山西省晋城市2023-2024学年高三（上）1月第一次模拟(期末)英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份山西省晋城市2023-2024学年高三（上）1月第一次模拟(期末)英语试卷（解析版），共18页。
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分60分)
第一节 (共15 小题；每小题3分，满分 45分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Fr Grandparents Day r any day, a free and easy gift is t give ne f these bks t a belved nana (奶奶) r grandpa and read the bk tgether with the grandchild.
Nana Akua Ges t Schl by Tricia Elam Walker
Zura feels nervus abut Nana Akua visiting her schl fr Grandparents Day because Nana has permanent African tribal marks n her face. When the day arrives, Akua explains that she is frm Ghana and the marks were a gift frm her parents and she feels prud t wear them. She shws the class a quilt filled with ther symbls frm Ghana and each child gets t pick a symbl they lve t wear n their face with face paint.
Tiny, Perfect Things by M. H. Clark
Celebrate the wnders f rdinary, small things as a girl and her grandfather take a walk t ntice all the tiny and perfect things; things like a yellw leaf, a snail, a red bttle cap, a flwer grwing thrugh a sidewalk crack…When they arrive hme, the little girl excitedly shares abut the wnders she saw.
Nana in the City by Lauren Castill
The by desn’t like the city where Nana lives, because he thinks it’s lud and scary. Nana gives him a fancy red cape that makes him feel very brave. And he and Nana walk thrugh the city, discvering all that is wnderful abut it.
I Lve Yu Much Much by Rachel Más Davidsn
Rsie visits her nana, but she frgets Nana desn’t speak English. Hw will they cmmunicate? First, they start with fd. Then they d art tgether and take a walk. Nana says a wrd in Spanish and Rsie says the wrd in English. N matter what, their lve is a language f its wn that desn’t need wrds.
1. What might Zura wrry abut?
A. Her nana is lked dwn upn.
B. Her nana fails t visit her schl.
C. Her nana’s explanatin is uncnvincing.
D. Her nana is t prud t wear the marks.
2. Frm which f the fllwing can readers feel the charm f nature?
A. Nana Akua Ges t Schl.B. Nana in the City.
C. Tiny, Perfect Things. D. I Lve Yu Much Much.
3. What message des I Lve Yu Much Much cnvey?
A. Lve truly matters a lt. B. We shuld cmmunicate in English.
C. Bdy language is imprtant.D. We shuld learn multiple languages.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章推荐了可以在祖父母节送给祖父母的四本书。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Nana Akua Ges t Schl by Tricia Elam Walker部分中“Zura feels nervus abut Nana Akua visiting her schl fr Grandparents Day because Nana has permanent African tribal marks n her face.(祖拉对奶奶来学校过祖父母节感到很紧张，因为奶奶脸上有永久的非洲部落印记)”可知，奶奶脸上有永久的非洲部落标记，由此推知，Zura担心这会让她的奶奶在学校受到同学们的歧视或嘲笑。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tiny, Perfect Things by M. H. Clark部分中“Celebrate the wnders f rdinary, small things as a girl and her grandfather take a walk t ntice all the tiny and perfect things; things like a yellw leaf, a snail, a red bttle cap, a flwer grwing thrugh a sidewalk crack…When they arrive hme, the little girl excitedly shares abut the wnders she saw.(颂扬平凡的小东西小事的奇迹，当一个女孩和她的祖父散步时，注意到所有微小而完美的事物；比如一片黄叶、一只蜗牛、一个红色的瓶盖、一朵从人行道裂缝里钻出来的花……当他们回到家时，小女孩兴奋地分享着她所看到的奇迹。)”可知，在Tiny, Perfect Things一书中，读者能感受到大自然的魅力。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据I Lve Yu Much Much by Rachel Más Davidsn部分“Rsie visits her nana, but she frgets Nana desn’t speak English. Hw will they cmmunicate? First, they start with fd. Then they d art tgether and take a walk. Nana says a wrd in Spanish and Rsie says the wrd in English. N matter what, their lve is a language f its wn that desn’t need wrds.(罗茜去看望奶奶，但她忘了奶奶不会说英语。他们将如何沟通?首先，他们从食物开始。然后他们一起做艺术，一起散步。奶奶用西班牙语说一个单词，罗茜用英语说这个单词。无论如何，他们的爱是一种不需要言语的语言)”可知，I Lve Yu Much Much一书中讲述了罗茜和奶奶语言不通，但她们用爱交流的故事，所以这本书要表达的是爱真的很重要。故选A项。
B
A 36-year-ld man is attempting t set a new recrd by rwing 5,000 miles sl frm Hawaii t Australia while dedicating his jurney t saving the planet.
Tez Steinberg, f Bulder, Clrad, plans t leave Hawaii n December 20 n his sl trip acrss the Pacific Ocean. Actually, it’s the secnd leg f an adventure that began in 2020 when he rwed sl fr 71 days frm Mnterey, Califrnia, t Oahu, Hawaii.
Steinberg began t experience depressin while he was in cllege. At the time, he fund a slutin by participating in endurance sprts. “It helped me feel better,” he said. “But as I went farther and farther, pushing myself thrugh marathns and triathlns, I discvered this belief in myself that I’m s much strnger than I thught I was.”
Hwever, in 2016, his life tk a big turn after the sudden death f his dad. The blw caused him t challenge himself even mre by sl rwing acrss an cean. After successfully cmpleting the task withut any prir prfessinal experience, Steinberg realized he culd use his stry t inspire ther peple t believe in themselves and their ptential t change and grw.
Recalling the first jurney at sea, he said, “I was s surprised by hw beautiful the cean was, and als hw much plastic I saw. S it was that realizatin at sea that led me t want t g back ut again.” Inspired by his first expeditin, Steinberg’s new missin is t fcus n cean cnservatin, and specifically cean plastics. “All the plastic I saw at sea was just heartbreaking,” he said.
The upcming vyage will be part f an attempt t break a Guinness Wrld Recrd. Nevertheless, breaking recrds isn’t his pririty. “Persnally, althugh a wrld recrd is exciting, that’s nt why I’m in it. The wrld recrd is fun fr media attentin, but thrugh it we can get mre dnatins, supprt and actin fr cean plastics,” Steinberg said.
4. What can we learn abut Steinberg frm paragraphs 3 and 4?
A. He suffered academically.
B. He was expert in extreme sprts.
C. He gained cnfidence frm mtivating thers.
D. He turned t challenging tasks in face f difficulties.
5. Why did Steinberg g n the first adventure at sea?
A. T recver frm the state f depressin.
B. T relieve the pain f his father’s passing.
C. T inspire ther peple t fulfil their dreams.
D. T challenge himself t achieve the impssible.
6. What is Steinberg’s main purpse in setting ff fr the secnd expeditin?
A. T break a wrld recrd. B. T establish a gd reputatin.
C. T cntribute t cean prtectin.D. T urge gvernments t take actin.
7. Which f the fllwing best describes Steinberg?
A. Stubbrn and ambitius. B. Self-centered and sympathetic.
C. Determined and knwledgeable.D. Respnsible and curageus.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一名36岁的男子Steinberg正试图创造一项新的记录，他计划从夏威夷划船5000英里到达澳大利亚，并致力于拯救地球。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Steinberg began t experience depressin while he was in cllege. At the time, he fund a slutin by participating in endurance sprts.(斯坦伯格在大学期间开始经历抑郁症。当时，他通过参加耐力运动找到了解决方案)”以及第四段的“Hwever, in 2016, his life tk a big turn after the sudden death f his dad. The blw caused him t challenge himself even mre by sl rwing acrss an cean.(然而，在2016年，父亲突然去世后，他的生活发生了重大转折。这一打击使他独自划船横渡大海，对自己提出了更大的挑战)”可知，Steinberg每次面对困难，他并没有放弃，而是更加挑战自己。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Hwever, in 2016, his life tk a big turn after the sudden death f his dad. The blw caused him t challenge himself even mre by sl rwing acrss an cean. (然而，在2016年，父亲突然去世后，他的生活发生了重大转折。这一打击使他独自划船横渡大海，对自己提出了更大的挑战)”可知，为了减轻他父亲去世的痛苦，Steinberg第一次海上探险。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“Recalling the first jurney at sea, he said, “I was s surprised by hw beautiful the cean was, and als hw much plastic I saw. S it was that realizatin at sea that led me t want t g back ut again.” Inspired by his first expeditin, Steinberg’s new missin is t fcus n cean cnservatin, and specifically cean plastics.(回忆起第一次海上之旅，他说：“我对海洋的美丽和我看到的塑料数量感到非常惊讶。正是在海上的这一认识让我想再次回到大海。”斯坦伯格的新使命是专注于海洋保护，特别是海洋塑料)”可知，Steinberg出发进行第二次探险的主要目的是为海洋保护做出贡献。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Tez Steinberg, f Bulder, Clrad, plans t leave Hawaii n December 20 n his sl trip acrss the Pacific Ocean. Actually, it’s the secnd leg f an adventure that began in 2020 when he rwed sl fr 71 days frm Mnterey, Califrnia, t Oahu, Hawaii.(科罗拉多州博尔德市的泰兹·斯坦伯格计划于12月20日离开夏威夷，独自穿越太平洋。事实上，这是他从2020年开始的一次冒险的第二站，当时他独自划船71天，从加利福尼亚州的蒙特利到夏威夷的瓦胡岛)”以及最后一段“The wrld recrd is fun fr media attentin, but thrugh it we can get mre dnatins, supprt and actin fr cean plastics,” Steinberg said.(媒体关注世界纪录很有趣，但通过它，我们可以为清除海洋塑料获得更多的捐款、支持和行动)”可知，Steinberg已经开始划船独自穿越太平洋的计划，而且他穿越太平洋的目的是保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾。由此可推知，他是一个勇敢且有责任心的人。故选D。
C
While scientists have many ideas, there is n single explanatin fr why humans yawn. Still, there is ne thing experts knw abut yawns—they seem t be infectius! Have yu ever caught a yawn frm smene else? Mst peple have. Accrding t ne previus study, a persn is six times mre likely t yawn after seeing smene else d s. Experts have dne many studies int why yawns seem t pass frm persn t persn. As a result, experts have a few theries fr the reasn behind it.
One pssible explanatin has t d with smething called scial mirrring. This is caused by mirrr neurns (镜像神经元) in the brain. These cells help the brain ntice useful behavir f thers and then cpy it. When ne persn sees anther persn yawning, his mirrr neurns bserve the actin and interpret it as beneficial behavir. That may cause him t yawn, t.
Anther ppular thery is that yawns are infectius thanks t scial relatinships. Humans are undubtedly scial creatures. They frm friendships, start families, and live tgether in grups. That’s why many peple mirrr thers, such as smiling when anther persn des s. Yawning maybe just anther example f this. In fact, research has shwn that peple are mst likely t catch a case f the yawns frm anther persn if the tw share a scial relatinship.
The answer culd even be that yawns aren’t truly infectius at all. Instead, peple may yawn when they’e tgether simply because they‘re in the same envirnment. Experts say many things may cause yawning—including temperature and time. Pssible causes may be experienced by anyne in the same general area. Whatever the explanatin is, experts d knw that infectius yawns aren’t limited t humans. One study fund that lins in Suth Africa als caught each ther’s yawns.
8. What kind f behavir may be cpied by the mirrr neurns?
A. Unimprtant but attractive.B. Useful and beneficial.
C. Hard t understand. D. Easy t cpy.
9. Whse yawns are peple mst likely t cpy accrding t paragraph 3?
A. The nes wh yawn a lt.
B. The nes wh are friendly t them.
C. The nes clsely cnnected with them.
D. The nes sharing the same interest with them.
10. What might the authr cntinue talking abut in the fllwing paragraph?
A. Sme tips n yawning in public.
B. A real explanatin fr infectius yawning.
C. Other examples f animals yawning tgether.
D. Further studies f infectius yawning in humans.
11. What is the text mainly abut?
A. Why yawns are infectius. B. What causes peple t yawn.
C. Wh yawns mre than thers. D. Whether yawns are infectius.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于打哈欠会传染的理论。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“One pssible explanatin has t d with smething called scial mirrring. This is caused by mirrr neurns (镜像神经元) in the brain. These cells help the brain ntice useful behavir f thers and then cpy it. When ne persn sees anther persn yawning, his mirrr neurns bserve the actin and interpret it as beneficial behavir. That may cause him t yawn, t.(一种可能的解释与所谓的社交镜像有关。这是由大脑中的镜像神经元引起的。这些细胞帮助大脑注意到他人的有用行为，然后复制它。当一个人看到另一个人打哈欠时，他的镜像神经元会观察到这个动作，并将其解释为有益的行为。这也可能导致他打哈欠。)”可知，镜像神经元可以复制有用和有益的行为。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In fact, research has shwn that peple are mst likely t catch a case f the yawns frm anther persn if the tw share a scial relatinship.(事实上，研究表明，如果一个人和另一个人有着共同的社会关系，那么他们最有可能被对方打哈欠)”可知，人们最容易被那些与他们关系密切的人的哈欠传染。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Experts say many things may cause yawning—including temperature and time. Pssible causes may be experienced by anyne in the same general area. Whatever the explanatin is, experts d knw that infectius yawns aren’t limited t humans. One study fund that lins in Suth Africa als caught each ther’s yawns.(专家表示，许多因素可能会导致打哈欠，包括温度和时间。同一地区的任何人都可能经历可能的原因。无论解释是什么，专家们都知道传染性哈欠并不局限于人类。一项研究发现，南非的狮子也会互相打哈欠。)”可推知，在接下来的段落中，作者可能会继续谈论其它动物一起打哈欠的例子。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。结合全文及文章第一段“While scientists have many ideas, there is n single explanatin fr why humans yawn. Still, there is ne thing experts knw abut yawns—they seem t be infectius! (虽然科学家们有很多想法，但人类为什么会打哈欠并没有单一的解释。不过，专家们对哈欠有一点了解——它们似乎具有传染性！)”可知，文章主要介绍了一些关于打哈欠会传染的理论，故A项Why yawns are infectius.(为什么打哈欠会传染)适合作为文章的标题。故选A项。
D
An artificial intelligence (AI) trained n persnal data cvering the entire ppulatin f Denmark can predict peple’s chances f dying mre accurately than any existing mdel, even thse used in the insurance industry. The researchers behind the technlgy say it culd als have a psitive impact n early predictin f scial and health prblems.
Sune Lehmann Jrgensen at the Technical University f Denmark and his clleagues used the data cvering varius aspects f 6 millin peple frm 2008 t 2020 frm Denmark. They changed the data int wrds that culd be used t train a large language mdel, the same technlgy that pwers ther AI apps. These mdels wrk by lking at a series f wrds and determining which wrd is statistically mst likely t cme next, based n vast amunts f examples. In a similar way, the researchers’ Life2vec mdel can lk at a series f life events that frm a persn’s histry and determine what is mst likely t happen next.
In experiments, Life2vec was trained n all but the last fur years f the data, which was held back fr testing. The researchers tk data n a grup f peple aged frm 35 t 65, half f whm died between 2016 and 2020, and asked Life2vec t predict wh lived and wh died. It was 11 percent mre accurate than any existing AI mdel used t price life insurance plicies in the finance industry.
Jrgensen believes that the mdel has cnsumed enugh data that it is likely t be able t shed light n a wide range f health and scial tpics. This means it culd be used t predict health issues and catch them early, r by gvernments t reduce inequality. But he stresses that it culd als be used by cmpanies in a harmful way. “Clearly, ur mdel shuld nt be used by an insurance cmpany, because the whle idea f insurance is that, by sharing the lack f knwledge f smebdy wh is ging t be the unlucky persn struck by sme incidents r deaths, we can kind f share this burden,” says Jrgensen.
12. What makes Life2vec mre pwerful in frecasting death risks?
A. It is trained n vast amunts f data.
B. It ges thrugh a large number f tests.
C. It uses the same technlgy as ther AI apps d.
D. It is intended fr the gvernment t make plicies.
13. What des the underlined phrase “shed light n” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Revise.B. Recgnize.C. Reslve.D. Reveal.
14. Why shuld Life2vec be kept ut f the hands f businesses?
A. T remve scial inequality.B. T guard public interests.
C. T keep its technlgy a secret.D. T maintain the gvernment’s authrity.
15. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Life2vec: Superir T Other AI Apps
B. New AI Can Predict Risk Of Early Death
C. Advanced Technlgy Addresses Scial Prblems
D. Insurance Cmpanies: Keep Away Frm Life2vec
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了丹麦科学家所研发的一款新的人工智能模型Life2vec，该模型可以更准确地预测人死亡的风险。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“An artificial intelligence (AI) trained n persnal data cvering the entire ppulatin f Denmark can predict peple’s chances f dying mre accurately than any existing mdel, even thse used in the insurance industry. (一种人工智能（AI）经过涵盖整个丹麦人口的个人数据的训练，可以比任何现有的模型，甚至是保险业使用的模型，更准确地预测人们的死亡几率。)”以及第二段中“Sune Lehmann Jrgensen at the Technical University f Denmark and his clleagues used the data cvering varius aspects f 6 millin peple frm 2008 t 2020 frm Denmark. They changed the data int wrds that culd be used t train a large language mdel, the same technlgy that pwers ther AI apps. (丹麦技术大学的苏恩·莱曼·约根森和他的同事使用了2008年至2020年丹麦600万人的各个方面的数据。他们将数据转换成可用于训练大型语言模型的单词，这与其他人工智能应用程序使用的技术相同。)”可知，Life2vec是基于丹麦600万人口从2008年至2020年各个方面的个人数据来进行训练的，这使得它在预测人死亡风险方面的能力更加强大。故选A。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线短语所在句子“Jrgensen believes that the mdel has cnsumed enugh data that it is likely t be able t shed light n a wide range f health and scial tpics.(Jrgensen认为，该模型已经消耗了足够的数据，它很可能能够shed light n 广泛的健康和社会主题。)”中的“the mdel has cnsumed enugh data that it is likely t be able t ”以及下文“This means it culd be used t predict health issues and catch them early, r by gvernments t reduce inequality.(这意味着它可以用来预测健康问题并及早发现，或者被政府用来减少不平等。)”可知，这个模型使用了足够多的数据，能够帮助人们发现健康、社会等各方面存在的问题，划线短语shed light n在句中表达的意思为“揭露，使（问题）被发现”与reveal表达的意思一致。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But he stresses that it culd als be used by cmpanies in a harmful way. “Clearly, ur mdel shuld nt be used by an insurance cmpany, because the whle idea f insurance is that, by sharing the lack f knwledge f smebdy wh is ging t be the unlucky persn struck by sme incidents r deaths, we can kind f share this burden,” says Jrgensen.(但他强调，它也可能被公司以有害的方式使用。Jrgensen说：“很明显，我们的模型不应该被保险公司使用，因为保险的整个理念是，通过共担缺乏对那些将成为某些事件或死亡的不幸者的了解，我们可以分担这种负担”)”可知，Jrgensen强调Life2vec也可能被公司以有害的方式使用，保险的本质在于分担风险，如果保险公司利用这个模型预测谁会遭遇不幸事件或死亡就违背了保险互助的理念；Jrgensen他以保险公司为例说明这些公司会为了自己的利益而牺牲公众的利益；由此可知，Life2vec不应该为商业所用是为了保护公众的利益。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“An artificial intelligence (AI) trained n persnal data cvering the entire ppulatin f Denmark can predict peple’s chances f dying mre accurately than any existing mdel, even thse used in the insurance industry. The researchers behind the technlgy say it culd als have a psitive impact n early predictin f scial and health prblems.(一种人工智能(AI)经过涵盖整个丹麦人口的个人数据的训练，可以比任何现有的模型，甚至是保险业使用的模型，更准确地预测人们的死亡几率。这项技术的研究人员表示，它还可以对社会和健康问题的早期预测产生积极影响。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了丹麦科学家所研发的一款新的人工智能模型Life2vec，它能够更准确地预测人的死亡风险，还可以对社会和健康问题的早期预测产生积极影响；B选项“New AI Can Predict Risk Of Early Death(新的人工智能可以预测过早死亡的风险)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选B。
第二节 (共5 小题；每小题3分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nthing makes r breaks a camping trip mre than hw cmfrtable yu are at night, and keeping warm is a pririty in mst seasns. ____16____ . Here are sme imprtant tips fr hw t stay warm in a tent.
Set yur tent up prperly
On a fine day, it may feel unnecessary t put a camping tarp (防水油布)under yur tent, r t put the tp flysheet n. ____17____ . Flysheets help t avid rain int the tent’s inner layer, s it’s imprtant t fix them prperly.
Get a seasn-apprpriate sleeping bag
Lightweight sleeping bags are usually nly apprpriate fr summer camping. ____18____ . Winter-weight sleeping bags are ften very thick r heavy and are usually cly apprpriate if yu’re ging camping in temperatures that drp belw freezing vernight.
____19____
Whatever the seasn, yu’re likely t get sweaty when walking in the daytime. Aside frm it feeling unpleasant t sleep in clthes that are dirty and sweaty, it`s als ptentially dangerus t g t bed wearing damp clthes. Keep a separate set f sleeping clthes when yu’re backpacking s that yu can prtect yurself frm getting wet at all csts.
Separate yur tent with carpets r mats
Separating yur tent with carpets r mats is a gd way f keeping yur tent warm. This is an especially gd idea if yu dn’t have the wrld’s greatest sleeping bag. ____20____ .
A. Wear different night clthes
B. Chse mre suitable sprts clthes
C. There are varius ways yu can heat a tent
D. Yur equipment plays a vital rle in staying warm
E. These can be laid n the flr r beneath yur sleeping bag
F. Hwever, these are bth imprtant ways f separating yur tent
G. Thicker sleeping bags may be mre cmfrtable in winter camping
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. G 19. A 20. E
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍在帐篷中保暖的重要技巧，包括正确搭建帐篷、选择适合季节的睡袋、更换干燥的睡衣以及使用地毯或垫子分隔帐篷等方法。
【16题详解】
上文“Nthing makes r breaks a camping trip mre than hw cmfrtable yu are at night, and keeping warm is a pririty in mst seasns.(没有什么比夜晚的舒适程度更能决定一次露营之旅的成败，在大多数季节里，保暖都是头等大事)”指出露营时保暖的重要性，D项“Yur equipment plays a vital rle in staying warm(你的装备在保暖方面起着至关重要的作用)”将话题引向“装备”，进而引出下文“Here are sme imprtant tips fr hw t stay warm in a tent.(这里有一些关于如何在帐篷里保暖的重要建议)”中“如何在在帐篷里保暖”这一话题，三个句子中都提到“保暖”这一概念，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
【17题详解】
上文“On a fine day, it may feel unnecessary t put a camping tarp (防水油布) under yur tent, r t put the tp flysheet n.(在晴朗的日子里，你可能觉得没有必要在帐篷下面放一块防水油布，或者把最上面的帆布盖上)”提到晴朗的日子，可能会觉得没有必要使用防水油布和遮阳帆布，F项“Hwever, these are bth imprtant ways f separating yur tent (然而，这两个都是隔开帐篷的重要方法)”与上文构成转折关系，说明使用防水油布和遮阳帆布的重要性，句中“bth”指代上文中“put a camping tarp (防水油布) under yur tent, r t put the tp flysheet n”，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
【18题详解】
上文“Lightweight sleeping bags are usually nly apprpriate fr summer camping. (轻便的睡袋通常只适合夏季露营)”介绍了轻便睡袋只适合夏季露营，G项“Thicker sleeping bags may be mre cmfrtable in winter camping(冬季露营时，厚一点的睡袋可能会更舒服)”承接上文，说明冬季露营需要厚一点的睡袋，引出下文“Winter-weight sleeping bags are ften very thick r heavy and are usually cly apprpriate if yu’re ging camping in temperatures that drp belw freezing vernight.(冬季睡袋通常很厚或很重，如果你要在气温低于冰点的地方过夜，那么睡袋通常很适合)”对冬季睡袋的介绍，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
【19题详解】
设空句是段首小标题。根据下文“Whatever the seasn, yu’re likely t get sweaty when walking in the daytime. Aside frm it feeling unpleasant t sleep in clthes that are dirty and sweaty, it’s als ptentially dangerus t g t bed wearing damp clthes. Keep a separate set f sleeping clthes when yu’re backpacking s that yu can prtect yurself frm getting wet at all csts.(无论什么季节，你都可能在白天走路时出汗。除了穿着脏兮兮、汗津津的衣服睡觉会让人不舒服之外，穿着潮湿的衣服睡觉也有潜在的危险。当你背包旅行时，准备一套单独的睡衣，无论如何，这样你就可以保持干燥)”可知，本段主要建议要单独带的睡衣。故A项“Wear different night clthes(换睡衣)”是本段最佳小标题。故选A项。
【20题详解】
上文“Separating yur tent with carpets r mats is a gd way f keeping yur tent warm.(用地毯或垫子把帐篷隔开是保持帐篷温暖的好方法)”提出用地毯或垫子把帐篷隔开，E项“These can be laid n the flr r beneath yur sleeping bag(这些可以放在地上或睡袋下面)”承接上文，介绍地毯或垫子的用法，句中“These”指代上文中“carpets r mats”。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15 小题；每小题2分，满分 30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A taxi driver specially gave a free ride t a mther and her little by Tyler wh had a sudden attack f an illness n the rad.18 years later, a tuching ____21____ fllwed.
66-year-ld Carl bked a taxi t the hspital. He had ____22____ frm wrk and had develped health ____23____ due t ld age. He was waiting utside his huse when a taxi apprached him ____24____ . Carl waved at the yung driver. He gt in and ____25____ the driver t drp him ff at the hspital.
They didn’t ____26____ much during the half-hur drive. When Carl ____27____ his wallet, he fund he had n cash. “Hey, d yu accept cards?” he brke the silence, nly t be ____28____ t tears by the yung driver’s reply. “Sir, yu dn’t have t pay me. All the trips I make t the hspital are free!” Carl was greatly ____29____ and asked, “Free? But why?”
The driver smiled, “When I was little, I suffered frm an attack in need f ____30____ treatment n the rad, and a kind taxi driver drve me t the hspital fr free and ____31____ my life. My mther tld me the driver never ____32____ fr trips t the hspital. His ____33____ inspired me, s I d the same!”
Carl’s heart felt lighter and happier. “What’s yur name, yung man?” he inquired the driver. And tears f jy ____34____ his eyes when the driver said, “My name is Tyler.”
Be the light that helps thers ____35____ the darkest f times.
21. A. memryB. encunterC. phtD. mvie
22. A. cncludedB. escapedC. recveredD. retired
23. A. prblemsB. characteristicsC. cncernsD. tendencies
24. A. secretlyB. desperatelyC. unexpectedlyD. slwly
25. A. encuragedB. appintedC. remindedD. warned
26. A. struggleB. cmmunicateC. cperateD. wrry
27. A. checkedB. receivedC. bughtD. recgnized
28. A. frightenedB. saddenedC. mvedD. excited
29. A. disappintedB. astnishedC. annyedD. ashamed
30. A. emergentB. specialC. effectiveD. painless
31. A. witnessedB. affectedC. cntrlledD. saved
32. A. prvidedB. chargedC. wishedD. prepared
33. A. braveryB. patienceC. kindnessD. pliteness
34. A. litB. hurtC. narrwedD. fgged
35. A. clear awayB. get awayC. get thrughD. lk thrugh
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述18年前，出租车司机Carl把一位母亲和她生病的孩子Tyler免费送到医院。18年后，Carl和Tyler在出租车里不期而遇。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：18年后，一场感人的邂逅接踵而至。A. memry记忆；B. encunter邂逅；C. pht照片；D. mvie电影。由下文“And tears f jy his eyes when the driver said, ‘My name is Tyler.’”可知，这里指Carl和Tyler在出租车里“邂逅”。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他已经退休，由于年老而出现了健康问题。A. cncluded断定；B. escaped逃逸；C. recvered恢复；D. retired退休。由上文“66-year-ld Carl”可知， Carl 年龄已经很大了，所以这里指他已经“退休”。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他已经退休，由于年老而出现了健康问题。A. prblems问题；B. characteristics特征；C. cncerns关心；D. tendencies倾向。由下文“drp him ff at the hspital”可知，这里指Carl拥有健康“问题”。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他正在屋外等车，这时一辆出租车慢慢向他驶来。A. secretly秘密地；B. desperately拼命地；C. unexpectedly出乎意料地；D. slwly慢速地。由下文“Carl waved at the yung driver”以及语境可知，这里指一辆出租车“慢速地”过来，所以Carl招手让它停下。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他上了车，提醒司机把他送到医院。A. encuraged鼓励；B. appinted任命；C. reminded提醒；D. warned警告。由下文“drp him ff at the hspital”可知，这里指Carl“提醒”司机把他送到医院。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在半小时的车程中，他们没怎么交流。A. struggle斗争；B. cmmunicate交流；C. cperate合作；D. wrry担心。由下文“during the half-hur drive”以及下文的交流情况可知，这里指前面Carl和司机没有“交流”。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Carl查看他的钱包时，他发现他没有现金。A. checked查看；B. received收到；C. bught买；D. recgnized认出来。由下文“he fund he had n cash”可知，这里指Carl“查看”他钱包。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他打破了沉默，却被年轻司机的回答感动得流下了眼泪。A. frightened使惊吓；B. saddened使悲伤；C. mved感动；D. excited使激动。由下文“All the trips I make t the hspital are free!”可知，这里指Carl可以免费坐车去医院，这让他几乎“感动”到快哭了。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Carl非常惊讶，问道：“免费？但为什么？”A. disappinted感到失望的；B. astnished惊讶的；C. annyed惹恼的；D. ashamed惭愧的。由下文“But why”可知，Carl对免费感觉很“惊讶”。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小时候，我在路上突发疾病，需要紧急治疗，一位好心的出租车司机免费开车送我去医院，救了我一命。A. emergent紧急的；B. special特殊的；C. effective有效的；D. painless无痛的。由上文“suffered frm an attack”可知，这里指突发疾病，所以需要“紧急的”治疗。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：小时候，我在路上突发疾病，需要紧急治疗，一位好心的出租车司机免费开车送我去医院，救了我一命。A. witnessed目击；B. affected影响；C. cntrlled受控；D. saved拯救。由上文“suffered frm an attack”可知，Tyler突发疾病，而司机及时送他去医院“拯救”了他一命。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我母亲告诉我，司机去医院从来没有收费。A. prvided提供；B. charged收费；C. wished希望；D. prepared准备。由上文“All the trips I make t the hspital are free!”以及下文“s I d the same!”可知，当时司机Carl送Tyler去医院时没有“收费”。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的善良激励了我，所以我也这么做！A. bravery勇敢；B. patience耐心；C. kindness善良；D. pliteness礼貌。由上文“the driver never fr trips t the hspital”可知，这里指Carl的“善良”激励了Tyler。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：喜悦的泪水模糊了他的眼睛当司机说：“我叫Tyler。”A. lit点亮；B. hurt伤害；C. narrwed缩小；D. fgged使……变模糊。由上文“nly t be t tears by the yung driver’s reply.”可知，这里指眼泪让Carl的眼睛“模糊”了。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：成为帮助他人度过最黑暗时期的光。A. clear away清除；B. get away逃脱；C. get thrugh度过；D. lk thrugh浏览。由上文“Be the light”以及下文“the darkest f times”可知，这里指帮人“度过”最黑暗时期。故选C项。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Frbidden City, als knwn as the Palace Museum, and Gu Gng in Chinese, lies at the city center f Beijing, and nce served ____36____ the imperial palace fr 24 emperrs during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Rectangular (矩形的) in shape, it is the wrld’s ____37____ (large) palace cmplex.
The Palace Museum is becming waste-free as the 720,000-square-meter structure has managed t reduce ____38____ number f trash bins t 110 sets in areas pen t the public. “It is a decrease frm 310 sets lgged in January 2020, ____39____ a zer-waste campaign was launched,” said the museum.
While ____40____ (prtect) features f the six-century-ld histrical relic, the actin als helps visitrs and turists get int the habit f creating less waste. The museum als recycled mre than 32,000 plastic bttles t make cultural and ____41____ (create) prducts between June 2021 and Octber 2023, equivalent t a ____42____ (reduce) in carbn emissin by 931 kilgrams.
“By launching the campaign, the Palace Museum is taking a science-based and meticulus apprach t waste. The target is t minimize the generatin f waste that needs ____43____ (bury) r burned and bring the amunt f such waste ____44____ (extreme) clse t zer,” said the museum.
S far, apprximately 3,000 museum staff members, 40,000 turist guides, and 21 millin visitrs _____45_____ (participate) in the campaign.
【答案】36. as 37. largest 38. the 39. when 40. prtecting 41. creative
42. reductin 43. t be buried 44. extremely 45. have participated
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了故宫博物院的环保行动，包括减少垃圾桶数量、回收利用塑料瓶等，旨在减少碳排放和废弃物产生。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：紫禁城，也被称为故宫博物院，中文叫“故宫”，位于北京市中心，曾是明清时期24位皇帝的皇宫。serve as是固定搭配，意为“充当……；用作……”。故填as。
【37题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：它呈长方形，是世界上最大的宫殿建筑群。根据句意和比较范围the wrld’s可推知，句中表示“最大的”，用形容词最高级largest。故填largest。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：72万平方米的故宫博物院已经成功地将开放区域的垃圾箱数量减少到110个，从而实现了零垃圾。根据句意，特指“……的数量”，用固定短语the number f...。故填the。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：该博物馆表示：“这比2020年1月发起零废弃运动时记录的310套有所减少。”。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词January 2020，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，表示“在2020年1月”，应使用关系副词when引导该从句。故填when。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在保护这座六百年历史遗迹的同时，这一行动也帮助游客和游客养成减少废弃物的习惯。“(prtect) features f the six-century-ld histrical relic”作时间状语，prtect(保护)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the actin之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填prtecting。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在2021年6月至2023年10月期间，该博物馆还回收了3.2万多个塑料瓶，用于制作文化创意产品，相当于减少了931公斤的碳排放。提示词修饰名词prducts，用形容词creative作定语，意为“富创造力的；有创意的”。故填creative。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：在2021年6月至2023年10月期间，该博物馆还回收了3.2万多个塑料瓶，用于制作文化创意产品，相当于减少了931公斤的碳排放。提示词作介词宾语，用名词reductin，意为“减小”。故填reductin。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：目标是尽量减少需要掩埋或焚烧的废物的产生，并使这类废物的数量极为接近于零。needs是定语从句中谓语动词，其后跟动词不定式作宾语，结合句意，提示词bury与其逻辑主语waste之间是被动关系，用不定式的被动式t be buried作宾语。故填t be buried。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：目标是尽量减少需要掩埋或焚烧的废物的产生，并使这类废物的数量极度接近于零。提示词修饰形容词clse，用副词extremely作状语，意为“极度”。故填extremely。
【45题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：迄今为止，约有3000名博物馆工作人员、4万名导游和2100万名游客参与了这项活动。分析句子可知，participate(参与)是句中谓语动词，与主语3,000 museum staff members, 40,000 turist guides, and 21 millin visitrs之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语S far，描述从过去持续到现在的事情，应使用现 在完成时态，又因主语是复数词组，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时的主动语态，复数形式。故填have participated。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 你校将举办英语征文比赛。请你以“The impact f technlgy n ur lives”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 分析利弊；
2. 你的看法。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The impact f technlgy n ur lives
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【参考范文】
The impact f technlgy n ur lives is prfund, with bth benefits and drawbacks. Technlgy has greatly imprved ur efficiency, allwed fr glbal cmmunicatin, and enhanced ur entertainment ptins. It has revlutinized the way we cmmunicate, learn, wrk, and entertain urselves. Hwever, it has als led t issues such as eye strain, addictin, and privacy cncerns. Balanced use is crucial t maximize its benefits as well as minimize its negative impacts. We must priritize real-wrld interactins, prtect ur privacy, and ensure that technlgy des nt vershadw ur daily lives.
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Summer vacatin appraching, David had thughtfully planned t d a few meaningful things with his friends. Ry was the first t supprt him.
Five f them decided t rganize a lng-distance cycle ride. Accrding t the riginal plan, they departed frm the riverbank ferry at 7 am n Tuesday n time. Hwever, n Mnday night, there was a rainstrm in this area, which led t flding. Frtunately, the weather cleared up sn and it wuldn’t affect their arrangements.
It was 8:30, but the ther three didn’t arrive. David and Ry were anxiusly waiting. Finally, the three turned up exhausted.
“We had t cme rund a lng way,” said Rbert. “The ld bridge ver the stream had cllapsed.”
“And that means we had t ride an extra quarter f a mile and use the ther bridge,” added Henry. “The stream must be nearly five feet deep after all this rain.”
“Dn’t wrry.” said David. “The Twn Cuncil will sn build anther ne.”
“Oh n,” replied Henry quickly. “My father has asked abut that. There isn’t enugh mney this year.”
The bys were silent. That meant that their riginal plan had t be readjusted.
“I wnder wh built that ld bridge,” said Rbert. “It was nly a few tree trunks and lgs held tgether with sme nails.” Then an idea struck him. “D yu think we culd rebuild it?”
“Yu knw…” David paused. “I think we can d it, if we plan it prperly and can brrw the tls.”
The bys started t cnsider the idea seriusly. Sammy tld them that his elder brther wrked in the Public Wrks Department and culd prbably make a plan fr them.
Their greatest prblem was t find enugh lgs. The next day the bys visited nearly every huse. In the evening, they gathered.
“I must tell yu this,” David burst ut. “Mr. Rbinsn, ur mayr, has prmised t supply lgs as lng as we d the wrk and finish it within a mnth. He thanked us fr ur vlunteer behavir and instructed us t pay attentin t safety.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mr. Rbinsn kept his prmise and sent enugh lgs.
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Nearby residents decided n an pening ceremny fr the new bridge.
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【参考范文】
Mr. Rbinsn kept his prmise and sent enugh lgs. As the materials arrived, the bys felt a surge f excitement mixed with a hint f nervusness. They knew the task ahead wuld be challenging, but they were determined t see it thrugh. With the supprt f their families and the encuragement f the cmmunity, they set ut t rebuild the bridge, their yuthful energy driving them frward despite any bstacles that lay ahead. They wrked tirelessly, planning, measuring, and cnstructing. Finally, the bridge was cmpleted.
Nearby residents decided n an pening ceremny fr the new bridge. They gathered tgether, alng with Mr. Rbinsn and ther twn fficials, t celebrate the bys’ achievement. With speeches expressing gratitude and admiratin, the cmmunity praised the bys fr their initiative and hard wrk. The bys std prudly, knwing they had made a lasting impact n their cmmunity and frged bnds that wuld endure fr years t cme.