【学业水平测试】专题18 阅读七选五（知识梳理+考点精讲精练+实战训练）-2025年高中英语学业水平合格性考试总复习（全国通用）.zip

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1. 掌握段首题主旨与承上启下作用
2. 明晰段中各逻辑关系及标志词
3. 理解段尾题总结与过渡功能
4. 学会依据位置判断句子作用
（一）考查核心能力
整体理解与结构把握能力：考查考生对文章整体内容、结构布局的理解能力，要求能明晰文章是总分、总分总还是分总等常见结构，知晓不同位置内容的功能与关联，把握整篇文章的行文逻辑。
微观信息关联能力：重点测试对上下文逻辑意义的掌握，能识别句子之间、段落之间诸如因果、转折、并列、递进等细微的逻辑关系，判断信息间的关联性，使补全后的文章前后连贯、表意顺畅。
（二）关键关注要点
文章结构把握：熟悉不同体裁文章（记叙文、说明文、议论文等）常见的结构形式，依据挖空位置（段首、段中、段尾）去分析其在文中所起的作用，像段首可能是主旨句或承上启下句等，以此为基础来筛选合适选项。
逻辑线索识别：善于发现文中出现的逻辑关系标志词，如表示转折的 “but”“hwever”，表示因果的 “s”“therefre” 等，同时留意代词、同义词、近义词等体现的指代与呼应情况，通过这些线索确定选项与原文的契合度。
（三）语言表达适配性
风格契合：确保所选填入的句子与文章整体语言风格相符，无论是正式、通俗还是活泼风格，都要保持一致，避免出现突兀感，保障篇章语言的连贯性与统一性。
语法与词汇匹配：填入的句子在语法上要能与前后文自然衔接，不存在语法错误，并且词汇使用要契合文章语境，表意准确清晰，符合语言表达规范。
（一）挖空位置及作用
1. 段首题：
主旨句：常作为段落小标题或主题句，概括该段落核心内容。
承上启下句：能够将上段与下段内容连贯起来，起到衔接过渡作用。
示例
A Few Tips fr Self-Acceptance
We all want it... t accept and lve urselves. But at times it seems t difficult and t far ut f reach. 36 Here’s a handful f ways that will set yu in the right directin.
37 D nt fllw the peple wh make yu feel nt-gd-enugh. Why d yu fllw them? Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn;yu are the nly yu in this wrld.
E Set an intentin fr self-acceptance.
F. Stp cmparing yurself with thers.
G. When des the cmparisn game start?‘’Dn’t frget t frgive yurself._ 5 But it can rb yu f yur self-cnfidence if yu dn’t d it.
D．Try t see things frm yur ffender’s angle.
E．Fr sme peple，frgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.
F．T make yur anger die away，try a simple stress­management technique.
G．If yu wait fr peple t aplgize，yu culd be waiting an awfully lng time.
[分析] 设空在段中，先看前句E项中的信息frgiving themselves与前句意义一致，并且选项E与后面的句子之间用but连接，有转折的语气，因此构成了一种意义上的对比关系，尤其是but这个词，更加突出了对比的意义，因此选项E符合这里的意义和结构。[答案] E
2. 段中题：
例证关系：前后句存在例证逻辑，可通过 “fr example” 等标志词体现，思维过程涵盖归纳与推理。
转折关系：若空格前后逻辑逆转，会出现 “but” 等转折标志词，空格处大概率表示转折。
因果关系：借助 “s”“therefre” 等标志词体现因果逻辑，前后句存在原因与结果的关联。
递进关系：当空格前后是层进逻辑时，常用 “besides”“mrever” 等词，空格处为递进句子。
并列关系：通过 “and”“first (ly)” 等标志词体现并列逻辑，句子之间是并列情况。
示例
Dn’t frget t frgive yurself._ 5 But it can rb yu f yur self-cnfidence if yu dn’t d it.
D．Try t see things frm yur ffender’s angle.
E．Fr sme peple，frgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.
F．T make yur anger die away，try a simple stress­management technique.
G．If yu wait fr peple t aplgize，yu culd be waiting an awfully lng time.
[分析] 设空在段中，先看前句E项中的信息frgiving themselves与前句意义一致，并且选项E与后面的句子之间用but连接，有转折的语气，因此构成了一种意义上的对比关系，尤其是but这个词，更加突出了对比的意义，因此选项E符合这里的意义和结构。[答案] E
3. 段尾题：
总结句：用于总结本段内容，常含总结性词语。
承上启下句：起到连接上段与下段内容的作用，使文章过渡自然。
示例
Recgnize all f yur strengths. Write them dwn in a jurnal. Begin t train yur brain t lk at strength befre weakness. List all f yur accmplishments and achievements. Yu have a jb, earned yur degree, and yu gt ut f bed tday. 39
Nw that yu’ve listed yur strengths, list yur imperfectins. Turn the page in yur jurnal. Put int wrds why yu feel unwrthy, why yu dn’t feel gd enugh. Nw, read these wrds back t yurself. 40 Turn t a page in yur jurnal t yur list f strengths and achievements. See hw awesme yu are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where d yu start?
C. Nthing is t small t celebrate.
D. Remember, yu are nly human.
[分析] 本题设空在段尾，首先看前文。根据上文List all f yur accmplishments and achievements. Yu have a jb, earned yur degree, and yu gt ut f bed tday.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝。C项意思，没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的，对上文的总结概括，符合文意。[答案] C
（二）题型及解题技法
1. 主旨概括题：
考查内容：考查对文章或段落概括提炼中心思想、体会写作意图、提取主题及情感态度的能力，常考段落标题或文章主题句。
解题方法：采用浏览方式，搜索主题线索词，理清主旨大意，再浏览选项，匹配符合主旨的答案。
2. 语段过渡题：
考查内容：考查对篇章理解及上下文逻辑关系分析能力，句子起承上启下作用，设空位置灵活。
解题方法：根据设空位置采用不同判断法。段首需前瞻后望找提示；段中重点看前后句逻辑及连贯性，必要时参考中心句；段尾可考虑与下一段开头的衔接。
3. 细节线索题：
考查内容：注重考查文章细节，需借助多种线索解题。
解题方法：
4. 词汇复现法：利用文章中原词、同（近）义词、反义词复现特点，关注选项与正文重复出现的相关词汇来解题。
词汇同现法：依据属于同一词汇范畴或领域的词汇同时出现达到语意衔接的原理，根据上下文词汇范畴判断答案。
5. 代词线索法：巧妙利用代词指代前面提及名词的关系，依据代词单复数等情况准确快速解题。
逻辑关系线索法：把握文章脉络，通过文中或选项出现的逻辑关系词推理判断，若无关系词则需全面理解文意，弄清内在逻辑来选择正确答案。
（三）答题步骤与技巧
1. 通读全文：快速浏览文章，把握文章的体裁、大致内容以及整体结构框架，明确文章的主旨大意，为后续分析空缺处做准备。
2. 分析空缺处：仔细观察每个空缺所在的段落位置，判断其在段落中的作用，比如是引出主题、承接上文内容、进行举例说明还是总结归纳等，同时留意空缺处前后的逻辑关系线索和关键词。
3. 分析选项内容：认真研读各个选项，理解其表达的核心意思、关键信息以及体现的逻辑关系，看是否有与文中空缺处相匹配的内容、逻辑或指代呼应情况。
4. 代入验证：将初步筛选出的选项代入空缺处，通读全文，检查填入后文章的逻辑是否连贯、语义是否通顺，若出现表意矛盾或逻辑不通畅的情况，则需重新斟酌选项。
例题精练，举一反三
A
Turning yur hbby int a career desn’t always have t be a cnscius decisin. Smetimes, yu just turn arund ne day and realize that that’s what yu’re ding. 1
Befre entering university, I was mstly writing petry. With this little bit f experience, I gt a vlunteer rle at a literature jurnal, which was when I first fell in lve with editing.
2 It was in the mid-2010s, and quite a few new-media platfrms were started by peple f my age. Many f these fcus n issues like race and feminism.
Later, thugh I didn’t have much academic r prfessinal skills, I had my wn lived experience — s I started recmmending pinin pieces abut my experience as a wman f clr. 3 After that, editrs can trust yu, understand what yu can d, and will give yu mre ffers.
In my final year f university, I decided t start up my wn magazine, which explred students’ mental health in Cambridge. This gave me invaluable experience as editr-in-chief f a magazine.
By the time I graduated, I had tw key areas f real jurnalistic expertise — race and mental health. 4 — I was a freelance jurnalist wh was paid fr their wrk, writing natinally n issues I cared abut.
Sharing my prgress, I enjyed every step f the way thugh it lked like a lng jurney. If I had a few pieces f advice fr this pint in yur life — 5
A．Only in this way can writing be a place f discvery, wnder and inspiratin fr everyne.
B．I fund that publishing yur first piece is the biggest hurdle.
C．That was why I decided t take up writing.
D．When I gt t university, I became curius abut jurnalism and pinin writing.
E．It was at this pint in the game that I realized I’d dne it.
F．I wuld say seize every pprtunity and d what yu are passinate abut.
G．This was what the jurney twards becming a prfessinal jurnalist was like fr me.
B
N ne likes t fail. Failure is painful and it can als be cstly in terms f time, mney, r bth. 6 If yu never suffer a failure, then yu’re prbably nt pushing yurself t yur full ptential. The fllwing are sme tips n hw t pick yurself up after yu’ve failed.
Remember that ther peple fail t. 7 They’ll tell yu abut that great new cntract (合同) they signed，nt the deal that failed eventually. But failure is nrmal, and lts f peple fail many times befre succeeding.
Remind yurself f yur past successes. Failing desn’t mean yu’ll never achieve what yu want. 8 Maybe yu had high marks last term, r yu lst weight, r yu learned t play a musical instrument. Yu might want t write dwn a list f successes. If yu ever lack cnfidence, yu can g back and read ver that list.
9 Yur past successes are imprtant, but s are yur past failures. Yu’ve made mistakes befre, and yu’ve survived them. By acknwledging yur failures, yu can remind yurself that tday is n different. Just as yu recvered in the past, yu can recver frm yur recent failure t.
10 Whatever ges wrng, yu’re prbably facing sme srt f decisin. Dn’t rush int making a hasty decisin, but d lk fr a frward path. That might require sme deep thinking.
A．Make a decisin wisely.
B．Limit the damage caused.
C．Remind yurself f yur past failures.
D．Hwever, failure is a nrmal part f life.
E．Get sme advice and supprt frm thers.
F．Mst peple dn’t talk penly abut their failures.
G．Think f all the times in the past when yu’ve succeeded.
C
High schl can be an exciting yet challenging experience fr many students. 11
12 High schl can be challenging with a lt f wrk and activities. Effective time management helps yu rganize tasks, plan schedules, and achieve gals well. And many facts prve that practicing gd time management in high schl can build a strng fundatin (基础) fr success in cllege r in future jbs.
Make gd use f the resurces in yur schl. High schls ffer many kinds f resurces (资源) that can help yu t learn and achieve persnal grwth. 13 By taking advantage f these resurces, yu can develp study, scial and persnal skills. S, explre all the resurces t develp yurself int an intelligent and all-rund persn.
Be pen t making new friends. Hanging ut with friends is great. Hwever, it’s better t step ut f yur familiar envirnment and intrduce yurself t new peple. Making new friends can pen up mre pssibilities, sharpen yur scial skills, and build a supprt system fr yu. 14
Take care f yur mental health. High schl life is stressful fr many reasns, and it’s imprtant t pay attentin t yur mental health. 15 Als, yu can talk t a trusted adult if yu face pressure, anxiety, r ther health prblems.
A．Develp gd time management skills.
B．They include libraries, labs, gyms and mre.
C．Mrever, friends can bring jy and happiness t yur life.
D．Taking a gd rest and getting exercise can help reduce stress.
E．It’s a time f change, grwth, explratin and self-discvery.
F．Exchange prgrams ffer yu an pprtunity t experience new cultures.
G．Read n and take a lk at the fllwing suggestins t help yu make it thrugh this perid f yur life.
D
Hw t Appear Outging in a Cnversatin?
Sme peple seem naturally utging when chatting with thers, while thers find it hard t make it. Here are sme tips t help yu appear utging in a cnversatin.
Make eye cntact. If yu’re in a scial situatin, such as at a party, try t make eye cntact with the ther peple there. Once yu’ve established eye cntact, give the ther persn a friendly smile 16 If the persn des nt respnd r des nt expect t be apprached, let them g their way. Part f being utging is knwing when and where t apprach thers and when t keep t yurself.
Ask sme pen-ended questins. 17 It’s easier t start up a chat with smene new if yu invite them t share abut themselves. If yu’ve already exchanged eye cntact and smiles with smene, and yu’re clse by, start ff with a questin. Here are sme ideas: Hw d yu like that bk r magazine? What is yur favrite thing t d arund here?
18 Yu might see sme f the same peple every day, but never acknwledge (致意) them. T becme utging, it is imprtant t start acknwledging the peple arund yu mre ften. The next time yu rder a cffee r check ut at the grcery stre, smile at the persn helping yu and say “thank yu”. This small act will help yu becme mre cmfrtable interacting with thers. 19
Talk t everyne. After yu becme a bit mre cmfrtable talking t peple yu knw, try talking t new peple as yu g thrugh yur day. 20 But the mre yu apprach peple and get cmfrtable with making cnversatin, the easier it will becme.
A．These questins invite thers t respnd with mre than a “yes” r “n”.
B．If the persn smiles back at yu, then g ver t them.
C．Remember that they serve hundreds f peple a day.
D．Say thank yu in public as much as pssible.
E．It will prbably make the ther persn’s day a little brighter.
F．Keep in mind that this apprach desn’t always wrk well in sme situatins.
G．At first, yu might feel uncmfrtable talking with strangers.
E
Writing petry can seem frightening, especially if yu d nt feel yu are naturally creative. But with the right inspiratin and apprach, yu can als write a pem that yu can be prud t share with thers in class r with yur friends.
◆Pick a specific theme r idea. The first step in any petry creatin is cming up with smething t write abut. Yu can start yur pem by fcusing n a specific theme r idea that yu find fascinating. 21
◆Chse a petic frm. Get yur creative juices flwing by picking a frm fr yur pem. There are many different petic frms that yu can use, frm free verse t snnet t rhyming cuplet (押韵的对句). 22 Chse ne petic frm and stick t that structure s yur pem feels chesive t yur reader.
◆Use cncrete imagery. 23 Yu shuld always try t describe smething using the five senses: smell, taste, tuch, sight, and sund. Using cncrete imagery will immerse (使沉浸在) yur reader in the wrld f yur pem and make images cme alive fr them.
◆ 24 Literary devices like metaphr and simile add variety and depth t yur petry. Using these devices can make yur pem stand ut t yur readers. Try t use literary devices thrughut yur pem, varying them s yu d nt use nly metaphrs r nly similes in yur writing.
◆Read the pem ut lud. Once yu have cmpleted a draft f the pem, yu shuld read it alud t yurself. 25 Pay attentin t hw each line f yur pem flws int the next. Keep a pen clse by s yu can mark any lines r wrds that sund awkward r jumbled.
A．Use literary devices.
B．Ntice hw the wrds sund t the ear.
C．This can give yur creatin a clear gal.
D．Yu may g fr a petic frm that yu find easy t use.
E．If yu want t write petry, start by reading petry.
F．Avid abstract imagery and g fr cncrete descriptins in yur pem.
G．Yu can als share yur pem with ther pets t get feedback frm them.
A
（2024高一下·甘肃兰州·学业考试）Health Is Better Than Wealth
It is widely knwn that health is f great significance. Leading a healthy life is crucial as being ill makes it hard t be happy.
T enjy a happy and healthy life, we shuld take the fllwing steps. Firstly, we need t have breakfast every day and take in prper amunts f vitamins and minerals while reducing fat and chlesterl intake. 1 . Secndly, getting enugh sleep is essential (本质的) as it is related t gd health. Withut sufficient sleep, ur memry, learning and lgical thinking will be negatively influenced. 2 . Thirdly, regular exercise is f utmst imprtance. It helps with weight cntrl and maintaining healthy bnes, muscles and jints, and als reduces the risk f certain diseases. 3 . Mrever, bdily hygiene matters. We shuld keep gd dental hygiene by brushing ur teeth mrning and night, and visiting the dentist yearly fr teeth cleaning. 4 . Last but nt least, taking up a hbby is beneficial as hbbies are pleasant and relaxing activities that assist (帮助) peple in living happier, healthier and recvering better frm illness. 5 .
In cnclusin, by fllwing these steps, we can lead a healthy life and stay away frm diseases.
A．And it can als enhance ur immune system.
B．It als helps t regulate ur emtins.
C．What’s mre, it can imprve ur physical fitness.
D．Then, we shuld ensure a prper diet.
E．Als, it is very imprtant t have a balanced diet.
F．This is very imprtant fr ur verall well-being.
G．And prper sleep can make us mre energetic.
B
（2023高二上·山西·学业考试）Friendship makes life mre enjyable and clrful. Here are sme tips fr yu t make friends.
Make yurself available. Put yurself ut there smehw in rder t meet peple. If yu’re still in schl, sit smewhere with tw ther peple. If yu see pprtunities t meet new peple, take them. 6
7 Be pen t trying new activities t meet peple arund yu wh have cmmn interests. Fr example, if yu lve bks and want t meet like-minded friends, jin a bk club. Peple wh have a passin (激情) fr bks will end up meeting peple with the same interest.
Talk t thers actively. 8 Yu can start talking t peple by simply greeting them with a “Gd mrning, hw are yu?” as yu pass them by. 9 Yu can talk t anybdy: the persn sitting next t yu in public, r the persn in frnt f yu in the lunch line.
Use scial media wisely. 10 Scial media has given us the amazing ability t cnnect with peple n the Internet and turn them int friends. Using scial media like Facebk may be a perfect way t meet peple wh share the same interest as yu.
A．Dn’t be t picky.
B．Meet new peple nearby.
C．We live in a digital wrld.
D．Fllw peple and have fun.
E．If smene invites yu t a party, g fr it.
F．We shuldn’t make friends n the Internet.
G．If yu dn’t actually talk t peple, yu still wn’t make friends.
C
（2022高二·福建·学业考试）One f the mst imprtant keys is making sure that kids are getting the message yu're trying t send. When yu cmmunicate with kids, smetimes the way instructins (指令) are given can be just as imprtant as what yu're trying t cmmunicate. 11
Be direct. Make statements rather than asking questins. “Please turn right,” as ppsed t “Are yu ready t get ut yur hmewrk?”
12 Give instructins when yu are near the child, rather than calling ut frm acrss the rm.
Use clear and specific cmmands (命令). Instead f “G ahead,” say, “Please turn right at the secnd crssing. ”
Give instructins ne at a time. 13 “Please put n yur cat, get yur lunch ff the kitchen cunter, and meet me in the frnt dr.”
Keep explanatins easy. Giving a ratinale (根本原因) can increase the likelihd children will listen t a cmmand. Fr example, “G get yur cat n because it's raining. 14 ” Instead, try: “It’s raining and I dn’t want yu t catch a cld. G get yur cat n.
Give kids time t prcess. After yu give an instructin, wait a few secnds, withut repeating what yu said. They dn't need t listen. 15 Watching and waiting als helps keep adults frm ding what we’ve requested f ur kids fr them.
A．Be clse.
B．Dn't give them ne by ne.
C．I dn't want yu t catch a cld.
D．D shut ut as ludly as pssible.
E．Try t avid giving instructins all tgether.
F．This is because the instructins will be repeated.
G．Here are the practical ways t present infrmatin t the kids
D
（2024高一下·广东佛山·学业考试）D Animals Have Friends?
When yu see little animals playing tgether arund a tree, r a cat and dg sleeping tgether in the living rm, d yu ever think — are they friends? One expert, Mike, believes that many animals d have friends. If they’re in the same grup, they greet ne anther, travel tgether, play tgether and even share fd with each ther. 16
Playing tgether helps animals keep them clse t the grup. Wild dgs wh dn’t play much are mre likely t leave the grup n their wn. 17 If an animal has a special friend, bth friends benefit by having smene t watch ut fr them. In the case f a yung rhin (犀牛) ging n its first jurney, it may lk fr an lder travel friend. 18
Sharing is anther imprtant part f friendship. Fr all animals, finding fd is a matter f life and death. Fr sme bats in Central and Suth America, if they dn’t get a bld meal every three days, they die f hunger. 19 If a bat desn’t find fd, a full bat will thrw up sme bld frm its stmach int the muth f the hungry friend.
But smetimes members f a grup als cmpete fr fd and mates, which can lead t fights. S making up after fights is a key skill. Smetimes after tw male mnkeys have a fight, they will sit apart, aviding each ther. 20 An lder female mnkey may need t step in t play peace-maker. She will walk up t ne f them, kiss r tuch him, then slwly walk tward the ther. Then she sits clse t the secnd male. Bth start grming (梳毛) her. When she leaves, they cntinue t grm each ther, as if t say, “We’re cl nw.”
A．Each wants the ther t make the first mve.
B．Yung animals ften team up fr prtectin.
C．But hungry bats dn’t need t wrry if they have friends.
D．And leaving the prtectin f the grup can be dangerus.
E．These friendly behavirs can be imprtant fr an animal t survive.
F．The friend helps t find fd and water, and avid dangerus animals.
G．Bats take bld frm sleeping animals, but they are surprisingly gd friends.
E
（2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Scial media ffer great ways t scialize and cnnect with friends and thers wh share similar interests. 21 . And if yu haven’t met the persn in real life, it’s hard t knw their true identity r their real intentins. Here are sme steps yu can take t prtect yurself nline.
22 . When was the last time yu Ggled yurself? Ding s regularly is a gd way t see what kinds f infrmatin abut yu-r images and vides f yu — are publicly available. Yu can als set up a Ggle Alert (谷歌快讯) fr yurself s yu’ll be tld whenever a new item abut yu is psted nline.
Be careful when yu check in r share yur lcatin. When checking in smewhere r sharing yur lcatin, be aware that yu’re actually sharing yur whereabuts (行踪) with everyne wh has access t what yu pst. 23 .
Dn’t share persnal infrmatin nline. Regardless f what kind f scial media yu’re n, dn’t share persnal infrmatin like yur phne number, hme address, email address r student ID number. 24 . Make sure yu knw wh yu’re sharing it with and why they need the infrmatin.
25 . We all have t many passwrds, but it’s imprtant t ensure that all yur passwrds are different. A gd passwrd shuld cntain a few capital letters, numbers and a symbl. Dn’t share yur passwrds and be sure t change them regularly.
A．Be aware f what’s public
B．Keep an eye n yur passwrds
C．If yu need t share that infrmatin, d it privately
D．Hwever, it’s easy t hide r change ne’s identity n any f these scial media
E．Yu’re annuncing where yu are t yur friends, but als, pssibly t strangers
F
（2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Here are five habits t help yu enjy a lnger and better life.
Reduce stress. 26 . T much r lng-term stress, hwever, can have a negative effect n yur health. While n ne has a stress-free life, there are steps yu can take t manage yur respnse t stress.
Eat better. Yu dn’t have t adpt sme crazy diet r give up all sweets. 27 . Yu can als eat mre whle fds.
28 . When yu feel gd, it’s easy t avid ging t the dctr. N matter hw yu feel, thugh, it’s a gd idea t visit yur dctr fr an annual check-up. The dctr will mst likely check yur bld pressure. Depending n yur age and family histry, the dctr may recmmend certain tests.
Keep mving. Exercise lwers bld pressure, and imprves md. Sme research als says it has the pwer t keep us yung. Yu dn’t have t take up running marathns. 29 .
Cnnect with friends. 30 . Steps t build a scial netwrk include getting invlved with jining a cause r vlunteering fr an rganizatin.
A．Check with yur dctr
B．Everyne experiences stress
C．Simply said, we are better tgether
D．Just wrk mre mvement int yur day
E．Instead, try t eat a few mre vegetables and fruits
G
（2023高二下·辽宁·学业考试）Dn’t get me wrng-I lve my parents very much. I knw they lve me t and wuld d anything t help me but smetimes they can be really embarrassing. Dad wanting t pick me up frm schl, Mum getting verexcited when she watches me playing ftball fr the schl team. 31 . My friends all cmplain abut theirs frm time t time. It seems a few cruel parents want t see their kids suffer n purpse, but thers are just trying t be cl and fit in with ur friends. There’s nt really much we can d abut it, r is there? Here are a few tips I’ve cme up with t make life just a little easier fr all f us.
Chse the behaviur yu find mst embarrassing
32 . And then put them in rder. Is the fact that yur dad sings alng t the radi when yur friends are ver fr dinner wrse than the fact that he always calls yur best friend by the wrng name? By deciding which nes are wrse means yu’ll be free t fcus yur energy where yu need it mst.
33
When yu’ve decided which issues yu want t talk abut, keep a diary f all the times yur mum r dad d the things that embarrass yu mst. When, where and hw yu felt - make a nte f all these things. They’ll help yu put yur case acrss.
Have a family meeting
It’s time fr a little face-t-face chat.The chances are that even if yur parents are aware f ding these things, they prb-ably dn’t realize hw embarrassing they are. Keep calm. 34 . Let them have their say — they’ll prbably want t defend themselves. Of curse, yu’ll als have t be prepared t listen t sme f the things that they dn’t like abut yu. It’s part f the deal.
Try and be mre understanding
Hpefully yur parents will listen and be willing t change their ways, especially if yu say yu’re happy t change t. Of curse, smetimes they might nt. Re-member that they nce had their wn embarrassing parents, and the chances are many f us will be embarrassing parents urselves ne day. 35 .
A．Discuss the issues
B．Cllect the evidence
C．And I knw it’s nt just me
D．Let them knw hw yu feel and why
E．Maybe we shuldn’t be t hard n them
F．Write dwn the things that yu feel happy
G．Write a list f all the things yu find embarrassing
H
（2023高二·湖北·学业考试）Everyne lves travelling, right? Unfrtunately, mney can smetimes be a prblem. Here are sme tips fr gaining better travel experience, regardless f yur bank savings!
Tip 1: Decide where yu’ll g based n yur budget.
The cst f yur trip can depend greatly n where yu want t g. 36 . Fr example, cuntries like France and the UK can be pretty expensive t visit. By cntrast, Eastern Eurpe and Sutheast Asia are cheaper and still ffer great cultural experiences.
Tip 2: 37 .
Yes, everyne lves the luxury f a five star htel. But sadly, in a lt f places, this is just nt realistic fr thse n a budget. That’s why whenever I travel t cuntries which are expensive, I chse t stay in hstels r campsites. Hstels are a sure way t meet ptential travelling cmpanins while als saving mney. 38 .
Tip 3: Dn’t always rely n restaurants.
Anther advantage f staying in hstels(招待所)is that yu will always have access t a kitchen. Eating in a restaurant can be very expensive, 39 . Many cities have markets where yu can buy fresh fd and vegetables n the cheap, and yu can even try t make the ppular fd f the cuntry.
S yu see, if yu cme prepared, yu can easily travel the wrld, 40 .
A．Chse hstels and campsites
B．n matter what yur budget is
C．s yu can easily save by cking yur wn meals
D．S, knwing the average csts in a cuntry can help yu plan yur trip
E．Camping is als a great chice fr budget accmmdatin, especially if yu enjy the utdrs
I
（2023高三·海南·学业考试）Critical thinking is the ability t think clearly and ratinally (理性地). T think critically is t reflect n things in an independent manner. 41 A critical thinker is able t deduce cnclusins frm what he r she already knws, use existing knwledge t reach cnclusins, and identify relevant surces f infrmatin t extend existing knwledge. Here are sme things yu can d t enhance yur critical thinking.
Clarify yur thinking. Dn’t be satisfied with a vague r fuzzy understanding f things. Dn’t take things at face value. Seek the real meaning f things by lking at nt just the surface, but belw the surface as well. Stick t the pint when yu are thinking smething thrugh. Dn’t jump abut withut any lgical cnnectins between yur thughts. 42
Keep an pen mind. Yu will nt be able t think critically if yu apprach things with a rigid set f pinins and attitudes that are nt pen t discussin. 43 Keep judgment abut things until yu are certain yu have enugh infrmatin with which t make an infrmed judgment. This is anther way f saying “dn’t jump t cnclusins.”
44 Learn abut things yu dn’t knw much abut and explre new ways f lking at and ding things. Dn’t let yur emtins get in the way f yur thinking. 45 Yu will d yur clearest thinking when yu are calm and in cntrl. Be a gd listener. The better yu listen, the mre crrect infrmatin yu will have, and the better decisins yu will make.
A．Be intellectually curius.
B．D nt rush t judgment.
C．Stay fcused n what is relevant.
D．Judge things accrding t yur persnal standards.
E．Think critically, and yu will be all that yu can be.
F．It’s difficult t think critically when yu are angry r upset.
G．Critical thinking becmes increasingly imprtant as yu prgress thrugh schl.
J
（2024高三下·海南省直辖县级单位·学业考试）When it cmes t happiness, ur present selves habitually get deprived (剥夺). 46 In the middle f a busy wrkday, yu think, “I’ll be happy when I get this dne.” When yu get the task dne, yu think, “I’ll be happy when I’m n vacatin…”
When we are ding these, it’s as if we put true happiness in a package addressed t us at sme future time when circumstances will be just right fr it t happen. Yet, the package keeps getting lst. 47
What causes this? Hw can we avid this result? We shuld knw the reasn why we make such chices and why ur future selves seem like strangers t us is partially due t the abstractness f tmrrw. The slutin is t make the future mre vivid and create an emtinal cnnectin between the present and future selves. Here are several ways t strengthen the cnnectin.
48 Write a letter t yur future self and send back a reply. Then yu may gain insights int yur future self’s needs that wuld get yu t take helpful actin nw.
Visualize the best versin f yurself. 49 Imprtantly, fcus n the cntrast between nw and later. What are the barriers that stand in the way f turning int that ideal future later? Once yu recgnize them, yu culd start wrking n them nw.
Imagine yurself in ld age. Lking back at nw, what d yu wish yu wuld have dne mre r differently with yur time? 50 And hw can yu priritize the future nw, s that when yu lk back n it later, yu think f it fndly?
Once yu d such things, yu will make chices that will benefit bth yur present self and future self.
A．Start a cnversatin between the selves.
B．What will yur future self thank yu fr?
C．We ften put feeling happy t the future us.
D．Learn t cmmunicate with thers thrugh letters.
E．What impressin did yu leave n thse arund yu?
F．This can make what yu d tday fr the future mre wrthwhile.
G．As a result, we are left withut enjyment f the mment in frnt f us.
K
（2024高三下·海南·学业考试）Many peple changed residences and are eager t get familiar with their new neighbrs. Here’s a quick refresher n making the mst f neighbrhd relatinships.
Begin at the beginning. Building gd neighbrly relatinships starts when yu r smene else mves int the area. If a new neighbr mves in, be practive (主动的) and welcme them t the neighbrhd. 51 . Cnsider taking a plate f ckies r a small husewarming gift. Share yur cntact infrmatin and ffer t answer any questins they may have abut the cmmunity, including yur favrite restaurants r the best lcal service prviders.
52 . Dn’t create things that are unpleasant t lk at r allw yur prperty’s cnditin t affect the value f neighbring hmes adversely (不利地). Being kind t thse arund yu includes keeping yur yard tidy, remving snw frm yur sidewalks, and cllecting trash and recycling bins after the truck has passed.
Be inclusive. If yu are hsting a large party, cnsider extending invitatins t yur neighbrs. During the hliday seasn, remember the peple next dr with a card, a hmemade gdie, r an ffer f assistance. Give withut expectatins. 53 .
Allw peple t be human. 54 , and it’s impssible t knw what thers are ging thrugh. Dn’t be t quick t assume a sligh (轻蔑) is persnal r intended.
Accept it. If yu have tried yur best t reslve a cnflict withut success, let it g. Sadly, sme peple wn’t like yu whatever yu d. And yu aren’t ging t enjy sme peple. 55 . Be pleasant anyway, and be thankful that yu get t live yur life and they get t live theirs.
A．Maintain yur space
B．Be the first t stp by and say hell
C．It’s easier t accept it and mve n
D．Everyne has a bad day nw and then
E．Take steps t ensure it wn’t happen again
F．Let thers knw yu are thinking f them
G．Sme neighbrs are mre easyging than thers
L
（2024高三下·海南·学业考试）Change can be hard. It means a lack f certainty and predictability. 56 Here are sme tips t give yur teen t help them cpe with change in a healthy way.
57 Many times, ur first respnse t change is t either deny it, fight it, r run away frm it. Unfrtunately, nne f these strategies help us cpe with change successfully. Mst f the time we can’t cntrl change, but we can cntrl ur respnse t it. Smetimes, simply saying “things are changing, and that’s OK” can make us feel better.
Cntrl what yu can. 58 Having sme things that stay the same like walking the dg every evening after dinner reminds us that sme things are still the same and allws ur brain t rest. It can als help t plan whatever is still in ur cntrl r set gals fr areas we want t see imprve. Useful strategies can include fcusing n the prblem at hand, develping a plan fr actin, and asking fr advice.
Identify yur fears. Our imaginatins can get the best f us smetimes, and we might exaggerate the prblem. Hnestly evaluate the change and cnsider what the wrst case is. Determine what specifically is making yu wrried. 59
Talk abut slutins mre than feelings. One f the mst cmmn myths (谬见) f cping with unwanted changes is the idea that we can “wrk thrugh” ur anger, fears, and frustratins by talking abut them a lt. 60 In fact, research shws that repeatedly bradcasting negative emtins can make us feel wrse. As yu talk abut the change yu are facing, make sure yu are fcusing n the prblem and pssible slutins, and avid fcusing slely n yur feelings.
A．Take a fair attitude.
B．Acknwledge the change.
C．This isn’t always the case.
D．Lk at the psitives that will cme ut f the change.
E．It helps t have ther areas f ur life fllw a predictable schedule.
F．Yu might realize that the wrst case is nt as bad as yu imagined.
G．Hwever, change is necessary fr grwth and it is nrmal t fear what we dn’t knw.
M
（2024高二下·全国·专题练习）Mving int a new hme in a new neighburhd is an exciting experience. Of curse, yu want t make sure that yu becme an acceptable and valuable part f yur neighburhd. The easiest way t accmplish this is t make sure yu cnduct yurself as a gd neighbur shuld. 61
Perhaps ne f the mst imprtant things yu can d as a gd neighbur is t keep yur prperty (房产) neat, clean, and in gd repair. 62 By chsing t keep the utside f the hme in great shape, yu will help t imprve the lk and feel f the area.
Secnd, take the verall appearance f the neighburhd seriusly. When ging fr a walk, take a small garbage bag. 63 This small act will let yur neighburs knw that yu care abut the area.
64 If a neighbur is ging t be ut f twn, ffer t cllect mail and newspapers. If a neighbur suffers frm an illness, ffer t d the grcery shpping. Let them knw yu are there t help in any way and respect the privacy f yur neighbur.
65 By fllwing the basic rules f respecting thers, taking care f what belngs t yu, and taking pride in the appearance f the neighburhd in general, yu will quickly becme a gd neighbur that everyne appreciates.
A．In general, keep an eye n their prperty while they are away.
B．A gd neighbur is the ne wh likes t help ut in small ways.
C．Being a gd neighbur is mre r less abut cnsiderate behavir.
D．Smetimes neighburs may g t the supermarket tgether t d shpping.
E．If yu cme acrss waste paper thrwn ut f a passing car, pick it up.
F．Peple tend t take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.
G．Here are a few tips t help yu win ver everyne in the neighburhd quickly.
N
（2024高二下·全国·专题练习）China will pay mre attentin t the research and develpment f techniques and equipment 66 , accrding t a senir researcher in the cuntry’s shipbuilding industry.
“Deep-sea mining has becme 67 n science, technlgy, resurces and industries, because there are a lt f plymetallic ndules n cean flrs that cntain rich cncentratins f nickel, cpper, manganese and cbalt that are essential t the renewable energy industry,” said Ye Cng, deputy directr f the China Ship Scientific Research Center in Jiangsu prvince’s Wuxi.
“A large prprtin f the metals I mentined, which are extensively used at Chinese factries, needs t be imprted. 68 will help us reduce the heavy reliance n freign suppliers,” said Ye, wh is a member f the 14th Natinal Cmmittee f the Chinese Peple’s Plitical Cnsultative Cnference.
Internatinally, sme Western natins have wned key technlgies and the capability f manufacturing majr hardware 69 and at least ne cmpany has launched experimental cmmercial mining peratins expected t retrieve thusands f metric tns f res each day.
Hwever, China lags behind in terms f knwledge, technlgy and hardware, which highlights the imprtance f 70 .
A．a new frntier f internatinal cmpetitin
B．a new study f great imprtance
C．used fr deep-sea mining
D．used fr marine explratin
E．mining them frm seabed
F．gvernment attentin and investment
G．required in deep-sea mining
O
（2024高二下·全国·专题练习）The 24-year-ld female cmmander (指挥员) Zhu Chengyu has been a heated tpic n Weib since the Chinese state media highlighted her as ne f the wmen invlved in the successful launch f the Chang’e 5 lunar prbe (月球探测器) n 24 Nvember. Scial media users have been referring t her as a “surce f pride” fr the cuntry. 71 Several peple jkingly reflected n their wn achievements, cmmenting hw far behind in life they were in cmparisn.
Starting in 2004, the Chang’e Prgramme cnsists f three stages: “rbiting”, “landing” and “returning”. 72 In December, 2013, the gal f China’s first sft landing n the lunar surface and grund explratin n the Mn was achieved by the lander f Chang’e 3 and Yutu lunar rver. Last year, Chang’e 4 prbe made the first-ever sft landing n the far side f the mn.
The Chang’e 5 missin is China’s third successful mn landing in seven years. 73 If it were successful, China wuld be the third cuntry t bring lunar samples back t Earth after the United States and the Sviet Unin.
Mst Chinese peple knw the mythlgical stry f Chang’e, the Chinese gddess f the mn. Peple can’t hear the wrd “Chang’e” withut picturing rmantic images f a mn gddess. 74 And s pictures f Zhu Chengyu have been all ver the state media, with cmments abut hw she is a “frnt-line sldier in the field f aerspace” and a “big sister” that the yung Chinese can lk up t.
Hwever, the huge amunt f interest in the native f Guizhu Prvince has nt appeared t have had much f an effect n her. 75
A．Her stry in particular has inspired the public, cnsidering her yung age.
B．She refused repeated requests fr interviews in rder t fcus n her wrk.
C．Hwever, China has been trying t highlight strng female figures in the cuntry.
D．Despite her yung age, Zhu is nw wrking at the Wenchang Satellite Launch Center.
E．Its aim is t gather lunar rcks and sil t help scientists learn mre abut the mn.
F．Fr this reasn, China’s missin t the mn has been calling fr a strng female figure.
G．China cmpleted the “rbiting” stage by launching Chang’e 1 and Chang’e 2 lunar prbes in 2007 and 2010.
目录
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc180577055" 明晰学考要求 PAGEREF _Tc180577055 \h 1
\l "_Tc180577056" 基础知识梳理 PAGEREF _Tc180577056 \h 1
\l "_Tc180577057" 考点精讲讲练2
\l "_Tc180577058" 考点一：挖空位置及作用2
\l "_Tc180577059" 考点二：题型及解题技法4
\l "_Tc180577060" 考点三：答题步骤与技巧5
\l "_Tc180577063" 实战能力训练9