中考英语语法基础知识复习课件

这是一份中考英语语法基础知识复习课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了 名词性物主代词 ，不定式，动名词，主语从句，形容词，现在分词，过去分词短语，不定式短语，动名词短语，介词短语等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第 一 讲 词 句子成分 句子
一.英语句子的构成:词（短语）→句子成分（从句）→句子→段落→语篇)
二.英语词(短语)的分类A.根据词的形式、意义及其在句子中的功用将词分为若干类，叫做词类（parts f speech）。英语的词通常分为十大类：
1.名词（nun，缩写为n.）是人和事物的名称。2.代词（prnun, 缩写为prn.）是用来代替名词 的词。3.形容词（adjective，缩写为adj.）用来修饰名词。4.动词（verb，缩写为 v.）表示动作和状态5.副词（adverb, 缩写为adv.）是修饰动词、形容 词和副词的词。
6.连词（cnjunctin, 缩写为cnj.）是连接词、 短语、从句和句子的词。7.介词（prepsitin, 缩写为prep.）表示 名词（或代词）与句子里其它词的关系。8.冠词（article, 缩写为 art.）说明名词所指的人 或物的词。9.数词（numeral, 缩写为num.）是表示“多少” 和“第几”的词。10.感叹词（interjectin, 缩写为int.）表示感情。 如:h，aha, well, etc.
B. 短语（phrase）具有一定意义，在句子里可以 单独作为一个句子成分。英语短语主要有：不定式短语（infinitive phrase） 如：He likes t read newspaper after supper.动名词短语（gerundial phrase）如：Staying indrs all day is unhealthy.分词短语（participial phrase）如：I saw many peple walking alng the lake.The bridge built last year is nw being repaired.介词短语（prepsitinal phrase）如：He came here by bus.
1.名词(nun)定义：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词，叫做名词。例如：baby time air Shanghai 名词的分类：英语名词可以分为 1）普通名词(cmmn nun) 普通名词是某一类人、某一类事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名词。例如：student water pleasure machine health 2）专有名词(prper nun)专有名词是个别的人、团体、地方、机构或事物的名称。其中的实词的第一个字母必须大写。例如： Lei Feng China Guangzhu the Great Wall Peiying Middle Schl
普通名词可进一步分为：1）集体名词(cllective nun)：集体名词是某一些人或物的总称。例如：class team family army2）物质名词(material nun)物质名词表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的实物。例如： water air hire steel grain 3）抽象名词(abstract nun)抽象名词表示动作、状态、品质或其他抽象概念。例如： happiness sadness wrk pleasure 名词又可分为可数名词(cuntable nun)和不可数名词(uncuntable nun)：可数名词: students cmputers tmates pians 不可数名词： rain water pleasure advice注意： glass glasses paper papers tea teas fruit fruits water waters
2.代词(prnun)定义：代词是代替名词的词。 代词的分类：英语代词可以分为 1）人称代词 (persnal prnun)
2）物主代词 表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词。物主代词可以分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 形容词性物主代词
3）反身代词 表示反射（指一个动作回射到该动作执行者本身）或强调（即用来加强名词或代词的语气）的代词叫做反身代词。
4）不定代词 不是指明代替任何特定名词（或形容词）的代词叫做不定代词。 sme smething smebdy smeneany anything anybdy anynen nthing nbdy n neevery everything everybdy everyneall bth neither either nne each ther(s) anther ne much many few a few little a little另外，英语代词还有： 指示代词 疑问代词 关系代词 相互代词
3. 形容词 形容词(adjective) 是修饰名词表示名词属性的词，常放在它所修饰的名词之前 (形容词修饰不定代词smething, anything, nthing等须后置)。例如： a lvely baby the beautiful picture mdern histry smething imprtant nthing wrng形容词有比较级和最高级，不用比较等级的形容词称为原级。形容词的比较级形式是：“adj. ＋er” 或“mre＋adj.”。它的最高级形式是：“adj.＋est” 或 mst ＋adj.” 例如：great greater greatest brave braver bravest happy happier happiest clever cleverer cleverest difficult mre difficult mst difficult
注意：1) 闭音节单音节词 末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er 和-est. big bigger biggest ht htter httest thin thinner thinnest2)不规则变化： gd (well) better best bad wrse wrst many (much) mre mst little less least far farther, further farthest, furthest
4. 副词 副词(adverb) 修饰动词、形容词和其他副词等，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。例如： ften quickly firmly early happily hw when where why hwever therefre therwise副词也有比较级和最高级，不用比较等级的副词称为原级。副词的比较级形式和最高级形式变化与形容词完全相同 adj.” 例如：hard harder hardest fast faster fastest early earlier earliest quickly mre quickly mst quickly badly wrse wrst
5. 数词 表示“多少” 和“第几”的词，叫做数词(numeral)。数次可分为基数词和序数词。 例如： ne tw three fur five nine twelvefirst secnd third furth fifth ninth twelfth分数和百分数：1/3 ne-third 2/3 tw-thirds90% ninety percent 35% thirty-five percent 编号用基数词：Unit 1 Exercise 5 Rm 302 Class 7 Senir ne有的也可以用序数词表示：the secnd flr年、月、日表示法：Octber 1, 1949 May 18, 1996
三.英语句子成分英语句子成分有主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、宾语(bject)、表语(predicative)、定语(attribute)和状语(adverbial)、补语(cmplement)等。
（一）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：During the 1990s, American cuntry music has becme mre and mre ppular.We ften speak English in class. T swim in the river is a great pleasure.
It is necessary t master a freign language.Smking des harm t the health. When we are ging t have an English test has nt been decided.There is a super market arund the street crner.With the bell ringing, in came ur teacher.(二)谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。 The sun rises in the east.He practices running every mrning. Yu may keep the bk fr tw weeks. He has caught a bad cld. The delegatin is t visit a few western cuntries.
（三）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如 be, becme, get, lk, grw, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。Our teacher f English is an American. The new expensive bicycle is mine.  The weather has turned cld.  The speech is exciting. Our teacher was satisfied with my wrk. Three times seven is twenty ne?  His jb is t teach English. His hbby is playing ftball. The machine must be ut f rder. Time is up. The class is ver. The truth is that he has never been abrad.
（四）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于 及物动词和介词后面。例如：  They went t see an exhibitin（展览）yesterday.  The heavy rain prevented me frm cming t schl n time.  Hw many dictinaries d yu have? I have five.  He pretended nt t see me. The ld wman didn’t knw what t d. I enjy listening t ppular music.  He is used t wrking at night. I think（that）he is fit fr his ffice.宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。Lend me yur dictinary, please.（2）复合宾语 They elected him their mnitr.
（五）宾语补足语： 英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补助语，对宾语的动作、状态、身份、特征等内容进行补充说明,才能使句子的意义完整。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式(短语)、分词(短语)、介词短语和从句充当。例如： We elected him ur mnitr. They painted their bat white. Let the fresh air in. Yu mustn’t frce him t lend his mney t yu.We saw her entering the rm. When I came back t my hmetwn, I fund it greatly changed. We fund everything in the lab in gd rder. We will sn make ur city what yur city is nw.
（六）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下列词、短语、句子表示：  Guilin is a beautiful city.  China is a develping cuntry; America is a develped cuntry.  There are thirty wmen teachers is ur schl.  His rapid prgress in English made us surprised.  Our mnitr is always the first t enter the classrm. The teaching plan fr next term has been wrked ut. He is reading an article abut hw t learn English.Thank yu fr the help which yu have given me.
（七）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示：  Light travels mst quickly.  He has lived in the city fr ten years.  He is prud t have passed the natinal cllege entrance examinatin.  He is in the rm making a mdel plane.  Given mre time, we’ll d much better. Once yu begin, yu must cntinue.  状语种类：  Hw abut meeting again at six?（时间状语）  Last night she didn’t g t the dance party because f the rain.（原因状语）  I shall g there if it desn’t rain.（条件状语）  Mr Smith lives n the third flr.（地点状语）
 She put the eggs int the basket with great care.（方式状语）  She came in with a dictinary in her hand.（伴随状语）  In rder t catch up with the thers, I must wrk harder.（目的状语）  He was s tired that he fell asleep immediately.（结果状语）  She wrks very hard thugh she is ld.（让步状语）  I am taller than he is.（比较状语）
四.词类和句子成分的关系在句子里，一定的词类（短语）可以充当一定的句子成分；反过来说，一定的句子成分要由一定的词类（短语）来担任。
阅读并划分下列句子成分：1. The teacher’s decisin made Jhn happy.2. He did the wrk yesterday, but he did nt finish it.3. The dishes taste delicius.4. Wrk and play are bth necessary t health.5. The hrse is a useful animal.6. Yu must remember t tell him all that.7. I finished my hmewrk just nw.8. A wd fire was burning n the hearth, and a dg was sleeping in frnt f it.9. I fund a nte n my car this mrning.10. The stream wund its way acrss the field.
阅读下面短文并指出划线部分的句子成分： 1. Many cities arund the wrld tday are heavily plluted. Careless methds f prductin and lack f cnsumer demanding fr envirnment friendly prducts have cntributed t the pllutin prblem. One result is that millins f tns f glass, paper, plastic, and metal cntainers are prduced, and these are difficult t get rid f.
2. In the secnd half f each year, many pwerful strms are brn in the trpic Atlantic and Caribbean seas. Of these, nly abut half a dzen becmes the strng, circling winds f 75 miles per hur r mre that are called hurricane, and several usually make their way t the cast. There they cause millins f dllars f damage, and bring death t large numbers f peple.
语法填空: (2009年广东省高考英语试题）     阅读下面短文, 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求, 在空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空, 并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31～40的相应位置上。
Jane was walking rund the department stre. She remembered hw difficult 31__ was t chse a suitable Christmas present fr her father. She wished that he was as easy 32_________ (please) as her mther, wh was always delighted with perfume.Besides, shpping at this time f the year was nt 33___ pleasant experience: peple stepped n yur feet r 34______ (push) yu with their elbws (肘部), hurrying ahead t get t a bargain. Jane paused in frnt f a cunter 35______ sme
attractive ties were n display. “They are real silk,” the assistant tried t attract her. “Wrth duble the price.” But Jane knew frm past experience that her 36_______ (chse) f ties hardly ever pleased her father. Jane stpped where a small crwd f men had gathered. She fund sme gd quality pipes 37__sale. She did nt hesitate fr lng: althugh her father smked a pipe nly nce in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bund t please 38____. When Jane gt hme, with her small but well-chsen present in her bag, her parents were already 39___ table having supper. Her mther was excited. “Yur father has at last decided t stp smking,” Jane 39____________ (infrm).
was infrmed
语法填空：(2008年广东省高考英语试题）
Chinese prverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese peple’s daily life. 1________ these prverbs there are ften interesting stries. Fr example, the prverb, “plucking up a crp 2_______ (help) it grw”, is based n the fllwing stry. It is said that a shrt-tempered man in the Sng Dynasty（960-1279）was very anxius t help 3____ rice crp grw up quickly. He was thinking abut 4_______ day and night. But the crp was grwing much slwer than he expected. One day, he came up with an idea 5______ he wuld pluck up all his crp a few inches . He did s the next day.
He was very tired 6_____ ding this fr a whle day, 7______ he felt very happy since the crp did “grw”8______ (high). His sn heard abut this, and went t see the crp. Unfrtunately the leaves f the crp began t wither. This prverb is saying we have t let things g in their 9________ (nature) curse. Being t anxius t help an event develp ften 10_______(result) in the cntrary t ur intentin.
第二讲 英语基本句子句型
英语简单句有五种基本句子结构形式，即：1）主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P )2）主语+谓（不及物动词）(S+Vi )3）主语+谓（及物动词)+宾语 (S+V+O )4）主语+谓（及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语 (S+V+IO+DO)5）主语+谓（及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语） (S+V+O+C)
主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P )在这类结构中最常用的系动词是be, lk（看起来），sund（听起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（摸起来，感到），seem（似乎，好象），appear（显得，好象），remain（仍是），keep（保持），becme（变得，成为）turn（变得，成为），get（变得），g（变得）等表示状态和变化的词。e.g. The weather is very cld. We believe that China will becme strnger. Our city is at the crssing f sme imprtant railways. He was s wrn ut that he fell asleep as sn as he went t bed.翻译下列句子：1.Mrs. Li是我们的语文老师Mrs. Li is ur Chinese teacher.
2.秋天树叶变黄了。In autumn leaves turn yellw.3.哪辆自行车是我的？ Which bike is mine?4.他的职责就是为人民服务。His duty is t serve the peple.5.数学老师在办公室里。The maths teacher is in the ffice.6.昨天的足球赛真是一场令人激动的比赛。The ftball match held yesterday was really exciting . 7.大地覆盖者白雪。The grund is cvered with snw.8.这就是他迟到的原因。That’s why he was late.
系动词归纳:1)表特征或状态存在：be appear feel lk prve seem smell sund taste 2)表状态持续：cntinue keep remain stay 3)表状态变化：becme cme fall get grw g run turn
(2) 主语+谓语(不及物动词)(S+Vi )此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。 这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 1. Hw time flies.　时间飞快。2. I will g back hme this Saturday.这个星期六我会回家。3. The car stpped.　车停了。4. Here cmes the bus.　公车来了。5. Did yu sleep well?　　昨晚睡得好吗？6. The sun is rising. 　　太阳正在升起。7. The plane tk ff n time.飞机及时起飞。8. When did the war break ut?战争什么时候爆发的？9. Hw did the accident cme abut? 事故是怎样发生的？
翻译下列句子：1.他每天骑自行车上学。He ges t schl by bike every day.2.太阳从东方升起，西方落下。The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.3.昨天夜晚那家商场发生了一场大火。A big fire brke ut at the shp last night.4.会议已经开了近两小时。The meeting has lasted tw hurs.
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。 常用于这句型的动词有：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hpe, intend, learn, need, ffer, pretend, prmise, prpse, purpse, refuse, want, wish等。1. Wh knws the answer? 谁知道答案？2. He has refused t help them. 他拒绝帮他们的忙。3. He enjys reading. 他喜欢看书。4. They ate what was left ver. 他们吃了剩饭。5. He said “Gd mrning.” 他说：“早上好！ 6. I want t have a cup f tea. 我想喝杯茶。7. He admits that he was mistaken. 他承认犯了错误。
(3) 主语+谓(及物动词+宾语)(S+V+O )
翻译下列句子:1.昨天我给我妈妈写了一封信。Yesterday he wrte a letter t his mther.2.从孩提时代我们就相互认识了。We have knwn each ther since we were bys.3.他希望中学毕业后去上大学。He hpes t g t cllege after he finishes middle schl.4.你喜欢读中国日报吗？D yu enjy reading China Daily?5.我真得不知道如何是好。I really dn’t knw what t d?6.你能告诉我去最近的邮局怎么走好?Culd yu tell me hw I can get t the nearest pst-ffice?
(4) 主语+谓(及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语) e.g. She taught them physics. A car factry will bring the prvince mre jbs. 翻译下列句子：1.他给我们讲了一个动人的故事。They tld us a mving stry.2.她父亲给她买了一件漂亮的生日礼物。Her father bught her a beautiful gift fr her birthday.3.请给我们唱支歌吧！Please sing us a sng!4.你能帮我一把吗？Culd yu give me a hand?5.公共汽车上她把她的座位让给了一位老人。She ffered an ld man her seat n the bus.
这类句子结构大部分可以和主语+谓+宾语+介词短语结构互换She gave me a bk.She gave a bk t me.Bill ffered her a candy.Bill ffered a candy t her.I’ll buy yu sme clthes. I’ll buy sme clthes fr yu.I’ll cut yu a piece f cake.I’ll cut a piece f cake fr yu.She kissed her gd-byeThey fined him ＄25.
附: 常用于此种句型结构的动词主要有:allw bring buy call cause chse ck cst d find frbid get give hand leave lend lse make ffer pass prmise read save sell send set shw sing take teach tell write etc.
(5) 主语+谓(及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语) e.g. We must keep the rm warm. The villagers didn’t allw them t d this. I will keep the bx in the shade. 翻译下列句子：1.我们选他当班长。We elected him ur mnitr.2.假如你用煤气做饭，你应该让窗户开者。Yu shuld keep the windw pen if yu use gas fr cking. 3.她说服她的父亲把烟给戒了。She persuaded her father t give up smking.
4.昨天当我路过Tm房间时， 我听见他在唱歌。I heard Tm singing when I passed by his rm yesterday. 5.你在哪里理得发？Where did yu have yur hair cut?6.你能告诉我这个单词怎么读吗？Culd yu tell me hw I can prnunce the wrd?
可接复合宾语的常见动词有：ask, tell, find, help, like, allw, take, make, let, have frce , call, advise, persuade , watch, see, hear, feel , cnsider , chse, elect etc.
判断下列各句属于哪一种基本句型:
1.Did yu bserve the birds flying arund the trees?2.The factry prduce 1000 cars a week.3.I will get smene t repair the recrder fr explanatin sunds wrte his family a letter yu fixed my watch?7.He was s tired that he fell asleep the mment he went t must get the task finished n sun rises in the east and sets in the night, the prfessr gave us a talk n English study.
翻译下列句子：1.你的故事听起来很有趣。2.我感到有一点累。3.我妹妹是在农村长大的。4.这家医院创建于1950年。5.他因为车子开得太快而违反了交通规则。6.他拿出一瓶啤酒，很快将其喝光。 7.顺便问一下，她把钱付给你了吗？ 8.下学期谁教你们生物？ 9.他总是把他的卧室收拾得干干净净。 10.什么促使你这样想的？
翻译下列句子：1.你的故事听起来很有趣。 Yur stry sunds very interesting.2.我感到有一点累。 I felt a bit tired.3.我妹妹是在农村长大的。 My yunger sister grew up in the cuntry. 4.这家医院创建于1950年。 This hspital was set up in 1950.5.他因为车子开得太快而违反了交通规则。 He brke the traffic rule because he drve his car t fast.
6.他拿出一瓶啤酒，很快将其喝光。 He brught ut a bttle f beer and drank it up quickly.7.顺便问一下，她把钱付给你了吗？ By the way, has she paid yu the mney?8.下学期谁教你们生物？ Wh will teach yu bilgy next term?9.他总是把他的卧室收拾得干干净净。 He always keeps his bedrm clean.10.什么促使你这样想的？ What made yu think s?
但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短，这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语（mdifier）而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。下面以基本句 型五为例：
1. We fund the hall full. 我们发现礼堂坐满了。 2. We fund the great hall full f students and teachers. 我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。 3. We fund the great hall full f students and teachers listening t an imprtant reprt. 我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个重要报告。 4. We fund the great hall full f students and teachers listening t an imprtant reprt made by a cmrade frm the Peple's Daily n current affairs in East Eurpe. 我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听人民日报的一位同志作有关 东欧局势的重要报告。
基本句型 二 主＋系＋表 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, lk, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grw, becme, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。 1. This is an English-Chinese dictinary. 这是本英汉辞典。 2. The dinner smells gd. 午餐的气味很好。 3. He fell in lve. 他堕入了情网。 4. Everything lks different. 一切看来都不同了。 5. He is grwing tall and strng. 他长得又高又壮。 6. His face turned red. 他的脸红了。 7. Our well has gne dry. 我们的井干枯了。 8. The truble is that they are shrt f mney. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。
1) She gave me a bk.她给了我一本书。　Bill ffered her a candy.比尔给了她一块糖。　He left them sme mney.他给他们留下一些钱。　The bank laned us ￡5,000.银行贷给我们五千英镑。2) He rdered me a TV-set.他给我定购了一台电视机。　I’ll buy yu sme clthes.我要给你买一些衣裳。　I’ll cut yu a piece f cake.我要给你切一片蛋糕。　Sing us a sng.给我们唱一支歌。3) She kissed her gd-bye.她吻别了她的儿子。　I’ve cme t keep yu cmpany.我来给你做伴。　They fined him ＄25.他们罚了他25美元。
基本句型五 主＋谓＋宾＋宾补 此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。 1. They appinted him manager. 他们任命他当经理。 2. They painted the dr green.他们把门漆成绿色。 3. This set them thinking. 这使得他们要细想一想。 4. They fund the huse deserted. 他们发现那房子无人居住。 5. What makes him think s? 他怎么会这样想？ 6. We saw him ut. 我们送他出去。 7. He asked me t cme back sn. 他要我早点回来。 8. I saw them getting n the bus. 我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。
1、简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语动词（或并列谓语动词）构成的句子。2、并列句：由两个或两个以上等立而又 相互独立的简单句构成，两个简单句由并列连词连在一起。 其结构是： 简单句+并列连词+简单句3、复合句：简单句中的某一个成分由一个句子来充当。
第三讲 英语句子的种类
一、句子类型（从结构分）
一、句子类型（从目的、用途分）
陈述句 疑问句 祈使句 感叹句
Hw + adj. ( +S + V) !
What + n. ( +S + V) !
简单句 (simple sentence)只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语动词（或并列谓语动词）构成的句子。Mary pened the drMary pened the dr and greeted the guests.There is a cmputer n the desk.He bught me a pair f shes fr my birthday.Teacher advised me nt t smke.I saw him playing basketball.
并列句(cmpund sentence):由两个或两个以上等立而又 相互独立的简单句构成，两个简单句由并列连词连在一起。 其结构是： 简单句+并列连词+简单句 I turned n the TV. I watched it.I turned n the TV and I watched it. I bught my sister a present. She didn’t like it. I bught my sister a present, but she didn’t like it.
1. I help him and he helps me .2. He failed many times but he wasn’t discuraged.3. We must hurry, r we shall miss the train.4. Nt nly did he write t us but als he came here yesterday.5. Either he didn’t speak clearly r I didn’t hear well.6. He is ill, s he can’t g t schl tday.7. Our class play went ver very well, fr all the actrs had gd prnunciatin.8. He has difficulty in learning English, hwever, he wrks hard and is making rapid prgress.9. I see yur pint; still, I think I am right.10. The wrker had hunted fr jbs fr 9 mnths, and yet he culdn’t find any in New Yrk.
常用并列连词： 平行并列连词: and, bth…and, nt nly… but als, neither…nr…转折并列连词：but, hwever, while, yet因果并列连词: fr, s选择并列连词: r, either…r…结果并列连词： s, therefre
用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句：
1.He was tired. He went t bed. 2.The child hid behind his mther's skirt. He was afraid f the made a prmise. He didn’t keep is pening the dr. Jhn is greeting her it nw. It will be t late.
复合句:主句+从句主句是一个完整的句(independent sentence),它可以独立存在。从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在.（简单句中的某一个成分由一个从句来充当。）
在复合句中，主要包含以下类型从句：1.主语从句 2.宾语从句3.表语从句 4.同位语从句5.状语从句 6.定语从句
指出下列划线各从句的类型：
1.She was reading the newspaper when I came is the girl wh sings best f all.3.I hpe that everything is all can camp where yu like these shall g t the place where wrking cnditins are kind f plant grws well where it is warm and that I have tld yu twice, yu shuld knw made a wrng decisin, s that half his time was wasted.
9.He wrks hard in rder that he can serve his cuntry yu d, d it will d whatever is needed t imprve ur he was able t cme back made us very he did that wasn’t quite clear.14.I dn’t knw whether he will cme r news that ur team has wn the match is lked as if she was ging t cry.17.I will never frget the day when I jined the Party18.As we all knw, paper was first made in China.
一、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句： 1. We ften study Chinese histry n Friday afternn. 2. The by wh ffered me his seat is called Tm. 3. There is a chair in this rm, isn’t there? 4. My brther and I g t schl at half past seven in the mrning and cme back hme at seven in the evening. 5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Tw. 6. He was fnd f drawing when he was yet a child. 7. Neither has he changed his mind, nr will he d s. 8. What he said at the meeting is very imprtant, isn’t it? 9. The farmer is shwing the by hw t plant a tree. 10. Bth Tm and Jack enjy cuntry music.