2025届广东省广州市天河区普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）英语试题

这是一份2025届广东省广州市天河区普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）英语试题，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Pre-Cllege Summer Schl Prgram fr High Schl Students
Harvard’s Pre-Cllege Prgram fr high schl students is an intensive tw-week summer prgram designed t give yu a taste f cllege life. Yu will live n the Harvard campus during yur tw-week sessin while taking a cllege-level curse with ther Pre-Cllege Prgram students.
Applicatin
Please cmplete an nline applicatin frm and prvide supplemental (补充的)materials, including: Transcripts frm 9th t 12th grade: This can include prgress reprts, reprt cards, and educatinal summaries frm yur schl. If English is nt yur native language, submit scres frm the TOEFL, iBT, r IELTS.
Curses
With almst 30 curses t chse frm in each sessin, yu’re sure t find a tpic that triggers yur interest. The curses are nn-credit and d nt have letter grades. At the end f the prgram, yu’ll receive a written evaluatin frm yur instructr, and a Harvard transcript with a grade f AR r NM (“requirements met” r “requirements nt met”). This is a great way t supplement yur cllege applicatin.
Cst & Aid
The ttal cst fr a sessin is $5,800, including tuitin, rm and meal plan, activity csts, and an accident and sickness insurance plan. There is als a nn-refundable $75 applicatin fee.
A limited number f schlarships are available t assist students wh demnstrate financial need. Awards vary based n need, and a typical award cvers a prtin f the tuitin.
1．The prgram is designed fr high schl students t ______.
A．live n Harvard campusB．experience life in cllege
C．take a cllege curseD．study with cllege students
2．What is a must t apply fr the prgram?
A．A high schl degree.B．An academic reprt frm schl.
C．A scre frm TOEFL, iBT r IELTS.D．A reprt frm a cllege cunselr.
3．What can each participant get when the prgram ends?
A．A degree frm Harvard.B．A schlarship award.
C．An evaluatin withut letter grades.D．Recmmendatin fr cllege applicatin.
When I was a kid, I hated reading until eighth grade, when my mm said, “Yu are ging t d yur reading with me, frm nw n.”
It was my first experience f being led thrugh challenging bks with an expert guide. Every few pages, Mm wuld stp and ask me questins that challenged my thinking abut the text, drew me deeper int its themes and created a space t ask my wn questins. And this is hw I came t lve reading — and came t be a prfessr f classic literature.
Mst f my students wh hate reading dn’t have mthers like mine. And ne-t-ne tutrial is impssible in my mid-sized university. But recently, in a cnversatin with a friend abut ways AI might make museums dynamic and interactive, I thught abut bks. What if AI-enabled chat windws culd be intrduced in a text and ffer a site f real-time cnversatin abut it with smene as smart as my mm?
Then I started creating Rebind, an e-reading platfrm. I dictated 30 hurs f answers t nearly 1,200 questins abut Threau’s Walden and asked anther 1,000 reader-interesting questins. The wrk was dull: just me talking int my recrder. Then it struck me that being interviewed abut the bk might make it pleasant, meaningful and, mst imprtantly, dynamic. S I invited Michael Gdwin, a Threau expert, t ask me questins. It wrked. Michael, playing an inquisitive student, drew ut insights I didn’t even knw I had.
This led t a key idea: if AI platfrms use real cnversatins, abut meaningful subjects, as their training grund, users are mre likely t have rich, simulated (模拟的) cnversatins abut such subjects. I tested this by interviewing the prizewinner Jhn Banville abut James Jyce’s Dubliners, and the results were remarkable. The cnversatins in the e-reader sunded like, and reacted like, the cnversatins between Banville and myself.
I’d like everyne t lve reading and use AI in ways that aren’t meaningless r disappinting. In my heart, like my mther, I’m a teacher, and I believe this is ne f the great teachable mments f ur time.
4．Which best describes the authr’s reading experience with his mther?
A．Theme-based.B．Challenge-free.
C．Passive-listening.D．Questin-driven.
5．Why did the authr create Rebind?
A．T innvate teaching methds.B．T make reading interactive.
C．T invlve experts in discussin.D．T prvide a platfrm fr sharing.
6．Which f the fllwing can best describe the authr?
A．Creative and devted.B．Patient and mdest.
C．Ambitius and skeptical.D．Reflective and reserved.
7．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Hw will AI transfrm teaching?
B．AI is the future f interactive reading.
C．My reading experience with an AI-expert friend.
D．Hw did I transfrm reading with AI?
The dappled stars and swirling cluds (漩涡云) in The Starry Night are thught t reflect the artist’s trubled state f mind when he painted it in 1889. Nw, a new study suggests Vincent van Ggh had a deep understanding f hw turbulent flw (湍流)mves.
Turbulent flw ccurs in fluids like cean currents and strm cluds, where big swirls break int smaller nes. “These swirls aren’t randm. They arrange themselves in specific patterns that can be predicted by physical laws,” explained Yngxiang Huang, lead authr f the study.
Huang and his clleagues examined 14 main whirling shapes in a digital versin f the painting. The atmspheric mtin in the painted sky cannt be directly measured, s they measured the size f brushstrkes and the brightness f varying paint clrs. They discvered that the 14 big swirls match a physical law called Klmgrv’s thery f turbulence. The smallest paint mixes als fllw a pattern knwn as Batchelr’s scaling.
Finding bth laws in ne painting is rare, and it is such an amazing cincidence (巧合). Van Ggh wuld nt have been aware it was physics, but likely he spent a lt f time bserving turbulence in nature. “It must be planted int his mind s that he culd make this famus painting s cnvincing,” Huang said.
The team perfrmed a similar analysis and detected the same phenmenn in anther painting, Chain Pier, Brightn by Jhn Cnstable in 1826. While it desn’t have clear swirls, its cluds shw rich structures like thse seen in the sky.
Scientists have lng struggled t fully understand turbulent flw, which is imprtant fr weather frecasting, flight turbulence and many ther prcesses. Even after ver 100 years f study, defining this cmplex natural phenmenn is still challenging. Huang als nted that artwrks like The Starry Night matching turbulence mdels might mean the statistical methds and tls are less precise than thught.
8．What is the main fcus f the new study?
A．Van Ggh’s trubled mental state.B．The artist’s hidden talent fr science.
C．The display f swirls in the painting.D．The artistic value f the painting.
9．Which is a way researchers analysed the atmspheric mtin in The Starry Night?
A．Predicting the physical laws in the sky.
B．Cmparing the swirls with their digital versins.
C．Measuring the mvement f brushstrkes.
D．Examining the variatins f paint clrs.
10．What prbably made Van Ggh’s The Starry Night s vivid?
A．Awareness f capturing beauty.
B．Insightful bservatins f nature.
C．Cmplicated painting techniques.
D．Scientific understanding f turbulence.
11．Why did the researchers study Chain Pier, Brightn?
A．T check their previus study result.
B．T shw they take the study seriusly.
C．T prvide backgrund infrmatin fr the research.
D．T cnfirm clear swirls are unique t Van Ggh’s wrks.
Mst f us maintain an infrmal mental rank f ur friendships. My friend R. went a step further by ranking his friends n a cmputer dcument.
The yung man fund himself dissatisfied with his scial life — busy yet unfulfilled, and he built his friend list t diagnse why. He fund that he had a small grup f first-tier friends and a huge number f acquaintances. But the friends wh caused him the mst burden and stress were thse in the middle ranks. Call them the “medium friends”.
R. tld me abut a certain friend. They were clse during cllege but by their 30s, R. simply did nt feel as cnnected t her as he nce did. When this friend recently reached ut fr his supprt, his initial reactin was annyance, fllwed by guilt. But she was pressing him in a way that felt t heavy, given what their friendship had becme. He wrestled but did nthing. Emily Langan, a cmmunicatin prfessr wh studies friendship, described this as feeling guilty fr nt being mre invlved because they were just nt that kind f friend.
Medium friends are genuine friends wh share histry r interests. They make yu laugh r ffer insights. But, unlike the clsest friends, medium friends test the limits f yur time, lve and energy. There are s many dinners in a week, and s many peple with whm yu can be cnstantly texting. Medium friends prve it impssible t be all things t all peple. And that is the prblem with medium friends, the invisible lines yu draw arund them withut ever being clarified — t them r even, pssibly, t yurself.
Mutual sharing and caring in a cntext f trust is the fundatin f every friendship. The tensin in medium friendship is this absence f clarity, allwing fr the pssibility f what Claude Fischer, a scilgist, referred t in an interview as “asymmetric expectatin”: Yu may like yur medium friend less (r mre) than they like yu.
12．Why des the authr mentin R.’s friend list?
A．T highlight the need t assess friendship.
B．T remind us t keep a balance in friendship.
C．T give an example f categrizing friends.
D．T shw us the pssible prblem with friendship.
13．Hw did R. feel when his medium friend asked him fr help?
A．He felt she was asking t much.
B．He was t ready t lend a hand.
C．He was annyed fr nt knwing hw t help.
D．He felt guilty that she wasn’t a clse friend.
14．What is the main prblem with medium friends?
A．They prvide limited lve.B．There is a lack f clear bundaries.
C．There are t many f them.D．They are less reliable than expected.
15．What des the underlined wrd “asymmetric” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Unrealistic.B．Annying.C．Unequal.D．Invisible.
Yu are well aware that yu truly desire t achieve gd grades. Either yur parents have put pressure n yu, r yu’ve prmised yurself t perfrm better. Hwever, yu are cnstantly being distracted! 16 Yu can cut ut the distractins yu have cntrl ver and minimize the nes yu can’t stp cmpletely if yu try the fllwing tips.
When yu ntice specific distractins, yu can blck them ut. 17 Take nte f this specific distractin and then tell yurself yu are ging t vercme it. The next time yu see it happen, remind yurself nt t lk. Keep ding this every time the distractin cmes up, and eventually yu will n lnger ntice it.
18 Life can get really busy, s it’s n surprise if yu find yurself distracted frm studying by thughts abut everything else. Rather than acting like all f thse ther needs dn’t exist, why nt give yurself an utlet? Spend 5 minutes thinking abut everything that’s n yur plate, but then tell yurself it’s time t fcus n the main task fr nw: studying.
Priritize yur studying by setting a main gal. Fr example, if yu have a bilgy exam cming up that cvers three chapters, yu dn’t have t cram everything int ne study sessin. 19 Breaking things dwn and establishing just ne primary aim will make yur study plan mre manageable.
G ff the netwrk. Texting, scial media, calls, and ther distractins that cme frm ur electrnic devices are sme f the biggest barriers t staying fcused when studying. 20
If yu d these cnsistently, yu shuld find that yu gradually spend less and less time being distracted.
A．Set a study schedule.
B．T be distracted is cmmn.
C．Yu shuld give yurself a wrry break.
D．Try fcusing first n the parts that give yu truble.
E．Luckily, the fix is easy and ttally within yur cntrl — unplug yurself!
F．If yu keep yur phne in anther rm, yu’re less likely t use it while studying.
G．Say yu’re trying t study in the library and yu keep getting distracted by smene texting.
二、完形填空
When I was a yung by, we lived near a public swimming pl. During the summer mnths, I wuld be there swimming and playing fr hurs. The 21 thing f all was that they had a cncessin stand there. Yu culd buy a cla fr nly 15 cents r a bag f chips fr a dime. Often my parents wuld give me a quarter s I culd have a 22 there. Smetimes, 23 , they weren’t at hme. That is when I wuld try the sfa cushins (坐垫).
I wuld pull them ut, 24 my little arms till deep int the cracks f the sfa, hping t find sme spare change that had 25 ut f smene’s pckets. Often t my 26 , I wuld find a dime r a quarter. Then I wuld run ff t the pl happily.
It’s nly recently, hwever, that I realized I fund 27 there an awful lt during the summertime. I 28 lking between the cushins in the winter a few times, yet 29 t find a penny. Althugh I never saw them, I think Mm and Dad wuld 30 change dwn there fr me t find. They did s knwing it wuld make my 31 and bring a smile t my face. Of curse, they never said a wrd even after I had 32 . I guess sme 33 are t gd t share.
I think that maybe an unseen act f 34 has a special jy t it. Yu get n appreciatin r thanks fr it, at least nt t yur face. Yet, it fills yur heart with happiness. Yu knw that yu are helping anther, making smene’s life better and this wrld a mre 35 place.
21．A．bestB．craziestC．strangestD．simplest
22．A．tyB．snackC．walkD．talk
23．A．evenB．thughC．besidesD．therefre
24．A．waveB．hldC．crssD．stretch
25．A．jumpedB．puredC．fallenD．flwn
26．A．surpriseB．reliefC．creditD．delight
27．A．mneyB．lveC．cluesD．chances
28．A．admitB．rememberC．enjyD．keep
29．A．pretendingB．failingC．hpingD．deciding
30．A．gatherB．arrangeC．drpD．thrw
31．A．wayB．dayC．chiceD．frtune
32．A．turned upB．gne awayC．grwn upD．calmed dwn
33．A．memriesB．secretsC．feelingsD．experiences
34．A．curisityB．genersityC．gratitudeD．kindness
35．A．lvingB．peacefulC．secureD．lively
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Peple have been talking abut Xia Hua, 36 hairdresser wh listens and understands. They praise her with the phrase, “a cut that makes yu lk great,” and appreciate her sincerity and devtin. 37 peple really value is her attitude f putting the custmers’ needs first.
Reprts indicate that 38 her sudden rise t fame, the haircut prices remain 39 (change). This has led sme f her peers t questin her lw pricing, 40 (claim) it sets the industry back mre than a decade. In respnse, she stated that her skills are currently wrth this mney, and her biggest wish is t see every custmer leave the saln with a smile.
Hwever, the real reasn why Xia Hua attracts custmers isn’t the “lw prices”, 41 her respectful and caring apprach, which aruses a sense f lng-lst 42 (warm). In recent years, prblems like rising prices and ver advertising 43 (arise). Xia Hua’s 44 (affrd) haircuts appeal t cnsumers by ppping the industry’s price bubble. S, she encurages the industry t rethink its 45 (practice) rather than “sets the industry back”. Her success reveals a simple truth: regardless f pricing r market psitining, genuine service and custmer satisfactin is the key t sustainable grwth.
四、书信写作
46．假定你是李华，你的外教 Ryan 决定组织一次班级周末出游，现在就出游计划“a trip t a famus muntain r an ancient city”征求意见。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
(1)你的选择及理由；
(2)你的预期收获。
注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Schl was ut! I grabbed my backpack and headed t the library fr my favrite weekly after-schl activity: Writing Club.
“Hell, everyne,” said Miss Lisa, ur writing club leader. “Tday we’ll share ur stries with a critique partner, wh will give us helpful feedback (反馈) t imprve them. Then submit yur stry by next week, sl r cauthred.”
My partner was Penny. I was nervus. I had n prblem cming up with great stry ideas but struggled with spelling. And grammar. And punctuatin. Penny, wh always gt perfect scres in thse areas, didn’t lk at me as she pushed her stry twards me. I read it withut stpping. “Ww, great stry,” I tld her, “I dn’t have any suggestins.” She crrected sme mistakes in my stry hurriedly, and handed it back withut lking at me.
“OK, time is up fr tday,” said Miss Lisa. Penny lked relieved. She jumped up and grabbed her backpack. Bang! Everything fell ut. She quickly stuffed it back in and hurried away.
I nticed a bk under the table. The descriptin n the back matched Penny’s stry exactly. I culdn’t believe she had cpied this idea!
Outside the schl, sptting Penny n a bench, I walked ver. “Yu drpped this,” I said, hlding ut the bk and raising my eyebrws. Penny’s shulders were slumped. She sniffed and wiped her nse n her sleeve. She was crying, “Didn’t knw what t write!”
All f a sudden, I wasn’t angry anymre. I remembered my jb as her partner was t give helpful feedback, nt t make her feel bad. But what shuld I say?
I decided t ask Mm fr advice. In the kitchen, Dad chpped vegetables perfectly while Mm stirred a sauce. She ffered him a taste. “It’s gd,” Dad said, “but I think...” “It needs smething extra. I have an idea.” Mm interjected. He handed her a measuring spn. “T get the right amunt.” Mm added a teaspn f a new spice.
I realized Mm and Dad had different skills, making them a great team. With Dad’s attentin t detail and Mm’s sense f adventure, their dinners turned ut delicius.
注意：(1)续写词数应为150左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Watching Mm and Dad ck gave me an idea t suggest t Penny.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“What abut the true stry f yu and me?” Penny asked me.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
《2025届广东省广州市天河区普通高中毕业班综合测试（二） 英语试题》参考答案
1．B 2．B 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了哈佛大学为高中生提供的大学前暑期学校项目，包括项目的目的、申请流程、课程选择、费用及援助等信息。通过详细的说明和介绍，旨在吸引目标群体的关注和申请。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Harvard’s Pre-Cllege Prgram fr high schl students is an intensive tw-week summer prgram designed t give yu a taste f cllege life. (哈佛大学为高中生开设的大学预科课程是一个为期两周的强化暑期课程，旨在让你体验大学生活。)”可知，本课程旨在让你体验大学生活。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据文章“Applicatin”部分中的“Please cmplete an nline applicatin frm and prvide supplemental (补充的)materials, including: Transcripts frm 9th t 12th grade: This can include prgress reprts, reprt cards, and educatinal summaries frm yur schl. If English is nt yur native language, submit scres frm the TOEFL, iBT, r IELTS. (请完成在线申请表并提供补充材料，包括：九年级至十二年级的成绩单：可以包括学业进展报告、成绩单以及学校出具的学业总结。如果英语不是你的母语，请提交托福、托福网考或雅思成绩。)”可知，申请需完成在线申请表并提供补充材料，包括九年级至十二年级的成绩单（可以是学业进展报告、成绩单以及学校出具的学业总结），所以学校的报告单是必须的。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据文章“Curses”部分中的“The curses are nn-credit and d nt have letter grades. At the end f the prgram, yu’ll receive a written evaluatin frm yur instructr, and a Harvard transcript with a grade f AR r NM (“requirements met” r “requirements nt met”). This is a great way t supplement yur cllege applicatin. (这些课程不计学分，也没有字母等级评分。课程结束时，你将收到授课教师的书面评价，以及一份带有“AR”或“NM”（“达到要求” 或“未达到要求”）等级的哈佛成绩单。这是丰富你大学申请材料的绝佳方式。)”可知，课程结束后，学生可以得到授课教师的书面评价，并且没有字母等级。故选C。
4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候在妈妈的引导下爱上阅读，后来想到利用人工智能让阅读变得更具互动性，创建了Rebind这个电子阅读平台，并介绍了创建的过程和测试的结果。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Every few pages, Mm wuld stp and ask me questins that challenged my thinking abut the text, drew me deeper int its themes and created a space t ask my wn questins.(每隔几页，妈妈就会停下来问我一些问题，挑战我对课文的思考，让我更深入地了解它的主题，并为我提出自己的问题创造了一个空间)”可知，作者和妈妈一起阅读时，妈妈每隔几页就会停下来问问题，挑战作者对文本的思考，让作者更深入地思考主题，还创造了让作者提问的空间。由此推知，作者和妈妈的阅读体验是以问题驱动的。故选D项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Mst f my students wh hate reading dn’t have mthers like mine. And ne-t-ne tutrial is impssible in my mid-sized university. But recently, in a cnversatin with a friend abut ways AI might make museums dynamic and interactive, I thught abut bks. What if AI-enabled chat windws culd be intrduced in a text and ffer a site f real-time cnversatin abut it with smene as smart as my mm?(我的大多数讨厌读书的学生都没有像我这样的母亲。在我的中等规模的大学里，一对一的辅导是不可能的。但最近，在与一位朋友谈论人工智能如何使博物馆充满活力和互动性时，我想到了书籍。如果启用人工智能的聊天窗口可以在文本中引入，并提供一个与像我妈妈一样聪明的人进行实时对话的网站，那会怎么样？)”以及后面作者创建Rebind的过程可知，作者创建Rebind是为了让阅读变得像和妈妈一起阅读时那样具有互动性，让讨厌阅读的学生也能喜欢上阅读。故选B项。
6．推理判断题。作者从和妈妈一起阅读的经历中获得启发，想到利用人工智能让阅读更具互动性，创建了Rebind这个电子阅读平台，体现了作者的创造性；并且作者投入大量时间和精力进行平台的创建，如第四段中“I dictated 30 hurs f answers t nearly 1,200 questins abut Threau’s Walden and asked anther 1,000 reader-interesting questins.(我听写了30个小时，回答了近1200个关于梭罗《瓦尔登湖》的问题，并问了另外1000个读者感兴趣的问题)”，还邀请专家参与，不断测试和改进，体现了作者的专注和投入，A选项“有创造力且专注的”正确。故选A项。
7．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者小时候在妈妈的引导下爱上阅读，后来想到利用人工智能让阅读变得更具互动性，创建了Rebind这个电子阅读平台，并介绍了创建的过程和测试的结果，所以文章主要围绕作者如何利用人工智能改变阅读展开。由此可知，D选项“我是如何用人工智能改变阅读的？”符合文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选D项。
8．C 9．D 10．B 11．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了长期以来，人们认为梵高 1889 年创作的《星月夜》中斑驳的星星和漩涡云反映了他作画时的精神困扰。但一项新研究表明，梵高对湍流的运动有着深刻理解。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Nw, a new study suggests Vincent van Ggh had a deep understanding f hw turbulent flw (湍流) mves.( 现在，一项新的研究表明，文森特·梵高对湍流的运动有着深刻的理解。)”以及文中对研究过程的描述，研究人员主要研究了梵高《星月夜》中漩涡云的情况，发现其与物理定律相关，所以新研究的主要关注点是画中漩涡的呈现。故选C项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The atmspheric mtin in the painted sky cannt be directly measured, s they measured the size f brushstrkes and the brightness f varying paint clrs.(画中天空的大气运动不能直接测量，所以他们测量了笔触的大小和不同颜色的亮度。)”可知，研究人员分析《星月夜》中大气运动的一种方法是检查颜料颜色的变化。故选D项。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Van Ggh wuld nt have been aware it was physics, but likely he spent a lt f time bserving turbulence in nature. “It must be planted int his mind s that he culd make this famus painting s cnvincing,” Huang said.(梵高不会意识到这是物理学，但很可能他花了很多时间观察自然界的湍流。黄说：“他一定是把这个想法植入了他的脑海里，这样他才能让这幅名画如此令人信服。”)”可知，可能是梵高对自然的深刻观察使《星月夜》如此生动。故选B项。
11．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The team perfrmed a similar analysis and detected the same phenmenn in anther painting, Chain Pier, Brightn by Jhn Cnstable in 1826.( 该团队进行了类似的分析，并在约翰·康斯太勃尔1826年的另一幅画《布莱顿的链条码头》中发现了同样的现象。)”可知，研究人员研究《布莱顿的链条码头》是为了验证他们之前在《星月夜》研究中的结果，看是否在其他画作中也存在同样的现象。故选A项。
12．D 13．A 14．B 15．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了多数人会在心中对友谊进行非正式排序，作者朋友R.则在电脑文档上给朋友排名。R.因忙碌却不充实的社交生活不满，通过排名发现“中等朋友”给他带来最多负担压力。以R.为例，他与大学时亲密的朋友到30多岁不再亲近，朋友求助时他因对方施压方式而恼怒又内疚，最终未帮忙，专家认为这种内疚源于关系不再亲密。“中等朋友” 是有共同经历或兴趣的真朋友，能带来欢乐和见解，但会考验人的时间、爱和精力，其存在表明人无法满足所有人需求。“中等朋友”关系的问题是界限模糊未澄清，由此产生 “不对称期望”，即双方喜欢程度可能不对等，而信任基础上的互相关心分享是友谊根基。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段“The yung man fund himself dissatisfied with his scial life — busy yet unfulfilled, and he built his friend list t diagnse why. He fund that he had a small grup f first-tier friends and a huge number f acquaintances. But the friends wh caused him the mst burden and stress were thse in the middle ranks. Call them the “medium friends”.(这个年轻人发现自己对自己的社交生活不满意——忙碌却没有成就感，于是他建立了自己的朋友列表来找出原因。他发现自己有一小群一线朋友和大量的熟人。但是给他带来最大负担和压力的朋友是那些中层的人。称他们为“中等朋友”)”可知，作者提到 R.的朋友列表，R. 通过对朋友进行排名发现自己社交生活存在问题，尤其是与“中等朋友”之间存在困扰，如当“中等朋友”寻求帮助时自己的复杂情绪等。由此推知，作者提及R.的朋友列表是为了向我们展示友谊中可能存在的问题。故选D项。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“When this friend recently reached ut fr his supprt, his initial reactin was annyance, fllwed by guilt. But she was pressing him in a way that felt t heavy, given what their friendship had becme.(当这位朋友最近向他寻求支持时，他最初的反应是烦恼，然后是内疚。但考虑到他们之间的友谊，她给他的压力太大了)”可知，当R.的“中等朋友”向他求助时，他最初的反应是烦恼，因为这位朋友施压的方式让他觉得太过沉重，考虑到他们现在的友谊状况，他觉得她要求得太多了。故选A项。
14．推理判断题。根据第四段中“And that is the prblem with medium friends, the invisible lines yu draw arund them withut ever being clarified — t them r even, pssibly, t yurself.(这就是中等朋友的问题，你在他们周围画的看不见的线从来没有澄清过——对他们，甚至可能对你自己)” 以及最后一段中“Mutual sharing and caring in a cntext f trust is the fundatin f every friendship. The tensin in medium friendship is this absence f clarity, allwing fr the pssibility f what Claude Fischer, a scilgist, referred t in an interview as “asymmetric expectatin”:( 在信任的背景下相互分享和关心是每一种友谊的基础。中等友谊的紧张之处在于缺乏明确性，这可能导致社会学家克劳德•费舍尔（Claude Fischer）在一次采访中所说的“不对称期望”)”可知，“中等朋友”之间的主要问题是存在不明确的界限，没有向对方甚至自己澄清这些界限，导致了可能出现的“不对称期望”。由此推知，B选项“缺乏明确的界限”正确。故选B项。
15．词义猜测题。根据前文提到的“中等朋友”之间存在的问题，即彼此之间的界限不明确，再结合最后一段中“Yu may like yur medium friend less (r mre) than they like yu.( 舍尔（Claude Fischer）在一次采访中所说的“不对称期望”：你可能比你的中等朋友更不喜欢（或更喜欢）你)”可知，“asymmetric expectatin”指的是你对 “中等朋友” 的喜欢程度可能与他们对你的喜欢程度不相等。由此可知，“asymmetric”意思是“不相等的；不对称的”，与“Unequal(不平等的)”意思相近。故选C项。
16．B 17．G 18．C 19．D 20．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在学习过程中一些减少干扰的方法和建议。
16．上文“Hwever, yu are cnstantly being distracted!(然而，你总是分心！)”提到了总是被分心的情况，下文“Yu can cut ut the distractins yu have cntrl ver and minimize the nes yu can’t stp cmpletely if yu try the fllwing tips.(你可以减少你可以控制的干扰，并尽量减少那些你不能完全停止，如果你尝试以下建议)”说的是可以采取措施减少分心。B选项T be distracted is cmmn.(分心是很常见的)能够承上启下，说明分心这种情况很普遍，所以可以采取措施应对，符合语境。故选B项。
17．上文“When yu ntice specific distractins, yu can blck them ut.(当你注意到特定的干扰时，你可以把它们排除在外)”说的是注意到特定的分心因素时可以排除它们，下文“Take nte f this specific distractin and then tell yurself yu are ging t vercme it.(记下这些特定的干扰，然后告诉自己你要克服它)”提到了要注意这种特定的分心因素。G选项Say yu’re trying t study in the library and yu keep getting distracted by smene texting.(比如说你在图书馆努力学习，却不断被有人发短信的行为分心)举了一个在图书馆被人发短信分心的具体例子，符合语境。故选G项。
18．下文“Rather than acting like all f thse ther needs dn’t exist, why nt give yurself an utlet? Spend 5 minutes thinking abut everything that’s n yur plate, but then tell yurself it’s time t fcus n the main task fr nw: studying.(与其表现得像其他需求不存在一样，为什么不给自己一个出口呢？花5分钟想想你盘子里的所有事情，然后告诉自己是时候把注意力集中在现在的主要任务上了：学习)”说的是不要忽视其他需求，而是给自己一个释放的机会，花5分钟想想所有的事情，然后再专注于学习。C选项Yu shuld give yurself a wrry break.(你应该给自己一个担忧的休息时间)中的“wrry break”对应下文花时间想事情，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选C项。
19．上文“Priritize yur studying by setting a main gal. Fr example, if yu have a bilgy exam cming up that cvers three chapters, yu dn’t have t cram everything int ne study sessin.(通过设定一个主要目标来优先考虑你的学习。举个例子，如果你即将参加一场涵盖三章的生物考试，你不必一次学完所有内容)”说的是通过设定主要目标来确定学习的优先级，比如生物考试有三章内容，不必一次学完所有内容。D选项Try fcusing first n the parts that give yu truble.( 试着先专注于那些给你带来麻烦的部分)承接上文，说明在设定目标后，可以先专注于有困难的部分，符合语境。故选D项。
20．上文“Texting, scial media, calls, and ther distractins that cme frm ur electrnic devices are sme f the biggest barriers t staying fcused when studying.(短信、社交媒体、电话和其他来自电子设备的干扰是学习时保持专注的最大障碍)”提到了电子设备带来的分心是学习时保持专注的最大障碍之一。E选项Luckily, the fix is easy and ttally within yur cntrl — unplug yurself!(幸运的是，解决办法很简单，而且完全在你的控制范围内 —— 让自己远离电子设备！)承接上文，提出了解决电子设备分心的办法，符合语境。故选E项。
21．A 22．B 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．B 30．C 31．B 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述家人们夏天会故意放很多钱给作者，但从未提及，告诉大家不为人知的善举也会给人带来快乐。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最棒的是那里有一个小卖部。A. best最好的；B. craziest最疯狂的；C. strangest最奇怪的；D. simplest最简单的。根据下文“Yu culd buy a cla fr nly 15 cents r a bag f chips fr a dime.”可知，在泳池边能买到便宜的可乐和薯片，所以有一个小吃摊是最好的事情。“best”符合语境。故选A项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父母经常会给我25美分，这样我就可以在那里吃零食了。A. ty玩具；B. snack零食；C. walk散步；D. talk谈话。前文提到可以在小吃摊买可乐和薯片，所以父母给“我”二十五美分是为了让“我”在那里买小吃。“snack”（小吃）符合语境。故选B项。
23．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过，有时他们也不在家。A. even甚至；B. thugh然而；C. besides此外；D. therefre 因此。前文说父母会给“我” 钱买小吃，以及后文“they weren’t at hme”说有时他们不在家，前后是转折关系。故选B项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会把它们抽出来，把我的小胳膊伸到沙发的缝隙里，希望能找到一些从别人口袋里掉出来的零钱。A. wave挥手；B. hld握住；C. crss穿过；D. stretch伸展。根据下文“till deep int the cracks f the sfa”可知，“我”是把小胳膊伸进沙发缝隙里。“stretch”（伸展）符合语境。故选D项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会把它们抽出来，把我的小胳膊伸到沙发的缝隙里，希望能找到一些从别人口袋里掉出来的零钱。A. jumped跳；B. pured倾倒；C. fallen掉落；D. flwn飞。根据句意以及下文“smene’s pckets”可知，“我”希望找到从某人口袋里掉出来的零钱。“fallen”（掉落）符合语境。故选C项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我高兴的是，我经常能找到一角硬币或25美分的硬币。A. surprise惊讶；B. relief缓解；C. credit信用；D. delight高兴。根据下文“I wuld find a dime r a quarter. Then I wuld run ff t the pl happily.”可知，找到零钱让“我”很高兴。故选D项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到最近，我才意识到夏天我在那里发现了很多钱。A. mney钱；B. lve爱；C. clues线索；D. chances机会。前文一直说在沙发垫里找钱，所以这里是说最近“我”意识到在夏天能在那里找到很多钱。“mney”（钱）符合语境。故选A项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得有几次在冬天的垫子里找，却找不到一分钱。A. admit承认；B. remember记得；C. enjy享受；D. keep坚持。根据下文“lking between the cushins in the winter a few times”可知，“我”记得在冬天也在沙发垫之间找过几次。“remember”（记得）符合。故选B项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得有几次在冬天的垫子里找，却找不到一分钱。A. pretending假装；B. failing失败；C. hping希望；D. deciding决定。根据下文“find a penny”以及“yet”可知，这里表示转折，冬天找钱的结果和夏天不同，夏天能找到，冬天却找不到。“failing”（未能）符合语境。故选B项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我从来没有见过他们，但我想爸爸妈妈会把零钱放在那里让我找。A. gather聚集；B. arrange安排；C. drp掉落，放下；D. thrw扔。根据下文“…there fr me t find”可知，“我”认为是父母把零钱放在那里让“我”找到的。“drp”（掉落，放下）符合语境。故选C项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们知道这样做会让我开心，让我的脸上露出笑容。A. way方式；B. day天；C. chice选择；D. frtune运气。父母知道这会让“我”开心，让“我” 这一天都很愉快。“make ne's day”（使某人一天非常快活）是固定短语。故选B项。
32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当然，即使在我长大后，他们也没有说过一句话。A. turned up出现；B. gne away离开；C. grwn up长大；D. calmed dwn平静下来。根据句意以及上文“they never said a wrd even after”可知，即使在“我”长大后，他们也从未说过一个字。“grwn up”（长大）符合语境。故选C项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想有些秘密太好了，不能分享。A. memries记忆；B. secrets秘密；C. feelings感觉；D. experiences经历。根据上下文语境可知，父母故意放零钱让“我”找这件事是他们的秘密，有些秘密太美好而不必说出来。故选B项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，也许看不见的善举有一种特别的快乐。A. curisity好奇心；B. genersity慷慨；C. gratitude感激；D. kindness善良。根据下文“…has a special jy t it”可知，父母这种不被看见的行为是一种善意的行为。“kindness”（善良，善意）符合语境。故选D项。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你知道你在帮助他人，让某人的生活变得更好，也让这个世界成为一个更有爱的地方。A. lving有爱的；B. peaceful和平的；C. secure安全的；D. lively活泼的。根据句意以及上文“Yu knw that yu are helping anther, making smene’s life better”可知，你知道你在帮助别人，让别人的生活更美好，让这个世界成为一个更有爱的地方。“lving”（有爱的）符合语境。故选A项。
36．a 37．What 38．despite 39．unchanged 40．claiming 41．but 42．warmth 43．have arisen 44．affrdable 45．practices
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了理发师晓华因倾听理解顾客受关注，人们赞其手艺，欣赏她以顾客需求为先的态度。她成名后理发价格不变，遭同行质疑低价使行业倒退，她认为自己技术值这价，愿顾客带笑离店。晓华吸引顾客关键并非低价，而是尊重关心顾客带来的温暖感。
36．考查冠词。句意：人们一直在谈论晓华，一个倾听和理解的理发师。根据句意可知，这里表示泛指“一个理发师”，“hairdresser”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词“a”。故填a。
37．考查主语从句。句意：人们真正看重的是她把顾客需求放在第一位的态度。设空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指 “人们真正看重的东西”，所以用连接代词“What” 引导主语从句。故填What。
38．考查介词。句意：报道显示，尽管她突然成名，理发价格却没有变化。根据句意可知，前后句表示让步关系，“尽管她突然成名，但理发价格仍然……”，her sudden rise t fame为名词词组，“despite”表示“尽管”，是介词。故填despite。
39．考查形容词。句意：报道显示，尽管她突然成名，理发价格却没有变化。“remain” 是系动词，这里表示“理发价格仍然不变”，“unchanged”是形容词，意为“不变的”，作表语。故填unchanged。
40．考查非谓语动词。句意：这导致她的一些同行质疑她的低定价，声称这使该行业倒退了十多年。此处为非谓语动词作状语，“claim”与逻辑主语“sme f her peers”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词“claiming”作状语。故填claiming。
41．考查固定句型。句意：然而，晓华吸引顾客的真正原因不是“低价格”，而是她的尊重和关怀，唤起了久违的温暖感。“nt…but...”是固定句型，意为“不是……而是……”，这里表示“晓华吸引顾客的真正原因不是‘低价’，而是她尊重和关心的态度”。故填but。
42．考查名词。句意：然而，晓华吸引顾客的真正原因不是“低价格”，而是她的尊重和关怀，唤起了久违的温暖感。“f” 是介词，后面接名词，“warm”的名词形式是 “warmth”，意为“温暖”。故填warmth。
43．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，出现了价格上涨和过度广告等问题。此处为谓语动词的填入，“In recent years”是现在完成时的标志词，“prblems”是复数，“arise”的过去分词是“arisen”，所以用现在完成时“have arisen”。故填have arisen。
44．考查形容词。句意：晓华的平价理发方式打破了美发行业的价格泡沫，从而吸引了消费者。根据句意可知，这里需要一个形容词修饰 “haircuts”，“affrd” 的形容词形式是 “affrdable”，意为 “负担得起的；价格合理的”。故填affrdable。
45．考查名词复数形式。句意：因此，她鼓励行业重新思考其做法，而不是“让行业倒退”。“practice” 在这里表示“惯例；做法”，是可数名词，结合句意可知，这里应该用复数形式“practices”。故填practices。
46．Dear Ryan,
I’m excited at the upcming uting plan, and I’m writing t share my thughts with yu.
I vte fr the trip t an ancient city. The ancient city is like a living histry bk, filled with well-preserved histrical sites like ancient city walls and traditinal curtyard huses. These can give us a vivid picture f what life was like in the past. Als, with its rich and unique culture, we can explre traditinal handicrafts, taste lcal specialties, and even participate in sme age-ld cultural activities. It wuld be a great chance t immerse urselves in the lng-standing Chinese culture.
I’m really lking frward t this trip. I expect t have in-depth cnversatins with lcal peple t learn mre abut their stries and traditins. And I can’t wait t take amazing phts t recrd this special jurney.
Thank yu fr rganizing the uting. I’m sure it will be a great success n matter which destinatin we chse.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作。要求考生给外教 Ryan写封邮件，就其组织的班级周末出游计划给出自己的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
兴奋的：excited→ thrilled
充满了：be filled with→ be full f
参加：participate in→ take part in
机会：chance→ pprtunity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The ancient city is like a living histry bk, filled with well-preserved histrical sites like ancient city walls and traditinal curtyard huses.
拓展句：The ancient city is like a living histry bk, which is filled with well-preserved histrical sites like ancient city walls and traditinal curtyard huses.
【点睛】【高分句型1】These can give us a vivid picture f what life was like in the past.（运用了what引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I’m sure it will be a great success n matter which destinatin we chse.（运用了省略that的宾语从句和n matter引导的状语从句）
47．Pssible versin:
Watching Mm and Dad ck gave me an idea t suggest t Penny. The next mrning, I fund Penny sitting n the same bench, her eyes red frm crying. When I apprached her, her eyes widened slightly, as if bracing fr criticism. But instead, I said gently, “Hey, Penny. I understand hw yu feel. We all have ur strengths and weaknesses.” Her eyes met mine fr the first time, questining, “Yu mean... yu’re nt mad at me?” I shk my head. “Let’s wrk tgether and see what we can cme up with.” Penny’s brws were smthed but then knitted again. “But what shuld we write abut?” she asked? I tld her my ideas always came frm life. She ndded. a small smile lifting the crners f her lips. (114 wrds)
“What abut the true stry f yu and me?” she asked me. I exclaimed, “Fantastic!” giving her a thumbs-up. “Maybe we can write abut hw we vercame ur differences and learned t wrk tgether as a team.” I started brainstrming ideas, and Penny quickly caught n, adding her pressure and struggle when cming up with ideas. We spent the next few days wrking n the stry, with me writing the first draft and Penny refining it. During the prcess, I nticed Penny’s cnfidence grwing. After the presentatin f ur stry, Miss Lisa praised, “This is an excellent example f hw tw peple with different strengths cme tgether t create smething truly amazing.” Frm then n, we cntinued t wrk tgether, each bringing ut the best in the ther. (116 wrds)
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。在写作俱乐部，我和Penny是搭档。我擅长构思，却常在拼写、语法和标点上出错；Penny则相反，成绩优异却缺乏创意。一次，我发现她抄袭故事，本想指责，但看到她因写作困难而哭泣，我决定换种方式。回到家，我从父母做饭的默契中得到启发，意识到我们虽各有不足，但也能互补。第二天，我主动与Penny沟通，提出合作写故事，她欣然同意。我们携手创作，最终赢得老师赞誉。这次经历让我明白，合作的力量远大于指责。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“看着爸爸妈妈做饭，我有了一个建议Penny的主意。”可知，第一段可描写作者没有指责Penny而是通过和她交流共同寻找写作思路。
②由第二段首句内容“‘那你和我的真实故事呢？’她问我。”可知，第二段可描写作者和Penny把他们的经历写成故事并得到老师的称赞。
2.续写线索：得到启发——交流——找到思路——共同写作——完成写作——得到表扬
3.词汇激活
行为类
①走近：apprach/cme clse t
②微笑：smile/grin
③完善：refine/plish
情绪类
①哭泣：cry/weep/sb
②生气的：mad/angry
【点睛】[高分句型1] When I apprached her, her eyes widened slightly, as if bracing fr criticism.（运用了when引导时间状语从句和as if引导的状语从句的省略）
[高分句型2] I started brainstrming ideas, and Penny quickly caught n, adding her pressure and struggle when cming up with ideas.（运用了现在分词作状语和when引导的时间状语从句的省略）
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
B
B
C
D
B
A
D
C
D
B
题号
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
A
D
A
B
C
B
G
C
D
E
题号
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
A
B
B
D
C
D
A
B
B
C
题号
31
32
33
34
35





答案
B
C
B
D
A