[英语]2024年湖南省中考真题英语(解析版)

这是一份[英语]2024年湖南省中考真题英语(解析版)，共12页。

1． (6分)
COMMUNITY NOTICEBOARD
Vlunteers Needed
1. Hw can yu get mre infrmatin t vlunteer in the library?
A. Visit its website. B. E-mail Anna. C. Call Mr. Walker.
2. Where can vlunteers help in September?
A. In the library.
B. At Rse Garden.
C. At the ld peple’s hme.
3. What shuld yu be gd at if yu want t vlunteer at Rse Garden?
A. Reading stries.
B. Dancing and singing.
C. Taking care f plants.
【语篇解读】本文是社区公告板上招募志愿者的广告，需要图书馆助手、老年人之家的帮手以及花园清洁和园艺志愿者。
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一框中“Fr mre infrmatin, visit the website www. hnlibrary. cm.”可知，你可以通过访问其网站得到更多关于图书馆志愿者的信息。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二框中“Help at the ld peple’s hme. Dance r sing well. Free in September.”可知，9月份有空的志愿者可以去老人之家帮忙。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三框中“Vlunteers are needed fr cleaning and gardening at Rse Garden. Gd at taking care f plants.”可知，如果你想去玫瑰园做志愿者，你应该擅长照顾植物。故选C。
Wuld yu be able t sleep with ne eye pen? Bttlense dlphins (宽吻海豚) can. When they sleep, nly half f their brain ges t sleep. They sleep with ne eye pen t stay safe. Half f their brain sleeps fr abut tw hurs befre the ther half f their brain gets a chance t sleep. Smetimes, the dlphins will keep swimming while they are sleeping.
Dlphins are nt fish—they are mammals (哺乳动物). These mammals have lungs (肺). And they dn’t have gills (腮) like fish. They are als warm-blded and have t g t the surface f the water t get air int their lungs. Dlphins dn’t lay eggs. Their yung are brn alive, and they drink milk frm their mthers. Dlphins are ne f the smartest animals in the wrld. There are many stries abut hw they save peple ut f water. They are able t slve many prblems like humans. They can even use tls t catch fish. But their cleverness desn’t end there.
Dlphins can als pass n anything they learn t ther dlphins, like interesting fishing skills. They cmmunicate with each ther in many ways. They use different sunds t talk t each ther. Dlphins knw the “vices” f ther dlphins and even knw exactly wh is making which sund. Anther thing that shws their cleverness is that they can als knw themselves in a mirrr (镜子) and check different parts f their bdy in it.
4. Why d bttlense dlphins sleep with ne eye pen?
A. T stay safe.
B. T sleep fr tw hurs.
C. T swim faster.
5. What can we learn abut dlphins frm paragraph 2?
A. They use gills t get air.
B. They are warm-blded.
C. They lay eggs like fish.
6. Hw d dlphins talk t each ther?
A. By learning fishing skills.
B. By using different sunds.
C. By checking their bdies.
7. Which part f a magazine may the passage be taken frm?
A. Art.B. Health.C. Nature.
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了海豚的三个特点。
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据“They sleep with ne eye pen t stay safe.”可知，海豚睡觉时睁着一只眼睛是为了保证安全。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据“They are als warm-blded and have t g t the surface f the water t get air int their lungs.”可知，海豚是温血动物。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据“They use different sunds t talk t each ther.”可知，海豚通过使用不同的声音互相交谈。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了海豚的三个特点，故推测这篇文章可能选自杂志的自然界版块。故选C。
Headphnes are helpful. Many kids use them. But headphnes can be harmful, t. They can cause hearing lss if the vlume (音量) is t lud. Studies shw that ne ut f every ten kids in the United States has sme hearing lss. The cause is lud nise.
D yu knw hw we hear? There are cells (红胞) inside the ears that help us hear. We can’t see them with ur eyes. “We call them hair cells,” Jackie Clark said. “They lk like hairs standing up.” Clark is a scientist at the University f Texas. She studies nises and ears. Sund cannt be seen, but it can make the hair cells mve back and frward. Think f the wind in the leaves.
Lud nises can damage (损伤) these cells. And nce the cells are damaged, they dn’t grw back. Smetimes there’s tinnitus. “It’s like smene is playing a nte n the flute (长笛) fr a lng time,” Clark says. It shws we’re lsing hearing. Tinnitus is nt nly harmful t ur ears, als it can make us feel uneasy. That’s why it’s necessary t prtect ur ears.
Hw can we prtect ur ears? We’d better keep the vlume lw when we use ur headphnes. We shuld be able t hear sunds arund us. And ther peple shuldn’t hear nise frm ur headphnes. “If I can hear what yu’re listening t when yu’re wearing yur headphnes,” Clark says, “it’s t lud.” T prtect ur ears, keep ur headphnes at abut half vlume.
8. What can we knw abut hair cells?
A. They help us hear.
B. They lk like hairs lying dwn.
C. They can be seen clearly with ur eyes.
9. What des the underlined wrd “tinnitus” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. A musical vice.
B. A kind f instrument.
C. Ringing in ears.
10. What’s the main purpse f the last paragraph?
A. T give advice.
B. T shw prblems.
C. T explain reasns.
11. What’s the main idea f the passage?
A. Befre listening t music, chse a gd headphne.
B. When using a headphne, keep the vlume lw.
C. After using a headphne, check yur ears.
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了耳机很有用，但是它也会导致听力丧失，所以文章建议我们要合理使用耳机。
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据“There are cells (细胞) inside the ears that help us hear. We can’t see them with ur eyes. ‘We call them hair cells,’ Jackie Clark said.”可知，毛细胞帮助我们听到声音。故选A。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“‘It’s like smene is playing a nte n the flute (长笛) fr a lng time,’ Clark says.”可知，这就像有人在笛子上很长时间吹一个音符，即耳朵有时有耳鸣现象。故推测划线单词应该是“耳鸣”的意思。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Hw can we prtect ur ears? We’d better keep the value vlume lw when we use ur headphnes.”可知，此段主要给出了使用耳机的建议。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据“Hw can we prtect ur ears? We’d better keep the value vlume lw when we use ur headphnes.”可知，本文主要讲了为了保护我们的耳朵，使用耳机时最好把音量调小。故选B。
What can yu d when yu dn’t want t d hmewrk? Yu knw it has t be dne, but it’s the last thing yu want t d. Hw can yu deal with the prblem? ____12____
Set gals (目标) fr yurself, Yur gals dn't have t be big. In fact, the smaller, the better. Start by setting gals yu can reach easily.
Take a plan and write it dwn. ____13____ Because smething abut the written wrds makes it harder t frget. Once yu write it dwn, its easier t carry it ut.
____14____ D it first because it needs a fresh mind. Yu ften dislike it if yu find yur hmewrk difficult. But if yu try yur best and finish it, yu’ll have a sense f achievement.
Use rewards (奖励) t mark yur prgress. If yu have cmpleted part f yur hmewrk, yu culd take a break. ____15____ Or yu culd even “allw” yurself t g t a mvie n Friday.
Ask yur parents fr help. If yu dn’t ask, yur parents will never knw what truble yu have. S they wn't be able t give yu helpful advice.
These suggestins abve culd wrk n yu. Try them ut. It’s time t take actin nw.
A. Hw can yu make a plan?
B. D difficult hmewrk first.
C. Why shuld yu write it dwn?
D. Here is sme advice t help yu.
E. Yu culd als eat smething yu like.
【语篇解读】本文主要讲了针对不想做作业问题而提出的几个建议。
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. E
【12题详解】
根据上文“Hw can yu deal with the prblem?”和下文“Set gals fr yurself、Take a plan and write it dwn、Use rewards t mark yur prgress.”可知说的是处理不想做作业问题的建议，结合选项，D选项“这里有一些建议可以帮助你。”与之相符。故选D。
【13题详解】
根据上文“Take a plan and write it dwn.”和下文Because smething abut the written wrds makes it harder t frget.”可知，介绍了记在计划的原因，故空处会询问为什么要写下来，结合选项知，C选项“你为什么要写下来？”与之相符。故选C。
【14题详解】
根据下文“Yu ften dislike it if yu find yur hmewrk difficult.”可知说的是不喜欢难的家庭作业，故空处与家庭作业相关。结合选项，B选项“先做难的作业。”与之相符。故选B。
【15题详解】
根据上文“Use rewards (奖励) t mark yur prgress.”可知，用奖励来标记你的进步。可知说的是使用奖励，结合选项可知，E选项“你也可以吃你喜欢的东西。”与之相符。故选E。
第三部分, 语言运用。第一节,
As a child, I was quite active. I was running arund and getting hurt almst every day. My mm was ____16____. A neighbr advised me t learn t fish. I liked the ____17____, but my mm said n. She thught it was ____18____ t get clse t any bdy f water.
At last, my mm gt anther idea. Every day, she made me sit at the desk and ____19____ fr an hur. I hated reading and cried a lt. Then, my ____20____, a schl teacher, came t help. He led me t my desk and tld me t ____21____ ne bk. “Read just twenty pages. If yu still feel bred after that, just put it dwn and chse anther ne,” he said.
I started with The Emperr’s New Clthes. After I read twenty ____22____ as my uncle suggested, I was rlling (打滚) n the flr laughing. What a stupid emperr! Next, I read mre bks. As time went n, I was able t ____23____ understand the stries. S I started reading lnger and mre serius bks. I fell in lve with Jurney t the West. My mm said I shuld spend mre time playing utside. But I didn’t want t ____24____ the bk.
T this day, I make time t read every day. If yu haven’t yet experienced the fun f reading, take my uncle’s advice and find the “____25____” bks. They’ll give yu enjyment, teach yu smething new and even change yur life.
16. A. bredB. surprisedC. wrried
17. A. ideaB. ruleC. truth
18. A. helpfulB. dangerusC. necessary
19. A. drawB. writeC. read
20. A. uncleB. fatherC. neighbr
21. A. describeB. pickC. brrw
22. A. wrdsB. linesC. pages
23. A. hardlyB. easilyC. wrngly
24. A. put dwnB. give awayC. lk thrugh
25. A. lngB. seriusC. right
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了作者总是因为太活跃而造成了一些问题，妈妈把阅读作为治疗作者的方法，后来作者逐渐找到了阅读的乐趣。
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C
【16题详解】
句意：我妈妈很担心。
bred无聊的；surprised惊讶的；wrried担心的。根据“I was running arund and getting hurt almst every day.”可知作者每天几乎都会受伤，妈妈很担心。故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：我喜欢这个主意，但我妈妈不同意。
idea主意；rule规则；truth真相。根据“A neighbr advised me t learn t fish. ”可知，作者喜欢钓鱼这个主意。故选A。
【18题详解】
句意：她认为靠近水边是危险的。
helpful有帮助的；dangerus危险的；necessary有必要的。根据“my mm said n”可知，她认为是危险的。故选B。
【19题详解】
句意：每天她让我坐在桌旁读一小时书。
draw画；write写；read读。根据“I hated reading”可知，此处指读书。故选C。
【20题详解】
句意：然后我的叔叔，一位教师来帮助我。
uncle叔叔；father父亲；neighbr邻居。根据“as my uncle suggested”可知，此处指叔叔。故选A。
【21题详解】
句意：他把我带到桌旁，让我挑选一本书。
describe描述；pick挑选；brrw借。根据“He led me t my desk and tld me”可知，他让作者挑一本书读。故选B。
【22题详解】
句意：当我像我叔叔建议的那样读完20页之后，我笑得在地上打滚。
wrds词；lines线；pages页。根据“Read just twenty pages.”可知，此处指页码。故选C。
【23题详解】
句意：随着时间的推移，我可以很容易地理解故事内容。
hardly几乎不；easily容易地；wrngly错误地。根据“S I started reading lnger and mre serius bks.”可知，我可以很容易地读懂故事。故选B。
【24题详解】
句意：但我不想放下书。
put dwn放下；give away赠送；lk thrugh浏览。根据But表示转折可知，作者不想放下书出去玩。故选A。
【25题详解】
句意：如果你还没有体会到读书的乐趣，采纳我叔叔的建议，找到合适的书阅读。
lng长的；serius严肃的；right合适的。根据“take my uncle’s advice and find”可知此处指找到适合自己的书去阅读。故选C。
I wrk at a mst ppular restaurant in my hmetwn. I lve wrking here as a member f a fantastic team. Peple here are very ____26____ (friend), and hard-wrking.
I started by washing dishes when I was nly 18. I wrked hard, and sn became ____27____ waiter. Simn, wh was head chef (主厨) then, began t shw ____28____ (I) hw t ck. I lved it s much and I ____29____ (g) t cllege t learn mre. When Simn left the restaurant, I became head chef. At the time all the fd was traditinal. The quality (品质) was gd, but I wanted t d smething different, s I decided ____30____ (have) a different menu.
Nw we serve fd frm all ver the cuntry. There are many markets and fd shps here. I can ____31____ (usual) find any ingredient (配料) I need. I use a lt f natural fd. Sme peple think it is nt s delicius, ____32____ I dn’t agree. Well-prepared natural fd has a ____33____ (gd) taste than fast fd. Our fd is healthy and mst custmers lve it. We use the best meat and the freshest vegetables. At the weekend we play many ____34____ (kind) f music. There’s als a special menu ____35____ children n Saturdays and that’s when we serve traditinal fd.
【语篇解读】本文讲述了作者在家乡一家非常受欢迎的餐厅工作的经历。
【答案】26. friendly 27. a 28. me 29. went 30. t have 31. usually 32. but 33. better 34. kinds 35. fr
【26题详解】
句意：这里的人都很友好而且辛勤。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词形式，作表语，friendly“友好的”符合。故填friendly。
【27题详解】
句意：我努力工作，很快就成为一名服务员。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指的一名服务员，使用不定冠词；waiter以辅音音素开头，使用不定冠词a。故填a。
【28题详解】
句意：西蒙，那时是主厨，开始教我如何做饭。分析句子结构可知，空处使用人称代词宾格，作宾语。故填me。
【29题详解】
句意：我非常喜欢它，我去大学学习更多。根据空前的“lved”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，此处使用过去式形式。故填went。
【30题详解】
句意：质量很好，但我想做一些不同的东西，所以我决定有一个不同的菜单。decide t d sth.“决定做某事”，固定词组。故填t have。
【31题详解】
句意：我可以通常找到我需要的任何配料。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词，作状语。故填usually。
【32题详解】
句意：有些人认为它不好吃，但我不同意。根据空前后的句意可知，此处句意发生了转折，but“但是”符合。故填but。
【33题详解】
句意：精心准备的天然食品比快餐更美味。根据空后的“than”可知，此处使用比较级形式。故填better。
【34题详解】
句意：在周末我们播放许多种音乐。根据空前的“many”可知，此处使用复数形式。故填kinds。
【35题详解】
句意：星期六我们还为孩子们提供特别菜单，那时我们供应传统食物。根据“There’s als a special menu…children n Saturdays”的句意可知，此处指为孩子们提供特别菜单，fr“为了”符合。故填fr。
第四部分, 综合技能。第一节,
“Thugh I was brn with half a left arm, I dn’t think I’m unlucky,” said Ms Yang, a 35-year-ld wman frm a small village in Hunan. She’s a successful Xiang embridery (湘绣) artist. Nw she runs a Xiang embridery stre. She lived a hard life fr many years. Luckily, her whle family supprted her. After cllege she applied fr (申请) ver 200 jbs but was turned dwn again and again. She tried t start her wn business but failed with all her mney lst. Then she turned t Xiang embridery.
Ms Yang’s interest in Xiang embridery began when she was a child. She learned sme f the basics frm a neighbr. After running the stre, she tk many training curses, including a three-year curse at Tsinghua University. She kept develping her skills, saying that her disability wuldn’t stp her. In 2014, her business finally started making mney. Then she tried t d smething fr sciety. Xiang embridery has a histry f ver 2,000 years. As Xiang embridery is ne f the fur best-knwn styles (风格) f embridery in China, she hpes t spread its culture and make mre peple learn abut it.
By ffering free lessns, Ms Yang helps lts f peple, including many disabled nes. Ms Yang’s stry is encuraging. It shws hw imprtant strng wills and interests are. When we face difficulties, we shuld never give up. Just as a saying ges, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
36. Where is Ms Yang frm?
______________________________________________________
37. Hw lng is the histry f Xiang embridery?
______________________________________________________
38. Hw des Ms Yang help peple?
______________________________________________________
39. D yu want t learn Xiang embridery this summer hliday? Why r why nt?
______________________________________________________
40. 将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。
______________________________________________________
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了杨女士和湘绣之间的故事。
【答案】36. She is frm a small village in Hunan, China.
37. It has a histry f ver 2,000 years.
38. She helps peple by ffering free lessns.
39. Yes, I d. Because learning Xiang embridery culd be a great way t appreciate traditinal Chinese art and culture.
40. 当我们面对困难时，我们永远不应该放弃。
【36题详解】
根据“ Ms Yang, a 35-year-ld wman frm a small village in Hunan.”可知，杨女士来自中国湖南省一个小村庄。故填She is frm a small village in Hunan, China.
【37题详解】
根据“Xiang embridery has a histry f ver 2,000 years.”可知，湘绣有着两千多年的历史。故填It has a histry f ver 2,000 years.
【38题详解】
根据“By ffering free lessns, Ms Yang helps lts f peple, including many disabled nes.”可知，她通过提供免费课程帮助了许多人。故填She helps peple by ffering free lessns.
【39题详解】
根据题目要求可知，本题应回答是否想要在暑假学习湘绣以及原因，可回答：我想学习刺绣，因为学习湘绣是欣赏中国传统艺术和文化的好方法。故填Yes, I d. Because learning Xiang embridery culd be a great way t appreciate traditinal Chinese art and culture.
【40题详解】
分析划线句子可知，本句为when“在……时候”引导的时间状语从句；we“我们”作从句主语；face“面对”为谓语动词；difficulties“困难”作宾语；情态动词shuld表示“应该”；never“绝不”；动词短语give up表示“放弃”。故填：当我们面对困难时，我们永远不应该放弃。
第二节, 写作。
41. 英语课上老师要求以“Sprts make us better”为话题开展三人一组的讨论。假定你是李华，将代表小组在全班发言，请根据以下信息写一篇英文发言稿，内容包括：
1. 介绍你们各自喜欢的运动；
2. 谈谈运动对你们的影响。
注意：
1. 文中不得出现人名和校名等真实信息；
2. 写作词数为80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Hell, everyne,
I’m Li Hua frm Grup One. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank yu.
【答案】例文
Hell, everyne,
I’m Li Hua frm Grup One. Belw, n behalf f ur grup, I will reprt n ur discussin. Cindy’s favrite sprt is vlleyball. She ften plays vlleyball with her friends. By playing vlleyball, she has becme mre cnfident and healthy. Frank lves riding a bicycle best. By riding a bicycle, his bdy has becme strnger and strnger. I like playing basketball. If I have time, I ften g t the park t play basketball with my friends n weekends. Playing basketball has taught me the spirit f teamwrk and never giving up.
Library Helpers Wanted
Bk lvers read stries t children every Sunday in July. Please fill in a frm nline. Fr mre infrmatin, visit the website www. hnlibrary. cm.
Help fr Old Peple
Help at the ld peple’s hme. Dance r sing well. Free in September. E-mail Anna at hnzk@gfimail. cm.
Cleaners and Gardeners
Vlunteers are needed fr cleaning and gardening at Rse Garden. Gd at taking care f plants. Wrk frm 7 a. m. t nn n August 5th and 6th.
Call Mr. Walker at 555-5694.