2025年中考英语二轮复习讲练测课件专题12 阅读理解

这是一份2025年中考英语二轮复习讲练测课件专题12 阅读理解，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了考情分析，知识建构，真题研析，考点提炼，题型特训，PART ONE，PART TWO，PART THREE，PART FOUR，PART FIVE等内容，欢迎下载使用。
阅读理解是每年中考试题的“重中之重”。此题型的分值为30-40分，约占整套试题总分的45%左右。阅读理解主要考查考生通过阅读短文获取一定信息的能力。近几年的中考试题考查的文体多为记叙文、说明文、应用文等，考查内容比较广泛。不仅如此，阅读理解的文章在体裁方面也越来越多样化，广告、图表等应用文是近年来中考试题的新体裁；在内容方面，也更加体现了时代性和可读性，题材包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等方面。
知识构建： 文体： 01 记叙文 02 说明文 03 议论文 04 应用文 考查方向： 01主旨题 02 推断题 03 猜测词义题 04细节理解题。
考向一、应用文英语应用文属于实用型文体，如书信、通知、日记、广告等。应用文阅读要注意文中具体细节的把握与理解，弄清作者所传达的实际信息及表达的具体内容。阅读时采取速读与精读相结合的方法，力求快速精确地查出试题所设置的关键内容。宜采用“题干定位法”应用文阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在中考试题中，常常是 就某一点提问，以细节理解题为主，考生完全没有必要从头到尾全部仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用“题干定位法”，即先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，按照题目顺序依次有 针对性地结合题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，阅读相关部分，快速寻找有效信息，再把原文和选项相比 较。当问题与材料相同的时候，对号入座；如果问题与原文不同，则可以同义替换、归纳事实等。采用寻读、跳读的方法要注意 根据所提问题采用寻读、跳读的方法，这样往往可以达到事半功倍的效果。
（A）【题材】建议【词数】268【难度】★★☆☆☆【建议用时】 5分钟
(2023·广州中考)
( ) 26. Wh might be mst interested in reading this passage?A. Yung sprts lvers.B. Teenagers in need f help.C. Summer camp planners.D. Kids lking fr dressing ideas.
推断题。根据文章“My friend keeps cpying my lk, but I like lking special. What shuld I d?—Ann”、“My rm is always messy. N matter what I d, I can’t keep it clean!—Mike”和“I’m sad because I have t g t a summer camp. I just want t have a summer like my friends. Help me ut!—Jessie”可知需要帮助的青少年对这篇文章最感兴趣。故选B。
( ) 27. What prblem des Mike need t slve?A. Having an unwanted hliday plan.B. Failing t manage his time wisely.C. Nt knwing hw t tidy his rm.D. Unable t get n well with his friends.
细节题。根据文章第二段“My rm is always messy. N matter what I d, I can’t keep it clean!—Mike”可知Mike不知道怎样整理他的房间。故选C。
( ) 28. What advice des the writer give t Jessie?A. Tell yur parents hw yu feel.B. Be ready t help ther students.C. Study harder in the summer camp.D. See the advantage f what yu dislike.
细节题。根据文章最后一段“The best thing t d is t lk at things n the bright side.”可知作者建议Jessie要看到事物好的一面。故选D。
做记叙文的时候先将事情发生的时间、地点，人物弄清楚。然后了解事件发生经过。英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点、或过程。特点是，其主题往往潜伏在字里行间，没有直接地表白出来；文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。中考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。
Cme n, Amy. Yu must TRY HARDER. Amy tld herself silently. 29. She was in her class’ Secnd-Day-f-Schl Game with her teammates, whm she nly met yesterday. This was her first chance t make new friends, and she was nervus. S far Amy hadn’t given any useful suggestins — after all, she was ttally new t this twn. Luckily, n ne seemed t care abut it. This relaxed her a lt. Since the Blue Team left the park, they had wrked ut the first tw clues(线索) and had been t the pst ffice. Nw they were in frnt f the cinema. Henry was reading alud the third clue: G t ur twn funder’s last resting place. I knw THIS ONE! Amy thught, excited.
（B）【题材】故事【词数】371【难度】★★★☆☆【建议用时】 6分钟
“T the cemetery(墓地)!” Cindy said. “N, wait!” Amy said. “I’ve read abut it. The funder was buried near the library.” “Ww. I’ve walked by every day,” Tyler said. “Never knew that!” “Gd jb! That will save valuable time,” Cindy smiled at Amy. “We still need t hurry,” Tyler reminded, pinting t the Yellw Team cming near. “I knw a shrtcut!” Henry suggested. “Fllw me!” N ne mved. 30. “N, seriusly,” Henry said. “Yu knw I’m always running late. I knw every shrtcut in twn.” The thers finally agreed. A few sharp turns, and they were there! This time Amy read the clue alud: Nw g t the place where the ftball is running arund!
“The ftball stadium!” They called ut tgether and started t run ... 31. Nw they’d gt the final clue: Lk where yu’ve been, see where yu are. Use yur map wisely and yu’ll be a star! Lking clsely at the map, everyne thught hard. “Aha! A star!” Cindy suddenly brke the silence. She quickly tk ut a pencil. As they watched her drawing lines n the map, everyne understd. 31. They began running back t where they started. They were clser and clser and finally crssed the finish line — just ne step behind the Red Team! “S ... clse ...” Tyler made a face, and they all laughed tgether. “Nice jb, new girl,” Cindy gave Amy a high-five. “That was really fun,” said Henry. 32. “I hpe we’ll be n the same team sn.” “Me, t,”Amy agreed, smiling.
( ) 29. What des the beginning f the stry tell us abut Amy?A. She didn’t want t play the game.B. She was a new student in her class.C. She was a member f the Red Team.D. She didn’t understand the game rules.
推断题。根据文章第一段She was in her class’ Secnd-Day-f-Schl Game with her teammates, whm she nly met yesterday. This was her first chance t make new friends, and she was nervus.可知Amy是班里的新生。故选B。
( ) 30. Why did the team let Henry lead the way at last?A. He ran fastest in the team.B. They didn’t knw the way.C. They trusted his rich experience.D. He was best at playing the game.
推断题。根据“N, seriusly,” Henry said. “Yu knw I’m always running late. I knw every shrtcut in twn.” The thers finally agreed.可知其余人相信Henry经验丰富。故选C。
( ) 31. Where was the finish line f the game?A. In the park.B. Next t the pst ffice.C. In frnt f the cinema.D. Outside the library.
推断题。根据Nw they’d gt the final clue: Lk where yu’ve been, see where yu are. Use yur map wisely and yu’ll be a star!和They began running back t where they started.可知他们的终点线是公园。故选A。
( ) 32. Why did Amy smile at the end f the stry?A. Her team came in first.B. She was accepted as a friend.C. She n lnger felt nervus.D. There wuld be a game sn.
推断题。根据I hpe we’ll be n the same team sn.可知Amy被当作朋友接受了。故选B。
说明文是对客观事物的性状、特点、功能和用途等作科学解说的。它既不像记叙文那样重在情节的叙述和描写，也不像议论文那样，重在阐明主张和论点论据；说明文是通过解说事物、阐明事理，说明文是中考英语阅读理解题中的重点，难点之一。说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法，因此说明文结构复杂，专业术语多，易于拉开考生分数档次，对于考生来说说明文抽象度高，解题难度大。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，以冷静的心态阅读原文，重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。
（C）【题材】科普【词数】310【难度】★★★☆☆【建议用时】 6分钟
Cmputer scientist Mary has an idea fr a new rbt t help her wrk with children. Hw shuld it lk? The rbt shuld have arms t be able t lift things. 33. And if it is ging t cmmunicate with peple, it will als need a face. Scientists believe that giving a rbt a face can make it seem mre friendly. Humans wuld als like t pay mre attentin t rbts with faces. But what kind? Fr Mary, she wants t make sure that her new rbt desn’t lk t much like a human. She wants peple t just treat it as a machine-persn. 34. If it lks mre like a human than a machine, she thinks users might find it a bit creepy and feel afraid. Mary als believes that rbt faces dn’t need t lk a lt like urs. Her research shws that we can enjy cmmunicating with rbts
whether r nt they lk like humans, because ur brains are able t lk fr faces. Just put tw circles n tp f a rbt’s bdy, and we will see a face. Dave feels differently. 35. He believes that althugh at first we might be afraid when seeing a rbt with a lifelike face, we may sn get used t it. If rbts are ging t wrk clsely with humans, they shuld lk as much like us as pssible. After all, faces are an imprtant part f the way we cmmunicate. T make his rbts lk as much like real peple as pssible, Dave invented a special skin(皮肤) fr their faces. With this skin, rbts can shw human-like expressins and appear t be angry, sad, happy r surprised. Dave’s rbts are als prgrammed t cpy expressins. Hw? Just imagine his rbt is lking at yu. The cameras in its eyes send pictures f yur face t its central cmputer!
( ) 33. Why d scientists think a rbt needs a face?A. It will becme mre beautiful.B. It can d better in lifting things.C. It will pay mre attentin t children.D. It can better cmmunicate with peple.
细节题。根据文章第一段And if it is ging t cmmunicate with peple, it will als need a face.可知为了更好地与人交流，机器人需要脸。故选D。
( ) 34. What des the underlined wrd “creepy” mean in Paragraph 2?A. Uncmfrtable t lk at.B. Impssible t tuch.C. Bring t talk t.D. Difficult t understand.
猜词题。根据文章第二段If it lks mre like a human than a machine, she thinks users might find it a bit creepy and feel afraid.可知是看着不适舒服。故选A。
( ) 35. Which f the fllwing wuld Dave mst prbably agree with?A. Peple shuld treat rbts as humans.B. Rbts need t express their wn feelings.C. Rbts shuldn’t lk t much like humans.D. Peple can easily accept rbts with a human face.
细节题。根据文章第三段He believes that althugh at first we might be afraid when seeing a rbt with a lifelike face, we may sn get used t it. 可知Dave认为，虽然起初我们看见有着人脸的机器人时会害怕，但我们可能很快就习惯了。故选D。
( ) 36. What is the purpse f the passage?A. T explain the reasns why rbts shuld have faces.B. T suggest what humans can d with rbts with faces.C. T share ideas n what kind f faces rbts shuld have.D. T shw hw scientists invent rbts with different faces.
主旨题。通读全文可知本文主要讨论机器人需要什么脸型。故选C。
英语议论文通常为三段式，即“论点、论据、结论”三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点，然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论证，最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。因此，遇到议论文体时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点。一般来说，作者的论点通常在文章首段被引出，接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证，最后为结论。还应注意的是：在对论点论证的过程中，每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的位置是理解议论文的关键。 一、重视文章标题，找准全文主题句，把握文章主旨。议论文特别注意主题句，往往有总说和分说的关系，主题句往往出现在第一句或最后归纳总结句中。二、细读文章，注意文章细节理解。与前面做题相同。 三、理解整体语篇，掌握作者意图。议论文一定有作者的观点，要正确把握。
（C） 【题材】运动【词数】319【难度】★★★☆☆【建议用时】 6分钟
Ding sprts is gd fr ur bdy and mind. Tday, exercising thrugh nline vides is becming ppular. With the Internet, peple can d it anytime, anywhere. 8. One f my friends, Lin Fei, fllwed shrt vides t d daily exercise. “With live prgrams, I feel like I am wrking ut with my friends, which encurages me t hld n t the last minute,” she said. 8. Anther friend f mine, Michael, tld me that wrking ut thrugh vides made him feel cmfrtable. “I have a fear f wrking ut at the gym, because I dn’t like being watched by peple arund me. But wrking ut at hme desn’t make me feel embarrassed,” he said. Hearing abut their experiences, I decided t give it a try. When I tld my plan t my elder sister, a P.E. teacher, she said that wrkut
vides culd be helpful but might still carry sme prblems. “ 9. Withut being with smene in persn, yu will be less willing t wrk ut t yur best. Wrking ut at the gym allws yu t have advice in real time and get pushed harder,” my sister said t me. “Well, if yu really want t have a try, first, chse prper prgrams r vides. That’s very imprtant. And then ask yur friends fr advice. Their experiences can give yu a better understanding f what yu can expect. Anyway, dn’t depend t much n it. Yu shuld try sme different ways t.” At her suggestins, I fllwed an nline prgram fr three mnths, which als ffered advice t meet my persnal needs. 10. After the first perid f training, I felt it very practical and helpful when I put in the right amunt f wrk with a strng will. Cmpared with ging t the gym, using nline vides is a much cheaper and time-saving chice. But it can be difficult smetimes when I’m t lazy r t busy t stick with it.
( ) 8. What d the writer’s friends think f wrking ut thrugh nline vides?A. Lin Fei likes it but Michael desn’t. B. Bth Lin Fei and Michael like it.C. Michael likes it while Lin Fei desn’t. D. Neither Lin Fei nr Michael likes it.
细节题。根据文章第二段One f my friends, Lin Fei, fllwed shrt vides t d daily exercise.以及Anther friend f mine, Michael, tld me that wrking ut thrugh vides made him feel cmfrtable.可知，两个朋友都喜欢跟着视频运动。故选B。
( ) 9. What is the writer’s sister’s idea abut fllwing wrkut vides?A. It may fail t push yu t yur best.B. It can ffer yu advice when yu exercise.C. It prvides yu with different ways f exercise.D. It shws prper and helpful prgrams.
细节题。根据文章第四段Withut being with smene in persn, yu will be less willing t wrk ut t yur best可知。故选A。
( ) 10.What advice n wrking ut thrugh nline vides will the writer prbably give?A. The mre yu exercise, the mre advice yu will get.B. Fllwing nline vides is simply enugh.C. Dn’t give up especially when yu feel lazy.D. Dn’t g t the gym as it wastes mney and time.
推断题。根据文章最后一段 After the first perid f training, I felt it very practical and helpful when I put in the right amunt f wrk with a strng will.可知作者可能建议当懈怠时，不要轻易放弃，要有坚强的意志。故选C。
( ) 11. What is the main idea f this passage?A. Wrking ut thrugh nline vides is necessary and ppular.B. Wrking ut thrugh nline vides is cnvenient but nt helpful.C. Wrking ut thrugh nline vides requires a strng will and actin.D. Wrking ut thrugh nline vides has advantages and prblems.
主旨题。通读全文可知本文主要讲述跟着视频锻炼的优缺点。故选D。
细节理解题一、命题形式。细节理解题主要考查学生对阅读材料中某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。(一)5W＋1H细节题 5W＋1H细节题主要考查学生对文章中发生什么事、事件的主要人物、事件发生的时间、原因、过程、结果的理解。此类题目题干中的关键词是解题的关键，学生需将题干中的关键词代入原文中进行比对，得出正确答案。
(二)数字计算题 数字计算题多以hw many进行设问，考查某个关键点下所包含多少个小点，学生需弄懂文章中各要点间的逻辑关系；或是考查年份、月份或金钱的计算，文章中经常会出现多个数字，学生需对它们进行比对、分析、计算得出正确答案。
方法一：排除干扰项法 细节理解题中，部分题目的干扰选项往往是正确细节与非正确细节的混杂，学生需将选项与原文进行比对，排除干扰选项，得出正确答案。(　　)39. Which sprt is ppular in Asia?答案定位：在亚洲国家流行的运动A. Man vs. Hrse Marathn. B. Dragn Bat Racing.C. Caber Tss. D. Chess Bxing.
Man vs. Hrse Marathn This race takes place in a small twn in Wales, abut 200 miles frm Lndn．　　　　　　　　　 威尔士位于英国(欧洲)，排除A项。Camel WrestlingIn Turkey, camel(骆驼) wrestling is a very ld sprt.
Dragn Bat RacingEvery year in China, thusands f peple watch dragn bat races.中国为亚洲国家，故B项正确。Caber Tss…Visitrs t the UK can check it ut.英国为欧洲国家，排除C项。Chess Bxing…The sprt is mre ppular in England and Germany. (2020年广州)　　　　　　　　　　英国和德国均为欧洲国家，排除D项。
方法二：同义转换法 细节理解题主要考查同义转换，即题干关键词与选项关键信息对原文信息进行了同义转换，同义转换的部分可能是一个词或短语，也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子。因此，做题时需要比对选项与原文的意义是否一致。
His grandfather and father were dctrs and the yung Darwin went t Edinburgh University t study medicine. Hwever, he hated t see bld and he sn realized that he culdn't be a dctr. He then went t Cambridge University and discvered that he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals. (2022年广州)同义转换：study medicine→study f medicine 同义转换：hated t see bld→didn't like seeing bld，故选A。(　　)34. What caused Darwin t give up his study f medicine? 定位到原文第一段A. He didn't like seeing bld. B. He fund the studies t difficult.C. He was pushed t give up by his family. D. He was advised t study natural science.
方法三：细节推敲法 此类题目不能直接从原文中找到对应的词或短语，学生需根据文章的隐含意义，如原因、前提或结果等对文章细节进行推敲，得出正确答案。
“I'm srry！” Amy aplgised. “It's kay，” her grandfather said quietly. “It was an accident.” They pened the bx and, sure enugh, many f the plates were brken. Only a few remained whle. Lking at the small pieces, Amy felt really terrible. She knew these plates were passed dwn frm her great grandparents and … (2022年广州)Amy知道这些盘子是从她曾祖父母那里传下来的，由此可推知，这些盘子是有意义的家族财宝，故选C。(　　)31. Why did Amy feel srry fr the brken plates? 定位到原文第四段A. They were never used by the family. B. They were valuable hliday presents. C. They were meaningful family treasures. D. They were expensive hmetwn prducts.
排序题一、命题形式。 排序题是细节理解题的其中一种题目，主要在记叙文中考查。该题型主要考查学生对事件发展的逻辑关系的理解。题目中通常给出从原文中抽取出来的5或6个具体事实，要求学生按照事件发生的先后顺序。
二、解题技巧。方法一：原文标记法 在文章中标出所给选项，按照文章所呈现的顺序得出正确答案。注意选项与原文的同义转换，以及原文中有无特殊的时间标志词。
(　　)36. In what rder did the fllwing happen in Darwin's life? a. He arrived back in Britain in 1836.b. He thught the public wuld nt supprt his ideas. c. He became interested in studying the natural wrld. d. He printed his famus bk, On the Origin f Species. e. He received help t get a place n a trip arund the wrld. f. He studied the plants and animals n the islands he visited.A. e→f→c→a→b→d B. c→e→f→a→b→d C. e→f→a→c→d→b D. c→e→f→d→a→b
Early years… He then went t Cambridge University and discvered that he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals. 同义转换：had a great interest in→became interested in，对应c项Luckily, ne f Darwin's university teachers helped him jin the perfect trip fr a bilgist: a vyage arund the wrld t study nature. 同义转换：jin the perfect trip, arund the wrld→get a place n a trip arund the wrld，对应e项
The BeagleWhile he was travelling, he studied the plants and animals in the cuntries and n the islands that the ship visited. Darwin als spent对应f项his time n The Beagle writing ntes abut the things he had seen. When he finally arrived back in Britain, Darwin was already starting 对应a项t create his famus thery that all living things had a cmmn ancestr(祖先)．
Dwn huseHe thught the public wuld be against it and was s frightened 同义转换：wuld be against→wuld nt supprt，对应b项that he became ill with wrry. Hwever, when anther scientist tarted t write abut similar ideas, Darwin decided t print his bk, On the Origin f Species． 对应d项　　　　　 (2022年广州)将各选项所对应的原文部分进行排序可知，正确顺序为c→e→f→a→b→d，故选B。
方法二：首尾定位法 找出最早和最晚的时间点或事件，使用排除法迅速缩小范围，从而快速选出正确选项。(　　)28. What is the crrect rder f Amy's first­aid actins?艾米的急救行动→限定了排序的范围，帮助定位到原文a. She fund a prper stick.b. She helped lift Ry int the truck.c. She asked the bys fr sme shirts.d. She tied the shirts arund the brken leg.e. She sent smene t get Ry's mum and a truck.A. c­e­a­b­d B. a­c­e­d­b C. e­c­a­d­b D. e­c­a­b­d
The kids didn't knw what t d. Amy ran t Ry and saw ne f his legs ut f shape. A brken leg! She remembered what the first­aid bk said abut it.由此可知下文将围绕Amy的急救行动展开 “Victr！” Amy called t ne f the bys. “G get Ry's mama, 对应e项and find smene with a truck．” She turned t the thers. “Give 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　me yur shirts. We need smething t tie his leg with.” 　对应c项
Amy then fund a strng, straight stick. She carefully wrapped 对应a项the shirts arund Ry's leg and the stick. Ry cried ut in pain. “I 同义转换：wrapped→tied，对应d项knw it hurts，” Amy said sftly. “But this will hld it still until yu get t the hspital.” When Amy was dne, she lked up and saw Ry's mama and a man watching beside a truck, “Thank yu, Amy，” Ry's mama said. Amy helped them lift Ry int the truck, then they drve dwn 对应b项the hillside twards the hspital. (2020年广州)定位原文范围后，快速找出各选项对应部分并排序可知，正确顺序为e­c­a­d­b，故选C。
推理判断题一、命题形式。 推理判断题要求学生根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息。此类题目不能直接从文中找到答案，学生须根据文章的细节或文章所表达的观点进行推断，不可凭个人臆断进行选择。 近五年广州市中考真题中，推理判断题多出现于记叙文、说明文中，常考查对文章来源、文章目的、文章或段落内容的推理，其中对文章或段落内容的推理包括考查写作技巧、最佳描述、原因或现象推理等。
常见的设问有：In which sectin f the newspaper wuld yu prbably read this article?What is the main purpse f this passage?Which sentence best describes…？ Hw des the writer develp Paragraph…？ Why…？
二、解题技巧。方法一：针对文章来源的判断 此类题目可以根据文章的用词和格式来推断文章的出处，也可以根据文章内容的主题意义来确定文章的出处。
Many peple knw that rubbish is a big prblem n planet Earth. What many peple dn't knw is that junk (垃圾) has becme a prblem in uter space, t. Accrding t BBC News, there are mre than 22，000 pieces f space junk flating arund the earth. (2018年广州)题干意为：在报纸中的哪个部分可能看到这篇文章？根据文中关键词rubbish, junk, space junk等，可推断出文章与环境问题相关，故可在“环境”版块读到这篇文章，故选A。(　　)40. In which sectin f the newspaper wuld yu prbably read this article?A. Envirnment. B. Lcal News. C. Educatin. D. Fashin.
方法二：针对文章目的的判断 判断文章的目的，可以从文章的主题句入手，了解文章大意，梳理文章脉络，对作者写这篇文章的目的进行推断。 When yu and yur friends turn t each ther t talk abut prblems r trubles, yu give each ther advice and help. One imprtant thing f ur grwth is t make decisins t help ur friends and learn t supprt each ther. This requires us t learn what it means t help friends and hw t help them in right ways. 　　　　 找出各段的主题句
The first step tward helping thers is t identify that they need help. The next step tward helping thers is t listen. (2022年广州)题干意为：这篇文章的目的是什么？通过阅读各段的主题句可知，文章主要讲如何恰到好处地帮助别人，故选D。(　　)26. What is the purpse f the passage? A. T discuss why peple help each ther. B. T describe the prblems f giving help. C. T intrduce the advantages f giving help. D. T explain hw we can help thers prperly.
方法三：针对文章或段落内容的判断 对文章或段落内容的推理判断主要立足于文章的细节，学生需要从细节中找到线索，总结推理出正确答案。
Fr thse wh need sme drives t stp prcrastinating, the best advice might be t take actin first. If yu've been prcrastinating n frming a habit f exercise, just put n yur walking shes. A little bit f prgress will get yu mving. (2021年广州)题干意为：如果大卫不想再拖延写作任务，他应该怎么做？阅读原文第四段可知，对于那些需要一些动力来停止拖延的人，最好的建议可能是先采取行动。故可推断大卫若不想拖延写作任务，就要拿起笔，着手写下有可能会用到的起始句，故选D。(　　)40. What shuld David d if he wants t stp prcrastinating n a writing task?　　　　　　　　 定位到原文第四段A. Put n sme sft music t help think actively.B. Enjy a favurite ice－cream, and then start writing.C. Search the Internet fr enugh ideas befre starting.D. Pick up a pen and write dwn pssible starting sentences.
Over the years, kites have als helped peple understand the natural wrld．In 1749, fr example, thermmeters were tied t 主题句 例子1　　　 　 例子2kites t measure temperatures. In 1906, cameras hanging frm kites tk pictures f San Francisc, Califrnia after an earthquake. The phts helped peple plan what t d. (2020年广州)
题干意为：作者是怎么展开第五段的？阅读原文第五段可知，本段为总分结构，第一句为主题句，其后通过列举两个在1749年和1906年的例子，说明主题句的内容，即是举例子的说明方法，故选D。(　　)34. Hw des the writer develp Paragraph 5?A. By telling stries. B. By listing numbers.C. By cmparing facts. D. By giving examples.
方法四：针对文章读者的判断 此类题目要先了解文章主旨大意，抓住文章中能提示读者对象的词或句进行判断。Here are what yu will need：•a grwn－up helper…Step 2: Ask a grwn－up t nail the pieces tgether.Step 3: Put the shirt n. Ask a grwn－up t nail ne arm piece t the shulder… (2021年广州)
题干意为：这篇文章最有可能写给谁的？通读全文，通过关键词“a grwn－up”可知，作者建议向成年人寻求帮助，由此可推测这篇文章是写给年纪小的孩子的，故选A。(　　)34.This passage is mst prbably written fr ________．A. yung kids B. parents C. grwn－up helpers D. teachers
词义猜测题一、命题形式。 词义猜测题考查英英转换，即选项都是英语。一般是对实词或短语的意义进行考查，或是对代词的指代进行考查。对实词的考查主要是名词(5年1考)和动词(5年3考)。 对短语的考查(5年1考)可能是俚语或是英语中的习惯性表达，构成这类短语的单词简单易懂，但组合起来会有新的含义，如2018年的词义猜测题中catch his eye表示“抓住眼球”，即吸引某人的注意力。
二、解题技巧。方法一：语境推断法 实词或短语的词义猜测题都可以通过上下文语境推断出答案，学生可以根据上下文之间的并列关系、已知信息与生词的同义关系、反义关系等逻辑关系推断出生词的意思。
The first step tward helping thers is t identify that they need help. We all knw that difficulties are part f ur daily lives. Hwever, smetimes small things can lead t mre serius prblems that require mre help. It's imprtant t make sure when t help a friend. Fr example, yu may pick up sme signs that yur friends are nt acting like themselves. These signs shw they may nt be well. (2022年广州)由原文第二段第四句可知，确认什么时候帮助朋友很重要，由此可推知，帮助他人的第一步是确认他们需要帮助，identify表示“识别，确认”，相当于discver，故选B。(　 )27. What des the underlined wrd “identify” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Require. B. Discver. C. Suggest. D. Remember.
方法二：指代关系法 文章中的代词it, that, this, he, him或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和 that还可以指一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；有时需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事。注意选项与原文的同义转换。
Many earlier experiments with plants in space had used clsed 干扰项rms. Dr.Williams tried a new greenhuse that had a fan t keep the air mve. The plants lved it. They flwered and even prduced mre seeds. … astrnaut Gerge cmpleted the first seed­t­seed experiment in space, and mved ne plant clser t a garden in 干扰项space． “And this，” says Dr.Williams, “is gd news fr lng­term space travel．” (2020年广州)干扰项(travel→jurney)
由上文可知，威廉博士尝试了一种新的温室，里面有一个扇子让空气保持流动。由此可推断，植物喜欢的是“流动的空气”(keep the air mve→the mving air)，故选A。(　　)44. The underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 7 refers t ________．A. the mving air B. the clsed rm C. the space jurney D. the space garden
主旨大意题一、命题形式。 主旨大意题主要考查学生对文章的概括能力，要求学生在理解全文的基础上，归纳短文的大意、概括文章的中心思想或写出文章的标题。
二、解题技巧。第一步：定位主题句，弄懂文章中心思想。方法一：开门见山 主题句出现在文首，这种结构主要是为了开门见山，先提出主题，然后围绕主题用细节来解释、论证或发展主题思想。方法二：藏头露尾 主题句出现在文末，这种结构往往是先阐述细节，然后归纳要点，得出结论，概括主题。
方法三：卧虎藏龙 主题句隐含在全文中，没有明确的主题句。这样的文章要求学生根据文章的细节来分析、概括、推导出文章的主题。具体方法是：明确各个段落的内容以及它们之间的逻辑关系，寻找核心词和高频词，然后加以归纳形成主题。
第二步：比对选项，排除干扰项。 主旨大意题的正确选项需要具有概括性，不能以偏概全或是泛泛而谈；选择文章最佳标题，要注意标题需具有概括性、针对性和醒目性，标题要囊括文章的主要内容，指向文章的主要特点。 主旨大意题的干扰选项通常有以下特征：以偏概全、扩大概念、缩小概念、逻辑错误等。
第一段：… His bk The Travel Ntes f Xu Xiake , nt nly encuraged a lve f travelling amng Chinese peple but prvided imprtant scientific infrmatin abut the cuntry's land and gegraphy.通过介绍书籍《徐霞客游记》的影响(对应选项D)，引入对徐霞客的介绍。第二段和第三段：Brn int a wealthy Jiangyin family , Xu became interested in bks abut different places at an early age and wanted t travel. When he was 18, hwever, Xu's father died and s, it seemed, did his travelling dreams. …介绍徐霞客的出生、家庭、成长。
第四段：S at the age f twenty and with his mther's supprt, Xu set ff fr the first time, leaving behind… During this time, he travelled thrughut the Ming kingdm, carefully studying the lands he passed thrugh and recrding his experiences and many discveries in a diary. …旅途的开始(discveries对应选项C)。
第五段：Althugh rich, Xu avided cmfrtable travel, preferring t g almst everywhere n ft. This way he culd research the envirnment in detail and get a true picture f the natural wrld. Many f his trips were t hard­t­reach muntain areas, and thrugh wild frests where few peple lived. His willingness t face hardships came at a cst hwever. Prgress was slw and tiring and he was frequently sick, rbbed and beaten during his jurneys.讲述旅途中的困难与艰辛(对应选项B)。
第六段：Sadly Xu became seriusly ill during his last and lngest jurney, a 4­year trip thrugh the suthwest f China. He died in 1641, sn after returning t his hmetwn fr the last time. … (2019年广州)结尾：讲述徐霞客的去世及其作品对后世的影响。(　　)31. What is the passage mainly abut?A. The general details f Xu Xiake's life stry． (概括了徐霞客的作品、出生、成长、旅途及去世)B. The difficulties Xu Xiake faced in his travels．(片面)C. The imprtant discveries made by Xu Xiake.(片面)D.The influence f Xu's bk The Travel Ntes f Xu Xiake. (片面)
It is mre than sixty years since the death f Lei Feng, a yung sldier wh shwed the spirit f self-sacrifice, and yet the “Lei Feng spirit” is still alive, inspiring new generatins f Chinese peple. On September 5th, 2022, when the earthquake struck Luding cunty in Suthwest China’s Sichuan prvince, 1. 28-year-ld hydrpwer statin(水电站) wrker Gan Yu and his clleague chse t remain at their psts, saving villages frm being flded. Finally, his clleague was rescued n September 8th, while Gan was rescued by a lcal villager 17 days later. “I’m nt a her.” Gan repeated, in an interview with Xinhua. The
（A） 【题材】故事【词数】320【难度】★★★☆☆【建议用时】 6分钟
(2023·越秀区一模)
name Lei Feng is familiar t him, but Gan desn’t feel that he shuld be cmpared t the yung sldier. “Lei Feng is a rle mdel that all Chinese yung peple learn frm,” said Gan. “Educatin frm childhd can have a lngstanding effect n ne’s life. Times change, but we still need the ‘Lei Feng spirit’. The things he did may seem unimprtant, but behind them was a great spirit.” Zeng Qiangfei, 24, is als frm Sichuan. 2. In 2013, when an earthquake happened in Lushan cunty, he was studying in a middle schl. 2. Zeng remembered seeing rescuers and vlunteers gather there frm acrss China t help. When he grew up, he became a vlunteer in a lcal rescue team himself.
1. After a terrible earthquake in Turkey and Syria this year, he flew there t jin the rescue peratin. 2. In six days, his team helped save nine survivrs. “ 2. I grew up listening t Lei Feng’s stries. He is an extrardinary yung man wh made great effrt t help thers withut caring abut his wn lsses,” said Zeng. He learnt that gdwill（善念） is universal, beynd languages and brders. Sixty years n, the her sldier remains a rle mdel in China. The gdwill t help thers can always be fund amng rdinary peple.
( ) 1. What is the similarity between Gan Yu’s and Zeng Qiangfei’s experiences?A. They used t experience the flds.B. They have the gdwill t help thers.C. They rescue peple in truble as vlunteers.D. They received the best educatin during their childhd.
细节题。根据28-year-ld hydrpwer statin wrker Gan Yu and his clleague chse t remain at their psts, saving villages frm being flded. ”以及“After a terrible earthquake in Turkey and Syria this year, he flew there t jin the rescue peratin. In six days, his team helped save nine survivrs.可知他们两人都有帮助别人的善念。故选B。
( ) 2. In what rder did the fllwing happen t Zeng Qiangfei?a. His team helped save nine survivrs.b. He grew up listening t Lei Feng’s stries.c. An earthquake happened in Lushan cunty.d. He became a vlunteer in a lcal rescue team himself.e. He flew t Turkey and Syria t jin the rescue peratin.f. He saw rescuers and vlunteers gather there frm acrss China t help.A. b-c-f-d-e-a B. c-b-d-f-a-e C. b-c-d-f-e-a D. c-b-f-d-a-e
排序题。根据第七段I grew up listening t Lei Feng’s stries。第四段In 2013, when an earthquake happened in Lushan cunty, he was studying in a middle schl.以及第五段Zeng remembered seeing rescuers and vlunteers gather there frm acrss China t help. When he grew up, he became a vlunteer in a lcal rescue team himself.第六段In six days, his team helped save nine survivrs.可知正确排序应该是b-c-f-d-e-a。故选A。
( ) 3. What’s the main idea f the passage?A. Shwing ways f learning frm Lei Feng.B. Giving advice abut learning frm Lei Feng.C. Telling stries abut learning frm Lei Feng.D. Expressing persnal pinins abut Lei Feng’s spirit.
主旨题。通读全文可知文章主要讲述了两个学习雷锋的故事。故选C。
Scientists have shwn that humans appear t have an ability t understand the signs f apes. As we all knw, humans use wrds t talk t each ther. But we als pint, nd, and use ur hands t shw what we mean. We’ve been ding this fr tens f thusands f years. Apes have their wn system f gestures t shw what they mean. Chimpanzees and bnbs（倭黑猩猩） are tw kinds f apes that are the clsest t humans. They use abut 80 different gestures t shw what they mean. 4. Fr example, a gesture the researchers call “big lud scratch” means “help pick insects ff me”. Scientists have learned the meanings f these gestures by studying chimpanzees and bnbs fr years. Besides, scientists have studied hw
（B） 【题材】动物【词数】396【难度】★★★★☆【建议用时】 7分钟
apes use gestures. But n ne had studied whether humans culd understand the gestures f apes. Researchers Kirsty Graham and Catherine Hbaiter at the University f St. Andrews decided t test this idea. 5. They wanted t see if humans with n training r experience culd understand the gestures f chimpanzees and bnbs. The researchers created a game fr peple t play nline. The game was simple. Peple watched shrt vides f apes making a gesture. Then they had t chse the crrect meaning f the gesture ut f fur pssible answers. Thusands f peple played the game. The researchers were surprised t find that peple were able t chse the crrect meaning f the gestures ver 50% f the time. Fr sme f the gestures, peple were able t chse the crrect meaning
abut 80% f the time. The scientists believe that humans may have a natural ability t understand the gestures f apes. But it’s nt clear why. Humans and ther apes all develped frm an earlier kind f ape that lived lng ag. 6. One pssibility is that the bdy language f these gestures has been passed dwn frm this shared ancestr（祖先）. Anther pssibility is that the gestures are a natural result f humans and apes sharing similar bdy shapes and needing t cmmunicate similar ideas. It’s als pssible that the gestures simply lk like the actins they are requesting. 7. The researchers say that they need t study hw humans are able t understand the gestures f apes. They’re als curius abut hw humans understand ther animals, like dgs.
( ) 4. Hw des the writer develp Paragraph 3? A. By telling a stry. B. By giving an example. C. By giving a suggestin. D. By expressing an pinin.
推断题。根据文章第三段Fr example, a gesture the researchers call‘big lud scratch’ means ‘help pick insects ff me。可知作者通过举例来陈述观点。故选B。
( ) 5. Why did Kirsty Graham and Catherine Hbaiter decide t test their idea?A. They were required t find ut the truth.B. They wanted t prve that chimpanzees are human ancestrs.C. They wndered if humans had the natural ability t understand the gestures f apes.D. They wanted t create an interesting game abut chimpanzees fr peple t play nline.
细节题。根据文章第五段They wanted t see if humans with n training r experience culd understand the gestures f chimpanzees and bnbs.可知他们想知道没有任何经验和训练的人是否能够知道这些猩猩的手势意思。故选C。
( ) 6. Which f the fllwing phrases “pass dwn” has the same meaning as the underlined ne in the passage?A. Pass dwn the bus and make rm fr mre passengers.B. The traditin has been passed dwn fr hundreds f years.C. Why did he keep passing dwn the ball back t the gal keeper?D. His rders were passed dwn frm the small grup t the ther wrkers.
猜词题。根据文章第七段One pssibility is that the bdy language f these gestures has been passed dwn frm this shared ancestr可知pass dwn表示流传。选项B. The traditin has been passed dwn fr hundreds f years.表示这个传统已经流传了几百年了。故选B。
( ) 7. Accrding t the passage, what will the researchers prbably d next?A. Begin t study dgs.B. Encurage peple t d research n apes.C. Create mre games fr peple t play nline.D. Study hw humans can understand the gestures f apes.
推断题。根据文章最后一段The researchers say that they need t study hw humans are able t understand the gestures f apes.可知接下来研究员可能去研究人类是如何能够理解类人猿手势意思的。故选D。
（C） 【题材】心理【词数】356【难度】★★★☆☆【建议用时】 6分钟
Teens ften find themselves hard t cmmunicate their needs r their values with friends and thers. Even when their gut（直觉） is telling them that smene is crssing a line with them, it’s difficult fr them t express that the situatin is making them uncmfrtable. Fr this reasn, teens need t learn hw t set bundaries（界限） with thers. Althugh bundaries are different fr everyne, they help teens set limits（限制） with thers in rder t prtect themselves. Setting bundaries allws teens t cmmunicate with ther peple abut what is OK and what is nt OK with them, and it is essential fr teen friendships. Explanatin f Bundaries Bundaries are limits teens set in rder t prtect themselves in
sme way frm being hurt r bullied. 8. As an expressin f self-wrth, bundaries let ther peple knw wh they are, what they value, and hw they want t be treated. In additin, bundaries help t create space between teens and ther peple when they need them. Imprtance f Bundaries Learning hw t set bundaries is an imprtant part f grwing up. It’s als essential t develp relatinships that are respectful, supprtive, and healthy. Unfrtunately, many teens have truble setting bundaries with their friends. When this happens, it puts them at risk fr everything frm unhealthy friendships t bullying. 9. Setting bundaries with ther peple nt nly helps keep teens safe but als help prtect their mental health.
Being in an unhealthy relatinship has a number f bad results. If teens have peple in their lives such as unkind friends, a cntrlling partner, r an adult that makes them feel uncmfrtable and disrespected, they need t cnsider setting bundaries with thse peple. ____________________ In fact, teens will run int a number f different situatins thrughut their life that challenge their values and their beliefs. Knwing hw t set bundaries can help them stay safe and be true t wh they are. 10. Here are sme tips fr setting bundaries: ● Identify their feelings. ● Trust their gut. ● Identify their unacceptable behavirs. ● Knw abut the risks f nt setting bundaries.
( ) 8. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is a gd example f setting bundaries?A. Jerry refused t cmmunicate with parents and friends.B. A by aged 14 talked abut his hbby with his best friend.C. Kelly asked Agny Aunt fr help when she was in truble.D. Yu let yur friend knw hw yu wanted t be treated plitely.
推断题。根据文章第三段As an expressin f self-wrth, bundaries let ther peple knw wh they are, what they value, and hw they want t be treated.可知选项D符合建立界限的例子。故选D。
( ) 9. What is the advantage f setting bundaries?A. Shwing respect t parents.B. Reducing space with thers.C. Knwing the value f friends.D. Building up healthy relatinships.
细节题。根据文章第五段Setting bundaries with ther peple nt nly helps keep teens safe but als help prtect their mental health. 可知建立界限有助于建立健康的关系。故选D。
( ) 10.Which sub-title shuld be put in the blank “_______”?A. Ways f Setting Bundaries B. Learning abut BundariesC. The Influence f Setting Bundaries D. Different Situatins thrughut Teens’ Life
主旨题。根据文章最后一段Here are sme tips fr setting bundaries可知该段主要说明建立界限的方法。故选A。
( ) 11. Which part f the newspaper is the passage mst prbably frm?A. Quiz Time.B. Tpics in Fcus. C. Mind Statin.D. Scientific Study.
推断题。通读全文可知本文主要讲述了青少年和他人之间应建立一定的界限，因此文章可能来自心灵驿站。故选C。
（D） 【题材】活动【词数】311【难度】★★★☆☆【建议用时】 6分钟
( ) 12. Which f the fllwing prgram will be helpful fr kids t learn abut a balanced diet?A. Hydr Fun & FssilsB. Disease Detectives C. ECO AdventuresD. Energy Explrers
细节题。根据文中Learn hw Energy IN = Energy OUT and mre discveries abut fd and yur bdy.可知能源探索者这项计划有助于孩子们了解均衡饮食。故选D。
( ) 13. What can kids d in the Science Camps?A. Dig thrugh layers f rcks. B. D experiments in a lab cat.C. Care fr the sick students. D. Make fd like pizza by themselves.
细节题。根据文中Child-size lab cat可知孩子们可以穿实验服做实验。故选B。
( ) 14. Hw much shuld a kid pay fr his tw-week camp with clthes and fd? A. ＄430. B. ＄475.C. ＄830.D. ＄875.
细节题。根据文中Weekly Camps (Mnday-Friday)：＄400 a week，两周是＄800；Child-size lab cat：＄25.00；Pizza Lunch：＄5.00 a day，10天是＄50可知一个孩子应支付＄875。故选D
( ) 15. Hw will the Science Fun make sure the kids’ health and safety in the camp?A. By prviding mre care fr sick kids.B. By setting strict rules abut handwashing.C. By asking parents t pay mre attentin t their kids’ health.D. By stpping kids frm attending the camp with brthers r sisters.
细节题。根据文中Campers and staff will increase handwashing upn arrival, departure, befre and after eating, befre and after bathrm use, and between activities.可知科学营通过制定严格的洗手规则，来确保孩子们在营地的健康和安全。故选B。