2024湖南省高三年级入学考试英语试卷

这是一份2024湖南省高三年级入学考试英语试卷，共6页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt？
A. £19.15.B. £9.18. C. £9. 15.
答案是 C。
1. What happened t the wman？
A. She avided the bad weather.
B. She didn’t get back in time.
C. She decided t visit the man 14 days later.
2. What d we knw abut Anne？
A. She has waited fr the speakers three times.
B. It’s the third time she has shwn up late.
C. She will drive 50 miles t meet the speakers.
3. What des the wman think f the man’s idea？
A. Interesting. B. Exciting. C. Unreasnable.
4. Hw much shuld ther peple pay fr the bed？
A.500 yuan. B. 750 yuan. C. 1,000 yuan.
5. Wh telephned the man？
A. Mr. Brwn.B. Mr. White. C. Miss Grey.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers？
A. Father and daughter. B. Operatr and patient. C. Mther and sn.
7. When will the man arrive at the dctr’s？
A. At 3 00 pm. B. At 4:00 pm. C. At 5:00 pm.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why des the man cme t the cmpany？
A. T meet a client. B. T meet a friend. C. T have a jb interview.
9. Wh will shw the man arund？
A. Shelly. B. Sarah. C. Mr. Jhnsn.
10. Hw will the man get the result？
A. By reading an email sent by the cmpany.
B. By checking the cmpany’s web himself.
C. By receiving a call frm the cmpany.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What des the wman ask the man t d？
A. Call a taxi fr her.
B. Take gd care f the huse.
C. See sme new designs with her.
12. What is the weather prbably like in Italy nw？
A. Sunny and warm. B. Windy and dry. C. Rainy and cl.
13. Why will the wman g t Italy？
A. T g n a business trip. B. T shw her wrks. C. T spend a hliday.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What will Kate d next week？
A. Buy a mtrbike.
B. Buy a new car.
C. Have her eighteenth birthday.
15. What des Kate want t learn？
A. Singing. B. Car driving. C. Mtrbike driving.
16. Wh is Linda？
A. The man’s daughter. B. Kate’s classmate. C. Kate’s mm.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did the man d every day？
A. He built his huse.
B. He drank frm the river.
C. He walked thrugh the frest.
18. What bthered the man that night？
A. Nthing in his huse culd stp his thirst.
B. He felt hungry and ate everything he had.
C. His neighbur came t visit him.
19. What did the man receive frm the neighbur？
A. Bread.B. Beer. C. Fruit.
20. What can we learn frm the stry？
A. The key may lie where we initially ignred it.
B. Stepping utside can lead t unexpected success.
C. The pprtunity exists in the chices yu make.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Yur Harvard Summer Schl Experience
Harvard Summer Schl ffers mre than 400 curses fr cllege students in mre than 60 different subject areas. Our pen-enrllment curses are ffered in a variety f adaptable frmats, s yu can find the ptin that wrks best with yur busy schedule.
In ur classrms—whether in persn r nline—yu’ll find:
·Harvard faculty and industry experts dedicated t helping yu expand yur skills and sparking intellectual curisity
·A rigrus learning envirnment filled with rich interactins
·An intensive curriculum designed t be cmpleted in a shrter summer sessin than a fall r a spring term
·An internatinal netwrk f peers like yu—driven, curius, and cmmitted t grwth
·Access t Harvard’s famus libraries, museums, and cmputer labs
Details:
Nn-credit curses: They prvide an pprtunity fr persnal grwth withut the need t earn credits. These flexible curses cater t diverse interests and schedules. They allw learners t explre new subjects withut frmal assessments. Their duratins are variable, ranging frm 4 weeks t 6 weeks.
4-credit curses: These curses are cndensed int a mre fcused time frame, typically running fr abut 4 weeks. They are designed fr students wh want t cmplete a curse well and quickly.
6-credit curses: They are structured t last fr apprximately 6 weeks, ffering a mre extended learning perid that allws fr a deeper explratin f the subject matter.
8-credit curses: These are the mst cmprehensive ptins, usually extending ver an 8-week perid. They are ideal fr students seeking an in-depth study experience, cvering a wider range f tpics r allwing fr a mre thrugh examinatin f a particular field.
21. What des Harvard Summer Schl feature？
A. Lng duratin. B. Busy schedules.
C. Flexible arrangements. D. Cmpetitive envirnment.
22. What can the students d after jining Harvard Summer Schl?
A. Skip a fall term. B. Wrk in famus libraries.
C. Make friends with experts. D. Meet like-minded peple,
23. Which curses are the best fr the students fcusing n efficiency?
A. Nn-credit curses. B. 4-credit curses.
C. 6-credit curses. D. 8-credit curses.
B
I enjyed being in nature. Visiting nearby natural places made me feel better when living alne in Ri de Janeir. T find different cmmunities that had unique relatinships with nature, I mved t Manaus in the Amazn Rainfrest t feel the energy f the frest and seethe lcal peple’s integratin with the frest. I discvered we can have many relatinships with nature that aren’t always detrimental t thse places.
They tk care f the land and cultivated these gardens filled with fruits and nuts we lved eating withut harming the frest. I think many peple unaware f hw the lcal cmmunities have shaped a “cmpletely” natural space. The Amazn Rainfrest is nt just created by natural prcesses.
Ding research in the field culd be a big challenge. We ften went t really islated places when ding field wrk in the Amazn Rainfrest. We were aware that if anything happened t us, we culd die. If a venmus snake were t bite yu ut there, yu wuld be in a dangerus situatin. We needed t manage thse feelings while ding ur wrk and cllecting data.
I wrked n an article abut hw we culd engage native knwledge in cnservatin science. We had held small meetings with five native researchers, talking abut hw they viewed the Amazn Rainfrest and trying t understand hw we culd maintain the Amazn Rainfrest in the future. These cnversatins led me t start reflecting n hw we did science.
I submitted ur paper t tw ther scientific jurnals befre it was accepted. At the time, I didn’t feel that the article was gd enugh t be published in a majr scientific jurnal like Science. I tried ther jurnals and was rejected immediately. My cauthrs and supervisrs said that we had nthing t lse by submitting it t Science. We tried again and they accepted it. That experience has shwed me that we need t cmmit urselves t what we think we shuld d. We cannt give up when it cmes t science. We need determinatin.
24. What des the underlined wrd “detrimental” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Similar. B. Relevant. C. Harmful. D. Beneficial.
25. What impressed the authr mst abut Manaus?
A. The lcals’ care fr nature.
B. The change f natural prcesses.
C. The lcal cmmunities’ relatinships.
D. The situatin f the Amazn Rainfrest.
26. Which f the fllwing can best describe the authr’s field wrk？
A. Tiring. B. Risky. C. Cstly. D. Demanding.
27. Why des the authr mentin the experience f submitting the paper？
A. T reveal backgrunds. B. T establish credibility.
C. T highlight challenges. D. T demnstrate reslve.
C
Slar eclipses（日食）happen when the Mn passes between the Earth and the Sun. These events are always spectacular. But ttal slar eclipses are extra special. One such eclipse was visible acrss large parts f Nrth America n April 8,2024. During that time, sky watchers felt surprised at the view. They als tk part in scientific research.
The eclipse was a piece f exciting news fr slar science. On April 8, the Sun neared its mst active phase when the Sun gave ff mre radiatin and a lt f charged particles frm its surface. Such slar strms threatened satellites rbiting the Earth. They even disrupted pwer grids n the grund. These are what the science prs fund.
“Luckily, researchers nw have mre scientific instruments t study ur star than ever befre,” said Kelly Krreck, wh is an astrphysicist. “This prvides a unique chance t learn abut the Sun and its effects n ur planet and its atmsphere.”
But science prs aren’t the nly nes getting in n the fun. Citizen scientists are members f the public wh help gather bservatins and analyze them. “There is a lt f emphasis n citizen science and having flks d slar science prjects,” Krreck said.
Scientists hped t recruit as many phnes as pssible, which wuld spread ut ver the 2,000-mile-lng and 100-mile-wide path f the April 2024 eclipse. Krreck said, “That will ffer views f the slar shape frm a very large number f vantage pints. And it’s up t citizen scientists t d it.”
Citizen scientists were able t take part withut interrupting their view f the eclipse. They just started an app n their phne and prpped it up facing the Sun at least five minutes befre the Mn passed in frnt f the Sun. The app handled the rest. They culd get t keep cpies f the pictures as a suvenir. “That was a gd chance fr citizen scientists t cntribute t eclipse research,” Krreck said. That’s true whether they set up a camera r installed an app.
28. What can we learn frm the first tw paragraphs？
A. The ttal slar eclipse was visible in the entire America.
B. The ttal slar eclipse has sme impact n the Earth.
C. The Earth gives ff mre radiatin during slar eclipses.
D. Sky watchers cntributed a lt t scientific research.
29. What did Krreck think f citizen scientists？
A. They are enthusiastic. B. They are creative.
C. They are ptimistic. D. They are essential.
30. What did the scientists want t get frm citizen scientists during the ttal slar eclipse？
A. Useful pints abut the ttal slar eclipse.
B. As many phnes as pssible with apps installed.
C. Observatins f the ttal slar eclipse frm different angles.
D. Mre scientific instruments t help bserve slar eclipses.
31. What is the last paragraph mainly abut？
A. What citizen scientists gt frm the eclipse research.
B. Hw citizen scientists gt invlved in the eclipse research.
C. Hw much time citizen scientists spent in taking pictures.
D. Why the ttal slar eclipse was a gd chance fr the scientists.
D
A wearable health mnitr develped by Washingtn State University researchers can reliably measure levels f imprtant bichemicals in sweat during physical exercise. The 3D-printed mnitr culd smeday prvide a simple and nn-invasive（无创的）way t track health cnditins and diagnse cmmn diseases, such as diabetes, kidney disease r heart disease.
Reprting in the jurnal, ACS Sensrs, the researchers were able t accurately mnitr the levels f vlunteers’ glucse（葡萄糖）and uric acid（尿酸）.
“Diabetes is a majr prblem wrldwide,” said Chuchu Chen, the first authr f the paper. “I think 3D printing can make a difference t the healthcare fields, and I wanted t see if we can cmbine 3D printing with disease detectin methds t create a device like this.” Fr their new health mnitr, the researchers used 3D printing t make the health mnitrs in a unique, ne-step manufacturing prcess.
The researchers used a single-atm catalyst and enzymatic reactins t enhance the signal and measure lw levels f the bimarkers. Three bisensrs n the mnitr change clr t indicate the specific bichemical levels.
Sweat cntains many imprtant chemicals that can indicate health cnditins, but, unlike bld sampling, it’s nn-invasive. Levels f uric acid in sweat can indicate the risk f develping kidney disease r heart disease. Glucse levels are used t mnitr diabetes.
But the amunt f these chemicals in sweat is tiny and can be hard t measure, the researchers nted. While ther sweat sensrs（传感器）have been develped, they are cmplex and need specialized equipment and expertise t make.
When the researchers cmpared the new mnitrs n vlunteers’ arms t lab results, they fund that their mnitr was accurately and reliably measuring the cncentratin f the chemicals. The researchers are nw wrking t further imprve the device design and validatin. They are als hping t cmmercialize the technlgy.
32. What des Chuchu Chen stress？
A. The applicatin f 3D printing in real life.
B. The way t make 3D printing develp quickly.
C. The integratin f 3D printing and medical technlgy.
D. The change in peple’s health caused by 3D printing.
33. What can we knw abut sweat frm the text？
A. The chemicals in it can reflect health cnditins.
B. Using it t mnitr different diseases is invasive.
C. It cntains sme chemicals that cause heart disease.
D. The researchers find it difficult t measure its amunt.
34. What is the advantage f the health mnitr ver ther sweat sensrs？
A. It’s easier t perate.
B. It’s mre specialized.
C. It’s mre cmmnly used.
D. It’s mre envirnmentally friendly.
35. Which can be a suitable title fr the text？
A. 3D printing is used t mnitr diseases
B. Sweat can help treat sme cmmn diseases
C. Bld sampling isn’t as accurate as sweat mnitring
D. A sweat health mnitr measures levels f disease markers
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
During the summer, a lt f peple enjy traveling, vacatining, and taking utdr adventures when the weather is warm and cmfrtable. If yu’re smewhere new r unfamiliar, it’s always gd t get a prper idea f yur surrundings. ___36___ The next time yu are ut explring with yur friends r family, keep an eye ut fr purple fence psts. Knwing abut purple paint laws can help yu stay n the right path when driving r hiking in an unfamiliar place.
The laws vary frm state t state, but generally, a purple fence means n trespassing（擅自进入）. While prperty wners may still chse t use “N Trespassing” signs, the signs are likely t be damaged r wrn ut ver time. ___37___
It can als be easily applied t different land markers. In additin t purple fence psts, yu might even see purple trees. This practice is particularly useful in rural areas where prperty lines can be vast and nt always clearly defined. The distinct clr serves as a universal sign f private prperty, easily recgnizable even frm a distance. ___38___ It is a clr that stands ut against the natural landscape, reducing the likelihd f accidental trespassing.
___39___ It’s imprtant t nte that nly abut half f the states have regulatins specifically regarding purple fence laws. Here are a few tips t get yu started.
Befre yu begin painting, ensure yu have the right materials and understand the specific requirements fr the applicatin. Any paint will wrk if yu’re using it n a fence, but use latex r spray paint fr trees. ___40___ Crrect applicatin nt nly beys the law, but als serves as a clear and effective warning against trespassing.
A. It may be full f danger.
B. As yu knw, safety always cmes first.
C. Mrever, the use f purple is advantageus.
D. A cat f purple paint has lasting effect, thugh.
E. The clr purple is the favurite f sme peple.
F. T paint yur fence purple, familiarize yurself with the lcal laws.
G. Make sure yur paint is clearly visible and marks the crrect bundary.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Seeing kids ding amazing things, yu have t stp. When we tell yu a 9-year-ld Indian weightlifter, Arshia Gswami, made us d a duble take, we aren’t ___41___.
Arshia, a(n) ___42___ in the weightlifting wrld, has been ding this since she was 6 years ld. She has ___43___ weightlifting achievements that many adults culdn’t dream f ding. Arshia ___44___ her life nline, inspiring ther children and adults t get int the gym and get ___45___.
In a recent pst, she ___46___ t lift 165 punds. She nly weighs 55 punds, ___47___ t lifting three times her wn weight. Fcused and fierce, she steps n the mat. The ___48___ starts, and Arshia gets excited. A pleasing tune plays and Arshia takes a breath. She hlds the barbell（杠铃）___49___, and raises 165 punds ff the grund.
The vide was titled “The yungest and strngest Indian” and peple were impressed. She gained ___50___ frm the weightlifting cmmunity. One persn cmmented, “It tk me years t attempt that weight in my teens.” Anther persn was cncerned abut her ___51___: “That’s impressive but stay calm. Her face turned red and it meant t much pressure.” But mst peple were amazed. “That’s ___52___ technique fr that age. Mst peple dn’t have that kind f technique until years in the ___53___,” smene else wrte.
The fact that Arshia is s yung and s strng was nt ___54___ n her fllwers. A lt f peple ___55___her and said, “Unbelievable wrk！It taught us that everything is pssible.”
41. A. hesitatingB. kidding C. cmplaining D. respnding
42. A. teacherB. judge C. prfessinal D. audience
43. A. spreadB. reprted C. attained D. cllected
44. A. recrdsB. plans C. changes D. arranges
45. A. knwnB. fit C. cnnectedD. sincere
46. A. sets utB. cmes backC. ges away D. shws ff
47. A. ppsedB. accustmed C. adapted D. cmmitted
48. A. turnamentB. music C. schedule D. prject
49. A. randmlyB. easily C. freely D. tightly
50. A. respectB. dubt C. experience D. access
51. A. educatinB. talentC. health D. develpment
52. A. efficientB. mdern C. reliable D. incredible
53. A. stageB. game C. life D. stry
54. A. lstB. based C. dependent D. passed
55. A. rememberedB. believedC. praisedD. welcmed
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese scientists have fund a new plant species f Orecharis（马铃苣苔属）in suthwest China’s Yunnan Prvince, accrding t the Chengdu Institute f Bilgy（CIB）under the Chinese Academy f Sciences（CAS）. The findings, made by researchers frm the CIB and Guangxi Institute f Btany f the CAS, ___56___（publish）recently in the jurnal Eclgy and Evlutin.
During a field ___57___（investigate）n an ak cmmunity, the researchers fund an unidentified species f Orecharis in Ninglang Cunty, Yunnan. By cmparing the plant with several ___58___（knw）Orecharis species, the researchers have cnfirmed it is a new species ___59___ has many unique characteristics.
The new species was named Orecharis rilus（黄鹂属）___60___ the lively bird rile, as its bright yellw flwers resemble the ___61___（bird）feather clr. After extensive research n vegetatin cver, the researchers fund that the new species has a narrw distributin, ___62___（grw）in limestne（石灰岩）cracks in an area f tw square ___63___（kilmeter）.
This new species is currently listed as ___64___（critical）endangered by the IUCN Red List f Threatened Species. Accrding t the researchers, ___65___ discvery f the plant species has further enriched diversity f Orecharis in China, and has psitive significance fr the bigegraphy f the Hengduan Muntains in suthwest China.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分 15分）假定你是李华，学校最近组织你们参观了当地的一家科技公司。请你给外国网友Lily写一封邮件，和她分享此次经历，内容包括：
1. 介绍该公司；
2. 参观过程；
3. 你的收获。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A grup f pr peple live in a village f Africa. The peple there relied n crn farming fr their livelihd. Hwever, the harsh natural cnditins ften resulted in pr harvests. Drughts were the biggest challenge, while sudden dwnpurs during the rainy seasn wuld fld the fields. Despite these difficulties, there was a yung by in the village named Steven wh had a deep lve fr science. He dreamed f using knwledge t change the fate f his cmmunity.
Frm a yung age, the by was fascinated by the wnders f science. He spent his days explring the wrld arund him, eager t knw its mysteries. While ther children played in the fields, he culd be fund cnducting"experiments"and thinking abut his future under the shade f a tree. He wanted t develp a dam t stre rainwater and then pump（用泵抽运）the water frm the dam t water the crn when there wuld be a drught. But t build the dam was a big prblem.
His passin fr learning was undeniable, but his father, a traditinalist wh valued hard wrk abve all else, did nt understand r supprt his sn’s ambitin at first. T him, the nly real way t help the family was thrugh manual labr n the farm.
Despite his father’s disapprval, Steven remained determined in his pursuit f knwledge. Steven believed that educatin held the key t a better future, nt just fr himself but fr the entire village. Seeing his sn’s firm determinatin, the father changed his mind. The father realized that perhaps there was mre t life than wrking in the fields. With a heavy heart, he emptied his savings t send Steven t schl, hping that ne day his sn wuld make his wn dream cme true.
Years passed, and Steven tirelessly wrked n his studies. His effrts paid ff when he graduated with tp hnrs frm university. Armed with a wealth f knwledge and a burning desire t make a difference, he returned t his village with a missin.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Lily,
Yurs,
Li Hua
Upn returning t the village, Steven immediately started t slve the prblem.
After knwing the prject, all the villagers jined in the cnstructin f the dam.