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新高考英语二轮复习讲练测专题05 阅读理解之应用文（讲义）（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份新高考英语二轮复习讲练测专题05 阅读理解之应用文（讲义）（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语二轮复习讲练测专题05阅读理解之应用文讲义原卷版doc、新高考英语二轮复习讲练测专题05阅读理解之应用文讲义解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。
TOC \ "1-3" \p " " \h \z \u \l "_Tc147941319" 考点 阅读理解之应用文 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页
\l "_Tc147941317" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页
\l "_Tc147941318" -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页
\l "_Tc147941320" 【真题研析·规律探寻】-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页
考向1 考查细节理解题----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页
考向2 考查数字计算题----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4页
考向3 考查文章出处题----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5页
考向4 考查寻找共同点----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7页
\l "_Tc147941321" 【核心提炼·考向探究】----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9页
1．命题规律--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9页
2．应用文主要设题类型及特点----------------------------------------------------------------------------9页
3．常用的解题方法-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10页
\l "_Tc147941326" 【题型特训·命题预测】------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11页
预测考向1 考查细节理解题-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11页
预测考向2 考查数字计算题-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12页
预测考向3 考查文章出处题-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------13页
预测考向4 考查读者对象题-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------14页
预测考向5 考查寻找共同点题----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------15页
考点 阅读理解之应用文
考情分析：分析2021-2023年新高考阅读理解之应用文考向分布。
总结高考考点，探究应用文的命题规律。
近年来，高考阅读理解应用文主要考查：细节理解题、推理判断题有时兼顾其他题型。
考向1 考查细节理解题
1.（2023•新高考全国Ⅱ卷·阅读理解A篇节）
Yellwstne Natinal Park ffers a variety f ranger prgrams thrughut the park, and thrughut the year. The fllwing are descriptins f the ranger prgrams this summer.
Experiencing Wildlife in Yellwstne (May 26 t September 2)
Whether yu’re hiking a backcuntry trail (小径), camping, r just enjying the park’s amazing wildlife frm the rad, this quick wrkshp is fr yu and yur family. Learn where t lk fr animals and hw t safely enjy yur wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyn Village Stre.
Junir Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 t August 21)
Kids can test their skills and cmpare their abilities t the animals f Yellwstne. Stay fr as little r as lng as yur plans allw. Meet in frnt f the Visitr Educatin Center.
Canyn Talks at Artist Pint (June 9 t September 2)
Frm a classic viewpint, enjy Lwer Falls, the Yellwstne River, and the breathtaking clrs f the canyn (峡谷) while learning abut the area’s natural and human histry. Discver why artists and phtgraphers cntinue t be drawn t this special place. Meet n the lwer platfrm at Artist Pint n the Suth Rim Drive fr this shrt talk.
Phtgraphy Wrkshps (June 19 &July 10)
Enhance yur phtgraphy skills — jin Yellwstne’s park phtgrapher fr a hands-n prgram t inspire new and creative ways f enjying the beauty and wnder f Yellwstne.
6/19 — Waterfalls &Wide Angles: meet at Artist Pint.
7/10 — Wildflwers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.
21. Which f the fur prgrams begins the earliest?
A. Phtgraphy Wrkshps.B. Junir Ranger Wildlife Olympics.
C. Canyn Talks at Artist Pint.D. Experiencing Wildlife in Yellwstne.
22. What is the shrt talk at Artist Pint abut?
A. Wrks f famus artists.B. Prtectin f wild animals.
C. Basic phtgraphy skills.D. Histry f the canyn area.
23. Where will the participants meet fr the July 10 phtgraphy wrkshp?
A. Artist Pint.B. Washburn Trailhead.
C. Canyn Village Stre.D. Visitr Educatin Center.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了黄石国家公园提供的几项护林员项目。
21.细节理解题。根据每个项目后的时间“Experiencing Wildlife in Yellwstne (May 26 t September 2) (在黄石体验野生动物（5月26日至9月2日）)”和“Junir Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 t August 21) (少年游骑兵野生动物奥林匹克运动会（6月5日至8月21日）)”与“Canyn Talks at Artist Pint (June 9 t September 2) (在Artist Pint的峡谷会谈（6月9日至9月2日）)”以及“Phtgraphy Wrkshps (June 19 & July 10) (摄影研讨会（6月19日和7月10日）)”可知，四个项目中在黄石体验野生动物开始的时间最早。故选D。
22.细节理解题。根据文章“Canyn Talks at Artist Pint (June 9 t September 2) (在Artist Pint的峡谷会谈（6月9日至9月2日）)部分中的“Frm a classic viewpint, enjy Lwer Falls, the Yellwstne River, and the breathtaking clrs f the canyn (峡谷) while learning abut the area’s natural and human histry. (从一个经典的视角，欣赏下瀑布、黄石河和峡谷的壮丽色彩，同时了解该地区的自然和人类历史)”可知，在Artist Pint的简短演讲主题是关于峡谷地区的历史的。故选D。
23.细节理解题。根据文章“Phtgraphy Wrkshps (June 19 & July 10) (摄影研讨会（6月19日和7月10日）)”部分中的“7/10 — Wildflwers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area. (7/10——Wildflwers &White Balance：在奇滕登停车场的Washburn Trailhead举行)”可知，7月10日的摄影研讨会将在Washburn Trailhead举行。故选B。
1.不需读原文（有题目和小标题的要看），直接看问题，划出问题中的关键词
2.从题干中寻找关键词，定位问题答案
【注意】
①细节题的正确选项大都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性转换等)
②注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括
考向2 考查数字计算题
1.（2023年1月·浙江卷·阅读理解A）
Explrers Camp
•Full day camp fr kids aged 5-13.
•Mnday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.
Week 1 | July 8-12
Week 2 | July 15-19
Week 3 | July 22-26
•Register fr a single week r multiple weeks.
•Fees: $365 per week.
•The last day t cancel registratin and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15.
Camp Structure
The day is divided int tw thematic sessins per age grup. Campers have a three-hur mrning class engaging with a mrning theme (9am t 12 nn) and a ne-hur lunch break, fllwed by anther three-hur class engaging with an afternn theme (1pm t 4pm). Snack perids are held thrughut the day. All campers shuld bring their wn bagged lunch and snacks.
Camp Cntent
Explrers Camp rganizes engaging arts, histry and science-related activities in every! class, and fcuses n a range f tpics that emphasize active learning, explratin and, mst f all, fun! All camp sessins are created with age-apprpriate activities that are tailred t the multiple ways that kids learn.
Camp Staff
Campers enjy a staff-t-child rati ranging frm 1:4 t 1:7 depending n the age grup. Instructrs are passinate educatrs wh are experts in their fields and have undergne training and a backgrund check.
23．Hw many hurs f class will yu have altgether if yu register fr a single week?
A．15.B．21.C．30.D．42.
【答案】23．C
【解析】细节理解题。根据“•Mnday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.( 7月8日至26日，星期一至星期五，上午9点至下午4点)”可知，每周安排5天的活动。根据Camp Structure部分中的“Campers have a three-hur mrning class engaging with a mrning theme (9am t 12 nn) and a ne-hur lunch break, fllwed by anther three-hur class engaging with an afternn theme (1pm t 4pm).(露营者有一个三小时的上午课程（上午9点到中午12点）和一个小时的午休时间，然后是另一个三个小时的下午课程（下午1点到下午4点）)”可知，全天有6个小时的课程。5*6=30。由此可知，如果你注册一周，你总共有30小时的课程。故选C。
2.（2023•新高考全国Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A篇）
Bike Rental & Guided Turs
Welcme t Amsterdam, welcme t MacBike. Yu see much mre frm the seat f a bike! Cycling is the mst ecnmical, sustainable and fun way t explre the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and cuntless lights. Yu can als bike alng lvely landscapes utside f Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been arund fr almst 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental cmpany in Amsterdam. With ver 2,500 bikes stred in ur five rental shps at strategic lcatins, we make sure there is always a bike available fr yu. We ffer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with ft brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Guided City Turs
The 2.5-hur tur cvers the Gyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much mre. The tur departs frm Dam Square every hur n the hur, starting at 1:00 pm every day. Yu can buy yur ticket in a MacBike shp r bk nline.
2. Hw much d yu pay fr renting a bike with hand brake and three gears fr tw days?
A. €15.75.B. €19.50.C. €22.75.D. €29.50.
【答案】C
【解析】数字计算题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。
数字计算题最常用的解题方法：1.仔细理解题干中的信息要求；2.从文章中定位计算需要的信息；3.通过简单的计算得出答案。
考向3 考查文章出处
1.（2022年新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A篇）
Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Belw 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade fr this curse: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Grup Assignments (30%)
Students will wrk in grups t cmplete fur assignments (作业) during the curse. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date thrugh Blackbard, ur nline learning and curse management system.
Daily Wrk/In-Class Writings and Tests/Grup Wrk/Hmewrk (10%)
Class activities will vary frm day t day, but students must be ready t cmplete shrt in-class writings r tests drawn directly frm assigned readings r ntes frm the previus class’s lecture/discussin, s it is imprtant t take careful ntes during class. Additinally, frm time t time I will assign grup wrk t be cmpleted in class r shrt assignments t be cmpleted at hme, bth f which will be graded.
Late Wrk
An essay nt submitted in class n the due date will lse a letter grade fr each class perid it is late. If it is nt turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zer. Daily assignments nt cmpleted during class will get a zer. Shrt writings missed as a result f an excused absence will be accepted.
21. Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A. A textbk.B. An exam paper.C. A curse plan.D. An academic article.
【答案】21. C
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章标题“Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t Literature (文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays (60%)部分“Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade f fr this curse (你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C项。
2.（2021·英语全国甲卷·阅读理解A篇）
A Take a view, the Landscape（风景）Phtgrapher f the Year Award, was the idea f Charlie Waite, ne f tday's mst respected landscape phtgraphers.Each year, the high standard f entries has shwn that the Awards are the perfect platfrm t shwcase the very best phtgraphy f the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual cmpetitin fr phtgraphers frm all cmers f the UK and beynd.
23．Where can the text be fund?
A．In a histry bk.B．In a nvel.C．In an art magazine.D．In a bigraphy.
【答案】23．C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Each year, the high standard f entries has shwn that the Awards are the perfect platfrm t shwcase the very best phtgraphy f the British landscape. Take a view is a desirable annual cmpetitin fr phtgraphers frm all cmers f the UK and beynd.”（每年参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。 对于英国和世界各地的摄影师来说，Take a view是一项令人向往的年度竞赛 ）结合下文对两位获奖者及其作品的介绍，可知这篇文章主要介绍了摄影比赛Take a view以及获奖的相关情况，最可能出现在一本艺术杂志上。故选C。
“推断文章出处”类试题应从文章的内容或结构入手来判断其出处：
旅游指南类文章(a travel guide)：此类文章旨在介绍某一旅游景点的自然景观和人文特色，目的是吸引游客来访。
广告英语类文章(an advertisement)：现代生活中广告无处不在，英语阅读理解也是如此。有时会考查微型海报、通知、启示、时刻表、图表等。
课件展示类文章(a class presentatin)：此类文章往往紧扣主题，口语性强、语言活泼，形式新颖，伴随有图片、图表、文字介绍等信息。
网络网页类文章(an Internet page)：此类文章往往会提供超级链接标志，如Fr mre infrmatin, please click here.
新闻报道类文章(a news reprt)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及人物、时政、教育、体育、科技等，突出新颖性、突发性和真实性。新闻呈“倒金字塔”结构，第一段概括全文内容最重要。
研究报告类文章(a research paper)：此类文章重点介绍科技领域最新研究成果：新发现、新思想、新发明。第一段概括介绍，然后分段陈述。文章结构严谨，语言规范，句式复杂。
图书评论类文章(a bk review)：书评、影评类文章涉及到作者介绍，内容梗概、人物性格评论，写作特色以及个人好恶等内容。
科普杂志类文章(a science magazine)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及到日常生活习惯、健康饮食、太空与海洋、创造与发明、计算机发展、人类未来、动物世界等。其重点是普及科学知识，提高科学素养。
考向4 考查寻找共同点题
1.（2023•全国乙卷·阅读理解A篇）
PRACTITIONERS
21. What did Jacqueline and James have in cmmn?
A. Ding teaching jbs.B. Being hired as physicians.
C. Perfrming surgery.D. Being banned frm medicine.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“Brn t a Jewish family in Flrence, she mved t Paris where she wrked as a physician and perfrmed surgery. (她出生于佛罗伦萨的一个犹太家庭，搬到巴黎当医生并做外科手术)”以及第二部分中的“She qualified as a surgen in 1813 (她获得了做外科医生的资格)”和“Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical prfessin living and wrking as a man. (Barry于1859年退休，她以男人的身份生活和工作，从事了整个医学职业)”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同点是都有资格进行外科手术。故选C。
2.（2021·全国高考乙卷·阅读理解A篇）
The Biggest Stadiums in the Wrld
Peple have been puring int stadiums since the days f ancient Greece. In arund 80 A．D．, the Rmans built the Clsseum, which remains the wrld’s best knwn stadium and cntinues t infrm cntemprary design. Rme’s Clsseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 peple. Hwever, that was small fry cmpared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accmmdated arund 250,000 peple.
These days, safety regulatins-nt t mentin the mdern sprts fan’s desire fr a gd view and cmfrtable seat—tend t keep stadium capacities（容量） slightly lwer. Even sccer fans tend t have a seat each; gne are the days f thusands standing t watch the match.
Fr the biggest stadiums in the wrld, we have used data supplied by the Wrld Atlas list s far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated infrmatin frm fficial stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still funtina1, still pen and still hsting the biggest events in wrld sprt.
·Rungrad 1st f May Stadium, Pyngyang D．P.R. Krea. Capacity: 150,000. Opened: May 1,1989.
·Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbr, Michigan, U. S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened: Octber 1, 1927.
·Beaver Stadium, State Cllege, Pennsylvania, U. S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, 1960.
·Ohi Stadium, Clumbus, Ohi, U. S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: Octber 7,1922.
·Kyle Field, Cllege Statin, Texas, U. S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24, 1927.
23．What d the listed stadiums have in cmmn?
A．They hst big games.B．They have becme turist attractins.
C．They were built by Americans.D．They are favred by architects.
【答案】23．A
【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“All these stadiums are still functinal, still pen and still hsting the biggest events in wrld sprt.” (所有这些体育场馆仍在使用，仍在开放，仍在举办世界上最大的体育赛事。)可知，这些体育馆都还在承办大型的体育赛事。故选A项。
1.结构法：如果属于“总分总”结构，多从“总处”找依据；
2.排除法：可以运用排除法，只要一项不合要求就应该排除；
3.关键词法：依据题干划出关键词语，据此知道答案。
阅读理解之应用文考点的必备知识：
一、命题规律：
1．命题规律：应用文主要考查细节理解，近年来也会考查推理判断、写作意图以及读者对象等。应用文阅读材料简单明了，主要考查考生快速而准确地获取和理解文中具体细节信息的能力。
2．考查类型：主要考查细节理解题兼顾推理判断题。
3．考查趋势：考题以考查广告、书信、列车或飞机的时刻表、产品说明书、宣传海报、简明新闻等应用文，他们的目的都是为了向读者传输信息。
二、 应用文主要设题类型及特点
1. 细节理解题：针对应用文体裁的阅读训练多出现细节理解题。应用文不同于一般的文章，应用文的措辞简洁明了、直截了当，在阅读时须重点注意细节信息，最好采取跳读这种阅读方法。如：活动的具体时间和地点是什么？音乐会的具体举办时间是什么？所倡议的活动是针对哪些人展开的？
2. 主旨大意题：应用文强调实用性，无论是信件、广告、通知，还是倡议书、海报等，在阅读时都应该快速掌握其主旨大意。如：海报介绍的那部电影？通知的是哪个活动？邀请哪些人参加什么活动？这些都是主旨大意题考查的内容。常见的主旨大意题的题干表达方式有“The pster intrduces us t _______.” “The e-mail mainly tells us abut _______.”
3. 观点态度题：作者往往通过海报、广告等形式的应用文表明自己对于某事的态度，也可以通过通知、倡议书、邀请函等形式暗示自己对某次活动的看法和态度。常见的观点态度题的题干表达方式有“What is the authr’s attitude twards...” “What des the authr think f ”
三、 常用的解题方法
1.应用文中的细节理解题：
在阅读应用文时主要是注意细节信息（时间、地点、人物或数据），做题时，根据所提问题中的关键词定位，用寻读、跳读的方法更有效。
【做题步骤】
1.不需读原文（有题目和小标题的要看），直接看问题，划出问题中的关键词
2.从题干中寻找关键词，定位问题答案
【注意】
①细节题的正确选项大都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性转换等)
②注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括
2.“共同点”题：①结构法：如果属于“总分总”结构，多从“总处”找依据；②排除法：可以运用排除法，只要一项不合要求就应该排除；③关键词法：依据题干划出关键词语，据此知道答案。
3.文章出处题：“推断文章出处”类试题应从文章的内容或结构入手来判断其出处：
旅游指南类文章(a travel guide)：此类文章旨在介绍某一旅游景点的自然景观和人文特色，目的是吸引游客来访。
广告英语类文章(an advertisement)：现代生活中广告无处不在，英语阅读理解也是如此。有时会考查微型海报、通知、启示、时刻表、图表等。
课件展示类文章(a class presentatin)：此类文章往往紧扣主题，口语性强、语言活泼，形式新颖，伴随有图片、图表、文字介绍等信息。
网络网页类文章(an Internet page)：此类文章往往会提供超级链接标志，如Fr mre infrmatin, please click here.
新闻报道类文章(a news reprt)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及人物、时政、教育、体育、科技等，突出新颖性、突发性和真实性。新闻呈“倒金字塔”结构，第一段概括全文内容最重要。
研究报告类文章(a research paper)：此类文章重点介绍科技领域最新研究成果：新发现、新思想、新发明。第一段概括介绍，然后分段陈述。文章结构严谨，语言规范，句式复杂。
图书评论类文章(a bk review)：书评、影评类文章涉及到作者介绍，内容梗概、人物性格评论，写作特色以及个人好恶等内容。
科普杂志类文章(a science magazine)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及到日常生活习惯、健康饮食、太空与海洋、创造与发明、计算机发展、人类未来、动物世界等。其重点是普及科学知识，提高科学素养。
【2024年高考命题预测】
根据高考考情分析2024年高考应用文是必考点。将主要考查：（1）细节理解题；（2）推理判断题（出处题）等。
预测考向1 考查细节理解题
（2024届河北省部分学校高三五调·阅读理解A）
Based n 2023’s new bk releases, we have a feeling that we’ll be reading all year lng. Belw, we re highlighting just a few f the new bks cming ut in 2023 that yu may want t check ut.
The Peple Wh Reprt Mre Stress
By Alejandr Valer
$24.18
Alejandr’s first nvel The Twn f Babyln came ut in 2022, and this frthcming shrt stry cllectin, full f memrable persnalities, explres similar themes: cmmunity, relatinships, mdern incredible life, racism and parenthd.
When Trying t Return Hme
By Jennifer Maritza McCauley
$25.11
Spanning (跨越) between Puert Ric, Pittsburgh, Luisiana and Miami, this shrt stry cllectin explres the cmplexities f belnging and the true meaning f hme. Each individual stry and the themes mentined are written thrugh the Black American and Afr-Latin experiences.
The Last Tale f the Flwer Bride
By Rshani Chkshi
$43.70
Rshani Chkshi’s first surprising nvel fr adults is a fairy tale-filled stry abut marriage and the secrets cuples keep frm each ther. That, and an enchanted (施过魔法的) huse ff the cast f Washingtn and htel frtune.
I Have Sme Questins fr Yu
By Rebecca Makkai
$27.90
Imagine if yur life was the stuff f a true crime dcumentary. Bdie Kane has tried t mve n past the 1995 murder f her barding schl rmmate. When she returns t the barding schl as an adult, Bdie realizes there are still mysteries abut hw the case was wrapped up and justice was served.
1．What d we knw abut The Peple Wh Reprt Mre Stress?
A．It’s the secnd expensive f the fur.
B．It’s Alejandr Valer’s first nvel.
C．It cnsists f sme shrt stries.
D．It deals with several different themes.
2．What is special abut When Trying t Return Hme?
A．It explres cmmunity, relatinships and s n.
B．It tells the true meaning f hme by experiences.
C．It tells an enchanted huse ff the cast f Washingtn.
D．It describes hw a Black American returns t his hme.
3．Which f the fllwing bks best suits a detective stry lver?
A．The Peple Wh Reprt Mre Stress
B．When Trying t Return Hme
C．The Last Tale f the Flwer Bride
D．I Have Sme Questins fr Yu
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2023年发行的四本书。
1．细节理解题。根据The Peple Wh Reprt Mre Stress部分的“Alejandr’s first nvel The Twn f Babyln came ut in 2022,and this frthcming shrt stry cllectin (亚历杭德罗的第一部小说《巴比伦城》于2022年出版，这本即将出版的短篇故事集)”可知，这本书是短篇故事集。故选C。
2．细节理解题。从When Trying t Return Hme部分中的“this shrt stry cllectin explres the cmplexities f belnging and the true meaning f hme. Each individual stry and the themes mentined are written thrugh the Black American and Afr-Latin experiences. (这本短篇小说集探讨了归属的复杂性和家的真正意义。每个人的故事和提到的主题都是通过美国黑人和非裔拉丁美洲人的经历写成的)”可知，此书通过主人公的经历告诉我们家的意义。故选B。
3．细节理解题。从最后一段“Bdie Kane has tried t mve n past the 1995 murder f her barding schl rmmate. When she returns t the barding schl as an adult, Bdie realizes there are still mysteries abut hw the case was wrapped up and justice was served. (博迪·凯恩试图忘掉1995年她寄宿学校室友被谋杀的事。当她成年后回到寄宿学校时，博迪意识到案件是如何结束的，正义是如何得到伸张的，这仍然是一个谜)”可知，I Have Sme Questins fr Yu是一本侦探小说，适合侦探故事爱好者。故选D。
预测考向2 考查数字计算题
（2024•广东省高三联考·阅读理解A）
Special Events in Discvery Center Museum
Discvery Center Museum is a children’s science museum lcated in dwntwn Rckfrd, Illinis. Every year Discvery Center ffers a large number f special events, prgrams, classes and mre.
All special events are included with admissin t Discvery Center Museum. General admissin: $10.00 adults; $10.00 children ages 2-17; free t Discvery Center Members and children age 1 and yunger.
Mini Mnet—Preschl Prgram
September 11, 2023 10: 00 am until 11: 30 am
PARENTS OF PRESCHOOLERS! Encurage yur yung child’s interest in art with special prjects in the Art Studi. Our new “Mini Mnet” drp-in prgram will explre a different art medium fur times this fall. The prgram is fr children ages 2-6, alng with their grwn-ups. We will celebrate nature in ur Secret Garden “painting” with tissue paper. Mnet himself wuld be prud!
Cmmunity Superheres t the Rescue
September 20, 2023 10: 00 am until 2: 00 pm
Wear yur favrite superher cstume and jin ur gathering f cmmunity superheres. Meet REAL emergency first respnders and explre the science ur cmmunity heres use every day. If it desn’t get called fr an emergency, yu can even get up clse t the Mercyhealth REACT helicpter and an MDI respnse vehicle frm 10 am t Nn in ur parking lt. In the afternn, enjy K-9 dg demnstratins at 1: 00 and 1: 30 pm.
Jim Gill Cncert
Octber 2, 2023 10: 00 am until 1: 00 pm
Cncerts at 10: 00 am and 1: 00 pm. Get ready t sing, clap, dance and spin alng during this visit by award-winning musician and authr Jim Gill. Jim Gill’s distinctive music play is an invitatin t children, parents and grandparents t sing and play tgether.
Magic & Fairy Tales
Octber 14, 2023 10: 00 am-2: 30 pm
Magic and fairy tales cme t life at Discver Center! Cme dressed in cstume and enjy a wnderful day f magic shws f TNZ Magic activities as well as activities related t belved fairy tales.
1．Hw much d a cuple with a 2-aged by pay t attend Mini Mnet-Preschl Prgram?
A．$10.00.B．$20.00.C．$30.00.D．$40.00.
【答案】1．C
【解析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍探索中心博物馆的特别活动。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“All special events are included with admissin t Discvery Center Museum. General admissin: $10.00 adults; $10.00 children ages 2-17; free t Discvery Center Members and children age 1 and yunger.(所有特别活动都包含在探索中心博物馆的门票中。普通门票：成人：10美元;；2到17岁的孩子：10美元；探索中心会员和1岁及以下儿童免费)”可知，一对夫妇带着一个2岁的孩子参加活动的话需要花费30元。故选C。
预测考向3 考查文章出处题
（2024·皖南八校高三第二次大联考·阅读理解A）
We lk frward t welcming yu t The Met! Please review ur visitr guidelines utlined belw prir t yur visit. The Met reserves the right t ask visitrs wh d nt fllw these guidelines t leave the museum.
Health and Safety
The health and safety f all is ur pririty. Masks are strngly recmmended.
Admissin
Entrance int The Met requires a ticket r membership card. General admissin is $30 fr adults, $22 fr senirs, and $17 fr students. Admissin is free fr members, a caregiver accmpanying a visitr with a disability, and children under 12.
Opening Hurs
Sunday-Tuesday, and Thursday: 10 p.m.
Friday and Saturday: 10 a.m. -9 p.m.
The Met is clsed n Wednesdays, Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, New Year Day, and the first Mnday in May.
Rules
◆ All visitrs and Members must pass thrugh security checks.
◆ Smking, including electrnic cigarettes, is nt allwed in The Met r near the entrances.
◆ Please preserve yur ticket. Yu may be asked t re-validate (使重新生效) yur ticket when exiting and re-entering the galleries.
◆ The Met reserves the right t refuse the entry f any visitr carrying the fllwing prhibited items: large bags, luggage, musical instruments, glass cntainers, liquids ther than water, sprting gds, and dgs r ther pets (Service animals are welcme.).
◆ The Met permits phtgraphy and vide fr private, nn-cmmercial use.
Staff at Yur Service
If yu have left smething behind at The Met, please call the Lst and Fund Office at 212-570-3981 r email inf@metmuseum.rg. If yu are currently visiting The Met, yu can inquire directly at the Security Desk in the Great Hall.
23．What is the text?
A．Financial statements.B．Entrance regulatins.
C．Registratin instructins.D．Experimental prcedures.
【答案】 23．B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇参观博物馆的章程。
23．推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中“The Met reserves the right t ask visitrs wh d nt fllw these guidelines t leave the museum. (The Met博物馆有权要求不遵守这些指导方针的游客离开博物馆)”可知，本文为一篇参观博物馆的章程。故选B项。
预测考向4 考查读者对象
（2024·河南省新乡市高三第一次模拟·阅读理解A）
If yu’re lking t lse weight r maintain healthy weight levels, it is imprtant t include atmeal (燕麦片) in yur diet. It is highly nutritius, cntains the best kind f cmplex carbs (碳水化合物), and is high in fiber. Let’s learn smething abut it.
Why is atmeal effective fr lsing weight?
●First and fremst, atmeal is a perfect surce f fiber, which is essential if yu’re lking t lse weight. Simply put, including mre fiber int yur daily diet is the easiest way t drp thse punds. Why? Fiber makes yu feel full in additin t digesting slwly, and s yu eat less.
●Anther factr is that atmeal has a zer sugar index, meaning yur bdy wn’t need t prduce the extra insulin (胰岛素) that transfers sugar int stred fat. It ges withut saying that if yu have less stred fat t begin with, yu are ging t weigh less.
Which kind f atmeal is best?
If yur gal is t lse weight, yu shuld be aware that nt all atmeal is the same. The fur mst cmmn types are steel-cut atmeal, rlled atmeal, quick atmeal and instant atmeal.
●Steel-cut atmeal: It cntains the mst fiber and has the lwest bld sugar index. It is unprcessed and has a nuttier flavr than the ther tw whereas quick atmeal has the mildest flavr.
●Rlled and quick atmeal: They are nearly as gd, s ultimately the decisin is mstly abut taste preference.
●Instant atmeal: It cntains added sugar and is highly prcessed, s yu end up with nne f the health benefits but with all f the things yu shuldn’t be eating if yu want t lse weight.
Althugh reducing yur calrie intake and eating the right fds is imprtant, any weight lss prgram shuld als include exercise s that yu dn’t lse muscle mass.
21．Wh is the text mainly intended fr?
A．Peple wanting t be quickly recharged.
B．Peple lnging t keep healthy weight levels.
C．Peple wh are eager t prepare quick breakfast.
D．Peple wh prefer t gain weight rather than lse weight.
【答案】21．B
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了燕麦片的作用及常见种类。
21．推理判断题。根据第一段“If yu’re lking t lse weight r maintain healthy weight levels, it is imprtant t include atmeal (燕麦片) in yur diet.(如果你想减肥或保持健康的体重水平，在饮食中加入燕麦片是很重要的。)”可知，文章是写给那些渴望保持健康的体重的人。故选B。
预测考向5 考查寻找共同点题
（2024•辽宁省辽东南协作校高三月考·阅读理解A）
Recmmended Bks f This Summer
Hell Beautiful
by Ann Naplitan (Dial, $28)
A yung lner marries int a family whse fur sisters are fnd f likening themselves t Little Wmen’s characters. Over the curse f thirty years, the siblings (兄弟姐妹) will grw up and change, and their sisterhd will be repeatedly challenged. Thrughut, the sisters remain themselves. Hwever, their shrtcmings areas deeply rted as their nature f kindness.
Cmmitment
by Mna Simpsn (Knpf, $30)
In Mna Simpsn’s latest nvel, three siblings push int adulthd just as their mther is sent t a mental hspital. They are tgether, alne in the wrld. As Walter builds a business career, Lina pursues art, and Dnnie is addicted t drugs, their every prblem is trubled by questins abut mney, their mther, and each ther. Whatever happens, their cmmitment (承诺) t ne anther is unchanging.
Brther & Sister Enter the Frest
by Richard Mirabella (Catapult, $27)
Richard Mirabella’s first bk is mst impressive in its descriptin f a never-shifting sibling relatinship. When trubled Justin shws up at his sister’s dr seeking help, Willa is cautius. Mirabella captures the push and pull between tw characters whse lve just might help each f them escape the “bubble f lss and fear”.
Siblings
by Brigitte Reimann (Transit, $17)
This nvel set in 1960 East Germany brings the past s clse that it barely feels past. It pens with a yung wman arguing with her belved brther t try t persuade him frm leaving fr West Germany. Reimann, wh lst a brther t the West that same spring, truly believed the East German way was better.
3．What are the fur bks have in cmmn?
A．They are all abut siblings.B．They belng t true stries.
C．They deal with mental prblems.D．They are published by the same publisher.
【答案】 3．A
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本有关兄弟姐妹的书。
3．细节理解题。根据第一部分中“A yung lner marries int a family whse fur sisters are fnd f likening themselves t Little Wmen’s characters.(一个年轻的独行侠嫁进了一个家庭，这个家庭的四个姐妹喜欢把自己比作《小妇人》中的人物)”；第二部分中“In Mna Simpsn’s latest nvel, three siblings push int adulthd just as their mther is sent t a mental hspital.(在莫娜·辛普森的最新小说中，三个兄弟姐妹长大成人，而他们的母亲却被送进了精神病院)”；第三部分中“Richard Mirabella’s first bk is mst impressive in its descriptin f a never-shifting sibling relatinship.(理查德·米拉贝拉的第一本书最令人印象深刻的是它对永不改变的兄弟姐妹关系的描述)”以及第四部分中“It pens with a yung wman arguing with her belved brther t try t persuade him frm leaving fr West Germany. Reimann, wh lst a brther t the West that same spring, truly believed the East German way was better.(影片一开始，一个年轻女子和她深爱的哥哥争吵，试图说服他不要去西德。同年春天，雷曼在西德失去了一个兄弟，他坚信东德的方式更好)”可知，这四本书的共同点是都是关于兄弟姐妹的。故选A项。
年份
试题来源
主题语境
文章字数
题型分类
2023
新高考I卷
人与社会：阿姆斯特丹自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作
208
2个细节理解题
1个推理判断题
新高考 = 2 \* ROMAN II卷
人与自然：黄石国家公园提供的几项护林员项目
253
3个细节理解题
2022
新高考I卷
人与社会：文学概论课程评分办法
236
1个细节理解题
2个推理判断题
新高考 = 2 \* ROMAN II卷
人与社会：关于儿童博物馆团体游的相关信息
235
3个细节理解题
2021
新高考I卷
人与社会：罗马的几个价格低廉，安全舒适的旅馆
288
3个细节理解题
新高考 = 2 \* ROMAN II卷
人与社会：夏天约克郡的四个活动
256
3个细节理解题
考点要求
考题统计
考情分析
细节理解题
3年15考
【命题规律】
根据新高考三年的考情分析，应用文主要集中考查：细节理解题和推理判断题。应用文的内容简单，多是生活实际中的广告类文章，目的是让学生学习生活英语，做到学以致用。
【命题预测】
2024年高考还会考查应用文，总是在阅读的开篇考查，是试题难度较低的试题。这篇阅读理解要拿满分。
推理判断题
3年3考
Hand Brake, Three Gears
Ft Brake, N Gears
1 hur
€7.50
€5.00
3 hurs
€11.00
€7.50
1 day (24 hurs)
€14.75
€9.75
Each additinal day
€8.00
€6.00
Mike Shepherd(2011)
Skiddaw in Winter
Cumbria, England
It was an extremely cld winter's evening and freezing fg hung in the air. I climbed t the tp f a small rise and realised that the mist was little mre than a few feet deep, and thugh it was nly a shrt climb, I fund myself cmpletely abve it and lking at a wnderfully clear view f Skiddaw with the sum setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated frm my cllege days spent in the darkrm int Phtshp, t achieve the black—and—white image（图像）.
Timthy Smith(2014)
Macclesfield Frest
Cheshire, England
I was back in my hme twn f Macclesfield t take sme winter images. Walking up a path thrugh the frest twards Shutlingsle. a lcal high pint, I came acrss a small clearing and immediately nticed the dead yellw grasses set against the fresh snw. The small pine added t the interest and I placed it centrally t take the view frm the fregrund right thrugh int the frest.
Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicin that wmen practicing medicine faced. Brn t a Jewish family in Flrence, she mved t Paris where she wrked as a physician and perfrmed surgery. In 1322 she was tried fr practicing unlawfully. In spite f the curt hearing testimnials (证明) f her ability as a dctr, she was banned frm medicine.
James Barry (c.1789 — 1865) was brn Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University t study medicine. She qualified as a surgen in 1813, then jined the British Army, serving verseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical prfessin living and wrking as a man.
Tan Yunxian (1461 — 1554) was a Chinese physician wh learned her skills frm her grandparents. Chinese wmen at the time culd nt serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with dctrs. Hwever, Tan passed the fficial exam. Tan treated wmen frm all walks f life. In 1511, Tan wrte a bk, Sayings f a Female Dctr, describing her life as a physician.
Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895) wrked as a nurse fr eight years befre studying in medical cllege in Bstn in 1860. Fur years later, she was the first African American wman t receive a medical degree. She mved t Virginia in 1865, where she prvided medical care t freed slaves.
TOC \ "1-3" \p " " \h \z \u \l "_Tc147941319" 考点 阅读理解之应用文 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页
\l "_Tc147941317" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页
\l "_Tc147941318" -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页
\l "_Tc147941320" 【真题研析·规律探寻】-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页
考向1 考查细节理解题----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页
考向2 考查数字计算题----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4页
考向3 考查文章出处题----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5页
考向4 考查寻找共同点----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7页
\l "_Tc147941321" 【核心提炼·考向探究】----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9页
1．命题规律--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9页
2．应用文主要设题类型及特点----------------------------------------------------------------------------9页
3．常用的解题方法-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10页
\l "_Tc147941326" 【题型特训·命题预测】------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11页
预测考向1 考查细节理解题-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11页
预测考向2 考查数字计算题-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12页
预测考向3 考查文章出处题-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------13页
预测考向4 考查读者对象题-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------14页
预测考向5 考查寻找共同点题----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------15页
考点 阅读理解之应用文
考情分析：分析2021-2023年新高考阅读理解之应用文考向分布。
总结高考考点，探究应用文的命题规律。
近年来，高考阅读理解应用文主要考查：细节理解题、推理判断题有时兼顾其他题型。
考向1 考查细节理解题
1.（2023•新高考全国Ⅱ卷·阅读理解A篇节）
Yellwstne Natinal Park ffers a variety f ranger prgrams thrughut the park, and thrughut the year. The fllwing are descriptins f the ranger prgrams this summer.
Experiencing Wildlife in Yellwstne (May 26 t September 2)
Whether yu’re hiking a backcuntry trail (小径), camping, r just enjying the park’s amazing wildlife frm the rad, this quick wrkshp is fr yu and yur family. Learn where t lk fr animals and hw t safely enjy yur wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyn Village Stre.
Junir Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 t August 21)
Kids can test their skills and cmpare their abilities t the animals f Yellwstne. Stay fr as little r as lng as yur plans allw. Meet in frnt f the Visitr Educatin Center.
Canyn Talks at Artist Pint (June 9 t September 2)
Frm a classic viewpint, enjy Lwer Falls, the Yellwstne River, and the breathtaking clrs f the canyn (峡谷) while learning abut the area’s natural and human histry. Discver why artists and phtgraphers cntinue t be drawn t this special place. Meet n the lwer platfrm at Artist Pint n the Suth Rim Drive fr this shrt talk.
Phtgraphy Wrkshps (June 19 &July 10)
Enhance yur phtgraphy skills — jin Yellwstne’s park phtgrapher fr a hands-n prgram t inspire new and creative ways f enjying the beauty and wnder f Yellwstne.
6/19 — Waterfalls &Wide Angles: meet at Artist Pint.
7/10 — Wildflwers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.
21. Which f the fur prgrams begins the earliest?
A. Phtgraphy Wrkshps.B. Junir Ranger Wildlife Olympics.
C. Canyn Talks at Artist Pint.D. Experiencing Wildlife in Yellwstne.
22. What is the shrt talk at Artist Pint abut?
A. Wrks f famus artists.B. Prtectin f wild animals.
C. Basic phtgraphy skills.D. Histry f the canyn area.
23. Where will the participants meet fr the July 10 phtgraphy wrkshp?
A. Artist Pint.B. Washburn Trailhead.
C. Canyn Village Stre.D. Visitr Educatin Center.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了黄石国家公园提供的几项护林员项目。
21.细节理解题。根据每个项目后的时间“Experiencing Wildlife in Yellwstne (May 26 t September 2) (在黄石体验野生动物（5月26日至9月2日）)”和“Junir Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 t August 21) (少年游骑兵野生动物奥林匹克运动会（6月5日至8月21日）)”与“Canyn Talks at Artist Pint (June 9 t September 2) (在Artist Pint的峡谷会谈（6月9日至9月2日）)”以及“Phtgraphy Wrkshps (June 19 & July 10) (摄影研讨会（6月19日和7月10日）)”可知，四个项目中在黄石体验野生动物开始的时间最早。故选D。
22.细节理解题。根据文章“Canyn Talks at Artist Pint (June 9 t September 2) (在Artist Pint的峡谷会谈（6月9日至9月2日）)部分中的“Frm a classic viewpint, enjy Lwer Falls, the Yellwstne River, and the breathtaking clrs f the canyn (峡谷) while learning abut the area’s natural and human histry. (从一个经典的视角，欣赏下瀑布、黄石河和峡谷的壮丽色彩，同时了解该地区的自然和人类历史)”可知，在Artist Pint的简短演讲主题是关于峡谷地区的历史的。故选D。
23.细节理解题。根据文章“Phtgraphy Wrkshps (June 19 & July 10) (摄影研讨会（6月19日和7月10日）)”部分中的“7/10 — Wildflwers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area. (7/10——Wildflwers &White Balance：在奇滕登停车场的Washburn Trailhead举行)”可知，7月10日的摄影研讨会将在Washburn Trailhead举行。故选B。
1.不需读原文（有题目和小标题的要看），直接看问题，划出问题中的关键词
2.从题干中寻找关键词，定位问题答案
【注意】
①细节题的正确选项大都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性转换等)
②注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括
考向2 考查数字计算题
1.（2023年1月·浙江卷·阅读理解A）
Explrers Camp
•Full day camp fr kids aged 5-13.
•Mnday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.
Week 1 | July 8-12
Week 2 | July 15-19
Week 3 | July 22-26
•Register fr a single week r multiple weeks.
•Fees: $365 per week.
•The last day t cancel registratin and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15.
Camp Structure
The day is divided int tw thematic sessins per age grup. Campers have a three-hur mrning class engaging with a mrning theme (9am t 12 nn) and a ne-hur lunch break, fllwed by anther three-hur class engaging with an afternn theme (1pm t 4pm). Snack perids are held thrughut the day. All campers shuld bring their wn bagged lunch and snacks.
Camp Cntent
Explrers Camp rganizes engaging arts, histry and science-related activities in every! class, and fcuses n a range f tpics that emphasize active learning, explratin and, mst f all, fun! All camp sessins are created with age-apprpriate activities that are tailred t the multiple ways that kids learn.
Camp Staff
Campers enjy a staff-t-child rati ranging frm 1:4 t 1:7 depending n the age grup. Instructrs are passinate educatrs wh are experts in their fields and have undergne training and a backgrund check.
23．Hw many hurs f class will yu have altgether if yu register fr a single week?
A．15.B．21.C．30.D．42.
【答案】23．C
【解析】细节理解题。根据“•Mnday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.( 7月8日至26日，星期一至星期五，上午9点至下午4点)”可知，每周安排5天的活动。根据Camp Structure部分中的“Campers have a three-hur mrning class engaging with a mrning theme (9am t 12 nn) and a ne-hur lunch break, fllwed by anther three-hur class engaging with an afternn theme (1pm t 4pm).(露营者有一个三小时的上午课程（上午9点到中午12点）和一个小时的午休时间，然后是另一个三个小时的下午课程（下午1点到下午4点）)”可知，全天有6个小时的课程。5*6=30。由此可知，如果你注册一周，你总共有30小时的课程。故选C。
2.（2023•新高考全国Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A篇）
Bike Rental & Guided Turs
Welcme t Amsterdam, welcme t MacBike. Yu see much mre frm the seat f a bike! Cycling is the mst ecnmical, sustainable and fun way t explre the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and cuntless lights. Yu can als bike alng lvely landscapes utside f Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been arund fr almst 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental cmpany in Amsterdam. With ver 2,500 bikes stred in ur five rental shps at strategic lcatins, we make sure there is always a bike available fr yu. We ffer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with ft brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Guided City Turs
The 2.5-hur tur cvers the Gyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much mre. The tur departs frm Dam Square every hur n the hur, starting at 1:00 pm every day. Yu can buy yur ticket in a MacBike shp r bk nline.
2. Hw much d yu pay fr renting a bike with hand brake and three gears fr tw days?
A. €15.75.B. €19.50.C. €22.75.D. €29.50.
【答案】C
【解析】数字计算题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。
数字计算题最常用的解题方法：1.仔细理解题干中的信息要求；2.从文章中定位计算需要的信息；3.通过简单的计算得出答案。
考向3 考查文章出处
1.（2022年新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A篇）
Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Belw 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade fr this curse: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Grup Assignments (30%)
Students will wrk in grups t cmplete fur assignments (作业) during the curse. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date thrugh Blackbard, ur nline learning and curse management system.
Daily Wrk/In-Class Writings and Tests/Grup Wrk/Hmewrk (10%)
Class activities will vary frm day t day, but students must be ready t cmplete shrt in-class writings r tests drawn directly frm assigned readings r ntes frm the previus class’s lecture/discussin, s it is imprtant t take careful ntes during class. Additinally, frm time t time I will assign grup wrk t be cmpleted in class r shrt assignments t be cmpleted at hme, bth f which will be graded.
Late Wrk
An essay nt submitted in class n the due date will lse a letter grade fr each class perid it is late. If it is nt turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zer. Daily assignments nt cmpleted during class will get a zer. Shrt writings missed as a result f an excused absence will be accepted.
21. Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A. A textbk.B. An exam paper.C. A curse plan.D. An academic article.
【答案】21. C
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章标题“Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t Literature (文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays (60%)部分“Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade f fr this curse (你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C项。
2.（2021·英语全国甲卷·阅读理解A篇）
A Take a view, the Landscape（风景）Phtgrapher f the Year Award, was the idea f Charlie Waite, ne f tday's mst respected landscape phtgraphers.Each year, the high standard f entries has shwn that the Awards are the perfect platfrm t shwcase the very best phtgraphy f the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual cmpetitin fr phtgraphers frm all cmers f the UK and beynd.
23．Where can the text be fund?
A．In a histry bk.B．In a nvel.C．In an art magazine.D．In a bigraphy.
【答案】23．C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Each year, the high standard f entries has shwn that the Awards are the perfect platfrm t shwcase the very best phtgraphy f the British landscape. Take a view is a desirable annual cmpetitin fr phtgraphers frm all cmers f the UK and beynd.”（每年参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。 对于英国和世界各地的摄影师来说，Take a view是一项令人向往的年度竞赛 ）结合下文对两位获奖者及其作品的介绍，可知这篇文章主要介绍了摄影比赛Take a view以及获奖的相关情况，最可能出现在一本艺术杂志上。故选C。
“推断文章出处”类试题应从文章的内容或结构入手来判断其出处：
旅游指南类文章(a travel guide)：此类文章旨在介绍某一旅游景点的自然景观和人文特色，目的是吸引游客来访。
广告英语类文章(an advertisement)：现代生活中广告无处不在，英语阅读理解也是如此。有时会考查微型海报、通知、启示、时刻表、图表等。
课件展示类文章(a class presentatin)：此类文章往往紧扣主题，口语性强、语言活泼，形式新颖，伴随有图片、图表、文字介绍等信息。
网络网页类文章(an Internet page)：此类文章往往会提供超级链接标志，如Fr mre infrmatin, please click here.
新闻报道类文章(a news reprt)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及人物、时政、教育、体育、科技等，突出新颖性、突发性和真实性。新闻呈“倒金字塔”结构，第一段概括全文内容最重要。
研究报告类文章(a research paper)：此类文章重点介绍科技领域最新研究成果：新发现、新思想、新发明。第一段概括介绍，然后分段陈述。文章结构严谨，语言规范，句式复杂。
图书评论类文章(a bk review)：书评、影评类文章涉及到作者介绍，内容梗概、人物性格评论，写作特色以及个人好恶等内容。
科普杂志类文章(a science magazine)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及到日常生活习惯、健康饮食、太空与海洋、创造与发明、计算机发展、人类未来、动物世界等。其重点是普及科学知识，提高科学素养。
考向4 考查寻找共同点题
1.（2023•全国乙卷·阅读理解A篇）
PRACTITIONERS
21. What did Jacqueline and James have in cmmn?
A. Ding teaching jbs.B. Being hired as physicians.
C. Perfrming surgery.D. Being banned frm medicine.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“Brn t a Jewish family in Flrence, she mved t Paris where she wrked as a physician and perfrmed surgery. (她出生于佛罗伦萨的一个犹太家庭，搬到巴黎当医生并做外科手术)”以及第二部分中的“She qualified as a surgen in 1813 (她获得了做外科医生的资格)”和“Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical prfessin living and wrking as a man. (Barry于1859年退休，她以男人的身份生活和工作，从事了整个医学职业)”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同点是都有资格进行外科手术。故选C。
2.（2021·全国高考乙卷·阅读理解A篇）
The Biggest Stadiums in the Wrld
Peple have been puring int stadiums since the days f ancient Greece. In arund 80 A．D．, the Rmans built the Clsseum, which remains the wrld’s best knwn stadium and cntinues t infrm cntemprary design. Rme’s Clsseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 peple. Hwever, that was small fry cmpared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accmmdated arund 250,000 peple.
These days, safety regulatins-nt t mentin the mdern sprts fan’s desire fr a gd view and cmfrtable seat—tend t keep stadium capacities（容量） slightly lwer. Even sccer fans tend t have a seat each; gne are the days f thusands standing t watch the match.
Fr the biggest stadiums in the wrld, we have used data supplied by the Wrld Atlas list s far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated infrmatin frm fficial stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still funtina1, still pen and still hsting the biggest events in wrld sprt.
·Rungrad 1st f May Stadium, Pyngyang D．P.R. Krea. Capacity: 150,000. Opened: May 1,1989.
·Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbr, Michigan, U. S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened: Octber 1, 1927.
·Beaver Stadium, State Cllege, Pennsylvania, U. S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, 1960.
·Ohi Stadium, Clumbus, Ohi, U. S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: Octber 7,1922.
·Kyle Field, Cllege Statin, Texas, U. S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24, 1927.
23．What d the listed stadiums have in cmmn?
A．They hst big games.B．They have becme turist attractins.
C．They were built by Americans.D．They are favred by architects.
【答案】23．A
【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“All these stadiums are still functinal, still pen and still hsting the biggest events in wrld sprt.” (所有这些体育场馆仍在使用，仍在开放，仍在举办世界上最大的体育赛事。)可知，这些体育馆都还在承办大型的体育赛事。故选A项。
1.结构法：如果属于“总分总”结构，多从“总处”找依据；
2.排除法：可以运用排除法，只要一项不合要求就应该排除；
3.关键词法：依据题干划出关键词语，据此知道答案。
阅读理解之应用文考点的必备知识：
一、命题规律：
1．命题规律：应用文主要考查细节理解，近年来也会考查推理判断、写作意图以及读者对象等。应用文阅读材料简单明了，主要考查考生快速而准确地获取和理解文中具体细节信息的能力。
2．考查类型：主要考查细节理解题兼顾推理判断题。
3．考查趋势：考题以考查广告、书信、列车或飞机的时刻表、产品说明书、宣传海报、简明新闻等应用文，他们的目的都是为了向读者传输信息。
二、 应用文主要设题类型及特点
1. 细节理解题：针对应用文体裁的阅读训练多出现细节理解题。应用文不同于一般的文章，应用文的措辞简洁明了、直截了当，在阅读时须重点注意细节信息，最好采取跳读这种阅读方法。如：活动的具体时间和地点是什么？音乐会的具体举办时间是什么？所倡议的活动是针对哪些人展开的？
2. 主旨大意题：应用文强调实用性，无论是信件、广告、通知，还是倡议书、海报等，在阅读时都应该快速掌握其主旨大意。如：海报介绍的那部电影？通知的是哪个活动？邀请哪些人参加什么活动？这些都是主旨大意题考查的内容。常见的主旨大意题的题干表达方式有“The pster intrduces us t _______.” “The e-mail mainly tells us abut _______.”
3. 观点态度题：作者往往通过海报、广告等形式的应用文表明自己对于某事的态度，也可以通过通知、倡议书、邀请函等形式暗示自己对某次活动的看法和态度。常见的观点态度题的题干表达方式有“What is the authr’s attitude twards...” “What des the authr think f ”
三、 常用的解题方法
1.应用文中的细节理解题：
在阅读应用文时主要是注意细节信息（时间、地点、人物或数据），做题时，根据所提问题中的关键词定位，用寻读、跳读的方法更有效。
【做题步骤】
1.不需读原文（有题目和小标题的要看），直接看问题，划出问题中的关键词
2.从题干中寻找关键词，定位问题答案
【注意】
①细节题的正确选项大都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性转换等)
②注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括
2.“共同点”题：①结构法：如果属于“总分总”结构，多从“总处”找依据；②排除法：可以运用排除法，只要一项不合要求就应该排除；③关键词法：依据题干划出关键词语，据此知道答案。
3.文章出处题：“推断文章出处”类试题应从文章的内容或结构入手来判断其出处：
旅游指南类文章(a travel guide)：此类文章旨在介绍某一旅游景点的自然景观和人文特色，目的是吸引游客来访。
广告英语类文章(an advertisement)：现代生活中广告无处不在，英语阅读理解也是如此。有时会考查微型海报、通知、启示、时刻表、图表等。
课件展示类文章(a class presentatin)：此类文章往往紧扣主题，口语性强、语言活泼，形式新颖，伴随有图片、图表、文字介绍等信息。
网络网页类文章(an Internet page)：此类文章往往会提供超级链接标志，如Fr mre infrmatin, please click here.
新闻报道类文章(a news reprt)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及人物、时政、教育、体育、科技等，突出新颖性、突发性和真实性。新闻呈“倒金字塔”结构，第一段概括全文内容最重要。
研究报告类文章(a research paper)：此类文章重点介绍科技领域最新研究成果：新发现、新思想、新发明。第一段概括介绍，然后分段陈述。文章结构严谨，语言规范，句式复杂。
图书评论类文章(a bk review)：书评、影评类文章涉及到作者介绍，内容梗概、人物性格评论，写作特色以及个人好恶等内容。
科普杂志类文章(a science magazine)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及到日常生活习惯、健康饮食、太空与海洋、创造与发明、计算机发展、人类未来、动物世界等。其重点是普及科学知识，提高科学素养。
【2024年高考命题预测】
根据高考考情分析2024年高考应用文是必考点。将主要考查：（1）细节理解题；（2）推理判断题（出处题）等。
预测考向1 考查细节理解题
（2024届河北省部分学校高三五调·阅读理解A）
Based n 2023’s new bk releases, we have a feeling that we’ll be reading all year lng. Belw, we re highlighting just a few f the new bks cming ut in 2023 that yu may want t check ut.
The Peple Wh Reprt Mre Stress
By Alejandr Valer
$24.18
Alejandr’s first nvel The Twn f Babyln came ut in 2022, and this frthcming shrt stry cllectin, full f memrable persnalities, explres similar themes: cmmunity, relatinships, mdern incredible life, racism and parenthd.
When Trying t Return Hme
By Jennifer Maritza McCauley
$25.11
Spanning (跨越) between Puert Ric, Pittsburgh, Luisiana and Miami, this shrt stry cllectin explres the cmplexities f belnging and the true meaning f hme. Each individual stry and the themes mentined are written thrugh the Black American and Afr-Latin experiences.
The Last Tale f the Flwer Bride
By Rshani Chkshi
$43.70
Rshani Chkshi’s first surprising nvel fr adults is a fairy tale-filled stry abut marriage and the secrets cuples keep frm each ther. That, and an enchanted (施过魔法的) huse ff the cast f Washingtn and htel frtune.
I Have Sme Questins fr Yu
By Rebecca Makkai
$27.90
Imagine if yur life was the stuff f a true crime dcumentary. Bdie Kane has tried t mve n past the 1995 murder f her barding schl rmmate. When she returns t the barding schl as an adult, Bdie realizes there are still mysteries abut hw the case was wrapped up and justice was served.
1．What d we knw abut The Peple Wh Reprt Mre Stress?
A．It’s the secnd expensive f the fur.
B．It’s Alejandr Valer’s first nvel.
C．It cnsists f sme shrt stries.
D．It deals with several different themes.
2．What is special abut When Trying t Return Hme?
A．It explres cmmunity, relatinships and s n.
B．It tells the true meaning f hme by experiences.
C．It tells an enchanted huse ff the cast f Washingtn.
D．It describes hw a Black American returns t his hme.
3．Which f the fllwing bks best suits a detective stry lver?
A．The Peple Wh Reprt Mre Stress
B．When Trying t Return Hme
C．The Last Tale f the Flwer Bride
D．I Have Sme Questins fr Yu
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2023年发行的四本书。
1．细节理解题。根据The Peple Wh Reprt Mre Stress部分的“Alejandr’s first nvel The Twn f Babyln came ut in 2022,and this frthcming shrt stry cllectin (亚历杭德罗的第一部小说《巴比伦城》于2022年出版，这本即将出版的短篇故事集)”可知，这本书是短篇故事集。故选C。
2．细节理解题。从When Trying t Return Hme部分中的“this shrt stry cllectin explres the cmplexities f belnging and the true meaning f hme. Each individual stry and the themes mentined are written thrugh the Black American and Afr-Latin experiences. (这本短篇小说集探讨了归属的复杂性和家的真正意义。每个人的故事和提到的主题都是通过美国黑人和非裔拉丁美洲人的经历写成的)”可知，此书通过主人公的经历告诉我们家的意义。故选B。
3．细节理解题。从最后一段“Bdie Kane has tried t mve n past the 1995 murder f her barding schl rmmate. When she returns t the barding schl as an adult, Bdie realizes there are still mysteries abut hw the case was wrapped up and justice was served. (博迪·凯恩试图忘掉1995年她寄宿学校室友被谋杀的事。当她成年后回到寄宿学校时，博迪意识到案件是如何结束的，正义是如何得到伸张的，这仍然是一个谜)”可知，I Have Sme Questins fr Yu是一本侦探小说，适合侦探故事爱好者。故选D。
预测考向2 考查数字计算题
（2024•广东省高三联考·阅读理解A）
Special Events in Discvery Center Museum
Discvery Center Museum is a children’s science museum lcated in dwntwn Rckfrd, Illinis. Every year Discvery Center ffers a large number f special events, prgrams, classes and mre.
All special events are included with admissin t Discvery Center Museum. General admissin: $10.00 adults; $10.00 children ages 2-17; free t Discvery Center Members and children age 1 and yunger.
Mini Mnet—Preschl Prgram
September 11, 2023 10: 00 am until 11: 30 am
PARENTS OF PRESCHOOLERS! Encurage yur yung child’s interest in art with special prjects in the Art Studi. Our new “Mini Mnet” drp-in prgram will explre a different art medium fur times this fall. The prgram is fr children ages 2-6, alng with their grwn-ups. We will celebrate nature in ur Secret Garden “painting” with tissue paper. Mnet himself wuld be prud!
Cmmunity Superheres t the Rescue
September 20, 2023 10: 00 am until 2: 00 pm
Wear yur favrite superher cstume and jin ur gathering f cmmunity superheres. Meet REAL emergency first respnders and explre the science ur cmmunity heres use every day. If it desn’t get called fr an emergency, yu can even get up clse t the Mercyhealth REACT helicpter and an MDI respnse vehicle frm 10 am t Nn in ur parking lt. In the afternn, enjy K-9 dg demnstratins at 1: 00 and 1: 30 pm.
Jim Gill Cncert
Octber 2, 2023 10: 00 am until 1: 00 pm
Cncerts at 10: 00 am and 1: 00 pm. Get ready t sing, clap, dance and spin alng during this visit by award-winning musician and authr Jim Gill. Jim Gill’s distinctive music play is an invitatin t children, parents and grandparents t sing and play tgether.
Magic & Fairy Tales
Octber 14, 2023 10: 00 am-2: 30 pm
Magic and fairy tales cme t life at Discver Center! Cme dressed in cstume and enjy a wnderful day f magic shws f TNZ Magic activities as well as activities related t belved fairy tales.
1．Hw much d a cuple with a 2-aged by pay t attend Mini Mnet-Preschl Prgram?
A．$10.00.B．$20.00.C．$30.00.D．$40.00.
【答案】1．C
【解析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍探索中心博物馆的特别活动。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“All special events are included with admissin t Discvery Center Museum. General admissin: $10.00 adults; $10.00 children ages 2-17; free t Discvery Center Members and children age 1 and yunger.(所有特别活动都包含在探索中心博物馆的门票中。普通门票：成人：10美元;；2到17岁的孩子：10美元；探索中心会员和1岁及以下儿童免费)”可知，一对夫妇带着一个2岁的孩子参加活动的话需要花费30元。故选C。
预测考向3 考查文章出处题
（2024·皖南八校高三第二次大联考·阅读理解A）
We lk frward t welcming yu t The Met! Please review ur visitr guidelines utlined belw prir t yur visit. The Met reserves the right t ask visitrs wh d nt fllw these guidelines t leave the museum.
Health and Safety
The health and safety f all is ur pririty. Masks are strngly recmmended.
Admissin
Entrance int The Met requires a ticket r membership card. General admissin is $30 fr adults, $22 fr senirs, and $17 fr students. Admissin is free fr members, a caregiver accmpanying a visitr with a disability, and children under 12.
Opening Hurs
Sunday-Tuesday, and Thursday: 10 p.m.
Friday and Saturday: 10 a.m. -9 p.m.
The Met is clsed n Wednesdays, Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, New Year Day, and the first Mnday in May.
Rules
◆ All visitrs and Members must pass thrugh security checks.
◆ Smking, including electrnic cigarettes, is nt allwed in The Met r near the entrances.
◆ Please preserve yur ticket. Yu may be asked t re-validate (使重新生效) yur ticket when exiting and re-entering the galleries.
◆ The Met reserves the right t refuse the entry f any visitr carrying the fllwing prhibited items: large bags, luggage, musical instruments, glass cntainers, liquids ther than water, sprting gds, and dgs r ther pets (Service animals are welcme.).
◆ The Met permits phtgraphy and vide fr private, nn-cmmercial use.
Staff at Yur Service
If yu have left smething behind at The Met, please call the Lst and Fund Office at 212-570-3981 r email inf@metmuseum.rg. If yu are currently visiting The Met, yu can inquire directly at the Security Desk in the Great Hall.
23．What is the text?
A．Financial statements.B．Entrance regulatins.
C．Registratin instructins.D．Experimental prcedures.
【答案】 23．B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇参观博物馆的章程。
23．推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中“The Met reserves the right t ask visitrs wh d nt fllw these guidelines t leave the museum. (The Met博物馆有权要求不遵守这些指导方针的游客离开博物馆)”可知，本文为一篇参观博物馆的章程。故选B项。
预测考向4 考查读者对象
（2024·河南省新乡市高三第一次模拟·阅读理解A）
If yu’re lking t lse weight r maintain healthy weight levels, it is imprtant t include atmeal (燕麦片) in yur diet. It is highly nutritius, cntains the best kind f cmplex carbs (碳水化合物), and is high in fiber. Let’s learn smething abut it.
Why is atmeal effective fr lsing weight?
●First and fremst, atmeal is a perfect surce f fiber, which is essential if yu’re lking t lse weight. Simply put, including mre fiber int yur daily diet is the easiest way t drp thse punds. Why? Fiber makes yu feel full in additin t digesting slwly, and s yu eat less.
●Anther factr is that atmeal has a zer sugar index, meaning yur bdy wn’t need t prduce the extra insulin (胰岛素) that transfers sugar int stred fat. It ges withut saying that if yu have less stred fat t begin with, yu are ging t weigh less.
Which kind f atmeal is best?
If yur gal is t lse weight, yu shuld be aware that nt all atmeal is the same. The fur mst cmmn types are steel-cut atmeal, rlled atmeal, quick atmeal and instant atmeal.
●Steel-cut atmeal: It cntains the mst fiber and has the lwest bld sugar index. It is unprcessed and has a nuttier flavr than the ther tw whereas quick atmeal has the mildest flavr.
●Rlled and quick atmeal: They are nearly as gd, s ultimately the decisin is mstly abut taste preference.
●Instant atmeal: It cntains added sugar and is highly prcessed, s yu end up with nne f the health benefits but with all f the things yu shuldn’t be eating if yu want t lse weight.
Althugh reducing yur calrie intake and eating the right fds is imprtant, any weight lss prgram shuld als include exercise s that yu dn’t lse muscle mass.
21．Wh is the text mainly intended fr?
A．Peple wanting t be quickly recharged.
B．Peple lnging t keep healthy weight levels.
C．Peple wh are eager t prepare quick breakfast.
D．Peple wh prefer t gain weight rather than lse weight.
【答案】21．B
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了燕麦片的作用及常见种类。
21．推理判断题。根据第一段“If yu’re lking t lse weight r maintain healthy weight levels, it is imprtant t include atmeal (燕麦片) in yur diet.(如果你想减肥或保持健康的体重水平，在饮食中加入燕麦片是很重要的。)”可知，文章是写给那些渴望保持健康的体重的人。故选B。
预测考向5 考查寻找共同点题
（2024•辽宁省辽东南协作校高三月考·阅读理解A）
Recmmended Bks f This Summer
Hell Beautiful
by Ann Naplitan (Dial, $28)
A yung lner marries int a family whse fur sisters are fnd f likening themselves t Little Wmen’s characters. Over the curse f thirty years, the siblings (兄弟姐妹) will grw up and change, and their sisterhd will be repeatedly challenged. Thrughut, the sisters remain themselves. Hwever, their shrtcmings areas deeply rted as their nature f kindness.
Cmmitment
by Mna Simpsn (Knpf, $30)
In Mna Simpsn’s latest nvel, three siblings push int adulthd just as their mther is sent t a mental hspital. They are tgether, alne in the wrld. As Walter builds a business career, Lina pursues art, and Dnnie is addicted t drugs, their every prblem is trubled by questins abut mney, their mther, and each ther. Whatever happens, their cmmitment (承诺) t ne anther is unchanging.
Brther & Sister Enter the Frest
by Richard Mirabella (Catapult, $27)
Richard Mirabella’s first bk is mst impressive in its descriptin f a never-shifting sibling relatinship. When trubled Justin shws up at his sister’s dr seeking help, Willa is cautius. Mirabella captures the push and pull between tw characters whse lve just might help each f them escape the “bubble f lss and fear”.
Siblings
by Brigitte Reimann (Transit, $17)
This nvel set in 1960 East Germany brings the past s clse that it barely feels past. It pens with a yung wman arguing with her belved brther t try t persuade him frm leaving fr West Germany. Reimann, wh lst a brther t the West that same spring, truly believed the East German way was better.
3．What are the fur bks have in cmmn?
A．They are all abut siblings.B．They belng t true stries.
C．They deal with mental prblems.D．They are published by the same publisher.
【答案】 3．A
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本有关兄弟姐妹的书。
3．细节理解题。根据第一部分中“A yung lner marries int a family whse fur sisters are fnd f likening themselves t Little Wmen’s characters.(一个年轻的独行侠嫁进了一个家庭，这个家庭的四个姐妹喜欢把自己比作《小妇人》中的人物)”；第二部分中“In Mna Simpsn’s latest nvel, three siblings push int adulthd just as their mther is sent t a mental hspital.(在莫娜·辛普森的最新小说中，三个兄弟姐妹长大成人，而他们的母亲却被送进了精神病院)”；第三部分中“Richard Mirabella’s first bk is mst impressive in its descriptin f a never-shifting sibling relatinship.(理查德·米拉贝拉的第一本书最令人印象深刻的是它对永不改变的兄弟姐妹关系的描述)”以及第四部分中“It pens with a yung wman arguing with her belved brther t try t persuade him frm leaving fr West Germany. Reimann, wh lst a brther t the West that same spring, truly believed the East German way was better.(影片一开始，一个年轻女子和她深爱的哥哥争吵，试图说服他不要去西德。同年春天，雷曼在西德失去了一个兄弟，他坚信东德的方式更好)”可知，这四本书的共同点是都是关于兄弟姐妹的。故选A项。
年份
试题来源
主题语境
文章字数
题型分类
2023
新高考I卷
人与社会：阿姆斯特丹自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作
208
2个细节理解题
1个推理判断题
新高考 = 2 \* ROMAN II卷
人与自然：黄石国家公园提供的几项护林员项目
253
3个细节理解题
2022
新高考I卷
人与社会：文学概论课程评分办法
236
1个细节理解题
2个推理判断题
新高考 = 2 \* ROMAN II卷
人与社会：关于儿童博物馆团体游的相关信息
235
3个细节理解题
2021
新高考I卷
人与社会：罗马的几个价格低廉，安全舒适的旅馆
288
3个细节理解题
新高考 = 2 \* ROMAN II卷
人与社会：夏天约克郡的四个活动
256
3个细节理解题
考点要求
考题统计
考情分析
细节理解题
3年15考
【命题规律】
根据新高考三年的考情分析，应用文主要集中考查：细节理解题和推理判断题。应用文的内容简单，多是生活实际中的广告类文章，目的是让学生学习生活英语，做到学以致用。
【命题预测】
2024年高考还会考查应用文，总是在阅读的开篇考查，是试题难度较低的试题。这篇阅读理解要拿满分。
推理判断题
3年3考
Hand Brake, Three Gears
Ft Brake, N Gears
1 hur
€7.50
€5.00
3 hurs
€11.00
€7.50
1 day (24 hurs)
€14.75
€9.75
Each additinal day
€8.00
€6.00
Mike Shepherd(2011)
Skiddaw in Winter
Cumbria, England
It was an extremely cld winter's evening and freezing fg hung in the air. I climbed t the tp f a small rise and realised that the mist was little mre than a few feet deep, and thugh it was nly a shrt climb, I fund myself cmpletely abve it and lking at a wnderfully clear view f Skiddaw with the sum setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated frm my cllege days spent in the darkrm int Phtshp, t achieve the black—and—white image（图像）.
Timthy Smith(2014)
Macclesfield Frest
Cheshire, England
I was back in my hme twn f Macclesfield t take sme winter images. Walking up a path thrugh the frest twards Shutlingsle. a lcal high pint, I came acrss a small clearing and immediately nticed the dead yellw grasses set against the fresh snw. The small pine added t the interest and I placed it centrally t take the view frm the fregrund right thrugh int the frest.
Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicin that wmen practicing medicine faced. Brn t a Jewish family in Flrence, she mved t Paris where she wrked as a physician and perfrmed surgery. In 1322 she was tried fr practicing unlawfully. In spite f the curt hearing testimnials (证明) f her ability as a dctr, she was banned frm medicine.
James Barry (c.1789 — 1865) was brn Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University t study medicine. She qualified as a surgen in 1813, then jined the British Army, serving verseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical prfessin living and wrking as a man.
Tan Yunxian (1461 — 1554) was a Chinese physician wh learned her skills frm her grandparents. Chinese wmen at the time culd nt serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with dctrs. Hwever, Tan passed the fficial exam. Tan treated wmen frm all walks f life. In 1511, Tan wrte a bk, Sayings f a Female Dctr, describing her life as a physician.
Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895) wrked as a nurse fr eight years befre studying in medical cllege in Bstn in 1860. Fur years later, she was the first African American wman t receive a medical degree. She mved t Virginia in 1865, where she prvided medical care t freed slaves.
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