广东省惠州市惠阳区丰湖高级中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题

这是一份广东省惠州市惠阳区丰湖高级中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题，文件包含_广东省惠州市惠阳区丰湖高级中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题worddocx、英语答案pdf等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共8页， 欢迎下载使用。
(满分150分， 考试用时120分钟)
注意事项：
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息填写在答题卡指定的位置上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，
先用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在试卷 上无效.
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分60分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题3分,满分45分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Here are the intrductins and achievements f fur scientists.
Jöns Jacb Berzelius
Jöns Jacb Berzelius was a Swedish chemist, ften referred t as ne f the funders f mdern chemistry. He develped a system f chemical symbls, which laid the fundatin fr the establishment f the mdern peridic table. Berzelius als made imprtant discveries in the field f electrchemistry.
Niels Henrik David Bhr
Niels Henrik David Bhr was a Danish physicist. He prpsed the atmic (原子
的) mdel knwn as the Bhr mdel, which explained the behavir f electrns mving in fixed energy levels r rbits arund the atmic nucleus. His mdel helped explain the spectra f elements and laid the grundwrk fr further develpments in atmic physics.
Rbert Byle
Rbert Byle, brn in Ireland, was regarded as ne f the funders f mdern chemistry, knwn fr Byle’s law. Byle’s law describes the relatinship between the pressure and vlume (体积) f a gas at cnstant temperature. Byle’s wrk laid the fundatin fr the mdern understanding f gas behavir and prmted the develpment f scientific experimental methds.
William Lawrence Bragg
William Lawrence Bragg was a British physicist brn in Australia wh made significant cntributins t X-ray crystallgraphy (晶体学). Tgether with his father William Henry Bragg, he develped the famus Bragg’s law. This discvery revlutinized the field f crystallgraphy and paved the way fr determining the atmic and mlecular structures f varius substances, including DNA and prteins.
1．What d we say abut Jöns Jacb Berzelius?
A．He invented a new chemical substance.
B．He established the mdern peridic table.
C．He was referred t as a funder f mdern physics.
D．He made imprtant achievements in the field f electrchemistry.
2．Wh was brn in Ireland?
A．Rbert Byle. B．Niels Henrik David Bhr.
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C．Jns Jacb Berzelius. D．William Lawrence Bragg.
3．What d Niels Henrik David Bhr and William Lawrence Bragg have in cmmn?
A．They were brn in Denmark.
B．They made a cntributin t physics.
C．They discvered new mdels fr chemistry.
D．They did research tgether with their family.
B
Jhn vn Neumann was the ldest f 3 children f a banker, and his speed f learning new ideas and slving prblems std ut early. At 17, his father tried t persuade him nt t becme a mathematician because he might lead a pr life being a mathematician, and he and his father reached an agreement, and vn Neumann went t study chemistry. In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D．in mathematics. Frm then n, mathematics prvided well enugh fr him, and
he never had t turn t chemistry.
In 1930, vn Neumann visited Princetn University fr a year and then became a prfessr there. His first bk was published in 1932. In 1930, the Institute fr Advanced Study was frmed, and in 1933 he became ne f the 6 full-time prfessrs in the Schl f Mathematics (Einstein was ne f the thers).
Wrld War Ⅱ(1931 — 1945) hugely changed vn Neumann’s areas f interest.
Until 1940 he had been a great pure mathematician. After 1940, he became ne f the best mathematicians wh put mathematical theries int practice. During the last part f the war he became interested in machines and made several fundamental cmputing cntributins. After the war, vn Neumann cntinued his wrk with cmputers, and was generally very active in gvernment service. He received many
awards, was president f the American Mathematical Sciety and was a member f
the Atmic Energy Cmmissin. He died f cancer in 1957.
Vn Neumann made several great cntributins and any ne f them wuld have been enugh t earn him a firm place in histry. He is remembered as ne f the greatest minds f the 20th century.
Vn Neumann really is a legend in his wn time, and there are a number f
stries abut him. His driving ability is a part f his legend. He reprted ne accident this way: “I was driving dwn the rad. The trees n the right were passing me in an rderly fashin at 60 miles per hur. Suddenly ne f them stepped in my path.”
4．What did vn Neumann’s father believe accrding t the text?
A．A mathematician needed a gd memry.
B．A mathematician culdn’t earn a lt f mney.
C．Vn Neumann had the ability t learn tw subjects at the same time.
D．Vn Neumann had the gift fr slving prblems at a high speed.
5．When did vn Neumann publish his first bk?
A．At the age f 25. B．At the age f 26.
C．At the age f 29. D．At the age f 32.
6．What des the underlined wrd “firm” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A．Weak. B．Small. C．Famus. D．Strng.
7．Which f the fllwing can best describe Jhn vn Neumann accrding t the last paragraph?
A．Calm. B．Brave. C．Humrus. D．Intelligent.
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C
There are plenty f health benefits f spending time in the great utdrs.
Accrding t a study published in the Internatinal Jurnal f Envirnmental Health Research, peple wh grew up with access t nature may have better mental health as adults than thse wh did nt.
T test their hypthesis (假设), researchers sent questinnaires t 3, 585 adults
aged 18 t 75 in fur Eurpean cities n tpics such as hw ften they visited natural spaces as children and nw as adults. Participants were als given psychlgical test t determine the state f their mental health in the last mnth. Adults with lw levels f nature expsure during childhd saw “significantly wrse” mental health issues and did nt view natural spaces as much imprtance in adulthd as thse wh spent mre time grwing up utside.
Researchers say that their findings shw the imprtance f childhd expsure t
natural spaces as it relates t develping an appreciatin f nature and healthy psychlgical state in adulthd.
This is particularly significant, because almst three-quarters f Eurpeans
currently live in urban areas with little access t green spaces. That number is expected t increase t 80 percent in the next three decades. Mental health has been shwn t be negatively influenced by urban envirnments due t expsure t nise, crwds and a lack f green spaces amng ther things. Children wh lead inactive lifestyles are mre likely t have a lwer quality f life and physical health.
“Many children in Eurpe lead an indr lifestyle, s it wuld be desirable t
make natural utdr envirnments available, attractive and safe fr them t play in,” said study authr Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, directr f ISGlbal’s Urban Planning, Envirnment and Health Initiative. “We make a call n plicymakers t imprve the availability f natural spaces fr children and green schlyards.”
8．What inspiratin d researchers take frm their findings ?
A．The health f children’s psychlgy.
B．The state f children’s mental health.
C．The develpment f nature appreciatin.
D．The imprtance f childhd expsure t nature.
9．What can we infer frm Paragraph 4 ?
A．Eurpeans lack access t natural spaces.
B．Eurpeans prefer an inactive lifestyle.
C．Eurpean Children are in gd physical health.
D．Eurpean Children prbably suffer lwer quality f life.
10．What in the future is the study mst likely t influence accrding t the last paragraph?
A．Urban planning. B．Ecnmic plicies.
C．Child educatin. D．Lcal turism.
11．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．Indr Activities Are Gd fr Children’s Grwth
B．Living in Urban Areas Harms Psychlgical Health
C．Childhd Expsure t Nature Benefits Mental Health
D．An Inactive Lifestyle Means a Lwer Quality f Life
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D
Rbts did nt write this sentence, r any ther part f Nature. But that culd
change. Dramatic shifts in labr are reshaping sciety, the envirnment and the
plitical landscape. Cnsider this disrienting estimate frm the Wrld Ecnmic Frum: 65% f the children entering primary schls nw will grw up t wrk in
jbs that d nt yet exist. This week, Nature asks, “What light is research shedding n
the future f wrk, and hw will the changes affect scientists’ wrking wrld?”
A news feature explres which jbs are mst at risk f being replaced by
artificial intelligence and machine learning, whether a gig ecnmy（零工经济）will
demcratize(普及) wrk, and what prgrams will best prepare wrkers. “There's a huge need and a huge pprtunity t study the changes,” says ecnmist Erik
Brynjlfssn. And the scientific wrkfrce is feeling these shifts. A career feature
reprts peple ding research utside the traditinal career path. “I lve freedm,”
says Cecile Menard, an independent land-surface mdeller in Edinburgh, the UK, “but fr ther peple, it may be t stressful.”
Imprtant lessns can be drawn frm the past. Ecnmic histrian Rbert Allen
synthesizes (综合) three centuries f data t see when and where the relatinship
between wages and prductivity is mst like tday’s and finds that sme regins are in uncharted (未标注的) waters. These changes call fr new sci-ecnmic mdels and a revlutin in educatin, cncludes histrian Yuval Nah Harari. And ecnmist
Ian Gldin argues that ur era has mre parallels with the Renaissance than the
Industrial Revlutin, This time, he urges, knwledge and enquiry must find a way t cnquer prejudice and ignrance.
12．Accrding t the estimate f the Wrld Ecnmic Frum, _______.
A．65% f the children will find new jbs
B．sme new jbs will appear in the future
C．rbts will replace humans in the future
D．future jbs will remain the same as the present nes
13．What’s Cecile Menard’s attitude t the changes in future wrk?
A．Negative. B．Dubtful.
C．Psitive. D．Indifferent.
14．Hw des the authr rganize the last paragraph?
A．By making cmparisn.
B．By ffering sme examples.
C．By listing sme imprtant data.
D．By analyzing the cause and effect.
15．Which is the best title fr the passage?
A．Hw t Wrk Well B．The Past f Wrk
C．The Benefit f Wrk D．The Future f Wrk
第二节 (共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项
中有两项为多余选项。
Characteristics f an excellent scientist
The dictinary defines a scientist as a persn having prfessinal knwledge n
ne r mre sciences, especially natural science r physical science. It als defines a
scientist as smene wh uses scientific methds. 16
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Curisity.
17 Scientists such as Thmas Edisn and Gerge Westinghuse
discvered things mainly because they wanted t knw hw things wrk. Withut a drive t ask questins r even wnder, a scientist will never get t the first stage f the scientific prcess.
Patience.
Becming a scientist takes a lng time. There are very few jbs that take lnger
than this ne. 18 If yu’re an instant-gratificatin type f persn, this may
nt be the best chice fr yu.
Ethical (道德的) qualities.
In rder t truly discver and use knwledge fr the greater gd, a scientist must have a desire t imprve peple’s life as well as the envirnment, since they are
linked and they can affect ne anther in the lng run. 19 Sticking t an
ld belief cntradicted with evidence is dishnest. Hwever, that belief shuldn’t be changed withut pwerful evidence.
20
An excellent scientist even takes ntes f the smallest bservatin and keeps it in mind. He / She can wrk well alne r in grups depending n what’s needed, and he
/ she als needs t cmmunicate thughts n paper and verbally. Netwrking cnnects
him / her with clleagues wrking n similar prjects where he / she may discver smething new.
A．Wrking time.
B．Wrking habits.
C．An excellent scientist must be very curius abut things.
D．Let’s lk at sme characteristics f an excellent scientist.
E．One f the main places that many scientists wrk in is the research labratry.
F．A scientist must reprt findings hnestly regardless f persnal interests r public pinin.
G．Yu still have much scientific research t d even if yu received educatin n
science.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分70分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最
佳选项。
Dennis Hng designs and makes human-like rbts. Rbts, Hng ntes, are
intelligent machines that d the wrk humans are ften unable r 21 t d.
When he was seven years ld, he was 22 by tw rbts in a mvie. On
the way back hme in the car, he tld his parents that he was ging t becme a(n)
23 . As Hng became lder, he started t 24 what engineering actually
is. When he was in elementary schl, he 25 math. He gt all A’s in
science, but his math result was really 26 . His father tld him that engineers
slve prblems in the wrld by using science as a 27 and mathematics as a
language. Even thugh he disliked math, he realized that he had t study it harder t
fllw his 28 f becming an engineer.
Hng thinks 29 cme frm everywhere and at any time. His
three-legged rbt STriDER is a fantastic 30 . Once, he saw an elderly lady
dealing with her 31 . She had three strands (股) f it, and then put ne
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strand thrugh the ther tw. 32 , the hair started t lk like legs fr Hng.
He 33 designing STriDER after braided hair.
Hng said that peple n scial media are eager t see his successes, nt the
34 that came befre them. Hwever, if the rbt desn’t fall r 35 , he
desn’t get t learn anything.
21．A．unwilling B．unlucky C．cnfident D．free
22．A．prtected B．impressed C．cmfrted D．supprted
23．A．engineer B．astrnaut C．hairdresser D．teacher
24．A．change B．dubt C．remember D．learn
25．A．enjyed B．understd C．ignred D．chse
26．A．familiar B．perfect C．unsatisfactry D．irregular
27．A．secret B．tl C．belief D．gal
28．A．dream B．rder C．questin D．recmmendatin
29．A．truths B．respnsibilities C．principles D．ideas
30．A．image B．sign C．example D．wish
31．A．rpe B．clth C．sweater D．hair
32．A．Abslutely B．Suddenly C．Originally D．Exactly
33．A．gave up B．ended up C．kept n D．put ff
34．A．arguments B．adventures C．failures D．perfrmances
35．A．break B．prtest C．hesitate D．disappear
第二节(共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形 式阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Nrthwest China’s Gansu Prvince lies Zhangye Natinal Gepark, 36
is blessed with a splendid Danxia landfrm area 37 (cver) abut 1,289
square kilmeters. The Danxia landfrms are a masterpiece f nature. The clrful
muntain ridges are just like an verturned palette(调色板) frm heaven. Bands f
fiery red, creamy range, rich green and bright yellw streak acrss the muntain,
frming what is knwn 38 the mst beautiful rainbw muntain.
The incredible landscapes 39 (create) by sandstne and minerals
years ag due t tectnic(地壳构造上的) plate mvements. Wind, rain, and time then
carved the rck frmatins and rlling hills int 40 (vary) shapes,
including twers, pillars and valleys.
Declared a UNESCO Wrld Heritage site in 2010 and a natinal gepark in 2011,
the landfrm has becme a tp turist 41 (attract). The park features
42 series f bardwalks that allw visitrs 43 (walk) arund the
clrful sandstne landscapes. There are viewing platfrms 44 (special)
designed, enabling turists t get clse t the hills and feast their eyes n the magnificent sights withut damaging the fragile ecsystem. Shuttle bus service is
available, making 45 easy fr turists t get arund the park.
第三节 请用括号内单词的适当形式填空。(共 6 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 12 分
)
46. As yu have a ____________ (prefer) fr traditinal Chinese culture, yur suggestins will be greatly helpful t us.
Based n ____________ (science) research, the reprt is reliable and cnvincing.
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Lk at these little kittens. Are they ____________ (adre)?
S far this idea has met little ____________ (resist).
I must ____________ (aplgy) fr missing ur appintment yesterday.
51. Seeing that Jane is ding her hmewrk, her mther left the study slwly and ____________ (gentle).
第四节 阅读下面句子，根据中文提示从方框内选择合适的单词，在空白处填入 其适当形式。 (共 7 小题：每小题 2 分, 满分 14 分)
It's a mvie that will ____________ (吸引) the yung.take up a psitin live ff appeal t in this sense
keep in tuch with cmmit neself t as a matter f fact
____________ (事实上), n ne can win all the time.
They find it hard t ____________ (依靠…生活) the mney they make.
I have ____________ (承诺) accepting her invitatin and cannt draw back.
____________ (从这种意义上来讲), travel enriches ur knwledge and
bradens ur mind.
He left the career in teaching and ____________ (任职) in an exprt cmpany.
58.It’s nt easy t ____________ (与…保持联系) friends when they are far away, hwever, they are always n my mind.
第五节 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形 式。(共 7 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 14 分)
China, __________ was funded in 1949, is becming mre and mre pwerful.
Just __________ the ld saying ges, “Each cin has tw sides.”
61. I am grateful t my teacher, __________ encuragement and supprt helped me discver my ptential.
62. We will always remember the mment, __________ my classmate Li Chng
crssed the finishing line.
63. Later, the medicine was tested n malaria patients, mst f __________ recvered.
64. __________ (have) breakfast can help yu cncentrate in class and study mre
efficiently.
65. Of curse, __________ (enjy) a nice meal with friends can have a great effect n ur spirits.
第三部分 写作(满分20分)
近日，你们班就“学校每天清晨开展冬季跑操活动”进行了一次讨论，请根据以下内容，给学校英文报编辑写一篇短文。
（1）64%的学生支持，他们认为跑操可以增强体质，激励精神。
（2）近三分之一的学生持反对观点，认为天气寒冷，学业繁重，没必要非得坚持。
（3）你的看法。
注意：（1）词数80左右；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：跑操活动：Jgging Activity
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