寒假提升-专题04 阅读理解D篇2025年高一英语寒假衔接讲练 (人教版)

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D
NASA will crash a spacecraft int an asterid (小行星) t try t change its rbit, attempting t prevent humans ging the same way as the dinsaurs.

Earth is cnstantly being disturbed by small pieces f debris (碎片), but they usually burn up r break up lng befre they hit the grund. Once in a while, hwever, smething large enugh t d significant damage makes impact. Abut 66 millin years ag, ne such crash is thught t have wiped ut the dinsaurs. Smeday, smething similar culd end human beings—unless we can find a way t tackle it.
NASA’s Duble Asterid Redirectin Test (Dart) missin is the first attempt t test if such asterid redirectin is a realistic strategy: investigating whether a spacecraft can autnmusly reach a target asterid and intentinally crash int it, as well as measuring the amunt f redirectin. “If it wrks, it wuld be a big deal, because it wuld prve that we have the technical capability f prtecting urselves,” said Jay Tate, the directr f the Natinal Near Earth Object Infrmatin Center.
The 610kg Dart spacecraft is scheduled t be launched at the target—the Didyms system—a harmless pair f asterids cnsisting f a 163-metre “mnlet” asterid called Dimrphs that rbits a larger 780-metre asterid called Didyms (Greek fr “twin”). The plan is t crash the spacecraft int Dimrphs when the asterid system is at its clsest t Earth—abut 6.8 millin miles away.
Abut 10 days befre impact, a miniaturized satellite called LiciaCube will separate frm the main spacecraft, enabling images f the impact t be relayed back t Earth. Cmbined with bservatins frm grund-based telescpes, and an nbard camera that will recrd the final mments befre the crash, these recrdings will enable scientists t calculate the degree t which the impact has changed Dimrphs’s rbit. The expectatin is that it will change the speed f the smaller asterid by apprximately 1% and reduce its rbit arund the larger asterid.
Then. in Nvember 2024, the Eurpean Space Agency’s Hera spacecraft will visit the Didyms system and cnduct a further clse-up analysis f the cnsequences f this snker (斯诺克) game, recrding details such as the precise makeup and internal structure f Dimrphs, and the size and shape f the hle left by Dart. Such details are vital fr transfrming asterid redirectin int a repeatable technique.
Even then, it is impssible that any single redirectin strategy wuld be enugh. “The prblem is that n tw asterids r cmets are alike, and hw yu redirect ne depends n a huge number f variables. There is n silver bullet in this game. What yu need is a whle flder f different redirectin methds fr different types f targets,” said Tate.
S, while this may be ne small step twards planetary prtectin, many mre are likely t be necessary t avid destructin.
22. What is the purpse f Paragraph 2?
A. T explain the necessity f launching a spacecraft.
B. T examine the impact f dinsaurs’ extinctin.
C. T highlight the crisis threatening human beings at present.
D. T shw the damage caused by small pieces f debris.
23. Which f the fllwing pictures illustrates the missin?
A. B.
C. D.
24. What is the functin f LiciaCube?
A. Helping the satellite separate frm the spacecraft.
B. Recrding the scientists’ grund-based bservatins.
C. Sending impact data back t Earth.
D. Calculating the length f Dimrphs’s rbit.
25. What des the underlined sentence “There is n silver bullet in this game” mean?
A. There is n pssibility t satisfy NASA’s needs.
B. There is n challenge t big t vercme.
C. There is n strategy t help make an bvius decisin.
D. There is n single slutin t the cmplex prblem.
二
D
D the endless stream f messages and the thught f replying t unpened texts give yu anxiety? Can the grup chat feel s verwhelming that yu want t thrw yur phne ut f the windw? Texting anxiety is a real thing, and mre cmmn than yu’d think.
In the last 25 years, texting has changed the way we cmmunicate greatly. And many wuld argue, nt fr the better. The average persn in 2022 checks their phne 262 times a day, up frm a daily average f 80 in 2016. Overwhelmed, many end up cnsciusly r uncnsciusly pting ut, stpping respnding t lved nes and friends. Unfrtunately, nt everyne will be understanding.
Leah Aguirre, a psychtherapist explains that text cnversatins are usually a surce f anxiety as they cme with a lt f uncertainty. “We can’t predict hw smene will respnd, if they will respnd, r hw quickly they will respnd. We can’t cntrl ther peple’s actins r behavir r hw they think and interpret (解读) things, and fr peple that are already prne t anxiety this can be hard t cpe with.”
Aguirre says this is reflected in a physical reactin, tightness in the chest, tensins, r increased heart rate. Yu als may feel a little mre n edge r shrt with thers, cmpulsively check yur phne r have bsessive and intrusive thughts abut the text cnversatin. Simply hearing a ntificatin (通知), if ur phne is ut f reach, causes the brain chemicals assciated with stress t spike.
As well as the persnal effects, text anxiety can put a strain n yur relatinships with friends and lved nes. A 2018 study fund that rmantic partnerships and friendships are far mre successful when yu and the ther persn have a similar texting style. If bth parties are quick respnders, the relatinship is less likely t hit the rcks. Similarly, if all parties are happy t g hurs, days, even weeks between respnses, then everyne is happy.
Establishing a texting schedule with peple yu interact with frequently is ne way f reducing sme f the stress if yu have different texting styles. Aguirre suggests limiting the amunt f time yu are n yur phne als helps with the anxiety. “By cancelling r reducing hw much cntact yu have with the surce f anxiety, yu’ll feel sme relief,” she says.
“Yu can give yurself a pep talk, tell yurself that yu are kay and that yu have n cntrl ver anther persn’s respnse r behavir. Remind yurself that this is just a phne r a text message and that, big picture, yu are kay and will be kay.”
36. The purpse f Paragraph 2 is t .
A. demnstrate the level f texting anxiety
B. stress the imprtance f cmmunicatin
C. analyze the cause f trubled relatinships
D. intrduce the increasing use f cell phnes
37. What des the underlined phrase “n edge” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Frightened.B. Interested.C. Excited.D. Nervus.
38. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. Putting phnes n “silence” mde increases anxiety.
B. We shuld ask ur partners t change their texting styles.
C. Creating a texting plan with thers helps reduce text anxiety.
D. Texting anxiety is ften caused by the time taken t answer the texts.
39. What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. A texting schedule: The final way ut
B. Texting anxiety: Prblems and slutins
C. Text cnversatins: Strengths and weaknesses
D. A new perspective: Hw much texting is t much
三
D
Wild animals seem t have escaped the Indian Ocean tsunami (海啸), adding weight t the idea that they pssess a “sixth sense” fr disasters, experts said n Thursday. Sri Lanka wildlife fficials have said the giant waves that killed ver 24,000 peple alng the Indian Ocean Island’s cast seemingly missed wild beasts, with n dead animals fund.
“N elephants are dead, nt even a dead hare r rabbit. I think animals can sense disaster. They have a sixth sense. They knw when things are happening,” H.D. Ratnayake, deputy directr f Sri Lanka’s Wildlife Department said n Wednesday.
The waves washed fldwaters up t 3 km (2 miles) inland at Yala Natinal Park in the sutheast, Sri Lanka’s biggest wildlife reserve (自然保护区) and hme t hundreds f wild elephants. “There has been a lt f evidence abut dgs barking r birds migrating befre vlcanic eruptins r earthquakes. But it has nt been prved,” said Matthew van Lierp, an animal behaviur specialist at Jhannesburg Z. “There have been n specific studies because yu can’t really test it in a lab r field setting,” he said. Other authrities agreed with this cnclusin. “Wildlife seems t be able t pick up certain phenmenn, especially birds. There are many reprts f birds detecting cming disasters,” said Clive Walker, wh has written several bks n African wildlife.
Animals certainly rely n the knwn senses such as smell r hearing t avid danger such as predatrs (食肉动物). The idea f an animal’s “sixth sense” is a lasting ne that the evidence n Sri Lanka’s damaged cast is likely t add t.
12. This passage is mainly abut _____.
A. the damage that was caused in the Indian Ocean tsunami
B. why animals can save themselves frm natural disasters
C. hw t prtect the wildlife when disaster happens
D. the different pinins abut animals’ natural pwer
13. Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the passage?
A. It has been prved that animals have a sixth sense.
B. Research has been made n the special mvements f animals befre disasters.
C. It’s generally cnsidered that animals can sense the cming f disasters.
D. It can be tested that animals have the knwn sense t escape frm the disasters.
14. What des the term “sixth sense” in the passage mean?
A. It is the natural ability f animals that can’t save them frm danger.
B. It is the animal’s imaginatin in the brain.
C. It is sme hidden pwer t say in advance that smething will happen.
D. It is a kind f sense that is the same as smell r hearing.
15. Which sectin des the passage mst prbably appear in a newspaper?
A. Entertainment.B. Discvery.C. Future.D. Culture.
四
D
The Furth f July is an imprtant day fr the Quad Cities River Bandits, a Minr League Baseball team. Thusands f fans crwd int Mdern Wdmen Park in Davenprt, lwa, t cheer n the hme team and watch firewrks. But it was a bit different in 2014, says Chesser, the Bandits' manager, when the baseball stadium was rurned int an island in the middle f the Mississippi River. Fans had t crss the fldwaters n a mvable bridge t reach the stadium.
Davenprt is the nly majr city n the upper Mississippi River withut fld walls t hld back the river. Instead f building a barrier(障碍)between the river and nearby hmes and businesses. Davenprt designed its dwntwn t be fldable lining the city's nine miles f riverfrnt (滨河地区) with parks, bike tracks, parking lts, and a very wet baseball stadium.
Lcal leadership says thin methd has cme with sme ecnmic benefits. Building a wall wuld be expensive, ptentially csting mre than present fld cleanups. “When the river cmes up, and that happens every year nw, we let it take its wn curse. There is nthing really in there that culd be damaged,” says frmer Davenprt mayr Bill Gluba.
Davenprt’s methd des cme at a cst. “When we have a fld, we put ff ther imprtant services.” says Public Wrks Directr Nicle Gleasn,” We press a stp buttn n everything that's scheduled.”
Despite cmplaints (抱怨) abut slw rad repair, the Davenprt cmmunity realizes what it has gained with the public green space. Lcals enjy frequent citywide events, frm festivals and cncerts n the riverfrnt t an annual Father's Day bike ride.
Fr residents like Bandits' manager Chesser, the many beautiful days at the riverfrnt mre than make up fr the day when flding spreads int the city. “I can't cmplain if five days a year Mther Nature decides t thrw us a curveball.” he says.
12. Why des the writer mentin “The baseball stadium” In Paragraph 1?
A. T intrduce the tpic.B. T draw a cnclusin.
C. T analyze the prblem.D. T explain an idea.
13. What's special abut Davenprt's fld-preventin methd?
A. It designed in fldable riverfrnt.
B. It blcked away the fld effectively.
C. It used valuable land t build fld walls.
D. It spent much mre than the traditinal way.
14. Which statement will the lcals prbably agree with?
A. The city's fld methd is shrt-sighted
B. The benefits can make up fr fld influence.
C. The lcals' life is hardly affected by the fld
D. The speed f rad repair is extremely fast after fld.
15. Which can be a suitable title fr the text
A. Walling Up the City t FldB. Davenprt's Peace with the Fld
C. A Mdel fr Cities' Fld ManagementD. A Cmmn Methd fr Mississippi's Fld
五
D
The deep-sea il and gas industry has vast and cstly facilities t maintain. Wells, ther equipment, and thusands f kilmeters f pipelines must be inspected and repaired.
Nw, cutting-edge underwater drnes (无人机) and rbts are being develped that culd make the wrk safer and cheaper. Amng them is Eelume, a six-meter-lng, snake-like rbt equipped with sensrs and a camera at each end. It can be kept at a statin at depths f up t half a kilmeter fr six mnths, withut being brught back t the surface. The rbt can travel up t 20 kilmeters befre needing t return t its statin t recharge.
Maintenance wrk at many deep-water wells and pipeline systems is already carried ut by unmanned vehicles. But these vehicles typically need t be transprted t the ffshre site n a fully crewed ship and then remtely perated frm nbard the surface ship. That can cst up t $100,000 per day, accrding t Pål Liljebäck, chief technlgy fficer with Eelume Subsea Interventin, which develped the rbt. Liljebäck says that by “enabling the rbt t becme a subsea resident living at a statin, it can be mbilized at any time t d inspectins, thereby reducing the need fr cstly surface ships”.
Eelume can wrk autnmusly n tasks assigned frm a cntrl rm nshre, and send back vide and data. Its snake-like design allws it t wrk in small spaces and wriggle (扭动) its bdy t stay in place in strng currents. By staying under the sea, it can carry ut tasks whatever the cnditins n the surface f the cean.
The glbal underwater rbtics market is expected t be wrth arund $7 billin in 2025, accrding t analysts, and ther cmpanies are in the prcess f cmmercializing new deep-sea drne and rbt technlgy. Eelume Subsea Interventin will carry ut final testing n the seabed later this year at the Åsgard il and gas field. It expects t put its first snake rbts int use next year and hpes t have up t 50 in ceans arund the wrld by 2027.
22. What is ne feature f Eelume?
A. It can travel nearly 40 kilmeters befre recharging.B. It can dive as deep as 500 meters.
C. It wrks mainly arund the statin.D. It wrks fr 6 mnths n ne charge.
23. What is the prblem with unmanned vehicles?
A. They are t cstly t maintain.B. They are hard t perate remtely.
C. They require transprtatin t and frm wrk.D. They have t wrk n a fully crewed ship all the time.
24. What can be expected f Eelume in the future?
A. It will require n further tests.B. It will be wrth arund $ 7 billin.
C. It will be put n the market in 2027.D. It will face a lt f cmpetitrs.
25. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. A snake rbt is n its way fr underwater tasks.
B. Eelume is the new chice fr cnstructing pipelines.
C. Maintenance wrk n the cean flr is a risky jb.
D. Unmanned vehicles marketing has seen strng grwth.
六
D
Several days f unusual warm weather in nrthern Greenland have caused rapid melting(融化). “Temperatures have been running arund -12.2 ℃-15.5 ℃. It is warmer than nrmal fr this time f year,” scientists said. The amunt f ice that melted in Greenland between July 15 and July 17 alne—6 billin tns f water per day—wuld be enugh t fill 7.2 millin Olympic-sized swimming pls, accrding t the reprt frm the Natinal Snw and Ice Data Center. Put anther way, it was enugh t cver the whle state f West Virginia with a ft f water.
Fr the scientists ut n the ice sheet(冰盖), the warmth has been alarming. “It really makes me anxius,” said Kutalmis Saylam, a scientist wh is nw wrking in Greenland. “Yesterday, we culd hang abut in ur T-shirts, which was nt really expected. Since Greenland hlds enugh ice, sea level wuld rise by 7.5 meters arund the wrld if ice all melted.”
In 2020, scientists fund that Greenland’s ice sheet had melted beynd the pint f n return. “N effrts t prevent glbal warming can stp it frm finally breaking int small parts,” said researchers.
Aslak Grinsted, a climate scientist, said that they were trying t get flights int the camp s they can ship ut the ice cres(冰芯) they had recently cllected. But the warmth is destabilizing the landing site. “The weather we are seeing right nw is t ht fr the ski-equipped planes t land,” Grinsted said. “S we stre the ice cres in large caves we have made int the snw t prtect it frm the heat f the summer.” Scientists made use f the abnrmal warmth while they were waiting, playing vlleyball in their shrts n an ice sheet at the tp f the wrld.
Grinsted referred t the temperatures as a heat wave, and nted that the pssibility f temperatures getting this ht was clearly cnnected t glbal warming.
12. Hw des the authr supprt the tpic f paragraph 1?
A. By explring reasns.B. By making cmparisns.
C. By designing the numbers.D. By ding sme experiments.
13. What did Kutalmis mean in paragraph 2?
A. He disliked wearing a T-shirt.
B. He wrried abut the warmth.
C. He was deeply impressed by the ice.
D. He was thirsty fr enjying the sea view.
14. What des the underlined wrd “destabilizing“ mean in paragraph 4?
A. Quitting.B. Imprving.C. Sheltering.D. Destrying.
15. What will the authr prbably d in the fllwing paragraph?
A. Recmmend visiting Greenland.
B. Describe hw t ship ut the ice cre.
C. Call n peple t prtect the envirnment.
D. Plan t rganize a sprts meeting n ice.
七
D
D Dgs Dream?
Unlike cartn images, real dgs dn’t speak and describe their sleep. S yu may wnder: d dgs dream like their wners?
A scientific research cnducted at MIT fund that during sleep, brains f humans and dgs functin in a similar manner. When yu r yur dg first falls asleep, yu experience SWS—slw wave sleep—when the brain waves are slw but muscles are still active. Later, a deeper stage f sleep ccurs. This stage is called REM sleep—rapid eye mvements sleep. During REM, muscles are mre relaxed but the mind is mre active. It was prved that bth humans and dgs experience these tw stages f the sleep cycle. Since we knw that humans dream, it is safe t cnclude that dgs dream t.
Scientists fund that as a dg falls asleep, his breathing becmes deeper and mre regular.After abut 20 minutes in REM sleep, dreams usually begin fr average dgs. While dreaming, the dg’s breathing may becme shallw and irregular, and his eyes mve abut behind the clsed lids(眼睑) as if the dg is lking at smething. By cmparing brain wave patterns, researchers suggested that during REM, dgs are visualizing (呈现) dream images much like humans d during this stage f sleep.
Besides, it’s als fund that during REM, the sleeping brain functins much like it des when awake, s bth man and dgs dream abut things that happen during their waking hurs. Infrmatin gathered during the day is prcessed at night and may be relived in dreams. S yur dg may “sleep run” as he runs after a cat r fetches a ball.
Studies als shw that sme dgs dream mre than thers, and the frequency and length f dreams are different accrding t the age and sizes f dgs. Yung puppies usually experience mre dreams than adult dgs. One pssible reasn is that puppies acquire huge amunts f new infrmatin daily and have much t prcess at night. Amng dgs f the same age, smaller dgs seem t have mre dreams than their bigger friends, but their dreams may last shrter. Dream length and frequency are als related t the amunt f sleep required. A dg that has an active day utside may sleep mre sundly than usual and experience lnger perids f REM sleep, giving him mre time t dream.
12. What happens t dgs during REM sleep?
A. Their dreams take place.B. Their brain waves are slw.
C. Their muscles stay active.D. Their mind is mre relaxed.
13. While dreaming, the dg ________.
A. breathes regularlyB. visualizes images
C. pens the lidsD. gathers infrmatin
14. What des the underlined wrd “relived” prbably mean?
A. Remved.B. Repaired.C. Reviewed.D. Reduced.
15. What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A. Why dgs dream like humans.
B. What bigger dgs dream abut.
C. Why yung puppies have mre dreams.
D. What causes the differences f dgs’ dreams.
八
D
Sme scientists have traced the increase in earthquakes t human activities, especially in areas nt knwn fr the presence f fault lines r past seismic (地震的) activity. The idea f humans causing earthquakes may seem strange at first. After all, yu can run arund yur backyard and jump up and dwn as yu want, and the grund isn’t ging t start shaking. Hwever, scientists have identified a variety f large scale human activities that can result in earthquakes.
Scientists have cnfirmed ver 700 places where human activities have caused earthquakes ver the last century. While many human-related earthquakes are small and dn’t cause much damage, sme f them can be serius and dangerus. In fact, scientists believe human activities have caused earthquakes with magnitudes as high as 7. 9 n the Richter scale.
Scientists believe that mst human-related earthquakes are the result f mining. As cmpanies drill deeper and deeper belw the earth’s surface t get natural resurces, hles left behind usually cause instability (不稳固) which leads t earthquakes. Anther human activity leading t earthquakes is fracking (水力压裂) fr il and gas, including the high pressure waste water prcessing that usually ges with fracking. In this prcess, water, sand and chemicals are pressed undergrund under high pressure t break rcks t release natural resurces.
Building large dams can als cause earthquakes. Many peple died as a result f a big earthquake caused by millins f tns f water that had been cllected in a reservir after a large dam was built ver a knwn fault line.
These are nt the nly human activities that can result in earthquakes, thugh. Scientists pint ut that earthquakes can als be caused by ther human activities, such as cnstructin f skyscrapers and nuclear explsins.
There is n dubt that human activities have cntributed a lt t scial and ecnmic develpment, but fr ur wn benefit, we humans had better nt push nature t hard, r we will have t pay a price.
12. What des the underlined part “fault lines” in paragraph 1 prbably refer t? .
A. Places with active human activities.B. Places cnnected with natural balance.
C. Areas where natural resurces are rich.D. Areas where earthquakes tend t happen.
13. What d mining and gas prducing have in cmmn?
A. They break the balance f nature.B. They destry the stability f rcks.
C. They d much damage t the earth’s surface.D. They use high pressure t get natural resurces.
14. What is the authr’s attitude twards human activities?
A. Objective.B. Supprtive.C. Dubtful.D. Respnsible.
15. What des the authr mainly tell us in the passage?
A. All the earthquakes are caused by humans.
B. Humans are respnsible fr certain earthquakes.
C. Nature punishes humans by means f earthquakes.
D. Much prgress has been made n earthquake research.
九
D
Just when yu thught yu were taking care f yur health by eating enugh fruit and vegetables every day, new research has cme ut revealing that yu might be swallwing micrplastic particles (颗粒) alng with all thse vitamins, minerals, and fiber. A grundbreaking study published in the jurnal Envirnmental Research has fund that fruits and vegetables absrb micrplastic particles frm the sil and mve them thrugh vegetal tissues, where they remain until eaten by hungry diners, thus getting transferred t human bdies.
The researchers, wh are frm the University f Catania in Italy, as well as Susse and Mnastir universities in Tunisia, analyzed a variety f cmmn fruits and vegetables — carrts, lettuce, brccli, ptates, apples, and pears. These were chsen fr the fact that they are frequently cnsumed, usually ne per day, which allwed the researchers t better assess the dietary intakes f MPs (micrplastic particles) and NPs (nan-plastics). The samples were purchased frm different surces in the city f Catania, including a small fruit vendr and a supermarket.
The researchers fund that apples, fllwed by pears, were the mst plluted fruit samples, and carrts were the mst plluted vegetable. In the study’s discussin sectin, the authrs wrte, “We can assume that the fruits cntain mre MPs nt nly because f the very high vascularizatin (血管化) f the fruit pulp (果肉) but als due t the greater size and cmplexity f the rt system and age f the tree (several years) cmpared t the vegetables (60–75 days fr the carrt).”
This study is imprtant because it’s the first t detect micrplastics in fruits and vegetables. They have been fund in ther surces befre, such as sea salt, beer, water (bttled, in particular), shellfish, sugar, sil, and even air, but never inside fresh prduce. It’s an alarming discvery that raises yet anther red flag abut micrplastic pllutin in the natural envirnment.
It’s an area that will likely see a lt mre attentin in cming years, with the study authrs calling fr further research int the questin f micrplastic and whether it harms the health f bth plants and humans.
32. What is the study mainly abut?
A. The main cause f sil pllutin.B. The great changes in peple’s diets.
C. The benefits f eating fruits and vegetables.D. The micrplastic pllutin in fruits and vegetables.
33. What may cause fruits t cntain mre MPs accrding t the authrs?
A. The age f humans.B. The great size f fruit tree rts.
C. The cmplex preservatin methd.D. The large amunts f the fruit pulp.
34. What makes the study quite special?
A. It shwed the influences f MPs n plants.B. It prved the surce f micrplastic pllutin.
C. It presented the danger f MPs t human’s bdy.D. It discvered MPs in fresh prduce fr the first time.
35. What d the study authrs think f the research n micrplastic?
A. It needs t be further studied.B. It wasted them quite a lt f time.
C. It has raised peple’s awareness f health.D. It has attracted peple’s attentin t diets.
十
D
A recent study suggests that when it cmes t the benefits f reading, just ding it matters mre than the cntent. Researchers have fund that reading nvels helps the brain develpment in understanding thers and imagining the wrld. They als have fund that peple wh spend a few hurs per week reading bks live lnger than thse wh dn’t read.
But hw t build a habit f reading? Like any habit, the trick is in figuring ut what suits yu. The hardest part abut reading is actually picking up a bk. Yu have t sit dwn, pick up a bk and start reading. “I always have a bk next t wherever I put my phne,” My friend Jimmy nce tld me. “S if I want t check my phne, I physically can see the bk there. Nine times ut f ten. I end up reading the bk instead f using my phne fr nthing.”
Anther challenge is time, and in that case, audibks(有声书) can be a gd chice. Audibks are great fr filling the mind while yu’re n the way t wrk, washing dishes r wrking ut at the gym.
If yu’re still stuck n the way t develping a reading habit, the best way is t revisit yur ld favrite bks t get yur yuthful reading pleasure. Yu shuld free yurself frm the pinin that nly imprtant r educatinal bks are wrth reading. There’s n shame in rereading the bks that made yu fall in lve with reading in the first place. Restarting the practice f reading is a little like picking up painting. It takes sme wrk t get int the best state, but nce yu begin, the results are beautiful and satisfying.
12. What is the mst difficult part in frming the reading habit?
A. Getting reading skills.B. Finding a great bk.
C. Having limited time.D. Getting reading started.
13. What is the advantage f audibks accrding t the text?
A. They are time saving.B. They prvide mre pleasure.
C. They aid brain develpment.D. They ffer mre bk chices.
14. Why is rereading ld favurite bks a gd idea?
A. It helps restart reading.B. It is f great cnvenience
C. It imprves the taste fr art.D. It can increase yur patience.
15. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. Methd f killing free timeB. Advantages f using audibks
C. Way t chse educatinal bksD. Tips n develping a reading habit
十一
D
The San Dieg Cunty Water Authrity has an unusual plan t use the city’s San Vicente Reservir(水库)t stre slar pwer. The prject culd help unlck America’s clean energy future.
Perhaps ten years frm nw, large undergrund pipes will cnnect the lake t a new reservir built abut 1100 feet higher. When the sun is high in the sky, Califrnia’s rich slar pwer will pump (泵水) water int that upper reservir. When the sun ges dwn, the frce f water wuld prduce 500 megawatts (百万千瓦)f electricity fr up t eight hurs. “It’s a water battery!” says Neena Kuzmich, directr f engineering fr the water authrity.
The technlgy that San Dieg puts frward is already in use at mre than 40 sites in the US. Sme f them were built during the 1970s t stre electricity prduced by nuclear pwer plants. Nw, the need t stre pwer frm renewable surces is bringing this ld technlgy back.
Water batteries have many cmpetitrs, when it cmes t string energy. Hwever, they have their wn advantages. Water batteries are a prven way t stre large amunts f pwer. The San Vicente prject wuld stre abut as much electricity as the batteries in 50, 000 f Tesla’s Mdel 3 cars. They als dn’t require hard-t-find battery materials. The biggest prblem with them is that it is hard t find places t build them. They need a great deal f water, land t build tw reservirs and permissin t damage the landscape.
Kelly Catlett, directr f an envirnmental rganizatin, says, “We wn’t supprt prjects that build new damns n rivers and damage ecsystems. But San Dieg’s plan lks like smething different, because it uses an existing reservir and desn’t damage any streams.”
12. What’s the main idea f Paragraph 2?
A. What a water battery is.B. Hw the prject will wrk.
C. Why reservirs are needed.D. What the clean energy future is.
13. What is the advantage f water batteries ver their cmpetitrs?
A. They can pwer Tesla’s cars.
B. They can stre renewable surces.
C. The battery materials are easy t get.
D. The technlgy applied is a new breakthrugh.
14. What is the biggest challenge fr water batteries?
A. Damage caused t nature.B. The shrtage f slar pwer.
C. Limited ability t stre energy.D. Prper places fr cnstructin.
15. What is Kelly Catlett’s attitude twards the prject?
A. Uncncerned.B. Wrried.C. Supprtive.D. Dubtful.
十二
D
The wrld’s weakest cuntries are said t be preparing t take n the richest cuntries with a demand fr mney—pssibly including new taxes(税)n il r flying—fr the irrecverable lsses they are suffering frm the climate change.
Extreme weather is already hitting many develping cuntries hard and is expected t cause further catastrphes. Lss and damage—the issue f hw t help pr natins suffering frm the mst extreme effects f climate breakdwn, which cuntries cannt be prtected against—is ne f the prblems that cause disagreement in climate discussins.
Sme f the wrld’s weakest cuntries have prepared a paper fr discussin this week at the UN general meeting in New Yrk. It shws they are preparing t ask fr a “climate-related” glbal tax as a way f funding payments fr lss and damage.
The funds culd be raised in several ways: by a glbal carbn(碳)tax; a tax n airline travel; a tax n the heavily plluting il used by ships; adding taxes t il prductin; r a tax n financial business. The discussin paper ntes the prs and cns f each f these, and the chices f raising funds thrugh develpment banks and frm the private sectr.
Natins will meet again fr fresh talks called COP27 in Egypt in Nvember, where lss and damage is expected t be a majr tpic f discussin. At COP26, the UN climate meeting held in Glasgw in 2021, there was an agreement n the need t limit glbal temperature rises t 1.5℃ abve pre-industrial levels.
Damage t pr cuntries is set t increase. A separate submissin(呈递)t the UN, by Antigua and Barbuda, warns that increasing sea and air temperatures in the Caribbean culd create a superstrm within years that wuld cause $9 billin(£7.8 billin)in damage t the island natin alne, six times its yearly GDP.
12. What des the underlined wrd “catastrphes” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Disasters.B. Dubts.C. Diseases.D. Drughts.
13. What is the purpse f a “climate-related” glbal tax?
A. T raise mney fr lss.B. T develp airline industry.
C. T prduce mre il.D. T stp sea pllutin.
14. What will be a direct result f increasing temperatures in the Caribbean?
A. The sea level will rise.B. A pr cuntry will disappear.
C. A superstrm will frm.D. The climate meeting will be held.
15. What is the text mainly abut?
A. The UN is paying mre attentin t sme ecnmic prblems.
B. The glbal temperature will rise t 1.5℃ abve pre-industrial levels.
C. Develping cuntries need mre funds t prtect against pr envirnment.
D. The prer natins will ask the richest t cver damage frm climate change.
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标Ⅱ卷)
D
As cities balln with grwth, access t nature fr peple living in urban areas is becming harder t find. If yu’re lucky, there might be a pcket park near where yu live, but it’s unusual t find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has fund health and wellness benefits f nature fr humans, but a new study shws that wildness in urban areas is extremely imprtant fr human well-being.
The research team fcused n a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-gers, asking them t submit a written summary nline f a meaningful interactin they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissins, cding (编码) experiences int different categries. Fr example, ne participant’s experience f “We sat and listened t the waves at the beach fr a while” was assigned the categries “sitting at beach” and “listening t waves.”
Acrss the 320 submissins, a pattern f categries the researchers call a “nature language” began t emerge. After the cding f all submissins, half a dzen categries were nted mst ften as imprtant t visitrs. These include encuntering wildlife, walking alng the edge f water, and fllwing an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps peple recgnize and take part in the activities that are mst satisfying and meaningful t them. Fr example, the experience f walking alng the edge f water might be satisfying fr a yung prfessinal n a weekend hike in the park. Back dwntwn during a wrkday, they can enjy a mre dmestic frm f this interactin by walking alng a funtain n their lunch break.
“We’re trying t generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactins back int ur daily lives. And fr that t happen, we als need t prtect nature s that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senir authr f the study.
12. What phenmenn des the authr describe at the beginning f the text?
A. Pcket parks are nw ppular.B. Wild nature is hard t find in cities.
C. Many cities are verppulated.D. Peple enjy living clse t nature.
13. Why did the researchers cde participant submissins int categries?
A. T cmpare different types f park-gers.B. T explain why the park attracts turists.
C. T analyze the main features f the park.D. T find patterns in the visitrs’ summaries.
14. What can we learn frm the example given in paragraph 5?
A. Walking is the best way t gain access t nature.
B. Yung peple are t busy t interact with nature.
C. The same nature experience takes different frms.
D. The nature language enhances wrk perfrmance.
15. What shuld be dne befre we can interact with nature accrding t Kahn?
A. Language study.B. Envirnmental cnservatin.
C. Public educatin.D. Intercultural cmmunicatin.