2025高考英语二轮复习 易混易错专项复习（1）阅读理解 导学案（含解析）

这是一份2025高考英语二轮复习 易混易错专项复习（1）阅读理解 导学案（含解析），共18页。学案主要包含了细节理解题，推理判断题，主旨大意题，词义猜测题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
细节理解题通常针对文章中叙述的人物、事物、现象或理论等进行提问，题目难度不大，题干中一般会出现表述较为具体的关键词，考生在审题后可快速锁定关键词并在文章中寻找相应的细节描述。
有时候，虽然题干中提供了关键词，但通过题目的提问方式我们会发现，简单地回文搜索关键词已不能满足做题需求。这时，通过审题来帮助我们提前决定解题方式就很有必要了。
1. 直接细节题
此类试题是对原文直接信息的考查，考生理解字面意思答题。在原文中可直接找到答案，常用wh，what，when，where，why和hw等提问。此类试题选项多采用原文中的信息直接进行考查，不需要考生进行推断。做题时，考生可以在文章中找到与答案有关的直接信息。此类试题一般不会涉及全文的主旨，考生只要把选项内容与原文内容认真对比即可确定答案。广告、公告、演出信息、航班时间表等类别的文章，常涉及直接细节题。
2. 间接细节题
需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理才能得出答案此类试题介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间。四个选项不出现原文中的直接信息，考生需借助同义转换、概念解析、归纳事实等方法对原文信息进行变换，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别。
二、推理判断题
推理判断题是历年高考英语的命题集中点，包括判断和推理两个方面，属于深层理解题，一般难度较高，得分率较低，其比例占30%~40%。从历年的高考阅读理解题来看，推理判断题一般可以归纳为五大题型：细节推断题、文章的来源或读者对象推断题、写作意图题、观点态度题和篇章结构题。预计高考阅读理解题中的推理判断题仍将是考查的重点，应引起考生的重视。
1. 细节推断题
细节推断题考查的内容虽属于原文的细节，但要求考生在原文基础上对文章信息进行分析、理解、推断，立足于已知推断未知。解题原则是“忠于原文，只推一步”。考生解答细节推断题时，首先要定位信息，通过寻读，找到相关信息点；然后进行字面理解，弄懂相关信息点的字面意思；再进行信息整合，由因推果，由果推因；由一般推特殊，由特殊推一般；由具体推抽象，由抽象推具体。然后做出符逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。细节推断题的答案不能在文章中直接找到，但是考生可在文章中寻找并确定推断的依据，推断出隐藏的深层含义，要做到判断有据、推断有理。
2. 观点态度推断题
文章中作者对某人或某事的观点态度、文章中涉及的人或组织机构的观点态度是常考内容。在记叙文中，作者往往不直接提出观点，考生在阅读文章时要细心捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词或短语，从而推断出作者或文中人物的言外之意。
3. 意图目的推断题
意图目的推理判断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章陈述的事实，使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型不但要求考生能理解文章的大意，同时要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。当然，有时候也会考查考生推断开展某项活动的目的意图，要通过对事件的起因和事件发起人的愿望推断出目的和意图来。
4. 文章出处或读者对象推断题
推断文章出处和读者对象的题目，首先要从文章的体裁和内容着手，弄清文章的中心话题，然后根据话题，确定文章来源和读者对象。如：新闻、广告应出现在报纸、网络上；科普类文章应出现在科学杂志上或报纸的科学版块上；对子女的教育话题的读者对象应该是父母。
5. 下文内容或事件发展结果推断题
此类题目要求考生根据语篇对事件可能的结局和下段可能涉及的内容进行预测。解这类题目时，考生应把握作者的写作思路和文章的篇章结构，根据文章最后一段的描述做出合情合理的预测。
三、主旨大意题
主旨大意题主要考查考生对全文的内容或某一段的内容加以合理地归纳，目的是检查对短文整体或某一段落的理解概括能力。该类题目是高考中的难点之一，也是区分度较大的题目。主要考查：选择最佳标题；概括文章的中心思想；理解段落大意等。
此类题正确选项的特点：通常不含细节信息和表示绝对意义的词；能概括文章（或段落）的全部内容。干扰项的特点：以偏概全；选项过于笼统；选项内容是命题者杜撰的；选项与主题无关。因为考生需要读完全文才能把握文章主题，所以在解答此类题时，考生不要急于去找答案，不论它出现在什么位置都永远把主旨大意题作为最后一道题来做。在做完另外几道题后，无疑会有助于考生加深对整篇文章的理解。
四、词义猜测题
1. 依据定义推测词义
在许多情况下，文章的作者估计某个词一般读者不熟悉，则会在文章中给出该词的定义或解释。这种解释可能是一种重复说明或定义。通过阅读定义和解释部分，读者便可理解该词的基本含义。线索词有that，which，is等。
2. 依据同位语推测词义
通常引出该词同位语的词或短语有r，that is，in ther wrds等，还有的同位语以括号或破折号的形式出现。在这些标记词后考生可较易找到同画线词意义相同或相近的词。
3. 依据文章中的举例推测词义
在阅读理解中，考生可以根据文章所举的例子，从具体到一般，推断出该生词的意思。
4. 依据对比关系或比较关系的词语推测词义
当作者强调的事物之间有区别或对立时，往往会运用对比的手法，即运用有对比关系的词语，例如反义词，也可以暗示出生词的含义。能体现对比关系或比较关系的词汇很多，主要有but，yet，hwever，while，unlike，instead，like，similarly，n the cntrary，In cntrast t等。标点符号中的分号也可表示对比。
5. 依据构词法推测词义
分析复合词：如果一个生词是由两个或两个以上的单词构成的复合词，可以从该词的各个部分的特定意思及联系上下文推测出该词的意思。考生同时要了解构词法知识。
6. 依据上下文语境，通过对应结构或平行结构中的同义词、反义词推测词义
7. 依据因果关系推测词义
因果关系是一种常见的、行之有效的提供生词词义信息的逻辑关系。一定的原因会导致一定的结果，某一结果总是由某种或某些原因引起的。作者在叙述原因的过程中就必然会把词或句子置于因果关系中。常见的表示因果关系的词汇有 since，as，because，fr，s，thus，cnsequently，therefre，hence，due t，result in，result frm，as a result，fr this reasn，accrdingly，s that，，such…that等。
8. 利用上下文来推测词义
Family-Friendly Events in January
ZLights: Glw Wild Jan. 1-19
The Phenix Z's yearly hliday light shw is n until Jan. 19, allwing families ne r mre pprtunities t enjy the city's z, with millins f lights giving an added dimensin t the festivities.
Glw Wild, 455 N. Galvin Pkwy., Phenix, phenixz.rg, $11.95 members, $13.95 general admissin.
Dwntwn Mesa Festival f the Arts Jan. 4-18
The Dwntwn Mesa Festival f the Arts features the wrk f established and emerging artists, including thse wh create wdwrk, metal crafts, fd items, art, phtgraphy and gifts.
On Macdnald, ff f Main Street in Dwntwn Mesa, dtmesafest.cm, free admissin.
Family Fun Winterfest Jan. 4
OdySea Aquarium in the Desert is hsting the third annual Family Fun Winterfest in its Desert Curtyard, featuring real snw fr the kids t play in. This free event features everything frm bunce huses t rides, games, snwflake crafts and face painting t g with varius stands set up by lcal sellers, with fd and ther fferings fr sale at the event.
9500 E. Via de Ventura, Scttsdale, dyseainthedesert.cm, free.
Yuth Fine Arts Curse Jan. 18-Mar. 7
Mesa Arts Center is hsting an eight-week yuth arts curse n Saturdays t teach artistic skills and knwledge thrugh fun and challenging art classes in a wide variety f art materials, including painting, drawing, mixed media and sculpture, ensuring mentally stimulating sessins fr all.
Mesa Art Center, 1 E. Main St., Mesa, mesaartscenter.cm, $93.
1.Hw can yu get a discunted ticket t the ZLights shw?
A. Bring a friend.B. Get a membership.
C. Jin a tur grup.D. Bk a ticket nline.
2.What can yu d at Family Fun Winterfest?
A. Have free fd.B. Enjy real snw.
C. Take art classes.D. Meet lcal artists.
3.Which event lasts the lngest?
A. ZLights: Glw Wild.B. Dwntwn Mesa Festival f the Arts.
C. Family Fun Winterfest.D. Yuth Fine Arts Curses.
When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec-machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge(污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
"Eclgical design" is the name Jhn gives t what he des. "Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr," he says. "Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what's happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair."
4.What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. He was fnd f traveling.B. He enjyed being alne.
C. He had an inquiring mind.D. He lnged t be a dctr.
5.Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?
A. T feed the animals.B. T build an ecsystem.
C. T prtect the plants.D. T test the ec-machine.
6.What is the authr's purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A. T review Jhn's research plans.B. T shw an applicatin f Jhn's idea.
C. T cmpare Jhn's different jbs.D. T erase dubts abut Jhn's inventin.
7.What is the basis fr Jhn's wrk?
A. Nature can repair itself.B. Organisms need water t survive.
C. Life n Earth is diverse.D. Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
A British wman wh wn a $1 millin prize after she was named the Wrld's Best Teacher will use the cash t bring inspiratinal figures int UK schls.
Andria Zafiraku,a nrth Lndn secndary schl teacher, said she wanted t bring abut a classrm revlutin(变革). "We are ging t make a change," she said. "I've started a prject t prmte the teaching f the arts in ur schls."
The prject results frm the difficulties many schls have in getting artists f any srt—whether an up and cming lcal musician r a majr mvie star int schls t wrk with and inspire children.
Zafiraku began the prject at Alpertn Cmmunity Schl, her place f wrk fr the past twelve years. "I've seen thse magic mments when children are talking t smene they are inspired by—their eyes are shining and their faces light up," she said. "We need artists mre than ever in ur schls."
Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: "Andria's brilliant prject t bring artists frm all fields int direct cntact with children is particularly welcme at a time when the arts are being dwngraded in schls." It was a mistake t see the arts as unnecessary, he added.
Histrian Sir Simn Schama is als a supprter f the prject. He said that arts educatin in schls was nt just an add-n. "It is abslutely necessary. The future depends n creativity and creativity depends n the yung. What will remain f us when artificial intelligence takes ver will be ur creativity, and it is ur creative spirit, ur visinary sense f freshness, that has been ur strength fr centuries."
8.What will Zafiraku d with her prize mney?
A.Make a mvie.B.Build new schls.
C.Run a prject.D.Help lcal musicians.
9.What des Craig-Martin think f the teaching f the arts in UK schls?
A.It is particularly difficult.B.It increases artists' incme.
C.It pens children's mind.D.It deserves greater attentin.
10.What shuld be stressed in schl educatin accrding t Schama?
A.Mral principles.B.Interpersnal skills.
C.Creative abilities.D.Psitive wrldviews.
11.Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A.Bring Artists t SchlsB.When Histrians Meet Artists
C.Arts Educatin in BritainD.The Wrld's Best Arts Teacher
Living in Iwa and trying t becme a phtgrapher specializing in landscape(风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the crn state lacks gegraphical variatin.
Althugh landscapes in the Midwest tend t be quite similar, either farm fields r highways, smetimes I find distinctive character in the hills r lakes. T make sme f my landscape shts, I have traveled up t fur hurs away t sht within a 10-minute time frame. I tend t travel with a few f my friends t state parks r t the cuntryside t g n adventures and take phts alng the way.
Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style f phtgraphy. I ften leave early t seek the right destinatins s I can set up early t avid missing the mment I am attempting t phtgraph. I have missed plenty f beautiful sunsets/sunrises due t being n the spt nly five minutes befre the best mment.
One time my friends and I drve three hurs t Devil's Lake, Wiscnsin, t climb the purple quartz(石英) rck arund the lake. After we fund a crazy-lking rad that hung ver a bunch f rcks, we decided t phtgraph the scene at sunset. The psitin enabled us t lk ver the lake with the sunset in the backgrund. We managed t leave this spt t climb higher because f the spare time until sunset. Hwever, we did nt mark the rute (路线) s we ended up almst missing the sunset entirely. Once we fund the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, lking back n the phts, they are sme f my best shts thugh they culd have been s much better if I wuld have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
12.Hw des the authr deal with the challenge as a landscape phtgrapher in the Midwest?
A.By teaming up with ther phtgraphers.
B.By shting in the cuntryside r state parks.
C.By studying the gegraphical cnditins.
D.By creating settings in the crn fields.
13.What is the key t successful landscape phtgraphy accrding t the authr?
A.Prper time management.B.Gd shting techniques.
C.Adventurus spirit.D.Distinctive styles.
14.What can we infer frm the authr's trip with friends t Devil's Lake?
A.They went crazy with the purple quartz rck.
B.They felt stressed while waiting fr the sunset.
C.They reached the shting spt later than expected.
D.They had prblems with their equipment.
15.Hw des the authr find his phts taken at Devil's Lake?
A.Amusing.B.Satisfying.C.Encuraging.D.Cmfrting.
Yu've heard that plastic is plluting the ceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 millin tnnes enter cean ecsystems every year. But des ne plastic straw r cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Vn Wng wants yu t knw that it des. He builds massive sculptures ut f plastic garbage, frcing viewers t re-examine their relatinship t single-use plastic prducts.
At the beginning f the year, the artist built a piece called "Strawpcalypse", a pair f 10-ft-tall plastic waves, frzen mid-crash. Made f 168,000 plastic straws cllected frm several vlunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shpping center in H Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% f glbal plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by n means the biggest surce(来源) f plastic pllutin, but they've recently cme under fire because mst peple dn't need them t drink with and, because f their small size and weight, they cannt be recycled. Every straw that's part f Vn Wng's artwrk likely came frm a drink that smene used fr nly a few minutes. Once the drink is gne, the straw will take centuries t disappear.
In a piece frm 2018, Vn Wng wanted t illustrate(说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 secnds, a trucklad's wrth f plastic enters the cean. Fr this wrk, titled "Trucklad f Plastic", Vn Wng and a grup f vlunteers cllected mre than 10,000 pieces f plastic, which were then tied tgether t lk like they'd been dumped(倾倒) frm a truck all at nce.
Vn Wng hpes that his wrk will als help pressure big cmpanies t reduce their plastic ftprint.
16.What are Vn Wng's artwrks intended fr?
A. Beautifying the city he lives in.
B. Intrducing ec-friendly prducts.
C. Drawing public attentin t plastic waste.
D. Reducing garbage n the beach.
17.Why des the authr discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?
A. T shw the difficulty f their recycling.
B. T explain why they are useful.
C. T vice his views n mdern art.
D. T find a substitute fr them.
18.What effect wuld "Trucklad f Plastic" have n viewers in paragraph 4?
A. Calming.B. ShckingC. RefreshingD. Challenging.
19.What des the text mainly talk abut?
A. Artists' pinins n Plastic safety.
B. Media Interest in cntemprary art.
C. Respnsibility demanded f big cmpanies.
D. Ocean plastics transfrmed int sculptures.
Wh is a genius? This questin has greatly interested humankind fr centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almst the internatinal symbl fr genius. But we want t g beynd ne man and explre the nature f genius itself. Why is it that sme peple are s much mre intelligent r creative than the rest f us? And wh are they?
In the sciences and arts, thse praised as geniuses were mst ften white men, f Eurpean rigin. Perhaps this is nt a surprise. It's said that histry is written by the victrs, and thse victrs set the standards fr admissin t the genius club. When cntributins were made by geniuses utside the club—wmen, r peple f a different clr r belief—they were unacknwledged and rejected by thers.
A study recently published by Science fund that as yung as age six, girls are less likely than bys t say that members f their gender(性别) are "really, really smart." Even wrse, the study fund that girls act n that belief: Arund age six they start t avid activities said t be fr children wh are "really, really smart." Can ur planet affrd t have any great thinkers becme discuraged and give up? It desn't take a genius t knw the answer: abslutely nt.
Here's the gd news. In a wired wrld with cnstant glbal cmmunicatin, we're all psitined t see flashes f genius wherever they appear. And the mre we lk, the mre we will see that scial factrs(因素) like gender, race, and class d nt determine the appearance f genius. As a writer says, future geniuses cme frm thse with "intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple gd frtune, wh are able t change the wrld."
20.What des the authr think f victrs' standards fr jining the genius club?
A. They're unfair.B. They're cnservative.
C. They're bjective.D. They're strict.
21.What can we infer abut girls frm the study in Science?
A. They think themselves smart.
B. They lk up t great thinkers.
C. They see gender differences earlier than bys.
D. They are likely t be influenced by scial beliefs
22.Why are mre geniuses knwn t the public?
A. Imprved glbal cmmunicatin.B. Less discriminatin against wmen.
C. Acceptance f victrs' cncepts.D. Changes in peple's scial psitins.
23.What is the best title fr the text?
A. Geniuses Think AlikeB. Genius Takes Many Frms
C. Genius and IntelligenceD. Genius and Luck
Rainfrests are hme t a rich variety f medicinal plants, fd, birds and animals. Can yu believe that a single bush(灌木丛) in the Amazn may have mre species f ants than the whle f Britain! Abut 480 varieties f trees may be fund in just ne hectare f rainfrest.
Rainfrests are the lungs f the planet-string vast quantities f carbn dixide and prducing a significant amunt f the wrld's xygen. Rainfrests have their wn perfect system fr ensuring their wn survival; the tall trees make a canpy(树冠层) f branches and leaves which prtect themselves, smaller plants, and the frest animals frm heavy rain, intense dry heat frm the sun and strng winds.
Amazingly, the trees grw in such a way that their leaves and branches, althugh clse tgether, never actually tuch thse f anther tree. Scientists think this is the plants' way t prevent the spread f any tree diseases and make life mre difficult fr leaf-eating insects like caterpillars. T survive in the frest, animals must climb, jump r fly acrss the gaps. The grund flr f the frest is nt all tangled leaves and bushes, like in films, but is actually fairly clear. It is where dead leaves turn int fd fr the trees and ther frest life.
They are nt called rainfrests fr nthing! Rainfrests can generate 75% f their wn rain. At least 80 inches f rain a year is nrmal-and in sme areas there may be as much as 430 inches f rain annually. This is real rain—yur umbrella may prtect yu in a shwer, but it wn't keep yu dry if there is a full rainstrm. In just tw hurs, streams can rise ten t twenty feet. The humidity(湿气) f large rainfrests cntributes t the frmatin f raincluds that may travel t ther cuntries in need f rain.
24.What can we learn abut rainfrests frm the first paragraph?
A.They prduce xygen.B.They cver a vast area.
C.They are well managed.D.They are rich in wildlife.
25.Which f the fllwing cntributes mst t the survival f rainfrests?
A.Heavy rainsB.Big trees.C.Small plants.D.Frest animals.
26.Why d the leaves and branches f different trees avid tuching each ther?
A.Fr mre sunlight.B.Fr mre grwing space.
C.Fr self-prtectin.D.Fr the detectin f insects.
27.What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A.Life-Giving RainfrestsB.The Law f the Jungle
C.Animals in the AmaznD.Weather in Rainfrests
U.S. teens spend mre than eight hurs a day n screen, and there's grwing cncern ver hw scial media may affect their mental health. Nw, a new study has fund that limiting screen time t abut ne hur a day helped anxius teens feel better abut their bdy image and their appearance.
The study arse frm the persnal experience f Helen Thai, a dctral student in psychlgy at McGill University. "What I nticed when I was engaging in scial media was that I culdn't help but cmpare myself," Thai says. She was well aware that scial media psts ften feature plished, airbrushed r filtered images that can alter appearances in an unrealistic way, but it still affected her negatively.
S, Thai and a team f researchers decided t test whether cutting time n scial media platfrms including Instagram, TikTk and Snapchat wuld imprve the bdy image. They recruited a few hundred vlunteers, all f whm had experienced symptms f anxiety r depressin, which culd make them vulnerable t the effects f scial media. Half f the participants were asked t reduce their screen time t 60 minutes a day fr three weeks while the ther half cntinued t use scial media with n restrictins, which averaged abut three hurs per day.
The researchers gave the participants surveys at the beginning and end f the study, which included statements such as "I'm pretty happy abut the way I lk." and "I am satisfied with my weight." Amng the grup that cut scial media use, the verall scre n appearance imprved frm 2.95 t 3.15 n a 5 -pint scale. This may seem like a small change, but any shift in such a shrt perid f time is striking, the authrs say.
"The study is encuraging, but it nly included peple wh had symptms f anxiety r depressin. It's wrth evaluating this apprach with ther grups, such as peple with r at risk f eating disrders. It's als pssible that the benefits f cutting back culd extend mre bradly t anyne in this age grup," says Psychlgist Andrea Graham, c-directr f the Center fr Behaviral Interventin Technlgies at Nrthwestern University.
28.What prblem may scial media bring t teenagers accrding t Thai?
A. They may becme addicted t the Internet.
B. They tend t becme sensitive t thers' cmments.
C. They may have unrealistic expectatins f their image.
D. They tend t cmpare themselves with the images psted nline.
29.What can we learn abut the participants during the study?
A. They scred their appearance twice.
B. Half f them stpped using scial media.
C. They hped t imprve their bdy image.
D. Mst f them shwed dissatisfactin with their weight.
30.What did Graham think f the study?
A. It was a gd try but had limitatins.
B. It was well designed but prly cnducted.
C. It was a failure but the methds deserved praise.
D. It was encuraging but the evidence was unreliable.
31.Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Hw Scial Media Changes Teenagers
B. Hw t Help Teenagers Limit Screen time
C. Shrter Screen Time, Better Feelings n Lk
D. Less Anxiety, Better Image
答案以及解析
1.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据小标题ZLights: Glw Wild Jan. 1-19下的段落$11.95 members, $13.95 general admissin.(会员价11.95美元,普通门票价13.95美元)可知,要买到ZLights shw的折扣票,需成为会员。故选B。
2.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据小标题Family Fun Winterfest Jan. 4下的段落OdySea Aquarium in the Desert is hsting the third annual Family Fun Winterfest in its Desert Curtyard, featuring real snw fr the kids t play in.(位于沙漠的OdySea Aquarium正在其Desert Curtyard举办第三届年度家庭趣味冬季活动,以真正的雪为特色,供孩子们玩耍)可知,在Family Fun Winterfest可以享受真正的雪。故选B。
3.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据每段的小标题"ZLights: Glw Wild Jan. 1-19(ZLights: Glw Wild,1月1日到19日) , Dwntwn Mesa Festival f the Arts Jan. 4-18 (Dwntwn Mesa Festival f theArts,1月4日到18日),Family Fun WinterfestJan.4(Family Fun Winterfest,1月4日)和Yuth Fine Arts Curse Jan.18–Mar.7 (Yuth Fine Arts Curse,1月18日到3月7日)可知,四个活动中,持续最长的是Yuth Fine Arts Curse。故选D。
4.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的explre、started t wnder 和第二段中的studying、went back t bserving、asking questins 可以推断出, 约翰·托德自孩童时代就喜欢探究和质疑。故选C。inquiring 意为"爱探索的,好奇的"。故选C。
5.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。本题问的是Jhn 把污泥放进水箱的目的。根据第二段最后一句可知, Jhn 决定建造一个生态箱(ec-machine)。第三段主要讲述了Jhn 的实验过程(把污泥放进水箱里并观察)。第四段描述实验结果—这个生态箱里的动植物把污泥当成食物吃了。由此可推断出, Jhn 把污泥放进水箱的目的是测试他研制的生态箱。故选D。
6.答案：B
解析：推理判断题,考查写作目的。根据题干关键词Fuzhu 可定位到第五段。根据"Jhn has taken n many big jbs" 可知, Jhn 已经承担了很多大型工作。紧接着通过他的发明应用于南伯灵顿和福州的例子来说明他的想法在实践中的应用(applicatin)。故选B。
7.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair"可知Jhn 的研究依据是自然可以进行自我修复。故选A。
8.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段Andria Zafiraku, a nrth Lndn secndary schl teacher, said she wanted t bring abut a classrm revlutin. "We are ging t make a change," she said. "I've started a prject t prmte the teaching f the arts in ur schls."(伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚扎菲拉库(Andria Zafiraku表示,她想掀起场课堂革命。我们将做出改变,她说。"我已经启动了一个项目,以促进我们学校的艺术教学。")可知, Zafiraku打算用自己的奖金运行一个项目。故选C。
9.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段"The prject results frm the difficulties many schls have in getting artists f any srt—whether an up and cming lcal musician r a majr mvie star int schls t wrk with and inspire children.(许多学校很难让任何类型的艺术家无论是当地崭露头角的音乐家还是主要的电影明星—进入学校,与孩子们一起工作并激励他们,因此才有了这个项目。)"可知, Craig Martin认为,英国学校的艺术教学尤其困难。故选A。
10.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段"It is abslutely necessary. The future depends n creativity and creativity depends n the yung.(这是绝对必要的。未来取决于创造力,而创造力取决于年轻人。)"可知, Schama认为学校教育应该强调创造力。故选C。
11.答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第二段"Andria Zafiraku, a nrth Lndn secndary schl teacher," said she wanted t bring abut a classrm revlutin. "We are ging t make a change she said." I've started a prject t prmte the teaching f the arts in ur schls."(伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚扎菲拉库Andria Zafiraku表示,她想掀起一场课堂革命。我们将做出改变,她说。"我已经启动了一个项目,以促进我们学校的艺术教学。")可知,文章讲述了 Andria Zafiraku用自己的奖金启动了一个项目,将艺术家带进学校,促进艺术教学。故选A。
12.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。本题问的是作者是如何应对中西部地区风景摄影师所面临的挑战的。the challenge指的是第一段中的"the crn state lacks gegraphical variatin(艾奥瓦州缺少地理差异)"。再结合题干关键词in the Midwest可定位到第二段。根据"I tend t travel with a few f my friends t state parks r t the cuntryside t g n adventures and take phts alng the way."可知,作者通过去州立公园或乡村拍摄照片来应对这一挑战。故选B。
13.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。题干中的the key与第三段第一句中的decisive同义。根据"Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style f phtgraphy."可知,在合适的时间到达合适的地点是至关重要的。再结合最后一段作者去魔鬼湖(Devil's Lake)拍摄照片留下遗憾的经历可知,风景摄影成功的关键是恰当的时间管理。故选A。
14.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据题干关键词the authr's trip with friends t Devil's Lake可定位到最后一段。根据"We managed t leave this spt t climb higher because f the spare time until sunset. Hwever, we did nt mark the rute s we ended up almst missing the sunset entirely. Once we fund the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time."可知,作者认为时间宽裕,就离开既定的拍摄地点往更高的地方爬了,结果忘记了返回的正确路线,差点错过了要拍摄的落日。由此可推知,他们到达拍摄地点的时间要比预计的晚。故选C。
15.答案：B
解析：推理判断题,考查作者的观点态度。根据最后一段最后一句"Still, lking back n the phts, they are sme f my best shts thugh they culd have been s much better if I wuld have been prepared and managed my time wisely."可知,作者认为,尽管他可以把照片拍得更好,但现在这些照片仍然是自己拍得最好的。由此可推知,这些照片是令作者满意的(satisfying)。故选B。
16.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话"He builds massive sculptures ut f plastic garbage, frcing viewers t re-examine their relatinship t single-use plastic prducts."(他用塑料垃圾建造了巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料制品的关系。)可知，Vn Wng用塑料垃圾制作雕塑，是想让人们重新审视与一次性塑料制品的关系，引起公众对塑料垃圾的关注。故选C。
17.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二句话"Plastic straws are by n means the biggest surce(来源) f plastic pllutin, but they've recently cme under fire because mst peple dn't need them t drink with and, because f their small size and weight, they cannt be recycled."(塑料吸管绝不是塑料污染的最大来源，但最近它们受到了抨击，因为大多数人不需要它们来喝饮料，而且由于它们体积小、重量重，无法回收。)可知，塑料吸管体积小、重量轻，无法回收利用。由此推知，作者在第三段讨论塑料吸管是为了展示它们回收的难度。故选A。
18.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"In a piece frm 2018, Vn Wng wanted t illustrate(说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 secnds, a trucklad's wrth f plastic enters the cean. Fr this wrk, titled 'Trucklad f Plastic,' Vn Wng and a grup f vlunteers cllected mre than 10,000 pieces f plastic, which were then tied tgether t lk like they'd been dumped(倾倒) frm a truck all at nce."(在2018年的一篇文章中,Vn Wng想展示一个具体的统计数据:每60秒,一卡车的塑料进入海洋。在这项名为"一卡车塑料"的工作中,Vn Wng和一群志愿者收集了1万多块塑料,然后将它们绑在一起,看起来就像是从卡车上一下子卸下来的一样。)可推知,这样的景象很有震撼性。故选B。
19.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段"He builds massive sculptures ut f plastic garbage, frcing viewers t re-examine their relatinship t single-use plastic prducts."(他用塑料垃圾建造了大量的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系。)可知，本文主要讲述海洋里的塑料牢记被环保主义者做成一个巨型雕塑，及其震撼，引发了人们对塑料污染的反思。所以D项"海洋塑料变成了雕像。"可以概括文章的主旨。故选D。
20.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句"When cntributins were made by geniuses utside the club—wmen , r peple f a different clr r belief—they were unacknwledged and rejected by thers."(当俱乐部之外的天才—女性、不同肤色或信仰的人—做出贡献时，他们得不到承认，也会被其他人拒绝。)可知，这些标准对女性和不同肤色的人是不公平的，所以A项"它们是不公平的"，符合题意。故选A。
21.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段第二句"Even wrse ,the study fund that girls act n that belief : Arund age six they start t avid activities said t be fr children wh are 'really，really smart'."(更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们会按照这种信念行事：在六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是"非常非常聪明"的孩子才会做的活动。)可知，女孩受到这种信念的影响，在六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是"非常非常聪明"的孩子才会参加的活动，由此可知，她们可能会受到社会信念的影响，D项符合题意。故选D。
22.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句"In a wired wrld with cnstant glbal cmmunicatin, we're all psitined t see flashes f genius wherever they appear."(在一个全球通讯不断的有线世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的闪现。)可知，越来越多的天才被公众了解的原因是更好的全球通讯，A项符合题意。故选A。
23.答案：B
解析：标题归纳题。文章描述了在科学和艺术领域，更多白人会被成为天才，这一领域存在性别和种族歧视的现象。结合文章最后一段第二句"And the mre we lk, the mre we will see that scial factrs(因素) like gender, race, and class d nt determine the appearance f genius."(我们看得越多，就越会发现像性别、种族和阶级这样的社会因素并不能决定天才的外貌。)可知，作者认为性别、种族和阶级这样的社会因素并不能决定天才的外貌，所以B项"天才有多种形式"，符合文意。故选B。
24.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Rainfrests are hme t a rich variety f medicinal plants, fd, birds and animals.(热带雨林蕴藏了丰富多彩的药用植物、食物以及鸟禽猛兽。)可知,热带雨林有丰富的野生动物。故选D。
25.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段Rainfrests have their wn perfect system fr ensuring their wn survival; the tall trees make a canpy(树冠层) f branches and leaves which prtect themselves, smaller plants, and the frest animals frm heavy rain, intense dry heat frm the sun and strng winds.(热带雨林有自己完美的生存体系,高大的树木有枝干,树叶的树冠层保护树木本身、小植物、动物们免受大雨和太阳强风带来的干燥热浪的伤害。)可知,大树有助于热带雨林生存。故选B。
26.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段Scientists think this is the plants' way t prevent the spread f any tree diseases and make life mre difficult fr leaf-eating insects like caterpillars.(科学家们认为这是植物阻止任何树木疾病扩散和让比如毛毛虫这种食用树叶的昆虫难以生存。)可以判断出不同树木的树叶和树枝避免彼此触碰是为了自我保护。故选C。
27.答案：A
解析：标题判断题。本文首先讲述了热带雨林蕴藏了丰富多彩的药用植物、食物以及鸟禽猛兽。其次,热带雨林就是地球之肺—它吸纳了大量的二氧化碳,并制造了全球氧气的很大部分。然后,雨林可以自我形成所需降雨的75%,而庞大的热带雨林湿气则可以形成雨云,这些雨云则可以飘往那些缺雨水的国家。可以判断出本文最佳标题是"给予生命的热带雨林"。故选A。
28.答案： D
解析：细节理解题。根据题干关键词 Thai 可定位到第二段。根据"What I nticed when I was engaging in scial media was that I culdn't help but cmpare myself"和 "scial media psts ften feature plished, airbrushed r filtered images that can alter appearances in an unrealistic way, but it still affected her negatively"可知, Thai 认为社交媒体上经过处理的图片会以不切实际的方式改变外表, 这会对青少年产生负面影响,让青少年将自己与社交媒体上发布的照片进行比较。故选 D。
29.答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的"The researchers gave the participants surveys at the beginning and end f the study, which included statements such as... "可知,研究人员共对参与者进行了两次调查, 分别是在研究开始时和研究结束时; 调研内容包括是否对自己的长相和体重满意 (即对自己的外表进行评价)。故选 A。
30.答案： A
解析：推理判断题,考查文中人物 Graham 的观点态度。根据题干关键词 Graham 可定位到最后一段。根据 "The study is encuraging, but it nly included peple wh had symptms f anxiety r depressin." 可知, Graham 认为这项研究是令人鼓舞的, 但因研究样本仅涉及有焦虑或抑郁症状的人, 所以有局限性。故选 A。
31.答案： C
解析：主旨要义题, 考查最佳标题。首段尾句"... limiting screen time t abut ne hur a day helped anxius teens feel better abut their bdy image and their appearance." 是文章主题句。本文主要介绍了一项研究,研究发现,将每天的屏幕时间控制在一小时左右, 可以帮助焦虑的青少年对自己的体形和外表感觉更好。C 项最能概括文章主旨, 适合做文章标题。故选 C。