辽宁省五校联考2024-2025学年高一上学期期末 英语试卷（含解析）

这是一份辽宁省五校联考2024-2025学年高一上学期期末 英语试卷（含解析），共16页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）
The Lwell Chamber Orchestra (LCO) is excited t annunce its third annual internatinal cncert (协奏曲) cmpetitin. The cntest aims t give yung artists a chance t perfrm with the LCO during the 2025-2026 seasn. The LCO is a chamber rchestra, s we are limited t which cncertante wrk we can prduce, but cntestants can apply with any wrk they wish. They are encuraged t cnsider less standard wrks fr smaller instrumentatin befre applying.
Prizes:
First Place
● A perfrmance with the LCO during the 2025-2026 seasn
● A prfessinal vide recrding
● A cash prize f $1,000
● A special bnus fr travel t attend the cncert
Secnd Place
● A cash prize f $500
Third Place
● A cash prize f $200
Requirements:
● Cntestants must be brn n r after Aug 31, 1995. (Cntestants brn after Aug 31, 2007, must have a parent r legal guardian t enter. )
● The cmpetitin is pen t mst instruments. Please visit ur website t cnfirm.
● Cntestants must be available n the day f the in-persn rund.
Timeline:
The cmpetitin will take place ver tw runds. Fifteen cntestants will be invited t the in-persn rund, which will take place n April 19, 2025. All cntestants must submit a link t ne vide f themselves playing a cncertante wrk.
The vide must:
● Be cntinuus and unedited, clearly shwing the cntestant and their accmpanist (s)
● Be at least 7 minutes lng.
● Have been recrded within a year f submissin.
1．What is the main purpse f the LCO’s internatinal cncert cmpetitin?
A．T raise special funds fr the LCO.
B．T prmte classical music learning.
C．T find talents and new members fr the LCO.
D．T ffer artists a chance t play with the LCO.
2．What will the first-place winner receive in the cmpetitin?
A．A special vide recrding his cntest.
B．A travel allwance fr the perfrmance.
C．A persnal trainer frm the LCO fr ne year.
D．An in-persn meeting with famus cmpsers.
3．What is ne f the requirements fr the vides submitted by cntestants?
A．They must be edited t remve nise.B．They must be n mre than 7 minutes lng.
C．They must be clear and cntinuus.D．They must be recrded by prfessinals.
A few years ag, we bught a mdel Leg set f the Ta Mahal (泰姬陵) fr my dad’s birthday, hping t cmbine his lve fr architecture with family time as ut lives grew busier.
Each evening, my dad and I gathered arund the large dining table t plan ur line f attack. We faced thusands f tiny white pieces, each packaged with accuracy in numbered plastic bags, accmpanied by a thick instructin bklet, The evenings passed quickly, and the building rse befre ur eyes. We culd see ur effrts cming t fruitin, and as we turned t the bring task f rdering the clred tiles (地砖) n the building’s flr, ur cnversatin t tk a tum.
We were stuck by the similarities and differences between Leg blcks and life We were amazed by hw cmplex the mdel was and its instructin bklet. We realized the bklet itself was a wrk f art, beautiful, but als detailed and clear. prvided us with the cmfrt f certainty. We knew if we fllwed the instructins, we wuld end up with a mdel that lked exactly like the picture n the bx. we made a mistake, all we had t d was retrace ur steps and start again.
Life, hwever, des nt fit tgether s neatly and rarely prvides us with clear instructins, We talked ver ur respective lives, decisins made, and actins and chices never taken. Dad reflected r a life well lived, and I, in my mid-thirties, n the uncertain path that lay ahead.
Here, we were the architects ding assembling. But ut in the wrld, we were the nes being assembled. We think we’re in cntrl, but u chices are shaped by frces beynd ur cntrl. In the face f uncertainty, we have t mve n, trusting bt in the prcess and the end result.
Smetimes, n the days I return hme, I g t the spare rm:t lk at the cmpleted Leg mdel, which reminds me that life is built slwly, with mistakes, an element f uncertainty and n instructin bk. It shws that cnsideratin, warmth and faith will result in a life well lived. Like the nw dusty mdel, life itself is nt abut what we materially create r leave behind, but rather bw we lived it.
4．Which f the fllwing best describes the authr’s experience f building the Leg set?
A．Simple and bring.B．Creative and enjyable.
C．Cmplex and rewarding.D．Challenging and frustrating.
5．What des the underlined wrd “assembling” in paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A．putting upB．winding upC．tearing upD．picking up
6．Hw des the authr suggest we handle uncertainty in life?
A．By seeking guidance frm thers.B．By aviding making any decisins.
C．By fcusing n immediate utcmes.D．By mving frward with cnfidence
7．What des the cmpleted Leg mdel symblize fr the authr?
A．The jy f family bnding.B．The jurney f living ne’s life.
C．e value f hard wrk in life.D．The achievement f life gals.
Imagine an infinite (无限的) number f mnkeys each typing randmly n a typewriter, Will ne f them, by any chance, type ut the cmplete wrks f William Shakespeare ne day?
Accrding t the Infinite Mnkey Thery, the answer is yes, as lng as yu give them time lng enugh. This thery, develped in 1913 by French mathematician Emile Brel, aims t demnstrate that with enugh time, randm actins can prduce rdered and meaningful results. Hwever, as sund as the idea may seem, a new study has shwn that it des nt hld up in the cntext f w reality, reprted Newsweek.
The study was carried ut by Stephen Wdcck and Jay Falletta, tw mathematicians at the University f Technlgy Sydney n Australia, They lked at the ps3ibilty f varius lengths f texts being typed by 200,000 chimpanzees (黑猩猩) — tughly the current glbal ppulatin f the species. Each chimpanzee was imagined t hit ne key per secnd and cntinue at this rate fr up t a ggl (10100) years, by which time, accrding t a physics thery, the entire universe will have “died”.
During the study, the mathematicians discvered that within its lifetime, a single chimpanzee has a 5 percent chance f typing the wrd “bananas”. The likelihd f a chimpanzee prducing even a shrt sentence is als extremely lw. Fr example, the chance f a mnkey typing the phrase “I chimp, therefre I am” is calculated t be abut ne in 1025. S, what are the dds f a chimpanzee prducing all 884,647wrnds f Shakespeare’s. wrks in a ggl years? The answer is abut 6. 4×107448524, which may as well be zer, nted Science Alert.
In shrt, while the thery might be mathematically true, it is “ptentially misleading in ur finite universe”, the mathematicians said. “It shws hw assuming infinite resurces when analyzing prblems can lead t results that are nt relevant r realistic in the real wrld, where resurces are always limited,” said Wdcck in a statement.
8．What des the Infinite Mnkey Thery suggest?
A．Mnkeys ca he trained t write nvels,
B．Mnkeys are naturally gd at leaning.
C．Patterns appear lgically frm randmness in sme way.
D．Randmness leads t meaningful result with enugh time.
9．What can we learn frm Wdcck and Falletta’s study?
A．They adjusted the limits f randmness.
B．They assessed the applicability f the thery,
C．They fund mnkeys’ mst frequent wrd.
D．They explred mnkeys’ behaviral patterns.
10．Hw was the study cnducted?
A．By analyzing the texts typed by chimpanzees.
B．By bserving real chimpanzees typing wrds.
C．By calculating prbabilities based n a typing mdel.
D．By invlving chimpanzees with certain typing abilities,
11．Why des Wdcck believe the thery is “ptentially misleading” ?
A．It ignres practical limits.B．It verestimates mnkeys’ ability.
C．It applies nly t simple prblems.D．It cnflicts with randm-rder relatinship.
Reflecting n GCSE results day, the UK equivalent (等价物) f China’s gaka results day, I feel a mix f pride and sadness. I am prud this years graduating students achieved fantastic results, but I am als sad because, fr many, it marks the end f their study f humanities subjects.
I persnally studied histry, philsphy, Latin and religius studies, and I strngly advcate fr the humanities. Yet, they’re becming increasingly unppular, with nly 38 percent f students taking at least ne humanities curse in 2021/22 cmpared t 60 percent frm 2003/4 t2015/16.
The reasn fr his decline is mney. Accrding t the Huse f Cmmns Library, students wh started university in 2023 will graduate with an estimated debt f £45,600. As a result, studying STEM subjects, which leads t higher earnings, has greater appeal. Bu humanities students knw it’s rarely that simple.
David Rubenstein, c-funder f a glbal investment firm, argued that a well-runded humanities educatin actually results in higher-paying jbs ver time, Rubenstein’s achievements in private equity (股权) supprts his claim. My experience at private equity firms eches this. My language skills and ability t analyze cmplex issues were highly valued by my clleagues. Fr example, understanding languages and cultures was an advantage in my wrk related t internatinal business. My histry studies sharpened my analytical skills, helping me make persuasive investment recmmendatins.
Humanities subjects equip students with valuable skills like prblem-slving, critical thinking and cultural awareness. Crprate recruiter Andrew Osayemi emphasized the value f a generalist skill set acrss prfessins. “Once thse beginning themes are learned, yu’re n the same level as anyne else, regardless f what they studied,” he said.
As students receive their GCSE results, I urge then. t stay pen. t different subjects and career paths, maximizing their enjyment f learning and ensuring diverse, well-runded wrkfrces. After all, a brad educatinal fundatin can be a significant advantage in the cmplex and ever-changing mdern jb market.
12．Why des the authr feel in part sad abut GCSE results day?
A．The humanities are lsing ppularity.B．Students are aviding difficult subjects.
C．Humanities curses are being remved.D．Students are failing humanities subjects.
13．What is the reasn fr the decline in the study f humanities?
A．The restructuring f cllege entrance exams.
B．The lwer csts f studying humanities subjects.
C．The higher earnings f graduates f STEM subjects.
D．The rise f STEM subjects in university prgrams.
14．What is David Rubenstein’s view n humanities educatin?
A．It gives students an edge in all fields.B．It is highly valued in academic settings.
C．It builds skills essential in private equity.D．It ffers financial benefits in the lng run.
15．Hw des the authr suggest students apprach their educatin?
A．Chse STEM subjects fr jb security.B．Keep their subject chices brad.
C．Specialize early fr career success.D．Stick t subjects they enjy the mst.
If yu live in a flat, yur escape plan in the case f a fire is critical. And there are lts f ways yu can take actin nw t prevent prblems later if a fire ccurs. Here’s what yu need t knw.
Persnal Emergency Escape Plans
16 They can include a persn with physical disabilities r limited mbility. They als include thse with a temprary cnditin. Talk t yu landlrd r husing fficer wh can help yu abut them.
Fire safety cncerns
If yu are cncerned abut any aspect f fire safety with yur building, fr example, the type f cvering r issues with blcked exits, yu shuld cntact the persn respnsible. This culd be yur landlrd r the managing agents. If yu are nt happy with their respnse, cntact us n 020 8555 1200 during ffice hurs. 17 We will ask fr yur details, but we wn’t share yur identity.
Shared areas
Shared crridrs must be kept free frm pushchairs, e-bikes r rubbish. 18 . They can even add fuel t a fire and delay firefighting. in a. ire, secnds can make the difference between life and death.
Firefighting equipment and fire drs
Firefighting equipment must be maintained in the building. 19 If yu spt any damage, reprt it t yur husing prvider as sn as yu can. They will arrange fr repairs t be carried ut. And yur frnt dr and drs n hallways shuld be maintained as self-clsing fire drs. They must nt be kept pen as this allws smke and fire t spread quickly. 20 .
A．They can blck yu escape rute.
B．Or, if yu prefer, yu can make a reprt nline
C．The smke and fire can delay essential escape time.
D．Yu are safer t stay in the flat until the firefighters arrive.
E．The specialist equipment can help us t deal with fire quickly
F．Befre yu pen a dr check if it’s warm with the back f yur hand.
G．These are specific plans fr anyne wh needs assistance t escape frm a building.
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
It was early mrning, yet already a bad day. A large cup f range juice slid frm, my hands and fell nt the flr. Glass and sticky 21 went t all crners f the kitchen. I lked at the mess, eyes filled with tears.
I gt in my car t drive int twn. On the way t the 22 I made a decisin. I wuld be careful nt t pass my bad day ff t thers. I wuld be plite and NOT revenge when that annying driver 23 quickly and rudely in frnt f me, causing me t dump my drink n the seat.
Standing in line at the bank, I was silently talking t myself. Actually, I was 24 myself. All my trubles were, in reality, s minr I was ver-reacting. I tried t imagine the numerus individuals that had been affected by 25 , earthquakes, and ther natural disasters.
Fr the secnd time that day my eyes were filed with 26 as I realized hw discnnected I felt frm thse dealing with truly disastrus events. They all seemed s distant and unknwable, and this justified and 27 my belief that I was being self-centered and selfish. I was sure that all my effrts t be a (n) 28 persn were in vain.
A 29 brke thrugh my mental distractins. A bank teller was trying t get my 30 “Yung lady” she was saying. “Yung lady!”
I 31 and int the eyes f the teller, a silver-haired grandmther. Her eyes reflected 32 as she leaned frward and sftly said, “I dn’t knw what is happening t yu, but believe me — everything will be kay.”
Then she did smething incredible. My hands were 33 n the cunter. She placed her hands gently n mine. The tuch was quick but electric. And in ha mment my wrld shifted.
In that mment my self-dubt disappeared. I fund understanding and acceptance. I knew that lve was being 34 thrugh the heart f this gentle wman int mine. I came t a prfund awareness — that I am lved. I smiled. I was my first smile f the day. And frm that mment n my entire day was 35 .
21．A．cffeeB．sauceC．juiceD．cream
22．A．streB．bankC．riverD．clinic
23．A．escapedB．leftC．headedD．pulled
24．A．scldingB．praisingC．acceptingD．applauding
25．A．warsB．hurricanesC．diseasesD．disabilities
26．A．cmplaintB．laughterC．fantasyD．tears
27．A．strengthenedB．reducedC．benefitedD．resisted
28．A．patientB．energeticC．caringD．rmantic
29．A．viceB．niseC．clapD．tick
30．A．absenceB．affectinC．attentinD．attitude
31．A．lked upB．lived upC．caught upD．ended up
32．A．bitternessB．gratitudeC．satisfactinD．cncern
33．A．bleedingB．restingC．writingD．waving
34．A．transplantedB．twistedC．channeledD．displayed
35．A．destryedB．transfrmedC．replacedD．identified
三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nwadays, mre and mre cuntries arund the wrd are hlding celebratins fr the Spring Festival, 36 is regarded as the mst significant festival in China. What’s mre, nt nly are these attended and enjyed by Chinese citizens 37 (live) abrad, but by many ther natinalities, t.
With clrful decratins f lanterns, shpping centers have been rganizing activities fx Chinese Spring Festival fr years, while cncerts and perfrmances are als prving a big 38 (succeed) . Tickets fr 2017 Grand Chinese New Year Cncert in St Petersburg sld ut, 39 90% f the audience lcal Russians. Peple are als discvering the fun f interacting with the celebratins, rather than 40 (simple) watching as part f an audience. 41 (celebrate) the 2017 festival, ver 1000 Ghanaian junir high schl students gt up n stage t perfrm Chinese sngs and dances. Students in New Yrk City, meanwhile, 42 (be) able t enjy an fficial day’s hliday fr Chinese Spring Festival since 2016.
Chinese Spring Festival is becming a glbal celebratin f jy 43 lve. Our Chinese civilizatin is becming mre 44 (influence) . What d yu think f these 45 (phenmenn)? Write t us t share yur pinin!
四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）
46．假定你是李华，你校太极拳社团(Tai Chi Club)开始招募新成员了。请给你的朋友，交换生Micheal，写封邮件邀请他加入。内容包括：
1．太极拳简介；
2．社团活动安排；
3．发出邀请。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80 左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Micheal,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Let’s get smething straight right ff the tp. I’m nt exactly the biggest guy n the hckey team when I was in my middle schl. Okay, the truth is that I’m the smallest player in the league, Hckey is a fast game. It’s like sccer, except it takes place n the ice and yu use sticks and a puck (冰球) instead f a sccer ball. The fact that I weigh half as much as sme players means these guys can hld me ff using just ne arm. I suppsed I shuldn’t be n the team.
My cach calls me the “Angry Chihuahua”. The first time my cach called me that, I didn’t like it at all. I mean, wh wants t be named after a small Mexican dg? But later, I realized he was praising me. One time, I was trying t get the puck frm a huge player. I culdn’t apprach, s I kept switching frm ne side t the ther. I guess that was quite a funny sight because when I gt back t the bench, the cach said I lked like an angry Chihuahua, I didn’t like it at that mment. Hwever, smething happened a few days later, and nw, I wear this name with pride.
In fact, the team laughed when the cach called me the Angry Chihuahua. I pretended t laugh, but inside I was hurt. One player wh didn’t laugh was Eric. He went ut f his way t make me feel at hme n the team.
A week later, we played against anther team. They were all huge and ne f them was the biggest in the league, I knew ne big hit frm him culd leave me injured. In the game, I was skating wit the puck and I passed it t Eric. He was abut t take a sht when this big guy tk his stick and hit Eric n the leg, Eric drpped like a stne n the ice and cried in pain.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.开头已给出。
I saw the guy laughing, and I just culdn’t take it!
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Frm that mment n, my teammates always treated me with the greatest respect.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C
【分析】这是一篇应用文，介绍了洛厄尔室内管弦乐团（LCO）第三届国际协奏曲比赛的相关信息，包括比赛目的、奖项设置、参赛要求和比赛时间安排等。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The Lwell Chamber Orchestra (LCO) is excited t annunce its third annual internatinal cncert (协奏曲)cmpetitin. The cntest aims t give yung artists a chance t perfrm with the LCO during the 2025 - 2026 seasn.(洛厄尔室内管弦乐团（LCO）兴奋地宣布其第三届年度国际协奏曲比赛。该比赛旨在为年轻艺术家提供在2025-2026赛季与LCO合作演出的机会)”可知，LCO国际协奏曲比赛的主要目的是为艺术家提供与LCO合作演奏的机会，故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据“First Place”部分中的“A special bnus fr travel t attend the cncert(参加音乐会的旅行特别津贴)”可知，第一名获奖者将得到参加音乐会表演的旅行津贴，故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据“The vide must:”部分中的“● Be cntinuus and unedited, clearly shwing the cntestant and their accmpanist(s)(连续且未经编辑，清晰地显示参赛者及其伴奏者)”可知，参赛者提交的视频要求必须是清晰且连续的，故选C项。
【答案】4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了和父亲一起搭建泰姬陵乐高模型的经历，并由此引发对生活的思考，乐高模型有明确的说明书，但生活没有，尽管充满不确定性，我们也要带着信心前行。
【解析】4．推理判断题。根据第二段“We faced thusands f tiny white pieces, each packaged with accuracy in numbered plastic bags, accmpanied by a thick instructin bklet, The evenings passed quickly, and the building rse befre ur eyes. We culd see ur effrts cming t fruitin, and as we turned t the bring task f rdering the clred tiles (地砖) n the building’s flr, ur cnversatin t tk a tum (我们面对数千个小小的白色积木，每个都精确地装在编号的塑料袋里，并附有一本厚厚的说明书。夜晚的时光飞逝，建筑物在我们眼前逐渐升起。我们能看到我们的努力正在结出果实，当我们转向为建筑物的地板排列彩色瓷砖这一乏味的任务时，我们的谈话也发生了转变)”可知，搭建乐高面对数千个小小的白色积木，可推理出这个过程是复杂的；同时因搭建的建筑物在我们眼前逐渐升起，我们能看到努力正在结出果实，可推理出这个过程也是有收获的，所以用“Cmplex and rewarding”形容这个过程最合适，故选C项。
5．词句猜测题。根据第五段“Here, we were the architects ding …. But ut in the wrld, we were the nes being assembled. (在这里，我们是进行……的建筑师，但在现实世界中，我们才是被组装的人)”可知下文提到了建筑师和组装，可推理出这里的“assembling”应该是“搭建、组装”的意思，“putting up”有建造、搭建的意思，故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第五段“In the face f uncertainty, we have t mve n, trusting bt in the prcess and the end result(面对不确定性，我们必须继续前进，既相信过程也相信最终结果)”可知，作者建议我们带着信心向前来应对生活中的不确定性，故选D项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Smetimes, n the days I return hme, I g t the spare rm:t lk at the cmpleted Leg mdel, which reminds me that life is built slwly, with mistakes, an element f uncertainty and n instructin bk. It shws that cnsideratin, warmth and faith will result in a life well lived. Like the nw dusty mdel, life itself is nt abut what we materially create r leave behind, but rather bw we lived it. (有时候，在我回家的日子里，我会去那个备用房间看看完成的乐高模型。它提醒我生活是慢慢建立起来的，伴随着错误、不确定性，而且没有说明书。它表明，考虑周到、温暖和信念将带来充实的生活。就像现在布满灰尘的模型一样，生活本身不在于我们物质上创造或留下的东西，而在于我们如何度过它)”可知作者认为看见完成的乐高模型，让作者想起生活是慢慢构建的，有错误，有不确定性因素，生活本身不在于我们物质上创造或留下的东西，而在于我们如何度过它，可推理出对作者来说完成的乐高模型象征着人生之旅，故选B项。
【答案】8．D 9．B 10．C 11．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“无限猴子理论”及一项对此理论的新研究。该理论认为，只要有足够的时间，无限多的猴子最终能打出莎士比亚的全部著作。然而，澳大利亚悉尼科技大学的两名数学家进行的一项新研究表明，在现实世界中，由于资源有限，这一理论并不成立。
【解析】8．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“This thery, develped in 1913 by French mathematician Emile Brel, aims t demnstrate that with enugh time, randm actins can prduce rdered and meaningful results.(这个理论是由法国数学家埃米尔·博雷尔于1913年提出的，旨在证明只要有足够的时间，随机行为可以产生有序和有意义的结果)”可知，无限猴子理论表明只要有足够的时间，随机行为能产生有序和有意义的结果，即随机性在足够的时间内能产生有意义的结果。故选D项。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“The study was carried ut by Stephen Wdcck and Jay Falletta, tw mathematicians at the University f Technlgy Sydney in Australia, They lked at the pssibility f varius lengths f texts being typed by 200,000 chimpanzees (黑猩猩) — rughly the current glbal ppulatin f the species.(这项研究是由澳大利亚悉尼科技大学的两位数学家斯蒂芬·伍德科克和杰伊·法莱塔进行的，他们研究了20万只黑猩猩(大约是目前该物种的全球数量)打出不同长度文本的可能性)”和第四段最后一句“S, what are the dds f a chimpanzee prducing all 884,647wrnds f Shakespeare’s. wrks in a ggl years? The answer is abut 6. 4×107448524, which may as well be zer, nted Science Alert. (那么，一只黑猩猩在一古戈尔年内打出莎士比亚所有884647个单词的可能性是多少呢？答案是6.4×10^7448524，这可能和零一样，Science Alert指出)”可推知，他们从实际出发，评估了无限猴子理论的适用性，发现该理论在现实中并不成立。故选B项。
10．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Each chimpanzee was imagined t hit ne key per secnd and cntinue at this rate fr up t a ggl (10100) years, by which time, accrding t a physics thery, the entire universe will have “died”. (假设每只黑猩猩每秒敲击一个键，并以这个速度持续敲击长达一古戈尔(10^100)年，到那时，根据物理理论，整个宇宙将“死亡”。)”和第四段中“During the study, the mathematicians discvered that within its lifetime, a single chimpanzee has a 5 percent chance f typing the wrd “bananas”. The likelihd f a chimpanzee prducing even a shrt sentence is als extremely lw.( 在研究中，数学家们发现，在其一生中，一只黑猩猩有5%的机会输入“香蕉”这个词。黑猩猩甚至能说出一个短句的可能性也非常低)”可推知，他们是通过基于打字模型的计算概率来进行研究的，没有真的让黑猩猩去打字，而是进行了理论上的计算和评估。故选C项。
11．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句““It shws hw assuming infinite resurces when analyzing prblems can lead t results that are nt relevant r realistic in the real wrld, where resurces are always limited,” said Wdcck in a statement. (伍德科克在一份声明中说：“这表明，在分析问题时，假设资源是无限的，可能会导致在资源总是有限的现实世界中不相关或不现实的结果。”)”可知，伍德科克认为无限猴子理论是“具有误导性的”，因为它忽略了实际的限制，即资源总是有限的。故选A项。
【答案】12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者对于英国GCSE考试成绩公布日的复杂感受。文章指出人文学科越来越不受欢迎，但作者通过个人经历和实例论证了人文学科教育带来的长期好处。由此作者呼吁学生应保持对不同学科和职业道路的开放态度，以享受学习的乐趣并确保劳动力市场的多元化和全面性。
【解析】12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“ I am prud this years graduating students achieved fantastic results, but I am als sad because, fr many, it marks the end f their study f humanities subjects.(我为今年毕业生取得的优异成绩感到骄傲，但我也很难过，因为对许多人来说，这标志着他们人文学科学习的结束)”可知，作者感到难过是因为对于许多人来说，这标志着他们人文学科学习的结束，即越来越多的人不选择学习人文学科。由此可知，人文学科正在失去吸引力或受欢迎程度。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“ Accrding t the Huse f Cmmns Library, students wh started university in 2023 will graduate with an estimated debt f £45,600. As a result, studying STEM subjects, which leads t higher earnings, has greater appeal. (根据下议院图书馆的数据，2023年进入大学的学生毕业时将背负约45600英镑的债务。因此，学习能带来更高收入的STEM学科具有更大的吸引力)”可知，学习人文学科下降的原因是学习STEM学科（科学、技术、工程和数学）能带来更高的收入，因此更有吸引力。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“David Rubenstein, c-funder f a glbal investment firm, argued that a well-runded humanities educatin actually results in higher-paying jbs ver time, Rubenstein’s achievements in private equity (股权) supprts his claim. (一家全球投资公司的联合创始人David Rubenstein认为，随着时间的推移，全面的人文教育实际上会带来收入更高的工作，Rubenstein在私募股权领域的成就支持了他的说法)”可知，David Rubenstein认为全面的人文教育从长远来看会带来更高收入的工作。因此，选项D“It ffers financial benefits in the lng run.(从长远来看，它提供了经济利益)”符合题意。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“As students receive their GCSE results, I urge them t stay pen t different subjects and career paths, maximizing their enjyment f learning and ensuring diverse, well-runded wrkfrces.(当学生们收到他们的GCSE成绩时，我敦促他们。保持开放。不同的学科和职业道路，最大限度地提高他们的学习乐趣，确保多样化，全面发展的劳动力)”可推知，作者建议学生在收到GCSE成绩时，要对不同的学科和职业道路保持开放态度，最大限度地享受学习的乐趣，并确保劳动力市场的多样性和全面性。故选B。
【答案】16．G 17．B 18．A 19．E 20．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了公寓居民在火灾发生时的逃生计划以及相关的消防安全注意事项。
【解析】16．根据段落的标题“Persnal Emergency Escape Plans.(个人紧急逃生计划。)”和下文“They can include a persn with physical disabilities r limited mbility. They als include thse with a temprary cnditin.(它们可以包括身体残疾或行动不便的人。它们还包括那些有临时状况的人。)”可知，空处应该是对个人紧急逃生计划的解释，说明其是针对需要帮助逃离建筑物的人制定的具体计划。选项G“这些是为需要帮助逃离建筑物的人制定的具体计划”符合语境。故选G项。
17．根据上文“If yu are nt happy with their respnse, cntact us n 020 8555 1200 during ffice hurs.(如果你对他们的回复不满意，请在办公时间拨打020 8555 1200联系我们。)”和下文“We will ask fr yur details, but we wn’t share yur identity.(我们会询问您的详细信息，但我们不会透露您的身份。)”可知，空处是在说报告火灾隐患的方式，除了拨打电话，还可以选择网上报告，选项B“或者，如果你愿意，你可以在网上报告”符合语境。故选B项。
18．根据段落的标题是“Shared areas.(共享区域。)”和上文“Shared crridrs must be kept free frm pushchairs, e-bikes r rubbish.(共享走廊必须保持没有婴儿车、电动车或垃圾。)”可知，空处应该说明这些东西在共享区域的危害，选项A“它们会堵住你的逃生路线”符合语境，选项A中的“They”指代的是前文提到的“pushchairs, e-bikes r rubbish”。故选A项。
19．根据段落的标题“Firefighting equipment and fire drs.(消防设备和防火门。)”和上文“Firefighting equipment must be maintained in the building.(建筑物内必须维护消防设备。)”可知，空处是在说明消防设备的作用，选项E“这些专业设备可以帮助我们快速处理火灾”符合语境，选项E中的“The specialist equipment”指代的是前文提到的“Firefighting equipment”。故选E项。
20．根据上文“And yur frnt dr and drs n hallways shuld be maintained as self-clsing fire drs. They must nt be kept pen as this allws smke and fire t spread quickly.(你的前门和走廊上的门应该保持为自动关闭的防火门。它们不能保持开着，因为这样会让烟雾和火势迅速蔓延。)”可知，空处是在说明烟雾和火势的危害，会延误逃生时间，选项C“烟雾和火焰会延误重要的逃生时间”符合语境。故选C项。
【答案】
21．C 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．A 30．C 31．A 32．D 33．B 34．C 35．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者度过了糟糕且混乱的一天，情绪低落地来到银行，一位银行出纳员察觉到了作者心情不好，主动慰问作者，改变了作者的心情。
【解析】21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：玻璃和黏糊糊的果汁溅到了厨房的各个角落。A. cffee咖啡；B. sauce酱汁；C. juice果汁；D. cream奶油。根据上文“A large cup f range juice slid frm, my hands and fell nt the flr.(一大杯橙汁从我手中滑落，掉在地板上)”指果汁溅到了厨房的各个角落。故选C。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在去银行的路上，我做了一个决定。A. stre商店；B. bank银行；C. river河流；D. clinic诊所。根据后文第四空格前“Standing in line at the bank”可知，作者要去银行。故选B。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当那个讨厌的司机迅速粗暴地把车开到我前面，导致我把饮料倒在座位上时，我会很有礼貌，不会报复。A. escaped逃走；B. left离开；C. headed前往；D. pulled拉，（把车）停在某处。根据上文“annying driver”以及后文“quickly and rudely in frnt f me”指司机停车，应用动词pull。故选D。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我在责备自己。A. sclding责备；B. praising赞美；C. accepting接受；D. applauding故障。根据后文“All my trubles were, in reality, s minr I was ver-reacting.(事实上，我所有的烦恼都是微不足道的，我反应过度了)”可知，作者在责备自己反应过度。故选A。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试着想象受飓风、地震和其他自然灾害影响的无数人。A. wars战争；B. hurricanes飓风；C. diseases疾病；D. disabilities残疾。根据后文“earthquakes, and ther natural disasters”指飓风、地震和其他自然灾害。故选B。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是那天我第二次热泪盈眶，因为我意识到自己与那些处理真正灾难性事件的人是多么脱节。A. cmplaint投诉；B. laughter笑声；C. fantasy幻想；D. tears眼泪。根据上文“I lked at the mess, eyes filled with tears.(我看着乱七八糟的东西，眼里充满了泪水)”指作者第二次热泪盈眶。故选D。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们似乎都那么遥远和不可知，这证明并加强了我的信念，我是自我中心和自私的。A. strengthened加强；B. reduced减少；C. benefited受益；D. resisted抵制。根据后文“my belief that I was being self-centered and selfish”指作者意识到自己与那些处理真正灾难性事件的人是多么脱节，这证明并加强了作者认为自己自我中心和自私的信念，故选A。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我确信我所有想要成为一个有爱心的人的努力都白费了。A. patient耐心的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. caring关心他人的；D. rmantic浪漫的。根据上文“I realized hw discnnected I felt frm thse dealing with truly disastrus events.”可知，作者认识到自己与那些处理真正灾难性事件的人是脱节了，推测作者想成为一个有爱心的人的努力都白费了。故选C。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个响亮的声音打破了我的心绪。A. vice嗓音；B. nise噪音；C. clap拍手；D. tick滴答声。根据后文““Yung lady” she was saying. “Yung lady!””可知，出纳的嗓音打破了作者的心绪。故选A。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位银行出纳试图引起我的注意，她说：“小姐，小姐!”A. absence缺席；B. affectin喜爱；C. attentin注意力；D. attitude态度。根据后文““Yung lady” she was saying. “Yung lady!””可知，出纳想引起作者的注意，故选C。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我抬起头，看着出纳员的眼睛，她是一位满头银发的老奶奶。A. lked up抬头看；B. lived up不辜负；C. caught up赶上；D. ended up结束。根据后文“and int the eyes f the teller”指作者抬头看着出纳员的眼睛。故选A。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她探身向前，眼睛里流露出关切的神情，轻声说：“我不知道你发生了什么事，但请相信我——一切都会好起来的。”A. bitterness苦味；B. gratitude感激；C. satisfactin满足；D. cncern担心，关切。根据后文“I dn’t knw what is happening t yu, but believe me — everything will be kay.(我不知道你怎么了，但是相信我，一切都会好起来的)”可知，对方关心作者。故选D。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的手放在柜台上。A. bleeding流血；B. resting休息，搁置；C. writing写；D. waving挥动。根据后文“n the cunter”指作者的手放在柜台上，故选B。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道爱正通过这个温柔的女人的心进入我的心。A. transplanted移植；B. twisted扭曲；C. channeled引导，输送；D. displayed展示。根据后文“thrugh the heart f this gentle wman int mine”指爱在作者和出纳员的心中传递，故选C。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那一刻起，我的一整天都改变了。A. destryed破坏；B. transfrmed改变；C. replaced取代；D. identified识别。根据上文“I came t a prfund awareness—that I am lved. I smiled. I was my first smile f the day.(我深刻地意识到我是被爱着的。我笑了笑。这是我今天的第一个微笑)”可知，出纳员改变了作者的心情，作者的一天也因此改变了。故选B。
【答案】
36．which 37．living 38．success 39．with 40．simply 41．T celebrate 42．have been 43．and 44．influential 45．phenmena
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国春节在世界各地的影响。
【解析】36．考查定语从句。句意：如今，世界各地越来越多的国家都在庆祝春节，春节被认为是中国最重要的节日。此处为非限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词the Spring Festival并在从句中作主语，使用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which.
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：更重要的是，不仅居住在海外的中国公民参加和享受这些活动，而且许多其他国籍的人也参加和享受这些活动。空白处在句子中作定语，且与逻辑主语Chinese citizens构成主动关系，应用现在分词。故填living.
38．考查名词。句意：多年来，购物中心一直用彩灯进行装饰来组织中国春节的活动，音乐会和表演也取得了巨大的成功。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词success，由空前不定冠词a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填success。
39．考查介词。句意：圣彼得堡2017年春节音乐会的门票已经售罄，90%的观众是俄罗斯本地人。此处为“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”的复合结构，在句中作状语，且有表示“伴随，具有”的意思。故填with。
40．考查副词。句意：人们也正在发现与庆祝活动互动的乐趣，而不是仅仅作为观众的一部分观看。空白处修饰动词watching，应用副词simply“仅仅”，作状语。故填simply。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝2017年的春节，1000多名加纳初中生上台表演中国歌舞。空白处在句子中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填T celebrate。
42．考查动词时态。句意：与此同时，自2016年以来，纽约市的学生能够享受中国春节的法定假日。根据时间状语since 2016可知，句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，主语students是复数，助动词使用have。故填have been。
43．考查连词。句意：中国春节正在成为一个全球性的欢乐与爱的庆典。根据上文“jy(欢乐)”以及下文“lve(爱)”可知，这里表示并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
44．考查形容词。句意：我们的中华文明正变得更有影响力。空白处在句子中作表语表示属性，应用形容词influential“有影响力的”。故填influential。
45．考查名词复数。句意：你对这些现象有何看法？给我们写信分享你的观点！空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词，由空前these可知，应用名词复数。故填phenmena。
46．【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Micheal,
The Tai Chi Club at ur schl is taking n new members. I’m writing t invite yu t jin us.
Tai Chi is a traditinal Chinese martial art fcusing n slw mvements and deep breathing. It can imprve ur physical balance and flexibility. It als helps t reduce anxiety and prmte a state f mental peace.
Jining the club is a gd chance t exercise, meet peple and get a taste f Chinese culture as well. We meet every Friday afternn at the schl hall, practising Tai Chi with the guidance f experienced instructrs.
If yu’re interested, let me knw.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。校太极拳社团(Tai Chi Club)开始招募新成员，要求考生给交换生Micheal写封邮件邀请他加入。
【详解】1.词汇积累
传统的：traditinal → cnventinal
专注于：fcus n → cncentrate n
机会：chance → pprtunity
教练：instructr → cach
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Tai Chi is a traditinal Chinese martial art fcusing n slw mvements and deep breathing.
拓展句：Tai Chi is a traditinal Chinese martial art, which fcuses n slw mvements and deep breathing.
【点睛】[高分句型1]We meet every Friday afternn at the schl hall, practising Tai Chi with the guidance f experienced instructrs. (运用了现在分词作伴随状语)
[高分句型2]If yu’re interested, let me knw. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)
47．【答案】I saw the guy laughing, and I just culdn’t take it! S angry was I that I dashed twards him, yelling at him at the tp f my lungs. The guy, wh was twice the size f me, turned arund and pushed me. I went flying backwards, sliding alng the ice. I hit the ice s hard that I culdn’t breathe. But when I lked up, my teammates had all cme ver t pull him ff me. They shved him away and then he was given a ten-game suspensin.
Frm that mment n, my teammates always treated me with the greatest respect. I think they were shcked t see that smene s small wuld dare t stand up t such a huge bully, which wn me their admiratin. Als, Eric treated me like his brther frm then n as he tld me gratefully, “A friend in need is a friend in deed.” Ever since then, I’ve learned t cntrl my emtins, but everyne in the league heard the stry. They all knw that althugh I may be small, I dn’t give up. I guess it’s nt s bad being knwn as the Angry Chihuahua after all.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在中学时加入冰球队的故事。作者是队里最小的球员，起初因身材矮小而不被看好，甚至被教练戏称为“愤怒的小吉娃娃”。但在一次比赛中，作者勇敢地站出来保护队友，对抗欺凌者，赢得了队友们的尊重和钦佩。从此，作者以“愤怒的小吉娃娃”的称号为荣，学会了控制情绪，并在联赛中赢得了认可。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句“我看到那家伙在笑，我简直受不了！”可知，该段描述了作者看到队友被欺凌时的愤怒反应，以及被欺凌者推倒在地上的情景。随后，队友们赶来救援，将欺凌者赶走，并使其受到十场比赛的停赛处罚。
②由第二段首句“从那时起，我的队友们总是对我抱有最大的尊重。”可知，该段描述了这次事件后，队友们对作者态度的转变，开始尊重并钦佩他。同时，Eric也将作者视为兄弟，作者也学会了控制情绪，并赢得了联赛中其他人的认可。
2.续写线索：
勇敢反抗——赢得尊重——与Eric成为兄弟——学会控制情绪——获得认可
3.词汇激活
行为类
①推倒在地：push sb. t the grund/knck sb. dwn/shve sb. ff
②推开：shve away/push away
③控制情绪：cntrl emtins/keep ne’s cmpsure
情绪类
①震惊：be shcked/feel astnished/be amazed
②感激地：gratefully/appreciative
【点睛】[高分句型1]S angry was I that I dashed twards him, yelling at him at the tp f my lungs.(运用了倒装句的结构)
[高分句型2]I think they were shcked t see that smene s small wuld dare t stand up t such a huge bully, which wn me their admiratin.(运用了关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句)