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语法专题 专题四 第三讲 并列句和状语从句-2025年高考英语大一轮复习（课件+讲义+练习）
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这是一份语法专题 专题四 第三讲 并列句和状语从句-2025年高考英语大一轮复习（课件+讲义+练习），文件包含语法专题专题四第3讲并列句和状语从句pptx、语法专题专题四第3讲并列句和状语从句教师版docx、语法专题专题四第3讲并列句和状语从句学生版docx等3份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共60页， 欢迎下载使用。
1、抓基础、重应用、强化词句的积累和运用。要求学生重视并充分利用每单元学案、课本上的重点词汇、短语和句型，以及每单元的综合训练，认真对其辨析、总结和归纳，查漏补缺，坚持积累，最重要的是能够在合适的语境中正确、灵活地运用。保证课堂高效。2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏。一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识。学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩。得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节。一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。同时，重视复习效果，做到做一件事，有一点收获。
第3讲 并列句和状语从句
考点精讲二 时间状语从句
考点精讲三 其他状语从句
Xia Ming tk his cellphne t schl and① played cellphne in class，s② his head teacher was very angry.He said t Xia Ming，“Others are studying hard while③ yu are playing hard.Yu either quit schl r break the cellphne.④” Xia Ming didn’t want t break his cellphne but⑤ he culdn’t quit schl either.He thught t himself，“ Break it，r I will be dismissed.⑥” If he was dismissed，nt nly wuld his mther cry but als his father wuld give him a spanking①.
①and，nt (als)...，，等表并列、顺承或递进关系。②fr，s表因果关系。③while作为并列连词，强调两种情况的对比。④r，，等表选择关系。⑤but，yet，whereas等表转折关系。⑥and，r 表条件或结果关系，常用于句型“祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句”中。
上述所有连词在使用时，一定要注意连词所连接的成分都是同样的结构。如果连接单词则两边都是单词，如果连接句子则两边都是句子，如果连接短语则两边都是短语。不能出现一边是连接名词，另一边连接句子或动词短语等其他情况。如：Nt nly can it help yu imprve yur English，but als can help yu find mre friends.(×)Nt nly can it help yu imprve yur English，but als it can help yu find mre friends.(√)
1.nt als...连接的两个并列分句，可使用部分倒装，但只倒装nt nly 引导的分句。Nt nly des she treat us with cnsideratin but als she teaches in a humrus way.她不但对我们体贴，而且还用一种幽默的方式教学。2.使用“祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句”结构时，一定要注意连词的使用，不能遗漏。Walk straight dwn the rad fr abut 300 meters，and yu will see the htel n the right.沿着这条路直走大约三百米，你会发现那个旅馆就在你右手边。
3.when构成的句型。when引导并列句，意为“这时，那时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚要发生或刚刚完成时，突然发生另一件事。(1)sb be ding sth when...某人正在做某事，这时……(2)sb be abut t d sth when...＝sb be n the pint f ding sth when...某人正要做某事，这时……
(3)sb had just dne sth when...某人刚做完某事，这时……Last Mnday，I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an ld man fall ff his bicycle.上周一，我正在街上散步，这时我突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。We were abut t set ff when it suddenly began t rain.＝We were n the pint f setting ff when it suddenly began t rain.我们正打算动身，这时突然下起雨来了。He had just finished writing a reprt when the bss let him type a letter.他刚写完一篇报告，老板就让他打印一封信件。
1.At schl，sme students are active sme are shy，yet they can be gd friends with ne was abut t g ut the telephne yur dctr’s advice， yur cugh will get plays basketball well， his favrite sprt is is very smart， many f his classmates like him.
One Saturday mrning，when I was listening t my favrite sngs①，my mther asked me t d my hmewrk first.Hwever，as sn as she left②，I turned n my MP3 again.I didn’t start t d my hmewrk until I heard smebdy pening the dr.③Hardly had I taken ut my pen when my mther came back.④ My mum said angrily，“Every time I g ut⑤，yu will d ther things instead f ding yur hmewrk.It has been tw hurs since I left⑥.Hw much hmewrk had yu finished by the time I entered the rm⑦？ Yu began t d ther things the mment I stepped ut f the rm⑧，didn’t yu？” It was half an hur befre she stpped sclding me⑨.I hpe I will get rid f the bad habits as time ges by⑩.I prmise I will nt d the same thing when she ges ut next time①.
①when当……时候②as sn as 一……就……③直到……才……④
⑤every time后面直接跟句子，相同用法的还有the first time，next time等
⑥since 自从……起，主句用现在完成时⑦by the time 到……时候为止，主句常常与完成时连用⑧the mment 后面直接跟句子，意为“一……就……”，相同用法的还有the minute，the instant，directly，immediately，instantly⑨befre到……为止，在……之前⑩as随着
1.“by＋过去的时间”引导的时间状语从句：主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；主句用将来完成时，从句用一般现在时或现在完成时。I had remembered abut 2,000 wrds by the time I graduated frm junir high schl.到初中毕业为止，我已经记了大约两千个单词了。By the time yu cme back，we will have finished the jb.到你回来的时候，我们将已经完成了这项工作。
2.befre的特殊用法。(1)It will be＋时间段＋befre从句(一般现在时)It will be fur hurs befre his flight arrives.要过四个小时之后，他的航班才会抵达。(2)It＋was＋时间段＋befre从句(一般过去时)It was ten years befre the cuple met again.十年之后，这对夫妇才再次相见。
3.since引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来”，常用结构为“It is/has been＋一段时间＋since...”(从句用一般过去时)。It is fur years since the war brke ut.自战争爆发以来已有四年了。
4.till/until的用法。till/until用于肯定句，表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；表示“直到……才……”，nt所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until 可用于句首，而till 不能用于句首。If yu dn’t understand smething，yu may research，study，and talk t ther peple until yu figure it ut.如果你有不懂的东西，你可以研究、学习以及和其他人进行交谈，直到你把它弄明白。She didn’t start the lessn until the pupils settled dwn.直到学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。
5.表示“一……就……”的连词(短语)。(1)as sn as，the mment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directly，instantly等。The mment my aunt gained her diplma after fur years f hard wrk，she was filled with jy.我姑姑苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。(2)在，n 结构中，主句用过去完成时，when或than所在的从句用一般过去时。I had hardly gt t the ffice when my wife phned me t g back hme at nce.我一到办公室，妻子就打电话让我马上回家。
1.Nt we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile in pllutin is getting mre and mre serius，s we must take actin _______ it is t had n sner finished his speech the students started shpkeeper infrms us that it will be a week ur package is has been ages Jack became a member f the famus club.
I failed t pass the exam yesterday because I was careless①.I was s sad that tears came ut f my eyes.② My teacher nticed this and called me t her ffice.“Thugh yu’re clever③，yu didn’t perfrm as well as yur deskmate did this time④.Why? He will make a mark where he makes a mistake⑤ and figure it ut in his ntebk.If yu crrect yur mistakes⑥ as he des⑦ after the exam，yu will make great prgress next time.” I must learn frm my deskmate s that I can pass the exam next time.⑧
①为原因状语从句②为结果状语从句③为让步状语从句④为比较状语从句⑤为地点状语从句⑥为条件状语从句⑦为方式状语从句⑧为目的状语从句
1.让步状语从句(1)althugh引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；thugh引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序；as引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序，即将从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。Althugh/Thugh he may be trubled，he always presents a calm smiling face.尽管他可能会遇到麻烦，但他总是露出平静的笑脸。Child as/thugh he is，he has helped me a lt.尽管他是个孩子，他却帮了我很多忙。
(2)althugh与thugh都可以与yet，still，nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。Althugh/Thugh it was raining hard，yet they went n playing ftball.虽然雨下得很大，但他们还是继续踢足球。(3)while引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。While I admit that there are prblems，I dn’t agree that they cannt be slved.尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意这些问题不能解决。
(4)n matter wh(what，when，which，hw等)引导让步状语从句时，相当于“wh(what，when，which，hw等)＋-ever”，表示“无论何人(什么，何时，哪个/些，怎样等)”。He keeps taking exercise n matter hw cld it is.不管天气有多冷，他都坚持锻炼。Whatever wrk we d，we shuld d ur best.不管做什么工作，我们都应尽全力。(5)引导让步状语从句时，意为“不管……，还是……”。Whether he cmes here r we g there，the tpic f the discussin will remain unchanged.不管他来这儿还是我们去那儿，讨论的话题都会保持不变。
(6)even if/thugh引导的让步状语从句even if/thugh引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。Tim is in gd shape physically even thugh/if he desn’t get much exercise.即使蒂姆不怎么锻炼，他的身体状况也很好。
2.目的状语从句(1)in rder that与s that引导的目的状语从句in rder that比s that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后；而s that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。Speak luder s that/in rder that the peple in the hall can all hear yu.大点声讲，以便大厅里的人都能听见。In rder that we get there n time，we shuld set ut early.为了准时赶到那里，我们应该早点出发。
(2)fr fear that与in case引导的目的状语从句fr fear that表示“唯恐；生怕”；in case表示“以免，以防”。Leave yur key with yur neighbr in case yu lck yurself ut ne day.留一把钥匙给你的邻居，以防哪天你把自己锁在门外。
形容词/副词形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数many/much/few/little(少)＋名词
He earned s little mney that he culdn’t supprt his family.他挣如此少的钱，以至于养不起家。
a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数形容词＋可数名词复数/不可数名词a lt f/lts f＋名词)
He is such a learned persn that we all admire him very much.＝He is s learned a persn that we all admire him very much.他是如此知识渊博的一个人，以至于我们都非常欣赏他。注意：当“s＋adj./adv.”或“such＋n.”置于句首时，主句要部分倒装。S anxius am I that I can’t sleep until deep int the night.我是如此焦虑以至于直到深夜我才能睡着。
(3)s that也可以引导结果状语从句，从句中往往没有情态动词，而且主从句之间常用逗号隔开。He didn’t bey the cntract，s that he was fined.他没有遵守合约，因此他被罚了款。
4.条件状语从句if，unless，s/as lng as，in case，n cnditin that，suppsing/suppse (that)等都可以引导条件状语从句。条件状语从句要注意“主将从现”的用法。unless意义上等于if nt，在应用时如果不把握可以用if nt 替换一下，讲得通的话，才能使用unless。Yu’ll fail the exam unless yu study hard.除非你努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。5.地点状语从句where意为“在某个地方”；wherever意为“无论在哪里”。 Yu can sit wherever yu like.你喜欢坐哪儿都可以。
6.原因状语从句because意为“因为”，语气强烈，表示事情发生的直接原因，常用来回答why的提问；since意为“既然，由于”，语气较弱，通常置于句首，表示说话双方都知道的原因；as表示双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因，含义与since相同，但语气更弱；nw that意为“既然，由于”，用已成事实的原因作为前提。Nw that yu’ve grwn up，yu must learn t stand n yur wn feet.你既然已经长大成人，就得学会独立生活。
1.Well，I’m wrking n a huge assignment and I dn’t d well，it will ruin my reputatin as an excellent accuntant!2. she ges，there are crwds f peple waiting t see the dg is，it is quite gentle and guests are seated at the table，hsts may serve the fd，r it may be passed s each persn may help himself.
5.Enjying a fresh mrning is imprtant it can set the md fr the rest f the speaks s slwly and strangely it takes patience t understand what he is treat her as she were their lng as insects happen t tuch the webs，n matter hard they try，they can’t escape.
1.In a study f 33 years f trends in Bdy Mass Index(体重指数) acrss 200 cuntries，the scientists fund that peple wrldwide are getting heavier that mst f the rise is due t gains in BMI in rural areas.(2021·浙江1月)2. sme peple are mtivated by a need fr success，thers are mtivated by a fear f failure.3.I really enjy listening t music it helps me relax and takes my mind away frm ther cares f the need t get t the rt f the prblem we can slve it.
1.The explsin rcked the lake with such a frce dead fish immediately began t additin，frests have been decreasing rapidly t many trees have been cut yu lk at the utside f a Huizhu huse，it seems enclsed(封闭的) by walls， the inside is pen and the past decade，he has been phtgraphing the city，capturing its beauty sharing these phts nline and in exhibitins.
5.I had hardly sat dwn n the train and pened a bar f chclate _____ an ld man with huge bags sat dwn acrss frm yu visit Nepal，yu will find Nepalese ften greet each ther with the hands pressed tgether instead f shaking hands， in Nrth America and the U.K.，peple greet ne anther by shaking the state f Iwa， yu live mre than a mile away frm schl yu can get a schl permit.
8.Ten years later I still keep in tuch with my classmates，__________________ I’ve never met them after fr nw，they all have t pstpne their plans the winter strms remember that it is unwise t trust him， he says.
thugh/althugh
1.During China’s dynastic perid，emperrs planned the city f Beijing ____ arranged the residential areas accrding t scial classes.(2023·浙江1月)2.It is a distinct visual cntrast(反差) that shuldn’t wrk，_________ smehw these tw very different wrlds make a gd cmbinatin.(2023·全国乙)
3.T eat ne，yu have t decide whether t bite a small hle in it first，releasing the steam and risking a spill(溢出)， t put the whle dumpling in yur muth，letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue(舌头).(2023·新课标Ⅰ)4.Feeling fearful is healthy it helps yu slw dwn and evaluate risks prperly.(2021·天津6月)5.We all need t get invlved in saving energy it’s at wrk，at hme，r at schl.(2021·天津3月)
6.It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept the late 1980s.(2021·全国乙)7.They kept their cllectin at hme until it gt t big until they died，and then it was given t a museum.(2020·新课标Ⅰ)8. he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary(传奇的) artist，they smiled and pinted dwn the river.(2020·全国Ⅲ)
9.—Why d peple like pp music? I hate it s much.—Even it is nt yur style，that desn’t mean it is bad.(2020·天津7月)10.Tm is s independent that he never asks his parents’ pinin he wants their supprt.(2019·天津6月)
Few peple I knw seem t have much desire r time t ck.Making Chinese dishes is seen as especially trublesme.Many westerners 1.________cme t China ck much less 2. in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap it can be t eat ut.I still remember 3._______ (visit) a friend wh’d lived here fr five years and I was shcked 4. I learnt she hadn’t cked nce in all that time.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。作者分析了外出就餐的代价，并建议我们要尝试自己做饭，这样做不仅对自身健康有好处还能节约开支。
1.考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是westerners(西方人)，用wh或that引导限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。2.考查连词。根据句意可知，此处为比较级，故填than。3.考查动名词作宾语。remember ding sth记得做过某事。4.考查连词。此处为时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，故用when。
5. regularly eating ut seems t have becme cmmn fr many yung peple in recent years，it’s nt withut a cst.The bvius ne is mney；eating ut nce r twice a week may be affrdable 6. ding this mst days adds up.There culd be an even 7._______(high) cst n yur health.Researchers have fund that there is a direct link between the increase in fd eaten utside the hme and the rise in weight prblems.
While/Thugh/Althugh
5.考查连词。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”；句首单词首字母需大写，故填While/Thugh/Althugh。6.考查连词。前后语义为转折关系，故填but。7.考查形容词的比较级。“副词even＋比较级”表示“更……”，强调程度。
8. yu are nt ging t suffer this prblem，then I suggest that the next time yu g t yur mum’s hme 9. dinner，get a few cking tips frm her.Cking fd can be fun.Yu might als begin t ntice the effects nt nly n yur health 10. in yur pcket.
8.考查条件状语从句。根据句意可知填if，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填If。9.考查介词。g t yur mum’s hme fr dinner去你妈妈家吃饭。fr表示目的，意为“为了要，为了得到”。10.考查连词。nt (als)...不但……而且……，为固定搭配，als可省略。故填but。
1.nt (als)...倒装
运用 (2022·全国甲)海洋不仅给我们提供了充足的食物，而且它还保持了自然的平衡。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
典例 (2023·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)从那时起，我不仅掌握了良好的写作能力，而且我也知道了一个真理：恐惧永远不会建立未来，但希望可以。Frm then n，nt nly did I have a gd cmmand f writing，but I als knew the truth—fear never builds the future，but hpe des.
Nt nly des the cean ffer us sufficient fd，but it als maintains the balance f nature.
2.祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句
运用 (2021·浙江6月)来参观展览吧，你将会享受一场视觉盛宴。_______________________________________________________________
典例 (2019·北京)提前从网上预订票和房间，你会有更多的时间去观光。Bk tickets and rms nline in advance，and yu will have mre time t g sightseeing.
Cme t the exhibitin，and yu will enjy a visual feast.
运用 (2023·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)写作对我来说是如此困难和痛苦，以至于我的老师允许我通过表演一出戏剧来展示我的关于“泰坦尼克号”沉没的论文，我在剧中扮演了所有角色。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
典例 (2022·新课标Ⅰ)你在英语口语方面如此精通，我们都将从你的演讲中受益匪浅。Yu are s expert at spken English that we all will benefit much frm yur speech.
S difficult and painful fr me was writing that my teacher had allwed me t present my paper n the sinking f the Titanic by acting ut a play，where I played all the parts.
运用 (2017·浙江11月)我们正在找地方搭帐篷，这时妈妈告诉我们她忘了带帐篷。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
典例 (2017·浙江6月)马克正在想接下来该怎么办，正在那时，一只手把他拉进了车里。Mac was wndering what t d next when a hand pulled him int the car.
We were lking fr a place t put up the tent when Mther tld us that she had frgtten t take it.
1、抓基础、重应用、强化词句的积累和运用。要求学生重视并充分利用每单元学案、课本上的重点词汇、短语和句型，以及每单元的综合训练，认真对其辨析、总结和归纳，查漏补缺，坚持积累，最重要的是能够在合适的语境中正确、灵活地运用。保证课堂高效。2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏。一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识。学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩。得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节。一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。同时，重视复习效果，做到做一件事，有一点收获。
第3讲 并列句和状语从句
考点精讲二 时间状语从句
考点精讲三 其他状语从句
Xia Ming tk his cellphne t schl and① played cellphne in class，s② his head teacher was very angry.He said t Xia Ming，“Others are studying hard while③ yu are playing hard.Yu either quit schl r break the cellphne.④” Xia Ming didn’t want t break his cellphne but⑤ he culdn’t quit schl either.He thught t himself，“ Break it，r I will be dismissed.⑥” If he was dismissed，nt nly wuld his mther cry but als his father wuld give him a spanking①.
①and，nt (als)...，，等表并列、顺承或递进关系。②fr，s表因果关系。③while作为并列连词，强调两种情况的对比。④r，，等表选择关系。⑤but，yet，whereas等表转折关系。⑥and，r 表条件或结果关系，常用于句型“祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句”中。
上述所有连词在使用时，一定要注意连词所连接的成分都是同样的结构。如果连接单词则两边都是单词，如果连接句子则两边都是句子，如果连接短语则两边都是短语。不能出现一边是连接名词，另一边连接句子或动词短语等其他情况。如：Nt nly can it help yu imprve yur English，but als can help yu find mre friends.(×)Nt nly can it help yu imprve yur English，but als it can help yu find mre friends.(√)
1.nt als...连接的两个并列分句，可使用部分倒装，但只倒装nt nly 引导的分句。Nt nly des she treat us with cnsideratin but als she teaches in a humrus way.她不但对我们体贴，而且还用一种幽默的方式教学。2.使用“祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句”结构时，一定要注意连词的使用，不能遗漏。Walk straight dwn the rad fr abut 300 meters，and yu will see the htel n the right.沿着这条路直走大约三百米，你会发现那个旅馆就在你右手边。
3.when构成的句型。when引导并列句，意为“这时，那时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚要发生或刚刚完成时，突然发生另一件事。(1)sb be ding sth when...某人正在做某事，这时……(2)sb be abut t d sth when...＝sb be n the pint f ding sth when...某人正要做某事，这时……
(3)sb had just dne sth when...某人刚做完某事，这时……Last Mnday，I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an ld man fall ff his bicycle.上周一，我正在街上散步，这时我突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。We were abut t set ff when it suddenly began t rain.＝We were n the pint f setting ff when it suddenly began t rain.我们正打算动身，这时突然下起雨来了。He had just finished writing a reprt when the bss let him type a letter.他刚写完一篇报告，老板就让他打印一封信件。
1.At schl，sme students are active sme are shy，yet they can be gd friends with ne was abut t g ut the telephne yur dctr’s advice， yur cugh will get plays basketball well， his favrite sprt is is very smart， many f his classmates like him.
One Saturday mrning，when I was listening t my favrite sngs①，my mther asked me t d my hmewrk first.Hwever，as sn as she left②，I turned n my MP3 again.I didn’t start t d my hmewrk until I heard smebdy pening the dr.③Hardly had I taken ut my pen when my mther came back.④ My mum said angrily，“Every time I g ut⑤，yu will d ther things instead f ding yur hmewrk.It has been tw hurs since I left⑥.Hw much hmewrk had yu finished by the time I entered the rm⑦？ Yu began t d ther things the mment I stepped ut f the rm⑧，didn’t yu？” It was half an hur befre she stpped sclding me⑨.I hpe I will get rid f the bad habits as time ges by⑩.I prmise I will nt d the same thing when she ges ut next time①.
①when当……时候②as sn as 一……就……③直到……才……④
⑤every time后面直接跟句子，相同用法的还有the first time，next time等
⑥since 自从……起，主句用现在完成时⑦by the time 到……时候为止，主句常常与完成时连用⑧the mment 后面直接跟句子，意为“一……就……”，相同用法的还有the minute，the instant，directly，immediately，instantly⑨befre到……为止，在……之前⑩as随着
1.“by＋过去的时间”引导的时间状语从句：主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；主句用将来完成时，从句用一般现在时或现在完成时。I had remembered abut 2,000 wrds by the time I graduated frm junir high schl.到初中毕业为止，我已经记了大约两千个单词了。By the time yu cme back，we will have finished the jb.到你回来的时候，我们将已经完成了这项工作。
2.befre的特殊用法。(1)It will be＋时间段＋befre从句(一般现在时)It will be fur hurs befre his flight arrives.要过四个小时之后，他的航班才会抵达。(2)It＋was＋时间段＋befre从句(一般过去时)It was ten years befre the cuple met again.十年之后，这对夫妇才再次相见。
3.since引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来”，常用结构为“It is/has been＋一段时间＋since...”(从句用一般过去时)。It is fur years since the war brke ut.自战争爆发以来已有四年了。
4.till/until的用法。till/until用于肯定句，表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；表示“直到……才……”，nt所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until 可用于句首，而till 不能用于句首。If yu dn’t understand smething，yu may research，study，and talk t ther peple until yu figure it ut.如果你有不懂的东西，你可以研究、学习以及和其他人进行交谈，直到你把它弄明白。She didn’t start the lessn until the pupils settled dwn.直到学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。
5.表示“一……就……”的连词(短语)。(1)as sn as，the mment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directly，instantly等。The mment my aunt gained her diplma after fur years f hard wrk，she was filled with jy.我姑姑苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。(2)在，n 结构中，主句用过去完成时，when或than所在的从句用一般过去时。I had hardly gt t the ffice when my wife phned me t g back hme at nce.我一到办公室，妻子就打电话让我马上回家。
1.Nt we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile in pllutin is getting mre and mre serius，s we must take actin _______ it is t had n sner finished his speech the students started shpkeeper infrms us that it will be a week ur package is has been ages Jack became a member f the famus club.
I failed t pass the exam yesterday because I was careless①.I was s sad that tears came ut f my eyes.② My teacher nticed this and called me t her ffice.“Thugh yu’re clever③，yu didn’t perfrm as well as yur deskmate did this time④.Why? He will make a mark where he makes a mistake⑤ and figure it ut in his ntebk.If yu crrect yur mistakes⑥ as he des⑦ after the exam，yu will make great prgress next time.” I must learn frm my deskmate s that I can pass the exam next time.⑧
①为原因状语从句②为结果状语从句③为让步状语从句④为比较状语从句⑤为地点状语从句⑥为条件状语从句⑦为方式状语从句⑧为目的状语从句
1.让步状语从句(1)althugh引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；thugh引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序；as引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序，即将从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。Althugh/Thugh he may be trubled，he always presents a calm smiling face.尽管他可能会遇到麻烦，但他总是露出平静的笑脸。Child as/thugh he is，he has helped me a lt.尽管他是个孩子，他却帮了我很多忙。
(2)althugh与thugh都可以与yet，still，nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。Althugh/Thugh it was raining hard，yet they went n playing ftball.虽然雨下得很大，但他们还是继续踢足球。(3)while引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。While I admit that there are prblems，I dn’t agree that they cannt be slved.尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意这些问题不能解决。
(4)n matter wh(what，when，which，hw等)引导让步状语从句时，相当于“wh(what，when，which，hw等)＋-ever”，表示“无论何人(什么，何时，哪个/些，怎样等)”。He keeps taking exercise n matter hw cld it is.不管天气有多冷，他都坚持锻炼。Whatever wrk we d，we shuld d ur best.不管做什么工作，我们都应尽全力。(5)引导让步状语从句时，意为“不管……，还是……”。Whether he cmes here r we g there，the tpic f the discussin will remain unchanged.不管他来这儿还是我们去那儿，讨论的话题都会保持不变。
(6)even if/thugh引导的让步状语从句even if/thugh引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。Tim is in gd shape physically even thugh/if he desn’t get much exercise.即使蒂姆不怎么锻炼，他的身体状况也很好。
2.目的状语从句(1)in rder that与s that引导的目的状语从句in rder that比s that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后；而s that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。Speak luder s that/in rder that the peple in the hall can all hear yu.大点声讲，以便大厅里的人都能听见。In rder that we get there n time，we shuld set ut early.为了准时赶到那里，我们应该早点出发。
(2)fr fear that与in case引导的目的状语从句fr fear that表示“唯恐；生怕”；in case表示“以免，以防”。Leave yur key with yur neighbr in case yu lck yurself ut ne day.留一把钥匙给你的邻居，以防哪天你把自己锁在门外。
形容词/副词形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数many/much/few/little(少)＋名词
He earned s little mney that he culdn’t supprt his family.他挣如此少的钱，以至于养不起家。
a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数形容词＋可数名词复数/不可数名词a lt f/lts f＋名词)
He is such a learned persn that we all admire him very much.＝He is s learned a persn that we all admire him very much.他是如此知识渊博的一个人，以至于我们都非常欣赏他。注意：当“s＋adj./adv.”或“such＋n.”置于句首时，主句要部分倒装。S anxius am I that I can’t sleep until deep int the night.我是如此焦虑以至于直到深夜我才能睡着。
(3)s that也可以引导结果状语从句，从句中往往没有情态动词，而且主从句之间常用逗号隔开。He didn’t bey the cntract，s that he was fined.他没有遵守合约，因此他被罚了款。
4.条件状语从句if，unless，s/as lng as，in case，n cnditin that，suppsing/suppse (that)等都可以引导条件状语从句。条件状语从句要注意“主将从现”的用法。unless意义上等于if nt，在应用时如果不把握可以用if nt 替换一下，讲得通的话，才能使用unless。Yu’ll fail the exam unless yu study hard.除非你努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。5.地点状语从句where意为“在某个地方”；wherever意为“无论在哪里”。 Yu can sit wherever yu like.你喜欢坐哪儿都可以。
6.原因状语从句because意为“因为”，语气强烈，表示事情发生的直接原因，常用来回答why的提问；since意为“既然，由于”，语气较弱，通常置于句首，表示说话双方都知道的原因；as表示双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因，含义与since相同，但语气更弱；nw that意为“既然，由于”，用已成事实的原因作为前提。Nw that yu’ve grwn up，yu must learn t stand n yur wn feet.你既然已经长大成人，就得学会独立生活。
1.Well，I’m wrking n a huge assignment and I dn’t d well，it will ruin my reputatin as an excellent accuntant!2. she ges，there are crwds f peple waiting t see the dg is，it is quite gentle and guests are seated at the table，hsts may serve the fd，r it may be passed s each persn may help himself.
5.Enjying a fresh mrning is imprtant it can set the md fr the rest f the speaks s slwly and strangely it takes patience t understand what he is treat her as she were their lng as insects happen t tuch the webs，n matter hard they try，they can’t escape.
1.In a study f 33 years f trends in Bdy Mass Index(体重指数) acrss 200 cuntries，the scientists fund that peple wrldwide are getting heavier that mst f the rise is due t gains in BMI in rural areas.(2021·浙江1月)2. sme peple are mtivated by a need fr success，thers are mtivated by a fear f failure.3.I really enjy listening t music it helps me relax and takes my mind away frm ther cares f the need t get t the rt f the prblem we can slve it.
1.The explsin rcked the lake with such a frce dead fish immediately began t additin，frests have been decreasing rapidly t many trees have been cut yu lk at the utside f a Huizhu huse，it seems enclsed(封闭的) by walls， the inside is pen and the past decade，he has been phtgraphing the city，capturing its beauty sharing these phts nline and in exhibitins.
5.I had hardly sat dwn n the train and pened a bar f chclate _____ an ld man with huge bags sat dwn acrss frm yu visit Nepal，yu will find Nepalese ften greet each ther with the hands pressed tgether instead f shaking hands， in Nrth America and the U.K.，peple greet ne anther by shaking the state f Iwa， yu live mre than a mile away frm schl yu can get a schl permit.
8.Ten years later I still keep in tuch with my classmates，__________________ I’ve never met them after fr nw，they all have t pstpne their plans the winter strms remember that it is unwise t trust him， he says.
thugh/althugh
1.During China’s dynastic perid，emperrs planned the city f Beijing ____ arranged the residential areas accrding t scial classes.(2023·浙江1月)2.It is a distinct visual cntrast(反差) that shuldn’t wrk，_________ smehw these tw very different wrlds make a gd cmbinatin.(2023·全国乙)
3.T eat ne，yu have t decide whether t bite a small hle in it first，releasing the steam and risking a spill(溢出)， t put the whle dumpling in yur muth，letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue(舌头).(2023·新课标Ⅰ)4.Feeling fearful is healthy it helps yu slw dwn and evaluate risks prperly.(2021·天津6月)5.We all need t get invlved in saving energy it’s at wrk，at hme，r at schl.(2021·天津3月)
6.It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept the late 1980s.(2021·全国乙)7.They kept their cllectin at hme until it gt t big until they died，and then it was given t a museum.(2020·新课标Ⅰ)8. he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary(传奇的) artist，they smiled and pinted dwn the river.(2020·全国Ⅲ)
9.—Why d peple like pp music? I hate it s much.—Even it is nt yur style，that desn’t mean it is bad.(2020·天津7月)10.Tm is s independent that he never asks his parents’ pinin he wants their supprt.(2019·天津6月)
Few peple I knw seem t have much desire r time t ck.Making Chinese dishes is seen as especially trublesme.Many westerners 1.________cme t China ck much less 2. in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap it can be t eat ut.I still remember 3._______ (visit) a friend wh’d lived here fr five years and I was shcked 4. I learnt she hadn’t cked nce in all that time.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。作者分析了外出就餐的代价，并建议我们要尝试自己做饭，这样做不仅对自身健康有好处还能节约开支。
1.考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是westerners(西方人)，用wh或that引导限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。2.考查连词。根据句意可知，此处为比较级，故填than。3.考查动名词作宾语。remember ding sth记得做过某事。4.考查连词。此处为时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，故用when。
5. regularly eating ut seems t have becme cmmn fr many yung peple in recent years，it’s nt withut a cst.The bvius ne is mney；eating ut nce r twice a week may be affrdable 6. ding this mst days adds up.There culd be an even 7._______(high) cst n yur health.Researchers have fund that there is a direct link between the increase in fd eaten utside the hme and the rise in weight prblems.
While/Thugh/Althugh
5.考查连词。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”；句首单词首字母需大写，故填While/Thugh/Althugh。6.考查连词。前后语义为转折关系，故填but。7.考查形容词的比较级。“副词even＋比较级”表示“更……”，强调程度。
8. yu are nt ging t suffer this prblem，then I suggest that the next time yu g t yur mum’s hme 9. dinner，get a few cking tips frm her.Cking fd can be fun.Yu might als begin t ntice the effects nt nly n yur health 10. in yur pcket.
8.考查条件状语从句。根据句意可知填if，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填If。9.考查介词。g t yur mum’s hme fr dinner去你妈妈家吃饭。fr表示目的，意为“为了要，为了得到”。10.考查连词。nt (als)...不但……而且……，为固定搭配，als可省略。故填but。
1.nt (als)...倒装
运用 (2022·全国甲)海洋不仅给我们提供了充足的食物，而且它还保持了自然的平衡。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
典例 (2023·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)从那时起，我不仅掌握了良好的写作能力，而且我也知道了一个真理：恐惧永远不会建立未来，但希望可以。Frm then n，nt nly did I have a gd cmmand f writing，but I als knew the truth—fear never builds the future，but hpe des.
Nt nly des the cean ffer us sufficient fd，but it als maintains the balance f nature.
2.祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句
运用 (2021·浙江6月)来参观展览吧，你将会享受一场视觉盛宴。_______________________________________________________________
典例 (2019·北京)提前从网上预订票和房间，你会有更多的时间去观光。Bk tickets and rms nline in advance，and yu will have mre time t g sightseeing.
Cme t the exhibitin，and yu will enjy a visual feast.
运用 (2023·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)写作对我来说是如此困难和痛苦，以至于我的老师允许我通过表演一出戏剧来展示我的关于“泰坦尼克号”沉没的论文，我在剧中扮演了所有角色。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
典例 (2022·新课标Ⅰ)你在英语口语方面如此精通，我们都将从你的演讲中受益匪浅。Yu are s expert at spken English that we all will benefit much frm yur speech.
S difficult and painful fr me was writing that my teacher had allwed me t present my paper n the sinking f the Titanic by acting ut a play，where I played all the parts.
运用 (2017·浙江11月)我们正在找地方搭帐篷，这时妈妈告诉我们她忘了带帐篷。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
典例 (2017·浙江6月)马克正在想接下来该怎么办，正在那时，一只手把他拉进了车里。Mac was wndering what t d next when a hand pulled him int the car.
We were lking fr a place t put up the tent when Mther tld us that she had frgtten t take it.
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