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安徽省江南十校2023-2024学年高二下学期5月联考英语试卷（Word版附解析）
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这是一份安徽省江南十校2023-2024学年高二下学期5月联考英语试卷（Word版附解析），文件包含安徽省江南十校2023-2024学年高二下学期5月阶段联考英语试题Word版含解析docx、安徽省江南十校2023-2024学年高二下学期5月阶段联考英语试题Word版无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共36页， 欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. Why des the wman need help?
A. She finds the directins difficult.
B. She has never baked befre.
C. She desn’t have a recipe.
2. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In a library. B. In a bkstre. C. In a classrm.
3. What des the man want t d?
A. Admire the scenery. B. Cntinue walking. C. Have a rest.
4. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. The wman’s indecisin abut ging abrad.
B. The advantage f hmestay accmmdatin.
C. The wman’s fear f traveling.
5. What d we knw abut the wman?
A. She is mre sensitive t ht weather than the man.
B. She wants t buy an air cnditiner.
C. She cled herself dwn by a fan.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题
6. What is the wman planning t d next year?
A. Rw a race. B. Cmpete in a marathn. C. Imprve her health.
7. What fd des the wman value mst at present?
A. Meat. B. Rice. C. Vegetables.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers rganizing?
A. A crprate dinner. B. A wedding celebratin. C. A birthday party.
9. When will the event take place?
A. On July 10th. B. On August 10th. C. On September 10th.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Where did the wman knw abut the advertisement?
A. On the Internet. B. Frm a newspaper. C. Frm her friend.
11. Why will the man sell the dining table?
A. He has bught a smaller ne.
B. He desn’t like it anymre.
C. He will mve huse.
12. What will the wman prbably d this afternn?
A. Talk with her friend. B. Check n the dining table. C. Tidy up her rm.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the man ding?
A. Painting a picture. B. Admiring a masterpiece. C. Having his meal.
14. What des the wman think f the fd at the canteen?
A. Disappinting. B. Acceptable. C. Satisfactry.
15. What dishes des the wman like best?
A. Ht dgs and grund beef. B. Rice and fish. C. Bread and fish.
16. What des the wman suggest ding fr the talent shw?
A. Singing a sng. B. Bringing sme fd. C. Creating a backdrp.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17 What is the speaker?
A. A teacher. B. A manager. C. A film-maker.
18. Hw did the speaker feel after his first prject?
A. Jyful. B. Prud. C. Nervus.
19. When d the curses end?
A. In July. B. In August. C. In September.
20. What des Pw Pictures ffer thrughut the year?
A. Graphic design curses.
B. Language learning prgrams.
C. Jb pprtunities.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There’s nthing s annying as a brken bike. If there’s smething wrng with yur bicycle, stp using it and have it checked and fixed by MacBike’s expert mechanics (机修工).
FIXED WITHIN ONE DAY
Mst f ur repairs are dne by ur bike mechanics within ne day, s if yu bring yur bike in the mrning yu can pick it up at the end f the day.
FREE LOAN BIKE
If repairs are 35 Eurs r mre, yu will find free replacement transprt ready and waiting fr yu. This lan bike will have yu back n the rad within 10 minutes!
BOVAG CERTIFIED
We are a BOVAG-certified bike repair shp. We fllw specialized wrkshps annually s we can deliver high-quality services t ur custmers. We handle BOVAG guarantee and BOVAG terms f delivery.
Where
MacBike has three shps fr bicycle sales and repair shps in the city centre f Amsterdam: 38th Avenue, 30th Avenue, 45th Avenue.
Business Hurs
Mnday-Saturday frm 09:00-18:00
Clsed n
25 & 26 December.
1 January
27 April
Telephne Number
0031 (0)20 428 14 40
Getting There
Bus 9, 14
Subway 51, 53, 54
1. Hw lng will it take fr a MacBike’s wrker t fix a brken bike?
A. A day.B. A week.C. A mrning.D. An afternn.
2. What can be inferred abut BOVAG frm the text?
A. It is lcated in Amsterdam.B. It has the public recgnitin.
C. It ffers prfessinals t the shp.D. It has three shps in the city center.
3. Hw culd a visitr pay a visit t the MacBike’s repair shp?
A. By taking Bus 53.B. By taking Subway 51.
C. By riding a lan bike.D. By ging there n Christmas.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是自行车销售和维修店MacBike的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据FIXED WITHIN ONE DAY部分的“Mst f ur repairs are dne by ur bike mechanics within ne day, s if yu bring yur bike in the mrning yu can pick it up at the end f the day.(我们的大部分维修都是在一天内由我们的自行车修理工完成的，所以如果你早上把你的自行车带来，你可以在一天结束的时候来取。)”可知，MacBike的工人修理一辆坏了的自行车需要一天。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据BOVAG CERTIFIED部分的“We are a BOVAG-certified bike repair shp.(我们是BOVAG认证的自行车维修店。)”可知，BOVAG是公众认可的，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Getting There部分的“Subway 51, 53, 54(地铁51，53，54)”可知，游客可以乘51号地铁去MacBike的维修店，故选B。
B
When 12-year-ld Erica Fernandez vlunteered t help clean up the beach in her new hmetwn, Oxnard, Califrnia, she culd barely speak English. She was just a kid helping 20 adults take care f the beach. She and her family had recently arrived in Califrnia frm a small twn in Mexic.
Erica started ging dr t dr in her mainly Spanish-speaking farmwrker cmmunity. “I always lved the cean,” she says, “s it made me really sad t see this beautiful beach full f trash. That’s why I decided t help.”
Erica cared t much t stay silent. Having grwn up in a tiny twn in the Mexican state f Michacán, she had a strng mtivatin t care fr nature. “We grew ur wn fd and raised ur wn animals. Taking care f nature was part f survival.” She wanted t bring that same spirit t her new life in Califrnia.
As her English imprved, she talked t kids in her high schl abut what was ging n. “I didn’t knw if they wuld listen t me. My English wasn’t gd and I was nly sixteen,” she says. As she nervusly apprached the micrphne, she was infrmed that time was running ut. One minute and thirty secnds was all she had. “I culdn’t give my prepared speech, s I just spke frm my heart.”
The result was electrifying. When Erica was finished, peple std up and brke int applause. One f the teachers said, “I’m very mved by yur wrds, Erica. When I was yur age, I was playing vide games.”
Only the secnd persn in her family t g t cllege, Erica wants t becme an envirnmental lawyer s she can fight fr the envirnment and fr the rights f cmmunities. She wants ther yung peple t speak ut when they see smething wrng, even if they feel shy abut it at first. “We are the future. The future is urs.”
4. Why did the authr mentin Erica’s wrds in Paragraph 2?
A. T shw gratitude t her actin.B. T advcate learning frm her.
C. T clarify the reasn fr her help.D. T think highly f her devtin.
5. Accrding t the passage, what can we learn abut Erica?
A. She was the nly cllege student in her family.
B. She vlunteered t clean up the garbage n Spanish beaches.
C. She spent her childhd in a small twn in Mexic.
D. She culdn’t speak either English r Spanish in Califrnia.
6. What d we knw abut Erica’s speech?
A. The device disturbed her perfrmance.
B. The audience was greatly encuraged.
C. It affected peple’s attitude t playing games.
D. Erica expressed her inner thughts fluently.
7. Frm which is this text mst prbably taken?
A. A gegraphy textbk.B. A health reprt.
C. A scientific website.D. An envirnmental magazine.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是主人公Erica Fernandez志愿清理海滩垃圾的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中““I always lved the cean,” she says, “s it made me really sad t see this beautiful beach full f trash. That’s why I decided t help.”(“我一直很喜欢海洋，”她说，“所以看到这个美丽的海滩上到处都是垃圾，我真的很难过。这就是我决定帮忙的原因。”)”可知，Erica看到美丽的海滩到处都是垃圾，她感到很难过，所以决定帮忙清理海滩，由此可知，她的话告知了自己行为的原因。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Having grwn up in a tiny twn in the Mexican state f Michacán, she had a strng mtivatin t care fr nature.(她在墨西哥Michacán州的一个小镇长大，有强烈的动机去关心自然。)”可知，她在墨西哥的一个小镇长大。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The result was electrifying.(结果令人振奋。)”以及“When Erica was finished, peple std up and brke int applause.(当Erica讲完时，人们站起来，爆发出热烈的掌声。)”可知，演讲令人振奋，且演讲结束后，人们站起来鼓掌，由此可知，此次演讲很成功，人们受到鼓舞并起立鼓掌。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段中的“When 12-year-ld Erica Fernandez vlunteered t help clean up the beach in her new hmetwn, Oxnard, Califrnia, she culd barely speak English.(当12岁的Erica Fernandez在她的新家乡加州奥克斯纳德志愿帮助清理海滩时，她几乎不会说英语。)”以及下文中的介绍的她为了清理海滩所作出的努力可知，本文主要讲述的是主人公志愿清理海滩垃圾的故事，属于环境保护类话题，由此可知推断，本文有可能会出自环境杂志。故选D项。
C
Scial events are understandably taxing n yur mind and bdy. But yu’ve prbably heard that extrverts gain vivacity frm being arund ther peple, while intrverts get their energy frm being alne. Des this mean that extrverts dn’t get tired f scializing?
We all fall smewhere n a scale between intrversin and extrversin — nbdy is nly ne r the ther. The impact f yur persnality preference n yur in-the-mment behaviur varies depending n the situatin.
In studies that have tested levels f extrversin, results indicate that there’s a cnnectin between a mre intrverted persnality and fatigue (疲劳). It’s nt simply the case that extrverts never tire f scial interactin, thugh. It’s just that the upper limit will vary frm persn t persn.
Research int the fatiguing effects f scial interactins has identified sme cmmn factrs amng thse cnsidered mst tiring. Cnversatins that were lng, difficult r intense, felt mre tiring. If a persn was trying hard t make a gd impressin r meeting lts f new peple, they were mre likely t feel exhausted afterward. Cnflict and cmplaint als tk mre energy.
This means that it may be pssible t reduce the tiring effect f scializing by actively seeking encunters that make yu feel at ease, that dn’t invlve t many new peple r that allw fr breaks during lng cnversatins.
It’s thught that the emtins yu experience during scial events can als have an effect n yur feelings f fatigue. If yu have t spend a lng time suppressing (抑制) yur true feelings, r shwing a certain emtin that’s at dds with what yu really feel, yu culd be mre prne t (倾向于) emtinal exhaustin.
Fr example, “service with a smile” jbs culd make servers mre tired, and care wrkers wh are unable t shw their sadness r fear fr their patients may find themselves emtinally exhausted utside f wrk. T get rid f this, it’s suggested that yu make time t express yur negative feelings and accept and acknwledge that they’re reasnable, reducing the emtinal disharmny wherever pssible.
8. What des the underlined wrd “vivacity” mean in Paragraph 1?
A. Harm.B. Energy.C. HumrD. Inspiratin.
9. What is the main idea f Paragraph 4?
A. The cnsequence f tiredness.
B. The way f getting rid f tiredness.
C. The reasn why scializing causes tiredness.
D. The imprtance f keeping away frm tiredness.
10. What is an effective way t avid fatigue when scializing?
A. Sleep after scializing.
B. Have a rest after talking much.
C. Invlve yurself in an activity with mre peple.
D. Making mre friends puts yu at ease.
11. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. It is better t develp mre ptimistic character.
B. Peple taking a jb that requires a smile can feel happier.
C. It is better t accept and acknwledge valid psitive feelings.
D. Care wrkers had better shw negative feelings fr their well-being.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了外向型人和内向型人在社交活动中疲劳感的差异，并指出性格类型并非决定性因素，而是受具体情况和个人经历影响。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“But yu’ve prbably heard that extrverts gain vivacity frm being arund ther peple, while intrverts get their energy frm being alne.(但你可能听说过，外向的人从周围的人那里获得vivacity，而内向的人从独处中获得能量)”中连词while(而，然而)可知，句中将外向的人和内向的人进行对比，对比了他们获得vivacity和energy的不同途径，两个词语意一致，都是“活力”的意思。故选B项。
9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Research int the fatiguing effects f scial interactins has identified sme cmmn factrs amng thse cnsidered mst tiring. Cnversatins that were lng, difficult r intense, felt mre tiring. If a persn was trying hard t make a gd impressin r meeting lts f new peple, they were mre likely t feel exhausted afterward. Cnflict and cmplaint als tk mre energy.(对社交互动的疲劳效应的研究已经确定了一些常见的因素，这些因素被认为是最累的。长时间、困难或激烈的谈话会让人感觉更累。如果一个人努力想给人留下好印象，或者想见很多新朋友，那么之后他们更有可能感到筋疲力尽。冲突和抱怨也消耗了更多的精力)”可知，第四段主要介绍了社交导致疲劳的各种原因。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“This means that it may be pssible t reduce the tiring effect f scializing by actively seeking encunters that make yu feel at ease, that dn’t invlve t many new peple r that allw fr breaks during lng cnversatins.(这意味着积极地寻找让你感觉轻松的交往，不涉及太多的新朋友，或者在长时间的交谈中允许休息，可能会减少社交的疲劳效应)”可知，在社交中，说了很多话后休息一下可以避免疲劳。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中““service with a smile” jbs culd make servers mre tired, and care wrkers wh are unable t shw their sadness r fear fr their patients may find themselves emtinally exhausted utside f wrk. T get rid f this, it’s suggested that yu make time t express yur negative feelings and accept and acknwledge that they’re reasnable(“微笑服务”的工作可能会让服务员更加疲惫，而那些无法向病人表达悲伤或恐惧的护理人员可能会发现自己在工作之余情绪疲惫。为了摆脱这种情况，建议你花时间表达你的负面情绪，接受并承认它们是合理的)”可知，作者认为护理人员需要表现出负面情绪，这样有利于他们的健康。故选D项。
D
Psychlgists Edward Deci and Richard Ryan tried t find the cre f living well. Their research in self-determinatin thery cnducted ver the curse f fur decades with a netwrk f 500 participants in 39 cuntries, has fund that the experience f happiness is affected by the satisfactin f basic psychlgical needs t feel cmpetent, self-determining, and psitively related t ther peple in the activities f ne’s life. These are universal needs, bserved acrss all stages f life and in every culture in which studies have been cnducted, and they help explain the truth in the ancient ideal f happiness, r human flurishing (繁荣).
Accrding t this ideal, living well invlves fulfilling ne’s human ptential in ways that are admirable, sustainable (可持续的), and persnally satisfying. Ryan and Deci identifies three brad frms f ptential: scial, intellectual, and prductive/creative. In ther wrds, the frms are psychlgically linked t the satisfactin f human beings’ universal basic needs fr psitive relatedness, self-determinatin, and cmpetence. Fulfilling all three frms f ptential is the key t happiness, and shaping ur lives and institutins accrdingly wuld be much mre matched with sustainability than pursuing wealth withut limit.
A related finding, which is very imprtant fr the pursuit f sustainability, is that escape frm pverty is imprtant t happiness but the pursuit f wealth, status (地位), and image as life gals is less beneficial t happiness than the pursuit f life gals that directly fulfill ur basic frms f ptential and satisfy ur related psychlgical needs. Scieties that have prmted the accumulatin f wealth withut limit have nt raised their general level f happiness by ding s. It shuld be evident t any bserver f life in the U.S. that as wealth and inequality have grwn, mst Americans have becme mre painfully fcused n ccupatinal insecurity and n status cmpetitin that has simply becme mre expensive and less sustainable.
As a cnsequence, we culd be happier bth nw and in the future if we culd vercme the blind faith in wealth accumulatin that shaped the scially, plitically and envirnmentally unstable wrld with which we must nw deal.
12. What did Deci and Ryan find in their research?
A. Happiness is nly determined by neself.
B. 500 peple feel cmpetent in their lives.
C. Peple shuld spend 4 decades t meet the basic needs.
D. Every culture has the similar understanding f happiness.
13. Hw can we live well accrding t the research?
A. By achieving ur ptential.B. By shaping ur lives and institutins.
C. By pursuing wealth withut any limit.D. By identifying three frms f ptential.
14 Why did the authr mentin America in the third paragraph?
A. T shw the imprtance f wealth.
B. T present the necessity f escape frm pverty.
C. T intrduce the new finding f the pursuit f life gals.
D. T prve the wrng cncept between mney and happiness.
15. What is the authr’s attitude t the wrld nwadays?
A. Cnfident.B. Supprtive.C. Disappinted.D. Uncncerned.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了自我决定理论对于幸福和可持续性的理解，并强调了追求基本心理需求的满足和多种形式的潜力实现对于幸福的重要性。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Their research in self-determinatin thery cnducted ver the curse f fur decades with a netwrk f 500 participants in 39 cuntries, has fund that the experience f happiness is affected by the satisfactin f basic psychlgical needs t feel cmpetent, self-determining, and psitively related t ther peple in the activities f ne’s life. These are universal needs, bserved acrss all stages f life and in every culture in which studies have been cnducted, and they help explain the truth in the ancient ideal f happiness, r human flurishing (繁荣).(他们对自我决定理论进行了长达40年的研究，研究对象是来自39个国家的500名参与者。他们发现，幸福的体验受到基本心理需求的满足的影响，这些心理需求是指在生活活动中感到自己有能力、自我决定，并与他人积极联系。这些都是普遍的需求，在生命的各个阶段和进行研究的每种文化中都能观察到，它们有助于解释古代幸福或人类繁荣理想的真相。)”可知，Deci和Ryan在他们的研究中发现了每种文化对幸福都有相似的理解。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Accrding t this ideal, living well invlves fulfilling ne’s human ptential in ways that are admirable, sustainable (可持续的), and persnally satisfying.(根据这一理想，生活得好包括以令人钦佩的、可持续的和个人满意的方式实现一个人的潜能。)”可知，通过发挥我们的潜力我们才能生活得更好。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Scieties that have prmted the accumulatin f wealth withut limit have nt raised their general level f happiness by ding s. It shuld be evident t any bserver f life in the U.S. that as wealth and inequality have grwn, mst Americans have becme mre painfully fcused n ccupatinal insecurity and n status cmpetitin that has simply becme mre expensive and less sustainable.(那些无限制地促进财富积累的社会，并没有因此提高他们的总体幸福水平。任何观察美国生活的人都应该很清楚，随着财富和不平等的加剧，大多数美国人更加痛苦地关注职业不安全感和地位竞争，这种竞争变得更加昂贵，更不可持续。)”可知，作者在第三段提到了美国是为了证明金钱和幸福之间的错误概念。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“As a cnsequence, we culd be happier bth nw and in the future if we culd vercme the blind faith in wealth accumulatin that shaped the scially, plitically and envirnmentally unstable wrld with which we must nw deal.(因此，如果我们能够克服对财富积累的盲目信仰，我们现在和将来都会更幸福。正是这种盲目信仰造就了我们现在必须面对的社会、政治和环境不稳定的世界。)”可知，作者对当今世界的态度是失望的。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两处为多余选项。
As glbal warming heats up, humans will suffer frm rising temperatures. ____16____.
In recent years, scientists have fund links between human-caused climate change and heat stress. This can lwer milk prductin. The researchers studied 48 Hlstein cws. ____17____ Over the curse f tw weeks, half f the cws were expsed t apprximately 98-degree heat. The ther half were hused in neutral cnditins (中性条件). All f the cws were milked twice a day. The researchers tracked everything frm their vital signs t their weight, feed intake and milk yields. ____18____ The research was published in the Jurnal f Dairy Science.
____19____ The heat-stressed cws had higher insulin (胰岛素) levels. They ate and drank less, t. The researchers als analyzed bld samples frm the cws. The heat-stressed cws develped leaky gut (肠子) within just three days. The cnditin ccurs when bacteria and ther material “leak’s” trugh weakened parts f the intestinal wall (肠壁). This can cause inflammatin in cws.
____20____ When they fed them a special mix f rganic acids and pure btanicals, their guts became less permeable. The cws ate mre. Thy prduced mre milk. That dietary slutin culd help prevent sme f the billins f dllars in cmic lsses related t heat stressed cws. The research culd eventually lead t changes in feed frmulatins.
A. But the researchers als fund a way t help cws deal with heat.
B. As predicted, the warm cws’ milk prductin declined.
C. But hw will climate change affect cws?
D. When expsed t heat, the cws ate less and drank less.
E. Heat stress can als lead t diseases and ther issues in dairy cws.
F. They hused them in temperature-cntrlled stalls.
G. Hwever, there are many measures we can take t deal with the prblem.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. B 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了气候变化对奶牛的奶产量所产生的影响，气温越高，牛奶产量越低。
【16题详解】
根据空前的“As glbal warming heats up, humans will suffer frm rising temperatures.(随着全球变暖的加剧，人类将受到气温升高的影响)”可知，全球变暖导致人类受到影响，根据下文中的“In recent years, scientists have fund links between human-caused climate change and heat stress. This can lwer milk prductin.(近年来，科学家们发现了人类引起的气候变化和热应激之间的联系。这会降低产奶量。)”可知，温度升高会降低奶牛的奶产量，由此可知，此空应引出下文中谈论气温上升对奶牛有影响，C选项“But hw will climate change affect cws?(但是气候变化将如何影响奶牛呢？)”呼应空前的内容且引出下文话题，符合语境。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据空前的“The researchers studied 48 Hlstein cws.(研究人员研究了48头荷斯坦奶牛。)”以及空后的“Over the curse f tw weeks, half f the cws were expsed t apprximately 98-degree heat. The ther half were hused in neutral cnditins (中性条件). All f the cws were milked twice a day.(在两周的时间里，一半的奶牛暴露在大约98度的高温下。另一半则被安置在中性条件中。所有的奶牛一天挤两次奶。)”可知，本段描述了研究的过程和方法，F选项“They hused them in temperature-cntrlled stalls.(研究人员们把奶牛安置在控制温度的牛棚里。)”仍然在谈论研究方法，符合语境。故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据空前“Over the curse f tw weeks, half f the cws were expsed t apprximately 98-degree heat. The ther half were hused in neutral cnditins (中性条件). All f the cws were milked twice a day. The researchers tracked everything frm their vital signs t their weight, feed intake and milk yields.(在两周的时间里，一半的奶牛暴露在大约98度的高温下。另一半则被安置在中性环境中。所有的奶牛一天挤两次奶。研究人员追踪了从它们的生命体征到体重、采食量和产奶量的一切。)”可知，此处描述了研究的过程和方法，结合空后的“The research was published in the Jurnal f Dairy Science.(这项研究发表在《乳品科学杂志》上。)”可知，该项研究发表在相应的杂志上，由此可推断，此空讲述的应与研究发现相关，B选项“As predicted, the warm cws’ milk prductin declined.(正如预测的那样，温暖条件下的奶牛的产奶量下降了。)”讲述的是研究的结果，符合语境。故选B项。
【19题详解】
分析语篇可知，此空为本段的主题句，根据空后的“The heat-stressed cws had higher insulin (胰岛素) levels. They ate and drank less, t. The researchers als analyzed bld samples frm the cws. The heat-stressed cws develped leaky gut (肠子) within just three days.(热应激奶牛的胰岛素水平更高。它们也少吃少喝。研究人员还分析了奶牛的血液样本。热应激的奶牛在短短三天内就出现了肠漏。)”可知，研究表明热应激会导致牛的胰岛素更高，而且奶牛在三天内还会出现肠漏，由此可知，本段主要讲述的是热应激导致的一些问题。E选项“Heat stress can als lead t diseases and ther issues in dairy cws.(热应激也会导致奶牛的疾病和其他问题。)”概括了本段讲述的内容，为本段落的总起句，符合语境。故选E项。
【20题详解】
分析语篇可知，此空为本段的主题句，根据空后的“When they fed them a special mix f rganic acids and pure btanicals, their guts became less permeable.(当研究人员给他们喂食有机酸和纯植物的特殊混合物时，他们的肠道变得不那么容易渗透。)”可知，给奶牛喂食有机酸和纯植物的特殊混合物时，牛的肠道就不容易渗透，由此可知，本段讲述的事研究人员找到了一种帮助奶牛处理热量的方法，A选项“But the researchers als fund a way t help cws deal with heat.(但研究人员也发现了一种帮助奶牛应对高温的方法。)”讲述的内容与上文为转折关系，且概括了本段要讲述的内容，符合语境。故选A项。
第三部分 语言知识应用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
23-year-ld Ganesh Baraiya is living prf that nthing is impssible. Despite facing ____21____ because f his shrt stature, he managed t becme the wrld’s shrtest dctr.
Ganesh Baraiya was brn in the Talaia Thaluka area f Gujarat, India, and faced adversity (逆境) frm a very yung age. He was brn nrmal. ____22____, at the age f fur, his parents nticed that his head was ____23____ his bdy, s they tk him t a dctr. They learned that the by suffered frm an ____24____ cnditin and there was nthing anyne culd d. Wanting t help her sn, Ganesh’s mther put a tub-like helmet n his head t prevent it frm grwing and give his bdy a chance t ____25____. In schl, he was ften ____26____ because f his large head and shrt stature, but he als had friends wh ____27____ him and he was able t fcus n his studies.
Despite his physical limitatins, Ganesh Baraya was always very ____28____. He knew he wanted t be a dctr frm a very yung age, and put all his energy int his studies, wrking hard t get high grades. When the time came, he applied fr a Bachelr f Medicine and Bachelr f Surgery degree (MBBS), nly t be ____29____ because f his dwarfism (侏儒症). Despite his gd test results, the Medical Cuncil f India rejected his applicatin because f his height (nly three feet), _____30_____ that he wuldn’t be able t perfrm his duties in emergency cases.
Ganesh was shcked by the rejectin, but he wasn’t abut t give up n his dream. With the help f his schl principal, he _____31_____ the District Cllectr, then the state Educatin Minister, and _____32_____ kncked n the drs f the Gujarat High Curt. _____33_____ f his effrts were successful, but he refused t give up. His case reached India’s Supreme Curt, and justice was _____34_____ dne. In 2018, India’s tp curt f law awarded Ganesh the right t enrll in an MBBS, and he did just that the fllwing year.
“I was very disappinted three years ag, but I refused t accept their refusal. Nw I am very happy that I gt justice frm the Supreme Curt,” Ganesh said. “Nw I am n the way t fulfill the dream I’ve _____35_____ since childhd. I knw I’m different, but I want t live a gd life like ther peple and make my parents prud.”
21. A. disappintmentB. embarrassmentC. discriminatinD. distinctin
22. A. HweverB. ButC. InsteadD. Thus
23. A. matchingB. utgrwingC. verflwingD. verding
24. A. unbearableB. inefficientC. unavidableD. incurable
25. A. catch upB. take upC. make upD. put up
26. A. encuragedB. recgnizedC. teasedD. cmplained
27. A. turned tB. std byC. cunted nD. referred t
28. A. humrusB. curiusC. creativeD. ambitius
29. A. deniedB. replacedC. admittedD. reserved
30. A. warningB. claimingC. prvingD. hping
31. A. threatenedB. recmmendedC. trackedD. cntacted
32. A. nlyB. stillC. evenD. als
33. A. NneB. AnyC. SmeD. Nthing
34. A. hardlyB. neverC. initiallyD. finally
35. A. acquiredB. cherishedC. dminatedD. escaped
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了印度医生Ganesh Baraiya并没有因为自己身材矮小，受到歧视而放弃自己的梦想，相反一直努力，让自己更优秀的同时不忘争取自己的合法权利，最终成为一名优秀的医生。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管因为身材矮小而受到歧视，他还是成为了世界上最矮的医生。A. disappintment失望；B. embarrassment尴尬；C. discriminatin歧视；D. distinctin区别。根据下文中的“because f his shrt stature”可知，Ganesh Baraiya身材矮小，由此可推断，此处指的是因此而受到“歧视”符合语境。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在他四岁的时候，他的父母注意到他的头比他的身体长，所以他们带他去看医生。A. Hwever然而；B. But但是；C. Instead代替，反而；D. Thus因此。根据上文中的“He was brn nrmal.”可知，他生下来是正常的，结合下文中的“at the age f fur, his parents nticed that his head was ____3____ his bdy, s they tk him t a dctr.”可知，在他4岁的时候，由于身体的一些一样带父母带他去看医生，上下文之间为转折关系，空后有“逗号”，所以使用hwever。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在他四岁的时候，他的父母注意到他的头比他的身体长得大，所以他们带他去看医生。A. matching匹配；B. utgrwing比……长的大；C. verflwing溢出；D. verding做的过分。根据下文中的“because f his large head and shrt stature”可知，他有个大头和短小的身体，由此可推断，此处指的是他的头“比身体”长得大。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们了解到这个男孩患有不治之症，任何人都无能为力。A. unbearable难以忍受的；B. inefficient效率低的；C. unavidable不可避免的；D. incurable不能治愈的。根据下文中的“and there was nthing anyne culd d.”可知，没有任何医生可做任何事情，由此可知，这个男孩患上“不能治愈的”疾病，符合语境。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：为了帮助儿子，Ganesh的母亲给他戴上了一个像浴缸一样的头盔，以防止他的头长大，并给他的身体一个赶上的机会。A. catch up赶上；B. take up从事；C. make up构成；D. put up张贴，举起。根据上文中的“his parents nticed that his head was ____3____ his bdy”可知，家长发现他的头比身体长的要大，结合“Ganesh’s mther put a tub-like helmet n his head t prevent it frm grwing and give his bdy a chance”可知，由于头比身体长得大，所以他的妈妈给他的头上戴上一个头盔，防止他的头长大，这样可以给身体一个“赶上”的机会。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学校里，他经常因为个头大身材矮而被嘲笑，但他也有朋友支持他，他能够专注于学习。A. encuraged鼓励；B. recgnized识别；C. teased嘲笑；D. cmplained抱怨。根据下文中的“because f his large head and shrt stature”可知，由于他长得头大身体小，所以学生们“取笑”他，符合语境。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在学校里，他经常因为个头大身材矮而被嘲笑，但他也有朋友支持他，他能够专注于学习。A. turned t求助；B. std by支持；C. cunted n指望；D. referred t参考。根据上文中的but以及下文中的“and he was able t fcus n his studies.”可知，虽然有学生因他头大身体小取笑他，但也有朋友“支持”他，这样使他能专心学习。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管身体有缺陷，但Ganesh Baraiya一直很有雄心。A. humrus幽默的；B. curius好奇的；C. creative有创造力的；D. ambitius有雄心的。根据上文中的“Despite his physical limitatins”可知，尽管他身体有缺陷，此空处与上文为转折关系，结合下文中的“He knew he wanted t be a dctr frm a very yung age”可知，他很小的时候就想成为一名医生，由此可知，他是很“有雄心的”符合语境。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，他申请了医学学士学位和外科学士学位（MBBS），但因患有侏儒症而被拒绝。A. denied拒绝；B. replaced取代；C. admitted承认；D. reserved预留。根据下文中的“because f his dwarfism (侏儒症).”以及“the Medical Cuncil f India rejected his applicatin”可知，印度医学委员会拒绝了他的申请，由此可知，此处指的是因患有侏儒症而被“拒绝”符合语境。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他的测试结果很好，但印度医学委员会拒绝了他的申请，因为他的身高（只有3英尺），声称他无法在紧急情况下履行职责。A. warning警告；B. claiming宣称；C. prving证明；D. hping希望。根据上文中的“the Medical Cuncil f India rejected his applicatin because f his height”可知，印度医学委员会拒绝了他的申请，结合下文中的“that he wuldn’t be able t perfrm his duties in emergency cases.”可知，说他不能在紧急情况下履行职责，所以此处给出的是拒绝他申请的理由，由此可知，此处应为“声称”符合语境。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学校校长的帮助下，他联系了地区行政长官，然后是州教育部长，甚至敲开了古吉拉特邦高等法院的门。A. threatened威胁；B. recmmended推荐；C. tracked跟踪；D. cntacted联系。根据上文中的“With the help f his schl principal”以及下文中的“then the state Educatin Minister, and ____12____ kncked n the drs f the Gujarat High Curt.”可知，他敲响了古吉拉特邦高等法院的门，此处指的是在校长的帮助之下，他为自己的梦想所作出的努力，所以此处应为“联系”了地区行政长官，符合语境。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在学校校长的帮助下，他联系了地区行政长官，然后是州教育部长，甚至敲开了古吉拉特邦高等法院的门。A. nly仅仅；B. still仍然；C. even甚至；D. als也。根据上文中的“the District Cllectr, then the state Educatin Minister,”以及下文中的“kncked n the drs f the Gujarat High Curt”可知，从地区行政长官、州教育部长到古吉拉特邦高等法院，一个级别比一个级别高，所以此处应为“甚至”表示表递进关系。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：他的努力全没有成功，但他拒绝放弃。A. Nne全没有；B. Any任何；C. Sme一些；D. Nthing没有什么。根据上文中的“he ____11____ the District Cllectr, then the state Educatin Minister, and ____12____ kncked n the drs f the Gujarat High Curt.”可知，他联系了地区行政长官，然后是州教育部长，甚至敲开了古吉拉特邦高等法院的门，结合下文中的“but he refused t give up.”可知，他却没有放弃，由此可推断，他所做出的努力“全没有”成功，符合语境。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他案子到了印度最高法院，正义终于得到了伸张。A. hardly几乎不；B. never从不；C. initially最初；D. finally最终。根据下文中的“In 2018, India’s tp curt f law awarded Ganesh the right t enrll in an MBBS, and he did just that the fllwing year.”可知，印度最高法院授予加内什注册医学学士的权利，由此可知，正义“最终”得到了伸张。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我正在实现我从小就怀有的梦想。A. acquired获取；B. cherished抱有，怀有；C. dminated支配；D. escaped逃跑。根据上文中的“He knew he wanted t be a dctr frm a very yung age”可知，他从小就想成为一名医生，由此可知，此处指的是他从小就“怀有”的梦想，符合语境。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Remains f an ancient battlefield ____36____ date back t the Suthern and Nrthern Dynasties (386-589) have been discvered at the Yecheng ruins in Nrth China’s Hebei Prvince, accrding t a reprt by the Xinhua News Agency.
____37____ (lcate) in the city f Handan, the site cntains tw intercnnected ancient city ruins. It was nce the capital f several ancient dynasties during the Suthern and Nrthern Dynasties. Many ancient military artifacts, including weapns an armr (盔甲), ____38____ (dig) ut during the excavatin (挖掘) f the frmer mat (护城河) utside the Zhuming Gate frm March t June 2023. It is these armr and weapns ____39____ have prvided vital physical evidence t enrich the ____40____ (field) f weapn archaelgy and irn research, said Shen Lihua, an assciate researcher at the Institute f Archaelgy, Chinese Academy f Scial Sciences (CASS), and the head f the archaelgical team — cnsisting ____41____ members frm the CASS and the Hebei prvincial institute.
Amng the ntable findings ____42____ (be) a bridge, marked by a brick-built, lad-bearing wall and evenly spaced pillar hles. Hwever, further archaelgical wrk is needed ____43____ (cnfirm) the specific shape f the bridge.
Accrding t Shen, the mat runs ____44____ (rugh) parallel t the city wall. At the central axis f the gate, the water channel f the mat is slightly narrwer, and the riverbank steeper, “This excavatin has prvided _____45_____ gd understanding f the layut and structure f the mat and bridge while prviding new materials fr researching ceremnies and warfare,” Shen nted.
【答案】36. which##that
37. Lcated
38. were dug
39. that 40. fields
41. f 42. is
43. t cnfirm
44. rughly
45. a
【解析】
【导语】本文本篇主要是关于中国河北省邺城遗址发现了南北朝时期的古战场遗迹的报道。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：据新华社报道，在中国北部河北省邺城遗址发现了南北朝(386-589)时期的古战场遗迹。空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an ancient battlefield，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which或that引导该从句。故填which/ that。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该遗址位于邯郸市，包含两个相互连接的古城遗址。“(lcate) in the city f Handan”作地点状语，lcate(找出……的准确位置)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the site之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Lcated。
【38题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2023年3月至6月，在朱明门外的前护城河挖掘过程中，挖掘出了许多古代军事器物，包括武器和盔甲。dig(挖掘)是句中谓语动词，与主语Many ancient military artifacts(许多古代军事器物)之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语frm March t June 2023，讲述过去的事情应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，复数形式。故填were dug。
【39题详解】
考查强调句。句意：中国社会科学院考古研究所副研究员沈丽华说，正是这些盔甲和武器提供了重要的物证，丰富了武器考古学和铁器研究领域。沈丽华是考古小组的组长，该小组由中国社会科学院和河北省考古研究所的成员组成。句中使用了强调句型，强调句结构为“It + is/was + 被强调部分 + that/wh + 句子其它部分”，在强调句中，当被强调部分是人时，可以使用wh代替that；本句中强调的是原句主语“these armr and weapns”，句子其它部分只能由that引出。故填that。
【40题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：中国社会科学院考古研究所副研究员沈丽华说，正是这些盔甲和武器提供了重要的物证，丰富了武器考古学和铁器研究领域。沈丽华是考古小组的组长，该小组由中国社会科学院和河北省考古研究所的成员组成。可数名词field作宾语，意为“领域”，结合其后定语f weapn archaelgy and irn research可知，指两个领域，用复数形式。故填fields。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国社会科学院考古研究所副研究员沈丽华说，正是这些盔甲和武器提供了重要的物证，丰富了武器考古学和铁器研究领域。沈丽华是考古小组的组长，该小组由中国社会科学院和河北省考古研究所的成员组成。cnsist f是固定短语，意为“由……组成”。故填f。
【42题详解】
考查倒装句和主谓一致。句意：其中值得注意的发现是一座桥，以砖砌的承重墙和均匀间隔的柱孔为标志。“Amng the ntable findings (be) a bridge”是倒装句，名词a bridge是主语，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语是单数名词，系动词用is。故填is。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，需要进一步的考古工作来确认桥梁的具体形状。“(cnfirm) the specific shape f the bridge”作目的状语，用不定式。故填t cnfirm。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：据沈说，护城河大致与城墙平行。提示词修饰动词runs，用副词rughly作状语，意为“大约”。故填rughly。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这次发掘为了解护城河和桥梁的布局和结构提供了很好的认识，同时也为研究仪式和战争提供了新的材料。an understanding f...是固定短语，意为“对……的理解”，有形容词gd修饰，且发音以辅音音素开头，用冠词a修饰。故填a。
第四部 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 目前，“脆皮学生”成为热门话题并在社会上引起了广泛的关注和讨论。“脆皮学生”因缺乏体育锻炼，体质差，易受伤，易生病。假定你是李华，请你以此用英文写一份倡议书，呼吁学生们积极进行体育锻炼，增强体质。
内容包括：
1. 倡议的目的；
2. 体育锻炼的意义；
3. 呼吁大家积极响应。
参考词汇：脆皮学生brittle students
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible answer:
With brittle students becming a heated tpic, in rder t strengthen their physical and mental health, I appeal t yu all t spend mre time n physical exercise.
The significance f physical exercise, as far as I am cncerned, cannt be verstated, as it lays the fundatin fr a lifetime f health and well-being. On the ne hand, regular physical activities can imprve bne density, build muscle, maintain a healthy weight, which cntributes t a strnger bdy. On the ther hand, physical exercise releases a kind f chemical, which can bst md and reduce stress and anxiety, leading t better mental health.
Hpe yu can actively act n my appeal, participating in physical exercise n a regular basis. Let’s take actin frm nw n.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一份倡议书，呼吁学生们积极进行体育锻炼，增强体质。
【详解】1.词汇积累
为了：in rder t→s as t
重要性：significance→imprtance
改善：imprve→better
释放：release→set…free
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Let’s take actin frm nw n.
拓展句：It’s high time that we shuld take actin frm nw n.
【点睛】【高分句型1】With brittle students becming a heated tpic, in rder t strengthen their physical and mental health, I appeal t yu all t spend mre time n physical exercise.（运用了with+宾语+宾语补足语，不定式作目的状语）
【高分句型2】On the ne hand, regular physical activities can imprve bne density, build muscle, maintain a healthy weight, which cntributes t a strnger bdy.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I have always been free and easy when it cmes t handing ut small change n the street, and a cuple f mnths ag I lend 200 t a man I had never met befre. Anyway, let me tell yu abut Brendan.
On my way back t Lndn, I sptted a man with a large backpack and his thumb ut t ask fr a free lift. I pulled ver and lwered the windw.
“Which way are yu heading?” I asked. “I’m ging back t Lndn.”
“Ah, that wuld be grand,” came his immediate reply. He pened the dr and put his backpack n the back seat, “I’m Brendan,” he said with a smile. “I’ve had my thumb ut fr a day and half. Nbdy seems t stp these days.”
As we headed cast alng the mtrway, Brendan tld me abut the tw recent family tragedies that had pushed him ut f his ld life and n t the rad. He tld me that he was 52. He laughed a lt and enjyed his ff-grid (离网) lifestyle until the week befre when he’d been mugged (抢劫). And nw he just wanted t get sme casual wrk in Lndn, s he culd then get himself hme t Ireland.
It must have been the ntin f hme that gt me and helping a man wh’d clearly had a tugh time seemed like the right thing t d. T my surprise I heard myself say: “Well, I’ll lend yu 200 t fly hme, Brendan.”
“Grand,” he replied excitedly. Then, after a pause, “and please dn’t wrry. I’ll definitely pay back the mney when I get hme.” He tk my phne number and address, saying he’d call as sn as he culd.
Eight weeks past, a call frm Brendan made me disappinted.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A mnth after I gt the call, t my surprise, a package was delivered t me.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible answer:
Eight weeks past, a call frm Brendan made me disappinted. Hardly had I heard his vice full f guilt when the thught that he wuldn’t pay back the mney struck me. Just as expected, he aplgized fr nt being able t return the mney, explaining that he had encuntered mre difficulties than expected and needed mre time. With a mixture f regret and anger verwhelming me, I blamed myself fr lending him mney, feeling that after Brendan was mugged, he then mugged me. I hung up withut any patience t listen t his excuses any lnger and prmised t myself nt t lend a stranger any mney.
A mnth after I gt the call, t my surprise, a package was delivered t me. Inside was a beautifully handwritten letter frm Brenda, expressing his gratitude fr my help and his aplgy fr nt repaying me n time. He als mentined that he fund a steady wrk and save enugh t return the mney. Alng with the letter was a check fr the full amunt f the lan, as well as a small gift t reward my act f kindness. I culdn’t help but feel a sense f shame fr misunderstanding Brendan. The package made me have faith in the gd side f human nature and I was determined t deliver kindness t peple in need in the future.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者几个月前在回伦敦的途中遇到了一个名叫Brendan的人，他向作者介绍了自己遭遇的各种不幸，作者对他报以同情，认为帮助一个明显经历艰难时期的人是正确的事情，作者主动借给了Brendan 200美元，Brendan也记下了作者的电话和地址，并承诺会尽快联系作者的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“八周前，Brendan的一个电话让我很失望。”可知，第一段可描写作者接到Brendan的电话中什么让作者失望，以及作者的感受。
②由第二段首句内容“在我接到电话一个月后，令我惊讶的是，我收到了一个包裹。”可知，第二段可描写作者在包裹里看到了什么以及作者对这件事情的感受。
2.续写线索：接到电话——失望——收到包裹——回报作者——误解——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①偿还：pay back/repay/return
②挂断：hung up/ring ff
③承诺：prmise/ pledge
情绪类
①感激： gratitude/appreciatin/be grateful
②愤怒：anger/annyance
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Hardly had I heard his vice full f guilt when the thught that he wuldn’t pay back the mney struck me.（运用了部分倒装句和that引导的同位语从句）
[高分句型2]. Just as expected, he aplgized fr nt being able t return the mney, explaining that he had encuntered mre difficulties than expected and needed mre time.（运用了as引导的状语从句的省略和现在分词短语作状语）
[高分句型3]. With a mixture f regret and anger verwhelming me, I blamed myself fr lending him mney, feeling that after Brendan was mugged, he then mugged me. （运用了with复合结构和现在分词短语作状语）
1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A
11. C 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. C
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. Why des the wman need help?
A. She finds the directins difficult.
B. She has never baked befre.
C. She desn’t have a recipe.
2. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In a library. B. In a bkstre. C. In a classrm.
3. What des the man want t d?
A. Admire the scenery. B. Cntinue walking. C. Have a rest.
4. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. The wman’s indecisin abut ging abrad.
B. The advantage f hmestay accmmdatin.
C. The wman’s fear f traveling.
5. What d we knw abut the wman?
A. She is mre sensitive t ht weather than the man.
B. She wants t buy an air cnditiner.
C. She cled herself dwn by a fan.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题
6. What is the wman planning t d next year?
A. Rw a race. B. Cmpete in a marathn. C. Imprve her health.
7. What fd des the wman value mst at present?
A. Meat. B. Rice. C. Vegetables.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers rganizing?
A. A crprate dinner. B. A wedding celebratin. C. A birthday party.
9. When will the event take place?
A. On July 10th. B. On August 10th. C. On September 10th.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Where did the wman knw abut the advertisement?
A. On the Internet. B. Frm a newspaper. C. Frm her friend.
11. Why will the man sell the dining table?
A. He has bught a smaller ne.
B. He desn’t like it anymre.
C. He will mve huse.
12. What will the wman prbably d this afternn?
A. Talk with her friend. B. Check n the dining table. C. Tidy up her rm.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the man ding?
A. Painting a picture. B. Admiring a masterpiece. C. Having his meal.
14. What des the wman think f the fd at the canteen?
A. Disappinting. B. Acceptable. C. Satisfactry.
15. What dishes des the wman like best?
A. Ht dgs and grund beef. B. Rice and fish. C. Bread and fish.
16. What des the wman suggest ding fr the talent shw?
A. Singing a sng. B. Bringing sme fd. C. Creating a backdrp.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17 What is the speaker?
A. A teacher. B. A manager. C. A film-maker.
18. Hw did the speaker feel after his first prject?
A. Jyful. B. Prud. C. Nervus.
19. When d the curses end?
A. In July. B. In August. C. In September.
20. What des Pw Pictures ffer thrughut the year?
A. Graphic design curses.
B. Language learning prgrams.
C. Jb pprtunities.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There’s nthing s annying as a brken bike. If there’s smething wrng with yur bicycle, stp using it and have it checked and fixed by MacBike’s expert mechanics (机修工).
FIXED WITHIN ONE DAY
Mst f ur repairs are dne by ur bike mechanics within ne day, s if yu bring yur bike in the mrning yu can pick it up at the end f the day.
FREE LOAN BIKE
If repairs are 35 Eurs r mre, yu will find free replacement transprt ready and waiting fr yu. This lan bike will have yu back n the rad within 10 minutes!
BOVAG CERTIFIED
We are a BOVAG-certified bike repair shp. We fllw specialized wrkshps annually s we can deliver high-quality services t ur custmers. We handle BOVAG guarantee and BOVAG terms f delivery.
Where
MacBike has three shps fr bicycle sales and repair shps in the city centre f Amsterdam: 38th Avenue, 30th Avenue, 45th Avenue.
Business Hurs
Mnday-Saturday frm 09:00-18:00
Clsed n
25 & 26 December.
1 January
27 April
Telephne Number
0031 (0)20 428 14 40
Getting There
Bus 9, 14
Subway 51, 53, 54
1. Hw lng will it take fr a MacBike’s wrker t fix a brken bike?
A. A day.B. A week.C. A mrning.D. An afternn.
2. What can be inferred abut BOVAG frm the text?
A. It is lcated in Amsterdam.B. It has the public recgnitin.
C. It ffers prfessinals t the shp.D. It has three shps in the city center.
3. Hw culd a visitr pay a visit t the MacBike’s repair shp?
A. By taking Bus 53.B. By taking Subway 51.
C. By riding a lan bike.D. By ging there n Christmas.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是自行车销售和维修店MacBike的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据FIXED WITHIN ONE DAY部分的“Mst f ur repairs are dne by ur bike mechanics within ne day, s if yu bring yur bike in the mrning yu can pick it up at the end f the day.(我们的大部分维修都是在一天内由我们的自行车修理工完成的，所以如果你早上把你的自行车带来，你可以在一天结束的时候来取。)”可知，MacBike的工人修理一辆坏了的自行车需要一天。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据BOVAG CERTIFIED部分的“We are a BOVAG-certified bike repair shp.(我们是BOVAG认证的自行车维修店。)”可知，BOVAG是公众认可的，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Getting There部分的“Subway 51, 53, 54(地铁51，53，54)”可知，游客可以乘51号地铁去MacBike的维修店，故选B。
B
When 12-year-ld Erica Fernandez vlunteered t help clean up the beach in her new hmetwn, Oxnard, Califrnia, she culd barely speak English. She was just a kid helping 20 adults take care f the beach. She and her family had recently arrived in Califrnia frm a small twn in Mexic.
Erica started ging dr t dr in her mainly Spanish-speaking farmwrker cmmunity. “I always lved the cean,” she says, “s it made me really sad t see this beautiful beach full f trash. That’s why I decided t help.”
Erica cared t much t stay silent. Having grwn up in a tiny twn in the Mexican state f Michacán, she had a strng mtivatin t care fr nature. “We grew ur wn fd and raised ur wn animals. Taking care f nature was part f survival.” She wanted t bring that same spirit t her new life in Califrnia.
As her English imprved, she talked t kids in her high schl abut what was ging n. “I didn’t knw if they wuld listen t me. My English wasn’t gd and I was nly sixteen,” she says. As she nervusly apprached the micrphne, she was infrmed that time was running ut. One minute and thirty secnds was all she had. “I culdn’t give my prepared speech, s I just spke frm my heart.”
The result was electrifying. When Erica was finished, peple std up and brke int applause. One f the teachers said, “I’m very mved by yur wrds, Erica. When I was yur age, I was playing vide games.”
Only the secnd persn in her family t g t cllege, Erica wants t becme an envirnmental lawyer s she can fight fr the envirnment and fr the rights f cmmunities. She wants ther yung peple t speak ut when they see smething wrng, even if they feel shy abut it at first. “We are the future. The future is urs.”
4. Why did the authr mentin Erica’s wrds in Paragraph 2?
A. T shw gratitude t her actin.B. T advcate learning frm her.
C. T clarify the reasn fr her help.D. T think highly f her devtin.
5. Accrding t the passage, what can we learn abut Erica?
A. She was the nly cllege student in her family.
B. She vlunteered t clean up the garbage n Spanish beaches.
C. She spent her childhd in a small twn in Mexic.
D. She culdn’t speak either English r Spanish in Califrnia.
6. What d we knw abut Erica’s speech?
A. The device disturbed her perfrmance.
B. The audience was greatly encuraged.
C. It affected peple’s attitude t playing games.
D. Erica expressed her inner thughts fluently.
7. Frm which is this text mst prbably taken?
A. A gegraphy textbk.B. A health reprt.
C. A scientific website.D. An envirnmental magazine.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是主人公Erica Fernandez志愿清理海滩垃圾的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中““I always lved the cean,” she says, “s it made me really sad t see this beautiful beach full f trash. That’s why I decided t help.”(“我一直很喜欢海洋，”她说，“所以看到这个美丽的海滩上到处都是垃圾，我真的很难过。这就是我决定帮忙的原因。”)”可知，Erica看到美丽的海滩到处都是垃圾，她感到很难过，所以决定帮忙清理海滩，由此可知，她的话告知了自己行为的原因。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Having grwn up in a tiny twn in the Mexican state f Michacán, she had a strng mtivatin t care fr nature.(她在墨西哥Michacán州的一个小镇长大，有强烈的动机去关心自然。)”可知，她在墨西哥的一个小镇长大。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The result was electrifying.(结果令人振奋。)”以及“When Erica was finished, peple std up and brke int applause.(当Erica讲完时，人们站起来，爆发出热烈的掌声。)”可知，演讲令人振奋，且演讲结束后，人们站起来鼓掌，由此可知，此次演讲很成功，人们受到鼓舞并起立鼓掌。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段中的“When 12-year-ld Erica Fernandez vlunteered t help clean up the beach in her new hmetwn, Oxnard, Califrnia, she culd barely speak English.(当12岁的Erica Fernandez在她的新家乡加州奥克斯纳德志愿帮助清理海滩时，她几乎不会说英语。)”以及下文中的介绍的她为了清理海滩所作出的努力可知，本文主要讲述的是主人公志愿清理海滩垃圾的故事，属于环境保护类话题，由此可知推断，本文有可能会出自环境杂志。故选D项。
C
Scial events are understandably taxing n yur mind and bdy. But yu’ve prbably heard that extrverts gain vivacity frm being arund ther peple, while intrverts get their energy frm being alne. Des this mean that extrverts dn’t get tired f scializing?
We all fall smewhere n a scale between intrversin and extrversin — nbdy is nly ne r the ther. The impact f yur persnality preference n yur in-the-mment behaviur varies depending n the situatin.
In studies that have tested levels f extrversin, results indicate that there’s a cnnectin between a mre intrverted persnality and fatigue (疲劳). It’s nt simply the case that extrverts never tire f scial interactin, thugh. It’s just that the upper limit will vary frm persn t persn.
Research int the fatiguing effects f scial interactins has identified sme cmmn factrs amng thse cnsidered mst tiring. Cnversatins that were lng, difficult r intense, felt mre tiring. If a persn was trying hard t make a gd impressin r meeting lts f new peple, they were mre likely t feel exhausted afterward. Cnflict and cmplaint als tk mre energy.
This means that it may be pssible t reduce the tiring effect f scializing by actively seeking encunters that make yu feel at ease, that dn’t invlve t many new peple r that allw fr breaks during lng cnversatins.
It’s thught that the emtins yu experience during scial events can als have an effect n yur feelings f fatigue. If yu have t spend a lng time suppressing (抑制) yur true feelings, r shwing a certain emtin that’s at dds with what yu really feel, yu culd be mre prne t (倾向于) emtinal exhaustin.
Fr example, “service with a smile” jbs culd make servers mre tired, and care wrkers wh are unable t shw their sadness r fear fr their patients may find themselves emtinally exhausted utside f wrk. T get rid f this, it’s suggested that yu make time t express yur negative feelings and accept and acknwledge that they’re reasnable, reducing the emtinal disharmny wherever pssible.
8. What des the underlined wrd “vivacity” mean in Paragraph 1?
A. Harm.B. Energy.C. HumrD. Inspiratin.
9. What is the main idea f Paragraph 4?
A. The cnsequence f tiredness.
B. The way f getting rid f tiredness.
C. The reasn why scializing causes tiredness.
D. The imprtance f keeping away frm tiredness.
10. What is an effective way t avid fatigue when scializing?
A. Sleep after scializing.
B. Have a rest after talking much.
C. Invlve yurself in an activity with mre peple.
D. Making mre friends puts yu at ease.
11. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. It is better t develp mre ptimistic character.
B. Peple taking a jb that requires a smile can feel happier.
C. It is better t accept and acknwledge valid psitive feelings.
D. Care wrkers had better shw negative feelings fr their well-being.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了外向型人和内向型人在社交活动中疲劳感的差异，并指出性格类型并非决定性因素，而是受具体情况和个人经历影响。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“But yu’ve prbably heard that extrverts gain vivacity frm being arund ther peple, while intrverts get their energy frm being alne.(但你可能听说过，外向的人从周围的人那里获得vivacity，而内向的人从独处中获得能量)”中连词while(而，然而)可知，句中将外向的人和内向的人进行对比，对比了他们获得vivacity和energy的不同途径，两个词语意一致，都是“活力”的意思。故选B项。
9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Research int the fatiguing effects f scial interactins has identified sme cmmn factrs amng thse cnsidered mst tiring. Cnversatins that were lng, difficult r intense, felt mre tiring. If a persn was trying hard t make a gd impressin r meeting lts f new peple, they were mre likely t feel exhausted afterward. Cnflict and cmplaint als tk mre energy.(对社交互动的疲劳效应的研究已经确定了一些常见的因素，这些因素被认为是最累的。长时间、困难或激烈的谈话会让人感觉更累。如果一个人努力想给人留下好印象，或者想见很多新朋友，那么之后他们更有可能感到筋疲力尽。冲突和抱怨也消耗了更多的精力)”可知，第四段主要介绍了社交导致疲劳的各种原因。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“This means that it may be pssible t reduce the tiring effect f scializing by actively seeking encunters that make yu feel at ease, that dn’t invlve t many new peple r that allw fr breaks during lng cnversatins.(这意味着积极地寻找让你感觉轻松的交往，不涉及太多的新朋友，或者在长时间的交谈中允许休息，可能会减少社交的疲劳效应)”可知，在社交中，说了很多话后休息一下可以避免疲劳。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中““service with a smile” jbs culd make servers mre tired, and care wrkers wh are unable t shw their sadness r fear fr their patients may find themselves emtinally exhausted utside f wrk. T get rid f this, it’s suggested that yu make time t express yur negative feelings and accept and acknwledge that they’re reasnable(“微笑服务”的工作可能会让服务员更加疲惫，而那些无法向病人表达悲伤或恐惧的护理人员可能会发现自己在工作之余情绪疲惫。为了摆脱这种情况，建议你花时间表达你的负面情绪，接受并承认它们是合理的)”可知，作者认为护理人员需要表现出负面情绪，这样有利于他们的健康。故选D项。
D
Psychlgists Edward Deci and Richard Ryan tried t find the cre f living well. Their research in self-determinatin thery cnducted ver the curse f fur decades with a netwrk f 500 participants in 39 cuntries, has fund that the experience f happiness is affected by the satisfactin f basic psychlgical needs t feel cmpetent, self-determining, and psitively related t ther peple in the activities f ne’s life. These are universal needs, bserved acrss all stages f life and in every culture in which studies have been cnducted, and they help explain the truth in the ancient ideal f happiness, r human flurishing (繁荣).
Accrding t this ideal, living well invlves fulfilling ne’s human ptential in ways that are admirable, sustainable (可持续的), and persnally satisfying. Ryan and Deci identifies three brad frms f ptential: scial, intellectual, and prductive/creative. In ther wrds, the frms are psychlgically linked t the satisfactin f human beings’ universal basic needs fr psitive relatedness, self-determinatin, and cmpetence. Fulfilling all three frms f ptential is the key t happiness, and shaping ur lives and institutins accrdingly wuld be much mre matched with sustainability than pursuing wealth withut limit.
A related finding, which is very imprtant fr the pursuit f sustainability, is that escape frm pverty is imprtant t happiness but the pursuit f wealth, status (地位), and image as life gals is less beneficial t happiness than the pursuit f life gals that directly fulfill ur basic frms f ptential and satisfy ur related psychlgical needs. Scieties that have prmted the accumulatin f wealth withut limit have nt raised their general level f happiness by ding s. It shuld be evident t any bserver f life in the U.S. that as wealth and inequality have grwn, mst Americans have becme mre painfully fcused n ccupatinal insecurity and n status cmpetitin that has simply becme mre expensive and less sustainable.
As a cnsequence, we culd be happier bth nw and in the future if we culd vercme the blind faith in wealth accumulatin that shaped the scially, plitically and envirnmentally unstable wrld with which we must nw deal.
12. What did Deci and Ryan find in their research?
A. Happiness is nly determined by neself.
B. 500 peple feel cmpetent in their lives.
C. Peple shuld spend 4 decades t meet the basic needs.
D. Every culture has the similar understanding f happiness.
13. Hw can we live well accrding t the research?
A. By achieving ur ptential.B. By shaping ur lives and institutins.
C. By pursuing wealth withut any limit.D. By identifying three frms f ptential.
14 Why did the authr mentin America in the third paragraph?
A. T shw the imprtance f wealth.
B. T present the necessity f escape frm pverty.
C. T intrduce the new finding f the pursuit f life gals.
D. T prve the wrng cncept between mney and happiness.
15. What is the authr’s attitude t the wrld nwadays?
A. Cnfident.B. Supprtive.C. Disappinted.D. Uncncerned.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了自我决定理论对于幸福和可持续性的理解，并强调了追求基本心理需求的满足和多种形式的潜力实现对于幸福的重要性。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Their research in self-determinatin thery cnducted ver the curse f fur decades with a netwrk f 500 participants in 39 cuntries, has fund that the experience f happiness is affected by the satisfactin f basic psychlgical needs t feel cmpetent, self-determining, and psitively related t ther peple in the activities f ne’s life. These are universal needs, bserved acrss all stages f life and in every culture in which studies have been cnducted, and they help explain the truth in the ancient ideal f happiness, r human flurishing (繁荣).(他们对自我决定理论进行了长达40年的研究，研究对象是来自39个国家的500名参与者。他们发现，幸福的体验受到基本心理需求的满足的影响，这些心理需求是指在生活活动中感到自己有能力、自我决定，并与他人积极联系。这些都是普遍的需求，在生命的各个阶段和进行研究的每种文化中都能观察到，它们有助于解释古代幸福或人类繁荣理想的真相。)”可知，Deci和Ryan在他们的研究中发现了每种文化对幸福都有相似的理解。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Accrding t this ideal, living well invlves fulfilling ne’s human ptential in ways that are admirable, sustainable (可持续的), and persnally satisfying.(根据这一理想，生活得好包括以令人钦佩的、可持续的和个人满意的方式实现一个人的潜能。)”可知，通过发挥我们的潜力我们才能生活得更好。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Scieties that have prmted the accumulatin f wealth withut limit have nt raised their general level f happiness by ding s. It shuld be evident t any bserver f life in the U.S. that as wealth and inequality have grwn, mst Americans have becme mre painfully fcused n ccupatinal insecurity and n status cmpetitin that has simply becme mre expensive and less sustainable.(那些无限制地促进财富积累的社会，并没有因此提高他们的总体幸福水平。任何观察美国生活的人都应该很清楚，随着财富和不平等的加剧，大多数美国人更加痛苦地关注职业不安全感和地位竞争，这种竞争变得更加昂贵，更不可持续。)”可知，作者在第三段提到了美国是为了证明金钱和幸福之间的错误概念。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“As a cnsequence, we culd be happier bth nw and in the future if we culd vercme the blind faith in wealth accumulatin that shaped the scially, plitically and envirnmentally unstable wrld with which we must nw deal.(因此，如果我们能够克服对财富积累的盲目信仰，我们现在和将来都会更幸福。正是这种盲目信仰造就了我们现在必须面对的社会、政治和环境不稳定的世界。)”可知，作者对当今世界的态度是失望的。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两处为多余选项。
As glbal warming heats up, humans will suffer frm rising temperatures. ____16____.
In recent years, scientists have fund links between human-caused climate change and heat stress. This can lwer milk prductin. The researchers studied 48 Hlstein cws. ____17____ Over the curse f tw weeks, half f the cws were expsed t apprximately 98-degree heat. The ther half were hused in neutral cnditins (中性条件). All f the cws were milked twice a day. The researchers tracked everything frm their vital signs t their weight, feed intake and milk yields. ____18____ The research was published in the Jurnal f Dairy Science.
____19____ The heat-stressed cws had higher insulin (胰岛素) levels. They ate and drank less, t. The researchers als analyzed bld samples frm the cws. The heat-stressed cws develped leaky gut (肠子) within just three days. The cnditin ccurs when bacteria and ther material “leak’s” trugh weakened parts f the intestinal wall (肠壁). This can cause inflammatin in cws.
____20____ When they fed them a special mix f rganic acids and pure btanicals, their guts became less permeable. The cws ate mre. Thy prduced mre milk. That dietary slutin culd help prevent sme f the billins f dllars in cmic lsses related t heat stressed cws. The research culd eventually lead t changes in feed frmulatins.
A. But the researchers als fund a way t help cws deal with heat.
B. As predicted, the warm cws’ milk prductin declined.
C. But hw will climate change affect cws?
D. When expsed t heat, the cws ate less and drank less.
E. Heat stress can als lead t diseases and ther issues in dairy cws.
F. They hused them in temperature-cntrlled stalls.
G. Hwever, there are many measures we can take t deal with the prblem.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. B 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了气候变化对奶牛的奶产量所产生的影响，气温越高，牛奶产量越低。
【16题详解】
根据空前的“As glbal warming heats up, humans will suffer frm rising temperatures.(随着全球变暖的加剧，人类将受到气温升高的影响)”可知，全球变暖导致人类受到影响，根据下文中的“In recent years, scientists have fund links between human-caused climate change and heat stress. This can lwer milk prductin.(近年来，科学家们发现了人类引起的气候变化和热应激之间的联系。这会降低产奶量。)”可知，温度升高会降低奶牛的奶产量，由此可知，此空应引出下文中谈论气温上升对奶牛有影响，C选项“But hw will climate change affect cws?(但是气候变化将如何影响奶牛呢？)”呼应空前的内容且引出下文话题，符合语境。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据空前的“The researchers studied 48 Hlstein cws.(研究人员研究了48头荷斯坦奶牛。)”以及空后的“Over the curse f tw weeks, half f the cws were expsed t apprximately 98-degree heat. The ther half were hused in neutral cnditins (中性条件). All f the cws were milked twice a day.(在两周的时间里，一半的奶牛暴露在大约98度的高温下。另一半则被安置在中性条件中。所有的奶牛一天挤两次奶。)”可知，本段描述了研究的过程和方法，F选项“They hused them in temperature-cntrlled stalls.(研究人员们把奶牛安置在控制温度的牛棚里。)”仍然在谈论研究方法，符合语境。故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据空前“Over the curse f tw weeks, half f the cws were expsed t apprximately 98-degree heat. The ther half were hused in neutral cnditins (中性条件). All f the cws were milked twice a day. The researchers tracked everything frm their vital signs t their weight, feed intake and milk yields.(在两周的时间里，一半的奶牛暴露在大约98度的高温下。另一半则被安置在中性环境中。所有的奶牛一天挤两次奶。研究人员追踪了从它们的生命体征到体重、采食量和产奶量的一切。)”可知，此处描述了研究的过程和方法，结合空后的“The research was published in the Jurnal f Dairy Science.(这项研究发表在《乳品科学杂志》上。)”可知，该项研究发表在相应的杂志上，由此可推断，此空讲述的应与研究发现相关，B选项“As predicted, the warm cws’ milk prductin declined.(正如预测的那样，温暖条件下的奶牛的产奶量下降了。)”讲述的是研究的结果，符合语境。故选B项。
【19题详解】
分析语篇可知，此空为本段的主题句，根据空后的“The heat-stressed cws had higher insulin (胰岛素) levels. They ate and drank less, t. The researchers als analyzed bld samples frm the cws. The heat-stressed cws develped leaky gut (肠子) within just three days.(热应激奶牛的胰岛素水平更高。它们也少吃少喝。研究人员还分析了奶牛的血液样本。热应激的奶牛在短短三天内就出现了肠漏。)”可知，研究表明热应激会导致牛的胰岛素更高，而且奶牛在三天内还会出现肠漏，由此可知，本段主要讲述的是热应激导致的一些问题。E选项“Heat stress can als lead t diseases and ther issues in dairy cws.(热应激也会导致奶牛的疾病和其他问题。)”概括了本段讲述的内容，为本段落的总起句，符合语境。故选E项。
【20题详解】
分析语篇可知，此空为本段的主题句，根据空后的“When they fed them a special mix f rganic acids and pure btanicals, their guts became less permeable.(当研究人员给他们喂食有机酸和纯植物的特殊混合物时，他们的肠道变得不那么容易渗透。)”可知，给奶牛喂食有机酸和纯植物的特殊混合物时，牛的肠道就不容易渗透，由此可知，本段讲述的事研究人员找到了一种帮助奶牛处理热量的方法，A选项“But the researchers als fund a way t help cws deal with heat.(但研究人员也发现了一种帮助奶牛应对高温的方法。)”讲述的内容与上文为转折关系，且概括了本段要讲述的内容，符合语境。故选A项。
第三部分 语言知识应用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
23-year-ld Ganesh Baraiya is living prf that nthing is impssible. Despite facing ____21____ because f his shrt stature, he managed t becme the wrld’s shrtest dctr.
Ganesh Baraiya was brn in the Talaia Thaluka area f Gujarat, India, and faced adversity (逆境) frm a very yung age. He was brn nrmal. ____22____, at the age f fur, his parents nticed that his head was ____23____ his bdy, s they tk him t a dctr. They learned that the by suffered frm an ____24____ cnditin and there was nthing anyne culd d. Wanting t help her sn, Ganesh’s mther put a tub-like helmet n his head t prevent it frm grwing and give his bdy a chance t ____25____. In schl, he was ften ____26____ because f his large head and shrt stature, but he als had friends wh ____27____ him and he was able t fcus n his studies.
Despite his physical limitatins, Ganesh Baraya was always very ____28____. He knew he wanted t be a dctr frm a very yung age, and put all his energy int his studies, wrking hard t get high grades. When the time came, he applied fr a Bachelr f Medicine and Bachelr f Surgery degree (MBBS), nly t be ____29____ because f his dwarfism (侏儒症). Despite his gd test results, the Medical Cuncil f India rejected his applicatin because f his height (nly three feet), _____30_____ that he wuldn’t be able t perfrm his duties in emergency cases.
Ganesh was shcked by the rejectin, but he wasn’t abut t give up n his dream. With the help f his schl principal, he _____31_____ the District Cllectr, then the state Educatin Minister, and _____32_____ kncked n the drs f the Gujarat High Curt. _____33_____ f his effrts were successful, but he refused t give up. His case reached India’s Supreme Curt, and justice was _____34_____ dne. In 2018, India’s tp curt f law awarded Ganesh the right t enrll in an MBBS, and he did just that the fllwing year.
“I was very disappinted three years ag, but I refused t accept their refusal. Nw I am very happy that I gt justice frm the Supreme Curt,” Ganesh said. “Nw I am n the way t fulfill the dream I’ve _____35_____ since childhd. I knw I’m different, but I want t live a gd life like ther peple and make my parents prud.”
21. A. disappintmentB. embarrassmentC. discriminatinD. distinctin
22. A. HweverB. ButC. InsteadD. Thus
23. A. matchingB. utgrwingC. verflwingD. verding
24. A. unbearableB. inefficientC. unavidableD. incurable
25. A. catch upB. take upC. make upD. put up
26. A. encuragedB. recgnizedC. teasedD. cmplained
27. A. turned tB. std byC. cunted nD. referred t
28. A. humrusB. curiusC. creativeD. ambitius
29. A. deniedB. replacedC. admittedD. reserved
30. A. warningB. claimingC. prvingD. hping
31. A. threatenedB. recmmendedC. trackedD. cntacted
32. A. nlyB. stillC. evenD. als
33. A. NneB. AnyC. SmeD. Nthing
34. A. hardlyB. neverC. initiallyD. finally
35. A. acquiredB. cherishedC. dminatedD. escaped
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了印度医生Ganesh Baraiya并没有因为自己身材矮小，受到歧视而放弃自己的梦想，相反一直努力，让自己更优秀的同时不忘争取自己的合法权利，最终成为一名优秀的医生。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管因为身材矮小而受到歧视，他还是成为了世界上最矮的医生。A. disappintment失望；B. embarrassment尴尬；C. discriminatin歧视；D. distinctin区别。根据下文中的“because f his shrt stature”可知，Ganesh Baraiya身材矮小，由此可推断，此处指的是因此而受到“歧视”符合语境。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在他四岁的时候，他的父母注意到他的头比他的身体长，所以他们带他去看医生。A. Hwever然而；B. But但是；C. Instead代替，反而；D. Thus因此。根据上文中的“He was brn nrmal.”可知，他生下来是正常的，结合下文中的“at the age f fur, his parents nticed that his head was ____3____ his bdy, s they tk him t a dctr.”可知，在他4岁的时候，由于身体的一些一样带父母带他去看医生，上下文之间为转折关系，空后有“逗号”，所以使用hwever。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在他四岁的时候，他的父母注意到他的头比他的身体长得大，所以他们带他去看医生。A. matching匹配；B. utgrwing比……长的大；C. verflwing溢出；D. verding做的过分。根据下文中的“because f his large head and shrt stature”可知，他有个大头和短小的身体，由此可推断，此处指的是他的头“比身体”长得大。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们了解到这个男孩患有不治之症，任何人都无能为力。A. unbearable难以忍受的；B. inefficient效率低的；C. unavidable不可避免的；D. incurable不能治愈的。根据下文中的“and there was nthing anyne culd d.”可知，没有任何医生可做任何事情，由此可知，这个男孩患上“不能治愈的”疾病，符合语境。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：为了帮助儿子，Ganesh的母亲给他戴上了一个像浴缸一样的头盔，以防止他的头长大，并给他的身体一个赶上的机会。A. catch up赶上；B. take up从事；C. make up构成；D. put up张贴，举起。根据上文中的“his parents nticed that his head was ____3____ his bdy”可知，家长发现他的头比身体长的要大，结合“Ganesh’s mther put a tub-like helmet n his head t prevent it frm grwing and give his bdy a chance”可知，由于头比身体长得大，所以他的妈妈给他的头上戴上一个头盔，防止他的头长大，这样可以给身体一个“赶上”的机会。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学校里，他经常因为个头大身材矮而被嘲笑，但他也有朋友支持他，他能够专注于学习。A. encuraged鼓励；B. recgnized识别；C. teased嘲笑；D. cmplained抱怨。根据下文中的“because f his large head and shrt stature”可知，由于他长得头大身体小，所以学生们“取笑”他，符合语境。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在学校里，他经常因为个头大身材矮而被嘲笑，但他也有朋友支持他，他能够专注于学习。A. turned t求助；B. std by支持；C. cunted n指望；D. referred t参考。根据上文中的but以及下文中的“and he was able t fcus n his studies.”可知，虽然有学生因他头大身体小取笑他，但也有朋友“支持”他，这样使他能专心学习。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管身体有缺陷，但Ganesh Baraiya一直很有雄心。A. humrus幽默的；B. curius好奇的；C. creative有创造力的；D. ambitius有雄心的。根据上文中的“Despite his physical limitatins”可知，尽管他身体有缺陷，此空处与上文为转折关系，结合下文中的“He knew he wanted t be a dctr frm a very yung age”可知，他很小的时候就想成为一名医生，由此可知，他是很“有雄心的”符合语境。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，他申请了医学学士学位和外科学士学位（MBBS），但因患有侏儒症而被拒绝。A. denied拒绝；B. replaced取代；C. admitted承认；D. reserved预留。根据下文中的“because f his dwarfism (侏儒症).”以及“the Medical Cuncil f India rejected his applicatin”可知，印度医学委员会拒绝了他的申请，由此可知，此处指的是因患有侏儒症而被“拒绝”符合语境。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他的测试结果很好，但印度医学委员会拒绝了他的申请，因为他的身高（只有3英尺），声称他无法在紧急情况下履行职责。A. warning警告；B. claiming宣称；C. prving证明；D. hping希望。根据上文中的“the Medical Cuncil f India rejected his applicatin because f his height”可知，印度医学委员会拒绝了他的申请，结合下文中的“that he wuldn’t be able t perfrm his duties in emergency cases.”可知，说他不能在紧急情况下履行职责，所以此处给出的是拒绝他申请的理由，由此可知，此处应为“声称”符合语境。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学校校长的帮助下，他联系了地区行政长官，然后是州教育部长，甚至敲开了古吉拉特邦高等法院的门。A. threatened威胁；B. recmmended推荐；C. tracked跟踪；D. cntacted联系。根据上文中的“With the help f his schl principal”以及下文中的“then the state Educatin Minister, and ____12____ kncked n the drs f the Gujarat High Curt.”可知，他敲响了古吉拉特邦高等法院的门，此处指的是在校长的帮助之下，他为自己的梦想所作出的努力，所以此处应为“联系”了地区行政长官，符合语境。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在学校校长的帮助下，他联系了地区行政长官，然后是州教育部长，甚至敲开了古吉拉特邦高等法院的门。A. nly仅仅；B. still仍然；C. even甚至；D. als也。根据上文中的“the District Cllectr, then the state Educatin Minister,”以及下文中的“kncked n the drs f the Gujarat High Curt”可知，从地区行政长官、州教育部长到古吉拉特邦高等法院，一个级别比一个级别高，所以此处应为“甚至”表示表递进关系。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：他的努力全没有成功，但他拒绝放弃。A. Nne全没有；B. Any任何；C. Sme一些；D. Nthing没有什么。根据上文中的“he ____11____ the District Cllectr, then the state Educatin Minister, and ____12____ kncked n the drs f the Gujarat High Curt.”可知，他联系了地区行政长官，然后是州教育部长，甚至敲开了古吉拉特邦高等法院的门，结合下文中的“but he refused t give up.”可知，他却没有放弃，由此可推断，他所做出的努力“全没有”成功，符合语境。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他案子到了印度最高法院，正义终于得到了伸张。A. hardly几乎不；B. never从不；C. initially最初；D. finally最终。根据下文中的“In 2018, India’s tp curt f law awarded Ganesh the right t enrll in an MBBS, and he did just that the fllwing year.”可知，印度最高法院授予加内什注册医学学士的权利，由此可知，正义“最终”得到了伸张。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我正在实现我从小就怀有的梦想。A. acquired获取；B. cherished抱有，怀有；C. dminated支配；D. escaped逃跑。根据上文中的“He knew he wanted t be a dctr frm a very yung age”可知，他从小就想成为一名医生，由此可知，此处指的是他从小就“怀有”的梦想，符合语境。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Remains f an ancient battlefield ____36____ date back t the Suthern and Nrthern Dynasties (386-589) have been discvered at the Yecheng ruins in Nrth China’s Hebei Prvince, accrding t a reprt by the Xinhua News Agency.
____37____ (lcate) in the city f Handan, the site cntains tw intercnnected ancient city ruins. It was nce the capital f several ancient dynasties during the Suthern and Nrthern Dynasties. Many ancient military artifacts, including weapns an armr (盔甲), ____38____ (dig) ut during the excavatin (挖掘) f the frmer mat (护城河) utside the Zhuming Gate frm March t June 2023. It is these armr and weapns ____39____ have prvided vital physical evidence t enrich the ____40____ (field) f weapn archaelgy and irn research, said Shen Lihua, an assciate researcher at the Institute f Archaelgy, Chinese Academy f Scial Sciences (CASS), and the head f the archaelgical team — cnsisting ____41____ members frm the CASS and the Hebei prvincial institute.
Amng the ntable findings ____42____ (be) a bridge, marked by a brick-built, lad-bearing wall and evenly spaced pillar hles. Hwever, further archaelgical wrk is needed ____43____ (cnfirm) the specific shape f the bridge.
Accrding t Shen, the mat runs ____44____ (rugh) parallel t the city wall. At the central axis f the gate, the water channel f the mat is slightly narrwer, and the riverbank steeper, “This excavatin has prvided _____45_____ gd understanding f the layut and structure f the mat and bridge while prviding new materials fr researching ceremnies and warfare,” Shen nted.
【答案】36. which##that
37. Lcated
38. were dug
39. that 40. fields
41. f 42. is
43. t cnfirm
44. rughly
45. a
【解析】
【导语】本文本篇主要是关于中国河北省邺城遗址发现了南北朝时期的古战场遗迹的报道。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：据新华社报道，在中国北部河北省邺城遗址发现了南北朝(386-589)时期的古战场遗迹。空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an ancient battlefield，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which或that引导该从句。故填which/ that。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该遗址位于邯郸市，包含两个相互连接的古城遗址。“(lcate) in the city f Handan”作地点状语，lcate(找出……的准确位置)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the site之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Lcated。
【38题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2023年3月至6月，在朱明门外的前护城河挖掘过程中，挖掘出了许多古代军事器物，包括武器和盔甲。dig(挖掘)是句中谓语动词，与主语Many ancient military artifacts(许多古代军事器物)之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语frm March t June 2023，讲述过去的事情应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，复数形式。故填were dug。
【39题详解】
考查强调句。句意：中国社会科学院考古研究所副研究员沈丽华说，正是这些盔甲和武器提供了重要的物证，丰富了武器考古学和铁器研究领域。沈丽华是考古小组的组长，该小组由中国社会科学院和河北省考古研究所的成员组成。句中使用了强调句型，强调句结构为“It + is/was + 被强调部分 + that/wh + 句子其它部分”，在强调句中，当被强调部分是人时，可以使用wh代替that；本句中强调的是原句主语“these armr and weapns”，句子其它部分只能由that引出。故填that。
【40题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：中国社会科学院考古研究所副研究员沈丽华说，正是这些盔甲和武器提供了重要的物证，丰富了武器考古学和铁器研究领域。沈丽华是考古小组的组长，该小组由中国社会科学院和河北省考古研究所的成员组成。可数名词field作宾语，意为“领域”，结合其后定语f weapn archaelgy and irn research可知，指两个领域，用复数形式。故填fields。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国社会科学院考古研究所副研究员沈丽华说，正是这些盔甲和武器提供了重要的物证，丰富了武器考古学和铁器研究领域。沈丽华是考古小组的组长，该小组由中国社会科学院和河北省考古研究所的成员组成。cnsist f是固定短语，意为“由……组成”。故填f。
【42题详解】
考查倒装句和主谓一致。句意：其中值得注意的发现是一座桥，以砖砌的承重墙和均匀间隔的柱孔为标志。“Amng the ntable findings (be) a bridge”是倒装句，名词a bridge是主语，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语是单数名词，系动词用is。故填is。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，需要进一步的考古工作来确认桥梁的具体形状。“(cnfirm) the specific shape f the bridge”作目的状语，用不定式。故填t cnfirm。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：据沈说，护城河大致与城墙平行。提示词修饰动词runs，用副词rughly作状语，意为“大约”。故填rughly。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这次发掘为了解护城河和桥梁的布局和结构提供了很好的认识，同时也为研究仪式和战争提供了新的材料。an understanding f...是固定短语，意为“对……的理解”，有形容词gd修饰，且发音以辅音音素开头，用冠词a修饰。故填a。
第四部 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 目前，“脆皮学生”成为热门话题并在社会上引起了广泛的关注和讨论。“脆皮学生”因缺乏体育锻炼，体质差，易受伤，易生病。假定你是李华，请你以此用英文写一份倡议书，呼吁学生们积极进行体育锻炼，增强体质。
内容包括：
1. 倡议的目的；
2. 体育锻炼的意义；
3. 呼吁大家积极响应。
参考词汇：脆皮学生brittle students
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible answer:
With brittle students becming a heated tpic, in rder t strengthen their physical and mental health, I appeal t yu all t spend mre time n physical exercise.
The significance f physical exercise, as far as I am cncerned, cannt be verstated, as it lays the fundatin fr a lifetime f health and well-being. On the ne hand, regular physical activities can imprve bne density, build muscle, maintain a healthy weight, which cntributes t a strnger bdy. On the ther hand, physical exercise releases a kind f chemical, which can bst md and reduce stress and anxiety, leading t better mental health.
Hpe yu can actively act n my appeal, participating in physical exercise n a regular basis. Let’s take actin frm nw n.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一份倡议书，呼吁学生们积极进行体育锻炼，增强体质。
【详解】1.词汇积累
为了：in rder t→s as t
重要性：significance→imprtance
改善：imprve→better
释放：release→set…free
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Let’s take actin frm nw n.
拓展句：It’s high time that we shuld take actin frm nw n.
【点睛】【高分句型1】With brittle students becming a heated tpic, in rder t strengthen their physical and mental health, I appeal t yu all t spend mre time n physical exercise.（运用了with+宾语+宾语补足语，不定式作目的状语）
【高分句型2】On the ne hand, regular physical activities can imprve bne density, build muscle, maintain a healthy weight, which cntributes t a strnger bdy.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I have always been free and easy when it cmes t handing ut small change n the street, and a cuple f mnths ag I lend 200 t a man I had never met befre. Anyway, let me tell yu abut Brendan.
On my way back t Lndn, I sptted a man with a large backpack and his thumb ut t ask fr a free lift. I pulled ver and lwered the windw.
“Which way are yu heading?” I asked. “I’m ging back t Lndn.”
“Ah, that wuld be grand,” came his immediate reply. He pened the dr and put his backpack n the back seat, “I’m Brendan,” he said with a smile. “I’ve had my thumb ut fr a day and half. Nbdy seems t stp these days.”
As we headed cast alng the mtrway, Brendan tld me abut the tw recent family tragedies that had pushed him ut f his ld life and n t the rad. He tld me that he was 52. He laughed a lt and enjyed his ff-grid (离网) lifestyle until the week befre when he’d been mugged (抢劫). And nw he just wanted t get sme casual wrk in Lndn, s he culd then get himself hme t Ireland.
It must have been the ntin f hme that gt me and helping a man wh’d clearly had a tugh time seemed like the right thing t d. T my surprise I heard myself say: “Well, I’ll lend yu 200 t fly hme, Brendan.”
“Grand,” he replied excitedly. Then, after a pause, “and please dn’t wrry. I’ll definitely pay back the mney when I get hme.” He tk my phne number and address, saying he’d call as sn as he culd.
Eight weeks past, a call frm Brendan made me disappinted.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A mnth after I gt the call, t my surprise, a package was delivered t me.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible answer:
Eight weeks past, a call frm Brendan made me disappinted. Hardly had I heard his vice full f guilt when the thught that he wuldn’t pay back the mney struck me. Just as expected, he aplgized fr nt being able t return the mney, explaining that he had encuntered mre difficulties than expected and needed mre time. With a mixture f regret and anger verwhelming me, I blamed myself fr lending him mney, feeling that after Brendan was mugged, he then mugged me. I hung up withut any patience t listen t his excuses any lnger and prmised t myself nt t lend a stranger any mney.
A mnth after I gt the call, t my surprise, a package was delivered t me. Inside was a beautifully handwritten letter frm Brenda, expressing his gratitude fr my help and his aplgy fr nt repaying me n time. He als mentined that he fund a steady wrk and save enugh t return the mney. Alng with the letter was a check fr the full amunt f the lan, as well as a small gift t reward my act f kindness. I culdn’t help but feel a sense f shame fr misunderstanding Brendan. The package made me have faith in the gd side f human nature and I was determined t deliver kindness t peple in need in the future.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者几个月前在回伦敦的途中遇到了一个名叫Brendan的人，他向作者介绍了自己遭遇的各种不幸，作者对他报以同情，认为帮助一个明显经历艰难时期的人是正确的事情，作者主动借给了Brendan 200美元，Brendan也记下了作者的电话和地址，并承诺会尽快联系作者的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“八周前，Brendan的一个电话让我很失望。”可知，第一段可描写作者接到Brendan的电话中什么让作者失望，以及作者的感受。
②由第二段首句内容“在我接到电话一个月后，令我惊讶的是，我收到了一个包裹。”可知，第二段可描写作者在包裹里看到了什么以及作者对这件事情的感受。
2.续写线索：接到电话——失望——收到包裹——回报作者——误解——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①偿还：pay back/repay/return
②挂断：hung up/ring ff
③承诺：prmise/ pledge
情绪类
①感激： gratitude/appreciatin/be grateful
②愤怒：anger/annyance
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Hardly had I heard his vice full f guilt when the thught that he wuldn’t pay back the mney struck me.（运用了部分倒装句和that引导的同位语从句）
[高分句型2]. Just as expected, he aplgized fr nt being able t return the mney, explaining that he had encuntered mre difficulties than expected and needed mre time.（运用了as引导的状语从句的省略和现在分词短语作状语）
[高分句型3]. With a mixture f regret and anger verwhelming me, I blamed myself fr lending him mney, feeling that after Brendan was mugged, he then mugged me. （运用了with复合结构和现在分词短语作状语）
1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A
11. C 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. C
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