北京市2024届高三上学期入学定位考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份北京市2024届高三上学期入学定位考试英语试卷(含答案)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Stargazing Festivals in 2023
As mre areas grw brighter with light pllutin， natinal parks acrss the cuntry have becme dark-sky havens. Over the years， they are making a push t get certified as havens fr sky-watching by the Internatinal Dark Sky Assciatin， and they even hst events like stargazing festivals t get travelers excited abut astrnmy.
·Bryce Canyn Natinal Park—June 14-17
Situated in suthern Utah， Bryce Canyn earned its dark-sky title in 2019. The35， 835-acre park is an ideal place t stay up late. This year， its annual astrnmy festival includes guided stargazing sessins， lectures and “star stries” presentatins， family-friendly activities， and even a perfrmance by strings musicians in the nrthern Arizna-based Dark Sky Quartet.
·Shenandah Natinal Park—August 11-13
Cnveniently lcated within a day’s drive frm tw-thirds f Americans， Shenandah Natinal Park’s night sky festival is a lw-lift way t dabble in astrnmy. The nearly 200，000-acre park will hst ranger talks， public stargazing sessins， lectures， presentatins， and activities fr kids. Staffers are still wrking n this year’s full schedule， but past events have cvered tpics ranging frm space weather t ncturnal（夜间的） creatures.
·Great Basin Natinal Park—September 14-16
Great Basin is ne f the least crwded natinal parks， making it the perfect place t quietly appreciate the mysteries f the csms. Its annual astrnmy festival is scheduled fr this fall and includes guest speakers， cnstellatin talks， bservatry turs， and a phtgraphy wrkshp. During the festival’s unique “Art in the Dark” prgram， participants will get t paint in lw-light cnditins and experiment with hw their eyes perceive clr.
·Jshua Tree Natinal Park—Octber 13-14
Jshua Tree Natinal Park， as the Internatinal Dark Sky Assciatin ntes， is the “nearest cnvenient place t g stargazing under a relatively dark sky” fr the18 millin peple wh live in the Ls Angeles area. It became an fficial dark sky park in 2017， and each year， it hsts a night sky festival in the fall. As luck wuld have it， this year’s dates verlap with an annular “ring f fire” slar eclipse. Frm Jshua Tree， the mn will appear t bscure between 70 and 80 percent f the sun.
1．What is the purpse f Stargazing Festivals?
A. T raise public interest in astrnmy.
B. T call fr actin against light pllutin.
C. T prvide a platfrm t bserve stars.
D. T cllect mney fr mre bservatries.
2．Where shuld yu g if yu want t experience wrking in lw-light cnditins?
A. Bryce Canyn Natinal Park.B. Shenandah Natinal Park.
C. Great Basin Natinal Park.D. Jshua Tree Natinal Park.
3．What might be a bnus t visitrs t Jshua Tree Natinal Park during the festivals?
A. An bservatry tur.B. A phtgraphy wrkshp.
C. A stargazing tur.D. A slar eclipse.
Hrseback Riding
Furth-grader Maliah McCaster strlled int her classrm at Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Elementary Schl in New Yrk， hlding a ty pny.
In just a few hurs， she wuld bard a schl bus alngside her classmates and head ut fr a mrning f hrseback riding. The weekly activity cmes thrugh a partnership with Victria Acres Equine Facility in Guilderland， which ffers a therapeutic riding prgram t empwer individuals with disabilities.
Special educatin teacher Mrgan Grimm said the activity， which takes place twice a week， has allwed Maliah， wh has autism， t cnnect with thers and enjy a learning envirnment utside f a traditinal classrm.
“She’s a super sensry girl. On the days that we’re nt here， she’s seeking a lt mre attentin and her behavirs are a bit increased. But n the days we cme back frm the farm， she’s a lt calmer，” Grimm said. “We’re seeing an increase in her making sentences and her verall language.”
The 10-year-ld is ne f fur students with autism wh are participating in the pilt prgram， fficially launched at the Guilderland farm earlier in the spring. They recently had their furth riding sessin.
Victria Acres， funded in 2012， prvides mre than 2，300 riding lessns and therapies every year. The recent additin f an indr riding facility has allwed the nnprfit t expand its prgrams year-rund， prviding an average f 48 lessns per afternn.
Despite the busy schedule， the farm pays extra attentin t the health and well-being f its eight therapy hrses， ensuring each animal participates in a maximum f three half-hur sessins each day. Many f the animals are lder， which makes them especially suitable fr therapy due t their gentle， calm nature.
Like ther nnverbal students， Avery uses a “tap-tap” mtin t signal the hrse t mve frward. His feet barely reach the stirrups， but he lks at ease and cnfident as he rcks back and frth atp the gentle giant.
“He lks like a cwby，” said Kristin Munrett， principal f Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Elementary.
As the children explred the prperty with their supprt staff， pinting at the dnkeys and watching the hrses graze， it was clear why the executive directr f the nnprfit， Erin Pashley， called it her happy place.
4．Accrding t the passage， the hrseback riding prgram is designed t ______.
A. cure children’s physical disabilities
B. develp children’s interest in learning
C. treat children’s cmmunicatin disrder
D. prmte children’s relatinship with animals
5．Besides ffering lessns， the Victria Acres Equine Facility als values ______.
A. the state f animals n the farm
B. the training f the wrking staff
C. the build-up f children’s character
D. the feedback f the trained children
6．Hw did the children feel while they were n hrseback?
A. Afraid but prud.B. Relaxed and cnfident.
C. Nervus but happy.D. Calm and cncentrated.
7．What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Freedm is the key t self-cnfidence.
B. Lve is t grwth what water is t seeds.
C. Passin is the greatest mentr wrldwide.
D. Diligence and perseverance lead t success.
Research frm the University f Pennsylvania has shwn that scial media users are likely t share psts that cntain infrmatin that they feel is relevant t themselves r t the peple they knw. In ther wrds， peple share psts that they believe t have value—either t themselves r t their relatinships with thers.
A new study has fund that merely encuraging peple t cnsider the value led t increased activity in the areas f the brain assciated with sharing decisins and increased a persn’s mtivatin t share an article.
“A lt f prir research n what makes psts g viral has fcused n identifying the characteristics f messages that are shared ften r nt shared ften，” says lead authr Christin Schlz. “We’re lking at the neural mechanisms f sharing decisins. Targeting thse mechanisms culd be a way t encurage the spread f high-quality health infrmatin.”
During the study， led by senir authr Emily Falk， participants were instructed t cnsider sharing articles abut healthy living frm The New Yrk Times while their brain activity was measured by functinal magnetic resnance imaging （fMRI）.
Inside the fMRI scanner， participants were asked t think abut sharing an article with a specific gal in mind： t either “help smebdy”（use the article t relate psitively t thers）r t “describe yurself”（use the article t present yurself psitively t thers）. As a cntrl， participants were assigned the neutral “t spread infrmatin” gal.
“In all areas f life， peple want t present themselves in a psitive light r t relate psitively t thers，” Schlz says. “Our methd encurages peple t identify ways in which they can fulfill these mtives thrugh the sharing f health articles. If they are successful， they shuld be mre likely t decide t share the article.”
After reading the headline and summary f a health-related article， participants were asked t cnsider what they might say r write t anther study participant if they were t share the article with them， keeping in mind their assigned gal. Finally， participants rated their likelihd t share the article in real life.
Thinking abut sharing in terms f hw it might help smene else nt nly increased activatin in brain regins assciated with self-related thinking， value-related thinking， and scial-related thinking（particularly mentalizing—the act f imagining what thers are thinking）， but als increased a persn’s self-reprted willingness t share an article.
“I think we’re nly scratching the surface in terms f hw yu culd encurage peple t share high-quality health infrmatin，” Schlz says. “A health cmmunicatr might want t fcus n being accurate and clear and nt have t wrry abut whether their cntent is emtinal t get clicks. We’re trying t find ways t fcus n the wuld-be sharer， t help them find persnal meaning in sharing cntent that can benefit thers and sciety.”
8．The purpse f Christin Schlz’s study is t ______.
A. make her psts g viral n the Internet
B. encurage the spread f health infrmatin
C. identify the characteristics f shared messages
D. find ut why peple decide t share infrmatin
9．Accrding t the passage， which is mre likely t be shared?
A. An article that is accurate and rganized.
B. An article cntains infrmatin abut brains.
C. An article that might be useful fr sme friends.
D. An article that cntains debate-triggering infrmatin.
10．What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Mst peple tend t share psts when they are asked t.
B. Peple share healthy infrmatin t build psitive self-images.
C. Researchers well understand hw t encurage infrmatin sharing.
D. Deciding whether t share a pst r nt affects the activatin inside ur brain.
In ur infrmatin-driven sciety， shaping ur wrldview thrugh the media is similar t frming an pinin abut smene slely based n a picture f their ft. While the media might nt deliberately deceive us， it ften fails t prvide a cmprehensive view f reality.
Cnsequently， the questin arises： Where， then， shall we get ur infrmatin frm if nt frm the media? Wh can we trust? Hw abut experts—peple wh devte their wrking lives t understanding their chsen slice f the wrld? Hwever， even experts can fall prey t the allure f versimplificatin， leading t the “single perspective instinct” that hampers（阻碍）ur ability t grasp the intricacies f the wrld.
Simple ideas can be appealing because they ffer a sense f understanding and certainty. And it is easy t take ff dwn a slippery slpe， frm ne attentin-grabbing simple idea t a feeling that this idea beautifully explains， r is the beautiful slutin fr， lts f ther things. The wrld becmes simple that way.
Yet， when we embrace a singular cause r slutin fr all prblems， we risk versimplifying cmplex issues. Fr instance， champining the cncept f equality may lead us t view all prblems thrugh the lens f inequality and see resurce distributin as the sle panacea. Hwever， such rigidity prevents us frm seeing the multidimensinal nature f challenges and hinders true cmprehensin f reality. This “single perspective instinct” ultimately cluds ur judgment and restricts ur capacity t tackle cmplex issues effectively.
It saves a lt f time t think like this. Yu can have pinins and answers withut having t learn abut a prblem frm scratch and yu can get n with using yur brain fr ther tasks. But it’s nt s useful if yu like t understand the wrld. Being always in favr f r always against any particular idea makes yu blind t infrmatin that desn’t fit yur perspective. This is usually a bad apprach if yu wuld like t understand reality.
Instead， cnstantly test yur favrite ideas fr weaknesses. Be humble abut the extent f yur expertise. Be curius abut new infrmatin that desn’t fit， and infrmatin frm ther fields. And rather than talking nly t peple wh agree with yu， r cllecting examples that fit yur ideas， cnsult peple wh cntradict yu， disagree with yu， and put frward different ideas as a great resurce fr understanding the wrld. I have been wrng abut the wrld s many times. Smetimes， cming up against reality is what helps me see my mistakes， but ften it is talking t， and trying t understand， smene with different ideas.
If this means yu dn’t have time t frm s many pinins， s what? Wuldn’t yu rather have few pinins that are right than many that are wrng?
11．What des the underlined wrd “allure” in Para.2 prbably mean?
A. Temptatin.B. Traditin.C. Cnvenience.D. Cnsequence.
12．Why are simple ideas appealing accrding t the passage?
A. They meet peple’s demand fr high efficiency.
B. They generate a sense f cmplete understanding.
C. They are raised and supprted by multiple experts.
D. They reflect the pinins f like-minded individuals.
13．What will the authr prbably agree with?
A. Simplifying matters releases energy fr human brains.
B. Cnstant tests n ur ideas help make up fr ur weakness.
C. A well-funded pinin cunts mre than many shallw nes.
D. Peple wh disagree with us ften have cmprehensive views.
14．Which f the fllwing can be the best title f the passage?
A. Embracing Disagreement： Refusing Overcmplexity
B. Simplifying Infrmatin： Enhancing Cmprehensin
C. Understanding Differences： Establishing Relatinships
D. Navigating Cmplexity： Challenging Oversimplificatin
15．“What if…?” thinking is anytime yu try t guess the future utcme f an actin yu take. Fr example， “I want t ask fr a pay raise but what if…?” Yur mind then fills in the blank with many alternate scenaris， almst all f them negative.
It’s a pwerful cmbinatin f fcusing n the negative and the unrealistic. It causes yu t suffer thrugh events that may nt even happen as yu try t predict the future and wrk ut hw yu’ll cpe with all these pssible（yet unlikely）scenaris. But the abslute wrst thing abut “what if…” thinking thugh， is that it tries t cnvince yu it’s helping. Yu tell yurself that yu’re just preparing yurself， yu’re prtecting yurself. But “what if…” thinking rarely leads t taking practical， preventative actins. Instead， yu trture yurself by imagining all srts f terrible utcmes， all in the name f being “prepared”， the idea f which is captured beautifully by this qute：“D nt be fled by ‘what if…’ thinking! Yu are nt a frtune teller. Even if yu were， mentally rehearsing hw yu’ll cpe with a negative utcme has limited usefulness. Yu’re much better ff just cping with the situatin nce when it happens.” By trturing yurself imagining all the pssible bad things that culd happen， yu end up living thrugh all these hrrible pssibilities that yu dn’t have t.
Even if yu d get it right， and ne f the negative scenaris is the utcme， yu’re unlikely t remember yur well-rehearsed cmeback r safety strategy in the heat f the mment.
Anther separate prblem with “what if…?” thinking is that it makes yu s fearful f all these ptentially hideus utcmes that it stps yu frm actually living thrugh the situatin， if yu can at all avid it.
By stpping yurself frm acting， nt nly d yu cut ff the ptential benefits f actually asking， but yu als cut ff the pprtunity t see that yur predictins were wrng—because yu dn’t test them ut by entering the situatin regardless. Unchallenged like this， “What if…” thinking seems like it actually prtects yu and seems even mre “helpful” next time arund.
Once yu’ve decided n a curse f actin， “what if…” has gt much luder and sn will stp yu frm taking actin. I like t nt give them an pprtunity. Once yu’ve made a decisin， frce yur wn hand： make the phne call straight away， enrll and pay fr the curse， make an appintment in yur calendar， etc. befre yur fears and negativity even get a chance t get up ff the cuch.
①What is “what if…” thinking?
②What is the abslute wrst thing abut “what if…” thinking?
③Decide which part f the fllwing statement is wrng. Underline it and explain why.
④Briefly intrduce ne f yur experiences f fighting “what if…” thinking.（In abut 40 wrds）
二、七选五
16．A Way Out f Scial Anxiety： Vlunteering and Acts f Kindness
As a scially anxius intrvert， I can attest（证明）t the benefits f serving thers thrugh vlunteering in my cmmunity.
A vlunteer jb desn’t need t require stepping int a busy rm full f 100 peple at a schl r hspital. ① This kind f wrk is much mre suitable and agreeable fr intrverts.
② When I help elders r peple with disabilities wh are mre islated and lnelier than I am， I feel my nervusness and self-cnsciusness disappear. My scial awkwardness lses its grip n me when I’m fcused n helping smene else rather than myself r my scial perfrmance. Unlike shwing up at a jb interview， business meeting， r speaking engagement， wrking as a vlunteer with peple in need takes the sptlight away frm being measured r judged. ③
Scial scientists have an apt name fr stressful scial situatins where we need t perfrm and wuld likely be judged r evaluated. The “scial-evaluative threat” is particularly threatening fr peple with scial anxiety as stress hrmnes rapidly increase. Any time we are in evaluative situatins where we are judged by thers， we face this scial-evaluative threat and endure a sudden rush f stress hrmnes that increase anxiety. ④ Yet when we are in situatins where we are ffering casual acts f kindness r nurturing thers we tend t feel less threatened r judged by thers. Helping thers and sharing simple acts f kindness des nt pse such a scial-evaluative threat， but instead， calms and sthes us. Neurscientists have studied the warm glw f ding gd that makes us feel gd.
“Kindness may help scially anxius peple，” says Dr. Lynn Alden， a psychlgy prfessr at the University f British Clumbia. ⑤ She fund that acts f kindness may help t cunter the scially anxius persn’s fear f negative evaluatin by prmting mre psitive perceptins and expectatins f hw ther peple will respnd.
A. Sme peple are naturally reserved while thers are rather utging.
B. In scial anxiety disrder， fear and anxiety lead t avidance which can disrupt ur life.
C. Indeed， my wn act f kindness has always been a sure bet t bring me ut f my shell.
D. Instead， my vlunteer service cnsists f quiet ne-n-ne visits with islated lder adults.
E. When I am giving my free time t help thers， I feel truly liberated in my missin t serve.
F. High-perfrmance events such as public speaking r jb interviews can be really unbearable.
G. She and her clleagues cnducted a study with 115 undergraduate students wh had reprted high levels f scial anxiety.
三、完形填空
It was an rdinary summer afternn when I first fund ut abut my grandpa’s 1 garden.
That day， after schl， instead f walking straight hme， I decided t visit my grandpa， wh lived just a few blcks away.
When I gt there， I saw the frnt dr was slightly pen. I pushed it pen but fund nbdy. Curisity and 2 mixed within me as I ventured inside and nticed the backdr wide pen， leading t a path I’d never 3 befre. There it was—a breathtaking garden， filled with flwers f all shapes and clrs， greenery stretching ut as far as my eyes culd see. I walked 4 ， marveling at the beautiful spectacle. Suddenly， I heard a rustling sund frm a nearby bush， fllwed by a sft and familiar vice.
“I didn’t 5 yu t find this place， my dear，” my grandpa said， emerging frm behind the green leaves with a brad smile， hlding a watering can.
6 by the beauty f the garden， I just std there， taking in the view. After what felt like frever， I asked， “Grandpa， why didn’t yu tell me abut this place?”
He shrugged and replied， “I wanted it t be a 7 ， smething yu culd discver n yur wn. It’s mre special that way， dn’t yu think?”
Since that day， we wuld spend hurs in the garden， tending t the flwers， sharing stries， and enjying each ther’s 8 . That garden， which I discvered 9 ， became ur playgrund， a haven f peace in the midst f ur bustling city lives.
Lking back nw， I realize that the greatest thing I fund in that garden was nt the beautiful scenery， but the precius memries and 10 I built with my grandpa.
17．A. tinyB. secretC. rmanticD. natural
18．A. cncernB. relaxatinC. delightD. excitement
19．A. appreciatedB. dubtedC. nticedD. recgnized
20．A. hmeB. backC. awayD. further
21．A. expectB. hpeC. allwD. tell
22．A. DisturbedB. OverwhelmedC. AngeredD. Amused
23．A. mysteryB. giftC. challengeD. wnder
24．A. gardenB. cmpanyC. greetingD. memries
25．A. as usualB. in particularC. n purpseD. by chance
26．A. peaceB. balanceC. bndD. trust
四、短文填空
27．A literature review is a survey f schlarly surces ① a specific tpic. It prvides an verview f current knwledge， allwing yu t identify relevant theries， methds， and gap s in the ② （exist） research that yu can later apply t yur paper， thesis， r dissertatin tpic. A gd literature review desn’t just summarize surces—it analyzes， synthesizes（综合）， and ③ （critical）evaluates t give a clear picture f the state f knwledge n the subject.
28．Swedish students generally welcme AI tls in educatin， but 62% cnsider using chatbts in exams as cheating. Hwever， the bundaries f cheating with AI remain uncertain. This result ① （shw）in a survey frm Chalmers University f Technlgy. The study， the first f its kind ② （investigate）students’ attitudes twards AI in educatin has gathered crucial infrmatin and presented the results in an verview reprt. The researchers hpe the survey’s findings will empwer students ③ help them get a better understanding f AI’s rle in learning.
29．Rachel had always been fascinated with the mysteries f the sea. She dreamed f explring the ① （deep）f it and discvering unknwn creatures. Her bsessin intensified when she discvered an ld map in her grandfather’s attic（顶楼）， which shwed a place marked “hidden treasure”. Ignring ② her mther had warned， she started a small-bat adventure. After hurs f searching with n luck， a friendly giant ctpus appeared， guiding her t a secret cave ③ she fund treasures beynd her wildest dreams. Frm this experience， Rachel ④ （knw）that the bravest seekers ften find the greatest treasures.
五、书面表达
30．假设你是红星中学英语配音社团团长李华。你正在策划新学期第一次社团活动，请你给你校英国交换生Jim写一封信，内容包括：
1.请他对活动内容或形式提建议；
2.邀请他参加。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：配音dubbing
Dear Jim，
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs，
Li Hua
参考答案
1．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的they even hst events like stargazing festivals t get travelers excited abut astrnmy(他们甚至举办观星节等活动，让旅行者对天文学感到兴奋)，可知观星节的目的是提高公众对天文学的兴趣，故选A.
2．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Great Basin Natinal Park-September 14-16部分的During the festival's unique" Art in the Dark" prgram， participants will get t paint in lw-light cnditins and experiment with hw their eyes perceive clr(在艺术节独特的"黑暗中的艺术"项目中，参与者将在弱光条件下绘画，并实验他们的眼睛如何感知颜色)，可知如果你想体验在弱光条件下的工作，你应该去大盆地国家公园，故选C。
3．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据Jshua Tree NatinalPark-0ctber 13-14部分的As luck wuld have it， this year's dates verlap with an annular" ring f fire" slar eclipse(幸运的是，今年的日期与环形"火环"日食重叠)，可知在节日期间，日食可能是约书亚树国家公园游客的额外奖励，故选D。
4．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段Special educatin teacher Mrgan Grimm said the activity， which takes place twice a week， has allwed Maliah， wh has autism， t cnnect with thers and enjy a learning envirnment utside f a traditinal classrm. (特殊教育老师摩根·格里姆说，这项活动每周进行两次，让患有自闭症的玛利亚与他人交流，享受传统课堂之外的学习环境。)可知这项活动是为了治疗自闭儿童的沟通障碍。故选C。
5．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第四段Despite the busy schedule， the farm pays extra attentin t the health and well-being f its eight therapy hrses， ensuring each animal participates in a maximum f three half-hur sessins each day. (尽管过程繁忙，农场还是格外关注八匹治疗马的健康和幸福，确保每匹马每天最多参加三次半小时的治疗。)可知除了提供课程，维多利亚亩马设施也重视农场动物的状态。故选A。
6．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段His feet barely reach the stirrups， but he lks at ease and cnfident as he rcks back and frth atp the gentle giant. (他的脚勉强够到马镫，但当他在温柔的巨人身上来回摇摆时，他看起来很轻松，很自信。)可知孩子们在马背上时很轻松很自信。故选B。
7．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文讲述了纽约学校与Guilderland的Victria Acres Equine Facility合作，为残疾人提供治疗性骑马项目。这个活动让患有自闭症的Maliah能够在传统教室之外的学习环境中与他人建立联系并享受学习，这体现了人们对自闭症儿童的关爱。A. Freedm is the key t self-cnfidence. (自由是自信的关键)； Lve is t grwth what water is t seeds. (爱之于成长，犹如水之于种子)； C. Passin is the greatest mentr wrldwide. (激情是世界上最伟大的导师)； D. Diligence and perseverance lead t success. (勤奋和毅力导致成功)。故选B。
8．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“A lt f prir research n what makes psts g viral has fcused n identifying the characteristics f messages that are shared ften r nt shared ften，” says lead authr Christin Schlz. “We’re lking at the neural mechanisms f sharing decisins. Targeting thse mechanisms culd be a way t encurage the spread f high-quality health infrmatin. (该研究的主要作者克里斯汀·朔尔茨说：“之前很多关于帖子走红的原因的研究都集中在确定经常被分享或不经常被分享的信息的特征上。我们正在研究共享决策的神经机制。以这些机制为目标可能是鼓励传播高质量卫生信息的一种方式。”)”可知，Christin Schlz的研究正在研究共享信息的神经机制，目的是找出人们决定分享信息的原因。故选D。
9．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Research frm the University f Pennsylvania has shwn that scial media users are likely t share psts that cntain infrmatin that they feel is relevant t themselves r t the peple they knw. In ther wrds， peple share psts that they believe t have value-either t themselves r t their relatinships with thers.(宾夕法尼亚大学的研究表明，社交媒体用户可能会分享他们认为与自己或认识的人相关的信息。换句话说，人们分享他们认为有价值的帖子，无论是对他们自己还是对他们与他人的关系。)”可知，人们分享与自己或认识的人的有关的信息。因此推断一篇可能对朋友有用的文章，是最有可能被分享的。故选C。
10．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Thinking abut sharing in terms f hw it might help smene else nt nly increased activatin in brain regins assciated with self. related thinking， value-related thinking， and scial-related thinking (particularly mentalizing the act f imagining what thers are thinking)， but als increased a persn's self-reprted willingness t share an article(从分享如何帮助他人的角度来思考，不仅会增加大脑中与自我相关思维、价值相关思维和社会相关思维(尤其是精神化--想象别人在想什么的行为)相关区域的激活，而且还会增加一个人自我报告的分享文章的意愿。)可知，决定是否分享帖子会影响我们大脑内部的活动。故选D。
11．答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段Hwever， even experts can fall prey t the allure f versimplificatin， leading t the “single perspective instinct” that hampers（阻碍）ur ability t grasp the intricacies f the wrld. (然而，即使是专家也会受到过度简化的allure导致“单一视角本能"，阻碍我们掌握世界的复杂性。)可知，导致了单一视觉，不能掌握世界的复杂性，因此推断受到了过度简化的诱惑，alure在这里指的是"诱惑"。A.Temptatin诱惑；B.Traditin传统；C.Cnvenience便利；D.Cnsequence后果。故选A。
12．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的Simple ideas can be appealing because they ffer a sense f understanding and certainty.(简单的想法可能很有吸引力，因为它们提供了一种理解和确定性。)可知，简单的想法具有吸引力是因为它们产生一种完全理解的感觉。故选B。
13．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Instead， cnstantly test yur favrite ideas fr weaknesses. Be humble abut the extent f yur expertise. Be curius abut new infrmatin that desn’t fit， and infrmatin frm ther fields. And rather than talking nly t peple wh agree with yu， r cllecting examples that fit yur ideas， cnsult peple wh cntradict yu， disagree with yu， and put frward different ideas as a great resurce fr understanding the wrld. (相反，要不断测试你最喜欢的想法的弱点。对自己的专业知识要谦虚。对不合适的新信息和来自其他领域的信息保持好奇。而不是只与那些同意你的人交谈，或者收集符合你想法的例子，咨询那些反驳你、不同意你的人，并提出不同想法的人，作为理解世界的重要资源。)可知，作者认为要不断测试自己的想法，要谦虚要保持好奇，不要只是与同意自己观点的人交谈，要与那些持有与自己不同观点的人交流，接受不同的观点，作为理解世界的重要资源。因此推断作者认为有充分根据的观点比许多肤浅的观点更重要。故选C。
14．答案：D
解析：标题判断题。根据第一段内容in ur infrmatin-driven sciety， shaping ur wrldview thrugh the media is similar t frming an pinin abut smene slely based n a picture f their ft .While the media might nt deliberately deceive us， it ften fails t prvide a cmprehensive view f reality.(在信息驱动的社会中，通过媒体塑造我们的世界观就像仅仅根据一个人的脚的照片来形成对他们的看法一样，但它经常无法提供全面的现实视角。)第二段的Hwever， even experts can fall prey t the allure f versimplificatin， leading t the “single perspective instinct” that hampers（阻碍）ur ability t grasp the intricacies f the wrld (然而，即使是专家也会受到过度简化的诱惑，导致"单一视角本能"，阻碍我们掌握世界的复杂性。)以及倒数第二段的And rather than talking nly t peple wh agree with yu， r cllecting examples that fit yur ideas， cnsult peple wh cntradict yu， disagree with yu， and put frward different ideas as a great resurce fr understanding the wrld. (与其只与那些同意你的人交谈，或者收集符合你想法的例子，不如咨询那些反驳你、不同意你的人，并提出不同想法的人，作为理解世界的重要资源。)以及全文内容可知，本文作者主要提出"单一视角本能"最终会影响我们的判断力，限制我们有效解决复杂问题的能力，我们应该接受不同的观点，作为理解世界的重要资源。因此选项D.Navigating Cmplexity：Chalenging Oversimplificatin"驾驭复杂性：挑战过度简化"为最佳标题。故选D。
15．答案：①“ What " thinking is anytime yu try t guess the future utcme f an actin yu take. It's a pwerful cmbinatin f fcusing n the negative and the unrealistic. ②The abslute wrst thing abut "what if,.." thinking is that it tries t cnvince yu it's helping.③“What " thinking actually prtects ne because it cuts ff the pprtunity t see that ne's predictins were wrng. Accrding t the passage， “ What if..." thinking cuts ff the pprtunity t see that ne's predictins were wrng is nt prtecting ne， instead it stps ne frm taking actin.④I recently decided t play tennis， but disturbing thughts ccurred immediately-what if I culdn’t fllw the pace； what if i had n sense f it? Hwever， I frced my wn hands t take up the racket and gt t the curt with my friends. T my great delight and surprise， i gt the chance t see my predictins were wrng.
解析：①考查细节理解。根据第一段“What ”thinking is anytime yu try t guess the future utcme f an actin yu take.(“如果怎么样”的想法是随时你试图猜测你所采取的行动的未来结果)”和第二段的“it's a pwerful cmbinatin f fcusing n the negative and the unrealistic.(它是一种强大的结合，专注于消极和不现实。)”可知“what "thinking的含义是随时你试图猜测你所采取的行动的未来结果，是一种强大的结合，专注于消极和不现实。故答案为：“What "thinking is anytime yu try t guess the future utcme f an actin yu take. it's a pwerful cmbinatin f fcusing n the negative and the unrealistic.
②考查细节理解。根据第二段“But the abslute wrst thing abut “what if.." thinking thugh， is that it tries t cnvince yu it's helping.(但是，“如果..怎么样?”的想法最糟糕的是，它试图让你相信它是有帮助的。)“可知关于“如果怎么样?”的想法最糟糕的事情是它试图说服你这样做是有帮助的。故答案为：The abslute wrst thing abut “what if..."thinking is that it tries t cnvince yu it's helping.
③考查细节理解。根据第五段“By stpping yurself frm acting， nt nly d yu cut ff the ptential benefits f actually asking， but yu als cut ff the pprtunity t see that yur predictins were wrng -because yu dn't test them ut by entering the situatin regardless.(通过阻止自己采取行动，你不仅切断了实际要求的潜在好处，而且还切断了看到你的预测是错误的机会--因为你没有通过不顾一切地进入情境来测试它们。)和“What seems like it actually prtects yu and seems even mre 'helpful next time arund. Once yu've decided n a curse f actin， What has gt much luder and sn will stp yu frm taking actin. I like t nt give them an pprtunity.(“如果..…怎么样”的想法似乎实际上是在保护你，而且下次似乎更有“帮助”。一旦你决定采取行动，“如果...怎么样”的声音就会越来越大，很快就会阻止你采取行动。我不想给他们机会。)可知“如果……怎么样”并不能真正保护一个人且不是真的有帮助的。故答案为：“What if..”thinking actually prtects ne because it cuts ff the pprtunity t see that ne's predictins were wrng. Accrding t the passage， “What if..." thinking cuts ff the pprtunity t see that ne's predictins were wrng is nt prtecting ne， instead it stps ne frm taking actin.
④开放回答题。答案不唯一，表述合理即可。
16．答案：DCEFG
解析：①D联系上文题。根据上文A vlunteer jb desn’t need t require stepping int a busy rm full f 100 peple at a schl r hspital. (一份志愿者工作不需要在学校或医院走进一个满是100人的繁忙房间。)可知此处应说明这份志愿者工作是什么样子的。D项"相反，我的志愿服务包括安静地一对一地探访孤立的老年人。"符合语境。故选D.
②C联系下文题。根据下文When l help elders r peple with disabilities wh are mre islated and lnelier than lam， l feel my nervusness and self-cnsciusness disappear.(当我帮助那些比我更孤独的老人或残疾人时，我感到我的紧张和自我意识消失了。)可知此处应说明做志愿的好处。C项"事实上，我自己的善举总是能带我走出困境。"符合语境。故选C。
③E联系上文题。根据上文Unlike shwing up at a jb interview， business meeting， r speaking engagement， wrking as a vlunteer with peple in need takes the sptlight awar with peple in need takes the sptlight away frm being measured r judged.(与参加工作面试、商务会议或演讲活动不同，作为一名志愿者帮助有需要的人会让人们的注意力从被衡量或评判中转移开。)可知此处应继续说明作为一名志愿者的好处。E项"当我用我的空闲时间去帮助别人的时候，我觉得在我的服务使命中真正解放了。"符合语境。故选E。
④F联系上文题。根据上文Any time we are in evaluative situatins where we are judged by thers， we face this scial-evaluative threat and endure a sudden rush f stress hrmnes that increase anxiety.(任何时候，当我们处于被他人评判的评估情境中，我们就会面临这种社会评估的威胁，并忍受压力荷尔蒙的突然激增，从而增加焦虑。)可知此处应说这种焦虑带来的影响。B项"在社交焦虑症中，恐惧和焦虑会导致逃避，从而扰乱我们的生活。"符合语境。故选B。
⑤G语境衔接题。根据上文"Kindness may help scially anxius peple， "says Dr .Lynn Alden， a psychlgy prfessr at the University f British Clumbia.(英属哥伦比亚大学心理学教授林恩·奥尔登博士说："善良可能会帮助社交焦虑的人。")及下文She fund that acts f kindness may help t cunter the scially anxius persn's fear f negative evaluatin by prmting mre psitive perceptins and expectatins f hw ther peple will respnd.(她发现，善意的行为可能有助于抗社交焦虑症患者对负面评价的恐惧，因为他们会对他人的反应产生更积极的看法和期望。)可知空处应说她所做的研究。G项"她和她的同事们对115名报告有高度社交焦虑的本科生进行了一项研究。"符合语境。故选G。
17．答案：B
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.tiny微小的；Bsecret秘密的；C.rmantic浪漫的；D.natural自然的。根据后文as i ventured inside and nticed the backdr wide pen， leading t a path i'd never befre.可知，对于作者来说这是个以前没有发现的花园，所以应该是秘密花园。故选B。
18．答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.cncern关心；B.relaxatin放松；C.delight高兴；D.excitement兴奋。根据前文Curisity好奇的。可知作者在推开这个门的时候，应该是好奇的和兴奋的。故选D.
19．答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.appreciated欣赏，感激；B.dubted怀疑；C.nticed注意到：D.recgnized认出。根据后文.There it was-a breathtaking garden， filled with flwers f all shapes and clrs， greenery stretching ut as far as my eyes culd see。可知作者在这之前从来没有注意到这个花园。故选C。
20．答案：D
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.hme家；B.back回来，后边；C.away离开；D.further更进一步。根据后文marveling at the beautiful spectacle。可知作者应该是走进了花园，所以应该是waked further。故选D。
21．答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.expect期望；B.hpe希望；C.allw允许；D.tell告诉。根据前文when l first fund ut abut my grandpa’s garden。可知爷爷应该是没有告诉作者发现这个地方故选D。
22．答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.Disturbed打扰；B.0verwhelmed不知所措的；C.Angered激怒；D.Amused消遣，娱乐。根据后文l just std there，taking in the view。可知作者突然发现这个园子，应该是不知所措的。故选B。
23．答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.mystery神秘；B.gift 礼物；C.challenge挑战；D.wnder奇迹。根据后文smething yu culd discver n yur wn. it's mre special that way， dn't yu think?可知爷爷是想让作者自己去发现这个地方，所以是想让成为一个秘密花园。故选A。
24．答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。根据前文we wuld spend hurs in the garden， tending t the flwers， sharing stries，and enjying each ther's。可知作者和爷爷会在花园里待上几个小时，照料花朵，分享故事，欣赏彼此的回忆。故选B。
25．答案：D
解析：考查固定短语及语境理解。A.as usual和平常一样；B.in particular特别地；C.n purpse故意地；D.by chance偶然地。根据后文became ur playgrund， a haven f peace in the midst f ur bustling city lives.。可知作者偶然发现的这个园子，成为作者和爷爷的游乐场，在繁忙的城市生活中成了一个和平的天堂。故选D.
26．答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.peace平安；B.balance平衡；C.bnd互信关系；D.trust信任。根据前文| fund in that garden was nt the beautiful scenery， but the precius memries and。可是回想起来，主人公意识到在花园里最重要的不是美丽的风景，而是与祖父建立的珍贵回忆和互信关系。故选C。
27．答案：①n②existing③critically
解析：①n考查介词。句意：文献综述是关于某一特定主题的学术资料的调查。根据句意，此处表示“关于”，表明一篇文章、一本书、一个演讲的主题时(通常比较严肃或学术性较强)用介词n。故填n。
②existing考查介词。句意：文献综述是关于某一特定主题的学术资料的调查。根据句意，此处表示“关于”，表明一篇文章、一本书、一个演讲的主题时(通常比较严肃或学术性较强)用介词n。故填n。
③critically考查副词。句意：它分析、综合、并批判性地评估，以提供关于该主题的知识状态的清晰画面。空处修饰动词evaluates，使用副词作状语。故填critically。
28．答案：①is shwn②t investigate③and
29．答案：①depths/depth②what③where④t investigate
解析：①depths/depth考查名词。句意：她梦想着探索海洋的深处最深的地方，发现未知的生物冠词修饰名词，depth“深处”，根据句意既可以用作可数名词单数也可以用作可数名词复数，故填depths/depth。
②what考查宾语从句。句意：她不顾母亲的警告，开始了一场小船冒险。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，使用what导。故填what。
③where考查定语从句。句意：一只友好的巨型章鱼出现了，引导她到一个秘密的洞穴，在那里她发现了她最疯狂的梦想之外的宝藏。空处引导定语从句，先行词cave在从句中充当地点状语，使用where引导。故填where.
④t investigate考查动词时态。句意：从这次经历中，瑞秋知道最勇敢的探索者往往能找到最大的宝藏。根据句意可知此处时态一般过去时，动词使用过去式，也可以描述过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。故填knew/has knwn.
30．答案：
Dear Jim.
Hw time flies! The new semester will sn start， s will ur activities in ur English Dubbing Club， I am writing t inquire if yu have any suggestins t make the first club gathering impressive.
What frm d yu think wuld be enjyable and what activities d yu think we shuld have? I d hpe the first sessin can light club members’ passin fr mvie dubbing s that they can be mre active in the new term.
I wuld als like t extend an invitatin fr yu t participate in the club activity as a shwcase perfrmer， Yur talent in vice acting wuld be a wnderful additin t ur club's demnstratin， and I'm sure that ur members wuld appreciate the pprtunity t learn frm yu.
I lk frward t hearing yur thughts n the club's plans and t seeing yu at ur upcming event.
Yurs
Li hua
解析：1.词汇积累
建议：suggestin→advice
有趣的：enjyable→>fun/interesting
参加：participate in->take part in
极好的：wnderful->brilliant
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I'm sure that ur members wuld appreciate the pprtunity t learn frm yu.
拓展句：I'm sure that ur members wuld appreciate the pprtunity which yu give us t learn frm yu.
【高分句型1】l am writing t inquire if yu have any suggestins t make the first club gathering impressive.(运用了if引导宾语从句，不定
工作定语)
【高分句型2】I d hpe the first sessin can light club members’ passin fr mvie dubbing s that they can be mre active in the new term.(运用了省略了that的宾语从句，s that引导状语从句)