青海湟川中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版）-A4

这是一份青海湟川中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版）-A4，共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Hw much des the wman have t pay?
A.$90. B. $135. C.$125.
2. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Things t wear. B.A lightweight shirt. C. The warm weather.
3. What d yu knw abut the man?
A. He is an ffice clerk. B. He is a shp assistant. C. He is a plitical leader.
4.Where is the cnversatin taking place?
A. On a farm. B. In a htel. C. In a z.
5.What is the man ding nw?
A. He is selling a rm. B. He is bking a rm. C. He is buying a rm.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍.
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What's wrng with the man mainly?
A. He has been having headaches. B. He has a running nse. C. He has a fever.
7. When did the prblem begin?
A. Tw weeks ag. B. Tw mnths ag. C. Three mnths ag.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第10题。
8. What's the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Friends. B. Relatives. C. Strangers.
9. Where is the schl library?
A. It is n the left side f the gate.
B. It is t the west f a white building.
C. It is t the suth f a white building,
10.Hw far away is the library frm the place where they are talking?
A. Abut 10 meters. B.500 meters. C.500 meters r s.
听第8段材料，回答第11至第13题
11. Why is the man s angry at first?
A. The wman canceled the appintment.
B. The wman didn't keep the appintmnt.
C. The wman came t the appintment t late.
12.What happened t the wman's brther?
A. He was ill seriusly.
B. He fught with thers.
C. He was invlved in an-acident.
13.Where is the wman's brther?
A. At hme. B. In the hspital. C. At the plice statin.
听第9段材料，回答第14至第16题.
14. What will Jim d?
A. G t the cinema. B. G t the hspital. C. G t the shp.
15.Why can't the wman g with Jim?
A. She is ging hme t meet her friend.
B. She is very busy with her wrk.
C. She desn't like the film.
16. Hw lng is Jim's wife ging t stay by the sea?
A.A year. B. Three mnths. C.A guple f weeks.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20题.
17.In which way des the speaker check the mvie infrmatin?
A. By reading newspaper. B. By checking e-mails. C. By TV.
18. Why des the speaker like t arrive early at the theater?
A. T buy tickets in rder t avid standing in line.
B. T cme back hme early frm the theater.
C. T see mre films at night.
19. What place des the speaker prefer t chse in the theater?
A. The frnt place. B. The middle place. C. The back place.
20. What kind f behavir des the speaker dislike in the theater?
A. Eating ppcrn. B. Having drinks. C. Talking.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节：（共15小题：每小题2.5分，分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A.B.C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
If yu’re a fan f Chinese culture, mark yur calendar fr the upcming exhibitins at the museum, where yu can explre a wide range f ancient relics and displays.
Petry Hall
Classical Petry is mainly defined by a brief use f characters and the presence f rhyme. Mdern petry is mare experimental in nature, emplying free verse and a range f Chinese languages. Over here, pems can be spken, recited, r written-ften in calligraphy.
Detail infrmatin: Gallery 3, April 16 t 17, 8 7 p.m.
Calligraphy Hall
Calligraphy is a unique type f graphic art. It literally translates t beautiful writing. Dn’ let this straightfrward title fl yu. Calligraphy is nt an rdinary art frm but the supreme visual ne, and it ranks alngside petry as a means f self-expressin.
Detail infrmatin: Gallery 7 April 20 t 23, 9 a.m. t 8 p.m.
Painting Hall
Painting became ppular during the Nrthern Sng Dynasty. Cmparing with calligraphy the tw art frms have much in cmmn, including techniques and materials, but they differ frm subject matter. While calligraphers fcus n characters, 10-century painters cncentrated n the wrld arund them. Specifically, they lked t landscapes.
Detail infrmatin: Gallery 4, April 25 t 27,8 a.m. t 6 p.m.
Jade Hall
Jade bjects were first mined in 6, 000 BC, and develped int a ppular handicraft in Chinese culture. Extracted frm metamrphic rcks (变质岩), this green mineral was used t create a range f bjects. While sme simply served decrative, thers were ceremnial in nature. Ritual jade artifacts were deeply symblic.
Detail infrmatin: Gallery 7, April 28 t 30, 9 a.m. t 8 p.m.
1. Which hall gives peple a strnger persnal experience?
A. Petry Hall.B. Calligraphy Hall.C. Painting Hall.D. Jade Hall.
2. What is the right time fr visiting Painting Hall?
A. 9 p.m. n April 26.B. 6 a.m. April 27.
C. 8 p.m. n April 25.D. 10 a.m. n April 26.
3. What d Calligraphy Hall and Jade Hall have in cmmn?
A. They are set in the same gallery.B. They bth attract handwriting lvers.
C. Thew bth describe the ancient histries.D. They are abut the usage f minerals.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了即将在博物馆举行的关于中国文化的展览，包括诗词、书法、绘画和玉器四个方面的展览内容、时间、地点等详细信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Petry Hall部分中的“Classical Petry is mainly defined by a brief use f characters and the presence f rhyme. Mdern petry is mare experimental in nature, emplying free verse and a range f Chinese languages. Over here, pems can be spken, recited, r written-ften in calligraphy.(古典诗词主要以文字简练和押韵为特点。现代诗词则更具实验性，采用自由诗体和多种汉语形式。在这里，诗词可以通过朗诵、背诵或书写（通常以书法形式）来展现。)”可知，诗词馆展示了古典和现代诗词，诗词往往能够触动人心，引发共鸣，提供深层次的情感体验。人们可以朗诵、背诵或书写诗词，这种互动可能增强个人的参与感和体验。由此可知，诗词馆通过诗词的朗诵、背诵和书写，更有可能给观众带来强烈的个人体验。诗词往往能够深入人心，激发情感共鸣。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Painting Hall部分中的“Detail infrmatin: Gallery 4, April 25 t 27,8 a.m. t 6 p.m.(详细信息：4号展厅，4月25日至27日，上午8点至下午6点。)”可知，Painting Hall的参观时间是：4月25日至27日，上午8点至下午6点。选项D“10 a.m. n April 26(4月26日上午10点)”在绘画馆的开放时间和日期范围内。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Calligraphy Hall部分中的“Detail infrmatin: Gallery 7, April 20 t 23, 9 a.m. t 8 p.m.(详细信息：7号展厅，4月20日至23日，上午9点至晚上8点。)”和“Jade Hall”部分中的“Detail infrmatin: Gallery 7, April 28 t 30, 9 a.m. t 8 p.m.(详细信息：7号展厅，4月28日至30日，上午9点至晚上8点。)”可知，Calligraphy Hall和Jade Hall的共同点是它们都设置在同一个展厅，即7号展厅。故选A。
B
Have yu ever paid a clse attentin t a clud and nticed its ever-changing frms? If nt, yu culd be missing ut n smething quite wndrus.
Clud sptting desn't require much. Smetimes, it can be an invitatin t be marveled by smething s cmmn that we've becme blind t it. Or yu can g deeper, trying t make sense f the sky by learning the different clud types.
A pp science blgger surnamed Zheng, 25, knwn as the “Clud Cllectr n the lifestyle platfrm Xiahngshu, initially started her accunt t share clud phts in 2022.
Zheng, wh enjys finding delight in recrding the beauty f daily life, cnsidered it a way t spread lvely mments t mre peple. “Cluds have always served as a surce f cmfrt fr me.” said Zheng based in Fujian.
Fr Zheng, ne f her mst unfrgettable clud-sptting experiences ccurred during a flight. It was the first time that she saw a special natural phenmenn called a “glry”, prduced by water drps in the air, It appeared as a hazy (模糊的) light pint in the middle f a circular rainbw hal. “It was such a surprise,” Zheng recalled.
As a grwing number f nline users began t shw interest and raise questins, Zheng realized that she culd ffer mre science cntent abut clud sptting. S she started t learn mre by referring t specialized bks and cnsulting individuals with expertise in meterlgy (气象学).
Zheng has nw shared nearly 200 pieces f ppular science cntent, including clud identificatin, frmatin, cmparisns f different clud types and weather-related knwledge. Her accunt nw has ver 210, 000 fllwers n Xiahngshu, and there are five grup chats n the platfrm where thusands f users share their daily clud-watching experiences.
Lking ahead, Zheng has plans t hld several gallery exhibitins. “The first rund exhibitins will be in Xiamen in Fujian and Chengdu in Sichuan,” Zheng said, adding she’s gathering mre clud phts and the unique stries behind them. By ding this, she hpes t inspire mre peple t appreciate the beauty f the “gentle white giants” in the sky.
4. Why did the blgger riginally start her clud-sptting accunt n the lifestyle platfrm?
A. T shwcase her phtgraphy skills and artistic talents.
B. T share the beauty f daily life and inspire thers.
C. T educate peple abut the science behind clud frmatin.
D. T capitalize n the grwing trend f clud-sptting.
5. What unique natural phenmenn did the blgger witness during a flight that left a lasting impressin n her?
A. A circular rainbw surrunding the sun.
B. A sudden appearance f multiple clud layers.
C. A rare hal created by water drplets.
D. An unusual clud frmatin resembling a giant figure.
6. Which aspect f the blgger’s clud-sptting activities was mst crucial in bradening her understanding f the subject?
A. Engaging with a grwing number f nline users and their questins
B. Experimenting with different clud identificatin and classificatin techniques
C. Studying specialized bks and cnsulting experts in meterlgy
D. Capturing a diverse range f clud frmatins and their unique stries
7. What was the blgger’s primary mtivatin fr wanting t hld clud-sptting exhibitins?
A. T inspire mre peple t appreciate the beauty f the sky.
B. T shwcase her wn cllectin f unique clud phtgraphs.
C. T establish herself as an authrity in the field f clud-sptting.
D T create a platfrm fr clud-sptting enthusiasts t cnnect and share experiences.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位科普博主在自己的账号坚持分享各种云的图片和知识。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Zheng, wh enjys finding delight in recrding the beauty f daily life, cnsidered it a way t spread lvely mments t mre peple. (郑喜欢从记录日常生活的美好中寻找乐趣，她认为这是一种将美好时刻传播给更多人的方式)”及她所说“Cluds have always served as a surce f cmfrt fr me.(云总是给我带来安慰)”可知，最初她开通账号主要是想分享生活中的美好，并传播这种美从而激励他人，她认为云有一种很治愈的美。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Fr Zheng, ne f her mst unfrgettable clud-sptting experiences ccurred during a flight. It was the first time that she saw a special natural phenmenn called a ‘glry’, prduced by water drps in the air, It appeared as a hazy(模糊的) light pint in the middle f a circular rainbw hal.(对于郑来说，她最难忘的一次观云经历发生在一次飞行中。这是她第一次看到一种被称为“荣光”的特殊自然现象，它是由空气中的水滴产生的，它出现在圆形彩虹光环中间的一个朦胧的光点)”可知，一次飞行中她看到了使她终生难忘的景象，那是一种由小水滴产生的光点出现在彩虹光环中。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段内容“As a grwing number f nline users began t shw interest and raise questins, Zheng realized that she culd ffer mre science cntent abut clud sptting. S she started t learn mre by referring t specialized bks and cnsulting individuals with expertise in meterlgy.(随着越来越多的在线用户开始表现出兴趣并提出问题，郑意识到她可以提供更多关于观云的科学内容。因此，她开始通过参考专业书籍和咨询气象学专业人士来学习更多知识)”可推测，对于该博主来说，拓宽她对该主题相关知识理解的最关键做法就是她查阅专业书籍并咨询专业人士。故选C项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“By ding this, she hpes t inspire mre peple t appreciate the beauty f the ‘gentle white giants’ in the sky.(她希望通过这样做，激发更多的人去欣赏天空中‘温柔的白色巨人’的美丽)”可知，她想举办展览的最基本动机就是去激励更多的人去欣赏天空及云之美。故选A项。
C
The City f Sunlight, the cuntry’s first TV drama t feature mdern urban life in Xizang autnmus regin, tpped the ratings fr eight cnsecutive days during its bradcasting n China Central Televisin’s CCTV-1, accrding t CVB, a televisin shw statistics cllectr wrking in the Natinal Radi and Televisin Administratin.
Cnsisting f 21 episdes, the drama, set in Lhasa, fllws six yung peple chasing their dreams, vividly reflecting cntemprary Tibetan peple’s gals, pursuits and way f life.
The drama garnered 223 millin views and tpped the ratings during its late run n the prvincial satellite channel Hunan TV, accrding t the CVB.
With its picturesque natural scenery and cultural charm, the drama has attracted a large audience t visit Xizang, as evidenced by nearly 2 millin Chinese and freign turists traveling t Lhasa during its bradcast, an increase f 7.45 percent cmpared t the same perid last year, as revealed at a recent sympsium (研讨会)in Beijing.
Accrding t the prducers, the series tk three years t create and invlved traveling ver 4, 100 kilmeters t interview 132 individuals frm varius walks f life, with the crew’s ntes cntaining ver 1 millin characters.
Filming tk place in varius lcatins, frm Lhasa, at an altitude f 3, 650 meters, t Gampa cuntry in Shigatse city at 5, 200 meters, psing a significant challenge fr the cast and crew.
Li Jingsheng, vice-president f the China Federatin f Radi and Televisin Assciatins, said that The City f Sunlight ffers an inspiratinal mdel fr creating mvies and TV prgrams abut ethnic grups by telling an exciting and interesting stry that resnates with yung audiences in the mdern era.
The drama, starring actr Zhu Yu, achieved a high scre f 8.9 ut f 10 n Duban.
8. What is the main fcus f the TV drama “The City f Sunlight”?
A. The natural beauty and cultural significance f Xizang.
B. The challenges faced by the prductin crew during filming.
C. The stries and aspiratins f yung peple living in Lhasa?
D The increase in turism t Lhasa after the drama’s release.
9. Hw did the TV drama influence turism in Lhasa?
A. It led t a significant decrease in the number f visitrs.
B. It had n nticeable impact in the number f turists.
C. It resulted in an increase in the number f visitrs.
D. It dubled the number f turists visiting the city.
10. What was the primary purpse f the prducers’ interviews with peple having different ccupatins?
A. T find the right cast fr the drama.
B. T understand the daily lives f Tibetan peple.
C. T gather infrmatin fr the script and stryline.
D. T prmte the drama t ptential viewers.
11. What des the underlined phrase “resnate with” mean?
A. relate tB. appeal tC. valueD. discnnect with
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国首部以西藏自治区现代都市生活为主题的电视剧《阳光之城》在播出期间取得的收视成绩、剧情概述、拍摄背景以及该剧对旅游业的推动和对电影电视节目创作的启示等。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Cnsisting f 21 episdes, the drama, set in Lhasa, fllws six yung peple chasing their dreams, vividly reflecting cntemprary Tibetan peple’s gals, pursuits and way f life.(该剧共21集，以拉萨为背景，讲述了六位年轻人追梦的故事，生动反映了当代藏族人民的目标、追求和生活方式。)”可知，电视剧《阳光之城》的主要焦点是生活在拉萨的年轻人的故事和愿望。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“With its picturesque natural scenery and cultural charm, the drama has attracted a large audience t visit Xizang, as evidenced by nearly 2 millin Chinese and freign turists traveling t Lhasa during its bradcast, an increase f 7.45 percent cmpared t the same perid last year, as revealed at a recent sympsium (研讨会)in Beijing.(该剧以其如画的自然风光和文化魅力，吸引了大量观众前往西藏旅游。据北京近期举行的研讨会透露，该剧播出期间，有近200万中外游客前往拉萨，与去年同期相比增长了7.45%。)”可知，该电视剧以其如画的自然风光和文化魅力，吸引了大量观众前往西藏旅游，与去年同期相比增长了7.45%。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Cnsisting f 21 episdes, the drama, set in Lhasa, fllws six yung peple chasing their dreams, vividly reflecting cntemprary Tibetan peple’s gals, pursuits and way f life.(该剧共21集，以拉萨为背景，讲述了六位年轻人追梦的故事，生动反映了当代藏族人民的目标、追求和生活方式。)”以及文章第五段“Accrding t the prducers, the series tk three years t create and invlved traveling ver 4, 100 kilmeters t interview 132 individuals frm varius walks f life, with the crew’s ntes cntaining ver 1 millin characters.(据制片人介绍，该剧创作历时三年，剧组行程超过4100公里，采访了来自各行各业的132人，剧组笔记字数超过100万字。)”可推测，制片人对各行各业人士进行采访是为了了解藏族人民的日常生活，从而反映当代藏族人民的目标、追求和生活方式。故选B。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线短语所在句“Li Jingsheng, vice-president f the China Federatin f Radi and Televisin Assciatins, said that The City f Sunlight ffers an inspiratinal mdel fr creating mvies and TV prgrams abut ethnic grups by telling an exciting and interesting stry that resnates with yung audiences in the mdern era(中国广播电视协会副会长李景胜表示，《阳光之城》通过讲述一个激动人心、有趣的故事，与当代年轻观众……，为创作关于少数民族的电影和电视节目提供了一个鼓舞人心的范例。)”可推测，“resnate with”是在描述电视剧《阳光之城》与观众之间产生的某种联系或共鸣。选项A“relate t(与…有关，与…有联系)”与“resnate with”在语境中表达的“产生共鸣，有联系”的意思相符。故选A。
D
The human brain is a pwerful natural cmputer that has evlved ver tens f thusands f years. But what wuld yu get if yu cmbined this bilgical cmputer with a real ne?
Researchers at Indiana University Blmingtn in the US have linked human brain-like tissues t an electrnic chip, which can perfrm simple cmputer tasks. Their creatin named Brainware, is part f a grwing field called bilgical cmputing that might ne day utperfrm current cmputers, accrding t Nature.
The brain-like tissues the researchers used, als knwn as brain rganids (类器官), weren’t part f a living persn’s brain. They were “grwn” frm human stem cells, which are capable f prducing different types f cells and frming bdy tissues. It tk tw mnths fr the stem cells t mature int rganid.
The researchers then placed ne rganid nt an electrnic chip with thusands f electrdes (电极). Althugh rganids are much simpler and smaller than an actual brain, they act in the same way as human brains, such as respnding t electrical signals, which is what ur brain des all the time. These respnses lead t changes in the brain, which fuel ur ability t learn.
T test Brainware, the researchers used it fr vice recgnitin by training it with 240 Japanese recrdings spken by eight speakers. They fund that the rganid reacted differently tward each vice. With an accuracy f 78 percent, it successfully identified the speakers by shwing different neural (神经的) activities.
What’s special abut Brainware is that researchers can take advantage f the rganid’s cmplexity withut understanding its cell netwrks, accrding t Daily Mail. In ther wrds, scientists dn’t need t knw exactly hw the rganid wrks in rder t use it.
Accrding t the researchers’ wrk published in December cmbining rganids and electrnic chips culd increase the speed and efficiency f AI in the future. Als, such mdels can be used t study human brains, accrding t Nature. Using Brainware t mde and study neurlgical disrders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, is ne example. It culd als be used t test the effects f different treatments fr such diseases. “That’s where the prmise is: using these t ne day hpefully replace animal mdels f the brain,” Arti Ahluwalia, a researcher in Italy, tld Nature.
12. Brainware is a cmbinatin f ________.
A. human brain tissues and a cmputerB. human brain-like tissues and an electrnic chip
C. human stem cells and a cmputerD. human stem cells and an electrnic chip
13. What is ne similarity between rganids and actual brains?
A. They are f the same size.B. They have the same cmplexity.
C. They respnd t electrical signals.D. They can perfrm cmplex cmputer tasks.
14. Which f the fllwing is NOT a pssible future applicatin f Brainware?
A. Replacing animal mdels f the brain.B. Studying human brains.
C. Increasing the speed and efficiency f AI.D. Curing all neurlgical disrders.
15. Which f the fllwing best summarizes the verall purpse f the Brainware technlgy, as presented in the passage?
A. T develp treatments fr neurlgical disrders by using brain rganids.
B. T explre the ptential f cmbining bilgical and electrnic cmpnents.
C. T create a new type f cmputer that can perfrm cmplex tasks.
D. T understand the inner wrkings f the human brain and its cgnitive abilities.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文体裁为说明文。美国印第安纳大学的研究团队开发了一种名为Brainware的技术，将类似人脑的组织与电子芯片相结合，实现了简单的计算任务，如声音识别，为生物计算领域带来了新进展。
12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchers at Indiana University Blmingtn in the US have linked human brain-like tissues t an electrnic chip, which can perfrm simple cmputer tasks. Their creatin named Brainware, is part f a grwing field called bilgical cmputing that might ne day utperfrm current cmputers, accrding t Nature.(美国印第安纳大学布卢明顿分校的研究人员将类似人脑的组织与电子芯片连接起来，该芯片可以执行简单的计算机任务。据《自然》杂志报道，他们的发明名为Brainware，是生物计算这一新兴领域的一部分，有朝一日可能会超越目前的计算机)”可知，Brainware是人脑样组织和电子芯片的结合。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Althugh rganids are much simpler and smaller than an actual brain, they act in the same way as human brains, such as respnding t electrical signals, which is what ur brain des all the time.(虽然类器官比真正的大脑简单得多，也小得多，但它们的行为方式与人类大脑相同，比如对电信号做出反应，这就是我们的大脑一直在做的事情)”可知，类器官和真正的大脑的相似之处在于对电信号有反应。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Accrding t the researchers’ wrk published in December, cmbining rganids and electrnic chips culd increase the speed and efficiency f AI in the future. Als, such mdels can be used t study human brains, accrding t Nature. Using Brainware t mde and study neurlgical disrders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, is ne example. It culd als be used t test the effects f different treatments fr such diseases. “That’s where the prmise is: using these t ne day hpefully replace animal mdels f the brain,” Arti Ahluwalia, a researcher in Italy, tld Nature.(根据研究人员12月发表的研究，将类器官和电子芯片结合起来可以提高未来人工智能的速度和效率。此外，根据《自然》杂志的报道，这样的模型可以用来研究人类的大脑。使用Brainware来模拟和研究神经系统疾病，如阿尔茨海默病，就是一个例子。它还可以用来测试对这类疾病的不同治疗方法的效果。意大利的研究人员Arti Ahluwalia在接受《自然》杂志采访时表示：“这就是前景所在：有一天，这些技术有望取代动物的大脑模型。”)”可知，Brainware未来可能的应用包括替换大脑的动物模型、研究人类大脑、提高人工智能的速度和效率，治疗所有神经系统疾病不是Brainware未来可能的应用。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Als, such mdels can be used t study human brains, accrding t Nature. Using Brainware t mde and study neurlgical disrders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, is ne example.(此外，根据《自然》杂志的报道，这样的模型可以用来研究人类的大脑。使用Brainware来模拟和研究神经系统疾病，如阿尔茨海默病，就是一个例子)”可知，Brainware技术的总体目的是利用脑类器官开发神经系统疾病的治疗方法。故选A。
第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Surviving each day requires a lt f effrt n ur part, s make sure that yu are fully equipped physically, mentally, emtinally, and spiritually t meet the challenges ahead. Here are sme habits that yu can develp t help yu.
____16____ A puzzle tackled early in the day will give yur mind a kick-start. This is why many peple try t cmplete a crsswrd puzzle during the mrning cmmute. Sme websites publish puzzles f all types. A puzzle will take up nly a little time, but the benefits f beginning the day with a sharp mind are many.
Make yur muscles wrk a bit harder by trying sme resistance exercises. ____17____ Yur muscles will feel firmer, and yu will feel better in yurself.
Are yu eating unhealthy fds because they taste better? Healthy fd ften seems t be less flavrful. Think abut what yu are eating, and yu will realize that there are plenty f healthy fds that yu lve. Fruit and vegetables taste delicius, and yu will have sme favrites. Think f apples, ranges, bananas, r carrt sticks. ____18____
One way t make yu feel gd abut yurself is t praise ther peple when they have dne smething great. Sharing psitivity in this way creates a great atmsphere in the wrkplace r at hme. ____19____
____20____ It is easy t frget hw ding gd can make yu feel better and mre psitive. If yu decide t d a gd deed each day and allw this t becme a habit, yu will sn becme a mre psitive persn.
A. These are healthy and nt expensive.
B. Reslve t d ne gd thing each day.
C. Smile when a negative thught hits yu.
D. When thers feel appreciated, they will perfrm better.
E. Simple nes include climbing yur stairs r ding sme push-ups.
F. Such feelings in turn will help yu feel prud and lead t greater success.
G. Just as exercising yur bdy is imprtant, s yu need t exercise yur mind.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. A 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，提供了几种习惯来帮助人们更好地面对每天的挑战，包括锻炼大脑、身体锻炼、健康饮食、赞美他人以及做好事等。
【16题详解】
根据下文“A puzzle tackled early in the day will give yur mind a kick-start. This is why many peple try t cmplete a crsswrd puzzle during the mrning cmmute.(一天中早些时候解决的难题会给你的大脑一个启动。这就是为什么许多人在早晨通勤时试图完成一个填字游戏)”可知，本段主要讲述了解谜题对大脑的好处，与G项“Just as exercising yur bdy is imprtant, s yu need t exercise yur mind.(就像锻炼身体很重要一样，你也需要锻炼你的大脑)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Make yur muscles wrk a bit harder by trying sme resistance exercises.(通过尝试一些阻力练习让你的肌肉更加努力地工作)”可知，本段主要讲述了通过阻力练习来锻炼肌肉，与E项“Simple nes include climbing yur stairs r ding sme push-ups.(简单的包括爬楼梯或做一些俯卧撑)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Think f apples, ranges, bananas, r carrt sticks.(想想苹果、橙子、香蕉或胡萝卜棒)”可知，本段主要讲述了健康的食物，与A项“These are healthy and nt expensive.(这些都是健康且不贵的)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Sharing psitivity in this way creates a great atmsphere in the wrkplace r at hme.(以这种方式分享积极性会在工作场所或家中创造一种很好的氛围)”可知，本段主要讲述了赞扬他人带来的好处，与D项“When thers feel appreciated, they will perfrm better.(当其他人感到被赏识时，他们会表现得更好)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。
【20题详解】
根据下文“If yu decide t d a gd deed each day and allw this t becme a habit, yu will sn becme a mre psitive persn.(如果你决定每天做一件好事，并让它成为一种习惯，你很快就会成为一个更积极的人)”可知，本段主要讲述了每天做一件好事的重要性，与B项“Reslve t d ne gd thing each day.(决心每天做一件好事)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：完形填空（共15小题，每小分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Why shuld mankind explre space? Why shuld mney, time and effrts be spent explring and ____21____ smething with s few apparent benefits? Why shuld many resurces be spent n space ____22____ than n cnditins and peple n Earth?
These are questins that, understandably, are very ften asked. Perhaps the best answer ____23____ in ur genetic makeup (基因构成) as human beings. What____24____ ur ancestrs t mve frm the trees int the plains, and n int all ____25____ areas and envirnments? The wider the ____26____ f a species, the better its chance f ____27____. Perhaps the best reasn fr explring space is this genetic tendency t expand ____28____ pssible.
Nearly every successful civilizatin has ____29____, because by ding s, any dangers in surrunding areas can be identified and prepared fr. Withut knwledge, we may be _____30_____ destryed by the danger. With knwledge, we can _____31_____ its effects.
Explratin als allws minerals and ther ptential (潜在的) resurces _____32_____. Even if we have n _____33_____ need f them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resurces may be mre than physical pssessins. Knwledge r techniques have been _____34_____ thrugh explratin. The techniques may have medical applicatins which can _____35_____ the length r quality f ur lives.
21. A. huntingB. researchingC. sendingD. waiting
22. A. ratherB. mreC. lessD. ther
23. A. gesB. hidesC. fallsD. lies
24. A. madeB. ledC. drveD. shwed
25. A. pssibleB. hrribleC. changeableD. reasnable
26. A. exchangeB. existenceC. appearanceD. spread
27. A. remvalB. survivalC. arrivalD. refusal
28. A. hweverB. wheneverC. whereverD. whever
29. A. explredB. remvedC. changedD. survived
30. A. surelyB. reallyC. hardlyD. cmpletely
31. A. deepenB. lessenC. lengthenD. strengthen
32. A. fundB. wastedC. sentD. used
33. A. quickB. fullC. muchD. immediate
34. A. chargedB. cllectedC. acquiredD. cnnected
35. A. enlargeB. imprveC. exchangeD. include
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人类探索太空的原因，探索太空源于人类基因中的探索本能，有助于识别风险、获取资源与知识，长远看有益生存和发展。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为什么要花金钱、时间和精力去探索和研究那些明显没有什么好处的东西？A. hunting打猎，搜索；B. researching研究，调查；C. sending邮寄，发送；D. waiting等待。根据空前的“mney, time and effrts be spent explring and”和空后的“smething with s few apparent benefits”可知，这里指花费金钱、时间和精力去探索和研究太空。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：为什么许多资源应该花在太空上，而不是地球上的环境和人口上？A. rather相当；B. mre更多；C. less更少；D. ther另外。根据空前的“space”和空后的“than n cnditins and peple n Earth”可知，这里指许多资源被投入到了太空上，而不是地球的环境和人口上。rather than意为“而不是”；mre than意为“比……多”；less than意为“比……少”；ther than意为“除……以外”。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许最好的答案在于我们作为人类的基因构成。A. ges去；B. hides隐藏；C. falls落下；D. lies躺，存在，在于。根据空前的“the best answer”和空后的“in ur genetic makeup (基因构成) as human beings”可知，这里表示最好的答案在于我们作为人类的基因构成，lie in意为“在于”。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：是什么促使我们的祖先从树上迁移到平原，并进入所有可能的地区和环境？A. made制造；B. led导致；C. drve驱动，驱使；D. shwed表现。根据下文中的“this genetic tendency”可知，这里是在询问驱使人类从在树上生活到进入其他地方生活的动力，并且下文指出这在于人类基因的倾向。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. pssible可能的，可能存在的；B. hrrible可怕的；C. changeable易变的；D. reasnable合理的。根据空后的“areas and envirnments”可知，这里指可能适宜居住的地方和环境。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个物种的传播范围越广，它的生存机会就越大。A. exchange交换；B. existence存在；C. appearance出现；D. spread传播，广泛，多样。根据句中的“The wider”和上文中的“ur ancestrs t mve frm the trees int the plains, and n int all ____5____areas and envirnments”可知，这里指一个物种扩散范围的广泛性。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. remval移动，消除；B. survival生存，幸存；C. arrival到达；D. refusal拒绝。根据“the better its chance f”可知，这里指物种扩散越广，其生存机会就越大。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：也许探索太空的最佳原因是这种在任何可能的地方扩散的遗传倾向。A. hwever不管多么；B. whenever无论何时；C. wherever无论在哪里，在所有……的情况下；D. whever无论谁。根据上文中的“What____4____ur ancestrs t mve frm the trees int the plains, and n int all ____5____areas and envirnments? The wider the ____6____f a species, the better its chance f ____7____.”可知，人类的生存地从树上延展到了其他可能的地方和环境，并且物种扩散范围越广，其生存机会就越大，由此可知，这里指的是在任何有可能的地方扩散。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几乎每一个成功的文明都进行了探索，因为通过这样做，可以识别周围地区的任何危险并做好准备。A. explred探索；B. remved移开，去掉；C. changed改变；D. survived幸存。根据上下文多次提到的“explre space”“explratin”等可知，本文讨论的是人类空间探索的原因，所以这里讲述的是几乎每个成功的文明都有过探索行为。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：没有知识，我们可能会被危险彻底摧毁。A. surely无疑，必定；B. really真正地；C. hardly几乎不；D. cmpletely彻底地，完全地。根据空后的“destryed by the danger”可知，这里指人类可能会被危险彻底毁灭。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有了知识，我们可以减轻它的影响。A. deepen加强；B. lessen减弱，减轻；C. lengthen（使）变长；D. strengthen巩固。本句与上句“Withut knwledge, we may be ____10____destryed by the danger.”形成对比，没有知识时，人类可能会被危险彻底摧毁，而有知识时，人类可以减轻危险的影响。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：探索还可以发现矿产和其他潜在资源。A. fund发现；B. wasted浪费；C. sent邮寄，发送；D. used使用。根据下文中的“they will perhaps be useful later”并结合常识可知，探索有助于发现潜在的资源。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使我们没有立即需要它们，它们也许以后会有用。A. quick迅速的；B. full充满的；C. much许多；D. immediate立即的，目前的。根据句中的“they will perhaps be useful later”可知，即便人类不是立即需要这些资源，但它们在以后也许会有用。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过探索获得了知识或技术。A. charged收费，控告；B. cllected收集；C. acquired获得；D. cnnected（使）连接。根据上文中的“Explratin als allws minerals and ther ptential (潜在的) resurces ____12____.”和“Resurces may be mre than physical pssessins.”可知，探索有助于发现潜在的资源，这些资源不仅仅是物质资源，还可以通过探索获得知识和技术。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些技术可能具有医疗应用，可以延长我们的寿命或提高我们的生活质量。A. enlarge扩大；B. imprve提高，改善；C. exchange交换；D. include包括。根据空后的“the length r quality f ur lives”可知，技术在医疗方面的应用有助于延长人类的寿命或提高人类的生活质量。故选B。
第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qinling Muntains is a gegraphical dividing line between Nrthern China and Suthern China. They run west t east, ___36___(stretch) acrss Gansu Prvince, Shaanxi Prvince and Henan Prvince. Qinling Muntains is cvered by large-scale plants, ___37___ are hme t many wild animals such as giant pandas and glden mnkeys.
Qinling Muntains was frmed abut 200 millin years ag, ___38___(identify) as an imprtant eclgical security barrier. Because f the gegraphical differences in the nrth and the suth f Qinling Muntains, Qinling-Huai River Line ___39___(becme) the mst imprtant nrth-suth bundary f Chinese gegraphy s far. In winter, Qinling Muntains can blck the cld wave frm entering the suth and in summer, the mist sea breeze ___40___(blck) frm entering the nrthern regin.
While the Qinling Muntains have lng been knwn as the nrthern edge f giant panda habitat, ___41___ was nly in 2005 that the Qinling panda was recgnized as ___42___ distinct subspecies f giant panda. The Qinling panda is distinguished by its___43___(slight) smaller size and fur that is brwn rather than black, with abut 270 distributed in 7 areas, like Taibai Muntain and Qingmuchuan. As the ___44___(high) peak in the Qinling Muntains, Taibai Muntain is quite ppular amng muntain climbers. Many climbing enthusiasts like t spend a whle night reaching its peak t recrd its beautiful sunrise and enjy the ht spring fr ____45____(relax).
【答案】36. stretching
37. which 38. identified
39. has becme
40. is blcked
41. it 42. a
43. slightly
44. highest
45. relaxatin
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了秦岭山脉。秦岭是中国北方和南方的地理分界线。它们从西向东延伸，横跨甘肃省、陕西省和河南省。秦岭被大型植物覆盖，是大熊猫、金丝猴等许多野生动物的家园。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们从西向东延伸，横跨甘肃省、陕西省和河南省。分析句子结构可知stretch与逻辑主语they构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填stretching。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：秦岭被大型植物覆盖，是大熊猫、金丝猴等许多野生动物的家园。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Qinling Muntains，在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：秦岭形成于大约2亿年前，被认为是重要的生态安全屏障。分析句子结构可知identify与逻辑主语Qinling Muntains构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填identified。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：由于秦岭南北的地理差异，秦淮线成为迄今为止中国地理上最重要的南北边界。根据s far可知为现在完成时，主语为Qinling-Huai River Line，助动词用has。故填has becme。
【40题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在冬季，秦岭山脉可以阻挡寒潮进入南方，在夏季，潮湿的海风可以阻挡进入北部地区。主语与谓语构成被动关系，陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为the mist sea breeze，谓语用单数。故填is blcked。
【41题详解】
考查强调句。句意：虽然秦岭一直被认为是大熊猫栖息地的北部边缘，但直到2005年，秦岭大熊猫才被确认为大熊猫的一个独特亚种。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句“it be+被强调部分+that+其它”，被强调部分为nly in 2005。故填it。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：虽然秦岭一直被认为是大熊猫栖息地的北部边缘，但直到2005年，秦岭大熊猫才被确认为大熊猫的一个独特亚种。subspecies为泛指，且distinct是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：秦岭大熊猫的特点是体型略小，皮毛为棕色而非黑色，约有270只分布在太白山和青木川等7个地区。修饰形容词smaller应用副词slightly，作状语。故填slightly。
【44题详解】
考查最高级。句意：太白山作为秦岭的最高峰，深受登山爱好者的喜爱。根据上文定冠词以及句意“最高”可知应用最高级。故填highest。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：许多登山爱好者喜欢花一整晚的时间到达顶峰，记录美丽的日出，享受温泉放松。作介词的宾语，应用名词relaxatin，不可数。故填relaxatin。
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Alice的学校，在使用AI工具辅助学习，请你写一封邮件给Alice，向她询问如何使用AI工具提高学习效率，内容包括：
1.阐明写信事由；
2.征求建议；
3.表示感谢，
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Alice,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Alice,
I heard that yur schl is using AI tls t assist learning. I’m really interested in this. As I want t imprve my study efficiency, I’m writing t ask fr yur suggestins n hw t make gd use f AI tls.
Fr example, I wnder which specific AI tls are mst suitable fr different subjects like math, English, and histry. Als, hw ften and in what ways shuld we incrprate them int ur daily study rutine? Culd they really replace sme traditinal study methds r just cmplement them?
I wuld be extremely grateful if yu culd share yur experiences and valuable tips with me. Yur advice wuld mean a lt t me.
Thank yu very much!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作。要求考生给美国朋友Alice写封信，向其询问如何使用AI工具提高学习效率。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……感兴趣：be interested in→ shw interest in
想要：want→ wuld like
提高：imprve→ enhance
感激的：grateful→ thankful
2.句式拓展
合并句子
原句：I wuld be extremely grateful if yu culd share yur experiences and valuable tips with me. Yur advice wuld mean a lt t me.
拓展句：I wuld be extremely grateful if yu culd share yur experiences and valuable tips with me, because yur advice wuld mean a lt t me.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As I want t imprve my study efficiency, I’m writing t ask fr yur suggestins n hw t make gd use f AI tls.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】Fr example, I wnder which specific AI tls are mst suitable fr different subjects like math, English, and histry.（运用了which引导的宾语从句）
第二节（满分 25 分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Justin and his friend David had knwn each ther befre they became classmates. David didn’t seem t mind that Justin was small fr his age. But n the first day f schl, when David and Justin had lunch with the rest f the fifth-grade bys, Steven asked when David had started playing with babies, which made Justin uneasy.
Several weeks later, David called t invite Justin t his birthday party at his grandfather’s farm. Justin didn’t want t g initially because he had wanted t spend the day running. When he ran, the prblems at schl didn’t matter, and being the smallest kid in his class didn’t matter, either.
This Saturday, hwever, he reached the farm with Steven. David’s mther suggested that David shw the bys arund, s David asked his grandfather, Mr. Hamiltn, t drive them t the ft f a hill. Mr. Hamiltn left t prepare fr the party. The bys decided t enter a cave, g ut frm a hle at its tp, climb the hill and then hike back.
The entrance t the cave was a big stne rm with huge wden pillars (柱子) supprting the drway. Abut thirty feet in was a wall f rcks blcking further entrance. Frm the hle in the ceiling, light shne n the back wall. David started t shw the bys hw t climb up the back wall. “Let me g first,” Steven demanded. He grabbed David’s belt and pulled him ff the rck, thrwing him nt the grund.
“Watch ut!” shuted Justin. But it was t late. David fell hard against a pillar and the wd started t crack. A secnd later the pillar fell. Then part f the ceiling cllapsed. Dust filled the air. When the dust finally settled, the bys fund themselves trapped in the cave and the nly exit was the hle in the ceiling, which became smaller — t small fr anyne t g ut. Wrse still, a stream f water was flwing int the cave.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Justin lked up at the hle and said, “I might be small enugh t get ut.”
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Out f breath, Justin finally saw the farmhuse.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Justin lked up at the hle and said,“ I might be small enugh t get ut.” Vlunteering t have a try, he climbed slwly up the back wall. He curled his bdy t such an extreme extent that he ultimately managed t cme ut f the hle. N sner had Justin reached the tp than he headed ff t the farmhuse withut hesitatin. With thse panicked faces and flwing water in mind, he culdn’t help quickening his pace. It was his regular running that enabled him t make a mad dash t the farmhuse despite fatigue and cncern.
Out f breath, Justin finally saw the farmhuse. “Mr. Hamiltn! Hurry! David and Steven are trapped in the cave.” On hearing that, Mr. Hamiltn left fr the cave immediately with David’s mm. The mment they reached the spt, they set ut t clear the small pening and eventually pulled the bys ut. Luckily, n ne was hurt. Steven apprached Justin and said “I sincerely aplgize fr making fun f yu. It’s amazing hw quickly yu managed t get help.” “Aplgy accepted,” A sense f pride in his small bdy washed ver Justin fr the first time.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了Justin和David之间的友情，以及Justin如何通过自己的小身材在一次意外中成为救星的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Justin 和他的朋友 David 在成为同学之前就已经认识了。” 可知，第一段可描写Justin和David在成为同学之前的友谊基础，以及他们在学校里遇到的挑战，特别是Steven对Justin的嘲讽。
②由第二段首句内容“几周后，David 打电话邀请 Justin 参加在他祖父农场举行的生日派对。” 可知，第二段可以描写生日派对的邀请，Justin的犹豫以及最终决定参加的原因。
2.续写线索：主动尝试钻出洞口——全速跑向农场——到达农场报信——人们救出被困孩子——Steven道歉——Justin的感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①爬：climb/ ascend/scale
②蜷缩身体：curl his bdy/bend his bdy/cntrt his bdy
③跑：run/sprint/dash
情绪类
①恐慌：panicked/terrified/frightened
②自豪：prud/a sense f pride/take pride in
【点睛】【高分句型1】It was his regular running that enabled him t make a mad dash t the farmhuse despite fatigue and cncern. (运用了的强调句型)