备战2025年高考英语精品教案 第二部分 学透语法 强化动词篇 专题四 非谓语动词（Word版附解析）

这是一份备战2025年高考英语精品教案 第二部分 学透语法 强化动词篇 专题四 非谓语动词（Word版附解析），共17页。
考向1 非谓语动词作主语和宾语 [全国卷5年12考]
1.[2023 全国乙，68]As a phtgrapher， I have spent the last tw years recrding （recrd） everything I discvered.
2.[2022浙江1月，65] That apprach brught Cbb’s air travel last year dwn by 75％， and she plans t cntinue （cntinue） the practice.
3.[2021全国甲，63]It is pssible t walk （walk） r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
全国卷语法填空对于非谓语动词作主语或宾语的考查主要涉及：
1.it作形式主语/宾语时，v-ing或不定式作真正的主语/宾语；
2.v-ing在介词或某些动词（短语）后作宾语；
3.不定式在某些动词（短语）后作宾语。
1.[2023新高考Ⅰ，57]T eat ne， yu have t decide whether t bite （bite） a small hle in it first， releasing the steam and risking a spill（溢出）， r t put the whle dumpling in yur muth， letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue（舌头）.
2.[2020新高考Ⅱ， 56]These days， it is nt unusual fr 10- t 12-year-lds t publish their wn websites r fr secnd and third graders t begin （begin） cmputer classes.
3.[全国Ⅱ，61]A 90-year-ld has been awarded "Wman Of The Year" fr being （be） Britain’s ldest full-time emplyee — still wrking 40 hurs a week.
4.[全国Ⅲ，62]On ur way t the huse， it was raining s hard that we culdn’t help wndering hw lng it wuld take t get （get） there.
5.[浙江高考，63]But sme students didn’t want t wear （wear） the unifrm.
考向2 非谓语动词作定语[全国卷5年12考]
4.[2023 新高考Ⅰ，59]Shanghai may be the recgnized （recgnize） hme f the sup dumpling， but fd histrians will actually pint yu t the neighbring ancient canal twn f Nanxiang as xia lng ba’s birthplace.
5.[2023全国乙，62]Frm Buddhist temples t museums， narrw hutng t ryal palaces， it is hme t mre than 3，000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut， with the city keeping its carefully built （build） system f ring rads.
6.[2022全国甲，61] A visually-challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked（徒步） 40 days t Xi’an， as a first step t jurney （jurney） the Belt and Rad rute（路线） by ft.
7.[2022新高考Ⅱ，56]When he saw a yung child hanging frm a sixth-flr apartment balcny （阳台）， Henry ran ne hundred metres， jumped ver a 1.2-metre fence， and held ut his arms t catch the falling （fall） child.
8.[2022北京，12]Fearful that he might have an intentin t harm （harm） her， Helen started t run.
9.[2021天津3月，9]China’s Natinal Highway 318， extending （extend） ver 5，000 kilmeters frm Shanghai t Zhangmu， Tibet， is knwn as the "heavenly rad" fr its amazing views.
全国卷语法填空对非谓语动词作定语的考查频次很高。
1.某些抽象名词后一般会用不定式作后置定语；
2.普通名词后常用分词作定语，根据动词与被修饰词之间是逻辑上的主谓或者动宾关系来判断用动词的现在分词还是过去分词；
3.单个分词作定语时常前置，分词短语和不定式（短语）作定语时常后置。
1.[2023北京，19&20]She called fr actin t address （address） the struggles f peple arund the wrld facing （face） "t little water r t dirty water". Her effrts have encuraged thers t take part by running thrugh a glbal campaign called "Run Blue".
2.[2023浙江1月，58]In the Ming Dynasty， the center was the Frbidden City， surrunded （surrund） in cncentric（同心的） circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
3.[2022全国乙，66]It can help t build a cmmunity with a shared （share） future fr mankind...
4.[2022北京，12]Fearful that he might have an intentin t harm （harm） her， Helen started t run.
5.[2022北京，14]One thery， increasingly supprted （supprt） by experts， suggests that smell preferences are learned.
6.[2021北京，18]There has been a dramatic rise in the number f extreme weather events ver the past 20 years， caused （cause） largely by rising glbal temperatures， accrding t a new reprt frm the United Natins.
7.[2021北京，20]The findings shw a critical need t invest （invest） in disaster prevent.
8.[2021浙江1月，62]The researchers described "striking changes" in the gegraphy f BMI. In 1985， urban men and wmen in mre than three quarters f the cuntries studied （study） had higher BMIs than men and wmen in rural areas.
9.[2021浙江1月，64]This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple living （live） in the cuntryside， including lwer levels f incme and educatin， higher csts f healthy fds， and fewer sprts facilities.
10.[2020全国Ⅱ卷， 63]They represent the earth cming （cme） back t life and best wishes fr new beginnings.
11.[2020浙江， 60]Agriculture gave peple their first experience f the pwer f technlgy t change （change） lives.
12.[全国Ⅱ，68]We dn’t have any idea wh put grandma frward. When we gt a call saying （say） she was shrt-listed， we thught it was a jke.
考向3 非谓语动词作状语 [全国卷5年15考]
10.[2023 全国甲，61]Fr thusands f years， peple have tld fables（寓言） t teach （teach） a lessn r t pass n wisdm.
11.[2022新高考Ⅰ，56] Cvering （cver） an area abut three times the size f Yellwstne Natinal Park， the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.
12.[2022全国乙，68&69] T strengthen （strengthen） the cnnectin with yung peple， the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media， inviting （invite） twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
13.[2021北京，19]Frm 2000 t 2019， there were 7，348 majr natural disasters arund the wrld， resulting （result） in USD 2，970 billin in ecnmic lss.
全国卷语法填空对于非谓语动词作状语的考查主要涉及：
1.不定式作目的状语；
2.现在分词作伴随状语。
但地方卷中也有考查过去分词作状语以及不定式和现在分词作其他状语的情况，考生要熟练掌握。
1.[2023 全国甲，65]"There was nce a twn in the heart f America where all life seemed t enjy peaceful c-existence with its surrundings，" her fable begins， brrwing （brrw） sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
2.[2022全国甲，70]He flew 4，700 kilmeters frm Xi’an t Kashgar n Sept. 20， planning （plan） t hike back t Xi’an in five mnths.
3.[2021新高考Ⅱ， 57]I was upset t learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage， thinking （think） it is fd.
4.[2021新高考Ⅱ， 58]I decided t d smething t educate （educate） peple abut this prblem.
5.[2021浙江，63]Mary’s sister， Frances Tdd Wallace， ften came ver t plant （plant） flwers in the frnt yard.
6.[2020全国Ⅰ， 66]Chinese researchers hpe t use the instruments nbard Chang’e-4 t find （find） and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.
7.[2020全国Ⅱ， 68]They are easy t care （care） fr and make great presents.
8.[2020全国Ⅲ， 67]The next mrning he hired a bat and set ut t find （find） the well-knwn painter.
9.[2020天津5月，13]The lcal gvernment desn’t have t sacrifice envirnmental prtectin t prmte （prmte） ecnmic grwth.
10.[江苏高考，30] T enjy （enjy） the cnvenience f digital payment， many senir citizens started t use smart phnes.
考向4 非谓语动词作补语[全国卷5年4考]
14.[2023新高考Ⅰ，65]N matter where I buy them， thugh， ne steamer basket is rarely enugh， yet tw seems greedy， and s I am always left wanting （want） mre next time.
15.[2020全国Ⅱ，65]They（Orange trees） make great gifts and yu see them many times decrated （decrate） with red envelpes and messages f gd frtune.
16.[江苏高考，32]China’s image is imprving steadily， with mre cuntries recgnizing （recgnize） its rle in internatinal affairs.
全国卷对非谓语动词作补语的考查主要是分词作补语，常在以下几个结构中设题：
1.with 复合结构（如左第16题）；
2.感官动词＋宾语＋宾补（如左第15题）；
3.have/keep/make/leave＋宾语＋宾补（如左第14题为该结构的被动形式，空处作主补）。
考点一 非谓语动词作主语和宾语
一、v-ing作主语
1.v-ing在句首作主语，谓语动词常用单数。
Cllecting （cllect） stamps is a ppular hbby， especially amng senirs.
2.it作形式主语，v-ing（短语）作真正的主语：
It is n use/gd ding sth.It is useless ding sth.It is a waste sth.
It’s n use just cmplaining （cmplain） withut taking actin.
二、v-ing作宾语
1.介词后用v-ing作宾语。
[2021全国甲，64]After spending （spend） sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall， we decided it was time fr sme actin...
2.通常接v-ing作宾语的动词（短语）：admit， avid， cnsider， escape， finish， enjy， risk， keep， imagine， mind， miss， practise， suggest， feel like， put ff， lk frward t， insist n等。
Yung peple may risk ging （g） deaf if they are expsed t very lud music every day.
Nancy desn’t feel like studying （study） abrad. Her parents are ld.
三、不定式作主语
1.不定式在句首作主语，谓语动词常用单数。
T get up early is necessary. 早起是必要的。
2.it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语：
It is ＋adj.(＋ f/fr sb.)＋t d sth.It takes/tk sb. sme time t d sth.
[2020新高考Ⅱ， 56]These days， it is nt unusual fr 10- t 12-year-lds t publish their wn websites r fr secnd and third graders t begin （begin） cmputer classes.
[全国Ⅲ，62]On ur way t the huse， it was raining s hard that we culdn’t help wndering hw lng it wuld take t get （get） there.
四、 不定式作宾语
1.通常接不定式作宾语的动词：expect， hpe， wish， desire， want， prmise， pretend， arrange， refuse， decline， prepare， plan， intend， fail， attempt， ffer， hesitate， manage， ask， demand， chse， agree， affrd， vlunteer， determine， decide， learn， aim等。
[2021全国乙，70]Activities there range frm whale watching t hiking（远足） and accmmdatins aim t have （have） a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
2.通常用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语用不定式的句式：find/feel/make/think/believe/cnsider it＋n./adj.＋t d sth.
The by makes it a rule t visit （visit） the museum twice a mnth.
五、"特殊疑问词＋不定式"结构
"特殊疑问词＋不定式"结构在句中可作主语、宾语和表语。
Hw t clean the mess in such a shrt time trubles them a lt.如何在这么短的时间内收拾这一片狼藉让他们苦恼不已。
I had a cld and culdn’t decide whether t g t wrk r nt. 我感冒了，拿不定主意是否要去上班。
Chsing what t eat is n lnger as easy as it nce was. 选择吃什么，已经不像以前那么简单了。
六、既可跟v-ing，又可跟不定式作宾语的动词（短语）
remember ding sth. 记得做过某事remember t d sth. 记得去做某事
frget ding sth. 忘了曾做过某事frget t d sth. 忘记要做某事
regret ding sth. 对已做过的事表示后悔regret t d sth. 对现在要做的事表示遗憾
mean ding sth. 意味着做某事mean t d sth. 打算做某事
can’t help ding sth. 情不自禁地做某事can’t help（t) d sth. 不能帮助做某事
try ding sth. 试着做某事try t d sth. 尽量、努力去做某事
I remembered lcking （lck） the dr befre I left the ffice， but frgt t clse （clse） the windws.
1.It’s n gd helping （help） him. He desn’t help himself.
2.—Oh dear， I frgt t register （register） fr the curses.I’m ne day late and mst f them are full. What shall I d？
—Yu can’t d anything abut that.
3.—Have yu made up yur mind t give up the chance t g t France？
—N. I’m still practising speaking （speak） French.
4.The bridge links three areas， making it much mre cnvenient t travel （travel） frm ne t anther.
5.Afraid f being attacked （attack） by sharks， peple dare nt g swimming in the sea.
6.Althugh sme peple pretend t be （be） yung， their gray hair gives them away.
7.It is hard t reserve （reserve） a table at this new restaurant as it is crwded with custmers every day.
8.Spending t much time nline is unhealthy and makes it very difficult t fcus （fcus） n ther things in life.
9.Ninety percent f teachers agree that invlving （invlve） parents in their children’s educatin is imprtant fr children’s grwth.
10.The brthers differed n their idea f where t spend （spend） their vacatin.
考点二 非谓语动词作定语
一、 不定式作定语
1.表示将来的动作。
I can’t g ut with yu tmrrw. I have a lt f hmewrk t d （d）.
2.用于序数词、形容词最高级以及the last， the nly， the next等后或被这些词修饰的名词/代词后。
Wang Yaping is the first Chinese wman t perfrm （perfrm） a spacewalk.
3.用于表示抽象意义的名词后。常见的这类名词有：plan， ability， chance， effrt， reasn， wish， ambitin， excuse， prmise， attempt， way等。
[全国Ⅱ，65]Picking up her "Lifetime Achievement" award， prud Irene declared she had n plans t retire （retire） frm her 36-year-ld business.
The ability t express （express） an idea is as imprtant as the idea itself.
二、分词作定语
[2022全国甲，63]Inspired by the Belt and Rad Frum fr Internatinal Cperatin held （hld） in Beijing， Ca decided t cver the rute by hiking as a tribute（致敬） t the ancient Silk Rad.
[2021新高考Ⅰ，63]Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain， still it highlights the whle adventure and ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur aching （ache） legs.
1.Each f us has a rle t play （play） in making the earth a better place t live in.
2.Travelling t the cld， dark， and remte Arctic Circle in midwinter can be fascinating especially fr thse lking （lk） fr ttally different experiences.
3.The cmpany made （make） up f mre than thirty branches all ver the cuntry is facing a serius financial crisis.
4.The stadium being built （build） will be put int use in six mnths.
5.The play t be put （put） n next mnth aims mainly t reflect the lcal culture.
根据句意，戏剧是在下个月上演，所以空处要用不定式作后置定语修饰名词"play"，表示动作还未完成。
6.The ld pht taken （take） 20 years ag always reminds me f the ld happy memries.
7.Recnstructin might be the nly way t knw （knw） what treasures lked like befre time wre them dwn.
8.A glbal cncert featuring （feature） many internatinal musicians was held n April 18 in supprt f health wrkers.
9.A wide range f treasures displayed （display） n the last exhibitin have been digitized and sld nline.
10.I am greatly hnred t have the chance t visit （visit） yur great cuntry and meet s many f its peple.
考点三 非谓语动词作状语
非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常要与句子的主语保持一致。
一、不定式作状语
1.不定式作目的状语，也可用in rder t 或 s as t。
[2022新高考Ⅱ，59]He pushed a chair nt the balcny， and climbed up t see （see） them.
2.不定式与情感类形容词连用时，作原因状语。此类形容词有：happy， surprised， frightened， shcked， glad， delighted， disappinted等。
Visitrs t this state were clearly shcked t see （see） s many families living in want.
3.不定式作结果状语，常用于nly t d， enugh t d， d， t d等结构中。
I was t nervus t breathe （breathe） the first time I learnt t drive.
二、分词作状语
分词作状语可以表示时间、伴随、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式等。
1.非谓语动词与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，用现在分词作状语。
Walking （walk） in the fields n a March afternn， he culd feel the warmth f spring.
Sme f the refrigeratrs are mre efficient， cnsuming （cnsume） 70 percent less electricity than traditinal mdels.
2.非谓语动词与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，用过去分词作状语。
Sn after Steve arrived， he was arranged in the frnt rw by the rganizer f the meeting， surrunded （surrund） by his family.
注意 某些动词的过去分词既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而是表示一种状态，如：lst，lcated，seated，hidden，absrbed，dressed，tired，excited等。
Lcated in the center f the twn， the shpping mall is crwded with hundreds f custmers every day. 这家购物中心位于市中心，每天都挤满了成百上千名顾客。
三、独立成分作状语
独立成分作状语，其形式不受上下文的影响。常用的有：t be hnest， t tell the truth， cnsidering， generally speaking， speaking f， judging by/frm， prvided that， given（考虑到）等。
The ld man lked up twards the mn and， judging （judge） frm his facial expressin， seemed t be thinking f his family.
Given （give） the sheer number f stars that exist， it’s a mathematical certainty that there is life n ther planets.
四、独立主格结构
独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。该结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随等。
名词/代词（主格）＋非谓语动词名词/代词（主格）＋名词/形容词/副词/介词短语
The mn rse elegantly frm the valley， the whle muntain bathing （bathe） itself in mysterius mnlight.
He was listening attentively in class，his eyes fixed （fix） n the blackbard.
1.—Hw abut his design？
—Well， t tell （tell） the truth， it is anything but satisfactry.
2.Nt knwing （knw） where t start their sightseeing in China， they went t the Turist Infrmatin Centre.
3. Addicted （addict） t surfing the Internet，many kids have lst interest in study.
4.Large quantities f plastic have been fund in the sea， greatly threatening （threaten） marine life.
5.Bear it in mind： Never feel ashamed t ask （ask） and learn frm thers.
6.Parents and children shuld cmmunicate mre t understand （understand） each ther better.
7. T be admitted （admit） int a university in the UK， we must prve urselves t have a strng ability in spken and written English.
8. Cmpared （cmpare） with traditinal ways t pay， e-payment is mre cnvenient.
9.Winter cming （cme）， it gets clder and clder.
10.Smetimes， a small act f kindness may be pwerful enugh t make （make） a huge difference.
考点四 非谓语动词作补语
一、非谓语动词作补语的结构
1.感觉/感官类动词（短语）＋宾语＋宾补
此类动词有：see， ntice， watch， lk at， hear， listen t， feel等。以see为例：
sth. 看见……做了某事 sth. 看见……正在做某事 看见……被……
I lked up and nticed a spider wrking （wrk） n a web utside the windw.
注意 "感官动词＋宾语＋宾补"结构中，若宾补是不带t的不定式，在变为被动语态时需加t。
The thief was bserved t enter the bank. 有人看见小偷进了银行。
2.表示"使，让"的动词make/have/keep/leave/get＋宾语＋宾补
注意 have sb. d sth. 让某人做某事
have sth. t d 有某事要做（t d作后置定语）
Jane gets her car checked （check） every three mnths.
As a traffic pliceman， he always wrked hard t keep the traffic running （run） smthly even n festivals.
3.with复合结构
with＋宾语＋t d（表将来）with＋宾语＋ding（表主动，动作正在进行或状态）with＋宾语＋dne（表被动）
The ld cuple ften take a walk in the park after supper， with their pet dg fllwing （fllw） them.
二、不定式在动词（短语）后作补语
1.常接不定式作宾补的动词（短语）有：advise， allw， ask， beg， cause， encurage， expect， frce， invite， persuade， require， remind， tell， want， call n（呼吁）， depend n等。
If we expect peple t give （give） up the habit f driving， we must give them an alternative they can rely n.
2.在"Sb. be said/believed/cnsidered/reprted/thught/...＋t d/t have dne..."句型中，常用不定式作主补。
The time he has devted in the past years t helping the disabled is nw cnsidered t be （be） f great value.
1.We all felt very prud as we saw ur natinal flag rising （rise） in the Olympic Games n TV.
2.Ensure that yu get yur battery charged （charge） befre yu set ff frm yur ffice.
3.In the ancient Greek Olympic Games， nly athletic men were allwed t take （take） part in them.
4.They drve alng with the car windws wund （wind） up all the way.
wind up意为"摇上车窗"，空处与被修饰词windws为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用wind的过去分词wund。
5.Unfrtunately， I had my watch stlen （steal） last night.
6.The gvernment will frce cmpanies t adpt （adpt） any pssible measures t reduce air pllutin.
7.Passengers are permitted t carry （carry） nly ne piece f hand luggage nt the plane.
8.When I put my hand n his chest， I culd feel his heart still beating （beat） faintly.
一、单句语法填空
1.[2024浙江金华检测]If yu want t sign （sign） up fr the advanced curse， yu must cntact yur teacher in advance.
2.[2024重庆巴蜀中学检测]This cmpany was the first t prduce （prduce） prtable cmputers as well as visual telephnes at that time.
3.[2024广东广州质检]China’s image is imprving steadily， with mre cuntries recgnizing （recgnize） its rle in internatinal affairs.
4.[2024陕西渭南月考]The ancient twn is s peaceful that it is wrth visiting （visit） a secnd time.
5. Knwn （knw） as a desert guardian， a fully grwn saxaul tree can hld land.
6.Cnsumptin f fried fds and thse cntaining （cntain） lts f sugar is strngly linked t depressin， even when age， educatin and incme are taken int accunt.
7.China’s capital city Beijing will make great effrts in prmting （prmte） Peking Opera in schls t the yunger generatin.
8.Nw， the latest study has fund that nt nly d such high-fat， high-sugar diets impair memry in humans， but they appear t directly affect ur ability t cntrl （cntrl） ur appetite.
9. Richard lves Chinese kung fu and is ften seen t practice （practice） n the playgrund.
10.When it cmes t natinal parks， peple ften link them with thse famus landmarks recmmended （recmmend） in travel guides.
11.[2024上海大同中学开学考]Sme strange diseases have arisen in sme places because f air pllutin， and dctrs have n idea hw t deal （deal） with them.
12.[2024天津河北区统考]We shuld imprve ur ability t engage in internatinal cmmunicatin t tell the stries f China well and make the vice f China heard （hear） glbally.
13.[2024河南商丘段考]In the past， the authrities suggested drinking biled （bil） water t prevent infectius diseases， because it was generally cnsidered a way t kill （kill） ff bacteria.
14. Cnvinced （cnvince） that the Belt and Rad Initiative will benefit China’s ecnmy， we are ptimistic abut the future f ur cuntry.
15.Lts f warnings given （give） by the cmputer prgrammes save many lives.
16.She was partly t blame （blame） fr failing t lk when she crssed the street.
【点拨】 sb. be t blame某人应受责备。
17. As we get lder， we start t want mre privacy， but this can lead t parents feeling （feel） like they are left ut f ur wrld.
【点拨】 lead t sb. ding sth.致使某人做某事。
18. Judging （judge） frm the abve stry， we can draw the cnclusin that we can’t judge a man by his lks.
19. Encuraged （encurage）， an increasing number f yung peple are chsing t stay （stay） in their hmetwns and safeguard the tea frests left by their ancestrs.
20.Thugh adding （add） innvative ideas t ur traditinal culture can attract mre yung peple， it is als imprtant t pass （pass） dwn traditins in their riginal frms.
21.[2024河南郑州外国语学校期末]There being （be） n time left， we have t get dwn t marking （mark） the papers right away.
【点拨】 独立主格；get dwn t ding sth.开始着手做某事。
22.[2024天津西青区期末]Yu need t get them t understand （understand） that yu want t see the plan carried （carry） ut next mnth.
【点拨】 get sb. t d sth. 使某人做某事。
23.[2024山东烟台期中] Having finished （finish） the learning f quilling in 2016 frm a master f the art， Sha Lujie began t devte himself entirely t the craft. Later， by imitating the wrks f his instructrs， he learned hw t integrate （integrate） new methds int his wn wrks.
【点拨】 先于began t devte...发生。
24.[2024浙江三市联考]The British Museum has been under pressure after arund 2，000 items were reprted "missing， stlen （steal） r damaged" tw weeks ag， leading （lead） t accusatins that it was failing t fulfil its duty f care.
25. If yu are ver-anxius abut remembering （remember） smething， yu will frget it. Relaxing will enhance yur awareness and ability t cncentrate （cncentrate）.
【点拨】 动词不定式作后置定语。
26. Cmpared （cmpare） with famus spts and big crwds， the new trend f city walk has emerged amng the yungsters. A city walk means explring （explre） busy markets， ancient streets， and charming alleys at an unhurried pace.
27.The cmpass is a simple instrument made （make） up f a magnetic needle that can be turned flexibly and a dial indicating （indicate） the directin f the earth’s magnetic field.
28. Of the 7，000 languages spken （speak） tday， arund 40 percent are in danger f extinctin. T save （save） these languages， activists frm arund the wrld are rganised in varius ways.
二、语篇语法填空
[2024山东潍坊统考]A black slate（石板）， an ally steel needle and decades f practice are 1 Li Yahua needs t create the perfect Huihe stne shadw carving wrk f art. With her left hand 2 （gentle） leaning against the mirrr-like stne t supprt the heavy chisel（凿子） she’s hlding in her right hand， the artist creates a black-and-white landscape by intensively chiseling dts in varius sizes and density n the stne.
3 （difference） frm traditinal Chinese art types that emphasize the beauty f lines， stne shadw carving highlights the size and 4 （deep） f dts. "We use an ally steel needle t chisel white dts t create images n a plished and smth black slate，" Li explained， adding the pressure 5 （use） t chisel them was the key t getting the carving right.
"On an A4-paper-size black slate， we need t chisel abut 100 millin dts 6 （create） an image，" she cntinued， adding it wuld take 7 t 20 days t cmplete the wrk depending n its level f cmplexity.
Brn int a family f stne carvers， stnes and ally steel needles 7 （be） Li’s best friends since childhd and the sund f chisels 8 （knck） n the slates is the sundtrack t her life. 9 56-year-ld has devted nearly 40 years t the craft. Fr her， shadw carving is abut preserving histry， culture and art， 10 recrding the stries f the times.
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了艺术家李雅华用石板和合金钢针刻画石雕的过程。
1.what 表语从句。句意：一块黑石板，一根合金钢针，几十年的练习，是李雅华创作出一件完美的惠和影雕艺术作品所需要的东西。空处引导表语从句，在从句中作needs的宾语，意为"……的东西"，用连接代词what。故填what。
2.gently 副词。句意：左手轻轻地靠在镜子般的石头上，支撑着右手拿着的沉凿，这位艺术家通过在石头上密集地凿出各种大小和密度的点，创造出一幅黑白景观。副词gently作状语，修饰动词短语leaning against。故填gently。
3.Different 形容词。句意：与强调线条美的中国传统艺术类型不同，石影雕刻突出了点的大小和深度。be different frm"与……不同"，是固定搭配。此处用形容词短语作状语。故填Different。
4.depth 名词。"the size and 4 （deep） f dts"是名词所有格结构，空处与size并列，应填名词depth。故填depth。
5.used 非谓语动词。句意：她补充说，凿出白点所用的力是雕刻正确的关键。use和其逻辑主语the pressure是被动关系，故用过去分词形式作后置定语，修饰the pressure。故填used。
6.t create 非谓语动词。句意："在A4纸大小的黑色石板上，我们需要凿出大约1亿个点来创造一幅图像。"她继续说道，并补充说，根据其复杂程度，完成这项工作需要7到20天。此处用不定式作目的状语。故填t create。
7.have been 时态。句意：出生在一个石雕世家的李雅华，从小就与石头和合金钢针为友，凿子敲击石板的声音是她生活的配乐。由since childhd可知，空处应用现在完成时；主语stnes and ally steel needles是复数。故填have been。
8.kncking 非谓语动词。此处是v-ing的复合结构，作f的宾语。故填kncking。
9.The 冠词。句意：56岁的李雅华已经为这项工艺奉献了近40年的时间。特指"56岁的李雅华"，用定冠词the，句首首字母要大写。故填The。
10.and 并列连词。句意：对她来说，影雕就是保存历史、文化、艺术，记录时代故事。preserving histry， culture and art和recrding the stries f the times是并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
三、写作运用
假定你是你校英语报"Crss-cultural Cmmunicatin"栏目的负责人。请你写一则通知，呼吁全校学生向该专栏投稿，内容包括：
1.栏目简介；2.稿件要求；3.投稿方式和截止日期。
NOTICE
1 T enrich the clumn "Crss-cultural Cmmunicatin" in ur schl’s English newspaper （为了丰富我校英语报的"Crss-cultural Cmmunicatin"栏目）， I’d like t welcme yu t write articles fr us. The "Crss-cultural Cmmunicatin" sectin， 2 intrducing rich and clrful cultures and related stries arund the wrld （介绍世界各地丰富多彩的文化和相关故事）， is very ppular amng us students. It carries 3 articles written by freign friends abut the cultures f their hme cuntries （外国朋友写的关于他们本国文化的文章）. This time， we hpe yu culd write abut different ways f crss-cultural cmmunicatin and yur pinins f varius cultures. Yur article shuld be n less than 400 wrds and yu are expected 4 t email the article （通过电子邮件发送文章） t culture@163.cm befre Nvember 28.
The English Newspaper
卷别
主语&宾语
定语
状语
补语&表语
2023
新Ⅰ
57.t bite
61.t be lifted
59.recgnized
65.wanting （主补）
新Ⅱ
60.visiting
甲
66.intended
61.t teach（目的）
65.brrwing（伴随）
乙
68.recrding
62.built
66.Having visited
2022
新Ⅰ
56.Cvering（伴随）
59.t increase（目的）
新Ⅱ
56.falling
59.t see（目的）
甲
61.t jurney
63.held
70.planning（伴随）
乙
66.shared
68.T strengthen（目的）
69.inviting（伴随）
浙江
57.t d（宾补）
2021
新Ⅰ
63.aching
新Ⅱ
57.thinking（伴随）
58.t educate（目的）
甲
63.t walk
（it作形式主语）
64.spending
乙
67.visiting
70.t have
浙江
63.t plant（目的）
2020
新Ⅰ
63.walking（宾补）
新Ⅱ
56.t begin
（it作形式主语）
Ⅰ
66.t find（目的）
Ⅱ
63.cming
68.t care
65.decrated（宾补）
Ⅲ
67.t find
69.surrunding（宾补）
浙江
60.t change
63.making（伴随）
2019
Ⅰ
67.nting
64.t perfrm
Ⅱ
61.being
65.t retire
68.saying
Ⅲ
62.t get
（it作形式主语）
70.listening（伴随）
浙江
63.t wear
形式
用法
ding
被修饰词与d是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示动作正在进行、与谓语动作基本同时发生或当下的状态。
being dne
d与被修饰词是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动动作正在进行。
dne
d与被修饰词是逻辑上的动宾关系，多表示动作已完成。
t d
v-ing
v-ed
make＋宾语
d
×
√
have＋宾语
d
√
√
keep＋宾语
×
√
√
leave＋宾语
√
√
√
get＋宾语
√
√
√