2024北京朝阳高二（上）期末英语试卷（教师版）

这是一份2024北京朝阳高二（上）期末英语试卷（教师版），共20页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
(考试时间100分钟 满分100分)
第一部分 知识运用(共三节，30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I was in my hme ffice n a cld Sunday when I heard a quick knck n the dr. I ___1___ dwnstairs, threw pen the dr and saw my dad ___2___ smething. wrapped up in paper in his arms. Strangely, he had given n hint (暗示) f it when we spke n the phne last night.
“Open it.” he said.
I pened it t find a yellw begnia (秋海棠) It ccurred t me that it was Mther’s Day.
“But···but I’m nt a mther.” I said, ___3___.
My dad smiled, “Well, sme special peple aren’t mthers. but I think they ___4___ t get flwers, t.” With that, he hugged me and drve ff.
Later, I called t thank him and we gt t talking a lt. That’s when he let me in n his little ___5___. He had decided that he wuld challenge himself t d ne act f ___6___ per day. It had started several weeks befre when he accidentally knew a friend f his was having a rugh day. He knew she lved ice cream, s he drve straight t her huse with a huge tub f ice cream.
“She laughed ___7___ when she saw it,” he said, “It really delighted me t knw that I had ___8___ her day.”
When asked why, he added, “I already knw abut the imprtance f being ___9___ in the mment. S, I try t be there with each persn I am spending time with. I want them t feel imprtant and believe in the gdness in peple in that mment.”
I realized my dad was making a difference in peple’s lives. ___10___, I als want t be mre like my dad, wh ges ut f his way t make peple feel lved and cared fr.
1. A. fellB. waitedC. racedD. lked
2. A. shakingB. pullingC. hldingD. cllecting
3. A. annyedB. cnfusedC. wrriedD. disappinted
4. A. deserveB. decideC. prmiseD. pretend
5. A. celebratinB. jkeC. secretD. excuse
6. A. faithB. curageC. appreciatinD. kindness
7. A. cldlyB. excitedlyC. prudlyD. nervusly
8. A. keptB. spentC. predictedD. brightened
9. A. presentB. healthyC. patientD. humrus
10. A. DepressedB. InspiredC. TerrifiedD. Astnished
第二节 选词填空(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)
(请务必将第11至20题的答案写在答题卡指定区域内)
阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的词或词组，并用其正确形式填空。
11. Anne Sullivan was a superb teacher wh ________ Hellen Keller.
12. Susan’s success in business ________ her determinatin and bravery.
13. They’re building new htels in rder t ________ turism in this area.
14. I still remember ne time I had t ________ my car in the heavy snw.
15. It’s n truble fr me at all! ________, it’ll be a great pleasure t lend yu a hand.
16. Jhn explained the case t his bss, being careful nt t ________ any imprtant details.
17. The discvery f the new drug is f great ________ t/peple suffering frm heart disease.
18. Near the tp f the hill, the path ________ sharply t the right and enters an pen grassland.
19. We made many imprvements t ur huse. ________, we painted the walls and bught a sfa.
20. In the third mass extinctin, which ________ the “Great Dying” nw, mre than 90% f all species died ut.
第三节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
(请务必将第21至30题的答案写在答题卡指定区域内)
21. What a nice day tday! D yu feel like ________ (g) fr a picnic? (所给词的适当形式填空)
22. Sam ________ (write) the nvel fr three years and it was published last week. (所给词的适当形式填空)
23. Dn’t phne me between 10:00 and 11:30 tmrrw mrning. I ________ a meeting then. (have) (所给词的适当形式填空)
24. We ________ (wait) fr him fr ver an hur when he finally turned up at the meeting. (所给词的适当形式填空)
25. The manager was satisfied t see many new prducts ________ (develp) after tireless effrts. (所给词的适当形式填空)
26. Lucy has a great sense f humur and always keeps her clleagues ________ (amuse) with her stries. (所给词的适当形式填空)
27. ________ wrried me that my mther’s eyesight was declining. (用适当的词填空)
28. After the heavy rain, the grund gt s wet, ________ caused a lt f rad accidents. (用适当的词填空)
29. She brught her three friends t the party, nne f ________I had ever met befre. (用适当的词填空)
30. We need t take steps t save endangered species, including setting up special znes ________ plants and animals can be prtected. (用适当的词填空)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Whether yur dream is t write a best-selling nvel, design an award-winning advertisement, r simply describe stries frm yur wn life, the curse “Creative Strytelling and Creative Writing” in Eurpean Winter Schl will be idea l fr yu. It takes place n campus in Prague, capital f the Czech Republic, frm January 29 t February 9,2024.
Wh can apply?
The curse is available fr bth students and yung prfessinals wrldwide.
Requirements:
·A minimum age f 18(average age is 23).
·Medium level f English (Basic 1/Basic 2) required
·A persnal laptp/table t is needed fr the majrity f lessns.
What skills can yu get?
While this curse fcuses n the imprtance f a stry, we will mainly pay attentin t the writer (his/her imaginatin, vcabulary, narrative styles, critical thinking, and experience)—YOU.
·Yu will master the art f strytelling (“Shw Dn’t Tell” techniques).
·Yu will think imaginatively and creatively with an utside-the-bx attitude.
·Yu will write fr the audience with an ability t make them see yur pint f view.
·Yu will sell yur idea, cncept r prduct thrugh a variety f narrative tls and methds, such as presentatin, advertisement, blg, CV, essay and public speech.
·Yu will imprve yur English vcabulary, cmpsitin and writing style.
What is the price?
We wrk n a first-cme, first-served basis. The cst f the tw-week curse is €950, with an Early Bird fee f €850. Yu can nly use the Early Bird discunt until January 22, 2024. The fee includes:
·Curse and study materials
·Applicatin fee
·Weekly activities (except fr entrance fees and weekend trips)
Please nte: Frm January 26,2024 there will be a €50 charged as a late applicatin fee fr all applicatins received after this deadline. Other expenses, such as meals, accmmdatin, and insurance are nt included in the price.
Click here httpseurpeanwinterschl.cm fr mre infrmatin.
31. Accrding t the passage, applicants shuld ________.
A. knw sme basic EnglishB. be gd at cmputers
C. cme frm Eurpean cuntriesD. be aged between 18 and 23
32. After attending the curse, applicants will be able t ________.
A. design narrative tlsB. imprve writing skills
C. develp cmputer skillsD. apply “Tell Dn’t Shw” methds
33. If yu apply fr the curse n January 28, 2024, hw much shuld yu pay?
A. €850.B. €900.C. €950.D. €1,000.
B
My Day f N Plastic
Since its inventin, plastic has affected every aspect f ur lives. It has made pssible thusands f cnveniences, but it has cme with dwnsides, especially fr the envirnment. In a 24-hur experiment, I tried t live withut it t see what plastic stuff we can’t d withut and what we may be able t give up.
At the start f my n-plastic day, I made my way tward the bathrm, nly t stp myself befre I went in. “Culd yu pen the dr fr me?” I asked my wife. “The handle is plastic.” She pened it fr me, letting ut a “this is ging t be a lng day” sigh (叹气).
My mrning rutine was a headache. I culdn’t use my tthpaste, tthbrush, shamp r sap, all f which were made f plastic r put in plastic cntainers. Getting dressed was als a challenge, given that s many clthing items include plastic.
When I went ut, I brught alng tw glass cntainers and clth bags f varius sizes. I walked t a sandwich shp. “Can yu make the salad in this glass cntainer?” I asked. The manager said OK but then rejected my request t use my steel spn.
After lunch, I tk the subway t Central Park, which scred me mre vilatins (违规), since I need a MetrCard and the trains themselves have plastic parts. But at least I didn’t sit in ne f thse plastic seats.
Back hme, I recrded sme f my impressins. By my cunt, n my day f n plastic, I had made 164 vilatins. I felt defeated. And als uncertain. The next day I called Gabby Salazar, a scientist wh studies what mtivates peple t supprt envirnmental causes, and asked her fr advice.
“Yu can drive yurself crazy,” she said, “but it’s nt abut perfectin. It’s abut prgress.” Believe it r nt, individual behavir matters. It adds up. “Remember,” she cntinued, “it’s nt abut plastic being the enemy. It’s abut single-use as the enemy.”
I prmised t try, even after my nt successful attempt. I’ll start with small things, building up habits. I can take clth bags t the grcery. I might start packing my glass water bttle and steel spn. And frm there, wh knws?
34. The authr cnducted the 24-hur experiment because ________.
A. he was tired f using plastic stuff in his daily life
B. he tried t call upn peple t ban plastic prducts
C. he wndered hw much plastic he cnsumed each day
D. he wanted t figure ut hw t use plastic stuff wisely
35. Why did the authr’s wife sigh?
A. Because she didn’t knw his intentin.
B. Because she wrried abut her husband.
C. Because she thught it hard t avid using plastic.
D. Because she didn’t realize the dwnsides f plastic.
36. Hw did the authr feel after the n-plastic day?
A. Astnished.B. Discuraged.C. Relieved.D. Guilty.
37. Hw wuld the authr deal with plastic in the future?
A. Cntinue the plastic-free experiment.B. Give up the attempt at using less plastic.
C. Reduce plastic use thrugh small actins.D. Encurage peple t be envirnmentalists.
C
“Find yur passin!” is an appeal well-intended and meant t inspire. But is it gd advice?
“Finding” a passin implies that it already exists and is simply waiting t be discvered. Unfrtunately, this idea desn’t square with what science tells us. Instead, passins are develped. They ften begin with a spark (火花) f curisity caused by smething in ne’s envirnment, such as a fascinating physics lecture. Thrugh a prcess invlving repeated engagement and-psitive experiences, peple can cme t persnally value that cntent r activity and internalize it. What was at first interesting becmes an interest. If these qualities cntinue t intensify, a passin can emerge.
Actually, assuming passin as inbrn tend t cause peple t be less pen, less curageus in the face f challenges and less creative in pursuit f new interests. Thus, encuraging peple t “find” their passin may cause them t eventually believe that interests and passins are unchangeable. Peple wh think this have a fixed mindset f interest. By cntrast, sme peple, whm we refer t as having a grwth mindset f interest, view their interests and passins as develped.
Peple with a fixed mindset f interest, fr example, may fall int the trap f thinking, “If I have already fund my passin, why keep explring?” In recent studies, after engaging in a new science task, arts students with a fixed mindset expressed less interest in a scientific tpic than arts students with a grwth mindset. Meanwhile, science students with a fixed mindset respnded similarly t an art-related task. Fr thse with a grwth mindset, having a strng pre-existing interest in the arts r sciences did nt get in the way f them viewing a new area as interesting.
Wrse still, peple with a fixed mindset f interest tend t expect their passins t prvide limitless mtivatin, such that their favrite tpics shuld never feel t difficult r demanding. Such a mindset can als limit creativity and innvatin. If peple believe they are restricted t nly a few inbrn interests and, in cnsequence, d nt explre ther areas, they may miss seeing imprtant cnnectins acrss different fields. That lss is especially unfrtunate cnsidering hw leaders at innvative cmpanies have lng prized prblem-slving that draw ideas frm diverse disciplines.
Of curse, nt every activity will becme a burning passin. But a grwth mindset f interest will help yu remain pen and curius. The ld saying “find smething yu lve t d, and yu’ll never have t wrk a day in yur life” needs t be updated.
38. The authr uses the sentence underlined in Paragraph 1 t ________.
A. set a target fr criticismB. pint ut the fact
C. cnfirm peple’s findingD. vice his pinin
39. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Any interesting activity can spark a passin.
B. Cmpanies prefer thse wh specialize in ne field.
C. Peple with a fixed mindset f interest are hard t be mtivated.
D. A grwth mindset f interest prmtes creativity and innvatin.
40. Which will the authr prbably agree with?
A. One shuld cunt n luck t excite a burning passin.
B. Reinfrced psitive experiences cntribute t passin.
C. Thse already interested in a field find new areas bring.
D. We’d better cherish the existing passin and lk fr mre.
D
If the great dinsaurs hadn’t gne extinct, wuld they have dminated Earth tday? There has been a debate abut this pssibility fr decades. Recently tw analyses have put the surprising cgnitive (认知) abilities f dinsaurs — and their ptential limitatins — in a new light.
In ne study, Suzana Herculan-Huzel at Vanderbilt University calculated the likely number f neurns (神经细胞) in dinsaurs’ pallium, a brain structure that is respnsible fr advanced cgnitive functins. Research suggests that it is the number f neurns in these areas, rather than the brain size, that indicates an animal’s cgnitive ptential. Fr example, despite having a very small head, birds have mre densely packed brain cells than many mammals (哺乳动物) and s can pssess rughly as many neurns as mnkeys. The result is that sme birds shw great cgnitive abilities, cmparable t the smartest nn-human mammals. And it is precisely birds, being the nly surviving lineage (宗系) f dinsaurs, that are Herculan-Huzel’s fundatin. By cmparing the relatinship between brain size, number f neurns and bdy size in numerus existing birds and available fssils f dinsaurs, Herculan-Huzel cncludes that a large dinsaur such as T. rex culd have hused tw billin t three billin neurns in its pallium. If s, dinsaurs culd have had the capacity fr tl use and planning fr the future.
But neurns’ number may nt be enugh. Fr intelligence, brain architecture als matters. And this culd be the weakness f dinsaurs, argues Antn Reiner frm the University f Tennessee. Over 350 millin years f separate evlutin, mammals and dinsaurs fund tw rather different ways t rganize cgnitive functins. The mammalian neurns are rganized in a relatively thin layer frmed by cmpact clumns. In each clumn, different parts can cmmunicate with ne anther ver shrt distances. In cntrast, in the dinsaurs that survive tday, namely birds, the rganizatin is less cmpact. Accrding t Reiner, expanding brain capabilities beynd a certain pint culd make the structure far mre cmplex and less efficient than it is in humans. If this were the case, an increase in brain size wuld crrespnd t a greater distance between different parts f the brain, slwing dwn their cmmunicatin.
The issue remains pen t debate. Herculan-Huzel and Reiner each published a paper with rejectins t the ther’s argument. Meanwhile, ther scientists have entered the fight. Fr example, neurbilgist Girgi Vallrtigara assumes that speed in transmitting infrmatin between netwrks f neurns is prbably ne f dinsaurs’ strengths.
Whatever the truth is, understanding hw and if brain architecture impses limits n the develpment f cgnitin culd reveal much abut the evlutin f abilities and behavirs f varius animals. Als, this debate may tell us mre abut ur wn species than abut dinsaurs.
41. Why d Herculan-Huzel and Reiner study birds?
A. Because birds are mre intelligent than dinsaurs.
B. Because birds’ brain structures are the same as dinsaurs’.
C. Because birds are the nly survivrs f the dinsaur family.
D. Because birds have the same cgnitive/abilities as dinsaurs.
42. What des the wrd “cmpact” underlined in Paragraph 3 mst prbably mean?
A. Tight.B. Light.C. Large.D. Wide.
43. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Dinsaurs’ ability fr tl use wes t bigger brains.
B. The number f neurns has little t d with brain architecture.
C. Greater inter-brain distance causes higher cgnitive efficiency.
D. The factrs behind dinsaur intelligence remain t be identified.
44. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Are Dinsaurs Cmparable t Humans in Intelligence?
B. Are Dinsaurs with Bigger Brains the Ultimate Geniuses?
C. Hw Smart Were Dinsaurs? New Studies Fuel the Debate
D. Can Dinsaurs Outsmart Birds? Researches Cast a New Light
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fr many American high schl senirs and their families, May 1 is “Natinal Cllege Decisin Day,” when students make a decisin abut their academic future. ___45___ Accrding t a recent survey, mre than half f Americans dn’t even think cllege is wrth the cst. This is upsetting, as cmpleting cllege is as imprtant as ever.
___46___ Even in tday’s cmpetitive labr market, cllege graduates find wrk much easier and tend t cmmand significantly higher incmes. The unemplyment rate fr thse with a bachelr’s degree r greater is currently half that f thse with a high schl degree. This cllege incme advantage is due t technlgical advances like the persnal cmputer and the Internet, which have caused a huge demand fr skilled wrkers. The rapid advances tday in autmatin and artificial intelligence will further increase the need fr a highly skilled wrkfrce. ___47___
It is understandable why many students and families suspect that cllege is n lnger “wrth it.” Cllege tuitin has been rising fr years, and many students fear being burdened with lans after graduatin. But in fact, the net price f a fur-year cllege, which is what students pay after financial aid, has been falling since 2018 and is nw lwer than it was in 2006. ___48___ In ther wrds, the investment paid ff.
T make smart decisins abut where t g and what t study, students and parents can make use f resurces available tday t make infrmed chices. ___49___ With these resurces, students can gain a reasnable picture f what their future hlds dwn each ptential path.
A. T acquire these advanced skills, cllege remains the surest path.
B. Hwever, recent years have seen a sharp drp in cllege registratin.
C. These attitudes are als reflected in the actins f the yungest generatin.
D. Higher educatin must make cllege pricing clear t wuld-be cllege-gers.
E. Huge data shws a cllege degree actually gives graduates ecnmic advantages.
F. Furthermre, students in debt were mre likely t finish their degrees and earn mre later.
G. Fr example, tls like Cllege Screcard ffer graduatin rates and future earnings acrss schls.
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4 小题；第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分)
(请务必将第50至53题的答案写在答题卡指定区域内)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Grup-Chat Culture Is Out f Cntrl
Fr better r wrse, we might be in the Age f the Grup Chat. In a recent survey, mst peple said they felt stressed ut by grup messages, which can feel like a part-time jb.
Cnnectin is wnderful. Grexts, shrt fr grup texts, have the feature f imitating the casual back-and-frth f a dialgue, and the result can be mre dynamic and fun than a tw-persn thread. Having a chat ging als means yu have a space t share yur updates thrughut the day, a reminder that yu’re part f smething.
Sme researchers call this “ambient(周围的) virtual presence”: Even when yu’re alne, yu’re nt alne. One researcher cmpares this phenmenn t echlcatin(回声定位), the prcess that sme animals, such as bats and dlphins, use t lcate bjects: They prduce a cntinuus sund and use the resulting ech t sense their surrundings. Humans might use technlgies such as grup chats in a similar way—as a call-and-respnse, taking in infrmatin abut their scial netwrks and lcating themselves within thse webs.
But taking in t many signals can be verwhelming. Prfessr Bayer argued that grup chats can create a “waterfall type f effect”, where messages keep flding in and adding up. Eventually, yu’re underwater. Anther researcher suggested that different chat members all bring their wn persnalities, cmmunicatin styles, and expectatins fr grup nrms. Withut a standard etiquette (礼仪), peple have varied pinins abut what degree f respnsiveness is required—which can cause real tensin.
Grext anxiety is hard t reslve because it isn’t just abut the grup-chat r even mbile technlgy in general; it’s abut the tensin between being ur wn persn and being respnsible t thers. Ultimately, mst f us d want cnnectin, even if it invlves sme duties.
50. What is the feature f Grexts?
________________________________
51. Hw might humans use grup chats like echlcatin?
________________________________
52. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
▶Withut a standard etiquette, peple have different ideas abut what messages shuld be answered.
________________________________
53. Please describe hw anther mbile technlgy affects yur relatinship with thers. (In abut 40 wrds)
________________________________
第二节(20分)
54. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校将于下周举办校园书市活动，你打算邀请英国交换生Jim参加，请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动安排。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：书市bk fair
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案
第一部分 知识运用(共三节，30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述爸爸在母亲节送给作者花，让作者感到困惑，随后爸爸向作者透露自己决定日行一善的秘密，作者也受到鼓舞，决定像爸爸一样。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跑下楼，猛地推开门，看到爸爸手里拿着用纸包着的什么东西。A. fell掉下；B. waited等待；C. raced快速移动；D. lked看。根据上文“when I heard a quick knck n the dr”可知，作者听到急促的敲门声应是快速下楼开门，故选C。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. shaking摇动；B. pulling拉；C. hlding拿着；D. cllecting收集。根据“in his arms”可知，此处指爸爸拿着什么东西，故选C。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“但是……但是我不是一个母亲。”我疑惑地说。A. annyed恼怒的；B. cnfused 困惑的；C. wrried担心的；D. disappinted失望的。结合上文“It ccurred t me that it was Mther’s Day.(我突然想起今天是母亲节)”以及“but I’m nt a mther(但我不是母亲)”可知，爸爸在母亲节送花给作者，作者不是一位母亲，这让作者感到困惑，故选B。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸笑着说：“嗯，有些特别的人不是妈妈，但我认为她们也应该得到鲜花。”A. deserve值得，应得；B. decide决定；C. prmise承诺；D. pretend假装。根据“sme special peple aren’t mthers”以及转折词“but”可知，爸爸认为作者对于自己是特别的人，虽然不是妈妈，也值得得到花，故选A。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，他告诉了我他的小秘密。A. celebratin庆祝，庆典；B. jke玩笑；C. secret秘密；D. excuse借口。根据下文“He had decided that he wuld challenge himself t d ne act f ___6___ per day.”可知，爸爸决定每天要做一点善事，这是爸爸的小秘密，故选C。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他决定挑战自己，每天做一件善事。A. faith信仰；B. curage勇气；C. appreciatin感激；D. kindness善意，善良。根据上文爸爸送花给作者以及最后一段中“I als want t be mre like my dad, wh ges ut f his way t make peple feel lved and cared fr(我也想更像我的父亲，他不遗余力地让人们感到被爱和被关心)”可知，爸爸不遗余力地让人们感到被爱和被关心，故他是每天做一件善事，故选D。
【7题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“当她看到它时，她兴奋地笑了起来，”他说，“知道我让她的一天变得愉快，我真的很高兴。”A. cldly冷漠地；B. excitedly兴奋地；C. prudly骄傲地；D. nervusly紧张地。根据上文“He knew she lved ice cream, s he drve straight t her huse with a huge tub f ice cream.(他知道她喜欢吃冰淇淋，所以他带着一大桶冰淇淋直接开车去了她家)”以及空前的“laughed”可知，她喜欢吃冰淇淋，所以看到冰淇淋应是兴奋地大笑，故选B。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. kept保持；B. spent花费；C. predicted预测；D. brightened（使）快活起来。根据上文“She laughed”可知，爸爸的行为让她高兴起来，故选D。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当被问及原因时，他补充说：“我已经知道在某个时刻陪在身边的重要性。”A. present在场，出现；B. healthy健康的；C. patient耐心的；D. humrus幽默的。根据上文“he drve straight t her huse with a huge tub f ice cream”提到爸爸去朋友家送冰淇淋以及下文“S, I try t be there”可知，此处指在某个时刻出现在身边，故选A。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我备受鼓舞，也想更像我的父亲，他不遗余力地让人们感到被爱和被关心。A. Depressed沮丧的； B. Inspired受到启发的，受到鼓舞的；C. Terrified害怕的；D. Astnished震惊的。根据“I als want t be mre like my dad”可知，作者受到爸爸的鼓舞，也想做一个和他一样的人，故选B。
第二节 选词填空(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)
【答案】11. had an impact n
12. bils dwn t
13. bst 14. abandn
15. On the cntrary
16. leave ut
17. significance
18. bends 19. Fr instance
20. is knwn as
【11题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：安妮·沙利文是一位极好的老师，她对海伦·凯勒产生了影响。根据“Anne Sullivan was a superb teacher”可知，此处指“她对海伦·凯勒产生了影响”，have an impact n“对……有影响”符合题意，结合句中“was”可知此处用一般过去时，故填had an impact n。
【12题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：苏珊事业上的成功归结于她的决心和勇气。结合空前的“Susan’s success in business”以及空后的“her determinatin and bravery.”可知，此处指“苏珊事业上的成功归结于她的决心和勇气”，bil dwn t“归结为”，符合题意，句子是是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语“success”是不可数名词，谓语动词用三单形式，故填bils dwn t。
【13题详解】
考查动词。句意：他们正在建造新的旅馆以促进这个地区的旅游业。根据“They’re building new htels”可知，此处指“建造新的旅馆以促进这个地区的旅游业”，bst“促进”，动词，in rder t d sth“为了做某事”，故空处用动词原形，故填bst。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：我还记得有一次我不得不在大雪中弃车。根据“in the heavy snw”可知，此处指“在大雪中弃车”，abandn“放弃，舍弃”，动词，符合题意，have t d sth“不得不做某事”，故空处用动词原形。故填abandn。
【15题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：这对我来说一点也不麻烦！相反，我很乐意帮你一把。结合空前后句意可知，n the cntrary“相反”，符合题意，句首单词的首字母应大写，故填On the cntrary。
【16题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：约翰向老板解释了情况，小心翼翼地不遗漏任何重要细节。结合“Jhn explained the case t his bss”可知，此处指“小心翼翼地不遗漏任何重要细节”，leave ut“遗漏”，符合题意，空前的t是不定式符号，故空处用动词原形，故填leave ut。
【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：这种新药的发现对心脏病患者有重大意义。结合空前的“The discvery f the new drug”以及空后的“peple suffering frm heart disease”可知，此处指“这种新药的发现对心脏病患者有重大意义”，空处作介词f的宾语，应用significant的名词形式significance“意义，重要性”，不可数名词，故填significance。
【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：在山顶附近，小路向右急转弯，进入一片开阔的草原。结合空后的“t the right and enters an pen grassland”可知，此处指“小路向右急转弯”，bend“拐弯”，动词，符合题意，空处和“enters”并列，用动词单数形式，故填bends。
【19题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我们对房子做了许多改进。例如，我们粉刷了墙壁，买了一个沙发。结合句意可知，空后是对前文举例说明，fr instance“例如”，符合题意，句首单词的首字母应大写，故填Fr instance。
【20题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：在第三次大灭绝中，也就是现在所说的“大灭绝”中，超过90%的物种灭绝了。结合“Great Dying”可知，此处指“被认为是”，be knwn as“被认为是”，符合题意，结合“nw”可知，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语which指代“the third mass extinctin”，表示单数意义，故填is knwn as。
第三节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
(请务必将第21至30题的答案写在答题卡指定区域内)
21. 【答案】ging
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今天天气真好！你想去野餐吗？feel like ding sth“想要做某事”，固定短语，此处应用动名词形式作宾语，故填ging。
22. 【答案】had written
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：萨姆写这本小说已经三年了，上周出版了。根据“it was published last week”可知，小说上周出版，而“write”表示的动作发生在出版之前，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故填had written。
23. 【答案】will be having
【详解】考查将来进行时。句意：明天上午10点到11点半之间不要给我打电话。那时我要开会。根据句意可知，句中的then指的是明天上午10点到11点半那段时间，所以谓语动词应用将来进行时will be having，表示将来某段时间内一直发生的动作，故填will be having。
24. 【答案】had been waiting
【详解】考查过去完成进行时。句意：我们等了他一个多小时，他终于在会上出现了。时间状语从句“when he finally turned up at the meeting.”用的是一般过去时，wait表示的动作发生在从句之前，表示从过去的过去开始一直延续到过去的某个时刻，并仍然可能会延续下去，用过去完成进行时，故填had been waiting。
25. 【答案】develped
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经理看到许多新产品经过很大努力后得到改进后很满意。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词 new prducts与develp之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。根据句意，故填develped。
26. 【答案】amused
【详解】考查形容词。句意：露西很有幽默感，她讲的故事总能逗得同事们发笑。“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法，此处宾语为“her clleagues”，需用-ed结尾的形容词作宾语补足语。故填amused。
27. 【答案】It
【详解】考查it的用法。句意：我母亲的视力在下降，这使我很担心。分析句子可知，空处应填it作形式主语，that引导主语从句作真正的主语，首字母应大写，故填It。
28. 【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：大雨过后，地面变得很湿，造成了很多交通事故。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。
29. 【答案】whm
【详解】考查“nne f+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：她带着她的三个朋友去参加聚会，这三个朋友我之前一个也没见过。设空处无提示词，逗号前面是一个完整的句子，且设空处前面是nne f，故推测“nne f+设空处”引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词是her three friends，指人，且设空处在从句中作f的宾语，应用whm引导。故填whm。
30. 【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们需要采取措施来拯救濒临灭绝的物种，包括建立保护区来保护动植物。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是“special znes”，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)
【答案】31. A 32. B 33. D
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了欧洲冬季学校的“创意讲故事和创意写作”课程。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Requirements(要求)”部分中第二点“Medium level f English (Basic 1/Basic 2) required(英语水平中等（基础1/基础2）)”可知，申请者应该了解一些基本的英语知识。故选A。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“What skills can yu get?(你能获得什么技能？)”部分中最后一点“Yu will imprve yur English vcabulary, cmpsitin and writing style.(提高你的英语词汇量、作文和写作风格)”可知，上该课程后，申请者将会提高写作技能。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“What is the price?(价格是多少？)”部分中“The cst f the tw-week curse is €950(为期两周的课程费用为950欧元)”以及“Please nte: Frm January 26, 2024 there will be a €50 charged as a late applicatin fee fr all applicatins received after this deadline.(请注意：从2024年1月26日起，在此截止日期之后收到的所有申请将收取50欧元的逾期申请费)”可知，课程费用为950欧元，2024年1月26日后的申请将收取50欧元逾期费，故2024年1月28日申请该课程需支付1000欧元。故选D。
【答案】34. D 35. C 36. B 37. C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了作者进行的无塑料日实验。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In a 24-hur experiment, I tried t live withut it t see what plastic stuff we can’t d withut and what we may be able t give up.(在一个24小时的实验中，我试着在没有塑料的情况下生活，看看哪些塑料是我们不能没有的，哪些是我们可以放弃的)”可知，作者进行一个24小时的实验，因为他想弄清楚如何明智地使用塑料，故选D。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“She pened it fr me, letting ut a ‘this is ging t be a lng day’ sigh (叹气).(她为我打开了它，发出了一声‘这将是漫长的一天’的叹息)”可知，作者在无塑料日让妻子帮忙开门，妻子发出“这将是漫长的一天”的叹息，说明妻子认为类似的事情会很多，即她认为很难避免使用塑料，故选C。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Back hme, I recrded sme f my impressins. By my cunt, n my day f n plastic, I had made 164 vilatins. I felt defeated. And als uncertain.(回到家，我记录了一些我的感受。据我统计，在我不使用塑料的那一天，我已经违规164次了。我感到失败了。同时也感到不确定)”可知，无塑料日结束后作者感到挫败、泄气。故选B。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I’ll start with small things, building up habits. I can take clth bags t the grcery. I might start packing my glass water bttle and steel spn.(我会从小事做起，培养习惯。我可以拿布袋去杂货店。我可能会开始收拾我的玻璃水瓶和钢勺)”可知，作者未来会从小事中减少塑料的使用，故选C。
【答案】38. A 39. D 40. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章批判了“找到你的激情”这个观点，认为激情是培养出来的，要秉持兴趣成长型心态，这会帮助你保持开放和好奇，有助于培养激情。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘Finding’ a passin implies that it already exists and is simply waiting t be discvered. Unfrtunately, this idea desn’t square with what science tells us.(‘找到’激情意味着它已经存在，只是在等待被发现。不幸的是，这种想法与科学告诉我们的并不相符)”可知，下文指出“Find yur passin!”与科学不相符，故第一段使用该句是为了设定一个批判的目标，故选A。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Fr thse with a grwth mindset, having a strng pre-existing interest in the arts r sciences did nt get in the way f them viewing a new area as interesting.(对于那些具有成长型心态的人来说，对艺术或科学有强烈的兴趣并不妨碍他们将新领域视为有趣的)”和第五段中“Such a mindset can als limit creativity and innvatin.(这样的心态也会限制创造力和创新)”可知，有固定兴趣心态的人会限制创造力和创新，与之相反，兴趣成长型心态的人乐于探索新领域。由此推知，兴趣成长型心态促进创造力和创新。故选D。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Instead, passins are develped. They ften begin with a spark (火花) f curisity caused by smething in ne’s envirnment, such as a fascinating physics lecture. Thrugh a prcess invlving repeated engagement and-psitive experiences, peple can cme t persnally value that cntent r activity and internalize it. What was at first interesting becmes an interest. If these qualities cntinue t intensify, a passin can emerge.(相反，激情是培养起来的。它们通常是由周围环境中的事物引起的好奇心火花开始的，比如一场迷人的物理讲座。通过一个包含重复参与和积极体验的过程，人们可以个人地重视内容或活动，并将其内化。起初有趣的事情变成了一种兴趣。如果这些品质持续增强，激情就会浮现)”可知，重复参与和积极体验的过程会使人们对某事感兴趣，如果兴趣持续增强，就会激发激情。由此推知，强化积极的经历有助于激发激情。故选B。
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了关于恐龙智力的最近的两项研究，新的研究加剧了争论。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“And it is precisely birds, being the nly surviving lineage (宗系) f dinsaurs, that are Herculan-Huzel’s fundatin.(正是鸟类，作为唯一幸存的恐龙宗系，是Herculan-Huzel的基础)”和第三段中“In cntrast, in the dinsaurs that survive tday, namely birds, the rganizatin is less cmpact.(相比之下，在今天幸存下来的恐龙中，也就是鸟类，这个组织就没有那么紧凑了)”可知，Herculan-Huzel和Reiner研究鸟类是因为鸟类是恐龙宗系中唯一的幸存者，故选C。
【42题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下一句“In each clumn, different parts can cmmunicate with ne anther ver shrt distances.(在每一柱中，不同的部分可以在短距离内相互通信)”可知，不同的部分可以在短距离内相互通信，说明柱状结构应是很紧凑，由此推知划线词所在句意为“哺乳动物的神经元组织在一个由紧凑的柱状结构组成的相对较薄的层中”，cmpact意为“紧凑的”，故选A。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“The issue remains pen t debate. Herculan-Huzel and Reiner each published a paper with rejectins t the ther’s argument. Meanwhile, ther scientists have entered the fight.(这个问题仍有待讨论。Herculan-Huzel和Reiner各自发表了一篇论文，反驳了对方的观点。与此同时，其他科学家也加入了这场斗争)”可知，科学家对于影响恐龙智力的因素观点不一，该问题仍有待讨论，故恐龙智力背后的因素仍有待确定。故选D。
【44题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“If the great dinsaurs hadn’t gne extinct, wuld they have dminated Earth tday? There has been a debate abut this pssibility fr decades. Recently tw analyses have put the surprising cgnitive (认知) abilities f dinsaurs — and their ptential limitatins — in a new light.(如果大恐龙没有灭绝，它们今天会已经统治了地球吗？关于这种可能性的争论已经持续了几十年。最近有两项分析对恐龙惊人的认知能力及其潜在的局限性有了新的认识)”可知，对于恐龙智力的争论已经持续了几十年，文章主要介绍了关于恐龙智力的最近的两项研究，C项“恐龙有多聪明？新的研究加剧了争论”为最佳标题，故选C。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)
【答案】45. B 46. E 47. A 48. F 49. G
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章认为完成大学学业和以往一样重要，大学学位可以给毕业生带来经济优势，而且很多学生和家长担心的债务问题实际上可以在学生毕业后得以解决，他们可以借助现有的资源明智地选择大学和专业。
【45题详解】
前文“Fr many American high schl senirs and their families, May 1 is “Natinal Cllege Decisin Day,” when students make a decisin abut their academic future. (对许多美国高中毕业生和他们的家人来说，5月1日是“全国大学决定日”，学生们在这一天对自己的学业未来做出决定)”引出美国高中毕业生选择大学的话题，后文“Accrding t a recent survey, mre than half f Americans dn’t even think cllege is wrth the cst. (根据最近的一项调查，超过一半的美国人甚至认为上大学不值这个钱)”指出很多美国人不再选择上大学，因此B项“Hwever, recent years have seen a sharp drp in cllege registratin. (然而，近年来大学注册人数急剧下降)”符合语境，说明上大学人数减少的情况，和前文形成转折，后文是对选项内容的进一步说明。故选B。
【46题详解】
空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。根据后文“Even in tday’s cmpetitive labr market, cllege graduates find wrk much easier and tend t cmmand significantly higher incmes. The unemplyment rate fr thse with a bachelr’s degree r greater is currently half that f thse with a high schl degree. (即使在当今竞争激烈的劳动力市场上，大学毕业生也更容易找到工作，而且往往能获得高得多的收入。目前，拥有学士学位或更高学位的人的失业率是拥有高中学位的人的一半)”可知，本段主要介绍拥有大学学位在就业方面的优势，因此E项“Huge data shws a cllege degree actually gives graduates ecnmic advantages. (大量数据显示，大学学位实际上给毕业生带来了经济优势)”符合语境，点明大学学位带来经济优势，契合段落内容。故选E。
【47题详解】
前文“The rapid advances tday in autmatin and artificial intelligence will further increase the need fr a highly skilled wrkfrce. (当今自动化和人工智能的快速发展将进一步增加对高技能劳动力的需求)”说明当前社会发展对高技能劳动力的需求，因此A项“T acquire these advanced skills, cllege remains the surest path. (要获得这些高级技能，大学仍然是最可靠的途径)”符合语境，指出大学可以帮助获得这些高级技能，承接前文。故选A。
【48题详解】
前文“But in fact, the net price f a fur-year cllege, which is what students pay after financial aid, has been falling since 2018 and is nw lwer than it was in 2006. (但事实上，四年制大学的净学费，即学生在获得经济援助后支付的费用，自2018年以来一直在下降，现在比2006年还低)”指出大学的净学费实际上有所下降，后文“In ther wrds, the investment paid ff. (换句话说，投资得到了回报)”对空处的内容进行了简要概括，说明大学投资有回报，因此F项“Furthermre, students in debt were mre likely t finish their degrees and earn mre later. (此外，有债务的学生更有可能完成学位并在以后赚得更多)”符合语境，指出债务可以激励大学生完成学位、获得更高收入，承接前文，契合后文的概括。故选F。
【49题详解】
前文“T make smart decisins abut where t g and what t study, students and parents can make use f resurces available tday t make infrmed chices. (为了做出明智的决定，去哪里和学什么，学生和家长可以利用现有的资源在知情的情况下做出选择)”建议学生和家长利用现有资源去选择，因此G项“Fr example, tls like Cllege Screcard ffer graduatin rates and future earnings acrss schls. (例如，像大学记分卡这样的工具可以提供各个学校的毕业率和未来收入)”符合语境，举出一个具体的可使用的资源，承接前文。故选G。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4 小题；第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分)
【答案】50. Imitating the casual back-and-frth f a dialgue.
51. Humans might use grup chats as a call-and-respnse, taking in infrmatin abut their scial netwrks and lcating themselves within thse webs.
52. ▶Withut a standard etiquette, peple have different ideas abut what messages shuld be answered.
Withut a standard etiquette, peple have different ideas abut what degree f respnsiveness is required.
53. (1) The music apps n my smart phne have a psitive influence n friendship. Thanks t the sharing functins, I have been able t get t knw peple wh have the same taste f music and we can even listen t ur favrite pieces at the same time.
(2) Vide games have becme a challenge t my relatinships with friends. Smetimes I have t reluctantly play with them as a team even when I am busy. In additin, the disagreement and cmplaints when we are playing the game als ptentially harm friendship.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了群聊文化已经失控。
【50题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第二段“Grexts, shrt fr grup texts, have the feature f imitating the casual back-and-frth f a dialgue, and the result can be mre dynamic and fun than a tw-persn thread.”（Grexts是群组文本的缩写，具有模仿随意的对话的特点，其结果可能比两个人的对话更有活力、更有趣）可知，Grexts的特点是具有模仿随意的对话。故填Imitating the casual back-and-frth f a dialgue.
【51题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第二段“Humans might use technlgies such as grup chats in a similar way—as a call-and-respnse, taking in infrmatin abut their scial netwrks and lcating themselves within thse webs.”（人类可能以类似的方式使用群聊等技术ーー作为一种呼叫和回应，获取有关其社交网络的信息，并将自己定位在这些网络中。）可知，人类可能会把群聊作为一种电话和回应，获取有关他们社交网络的信息，并在这些网络中定位自己。故填Humans might use grup chats as a call-and-respnse, taking in infrmatin abut their scial netwrks and lcating themselves within thse webs.
【52题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Withut a standard etiquette (礼仪), peple have varied pinins abut what degree f respnsiveness is required—which can cause real tensin.”（如果没有标准的礼仪，人们对需要多大程度的回应有不同的看法——这可能会导致真正的紧张。）可知，what messages shuld be answered错误，应改为如果没有标准的礼仪，人们对需要多大程度的回应有不同的看法——这可能会导致真正的紧张。故填Withut a standard etiquette, peple have different ideas abut what degree f respnsiveness is required.
【53题详解】
考查开放性试题。请描述另一种移动技术如何影响你与他人的关系。故可回答为：我智能手机上的音乐应用程序对友谊有积极的影响。由于分享功能，我可以认识有相同音乐品味的人，我们甚至可以同时听我们最喜欢的作品。也可回答为：电子游戏已经成为我与朋友关系的挑战。有时即使我很忙，我也不得不不情愿地和他们一起玩。此外，我们在玩游戏时的分歧和抱怨也可能损害友谊。故填(1) The music apps n my smart phne have a psitive influence n friendship. Thanks t the sharing functins, I have been able t get t knw peple wh have the same taste f music and we can even listen t ur favrite pieces at the same time.(2) Vide games have becme a challenge t my relatinships with friends. Smetimes I have t reluctantly play with them as a team even when I am busy. In additin, the disagreement and cmplaints when we are playing the game als ptentially harm friendship.
第二节(20分)
54. 【答案】Pssible versin 1:
Dear Jim,
Hw’s everything ging? I’m writing t invite yu t take part in the bk fair n ur campus.
The activity prvides us students with a gd platfrm t make better use f ur bks. Mre imprtantly, we can make friends with like-minded peple wh share a passin fr bks and reading. The bk fair will be held at the Students’ Activity Center at 3:00 pm next Friday, when students can sell unwanted bks, r buy bks they need at a relatively lwer price. We can pay in cash r by scanning QR cdes. It is als welcmed t sell sme f yur bks.
As a regular visitr, I find this activity appealing and rewarding. Wuld yu like t cme? Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
Pssible versin 2:
Dear Jim,
Hpe this email finds yu well. I am writing t invite yu t the exciting annual campus bkfair.
The activity, a lng-standing traditin at ur schl, aims t give us a great chance t discver smething new and exciting t read and imprve ur lve f reading. It will take place frm 4:00 pm t 5:30 pm next Friday in the schl’s auditrium. We can brwse thrugh a wide range f new and secnd-hand bks n display, including fictin, nn-fictin, classics and s n. There will als be interactive games related t bks and literature, such as quizzes, puzzles, and strytelling.
If yu are interested, just let me knw. Lking frward t hearing frm yu!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国交换生Jim写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加学校将于下周举办的校园书市活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
邀请某人：invite sb→extend an invitatin t sb
机会：chance→pprtunity
举行：take place→be held
感兴趣：be interested in→shw an interest in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We can brwse thrugh a wide range f new and secnd-hand bks n display, including fictin, nn-fictin, classics and s n.
拓展句：We can brwse thrugh a wide range f new and secnd-hand bks n display, which include fictin, nn-fictin, classics and s n.
【点睛】【高分句型1】There will als be interactive games related t bks and literature, such as quizzes, puzzles, and strytelling.（运用了过去分词短语 related t bks and literature作后置定语）
【高分句型2】If yu are interested, just let me knw.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
bend abandn have an impact n bil dwn t leave ut
significant bst fr instance be knwn as n the cntrary