北京市2023_2024学年高一英语上学期12月月考试题无答案

这是一份北京市2023_2024学年高一英语上学期12月月考试题无答案，共11页。
第一部分：听力理解（共三节，20分）
第一节（共4小题；每小题1分，共4分）
听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听一遍。
1. What will the speakers prbably d?
A. They will have breakfast sn.
B. They will have lunch withut waiting fr father.
C. They will have lunch when the father is back.
2. What can we knw frm the dialgue?
A. The cake is s delicius that everybdy will lve it.
B. The wman will tell the man hw t make the cake.
C. The man will ck a cake fr his children.
3. What des the wman mean?
A. Nbdy beys the traffic rules.
B. Sme drivers dn’t care much abut the traffic.
C. Drivers like taking U-turns in the middle f the rad.
4. Where are the speakers likely t be?
A. At the mvie.B. At the market.C. At the beach.
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第5至6小题。
5. Why did the man decide t buy the sunglasses?
A. Because he liked the clr and the style very much.
B. Because the sunglasses were n sale.
C. Because the sunglasses suit him well and there was a discunt.
6. What was the riginal price fr the sunglasses?
A. 180 yuan.B. 270 yuan.C. 360 yuan.
听下面一段对话，回答第7至8题。
7. What d we knw abut the wman?
A. She will prbably be busy in a few days.
B. She’s the man’s secretary.
C. She’s a wrkahlic.
8. Hw des the wman feel when she has nthing t d?
A. Stressed.B. Lazy.C. Uncmfrtable.
听下面一段对话，回答第9至10题。
9. Hw did the wman learn Chinese?
A. She nce went t Japan.
B. She learned it in schl.
C. She learned it frm her father.
10. Hw lng has the wman been in China?
A. Fr 30 years.B. Fr 20 years.C. Fr 25 years.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至12题。
11. What might be the relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Husband and wife.B. Teacher and student.C. Friends.
12. Why did the man put his feet n the wman’s table?
A. Because he wanted t make the table dirty.
B. Because he felt gd with his feet n the table.
C. Because he wanted t buy the table with a lw price.
听下面一段独白，回答第13至14题。
13. Why have the fires spread s fast?
A. Because f the drught cnditins.
B. Because there are t many plants.
C. Because few peple are fighting the fire.
14. What is the driver’s attitude tward putting ut the fire quickly?
A. Optimistic.B. Uninterested.C. Dubtful.
第三节（共4小题；每小题1.5分，共6分）
听下面一段独白，完成第15至18四道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。将答案填写在答题纸相应的位置。
Techniques t imprve memry
第二部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Online gamers cnstantly make life and death decisins at their keybards—but it’s just agame. A Texas gamer was faced with a real-life situatin and helped 19 the life f a fellwplayer—5,000 miles away.
Aidan, in England, was playing an nline game in his bedrm when he had a seizure. Hisplaying partner, Dia, in Texas. just put her headset n and heard what she culd nly describe asa seizure, s she started t get 20 and asked what was ging n and if he was OK. Whenhe didn’t respnd, she 21 started t lk up the emergency number in the UK. When thatdidn’t wrk, she just had t hpe the nn-emergency number wuld wrk. It had an 22 frtalking t a real persn.
Smene answered the call and she had t frce herself nt t 23 and t stay calm.“Hi, I’m 24 in the US and in a call with my friend,”Dia tld the peratr. “He had a seizureand he’s nt respnding anymre. I d have his 25 N ne’s hme with him right nw, sI’m just trying t get him sme help.”
Actually, Aidan’s parents were watching televisin dwnstairs and did nt 26 theirsn was in danger until three plice fficers kncked at their dr.
“We are extremely thankful fr what Dia did and 27 that we culd be dwnstairs andnt knw anything was happening,”Aidan’s mther said. “Dia had ur address but didn’t haveany cntact numbers, s it was amazing that she 28 t get help frm s far away. I’vespken t her and expressed ur thanks—she’s glad she culd help.”
19. A. spareB. enrichC. devteD. save
20. A. threatenedB. trappedC. cncernedD. annyed
21. A. eventuallyB. instantlyC. suddenlyD. especially
22. A. ptinB. rderC. arrangementD. actin
23. A. expldeB. cmplainC. panicD. quit
24. A. accidentallyB. currentlyC. bviuslyD. frequently
25. A. ageB. nameC. numberD. address
26. A. decideB. explainC. realizeD. judge
27. A. relievedB. shckedC. puzzledD. bred
28. A. managedB. learnedC. hpedD. prmised
第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题15分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
There is ne rad that spans thusands f years. Alng it are the eches f camel belts, 29 (cnnect)past with present. Crssing muntains and seas, the rad unveils a prmising traderute between the East and West. The rad fully embraces the diversity f civilizatins. 30 (prpse)by China in 2013, the rad belngs t the whle wrld with peace and develpment asits beacn. It 31 (embdy)principles fextensive cnsultatin and jint cntributin frshared benefits. Eventually it leads t a visin f happiness and well-being fr peple f allcuntries. It is a bnd f cperatin as well as friendship. It is nt nly a rad f trade, but alsa rad f happiness.
B
Researchers are studying the uncnscius reactins that happen when we make eye cntact.They have fund that making eye cntact makes us less aware f 32 is happening arundus. We becme mre fcused n the persn lking at us. Eye cntact als increases brain activityand makes us mre self-cnscius. Even lking at a painting 33 appears t be makingeye cntact can als affect areas f the brain related t thinking abut urselves and ther peple.Studies have als shwn that it is 34 (hard)fr peple t cncentrate when smene islking at them. This frm f eye cntact interferes with ur 35 (imagine)and even urwrking memry.
C
36 (celebrate)Dragn Bat Festival, an underwater dance perfrmance titled Praywas aired n Henan TV last Saturday night, the first day f the hliday. Featuring the gddess fLu River — a mysterius beauty best knwn in the petry f Ca Zhi during the ThreeKingdms perid, , the dancer Haha He, 37 frmer synchrnized swimmer(花样游泳), recreated the elegance f this ancient Chinese gddess. The entire dance 38 (film)in26 hurs, accrding t the shw’s directr Jiyng Gu. Netizens, amazed by the perfrmance, cmmented every frame f it lks like a mural (壁画). Sme said it speaks t real culturalcnfidence.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If yu’re lking t buy a gift fr yur children, why nt keep up with the trend and get the besthverbard?
What is a Hverbard?
A hverbard is a tw-wheeled persnaltransprtatin device. It’s electrical, prtable andbecame highly ppular in 2015 in reference t a ppular1980’s mvie. Typically, this self-balancing deviceperates like a pwered skatebard.
Hw Des a Hverbard Wrk?
The device may have many designs, but the mechanism itself isn’t cmplicated. Basically, a standard hverbard cntains:
Battery:stres the electrical pwer. Almst all hverbards use a high-watt lithium-inbattery.
● Gyrscpe (ne fr each wheel):allws riders t tilt (倾斜) the hverbard whilemaintaining balance and adjusting their directin.
● Mtr (ne in each wheel):prvides the pwer t the wheels t keep the rider balanced andupright.
Lgic bard:functins as the hverbard brain. It prcesses data—yur speed, tilt, etc.—and sends infrmatin t the mtrs. This unit cntrls the pwer f the bard s riders canadjust their speed.
All the abve cmpnents wrk tgether t cntrl the pwer and tilt f the hverbards sthe rider is balanced, upright and mving at a cntrlled speed.
Why Buy a Hverbard?
Undubtedly, hverbards are cl. Yu’ve prbably seen kids riding ne arund the huse.They’re a phenmenn and everybdy wants in. S, why deny yur kids and prevent them frmbeing part f this trend?
Where is a hverbard legal?
Despite their wild ppularity, hverbards have yet t becme “street-legal”. Currently, sme places prhibit anyne under 16 frm using these devices, and hverbards are banned inacademic institutins and public places, like campus buildings. parks, shpping malls andsubway statins. Sme places have als put speedlimits n the devices and restricted their use tbike paths. Hwever, pen areas—including yur yard—are free f these restrictins.
39. The lgic bard f a hverbard can ________.
A. stre electricityB. pwer the wheels
C send infrmatin t the ridersD. receive data and give cmmand
40. Accrding t the passage, a hverbard can be used ________.
A. n campusB. in parksC. n bike pathsD in shpping malls
41. What is the main purpse f this passage?
A. T evaluate a gift’s quality.
B. T recmmend a gif chice.
C. T cmpare new hverbard mdels.
D. T clarify functins f the latest hverbards.
B
Objects
When my father died, ne f the tasks that fell t me was t srt thrugh and decide whichbjects t save and which t thrw away. Nw I lk at the bjects f my life as if I were dead, wndering, what will my children d with the human skull (头骨) that sits n the bkcase?They’ve been wanting t thrw it ut fr sme years, but will they knw hw much can belearned frm living with a skull?And I knw they will thrw the white plastic head f a hrsen my desk int a rubbish bag withut a thught, never knwing that it is the nly pieceremaining frm the first chess set I wned. It is me at age twelve.
But the final decisins are left t thse wh knw us least—ur children. I was the clsestt my father and knew him well;hwever, nly whenI was ging thrugh his study did I learnhe had cllected picture pstcards f htels. What was I t d with all the bjects that had beenhim?The sad part f me wanted t put everything in my car and take it hme. The ratinal (理性的) wn, hwever, and I filled rubbish bags with ld newspapers, magazines, aplgizing this spirit as I did. I culd nt thrw ut the thusands f pictures he had taken n his travels. Ibrught the pictures hme, thugh I will never lk at them. I brught twelve bxes f my fatherhme.
I lk at the bjects that are my life and the nly way my children can satisfy me is by nttuching a thing. But they must if I am t g n with my death. And I wnder hw many bxesf me will my children keep?I lk at these bjects that are me and knw, t, that they aresymbls f hw alne I and each f us is, fr n ne knws what any bject means except he rshe wh wns it. Every bject f ur lives is a memry, and emtin surrunds arund it, hidingand prtecting a tiny truth f the heart. Only I nave the memries f when and hw each ne wasbtained;I lk at the bjects that are me. and the memries are warm and permeated with lve.
42. Why des the writer keep the plastic head f a hrse?
A. Because it brings back memries f his childhd.
B. Because he accepted it as a prize fr a cmpetitin
C. Because it makes him a very gd chess player.
D. Because his father gave it t him as a gift.
43. Hw did the writer deal with the remaining bjects f his father after he died?
A. He threw everything away.
B. He saved sme f the wrthless bjects.
C. He tk sme f them t his wn huse.
D. He srted them and put them int gd rder.
44. What d we knw abut the writer?
A. He knws mre abut his father after his father died.
B. He relies n his children t deal with his pssessins.
C. He prefers t cllect different skulls
D. He is very strict with his children.
45. Accrding t the last paragraph, the bjects we save ________.
A. serve as the symbls f ur scial class
B. are reminders f past experiences
C. are quite expensive and valuable
D. make us prud f urselves
C
A butterfly’s wings can have many jbs besides keeping the insect high up in the air. Theymay be used t attract mates, r t warm ptential attackers t stay away. All f these rles, thugh, depend n their unchanging cluratin. This plays int the idea that butterfly wings are deadtissue, like a bird’s feathers. In fact, that’s nt true. Fr example, in sme species males’wingshave special cells releasing sme chemicals which attract females.
Nanfang Yu, a physicist at Clumbia University, in New Yrk, has been lking int thematter. Tgether with Nami Pierce, a butterfly specialist at Harvard University, he has nwshwn, in a paper published in Nature Cmmunicatins in February, 2020, that butterfly wingsare, indeed, very much alive.
In their experiments, the tw researchers used a laser t heat up spts n the wings fdzens f butterfly species. When the temperature f the area under the laser reached 40℃ r s, the insects respnded within secnds by ding things that stpped their wings heating up further.These actins included a butterfly turning arund t minimize its prfile t the laser, mving itswings up and dwn r simply walking away.
Butterflies engaged in all f these heat-minimizing activities even when the researchersblindflded them. That suggested the relevant sensrs were n the wings themselves. Dr. Yu andDr. Pierce therefre searched thse wings fr likely lking sensry cells. They fund sme, inthe frm f neurns (神经元) that were similar t heat detectrs knwn frm ther insects. Theyals uncvered disc-shaped cells that appeared t be similar t pressure-sensitive neurns. Theyguess that these are there t detect defrmatin f the wing—infrmatin an insect culd use tcntrl its flight pattern.
The third discvery they made t cntradict the “dead wing”idea was that sme butterflywings have a heartbeat. A butterfly’s wings have veins(静脉). These carry a bldlike liquidwhich, researchers have nw fund in males, shws a pulse f several dzen beats per minute.The surce f this pulse appears t be the scent pad, a dark spt n the wings that prduces thefemale-attracting chemicals. Apparently, this“wing heart”acts as a pump that helps bldlikeliquid thrugh the scent pad.
In all their experiments simulating different envirnmental cnditins, Dr. Yu and Dr. Piercecnsistently fund that, different parts f the wing are cvered by different srts f scales(鳞屑). In particular, tubes pass thrugh scales ver the scent pads. This imprves their ability t spreadheat away and helps keep the living parts f a butterfly’s wing alive.
46. A bird’s feathers are mentined in Paragraph 1 t ________.
A. intrduce the latest research findings n a bird
B. highlight the special feature f a bird’s feathers
C. shw cmmn knwledge abut butterfly wings
D. stress the difference between a butterfly and a bird
47. What can we learn frm Dr. Yu and Dr. Pierce’s experiments?
A. Butterfly wings are cmplicated living rgans.
B. Butterfly wings have little reactin t external heat.
C The scent pads n sme male butterfly wings are their hearts.
D. Heat-minimizing activities help detect defrmatin f the wings.
48. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A Seeing Is BelievingB. Mre Than Meets The Eye
C. Nthing Seek, Nthing FindD Fine Feathers Make Fine Birds
D
We talk cntinuusly abut hw t make children mre “resilient”, but whatever we’reding, it’s nt wrking. Rates f anxiety disrders and depressin are rising rapidly amngteenagers. What are we ding wrng?
Nassim Taleb invented the wrd “antifragile”and used it t describe a small but veryimprtant class f systems that gain frm shcks, challenges, and disrder. The immune systemis ne f them:it requires expsure t certain kinds f bacteria and ptential allergens (过敏原) in childhd in rder t develp t its full ability.
Children’s scial and emtinal abilities are as antifragile as their immune systems. If weverprtect kids and keep them“safe”frm unpleasant scial situatins and negative emtins, we deprive (剥夺) them f the challenges and pprtunities fr skill-building they need t grw, strng. Such children are likely t suffer mre when expsed later t ther unpleasant butrdinary life events, such as teasing and scial rejectin.
It’s nt the kids’fault. In the UK, as in the US, parents became much mre fearful in the1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet expsed everyne, mre and mre, t thserare ccurrences f crimes and accidents that nw ccur less and less. Outdrplay and independent mbility went dwn;screen time and adult-mnitred activities went up.
Yet free play in which kids wrk ut their wn rules f engagement, take small risks, andlearn t master small dangers turns ut t be vital fr the develpment f adult scial and evenphysical cmpetence. Depriving them f free play prevents their scial-emtinal grwth.Nrwegian play researchers Ellen Sandseter and Leif Kennair warned:“We may bserve anincreased anxiety r mental disrders in sciety if children are frbidden frm participating inage adequate risky play.”
They wrte thse wrds in 2011. Over the fllwing few years, their predictin came true.Kids brn after 1994 are suffering frm much higher rates f anxiety disrders and depressinthan did the previus generatin. Besides, there is als a rise in the rate at which teenage girlsare admitted t hspital fr deliberately harming themselves.
What can we d t change these trends?Hw can we raise kids strng enugh t handle therdinary and extrardinary challenges f life?We can’t guarantee that giving primary schlchildren mre independence tday will bring dwn the rate f teenage suicide tmrrw. Thelinks between childhd verprtectin and teenage mental illness are suggestive but ntclear-cut. Yet there are gd reasns t suspect that by depriving ur naturally antifragile kids f thewide range f experiences they need t becme strng, we are systematically preventing theirgrwth. We shuld let g—and let them grw.
49. Why des the authr mentin the immune system in Paragraph 2?
A. T stress its imprtance.B. T analyze the cause f anxiety.
C. T questin the latest discvery.D. T help understand a new wrd.
50. Parents verprtect children because ________.
A. they are cncerned abut their children’s safety
B. they want t keep children frm being teased
C. parent-mnitred activities are a must
D. children are nt independent enugh
51. Accrding t the authr, free play can ________.
A. prmte children’s resilienceB. strengthen children’s friendship
C. reduce children’s risky behavirD. develp children’s leadership skills
52. Which f the fllwing des the authr prbably agree with?
A. Stp trying t perfect yur child.
B. It takes great curage t raise children.
C. Prepare the child fr the rad, nt the rad fr the child.
D. While we try t teach ur children all abut life, ur children teach us what life is allabut.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Public Speaking and Critical Thinking
What is critical thinking?T a certain degree, it’s a matter f lgic—f being able t sptweaknesses in ther peple’s arguments and t avid them in yur wn. It als includes relatedskills such as distinguishing fact frm pinin and assessing the sundness f evidence.
In the brad sense, critical thinking is fcused, rganized thinking—the ability t see clearlythe relatinships amng ideas. 53 The greatest thinkers, scientists, and inventrshave ften taken infrmatin that was readily available and put it tgether differently t prducenew ideas. That, t, is critical thinking.
54 As the class ges n, fr example, yu will prbably spend a gd deal ftime rganizing yur speeches. While this may seem like a purely mechanical exercise, it isclsely cnnected with critical thinking. If the structure f yur speech is lse and cnfused, chances are that yur thinking is als disrdered and cnfused. If, n the ther hand, the structureis clear, there is a gd chance yur thinking is t. Organizing a speech is nt just a matter farranging the ideas yu already have. 55
What is true f rganizatin is true f many aspects f public speaking. 56 As yuwrk n expressing yur ideas in clear, accurate language, yu will imprve yur ability t thinkclearly and accurately. 57 As yu learn t listen critically t speeches in class, yuwill be better able t assess the ideas f speakers in a variety f situatins.
If yu take full advantage f yur speech class, yu will be able t develp yur skills as acritical thinker in many circumstances. This is ne reasn public speaking has been regarded asa vital part f educatin since the days f ancient Greece.
A. Rather, it is an imprtant part f shaping the ideas themselves.
B. This may seem like a lt f time, but the rewards are well wrth it.
C. It may als help yu t knw that there is n such thing as a perfect speech.
D. It has ften been said that there are few new ideas in the wrld, nly rerganized ideas.
E. If yu are wndering what this has t d with yur public speaking class, the answer is quitea lt.
F. The skills yu learn in yur speech class can help yu becme a mre effective thinker in anumber f ways.
G. As yu study the rle f evidence and reasning in speech making, yu will see hw they canbe used in ther frms f cmmunicatin as well.
第四部分：书面表达（共一节，12分）
阅读表达（共4小题；第58、59小题各2分，第60小题3分；第61小题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Cllecting As a Hbby
Cllecting must be ne f the mst varied f human activities, and it’s ne that manypsychlgists find fascinating.
Sme peple cllect because they want t make mney. This culd be called an instrumentalreasn fr cllecting. They’ll lk fr, say, antiques that they can buy cheaply and expect t sellat a prfit. But there may well be a psychlgical element, t—buying cheap and selling dearcan give the cllectr a sense f achievement.
Anther mtive fr cllecting is the desire t find smething special. Sme may spend theirwhle lives in a hunt fr this. Psychlgically, this can give a purpse t a life that therwisefeels aimless. There is a danger, thugh, that if the individual is ever lucky enugh t find whatthey’re lking fr, rather than celebrating their success, they may feel empty, nw that the galthat drve them n has gne.
If yu think abut cllecting pstage stamps, anther ptential reasn is its educatinalvalue. Stamp cllecting pens a windw t ther cuntries, and t the plants, animals, r famuspeple shwn n their stamps. In the past, and nwadays, t, a ppular frm f cllecting, wastrainsptting. This might invlve trying t see every lcmtive(火车头)f a particular type, using published data that identify each ne, and ticking ff each engine as it is seen. As a by-prduct, many train sptters becme very knwledgeable abut railway peratins, r thetechnical specificatins f different engine types.
Nt all cllectrs are interested in learning frm their hbbies. Sme peple cllect becausef the need fr a sense f cntrl. Stamp cllectrs, fr instance, arrange their stamps in albumsvery neatly accrding t their preferred principles.
All hbbies give pleasure, but the cmmn factr in cllecting is usually passin. Cllectingcan be ttally appealing, and can give a strng sense f persnal achievement. T nn-cllectrsit may appear a strange way f spending time, but ptentially, cllecting has a lt ging fr it.
58. What is the instrumental reasn fr cllecting?
59. What is the danger f hunting fr smething special as a life purpse?
60. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explainwhy.
Cllectrs gain material and psychlgical benefits frm cllecting, but nn-cllectrsmay nt see its value, s they are nt advised t have a try.
Techniques
Examples
Use yur memry asmuch as pssible
Try t learn smething new, because the 15 activities canstimulate the brain.
16 fcusing
Take any bject and think abut its varius characteristics.
Relax
Try hlding yur 17 fr ten secnds, and then release itslwly.
Assciate
Think abut a special feature f a persn’s face and then 18 with his name.