abut mtivatin. Perhaps yu have avided paying bill, utlining a prpsal r asking smene ut.(拖延与动机有关，也与恐惧有关。也许你们避免了付账单，也避免了提出建议或约人出去。)”可知，这里列举了有拖延症的人可能会出现的行为，而G项Whatever the thing, putting it ff ften becmes a bigger prblem than actually ding it.(不管是什么事情，拖延往往会比实际做更大的问题。)符合语境，其 putting it ff 与上文Prcrastinating对应，且引出下文的解决方案，有承上启下作用。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据本段的小标题“Little steps fr big tasks (大事化小)”可知，本段的内容围绕把一个整体任务拆分为若干步骤来完成展开，由空前“Mst prcrastinatrs tell themselves, ‘I’ll wait until I’m in the md.’ Let’s face it; yu’re never ging t feel like balancing yur cheque-bk r cleaning up the mess n yur desk. These are bring, unpleasant tasks.(大多数拖延者告诉自己，“我会等到我有心情的时候。”让我们面对现实吧；你永远不会想平衡你的支票簿或收拾你桌子上的烂摊子。这些都是枯燥乏味的任务。)”可知，这里通过举例子的方式来告诉读者，“等有心情的时候再做”是不会实现的，因为这些都是很无聊的、不令人愉悦的任务，而C项Smetimes yu simply have t get yurself ging.(有时你只需要让自己做起来。)符合语境，有承上作用，且其中get yurself ging与后文this对应，也有启下作用。故选C项。
【18题详解】
空格处为段落小标题。根据段落内容“Thse wh prcrastinate ften assume that successful peple achieve their gals withut frustratin, self-dubt and failure. This is unrealistic. Highly prductive peple knw that life is frustrating. They assume they’ll encunter bstacles; when they d, they persevere until they vercme them. (那些拖延的人往往认为成功的人在没有挫折、自我怀疑和失败的情况下实现了他们的目标。这是不现实的。高效的人知道生活是令人沮丧的。他们认为自己会遇到障碍；当他们做到这一点时，他们会坚持不懈，直到克服它们。)”可知，本段主要讲有拖延症的人通常认为那些成功的人在达到目标的过程中是没有挫折、自我怀疑和失败的。而文章进一步告诉读者这是不现实的。所以B项Expect difficulties.(期待困难)符合语境，对本段有总括作用。故选B项。
【19题详解】
根据本段的小标题“Tune ut negative thughts (排除消极的想法)”可知，本段的内容围绕避免负面思想对完成任务的干扰展开，第一句话“When yu’re aviding a task, it may be because yu’re feeding yurself unrealistic, negative messages. (当你逃避一项任务时，可能是因为你在给自己灌输不切实际的负面信息。)”可知，这里分析了不切实际的负面信息可能是你拖延的原因，因此推知本空应该解决这一问题的办法，而E项By writing them dwn, yu have a chance f ridding them. (把它们写下来，你就有机会摆脱它们。)符合语境，为处理负面思想的办法。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据本段的小标题“Give yurself credit (表扬自己)”可知，本段的内容围绕进行自我肯定展开。本空为段首句，空后有转折连词“but”，故需要根据后面的内容进行反推。由空后句子“But if yu never allw yurself t feel satisfied with yur effrts, yu’ll sn find it pintless t try. S, n matter hw small the achievement is, give yurself credit. Then yu can tackle yur tughest task(但是，如果你从不让自己对自己的努力感到满意，你很快就会发现尝试毫无意义。所以，无论成就有多小，都要相信自己。然后你就可以完成最艰巨的任务)”可知，来自内在的肯定是对自己最大的奖励，所以D项We usually think f rewards as cming frm the utside (我们通常认为奖励来自外部)符合语境，与后文构成转折关系。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While taking a 20-hur train ride alng the edge f the Taklimakan Desert in nrthwestern China, I had the kind f humbling, educatinal, and abve all else, wnderful ____21____ with a lcal that all travelers lng fr. A yung Chinese man ____22____ me n the train. My ____23____ friend spke virtually n English, s I happily tk the ____24____ t practice my Chinese.
Over several hurs, he wuld tell me abut hw he had ____25____ a tw-year prfessinal schl t quickly find a jb ____26____ highways in rder t help supprt his family. Perhaps the mst ____27____, hwever, was the fact that this man spent hurs studying every day after hard physical labr. Withut batting an eye, he wuld ____28____ a translated Emersn passage befre asking abut the literary influence f American ____29____ as a whle. ”And what d yu all learn abut Russian authrs?” I ____30____ him asking at ne pint.
It wuld have been easy t ____31____ my assumptins abut this highway builder wh had never been mre than a few hundred miles frm hme. But this highly infrmed, ____32____ , and admirable persn prevented me ding s. In the curse f a cuple f hurs, he ____33____ me just hw much ne can gain frm ____34____ with an pen mind, and a willingness t ____35____ with lcals frm all walks f life.
21. A. experimentB. encunterC. cmpetitinD. appintment
22. A. treatedB. savedC. lecturedD. apprached
23. A. trueB. s-calledC. newD. lng-lst
24. A. chanceB. adviceC. trubleD. right
25. A. visitedB. financedC. attendedD. funded
26. A. buildingB. sweepingC. checkingD. guarding
27. A. typicalB. bviusC. naturalD. remarkable
28. A. publishB. quteC. сорyD. dwnlad
29. A. writersB. histriansC. wrkersD. students
30. A. anticipateB. imagineC. recallD. catch
31. A. lk intB. rely nC. g verD. deal with
32. A. well-behavedB. multi-skilledC. warm-heartedD. self-educated
33. A. askedB. warnedC. shwedD. prmised
34. A. travelingB. readingC. searchingD. teaching
35. A. cperateB. sideC. negtiateD. engage
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A. experiment实验；B. encunter邂逅；C. cmpetitin比赛；D. appintment任命。根据后文“with a lcal that all travelers lng fr”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. apprached靠近。根据后文“me n the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. s-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. lng-lst很久不见的。根据上文“A yung Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. chance机会；B. advice建议；C. truble麻烦；D. right权利。根据后文“t practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. funded成立。根据后文“a tw-year prfessinal schl”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in rder t help supprt his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。A. typical典型的；B. bvius显然的；C. natural自然的；D. remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hurs studying every day after hard physical labr.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. qute引用；C. cpy复制；D. dwnlad下载。根据后文“a translated Emersn passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. writers作者；B. histrians历史学家；C. wrkers工人；D. students学生。根据上文“a translated Emersn passage befre asking abut the literary influence f American”以及后文“And what d yu all learn abut Russian authrs?(你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at ne pint”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. lk int调查；B. rely n依靠；C. g ver复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptins abut this highway builder wh had never been mre than a few hundred miles frm hme”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hurs studying every day after hard physical labr.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked询问；B. warned警告；C. shwed展示；D. prmised承诺。根据后文“me just hw much ne can gain frm”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an pen mind, and a willingness t”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cperate合作；B. side边；C. negtiate协商；D. engage参与。根据后文“with lcals frm all walks f life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This year marks the 10th anniversary f the first public appearance f Crested Ibises(朱鹮) ____36____ (prduce) by the Shanghai Dance Theatre(SDT). The drama was inspired by China’s achievement in saving and prtecting the crested ibis, which is knwn ____37____ “bird f gd frtune” in Asian culture.
The crested ibis, with its icnic red crest and lng black beak, is believed t have existed fr 60 millin years and ____38____ (gradual) fund in China, n the Krean Peninsula, Japan and Russia until the 1960s. Bird cnservatinists list pesticides, fertilizers, hunting, envirnmental and eclgical reasns fr ____39____ (bring) the birds t the edge f extinctin.
The crested ibis was thught t be extinct in China until seven wild birds ____40____ (spt) in Yangxian Cunty in Nrthwest China’s Shaanxi Prvince in 1981, a discvery ____41____ caused captive breeding (圈养繁殖) and strengthened prtectin f the species. After mre than 40 years f cntinuus cnservatin, ____42____ is estimated that there are ver 11,000 crested ibises alive in 2024.
SDT intrduced the drama in 2014, and integrated Chinese flk dance and Western ballet. Traditinal Chinese dance ____43____ (characteristic) are used in upper bdy mvements, while ballet and Western dance elements feature in the ftwrk, which makes it a masterpiece receiving ____44____ (recgnize) bth hme and abrad.
“Fr what was lst in the past, let’s appeal t value the future frever,” SDT put it as the slgan in the prmtinal materials f the dance drama, reminding the public ______45______ (learn) frm the lessn f the crested ibis and prtect bth the envirnment and the ecsystem.
【答案】36. prduced 37. as 38. gradually 39. bringing 40. were sptted 41. which/that 42. it 43. characteristics 44. recgnitin 45. t learn
【语篇解读】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由上海舞蹈剧院制作的、将中国民间舞蹈和西方芭蕾结合在一起的剧目《朱鹮》，并介绍了朱鹮这种鸟类的相关信息，呼吁人们保护环境和生态系统。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：今年是上海舞蹈剧院（SDT）制作的《朱鹮》首次公开亮相十周年。该句谓语动词为marks，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰Crested Ibises，Crested Ibises和prduce为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填prduced。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：这部剧的灵感来自中国在拯救和保护朱鹮方面取得的成就，朱鹮在亚洲文化中被称为“吉祥鸟”。此处为固定短语be knwn as“被认为是，被称为”，所以此处为介词as的填入。故填as。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：朱鹮有着标志性的红色羽冠和长长的黑喙，据信已经存在了6000万年，直到20世纪60年代才逐渐在中国、朝鲜半岛、日本和俄罗斯被发现。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词gradually作状语修饰动词fund。故填gradually。
【39题详解】
考查动名词。句意：鸟类保护主义者列出了导致鸟类濒临灭绝的杀虫剂、化肥、狩猎、环境和生态原因。由空前fr为介词以及提示词bring为动词可知，此处为动名词形式作宾语成分。故填bringing。
【40题详解】
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：人们一直认为朱鹮在中国已经灭绝，直到1981年在中国西北部陕西省阳县发现了七只野生朱鹮，这一发现引起了圈养繁殖，加强了对该物种的保护。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据时间状语in 1981可知，此处为一般过去时，主语seven wild birds为复数名词和spt为被动关系，所以为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填were sptted。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：人们一直认为朱鹮在中国已经灭绝，直到1981年在中国西北部陕西省阳县发现了七只野生朱鹮，这一发现引起了圈养繁殖，加强了对该物种的保护。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词a discvery在从句中作主语成分，所以为关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：经过40多年的持续保护，估计到2024年，有超过11,000只朱鹮存活。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型it is estimated that…“据估计……”，其中it为形式主语，that从句作真正的主语。故填it。
【43题详解】
考查名词复数形式。句意：上身动作运用了中国传统舞蹈的特点，步法上运用了芭蕾和西方舞蹈的元素，是受到国内外认可的代表杰作。characteristic“特点”为可数名词，结合谓语动词为are used可知，此处应为名词复数形式。故填characteristics。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：上身动作运用了中国传统舞蹈的特点，步法上运用了芭蕾和西方舞蹈的元素，是受到国内外认可的代表杰作。空处应用名词，作宾语，recgnitin表示“承认，认可”，为不可数名词。故填recgnitin。
【45题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：SDT在这部舞剧的宣传材料中提出了这样的口号：“为了失去的过去，让我们呼吁永远珍惜未来。”提醒公众吸取朱鹮的教训，保护环境和生态系统。此处为固定短语remind sb t d sth“提醒某人做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填t learn。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是校广播站英语节目“Scientific Frntier”的负责人李华，请给郑州大学客座教授Carline写邮件邀请她做一次关于Wrld Ocean Day 的访谈。内容包括：
1.节目介绍；
2.访谈的时间和话题。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Prfessr Carline,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Prfessr Carline,
I am in charge f the English prgram “Scientific Frntier” at ur schl radi statin, which aims t explre the latest scientific develpments and discveries in varius fields. I’m writing t invite yu t ur prgram fr an interview abut Wrld Ocean Day.
The interview will take place n June 8th, and we wuld like t discuss the imprtance f prtecting ur ceans and the impact f human activities n marine life. We believe that yur expertise in this field wuld prvide valuable insights fr ur listeners.
We lk frward t hearing frm yu sn and hpe that yu can jin us fr this interview.
Best regards,
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My heart punded as I stared at the screen. I re-read the message frm my friend, Nelle. Smene had upset her by sharing her persnal news, a recent develpment Nelle had shared with nly a few clse friends, including me. She didn’t knw wh let the wrd ut, but she was hurt and disappinted.
I felt s guilty. I knew hw the news had gt ut because I had been the ne t tell smene else. Hnestly, I hadn’t realized she meant t keep it s clse t hme, but at the same time I’d knwn it wasn’t a gd idea when I started t tell it t smene else.
Did she really nt knw it was me? It wuld have been easy t cme clean and aplgize if her nte was an accusatin. But it read as thugh it had been cpied and pasted t several peple. S I chse the cward’s way ut.
“I’m s srry that happened t yu,” I typed. “Hw awful that yur cnfidence was brken.”
I hped that wuld d. Her reply came back within secnds: “Thank yu.”
Surely, that wuld be gd enugh. I didn’t take respnsibility fr my actins, but I’d sympathized with her pain. It wuld be kay fr me t remain annymus (不公开姓名的) as lng as I was srry, wuldn’t it?
But, deep dwn, I knew I’d been the ne t break faith and hurt her. I was ashamed, nt nly f my riginal actin, but because I’d put wrng upn wrng by cvering it up.
I felt miserable at church n Sunday. I tried t avid cmmunicatin. Watching thers take part while I sat in silence was a painful experience-ne I never wanted t repeat.
Later, the speaker in the church challenged us t examine urselves and see if anything std in the way t being the best f urselves, and if s, we shuld nt t let it stp us and we needed t clear it away.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I knew what std between me and ding the right thing:my reputatin.
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I went straight t Nelle after the church.
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【参考范文】
I knew what std between me and ding the right thing:my reputatin. That’s what I feared lsing if I tld Nelle the truth. Of curse, she wuld be disappinted at me, but deep dwn I dreaded the pssibility she’d tell thers, thinking f which, I was mre than hesitant t cnfess. Yet I was trubled by my cnscience: what was my reputatin, cmpared t ding the right thing? T remain silent wuld make that reputatin a lie anyway. T cnfess r nt? I was almst trn in the dilemma. After what seemed like ages, with a deep breath, I made the decisin.
I went straight t Nelle after the church. I first cnfessed my act f gssip and then hw bad I had felt abut nt cnfessing my mistake. With all pured ut, I felt a great sense f relief. A flicker f disbelief and shck crssed her face but luckily fr me, Nelle shwed grace and frgave me eventually. We parted that day n gd terms and are still friends. I never heard if she tld my wrngding t anyne else, but even if she did, I knw that telling the truth and asking fr frgiveness cleared me f shame and set my heart free. (After all, right actins in the future are the best aplgies fr bad actins in the past.