语法填空专项-08-宾语从句讲义-2025年广东省深圳中考英语专项

这是一份语法填空专项-08-宾语从句讲义-2025年广东省深圳中考英语专项，共9页。学案主要包含了巩固练习等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一．宾语从句定义：
Bss: I want t see Jack.
Secretary: Yes, sir.
Then the secretary tld Jack that Mr. Harmswrth wuld see him.
由以上对话可知，秘书在向我转述老板的话，当把某人所说的话告诉另外一个人时，应该使用间接引语。间接引语的时态往往受引述动词的影响。引述陈述句时最常用的动词是say和tell，tell后面必须跟表示人称的间接宾语（tell sb.），而say后面则可跟或不跟t+讲话对象。
这种语法现象也叫做宾语从句，即用一个句子来充当宾语
二．宾语从句闯“三关”
第一关：引导词
1.由that 引导的宾语从句。that 只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
例：He said (that) he wanted t stay at hme.
She desn’t knw (that) she is seriusly ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由连接代词wh, whm, whse, what, which 和连接副词when, where, why, hw 引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例：D yu knw wh (whm) they are waiting fr?
He asked whse handwriting was the best.
Can yu tell me where the N.3 bus stp is?
I dn’t knw why the train is late.
3. 由if 或whether 引导的宾语从句。If 和whether 在句中的意思是“是否”。
例：I want t knw if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I culd help him.
【注】if, whether在宾语从句中的区别
1)if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词knw, ask, care, wnder, find ut等之后,介词后一般不用if
2)少数动词,如:leave, put, discus, dubt后的宾语从句常用whether.
3)whether后可以加r nt,但是if不可以.
4)在不定式前只能用whether.
I can’t decide whether t stay. 我不能决定是否留下。
5)避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.
第二关：语序关：宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。
例：I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) yu will like this schl sn.
Can yu tell me hw I can get t z?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
Hw can I get t the statin---Can yu tell me
→Can yu tell me hw I can get t the statin？你能告诉我怎样去车站吗？
What des he like ---I wnder
→I wnder what he likes. 我想知道他喜欢什么。
Where were yu brn ---He asked
→He asked me where I was brn.他问我出生的地方。
第三关：时态关
1. 如果主句的时态是现在的时态（一般现在时和现在进行时），宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。
例：I dn’t think (that) yu are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can yu tell me hw I can get t the railway statin?
如果主句的时态是过去的时态（一般过去时.过去进行时和过去将来时），宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。
例：He asked what time it was.
He tld me that he was preparing fr the sprts meet.
He asked if yu had written t Peter.
He said that he wuld g back t the U.S. sn.
如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时，此时不受主句时态的影响。
例：Our teacher said that January is the first mnth f the year.
Scientists have prved that the earth turns arund the sun.
注：如果真理被表述者说错了，则宾语从句的时态根据主句的时态进行调整；
He said the sun went arund the sun.
口诀：
主现从随意；主过从过去；真理永不变。
课堂练习
I. 将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1．These flwers are frm Guangdng. He said.
He said ____________ these flwers ___________ frm Guangdng.
2. Light travels faster than sund. My teacher tld me.
My teacher tld me ___________ light ____________ faster than sund.
3．There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t knw.
Jack didn’t knw __________ there __________ _________ a meeting in five days.
4．Can they speak French? I want t knw.
I want t knw __________ ___________ ___________ ___________ French.
5．Are the children playing games? Tell me.
Tell me __________ the children __________ __________ games.
6．Have yu finished yur hmewrk yet? Mr. Zha asked Ma Gang.
Mr. Zha asked Ma Gang __________ __________ _________ _________ ________ hmewrk yet.
7．Hw many peple can yu see in the picture? Wh knws?
Wh knws __________ __________ __________ _________ _________ __________ in the picture?
8．Where did she park her car? D yu knw?
D yu knw _________ _________ ________ her car?
9．What des he ften talk abut? The girl wndered.
The girl wndered _________ _________ ften __________ abut.
10. What's wrng with yu? I asked him.
I asked him what __________ __________ _________ __________.
重难点
如何判断宾语从句
1）.从句在动词后做宾语
例：He tld us_______________________________________________
. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。
D yu knw ________________________________________? 你知道这是谁的字典？
He has infrmed me ______________________________________________..
他已经通知我他们将什么时候讨论工作计划。
Give a reading list t whever cmes. 给所有来的人一份阅读书目。
2）从句作介词的宾语
例：He was deeply displeased by __________________________________________________
. 他对那天发生的事感到很不快。
Yur success will largely depend upn____________________________________________
你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。
注：that 引导的宾语从句只用在少数介词后，如：except, in, but 等。此时，that 不能省略。
例：I knw little abut him except ________________________________________________.
我对他知之甚少，只知道他住在楼下。
3）作形容词的宾语
例：I am nt sure _______________________________________ 我不能确定我该做什么。
I'm afraid ____________________________________. 恐怕你没领会我说的意思。
I'm surprised (that)__________________________________________
. 我好奇怪，我以前没见过那一切。
【注】注意be afraid that 和be sure that 等句型是中考中重点五十句型
4) 用it作形式宾语的情况
1．和it 作形式主语一样，我们常用it来作形式宾语，把真正的宾语从句放在句末，这种情况尤其出现在带复合宾语的句子中。
例：We thught it strange that Xia Wang did nt cme yesterday.
我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。
He has made it clear that he will nt give in. 他已表明他不会屈服。

5) 宾语从句的否定转移
当主句是第一人称，在think, cnsider, believe, expect,等动词后的宾语从句，如有否定意思，一般要把否定词前移到主句的语上，从句的谓语用肯定的形式。
例：I dn't think he can d it better than me. 我想他不会干得比我好。
I dn't believe they have finished their wrk yet. 我相信他们还未完成他们的工作。
I dn't suppse he cares, des he? 我想他不会在意的，是吗？
注：当宾语从句出现否定前移的情况时，其反意疑问句须与从句的主.谓语保持一致，注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。反之则和主句的主谓保持一致。
例： I dn't think he will cme, will he?
He thinks that she will cme, desn’t he?
【巩固练习】
1. I dn’t think he had his supper at the schl, _____________?
A. had he B. did he C. d I D. dn’t yu
2. Yu dn’t think he will cme,_________?
A. d yu B. will yu C. will he D. wn’t he
3. I dn’t think it is ging t rain, _____________ it?
A. d I B. d yu C. is D. isn’t
随堂练习
一.单项选择。
1. I dn’t knw ___________r nt.
A. whether he is at hme B. if he is at hme
C. that he is at hme D. whether is he at hme
2. This depends n _________ the weather is fine.
A. which B. whether C. if D. that
3. The teacher asked the new student ________ class he was in.
A. which B. where C. if D. that
4. I dn’t knw ________ Mr. Green will cme t see us. He’ll help us with ur English.
A. why B. when C. hw D. where
5. --- Be careful! Dn’t break the bttles. D yu hear ______ I said? David?
--- Yes, Mum
A. what B. that C. why D. if
6. --- D yu knw _______ Mr. Black’s address is?
--- He may live at NO.18 r N. 19 f Bridge Street. I’m nt sure f ______.
A. where, which B. where, what C. what, which D. what, where
7. There is nt much difference between the tw. I really dn’t knw _____.
A. what shuld I chse B. which I shuld chse
C. which shuld I chse D. what I shuld chse
8. After driving fr five hurs, they arrived at they thught was the place they had been dreaming f.
A．what B．thatC．whichD．where
9. It has been prved taking exercise regularly des gd t ne’s health.
A．whetherB．whenC．whatD．that
10．I suggest yu save yu find with an electrnic bkmark s yu can return t it later.
A．whatB．thatC．hwD．where
二.用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. We are sure that he _____________ (g) t schl tmrrw.
2. D yu knw wh __________ (be) the first man t walk n the mn?
3. Culd yu tell me where the pst ffice __________ (be)?
4. Our father said that he ___________ (will) buy a new cmputer.
5. I hear that he __________ (swim) in the sea yesterday.
6. The little by tells us where his father ___________ (wrk).
7. He said that he _____________ (finish) his wrk already.
8. They thught they culd ____________ (hike) t the tp f the muntain.
9. He was glad that s many peple ___________ (help) him.
10. She desn’t knw whether _____________ (g) r wait.
课后作业
语法填空
一．考察动词
Little Tm ________ (play) cmputer games when his mther gt hme.
The plan__________(give) up because f rain.
The bridge have already____________(repair).
The dctr said Jim must_____________(perate) n at nce.
In the United States, there were 222 peple __________（reprt）t be billinaires in 2003.
It tk me tw weeks _________(finish) reading the nvels ________(write) by Gu Jingming
Yu’d better _______(stay) at hme. It’s raining heavily.
When Tim __________(ask) why he was late fr schl, he just kept silent.
Can yu cme up with a gd way ________(slve) the prblem?
10. I had fun __________(play) chess with my grandfather in the park. yesterday.
2）考察形容词和副词
1. I felt ________(embarrass) when i frgt my wrds n the stage.
2. Yur passwrd is _________(crrect). That’s why yu can’t enter yur e-mail address.
3. D yu knw the________ (mean) f this gesture
4. Of all the subjects, I like Gegraphy ________(well)
5. I was __________(pssible) fr anyne t get in because n ne knew the passwrd.
6. _______________(luck), n ne was injured in the explsin.
7. The answer he gave is rather _________________(surprise).
8.The bk is __________________(difficult) than the ne I read last week
9. Anna wanted t help the ______________(disable) children in hspital.
10. Amy felt it _____________ (surprise) that Tm wn the first prize.
三．阅读理解
(A)
Zhalng is a nature reserve in Heilngjiang in nrtheast China. It is ne f the wrld’s mst imprtant wetlands. The area prvides fd and shelter fr wildlife. It is an ideal hme fr different kinds f plants, fish and birds.
Many birds live cmfrtably in Zhalng Nature Reserve all year rund, while sme nly stay fr a shrt time. There are many fish in the wetlands, and the birds can easily catch them fr fd. Zhalng Nature Reserve is an imprtant living area fr the rare red-crwned cranes. There are nt many red-crwned cranes in the wrld. Sme f them live in Zhalng.
Sme peple want t change the wetlands t make mre space fr farms and buildings. This means that there will be less and less space fr wildlife.
Mre and mre birds are in danger because they d nt have enugh living space. Many f them died. The Chinese gvernment wants t prtect these endangered birds, and they can be safe in Zhalng.
Every year a lt f turists g t Zhalng t watch birds. This year members f ur Bird watching Club are ging t study the different kinds f birds in Zhalng and the changes in their numbers. The study begins next mnth.
We d a bird cunt nce a year. We are nw inviting secndary schl students t help. We need mre peple t help us cunt and d smething t help the birds. Many peple d nt understand the imprtance f the wetlands. We hpe this infrmatin will help them understand and make them actively take actin t prtect wildlife.
1. What is the best title f the passage?
A. Less and Less Space fr Wildlife
B. Many Turists Watch birds in Zhalng Yearly
C. Zhalng is a Famus Scenic Spt
D. Zhalng A Special Place
2. The shelter in the first paragraph means ______.
A. a place t live r stay B. a large z
C. a place t hunt animals D. a large park
3. Which f the fllwing sentences is false?
A. There are a lt f red-crwned cranes in ther parts f the wrld.
B. Sme birds g t Zhalng fr a shrt stay.
C. Zhalng nature reserve is the cmfrtable hme f many birds.
D. Birds can find fd withut difficulty in Zhalng.
4. Why are mre and mre birds endangered? Because _______.
A. many turists watch them B. many f the birds died
C. peple have less and less place D. their living place is less and less
5. This passage is written t ______.
A. ask peple t d smething fr birds.
B. help peple learn abut prtecting wildlife.
C. make peple understand hw imprtant the wetlands are.
D. ask students all ver the wrld t watch birds.
B
Infrmatin is received int ur brain by attentin, and its quality determines (决定) hw well it will be prcessed, saved and used afterwards.
All infrmatin we receive is chsen by ur attentin. Factrs (因素) affecting (影响) ur attentin are persnal interest, experience, ability, feelings, knwledge, envirnment, timing, and s n. The same infrmatin may attract different frms and levels f attentin frm different peple. Sme peple can get and save the infrmatin easily; sme may have great difficulty; while thers may just turn a blind eye t it. T the same infrmatin, ne may even pay different levels f attentin at different times. But if the facts wrk tgether, the quality f attentin may be better. Therefre, it is nt surprising t see that smebdy with average intelligence (智力) can have excellent perfrmances in sme fields.
The gd news is that a persn's attentin can be shaped, trained and made strnger by effective exercise. With this in mind, we shuld keep imprving the quality f ur attentin.
1."it" in Paragraph 1 means _______.
A. infrmatin B. brain C. attentin D. quality
2. All infrmatin we receive depends n _______.
A. infrmatin itself B. ur attentin C. ur intelligence D. the envirnment
3. Which is nt the factr that affects ur attentin accrding t the passage?
A. Interest and experience. B. Experience and knwledge.
C. Ability and feelings. D. Fd and drinks.
4. Abut attentin, which f the fllwing statements is right?
A. Peple always have the same level f attentin.
B. Peple pay the same attentin t the same infrmatin.
C. A persn may pay different levels f attentin t the same infrmatin at different times.
D. All factrs affecting attentin never wrk tgether.
5. Accrding t the passage, _______ can help peple t make their attentin better.
A. speaking mre B. effective exercise C. hard wrk D. high intelligence