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湖南省衡阳市衡阳县2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题（原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份湖南省衡阳市衡阳县2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含湖南省衡阳市衡阳县2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题原卷版docx、湖南省衡阳市衡阳县2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共40页， 欢迎下载使用。
考生注意：
1.本试卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，满分150分，考试时量120分钟。
2.试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两个部分，答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号、学校填在试题卷答题卡上。
3.选择题部分用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，回答非选择题部分时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试题卷上无效。
4.考试结束后请将答题卡上交。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man ding?
A. Reading.B. Shuting.C. Whispering.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Culd yu speak up, please? I can’t hear yu.
M: I have t speak very quietly because we are in a library.
W: Just be slightly clearer. After all, we dn’t have t shut t be heard.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers nw?
A. In a schl.B. At hme.C. On a bus.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Bye, Mm — I’m ff t schl! I wnder hw many peple will be there. Everyne keeps getting ill!
W: It’s the time f year that viruses seem t like. Keep washing yur hands and remember t wear yur mask n the bus! Bye!
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What des the man think f the test tmrrw?
A. It is imprtant.B. It is easy.C. It is unnecessary.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m starting t panic! Tmrrw’s test will decide which grup I’ll be in next year. It’s vital that I revise all my chemistry wrk tnight.
W: Take it easy. I knw it means a lt t yu, but all this nervus energy is unnecessary.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which party will the man vte fr?
A. The green party.B. The blue party.C. The red party.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m nt sure wh t vte fr. The green party aims t help the envirnment, but the blue party puts the ecnmy first.
W: Hw abut the red party? Their fcus is n scial imprvement.
M: The planet’s wildlife is imprtant t me... S, I’ve gt the answer.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What des the wman suggest the man d?
A. Surprise his grandfather.
B. Find ut his grandfather’s wisdm.
C. Help his grandfather t find his keys.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: My grandfather says the lder yu get, the wiser yu get. But he’s always frgetting things, like where he put his keys.
W: Being frgetful desn’t mean he’s nt wise. Talk with him and listen t what he has learned in life. It may surprise yu.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Mther and sn.B. Fellw engineers.C. Teacher and student.
7. What happened when the man used the machine?
A. It spread butter n tast.
B. It mixed butter with jam.
C. It drpped butter nt the flr.
【答案】6. A 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ve always wanted t help yu with the husewrk.
W: Oh, yu’re s sweet, dear.
M: S I’ve invented a machine that will help yu make breakfast.
W: What is it?
M: It’s called the “Butter Spreader”. I designed it in the engineering class. It’s a knife attached t a mtr. It can spread butter n tast. Of curse, it can spread jam t — r butter and jam. My teacher said it was very unique.
W: Sunds interesting!
M: Here it is. Watch hw it is used.
W: Oh dear, is the butter suppsed t be thrwn nt the flr like that?
M: N. Perhaps I need t make sme changes…
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Hw lng has the wman been waiting here?
A. 15 minutes.B. 20 minutes.C. 25 minutes.
9. Why is the wman ging t twn?
A. T get t wrk.B. T g shpping.C. T buy cmputer parts.
10. What will the man d later tday?
A. Have his cmputer repaired.
B. G t the medical center.
C. Wrk n a reprt.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【原文】W: This bus is nt very reliable. I’ve been here since 11: 10 a.m. and it still hasn’t shwn up.
M: What time is it suppsed t be here?
W: Twenty past eleven, and nw it’s twenty-five past eleven! It’s really annying because my car brke dwn n the way hme frm wrk yesterday, s the bus is my nly way int twn t d my weekly grcery shpping.
M: I need t get t twn t get a keybard and a muse fr my cmputer. I usually buy things nline with my smartphne. But I have t finish an urgent reprt tday and I need t get back in time fr that. S this bus had better hurry up.
W: Hang n, is that it cming nw just past the medical center?
M: Yes! Thank gdness fr that!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Why did the man travel t England?
A. Fr an exchange prgram.
B. Fr a sprts cmpetitin.
C. Fr a family reunin.
12. What sprt will the man take Jsh t see?
A. Ftball.B. Basketball.C. Table tennis.
13. Hw did the man mainly feel during his trip?
A Tired.B. Excited.C. Scared.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B
【解析】
【原文】M: I traveled t England ver the summer and had a great time. I picked up s much f the language.
W: I bet it was tiring. Was it scary staying with smene yu didn’t knw?
M: Nt at all! It was Jsh and his family. I was paired with Jsh n the student exchange prject. He is such a great guy. His likes and interests are similar t mine, s we sn became gd friends.
W: What srts f interests?
M: We’re bth int sprts, particularly ftball and basketball. Plus, his dad tk us t a Premier League match in Lndn, which was incredible. It was Arsenal against Manchester United! It ended 3-1 t Arsenal, s Jsh was really happy as that’s his team.
W: Oh, ww!
M: He said if I cme again, we’ll watch a Liverpl game as they’re my team. But he’s cming t China first! We’re planning t watch a Table Tennis Club Super League match tgether!
W: Sunds like yu’ve made a friend fr life!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Wh is the wman?
A. A writer.B. A publisher.C. A radi hstess.
15. What style f cmic des Jin Oka write?
A. Japanese.B. American.C. Chinese.
16. Which character des Jin Oka like best?
A. Spider-Man.B. Irn Man.C. Batman.
17. What will the speakers d first?
A. Read a cmic bk.B. Rest fr a while.C. Watch a vide.
【答案】14. C 15. B 16. C 17. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hell, and welcme t “Ask the Writer”, the shw that puts yur questins t members f the writing wrld. Tday’s guest is Jin Oka, wh has been writing cmics fr mre than twenty years. It’s gd t have yu n the shw, Jin.
M: It’s gd t be here.
W: Jin, yu were riginally frm Japan and mved t America when yu were ten years ld. Yu began selling yur stry ideas t Marvel when yu were just thirteen, s yu weren’t in America that lng befre making an impressin.
M: Yes, that’s right. I had grwn up reading Japanese cmics but sn turned t Marvel, which is an American cmic publisher. When my dad gt a jb in New Yrk, I was s excited and gt int writing immediately.
W: Great stuff. Okay, let’s g t ur listeners’ questins. The first ne is frm Chen wh lives in Wuhan, China. She asks, “Wh is yur favrite superher?”
M: Oh, great questin! I fell in lve with characters like Spider-Man, Superman, and the Hulk frm an early age, but the clest superher is Batman.
W: He’s great, thugh Irn Man is my particular favrite! Keep listening, because after the break we’ll ask Jin abut his new YuTube channel fr cmic lvers. Dn’t g away!
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What is the talk mainly abut?
A. An inspiring stry.B. A wrld recrd.C. A family reunin.
19. Why did Jnny nearly fall ver?
A. He gt tired and weak.
B. He was pushed by anther athlete.
C. He was verexcited at nearing the finish line.
20. What place did Jnny get in the race?
A. First.B. Secnd.C. Third.
【答案】18. A 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Befre yu run this marathn tday, let me share smething with yu. In September 2016, a running event that wuld g dwn in sprting histry tk place. It was the Wrld Triathln Series in Mexic and the Brwnlee brthers were bth cmpeting in the final race. With abut 700 meters left, Jnny, the yunger f the tw brthers, was leading by sme distance. But as he neared the finish line, it was bvius smething was wrng. He was mving frm side t side and was abut t fall ver. Weakened frm the ht weather, his bdy culd nt g n. The runner behind him went past him. And then, just when all hpe was lst and he was falling t the grund, he was caught by the third-placed runner.
When Jnny lked up, he culd see that the runner was his lder brther Alistair, wh had stpped t help. Tgether, the brthers ran the rest f the race arm in arm. The brthers crssed the line t the cheers f everyne in the crwd. Alistair pushed Jnny ahead s that his brther culd take secnd place. It was ne f the mst remarkable and mving mments in the histry f wrld sprts.
Nw g ut there and d yur best!
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Skywalk at the Grand Canyn West Rim
Head t the breathtaking Skywalk at the Grand Canyn West Rim fr an unfrgettable view 4,000 feet abve the Canyn flr. With trust in ur wrld-famus Gray Line blue diamnd, yu can be cnfident f knwing that this will be a truly memrable day!
Please Nte
If a mtr cach with a lift is required, we must have a 72-hur prir ntificatin t the date f travel.
Service dgs are allwed t travel with the crrect and current paperwrk.
All reservatins must be cnfirmed 24 hurs prir t the travel date.
Cameras are nt allwed n the Skywalk.
Tur Overview
Pass by Diamnd Bar Ranch lcated between the grand Canyn and Jshua Tree Frest in the state. This histric ranch cvers an area f arund 106,000 acres.
At the Grand Canyn West Rim, visit the Hualapai Indian Cuntry and take advantage f the many pht pprtunities with yur hsts, The Hualapai Indians. Meet the Hualapai Indians in full tribal (BB) dr ess and frm the traditinal dance.
Visit guan pint. There are relics f a histric tram that stretched 8, 800 feet acrss the grand Canyn t a guan mine.
Visit Eagle Pint. Besides experiencing the latest attractin — the Grand Canyn Skywalk, yu can als dine at the newly pened Skywalk Cafe verlking the grand Canyn fr a truly unique lunch experience
After apprximately 4 hurs at the West Rim, we'll return t the Las Vegas htel—there's n better way t spend yur day!
21. What if a blind man with a guide dg intends t take the tur?
A. He shuld infrm the cmpany ahead
B. He shuld pay extra mney fr the dg
C. He shuld cnfirm his reservatin in advance
D. He shuld prvide related dcuments abut the dg
22. What can turists d in the Hualapai Indian Cuntry?
A. Taste unique lcal cuisine.B. Take pictures with the lcals
C. Dance with the Hualapai IndiansD. Try n the traditinal tribal dress
23. Where can visitrs have a wnderful view ver the grand Canyn?
A. Eagle PintB. Guan pint
C. Jshua Tree FrestD. Diamnd Bar ranch
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。文章介绍了大峡谷空中步道旅游信息和注意事项。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Please Nte部分“Service dgs are allwed t travel with the crrect and current paperwrk.(携带当前有效证件的服务犬可以进入景区旅行)”可知，携带服务犬的游客需要提供服务犬的相关文件。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tur Overview部分“At the Grand Canyn West Rim, visit the Hualapai Indian Cuntry and take advantage f the many pht pprtunities with yur hsts, The Hualapai Indians.(在大峡谷西缘，参观瓦拉派印第安人部落，抓住机会与您的东道主瓦拉派印第安人拍照) ”可知，在Hualapai Indian Cuntry，游客可以与当地印第安人合影。故选B项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tur Overview部分“Visit Eagle Pint. Besides experiencing the latest attractin — the Grand Canyn Skywalk, yu can als dine at the newly pened Skywalk Cafe verlking the grand Canyn fr a truly unique lunch experience(老鹰崖。除了体验最新的景点——大峡谷空中步道，您还可以在新开的Skywalk咖啡厅用餐，俯瞰大峡谷，享受真正独特的午餐体验)”可知，在Eagle Pint，游客可以在Skywalk咖啡厅俯瞰大峡谷。故选A项。
B
Ask bacteria where they’d like t live, and they’ll answer: a kitchen spnge (海绵), please.
Spnges are the best place fr bacteria, capable f husing 54 billin bacteria per cubic centimeter. In additin t being damp, airy and laded with fd remains, spnges prvide a perfect physical envirnment fr bacteria.
Just like humans, bacteria prefer different levels f interactins with their peers. Sme bacteria are mre scial, while thers prefer staying alne. Researchers fund that middling levels f separatin—similar t that fund in a spnge—maximize the diversity f the cmmunity.
Scientists separated different bacterial strains(菌株), which had been engineered t give light, int cmpartments(隔间). The wrk shwed that an envirnment with a middling number f cmpartments prmtes the mst diversity.
Kitchen spnge, with all kinds f large and small hles, nt nly ffer an ideal number f cmpartments fr bacteria, but als prvide a range f varying-sized parties that can suit mre f the bacteria’s needs. In experiments with a kitchen spnge, the researchers fund that the resulting bacterial cmmunity was mre diverse than thse prduced in liquid cultures, a cmmn methd f grwing bacteria in a labratry.
Frtunately, the bacteria partying in yur spnge are mstly nnpathgenic. But if dangerus bacteria d shw up, the spnge’s special structure will prbably help them thrive.
“Spnges are nt really well-suited fr kitchen” says Markus Egert, a micrbilgist, wh did nt take part in the study.“There is hardly any surface withut bacteria at hme, but the kitchen spnge is prbably the mst ppulated item at hme.”
The gd news is that it’s easy t slve the prblem. Brushes are a much safer alternative. And if yu lve yur spnge, dn’t use it fr meat juices. N need t invite bad bacteria t the party.
24. What is the functin f the first paragraph?
A. Intrducing the tpic f the text.
B. Drawing a scientific cnclusin.
C. Cmparing bacteria with human beings.
D. Prviding a better envirnment fr bacteria.
25. What can be inferred frm the experiment?
A. Bacteria can be remved frm hme.
B. Bacteria prefer t reprduce in large spaces.
C. Kitchen spnges will sn be replaced by brushes.
D. Kitchen spnges are ideal items t prduce bacteria.
26. What des the underlined wrd “nnpathgenic” mean in Paragraph 6?
A. DifferentB. SafeC. HealthyD. Destructive
27. Where is the passage mst likely taken frm?
A. A ckbkB. A magazineC. A textbkD. An advertisement
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。从科学角度介绍了厨房的海绵是产生细菌的理想物。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段“Ask bacteria where they’d like t live, and they’ll answer: a kitchen spnge (海绵), please. (如果你问细菌它们想生活在哪里，它们会回答：请给我一块厨房海绵。)”以及第二段首句“Spnges are the best place fr bacteria, capable f husing 54 billin bacteria per cubic centimeter. (海绵是细菌的最佳栖息地，每立方厘米能容纳540亿个细菌。)”可知，厨房的海绵是细菌的最佳栖息地。且纵观全文，都是在介绍这一话题，由此可推知，第一段的作用是引起文章主题。故选A。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段末句“The wrk shwed that an envirnment with a middling number f cmpartments prmtes the mst diversity. (研究表明，具有中等数量隔间的环境促进了最大的多样性。)”以及第五段首句“Kitchen spnge, with all kinds f large and small hles, nt nly ffer an ideal number f cmpartments fr bacteria, but als prvide a range f varying-sized parties that can suit mre f the bacteria’s needs. (厨房海绵，有各种大小的孔，不仅为细菌提供了理想数量的隔间，而且还提供了一系列不同大小的聚会，可以满足更多细菌的需求。)”可知，厨房海绵是产生细菌的理想物品。故选D。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。根据倒数第三段“Frtunately, the bacteria partying in yur spnge are mstly nnpathgenic. But if dangerus bacteria d shw up, the spnge’s special structure will prbably help them thrive. (幸运的是，在海绵里聚会的细菌大多是 。但如果危险的细菌真的出现了，海绵的特殊结构可能会帮助它们茁壮成长。)”可知，“But”前后为对照关系，其后为“dangerus”，故划线词应为反义词，故为“安全的”。故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段“Ask bacteria where they’d like t live, and they’ll answer: a kitchen spnge (海绵), please. (如果你问细菌它们想生活在哪里，它们会回答：请给我一块厨房海绵。)”以及纵观全文可知，全篇介绍厨房的海绵是细菌的最佳栖息地。此话题最有可能出现在杂志上。故选B。
C
Eugene Newman Parker, a leading figure in helispheric(日球层的) physics fr the past half century, passed away peacefully at his hme in Chicag n Mar. 15. He was 94.
Hailed(誉为) as a visinary in the field f heliphysics, Parker revlutinized ur understanding f the sun and its effects n Earth and ther bdies within the slar system. NASA even stated that “the field f heliphysics exists in large part because f Dr. Eugene Parker. In 2018, Parker became the first living scientist t witness the launch f a spacecraft that was named in his hnr.
Parker is best knwn fr his grundbreaking thery n the existence f a phenmenn called “slar wind”, a cntinuus stream f charged particles that flw ff the sun. It can becme vilent, causing space weather that impacts the Earth. When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his thery was initially met with skepticism(怀疑) and ridicule by the scientific cmmunity. The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an abslute vacuum(真空), and was thus cmpletely empty f any matter. But, there were n errrs in his study r his calculatins, and the thery was later prven t be crrect in 1962, when a NASA spacecraft missin t Venus revealed the cnstant presence f a supersnic wind—exactly as Parker had predicted.
That experience likely led t the advice Parker ften gave yung researchers: “If yu d smething new r innvative, expect truble. But think critically abut it because if yu’re wrng, yu want t be the first ne t knw that.” Parker never c-authred a paper with his students, thus urging them t be independent.
Parker was humble, straightfrward, and wise. His sn Eric said, “My sister Jyce and I didn’t get a real feel fr what a ‘big dg’ ur dad was in the field.” They gt an even better sense when a mnth after Parker’s death, they traveled t Lund, Sweden, t accept n his behalf the Crafrd Prize in Astrnmy.
28. What can we learn frm the secnd paragraph?
A. A spacecraft was named in memry f Parker.
B. The sun has less effects n Earth than expected.
C. Parker deserved credit fr his great cntributins.
D. NASA prvided new insights int the lunar effect.
29. Why did peple view Parker’s thery f “slar wind” skeptically at first?
A. It went against the ppular pinin at that time.
B. Sme mistakes were fund in his calculatins.
C. The presence f a supersnic wind was prven by NASA.
D. Matter was believed t exist in the space between planets.
30. What did Parker suggest yung researchers d?
A. seek clse cperatinB. avid high expectatins
C. learn by trial and errrD. cmpete against thers
31. What wrds can be used t describe Parker accrding t the passage?
A. straightfrward and generusB. respnsible and accessible
C. intelligent yet cnservativeD. distinguished yet mdest
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了日球物理学的领军人物，尤金·纽曼·帕克的贡献以及他对年轻人的影响。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Parker revlutinized ur understanding f the sun and its effects n Earth and ther bdies within the slar system. (帕克彻底改变了我们对太阳及其对地球和太阳系内其他天体的影响的认识。)”以及“NASA even stated that “the field f heliphysics exists in large part because f Dr. Eugene Parker. (美国宇航局甚至表示，“太阳物理学领域的存在在很大程度上要归功于尤金·帕克博士。”)”可知，帕克对整个日球物理学领域做出了极大的贡献，他是值得赞扬的。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“ When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his thery was initially met with skepticism(怀疑) and ridicule by the scientific cmmunity.(当帕克的研究成果于1958年发表时，他的理论最初遭到了科学界的质疑和嘲笑。)”以及“The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an abslute vacuum(真空), and was thus cmpletely empty f any matter. (当时的普遍观点是，行星之间的空间是绝对真空的，因此完全没有任何物质。)”可知，人们起初对帕克的“太阳风”理论持怀疑态度，因为它违背了当时的流行观点。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“That experience likely led t the advice Parker ften gave yung researchers: “If yu d smething new r innvative, expect truble. But think critically abut it because if yu’re wrng, yu want t be the first ne t knw that.” (这段经历可能导致了帕克经常给年轻研究人员的建议：“如果你做了一些新的或创新的事情，预计会有麻烦。但要批判性地思考，因为如果你错了，你想成为第一个知道这一点的人。”)”可知，帕克给年轻人的建议是从错误和尝试中学习。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hailed(誉为) as a visinary in the field f heliphysics, Parker revlutinized ur understanding f the sun and its effects n Earth and ther bdies within the slar system. (被誉为作为太阳物理学领域的梦想家，帕克彻底改变了我们对太阳及其对地球和太阳系内其他天体影响的理解。)”以及根据最后一段中“Parker was humble, straightfrward, and wise.( 帕克谦逊、直率、睿智。)”可知，帕克是杰出但谦逊的。故选D。
D
Zlgists studied the nervus systems f insects t investigate principles f bilgical brain cmputatin and pssible effects n machine learning and artificial intelligence. Specifically, they analysed hw insects learn t assciate sensry infrmatin in their envirnment with a fd reward, and hw they can recall this infrmatin later in rder t slve cmplex tasks such as the search fr fd.
Living rganisms shw remarkable abilities in cping with prblems psed by cmplex and dynamic envirnments. They are able t generalize their experiences in rder t rapidly adapt their behaviur when the envirnment changes. The zlgists investigated hw the nervus system f the fruit fly cntrls its behaviur when searching fr fd.
Using a cmputer mdel, they simulated(模拟) and analysed the cmputatins in the fruit fly’s nervus system in respnse t scents cming frm the fd surce. They initially trained their mdel f the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulatin tgether with a reward and a secnd scent withut a reward.
“The mdel rapidly learns a strng representatin f the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentatins and is then able t find the surce f this scent in a cmplex envirnment,” said cmputer scientist Dr Hannes Rapp, wh created the mdel.
The mdel created is thus capable f generalizing frm its memry and t apply what it has learned previusly in a cmpletely new and cmplex envirnment, while learning required nly a very small database f training samples.
The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks.
32. What is the aim f the research?
A. T analyse the applicatin f bilgical brain cmputatin principles.
B. T seek prmtin f machine learning and artificial intelligence.
C. T shed light n hw the nervus systems f insects wrk.
D. T uncver hw insects apply sensry infrmatin in search f fd.
33. Which statement abut the research methd is NOT TRUE?
A. The researchers cllected the data by using a cmputer mdel.
B. The researchers fcused n hw the fruit fly’s nervus system reacts t scents.
C. The researchers trained the mdel in the same way as training fruit flies.
D. The researchers presented tw different scents t carry ut a cntrl experiment.
34. What d the results f the research imply?
A. Insects’ nervus systems are mre sensitive t particular scents.
B. Artificial intelligence is significant t bilgical brain research.
C. Sensry infrmatin is widely applied in machine learning.
D. Research n insect brain can cntribute t AI develpment.
35. What is the main purpse f the text?
A. T present predictins abut the future f machine learning.
B. T illustrate the methd and findings f a scientific study.
C. T call n mre research n insect brain and behavir.
D. T intrduce a practical methd f insect research.
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。昆虫的神经系统能获取并将感官性信息转换为记忆，控制其行为来完成如觅食这样的复杂任务，动物学家通过研究这一过程，寻求其对未来机器学习和人工智能的启发。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“Zlgists studied the nervus systems f insects t investigate principles f bilgical brain cmputatin and pssible effects n machine learning and artificial intelligence (动物学家研究了昆虫的神经系统，以研究生物大脑计算的原理以及对机器学习和人工智能的可能影响)”最后一段“The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks. (研究结果表明，将感觉信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激励未来的机器学习和人工智能应用于解决复杂任务。)可知，动物学家研究昆虫神经系统的目的是研究生物大脑计算的原理和对机器学习及人工智能的可能影响。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“They presented a specific scent in the simulatin tgether with a reward and a secnd scent withut a reward. (他们在模拟中呈现了一种特定的气味以及奖励，而第二种气味则没有奖励。)”可知，研究过程中确实使用了两种气味，但研究方法并非对照实验，而只是测试该模型对于有奖励的气味的反应。因此，关于研究方法的说法是不正确的是D项“研究人员提出了两种不同的气味来进行对照实验”。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks. (研究结果表明，将感觉信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激励未来的机器学习和人工智能应用于解决复杂任务。)”可知，研究的结果表明，大脑中感官性信息转换为记忆能够启示未来机器学习和人工智能在解决复杂任务中的运用，因此，对昆虫大脑的研究能促进人工智能的发展，故选D。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。本文全文皆在介绍一项研究，从研究目的到研究方法，再到研究结果，文章第三段讲到“Using a cmputer mdel, they simulated(模拟) and analysed the cmputatins in the fruit fly’s nervus system in respnse t scents cming frm the fd surce. (他们使用计算机模型模拟和分析了果蝇神经系统对食物来源气味的反应。)”以及最后一段“The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks. (研究结果表明，将感觉信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激励未来的机器学习和人工智能应用于解决复杂任务。)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是说明科学研究的方法和发现。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The infrmatin age has reached a critical pint, with AI’s superir cmputatin ability surpassing that f humans. A reprt released by Gldman Sachs in March 2023 estimated that AI is capable f ding a quarter f all the wrk currently dne by humans. ___36___ It wuld nt just happen t individuals, but it culd be pretty systematic. Acrss the Eurpean Unin and US, the reprt further ntes, 300 millin jbs are expected t be lst t autmatin.
___37___ Accrding t Martin Frd, authr f Rule f the Rbts: Hw Artificial Intelligence Will Transfrm Everything, three categries are ging t be relatively secure in the freseeable future. ___38___ That means yu’re nt ding frmulaic (程式化的) wrk r just rearranging things, but generating new ideas. Fr example, in the field f science, where yur jb is cming up with a nvel strategy r slutin, there’s ging t be a place fr human beings.
The secnd categry is jbs that require sphisticated interpersnal relatinships like nurses, business cnsultants and investigative jurnalists. These are jbs where yu need a very deep understanding f peple. ___39___
The third safe zne includes jbs that really require lts f mbility and prblem-slving ability in unpredictable envirnments. Electricians, plumbers, welders (焊工) and the like all fall under this umbrella, where yu’re dealing with different situatins all the time.
In shrt, seeking rles in dynamic, shifting envirnments that include unpredictable tasks is gd way t avid jb lss t AI, at least, fr a while. It’s imprtant t nte that an advanced educatin is nt a defense against AI takever. In many cases, mre educated wrkers are ging t be mre threatened than even the least educated wrkers. ___40___ It’s really hard t autmate that jb.
A. That culd be terrible.
B. Hwever, they are nt cming fr all jbs.
C. Thankfully, there are still things AI isn’t capable f.
D. The first wuld be jbs that are genuinely creative.
E. Think f the persn that cleans htel rms.
F. That desn’t necessarily mean all jbs that are cnsidered “creative” are safe.
G. It’ll be a lng time befre AI has the ability t really build relatinships and interact.
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. D 39. G 40. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些人工智能无法做到的工作。
【36题详解】
上文“A reprt released by Gldman Sachs in March 2023 estimated that AI is capable f ding a quarter f all the wrk currently dne by humans. (Gldman Sachs于2023年3月发布的一份报告估计，人工智能能够完成目前人类所做工作的四分之一。)”以及下文“It wuld nt just happen t individuals, but it culd be pretty systematic. (这不仅会发生在个人身上，而且可能是相当系统的。)”说明这个现象很可怕，因此A项“这太可怕了”符合语境，故选A。
【37题详解】
下文“Accrding t Martin Frd, authr f Rule f the Rbts: Hw Artificial Intelligence Will Transfrm Everything, three categries are ging t be relatively secure in the freseeable future. (《机器人规则：人工智能将如何改变一切》一书的作者马丁·福特表示，在可预见的未来，三类机器人将相对安全。)”说明的是仍然有人工智能无法做到的三大类工作，因此C项“谢天谢地，还有一些事情是人工智能无法做到的”概括段意，故选C。
【38题详解】
上文“three categries are ging t be relatively secure in the freseeable future. (在可预见的未来，这三个类别将相对安全。)”以及下文“The secnd categry is jbs that require sphisticated interpersnal relatinships like nurses, business cnsultants and investigative jurnalists. (第二类是需要复杂人际关系的工作，如护士、商业顾问和调查记者。)”说明此处需要承接上文，并引出之后两段的另外两种工作，因此D项“首先是真正有创造力的工作”符合语境，故选D。
【39题详解】
上文“The secnd categry is jbs that require sphisticated interpersnal relatinships like nurses, business cnsultants and investigative jurnalists. These are jbs where yu need a very deep understanding f peple. (第二类是需要复杂人际关系的工作，如护士、商业顾问和调查记者。在这些工作中，你需要对人有非常深入的了解。)” 说明第二类工作相对安全是因为它们需要对人有深入的了解，G项“人工智能还需要很长时间才能真正建立关系和互动。”进一步解释第二类工作可能不受人工智能威胁的原因，故选G。
【40题详解】
上文“In many cases, mre educated wrkers are ging t be mre threatened than even the least educated wrkers. (在许多情况下，受教育程度更高的工人将比受教育程度最低的工人受到更大的威胁。)”以及下文“It’s really hard t autmate that jb. (要使那项工作自动化真的很难)” 中it指代空处提及的工作，说明使酒店打扫工作自动化很难，即受到人工智能的威胁小，因此E项“想想那个打扫酒店房间的人吧。”举例说明具体的不需要高学历的工作，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was 4 ’clck in the mrning when I received the phne call.
“This is the emergency rm calling and yur sn was just____41____in with serius burns n his face, neck and arms.” The dctr described the____42____, which caused the burns. At 6 a.m., my sn and his friends decided t barbecue hamburgers in the curtyard f their apartment. Unfrtunately, the charcal burst int flames because they had sprayed t much petrl. The flames____43____my sn’s shirt tail and sht frm his waist t well ver his head.
Frtunately, ne f the bys was quick- minded, grasped my sn, and____44____him n the grass. While it saved his life, there was nt enugh____45____t save him frm fearful burns and the terrible scars (伤疤).
After he recvered frm the treatments, the dctrs tld him they wuld nt d plastic surgery (整形手术) fr 6 mnths ____46____ it tk that lng fr the skin t stp shrinking and wrinkling. S he had t return t cllege with typical scars f burns.
When I was a child my mther tld my sister wh had a very____47____10-inch scar n her arm, “Nancy, if yu ignre the scar, ther peple will ignre it. It des nt mean they will nt____48____it, but it means it will nt matter t them if it desn’t matter t yu.”
I____49____this wisdm n t my sn. He tk my advice t his_____50_____and returned t schl with his head held high-glad he was alive. By the end f the six-mnth waiting perid, he felt that the scars did nt_____51_____, s he made the_____52_____t give up any plastic surgery.
We all have “scars” that we believe will_____53_____peple t keep away frm us. And we spend a lt f time thinking that if we lked different, r dressed differently, peple wuld like us better. But yu see, peple will nly judge yu by yur lks, r yur clthes, if yu are judging yurself by these_____54_____standards. Put yur imperfectins ut f yur mind and cncentrate n what yu value_____55_____yurself, and yur beauty will shine thrugh.
41. A. turnedB. givenC. brughtD. shwn
42. A. eventB. accidentC. reasnD. prcess
43. A. burnedB. heldC. tkD. attracted
44. A. pushedB. rlledC. drppedD. threw
45. A. spaceB. timeC. rmD. place
46. A. ifB. whileC. becauseD. althugh
47. A. specificB. vilentC. bviusD. cruel
48. A. mentinB. nticeC. rejectD. blame
49. A. passedB. keptC. handledD. sent
50. A. bkB. lifeC. spiritD. heart
51. A. grwB. existC. matterD. appear
52. A. attemptB. effrtC. decisinD. cnclusin
53. A. inviteB. causeC. allwD. remind
54. A. casualB. tughC. falseD. general
55. A. byB. verC. beyndD. within
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. C 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. C 53. B 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述作者的儿子由于一场意外，烧伤了自己留下了疤痕。在作者的鼓励下，作者更专注于内心的美丽，不在意身上的伤疤，而放弃做整容手术的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这里是急诊室，你的儿子刚刚被送来，他的脸、脖子和手臂都严重烧伤。”A. turned转动；B. given给；C. brught带来；D. shwn展示。根据后文的“serius burns n his face, neck and arms”可知，作者的儿子受伤严重，可推知被送进急诊室。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：医生描述了造成烧伤的事故。A. event事件；B. accident 意外事故；C. reasn 理由；D. prcess过程。根据前文的“serius burns n his face, neck and arms”可知，医生描述了事故。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：火焰烧着了我儿子的衬衫尾巴，从他的腰部一直烧到他的头顶。A. burned烧；B. held拿住；C. tk拿走；D. attracted吸引。根据前文的“serius burns n his face, neck and arms”和后文“my sn’s shirt tail and sht frm his waist t well ver his head”可知，火焰烧到了作者的儿子。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运是，其中一个男孩反应敏捷，抓住了我的儿子，把他滚到草地上。A. pushed推；B. rlled使……转动，滚动；C. drpped掉下；D. threw抛。根据后文的“While it saved his life”可知，一个男孩的行为救了作者儿子的命，根据常识可知，身上着火时，在地上滚动可以灭火。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然它救了他的命，但没有足够的时间把他从可怕的烧伤和可怕的伤疤中拯救出来。A. space空间；B. time时间；C. rm房间；D. place地方。根据后文的“frm fearful burns and the terrible scars”可推知，没有足够的时间把作者的儿子从烧伤中救出来。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：在他从治疗中恢复过来后，医生告诉他，他们将在6个月内不做整形手术，因为皮肤需要很长时间才能停止萎缩和起皱纹。A. if如果；B. while当……时候；C. because因为；D. althugh尽管。根据后文的“it tk that lng fr the skin t stp shrinking and wrinkling”可推知，皮肤需要很长时间才能停止萎缩和起皱纹是前面不能在6个月内做整形手术的原因。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我妈妈告诉我妹妹，她的手臂上有一个非常明显的10英寸的伤疤。A. specific特定的；B. vilent暴力的；C. bvius明显的；D. cruel残酷的。根据后文的“10-inch scar n her arm”可知，10英寸的伤疤很明显。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：这并不意味着他们不会注意到，而是意味着如果你不留意，他们也不在乎。A. mentin提到；B. ntice留意；C. reject拒绝；D. blame责怪。根据后文的“but it means it will nt matter t them if it desn’t matter t yu”可知，如果你不留意，别人也不在意。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把这个智慧传给了我的儿子。A. passed传递；B. kept保持；C. handled解决；D. sent发送。根据后文的“t my sn”可知，作者将这个智慧传递给自己儿子。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把我的建议牢记于心，昂首挺胸地回到学校，庆幸自己还活着。A. bk书；B. life生活；C. spirit精神；D. heart心。根据后文的“returned t schl with his head held high-glad he was alive”可推知，作者儿子将作者的话牢记于心，才能在身上有伤疤的情况下昂首挺胸地回到学校。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在六个月的等待期结束时，他觉得伤疤并不要紧，所以他决定放弃任何整形手术。A. grw长大；B. exist存在；C. matter要紧；D. appear出现。根据后文的“give up any plastic surgery”可知，作者的儿子觉得伤疤并不要紧，所以放弃整形手术。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在六个月的等待期结束时，他觉得伤疤并不重要，所以他决定放弃任何整形手术。A. attempt尝试；B. effrt努力；C. decisin决定；D. cnclusin结论。根据后文的“give up any plastic surgery”可知，作者的儿子觉得伤疤并不要紧，所以放弃整形手术。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都有“伤疤”，我们相信这些伤疤会导致别人远离我们。A. invite邀请；B. cause导致；C. allw允许；D. remind提醒。根据后文的“keep away frm us”可知，伤疤会导致别人远离我们。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是你看，如果你用这些错误的标准来评判自己，人们只会用你的外表或衣服来评判你。A. casual随便的；B. tugh艰苦的；C. false错误的；D. general普遍的。根据前文的“ judge yu by yur lks, r yur clthes”可知，如果用这些错误的标准来批判自己，人们只会用你的外表或衣服来评判你。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：把你的不完美抛诸脑后，专注于你所看重的自己的内心深处，你的美丽就会闪耀。A. by由；B. ver超过；C. beynd超出；D. within在……里。根据前文的“Put yur imperfectins ut f yur mind”和后文的“and yur beauty will shine thrugh”可知，把不完美抛诸脑后，专注于看重自己的内心深处，美丽就会闪耀。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Being a prtective parent culd set yur kids up fr a healthier life as an adult, accrding t new research frm the University f Gergia.
The natinal survey fllwed thusands f ____56____(individual) frm adlescence thrugh their mid-30s. It fund that letting yur kids knw yu have set limits and are keeping an eye n them ____57____(reduce) the risk f physical and mental health in adulthd. “This isn’t just the direct ‘knw where yur kids are’ type f parenting, and it’s nt helicpter parenting ____58____ makes a difference,” said Katherine Ehrlich, c-authr f the study.
The researchers fund a cnnectin between grwing up in a ____59____(little) safe envirnment and physical health limitatins in adulthd. “____60____ is a lt f research t shw that stressful experiences — fr example, feeling unsafe, nt getting the basic resurces that yu need in life r ____61____(expse) t neglect r abuse —____62____(literal) change hw yur bdy functins,” said Crall, a research assciate at Gergia State University.
The study participants wh grew up in unsafe envirnments ____63____ had parents wh were very invlved with their lives didn’t experience the same health prblems ____64____ their peers withut prtective parents. It is likely that the children whse parents gave them curfews (宵禁) and mnitred their friend grups ____65____(prtect) better frm harmful behavirs that wuld have lifelng effects, like smking r drinking, the researchers said.
【答案】56. individuals
57. reduces
58. that 59. less
60. There 61. being expsed
62. literally
63. but 64. as
65. were prtected
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了根据佐治亚大学的一项新研究，做一个保护孩子的父母可以让你的孩子长大后过上更健康的生活。
【56题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：这项全国性调查追踪了数千名从青春期到35岁左右的人。根据“thusands f”可知，空处应为名词复数，作宾语；individual表示“个人、个体”，为可数名词，符合句意。故填individuals。
【57题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：研究发现，让你的孩子知道你已经设定了限制，并时刻关注着这些限制，可以降低他们成年后身心健康的风险。空处为谓语动词，由句意可知，应用一般现在时，表示客观事实；主语是动名词短语“letting yur kids knw...”，故谓语为单数，与动词reduce之间为主动关系。故填reduces。
【58题详解】
考查强调句。句意：“这不是直接的‘知道你的孩子在哪里’式的教育，也不是直升机式育儿带来改变，”这项研究的合著者Katherine Ehrlich说。本句为it 强调句型，强调主语“helicpter parenting”，故应用that。故填that。
【59题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：研究人员发现，在不太安全的环境中长大与成年后身体健康受限之间存在联系。空处应用副词，修饰形容词“safe”；根据下文“fr example, feeling unsafe, ”（例如，感到不安全），这里表示“不安全”，little的比较级less可作副词，less safe意为“更不安全、不太安全”，符合句意。故填less。
【60题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：“有很多研究表明，压力经历——例如，感觉不安全，无法获得生活所需的基本资源，或者受到忽视或虐待——确实会改变你的身体功能，”佐治亚州立大学的研究助理Crall说。根据句意，本句应为固定句型there be...，表示“有……”；句首字母大写。故填There。
【61题详解】
考查动名词。句意：同上。根据“r”可知，空处应与“feeling”和“nt getting”为并列成分，故应用动名词形式；expse为及物动词，表示“暴露、使显露”，固定短语be expsed t意为“暴露于、遭受”，符合句意，故应用being expsed t；故填being expsed。
【62题详解】
考查副词。句意：同上。空处应为副词，修饰动词“change”，作状语；literally为副词，表示“真正地、确实地”，符合句意。故填literally。
【63题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：在不安全的环境中长大，但父母对他们的生活非常关心的研究参与者，与没有父母保护的同龄人相比，不会经历同样的健康问题。空处应为并列连词，连接两个并列谓语“grew up”和“had”；根据句意，两者之间应为转折关系，故应用but。故填but。
【64题详解】
考查介词。句意：在不安全的环境中长大，但父母对他们的生活非常关心的研究参与者，与没有父母保护的同龄人相比，不会经历同样的健康问题。空处应为介词，后接名词短语“their peers”作宾语；固定短语the 表示“和……一样……”，符合句意。故填as。
【65题详解】
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：研究人员说，父母让孩子宵禁并监督他们的朋友群的孩子很可能受到更好的保护，免受吸烟或饮酒等终身影响的有害行为的影响。空处应为谓语，根据“gave”、“mnitred”和句意可知，应为一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作；主语“the children”和动词prtect之间应为被动关系，表示“孩子被保护得更好”，谓语动词为复数形式。故填were prtected。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华， 你校英语俱乐部开展主题为“The beauty f China”的短视频(shrt vide)征集活动，请写信给留学生朋友 Chris告知他相关信息。内容包括：
1.活动介绍；
2.视频要求；
3.鼓励参加。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jn,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Chris,
I hpe this letter finds yu well. I am writing t infrm yu abut the “The Beauty f China” shrt vide cntest being rganized by ur schl’s English club and I strngly recmmend yu give it a sht.
Participants are required t create a shrt vide that captures the essence f the cuntry’s beauty, highlighting its rich cultures and inspiring thers t appreciate its charm. The vide must be n lnger than three minutes and the deadline fr the vide submissin is March 29th. I strngly encurage yu t participate in this cntest as it prvides an excellent pprtunity t shwcase yur creativity, learn mre abut Chinese culture, and ptentially win a prize. Mrever, it will be a great chance fr yu t cnnect with ther students and share yur experiences.
I’m lking frward t yur excellent perfrmance in the cntest!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写信给留学生朋友Chris，告知他校英语俱乐部开展的主题为“The beauty f China”的短视频(shrt vide)征集活动的相关信息。
【详解】1.词汇积累
希望：hpe→wish
竞赛：cntest→cmpetitin
激励：inspire→mtivate
欣赏：appreciate→admire
2.句式拓展
句型转换
原句：Participants are required t create a shrt vide that captures the essence f the cuntry’s beauty, highlighting its rich cultures and inspiring thers t appreciate its charm.
拓展句：Participants are required t create a shrt vide that captures the essence f the cuntry’s beauty, which highlights its rich cultures and inspires thers t appreciate its charm.
【高分句型1】Participants are required t create a shrt vide that captures the essence f the cuntry’s beauty, highlighting its rich cultures and inspiring thers t appreciate its charm. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】I strngly encurage yu t participate in this cntest as it prvides an excellent pprtunity t shwcase yur creativity, learn mre abut Chinese culture, and ptentially win a prize. (运用了as引导的原因状语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
An A fr Mrs. B
I was sitting next t Missy in my ninth-grade wrld histry class when Mrs. Bartlett annunced a new prject. In grups, we were t create a newspaper arund the culture we were studying.
On a piece f paper, we wrte the names f three friends we wanted in ur grup. After cllecting all the requests, Mrs. B. infrmed us that she wuld take int cnsideratin the names we chse and wuld let us knw the results the next day. I had n dubt I wuld get the grup f my chice. Only a few peple behaved nrmally in the class, and Missy was ne f them. I knew we had chsen each ther.
The next day, I anxiusly waited fr the class. After the bell rang, Missy and I stpped talking as Mrs. B called fr ur attentin. She started t call ut names. When she reached grup three, Missy’s name was called. S, I’m in grup three,I thught. The secnd, third and furth members f the grup were called. My name was nt included. There had t be sme mistake!
Then I heard it. The last grup: “Maur, Juliette, Rachel, Karina.” I culd feel the tears well in my eyes. Hw culd I face being in that grup—the by wh rarely spke English, the ne girl wh was always cvered by skirts that went dwn t her ankles, and the ther girl wh wre weird clthes. Oh, hw badly I wanted t be with my friends.
I fught back tears as I walked up t Mrs. B. She lked at me and knew what I was there fr. I was determined t cnvince her I shuld be in the “gd” grup. “Why. . . ?” I started.
She gently placed a hand n my shulder. “I knw what yu want, Karina,” she said, “but yur grup needs yu. I need yu t help them get a passing grade n this assignment. Only yu can help them.”
I was stunned. I was cnfused. I was amazed. She had seen smething in me I hadn’t seen.
“Will yu help them?” she asked.
I std straighter. “Yes,” I replied. I culdn’t believe it came ut f my muth, but it did. I had cmmitted.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para1:
I bravely walked t where the thers in my grup sat.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para2:
In the end, Mrs. B gave us an A n that assignment.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Pssible versin 1:
I bravely walked t where the thers in my grup sat. Encuraged by their big smiles, I sat dwn and led the prject. Accrding t persnal interests and what they were gd at, I assigned them with different clumns f the newspaper. Halfway thrugh it, I felt myself enjying the cmpany f these three peple. Gradually, I learned that Maur had few friends because he was struggling with the English language; Juliette wre lng skirts r dresses every day because f her religin; Rachel had a burning desire t be a fashin designer s she had a whle barrel f unique ideas. Finally, with ur cperatin, ur assignment was successfully finished.
In the end, Mrs. B gave us an A n that assignment. She annunced t the whle class that the newspaper designed by ur grup was elabrately laid ut and carefully edited, with rich cultural knwledge. Our jy and happiness were beynd descriptin. After that semester ended, I always received a friendly hell frm my grup. Many years later, I didn’t recall anything abut the newspaper, but I did feel frtunate t be given the pprtunity t see in myself a ptential that inspired my actins. It is Mrs B’s insight, visin and thughtfulness that bring ut the ptential in fur f her students. She is the ne wh truly deserves the grade A.
Pssible versin 2:
I bravely walked t where the thers in my grup sat. Resilient student as I was, I knew that in all my academic years, this seminar gt t be the hardest nut t crack. Even s, I felt relieved when I saw them beaming with delight at me. The very natural and heart-warming smiles culd hardly be ignred. Fllwing a few greetings, we plunged right int the task at hand. Sme were brainstrming a string f brilliant ideas while thers were investigating cultures n the Internet in an energy-draining yet wrthwhile manner. Teaming up with ne anther, everyne shared their passin and wisdm individually and cllectively.
In the end, Mrs B gave us an A n that assignment. It was thrilling t see ur painstaking effrts finally paid ff. We hugged tightly, sheer excitement radiating frm ur lightened cheeks. This cheerful episde lingered lng after the prject was cmpleted, serving as a sweet reminder f my new friends. Additinally, the whle rdealals set me reflecting n hw cnceited I had been t allw unreasnable grievances t dminate me in the first place. Thanks t Mrs. B, I’ve learned t appreciate thers’ inner strengths as well as enlightening minds. As such, I believe grade A shuld ultimately belng t Mrs. B, a real mentr with a keen understanding f what educatin is meant fr.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在完成小组任务时，老师有意地把作者分到一个较差的小组去带领他们完成任务，作者一开始并不情愿，但为了不辜负老师的信任，最终带领小组很好地完成了任务。期间，作者也对这些自己原来持有偏见的同学有了更深的认识，并由衷地感谢老师的安排。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我勇敢地走向我的组员的位置”可知，第一段可描写通过作者和其他成员的共同合作，最终完成了任务。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，Mrs. B给我们的作业评了A。”可知，第二段可描写作者的喜悦及感悟。
2续写线索：了解组员——消除疑惑——共同合作——完成任务——喜悦——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①鼓励：encurage/inspire/mtivate
②完成：finish/accmplish/cmplete
③想起：recall/remember/recllect
情绪类
①喜悦：jy/happiness/delight/enjyment
②友好：friendly/crdial/amicable
[高分句型1] Gradually, I learned that Maur had few friends because he was struggling with the English language（运用了that引导的宾语从句及because引导的原因状语从句。）
[高分句型2]It is Mrs B’s insight, visin and thughtfulness that bring ut the ptential in fur f her students.（运用了it 强调句的句型。）
考生注意：
1.本试卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，满分150分，考试时量120分钟。
2.试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两个部分，答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号、学校填在试题卷答题卡上。
3.选择题部分用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，回答非选择题部分时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试题卷上无效。
4.考试结束后请将答题卡上交。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man ding?
A. Reading.B. Shuting.C. Whispering.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Culd yu speak up, please? I can’t hear yu.
M: I have t speak very quietly because we are in a library.
W: Just be slightly clearer. After all, we dn’t have t shut t be heard.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers nw?
A. In a schl.B. At hme.C. On a bus.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Bye, Mm — I’m ff t schl! I wnder hw many peple will be there. Everyne keeps getting ill!
W: It’s the time f year that viruses seem t like. Keep washing yur hands and remember t wear yur mask n the bus! Bye!
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What des the man think f the test tmrrw?
A. It is imprtant.B. It is easy.C. It is unnecessary.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m starting t panic! Tmrrw’s test will decide which grup I’ll be in next year. It’s vital that I revise all my chemistry wrk tnight.
W: Take it easy. I knw it means a lt t yu, but all this nervus energy is unnecessary.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which party will the man vte fr?
A. The green party.B. The blue party.C. The red party.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m nt sure wh t vte fr. The green party aims t help the envirnment, but the blue party puts the ecnmy first.
W: Hw abut the red party? Their fcus is n scial imprvement.
M: The planet’s wildlife is imprtant t me... S, I’ve gt the answer.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What des the wman suggest the man d?
A. Surprise his grandfather.
B. Find ut his grandfather’s wisdm.
C. Help his grandfather t find his keys.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: My grandfather says the lder yu get, the wiser yu get. But he’s always frgetting things, like where he put his keys.
W: Being frgetful desn’t mean he’s nt wise. Talk with him and listen t what he has learned in life. It may surprise yu.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Mther and sn.B. Fellw engineers.C. Teacher and student.
7. What happened when the man used the machine?
A. It spread butter n tast.
B. It mixed butter with jam.
C. It drpped butter nt the flr.
【答案】6. A 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ve always wanted t help yu with the husewrk.
W: Oh, yu’re s sweet, dear.
M: S I’ve invented a machine that will help yu make breakfast.
W: What is it?
M: It’s called the “Butter Spreader”. I designed it in the engineering class. It’s a knife attached t a mtr. It can spread butter n tast. Of curse, it can spread jam t — r butter and jam. My teacher said it was very unique.
W: Sunds interesting!
M: Here it is. Watch hw it is used.
W: Oh dear, is the butter suppsed t be thrwn nt the flr like that?
M: N. Perhaps I need t make sme changes…
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Hw lng has the wman been waiting here?
A. 15 minutes.B. 20 minutes.C. 25 minutes.
9. Why is the wman ging t twn?
A. T get t wrk.B. T g shpping.C. T buy cmputer parts.
10. What will the man d later tday?
A. Have his cmputer repaired.
B. G t the medical center.
C. Wrk n a reprt.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【原文】W: This bus is nt very reliable. I’ve been here since 11: 10 a.m. and it still hasn’t shwn up.
M: What time is it suppsed t be here?
W: Twenty past eleven, and nw it’s twenty-five past eleven! It’s really annying because my car brke dwn n the way hme frm wrk yesterday, s the bus is my nly way int twn t d my weekly grcery shpping.
M: I need t get t twn t get a keybard and a muse fr my cmputer. I usually buy things nline with my smartphne. But I have t finish an urgent reprt tday and I need t get back in time fr that. S this bus had better hurry up.
W: Hang n, is that it cming nw just past the medical center?
M: Yes! Thank gdness fr that!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Why did the man travel t England?
A. Fr an exchange prgram.
B. Fr a sprts cmpetitin.
C. Fr a family reunin.
12. What sprt will the man take Jsh t see?
A. Ftball.B. Basketball.C. Table tennis.
13. Hw did the man mainly feel during his trip?
A Tired.B. Excited.C. Scared.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B
【解析】
【原文】M: I traveled t England ver the summer and had a great time. I picked up s much f the language.
W: I bet it was tiring. Was it scary staying with smene yu didn’t knw?
M: Nt at all! It was Jsh and his family. I was paired with Jsh n the student exchange prject. He is such a great guy. His likes and interests are similar t mine, s we sn became gd friends.
W: What srts f interests?
M: We’re bth int sprts, particularly ftball and basketball. Plus, his dad tk us t a Premier League match in Lndn, which was incredible. It was Arsenal against Manchester United! It ended 3-1 t Arsenal, s Jsh was really happy as that’s his team.
W: Oh, ww!
M: He said if I cme again, we’ll watch a Liverpl game as they’re my team. But he’s cming t China first! We’re planning t watch a Table Tennis Club Super League match tgether!
W: Sunds like yu’ve made a friend fr life!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Wh is the wman?
A. A writer.B. A publisher.C. A radi hstess.
15. What style f cmic des Jin Oka write?
A. Japanese.B. American.C. Chinese.
16. Which character des Jin Oka like best?
A. Spider-Man.B. Irn Man.C. Batman.
17. What will the speakers d first?
A. Read a cmic bk.B. Rest fr a while.C. Watch a vide.
【答案】14. C 15. B 16. C 17. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hell, and welcme t “Ask the Writer”, the shw that puts yur questins t members f the writing wrld. Tday’s guest is Jin Oka, wh has been writing cmics fr mre than twenty years. It’s gd t have yu n the shw, Jin.
M: It’s gd t be here.
W: Jin, yu were riginally frm Japan and mved t America when yu were ten years ld. Yu began selling yur stry ideas t Marvel when yu were just thirteen, s yu weren’t in America that lng befre making an impressin.
M: Yes, that’s right. I had grwn up reading Japanese cmics but sn turned t Marvel, which is an American cmic publisher. When my dad gt a jb in New Yrk, I was s excited and gt int writing immediately.
W: Great stuff. Okay, let’s g t ur listeners’ questins. The first ne is frm Chen wh lives in Wuhan, China. She asks, “Wh is yur favrite superher?”
M: Oh, great questin! I fell in lve with characters like Spider-Man, Superman, and the Hulk frm an early age, but the clest superher is Batman.
W: He’s great, thugh Irn Man is my particular favrite! Keep listening, because after the break we’ll ask Jin abut his new YuTube channel fr cmic lvers. Dn’t g away!
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What is the talk mainly abut?
A. An inspiring stry.B. A wrld recrd.C. A family reunin.
19. Why did Jnny nearly fall ver?
A. He gt tired and weak.
B. He was pushed by anther athlete.
C. He was verexcited at nearing the finish line.
20. What place did Jnny get in the race?
A. First.B. Secnd.C. Third.
【答案】18. A 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Befre yu run this marathn tday, let me share smething with yu. In September 2016, a running event that wuld g dwn in sprting histry tk place. It was the Wrld Triathln Series in Mexic and the Brwnlee brthers were bth cmpeting in the final race. With abut 700 meters left, Jnny, the yunger f the tw brthers, was leading by sme distance. But as he neared the finish line, it was bvius smething was wrng. He was mving frm side t side and was abut t fall ver. Weakened frm the ht weather, his bdy culd nt g n. The runner behind him went past him. And then, just when all hpe was lst and he was falling t the grund, he was caught by the third-placed runner.
When Jnny lked up, he culd see that the runner was his lder brther Alistair, wh had stpped t help. Tgether, the brthers ran the rest f the race arm in arm. The brthers crssed the line t the cheers f everyne in the crwd. Alistair pushed Jnny ahead s that his brther culd take secnd place. It was ne f the mst remarkable and mving mments in the histry f wrld sprts.
Nw g ut there and d yur best!
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Skywalk at the Grand Canyn West Rim
Head t the breathtaking Skywalk at the Grand Canyn West Rim fr an unfrgettable view 4,000 feet abve the Canyn flr. With trust in ur wrld-famus Gray Line blue diamnd, yu can be cnfident f knwing that this will be a truly memrable day!
Please Nte
If a mtr cach with a lift is required, we must have a 72-hur prir ntificatin t the date f travel.
Service dgs are allwed t travel with the crrect and current paperwrk.
All reservatins must be cnfirmed 24 hurs prir t the travel date.
Cameras are nt allwed n the Skywalk.
Tur Overview
Pass by Diamnd Bar Ranch lcated between the grand Canyn and Jshua Tree Frest in the state. This histric ranch cvers an area f arund 106,000 acres.
At the Grand Canyn West Rim, visit the Hualapai Indian Cuntry and take advantage f the many pht pprtunities with yur hsts, The Hualapai Indians. Meet the Hualapai Indians in full tribal (BB) dr ess and frm the traditinal dance.
Visit guan pint. There are relics f a histric tram that stretched 8, 800 feet acrss the grand Canyn t a guan mine.
Visit Eagle Pint. Besides experiencing the latest attractin — the Grand Canyn Skywalk, yu can als dine at the newly pened Skywalk Cafe verlking the grand Canyn fr a truly unique lunch experience
After apprximately 4 hurs at the West Rim, we'll return t the Las Vegas htel—there's n better way t spend yur day!
21. What if a blind man with a guide dg intends t take the tur?
A. He shuld infrm the cmpany ahead
B. He shuld pay extra mney fr the dg
C. He shuld cnfirm his reservatin in advance
D. He shuld prvide related dcuments abut the dg
22. What can turists d in the Hualapai Indian Cuntry?
A. Taste unique lcal cuisine.B. Take pictures with the lcals
C. Dance with the Hualapai IndiansD. Try n the traditinal tribal dress
23. Where can visitrs have a wnderful view ver the grand Canyn?
A. Eagle PintB. Guan pint
C. Jshua Tree FrestD. Diamnd Bar ranch
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。文章介绍了大峡谷空中步道旅游信息和注意事项。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Please Nte部分“Service dgs are allwed t travel with the crrect and current paperwrk.(携带当前有效证件的服务犬可以进入景区旅行)”可知，携带服务犬的游客需要提供服务犬的相关文件。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tur Overview部分“At the Grand Canyn West Rim, visit the Hualapai Indian Cuntry and take advantage f the many pht pprtunities with yur hsts, The Hualapai Indians.(在大峡谷西缘，参观瓦拉派印第安人部落，抓住机会与您的东道主瓦拉派印第安人拍照) ”可知，在Hualapai Indian Cuntry，游客可以与当地印第安人合影。故选B项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tur Overview部分“Visit Eagle Pint. Besides experiencing the latest attractin — the Grand Canyn Skywalk, yu can als dine at the newly pened Skywalk Cafe verlking the grand Canyn fr a truly unique lunch experience(老鹰崖。除了体验最新的景点——大峡谷空中步道，您还可以在新开的Skywalk咖啡厅用餐，俯瞰大峡谷，享受真正独特的午餐体验)”可知，在Eagle Pint，游客可以在Skywalk咖啡厅俯瞰大峡谷。故选A项。
B
Ask bacteria where they’d like t live, and they’ll answer: a kitchen spnge (海绵), please.
Spnges are the best place fr bacteria, capable f husing 54 billin bacteria per cubic centimeter. In additin t being damp, airy and laded with fd remains, spnges prvide a perfect physical envirnment fr bacteria.
Just like humans, bacteria prefer different levels f interactins with their peers. Sme bacteria are mre scial, while thers prefer staying alne. Researchers fund that middling levels f separatin—similar t that fund in a spnge—maximize the diversity f the cmmunity.
Scientists separated different bacterial strains(菌株), which had been engineered t give light, int cmpartments(隔间). The wrk shwed that an envirnment with a middling number f cmpartments prmtes the mst diversity.
Kitchen spnge, with all kinds f large and small hles, nt nly ffer an ideal number f cmpartments fr bacteria, but als prvide a range f varying-sized parties that can suit mre f the bacteria’s needs. In experiments with a kitchen spnge, the researchers fund that the resulting bacterial cmmunity was mre diverse than thse prduced in liquid cultures, a cmmn methd f grwing bacteria in a labratry.
Frtunately, the bacteria partying in yur spnge are mstly nnpathgenic. But if dangerus bacteria d shw up, the spnge’s special structure will prbably help them thrive.
“Spnges are nt really well-suited fr kitchen” says Markus Egert, a micrbilgist, wh did nt take part in the study.“There is hardly any surface withut bacteria at hme, but the kitchen spnge is prbably the mst ppulated item at hme.”
The gd news is that it’s easy t slve the prblem. Brushes are a much safer alternative. And if yu lve yur spnge, dn’t use it fr meat juices. N need t invite bad bacteria t the party.
24. What is the functin f the first paragraph?
A. Intrducing the tpic f the text.
B. Drawing a scientific cnclusin.
C. Cmparing bacteria with human beings.
D. Prviding a better envirnment fr bacteria.
25. What can be inferred frm the experiment?
A. Bacteria can be remved frm hme.
B. Bacteria prefer t reprduce in large spaces.
C. Kitchen spnges will sn be replaced by brushes.
D. Kitchen spnges are ideal items t prduce bacteria.
26. What des the underlined wrd “nnpathgenic” mean in Paragraph 6?
A. DifferentB. SafeC. HealthyD. Destructive
27. Where is the passage mst likely taken frm?
A. A ckbkB. A magazineC. A textbkD. An advertisement
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。从科学角度介绍了厨房的海绵是产生细菌的理想物。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段“Ask bacteria where they’d like t live, and they’ll answer: a kitchen spnge (海绵), please. (如果你问细菌它们想生活在哪里，它们会回答：请给我一块厨房海绵。)”以及第二段首句“Spnges are the best place fr bacteria, capable f husing 54 billin bacteria per cubic centimeter. (海绵是细菌的最佳栖息地，每立方厘米能容纳540亿个细菌。)”可知，厨房的海绵是细菌的最佳栖息地。且纵观全文，都是在介绍这一话题，由此可推知，第一段的作用是引起文章主题。故选A。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段末句“The wrk shwed that an envirnment with a middling number f cmpartments prmtes the mst diversity. (研究表明，具有中等数量隔间的环境促进了最大的多样性。)”以及第五段首句“Kitchen spnge, with all kinds f large and small hles, nt nly ffer an ideal number f cmpartments fr bacteria, but als prvide a range f varying-sized parties that can suit mre f the bacteria’s needs. (厨房海绵，有各种大小的孔，不仅为细菌提供了理想数量的隔间，而且还提供了一系列不同大小的聚会，可以满足更多细菌的需求。)”可知，厨房海绵是产生细菌的理想物品。故选D。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。根据倒数第三段“Frtunately, the bacteria partying in yur spnge are mstly nnpathgenic. But if dangerus bacteria d shw up, the spnge’s special structure will prbably help them thrive. (幸运的是，在海绵里聚会的细菌大多是 。但如果危险的细菌真的出现了，海绵的特殊结构可能会帮助它们茁壮成长。)”可知，“But”前后为对照关系，其后为“dangerus”，故划线词应为反义词，故为“安全的”。故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段“Ask bacteria where they’d like t live, and they’ll answer: a kitchen spnge (海绵), please. (如果你问细菌它们想生活在哪里，它们会回答：请给我一块厨房海绵。)”以及纵观全文可知，全篇介绍厨房的海绵是细菌的最佳栖息地。此话题最有可能出现在杂志上。故选B。
C
Eugene Newman Parker, a leading figure in helispheric(日球层的) physics fr the past half century, passed away peacefully at his hme in Chicag n Mar. 15. He was 94.
Hailed(誉为) as a visinary in the field f heliphysics, Parker revlutinized ur understanding f the sun and its effects n Earth and ther bdies within the slar system. NASA even stated that “the field f heliphysics exists in large part because f Dr. Eugene Parker. In 2018, Parker became the first living scientist t witness the launch f a spacecraft that was named in his hnr.
Parker is best knwn fr his grundbreaking thery n the existence f a phenmenn called “slar wind”, a cntinuus stream f charged particles that flw ff the sun. It can becme vilent, causing space weather that impacts the Earth. When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his thery was initially met with skepticism(怀疑) and ridicule by the scientific cmmunity. The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an abslute vacuum(真空), and was thus cmpletely empty f any matter. But, there were n errrs in his study r his calculatins, and the thery was later prven t be crrect in 1962, when a NASA spacecraft missin t Venus revealed the cnstant presence f a supersnic wind—exactly as Parker had predicted.
That experience likely led t the advice Parker ften gave yung researchers: “If yu d smething new r innvative, expect truble. But think critically abut it because if yu’re wrng, yu want t be the first ne t knw that.” Parker never c-authred a paper with his students, thus urging them t be independent.
Parker was humble, straightfrward, and wise. His sn Eric said, “My sister Jyce and I didn’t get a real feel fr what a ‘big dg’ ur dad was in the field.” They gt an even better sense when a mnth after Parker’s death, they traveled t Lund, Sweden, t accept n his behalf the Crafrd Prize in Astrnmy.
28. What can we learn frm the secnd paragraph?
A. A spacecraft was named in memry f Parker.
B. The sun has less effects n Earth than expected.
C. Parker deserved credit fr his great cntributins.
D. NASA prvided new insights int the lunar effect.
29. Why did peple view Parker’s thery f “slar wind” skeptically at first?
A. It went against the ppular pinin at that time.
B. Sme mistakes were fund in his calculatins.
C. The presence f a supersnic wind was prven by NASA.
D. Matter was believed t exist in the space between planets.
30. What did Parker suggest yung researchers d?
A. seek clse cperatinB. avid high expectatins
C. learn by trial and errrD. cmpete against thers
31. What wrds can be used t describe Parker accrding t the passage?
A. straightfrward and generusB. respnsible and accessible
C. intelligent yet cnservativeD. distinguished yet mdest
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了日球物理学的领军人物，尤金·纽曼·帕克的贡献以及他对年轻人的影响。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Parker revlutinized ur understanding f the sun and its effects n Earth and ther bdies within the slar system. (帕克彻底改变了我们对太阳及其对地球和太阳系内其他天体的影响的认识。)”以及“NASA even stated that “the field f heliphysics exists in large part because f Dr. Eugene Parker. (美国宇航局甚至表示，“太阳物理学领域的存在在很大程度上要归功于尤金·帕克博士。”)”可知，帕克对整个日球物理学领域做出了极大的贡献，他是值得赞扬的。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“ When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his thery was initially met with skepticism(怀疑) and ridicule by the scientific cmmunity.(当帕克的研究成果于1958年发表时，他的理论最初遭到了科学界的质疑和嘲笑。)”以及“The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an abslute vacuum(真空), and was thus cmpletely empty f any matter. (当时的普遍观点是，行星之间的空间是绝对真空的，因此完全没有任何物质。)”可知，人们起初对帕克的“太阳风”理论持怀疑态度，因为它违背了当时的流行观点。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“That experience likely led t the advice Parker ften gave yung researchers: “If yu d smething new r innvative, expect truble. But think critically abut it because if yu’re wrng, yu want t be the first ne t knw that.” (这段经历可能导致了帕克经常给年轻研究人员的建议：“如果你做了一些新的或创新的事情，预计会有麻烦。但要批判性地思考，因为如果你错了，你想成为第一个知道这一点的人。”)”可知，帕克给年轻人的建议是从错误和尝试中学习。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hailed(誉为) as a visinary in the field f heliphysics, Parker revlutinized ur understanding f the sun and its effects n Earth and ther bdies within the slar system. (被誉为作为太阳物理学领域的梦想家，帕克彻底改变了我们对太阳及其对地球和太阳系内其他天体影响的理解。)”以及根据最后一段中“Parker was humble, straightfrward, and wise.( 帕克谦逊、直率、睿智。)”可知，帕克是杰出但谦逊的。故选D。
D
Zlgists studied the nervus systems f insects t investigate principles f bilgical brain cmputatin and pssible effects n machine learning and artificial intelligence. Specifically, they analysed hw insects learn t assciate sensry infrmatin in their envirnment with a fd reward, and hw they can recall this infrmatin later in rder t slve cmplex tasks such as the search fr fd.
Living rganisms shw remarkable abilities in cping with prblems psed by cmplex and dynamic envirnments. They are able t generalize their experiences in rder t rapidly adapt their behaviur when the envirnment changes. The zlgists investigated hw the nervus system f the fruit fly cntrls its behaviur when searching fr fd.
Using a cmputer mdel, they simulated(模拟) and analysed the cmputatins in the fruit fly’s nervus system in respnse t scents cming frm the fd surce. They initially trained their mdel f the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulatin tgether with a reward and a secnd scent withut a reward.
“The mdel rapidly learns a strng representatin f the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentatins and is then able t find the surce f this scent in a cmplex envirnment,” said cmputer scientist Dr Hannes Rapp, wh created the mdel.
The mdel created is thus capable f generalizing frm its memry and t apply what it has learned previusly in a cmpletely new and cmplex envirnment, while learning required nly a very small database f training samples.
The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks.
32. What is the aim f the research?
A. T analyse the applicatin f bilgical brain cmputatin principles.
B. T seek prmtin f machine learning and artificial intelligence.
C. T shed light n hw the nervus systems f insects wrk.
D. T uncver hw insects apply sensry infrmatin in search f fd.
33. Which statement abut the research methd is NOT TRUE?
A. The researchers cllected the data by using a cmputer mdel.
B. The researchers fcused n hw the fruit fly’s nervus system reacts t scents.
C. The researchers trained the mdel in the same way as training fruit flies.
D. The researchers presented tw different scents t carry ut a cntrl experiment.
34. What d the results f the research imply?
A. Insects’ nervus systems are mre sensitive t particular scents.
B. Artificial intelligence is significant t bilgical brain research.
C. Sensry infrmatin is widely applied in machine learning.
D. Research n insect brain can cntribute t AI develpment.
35. What is the main purpse f the text?
A. T present predictins abut the future f machine learning.
B. T illustrate the methd and findings f a scientific study.
C. T call n mre research n insect brain and behavir.
D. T intrduce a practical methd f insect research.
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。昆虫的神经系统能获取并将感官性信息转换为记忆，控制其行为来完成如觅食这样的复杂任务，动物学家通过研究这一过程，寻求其对未来机器学习和人工智能的启发。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“Zlgists studied the nervus systems f insects t investigate principles f bilgical brain cmputatin and pssible effects n machine learning and artificial intelligence (动物学家研究了昆虫的神经系统，以研究生物大脑计算的原理以及对机器学习和人工智能的可能影响)”最后一段“The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks. (研究结果表明，将感觉信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激励未来的机器学习和人工智能应用于解决复杂任务。)可知，动物学家研究昆虫神经系统的目的是研究生物大脑计算的原理和对机器学习及人工智能的可能影响。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“They presented a specific scent in the simulatin tgether with a reward and a secnd scent withut a reward. (他们在模拟中呈现了一种特定的气味以及奖励，而第二种气味则没有奖励。)”可知，研究过程中确实使用了两种气味，但研究方法并非对照实验，而只是测试该模型对于有奖励的气味的反应。因此，关于研究方法的说法是不正确的是D项“研究人员提出了两种不同的气味来进行对照实验”。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks. (研究结果表明，将感觉信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激励未来的机器学习和人工智能应用于解决复杂任务。)”可知，研究的结果表明，大脑中感官性信息转换为记忆能够启示未来机器学习和人工智能在解决复杂任务中的运用，因此，对昆虫大脑的研究能促进人工智能的发展，故选D。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。本文全文皆在介绍一项研究，从研究目的到研究方法，再到研究结果，文章第三段讲到“Using a cmputer mdel, they simulated(模拟) and analysed the cmputatins in the fruit fly’s nervus system in respnse t scents cming frm the fd surce. (他们使用计算机模型模拟和分析了果蝇神经系统对食物来源气味的反应。)”以及最后一段“The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks. (研究结果表明，将感觉信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激励未来的机器学习和人工智能应用于解决复杂任务。)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是说明科学研究的方法和发现。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The infrmatin age has reached a critical pint, with AI’s superir cmputatin ability surpassing that f humans. A reprt released by Gldman Sachs in March 2023 estimated that AI is capable f ding a quarter f all the wrk currently dne by humans. ___36___ It wuld nt just happen t individuals, but it culd be pretty systematic. Acrss the Eurpean Unin and US, the reprt further ntes, 300 millin jbs are expected t be lst t autmatin.
___37___ Accrding t Martin Frd, authr f Rule f the Rbts: Hw Artificial Intelligence Will Transfrm Everything, three categries are ging t be relatively secure in the freseeable future. ___38___ That means yu’re nt ding frmulaic (程式化的) wrk r just rearranging things, but generating new ideas. Fr example, in the field f science, where yur jb is cming up with a nvel strategy r slutin, there’s ging t be a place fr human beings.
The secnd categry is jbs that require sphisticated interpersnal relatinships like nurses, business cnsultants and investigative jurnalists. These are jbs where yu need a very deep understanding f peple. ___39___
The third safe zne includes jbs that really require lts f mbility and prblem-slving ability in unpredictable envirnments. Electricians, plumbers, welders (焊工) and the like all fall under this umbrella, where yu’re dealing with different situatins all the time.
In shrt, seeking rles in dynamic, shifting envirnments that include unpredictable tasks is gd way t avid jb lss t AI, at least, fr a while. It’s imprtant t nte that an advanced educatin is nt a defense against AI takever. In many cases, mre educated wrkers are ging t be mre threatened than even the least educated wrkers. ___40___ It’s really hard t autmate that jb.
A. That culd be terrible.
B. Hwever, they are nt cming fr all jbs.
C. Thankfully, there are still things AI isn’t capable f.
D. The first wuld be jbs that are genuinely creative.
E. Think f the persn that cleans htel rms.
F. That desn’t necessarily mean all jbs that are cnsidered “creative” are safe.
G. It’ll be a lng time befre AI has the ability t really build relatinships and interact.
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. D 39. G 40. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些人工智能无法做到的工作。
【36题详解】
上文“A reprt released by Gldman Sachs in March 2023 estimated that AI is capable f ding a quarter f all the wrk currently dne by humans. (Gldman Sachs于2023年3月发布的一份报告估计，人工智能能够完成目前人类所做工作的四分之一。)”以及下文“It wuld nt just happen t individuals, but it culd be pretty systematic. (这不仅会发生在个人身上，而且可能是相当系统的。)”说明这个现象很可怕，因此A项“这太可怕了”符合语境，故选A。
【37题详解】
下文“Accrding t Martin Frd, authr f Rule f the Rbts: Hw Artificial Intelligence Will Transfrm Everything, three categries are ging t be relatively secure in the freseeable future. (《机器人规则：人工智能将如何改变一切》一书的作者马丁·福特表示，在可预见的未来，三类机器人将相对安全。)”说明的是仍然有人工智能无法做到的三大类工作，因此C项“谢天谢地，还有一些事情是人工智能无法做到的”概括段意，故选C。
【38题详解】
上文“three categries are ging t be relatively secure in the freseeable future. (在可预见的未来，这三个类别将相对安全。)”以及下文“The secnd categry is jbs that require sphisticated interpersnal relatinships like nurses, business cnsultants and investigative jurnalists. (第二类是需要复杂人际关系的工作，如护士、商业顾问和调查记者。)”说明此处需要承接上文，并引出之后两段的另外两种工作，因此D项“首先是真正有创造力的工作”符合语境，故选D。
【39题详解】
上文“The secnd categry is jbs that require sphisticated interpersnal relatinships like nurses, business cnsultants and investigative jurnalists. These are jbs where yu need a very deep understanding f peple. (第二类是需要复杂人际关系的工作，如护士、商业顾问和调查记者。在这些工作中，你需要对人有非常深入的了解。)” 说明第二类工作相对安全是因为它们需要对人有深入的了解，G项“人工智能还需要很长时间才能真正建立关系和互动。”进一步解释第二类工作可能不受人工智能威胁的原因，故选G。
【40题详解】
上文“In many cases, mre educated wrkers are ging t be mre threatened than even the least educated wrkers. (在许多情况下，受教育程度更高的工人将比受教育程度最低的工人受到更大的威胁。)”以及下文“It’s really hard t autmate that jb. (要使那项工作自动化真的很难)” 中it指代空处提及的工作，说明使酒店打扫工作自动化很难，即受到人工智能的威胁小，因此E项“想想那个打扫酒店房间的人吧。”举例说明具体的不需要高学历的工作，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was 4 ’clck in the mrning when I received the phne call.
“This is the emergency rm calling and yur sn was just____41____in with serius burns n his face, neck and arms.” The dctr described the____42____, which caused the burns. At 6 a.m., my sn and his friends decided t barbecue hamburgers in the curtyard f their apartment. Unfrtunately, the charcal burst int flames because they had sprayed t much petrl. The flames____43____my sn’s shirt tail and sht frm his waist t well ver his head.
Frtunately, ne f the bys was quick- minded, grasped my sn, and____44____him n the grass. While it saved his life, there was nt enugh____45____t save him frm fearful burns and the terrible scars (伤疤).
After he recvered frm the treatments, the dctrs tld him they wuld nt d plastic surgery (整形手术) fr 6 mnths ____46____ it tk that lng fr the skin t stp shrinking and wrinkling. S he had t return t cllege with typical scars f burns.
When I was a child my mther tld my sister wh had a very____47____10-inch scar n her arm, “Nancy, if yu ignre the scar, ther peple will ignre it. It des nt mean they will nt____48____it, but it means it will nt matter t them if it desn’t matter t yu.”
I____49____this wisdm n t my sn. He tk my advice t his_____50_____and returned t schl with his head held high-glad he was alive. By the end f the six-mnth waiting perid, he felt that the scars did nt_____51_____, s he made the_____52_____t give up any plastic surgery.
We all have “scars” that we believe will_____53_____peple t keep away frm us. And we spend a lt f time thinking that if we lked different, r dressed differently, peple wuld like us better. But yu see, peple will nly judge yu by yur lks, r yur clthes, if yu are judging yurself by these_____54_____standards. Put yur imperfectins ut f yur mind and cncentrate n what yu value_____55_____yurself, and yur beauty will shine thrugh.
41. A. turnedB. givenC. brughtD. shwn
42. A. eventB. accidentC. reasnD. prcess
43. A. burnedB. heldC. tkD. attracted
44. A. pushedB. rlledC. drppedD. threw
45. A. spaceB. timeC. rmD. place
46. A. ifB. whileC. becauseD. althugh
47. A. specificB. vilentC. bviusD. cruel
48. A. mentinB. nticeC. rejectD. blame
49. A. passedB. keptC. handledD. sent
50. A. bkB. lifeC. spiritD. heart
51. A. grwB. existC. matterD. appear
52. A. attemptB. effrtC. decisinD. cnclusin
53. A. inviteB. causeC. allwD. remind
54. A. casualB. tughC. falseD. general
55. A. byB. verC. beyndD. within
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. C 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. C 53. B 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述作者的儿子由于一场意外，烧伤了自己留下了疤痕。在作者的鼓励下，作者更专注于内心的美丽，不在意身上的伤疤，而放弃做整容手术的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这里是急诊室，你的儿子刚刚被送来，他的脸、脖子和手臂都严重烧伤。”A. turned转动；B. given给；C. brught带来；D. shwn展示。根据后文的“serius burns n his face, neck and arms”可知，作者的儿子受伤严重，可推知被送进急诊室。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：医生描述了造成烧伤的事故。A. event事件；B. accident 意外事故；C. reasn 理由；D. prcess过程。根据前文的“serius burns n his face, neck and arms”可知，医生描述了事故。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：火焰烧着了我儿子的衬衫尾巴，从他的腰部一直烧到他的头顶。A. burned烧；B. held拿住；C. tk拿走；D. attracted吸引。根据前文的“serius burns n his face, neck and arms”和后文“my sn’s shirt tail and sht frm his waist t well ver his head”可知，火焰烧到了作者的儿子。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运是，其中一个男孩反应敏捷，抓住了我的儿子，把他滚到草地上。A. pushed推；B. rlled使……转动，滚动；C. drpped掉下；D. threw抛。根据后文的“While it saved his life”可知，一个男孩的行为救了作者儿子的命，根据常识可知，身上着火时，在地上滚动可以灭火。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然它救了他的命，但没有足够的时间把他从可怕的烧伤和可怕的伤疤中拯救出来。A. space空间；B. time时间；C. rm房间；D. place地方。根据后文的“frm fearful burns and the terrible scars”可推知，没有足够的时间把作者的儿子从烧伤中救出来。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：在他从治疗中恢复过来后，医生告诉他，他们将在6个月内不做整形手术，因为皮肤需要很长时间才能停止萎缩和起皱纹。A. if如果；B. while当……时候；C. because因为；D. althugh尽管。根据后文的“it tk that lng fr the skin t stp shrinking and wrinkling”可推知，皮肤需要很长时间才能停止萎缩和起皱纹是前面不能在6个月内做整形手术的原因。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我妈妈告诉我妹妹，她的手臂上有一个非常明显的10英寸的伤疤。A. specific特定的；B. vilent暴力的；C. bvius明显的；D. cruel残酷的。根据后文的“10-inch scar n her arm”可知，10英寸的伤疤很明显。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：这并不意味着他们不会注意到，而是意味着如果你不留意，他们也不在乎。A. mentin提到；B. ntice留意；C. reject拒绝；D. blame责怪。根据后文的“but it means it will nt matter t them if it desn’t matter t yu”可知，如果你不留意，别人也不在意。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把这个智慧传给了我的儿子。A. passed传递；B. kept保持；C. handled解决；D. sent发送。根据后文的“t my sn”可知，作者将这个智慧传递给自己儿子。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把我的建议牢记于心，昂首挺胸地回到学校，庆幸自己还活着。A. bk书；B. life生活；C. spirit精神；D. heart心。根据后文的“returned t schl with his head held high-glad he was alive”可推知，作者儿子将作者的话牢记于心，才能在身上有伤疤的情况下昂首挺胸地回到学校。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在六个月的等待期结束时，他觉得伤疤并不要紧，所以他决定放弃任何整形手术。A. grw长大；B. exist存在；C. matter要紧；D. appear出现。根据后文的“give up any plastic surgery”可知，作者的儿子觉得伤疤并不要紧，所以放弃整形手术。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在六个月的等待期结束时，他觉得伤疤并不重要，所以他决定放弃任何整形手术。A. attempt尝试；B. effrt努力；C. decisin决定；D. cnclusin结论。根据后文的“give up any plastic surgery”可知，作者的儿子觉得伤疤并不要紧，所以放弃整形手术。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都有“伤疤”，我们相信这些伤疤会导致别人远离我们。A. invite邀请；B. cause导致；C. allw允许；D. remind提醒。根据后文的“keep away frm us”可知，伤疤会导致别人远离我们。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是你看，如果你用这些错误的标准来评判自己，人们只会用你的外表或衣服来评判你。A. casual随便的；B. tugh艰苦的；C. false错误的；D. general普遍的。根据前文的“ judge yu by yur lks, r yur clthes”可知，如果用这些错误的标准来批判自己，人们只会用你的外表或衣服来评判你。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：把你的不完美抛诸脑后，专注于你所看重的自己的内心深处，你的美丽就会闪耀。A. by由；B. ver超过；C. beynd超出；D. within在……里。根据前文的“Put yur imperfectins ut f yur mind”和后文的“and yur beauty will shine thrugh”可知，把不完美抛诸脑后，专注于看重自己的内心深处，美丽就会闪耀。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Being a prtective parent culd set yur kids up fr a healthier life as an adult, accrding t new research frm the University f Gergia.
The natinal survey fllwed thusands f ____56____(individual) frm adlescence thrugh their mid-30s. It fund that letting yur kids knw yu have set limits and are keeping an eye n them ____57____(reduce) the risk f physical and mental health in adulthd. “This isn’t just the direct ‘knw where yur kids are’ type f parenting, and it’s nt helicpter parenting ____58____ makes a difference,” said Katherine Ehrlich, c-authr f the study.
The researchers fund a cnnectin between grwing up in a ____59____(little) safe envirnment and physical health limitatins in adulthd. “____60____ is a lt f research t shw that stressful experiences — fr example, feeling unsafe, nt getting the basic resurces that yu need in life r ____61____(expse) t neglect r abuse —____62____(literal) change hw yur bdy functins,” said Crall, a research assciate at Gergia State University.
The study participants wh grew up in unsafe envirnments ____63____ had parents wh were very invlved with their lives didn’t experience the same health prblems ____64____ their peers withut prtective parents. It is likely that the children whse parents gave them curfews (宵禁) and mnitred their friend grups ____65____(prtect) better frm harmful behavirs that wuld have lifelng effects, like smking r drinking, the researchers said.
【答案】56. individuals
57. reduces
58. that 59. less
60. There 61. being expsed
62. literally
63. but 64. as
65. were prtected
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了根据佐治亚大学的一项新研究，做一个保护孩子的父母可以让你的孩子长大后过上更健康的生活。
【56题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：这项全国性调查追踪了数千名从青春期到35岁左右的人。根据“thusands f”可知，空处应为名词复数，作宾语；individual表示“个人、个体”，为可数名词，符合句意。故填individuals。
【57题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：研究发现，让你的孩子知道你已经设定了限制，并时刻关注着这些限制，可以降低他们成年后身心健康的风险。空处为谓语动词，由句意可知，应用一般现在时，表示客观事实；主语是动名词短语“letting yur kids knw...”，故谓语为单数，与动词reduce之间为主动关系。故填reduces。
【58题详解】
考查强调句。句意：“这不是直接的‘知道你的孩子在哪里’式的教育，也不是直升机式育儿带来改变，”这项研究的合著者Katherine Ehrlich说。本句为it 强调句型，强调主语“helicpter parenting”，故应用that。故填that。
【59题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：研究人员发现，在不太安全的环境中长大与成年后身体健康受限之间存在联系。空处应用副词，修饰形容词“safe”；根据下文“fr example, feeling unsafe, ”（例如，感到不安全），这里表示“不安全”，little的比较级less可作副词，less safe意为“更不安全、不太安全”，符合句意。故填less。
【60题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：“有很多研究表明，压力经历——例如，感觉不安全，无法获得生活所需的基本资源，或者受到忽视或虐待——确实会改变你的身体功能，”佐治亚州立大学的研究助理Crall说。根据句意，本句应为固定句型there be...，表示“有……”；句首字母大写。故填There。
【61题详解】
考查动名词。句意：同上。根据“r”可知，空处应与“feeling”和“nt getting”为并列成分，故应用动名词形式；expse为及物动词，表示“暴露、使显露”，固定短语be expsed t意为“暴露于、遭受”，符合句意，故应用being expsed t；故填being expsed。
【62题详解】
考查副词。句意：同上。空处应为副词，修饰动词“change”，作状语；literally为副词，表示“真正地、确实地”，符合句意。故填literally。
【63题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：在不安全的环境中长大，但父母对他们的生活非常关心的研究参与者，与没有父母保护的同龄人相比，不会经历同样的健康问题。空处应为并列连词，连接两个并列谓语“grew up”和“had”；根据句意，两者之间应为转折关系，故应用but。故填but。
【64题详解】
考查介词。句意：在不安全的环境中长大，但父母对他们的生活非常关心的研究参与者，与没有父母保护的同龄人相比，不会经历同样的健康问题。空处应为介词，后接名词短语“their peers”作宾语；固定短语the 表示“和……一样……”，符合句意。故填as。
【65题详解】
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：研究人员说，父母让孩子宵禁并监督他们的朋友群的孩子很可能受到更好的保护，免受吸烟或饮酒等终身影响的有害行为的影响。空处应为谓语，根据“gave”、“mnitred”和句意可知，应为一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作；主语“the children”和动词prtect之间应为被动关系，表示“孩子被保护得更好”，谓语动词为复数形式。故填were prtected。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华， 你校英语俱乐部开展主题为“The beauty f China”的短视频(shrt vide)征集活动，请写信给留学生朋友 Chris告知他相关信息。内容包括：
1.活动介绍；
2.视频要求；
3.鼓励参加。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jn,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Chris,
I hpe this letter finds yu well. I am writing t infrm yu abut the “The Beauty f China” shrt vide cntest being rganized by ur schl’s English club and I strngly recmmend yu give it a sht.
Participants are required t create a shrt vide that captures the essence f the cuntry’s beauty, highlighting its rich cultures and inspiring thers t appreciate its charm. The vide must be n lnger than three minutes and the deadline fr the vide submissin is March 29th. I strngly encurage yu t participate in this cntest as it prvides an excellent pprtunity t shwcase yur creativity, learn mre abut Chinese culture, and ptentially win a prize. Mrever, it will be a great chance fr yu t cnnect with ther students and share yur experiences.
I’m lking frward t yur excellent perfrmance in the cntest!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写信给留学生朋友Chris，告知他校英语俱乐部开展的主题为“The beauty f China”的短视频(shrt vide)征集活动的相关信息。
【详解】1.词汇积累
希望：hpe→wish
竞赛：cntest→cmpetitin
激励：inspire→mtivate
欣赏：appreciate→admire
2.句式拓展
句型转换
原句：Participants are required t create a shrt vide that captures the essence f the cuntry’s beauty, highlighting its rich cultures and inspiring thers t appreciate its charm.
拓展句：Participants are required t create a shrt vide that captures the essence f the cuntry’s beauty, which highlights its rich cultures and inspires thers t appreciate its charm.
【高分句型1】Participants are required t create a shrt vide that captures the essence f the cuntry’s beauty, highlighting its rich cultures and inspiring thers t appreciate its charm. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】I strngly encurage yu t participate in this cntest as it prvides an excellent pprtunity t shwcase yur creativity, learn mre abut Chinese culture, and ptentially win a prize. (运用了as引导的原因状语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
An A fr Mrs. B
I was sitting next t Missy in my ninth-grade wrld histry class when Mrs. Bartlett annunced a new prject. In grups, we were t create a newspaper arund the culture we were studying.
On a piece f paper, we wrte the names f three friends we wanted in ur grup. After cllecting all the requests, Mrs. B. infrmed us that she wuld take int cnsideratin the names we chse and wuld let us knw the results the next day. I had n dubt I wuld get the grup f my chice. Only a few peple behaved nrmally in the class, and Missy was ne f them. I knew we had chsen each ther.
The next day, I anxiusly waited fr the class. After the bell rang, Missy and I stpped talking as Mrs. B called fr ur attentin. She started t call ut names. When she reached grup three, Missy’s name was called. S, I’m in grup three,I thught. The secnd, third and furth members f the grup were called. My name was nt included. There had t be sme mistake!
Then I heard it. The last grup: “Maur, Juliette, Rachel, Karina.” I culd feel the tears well in my eyes. Hw culd I face being in that grup—the by wh rarely spke English, the ne girl wh was always cvered by skirts that went dwn t her ankles, and the ther girl wh wre weird clthes. Oh, hw badly I wanted t be with my friends.
I fught back tears as I walked up t Mrs. B. She lked at me and knew what I was there fr. I was determined t cnvince her I shuld be in the “gd” grup. “Why. . . ?” I started.
She gently placed a hand n my shulder. “I knw what yu want, Karina,” she said, “but yur grup needs yu. I need yu t help them get a passing grade n this assignment. Only yu can help them.”
I was stunned. I was cnfused. I was amazed. She had seen smething in me I hadn’t seen.
“Will yu help them?” she asked.
I std straighter. “Yes,” I replied. I culdn’t believe it came ut f my muth, but it did. I had cmmitted.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para1:
I bravely walked t where the thers in my grup sat.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para2:
In the end, Mrs. B gave us an A n that assignment.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Pssible versin 1:
I bravely walked t where the thers in my grup sat. Encuraged by their big smiles, I sat dwn and led the prject. Accrding t persnal interests and what they were gd at, I assigned them with different clumns f the newspaper. Halfway thrugh it, I felt myself enjying the cmpany f these three peple. Gradually, I learned that Maur had few friends because he was struggling with the English language; Juliette wre lng skirts r dresses every day because f her religin; Rachel had a burning desire t be a fashin designer s she had a whle barrel f unique ideas. Finally, with ur cperatin, ur assignment was successfully finished.
In the end, Mrs. B gave us an A n that assignment. She annunced t the whle class that the newspaper designed by ur grup was elabrately laid ut and carefully edited, with rich cultural knwledge. Our jy and happiness were beynd descriptin. After that semester ended, I always received a friendly hell frm my grup. Many years later, I didn’t recall anything abut the newspaper, but I did feel frtunate t be given the pprtunity t see in myself a ptential that inspired my actins. It is Mrs B’s insight, visin and thughtfulness that bring ut the ptential in fur f her students. She is the ne wh truly deserves the grade A.
Pssible versin 2:
I bravely walked t where the thers in my grup sat. Resilient student as I was, I knew that in all my academic years, this seminar gt t be the hardest nut t crack. Even s, I felt relieved when I saw them beaming with delight at me. The very natural and heart-warming smiles culd hardly be ignred. Fllwing a few greetings, we plunged right int the task at hand. Sme were brainstrming a string f brilliant ideas while thers were investigating cultures n the Internet in an energy-draining yet wrthwhile manner. Teaming up with ne anther, everyne shared their passin and wisdm individually and cllectively.
In the end, Mrs B gave us an A n that assignment. It was thrilling t see ur painstaking effrts finally paid ff. We hugged tightly, sheer excitement radiating frm ur lightened cheeks. This cheerful episde lingered lng after the prject was cmpleted, serving as a sweet reminder f my new friends. Additinally, the whle rdealals set me reflecting n hw cnceited I had been t allw unreasnable grievances t dminate me in the first place. Thanks t Mrs. B, I’ve learned t appreciate thers’ inner strengths as well as enlightening minds. As such, I believe grade A shuld ultimately belng t Mrs. B, a real mentr with a keen understanding f what educatin is meant fr.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在完成小组任务时，老师有意地把作者分到一个较差的小组去带领他们完成任务，作者一开始并不情愿，但为了不辜负老师的信任，最终带领小组很好地完成了任务。期间，作者也对这些自己原来持有偏见的同学有了更深的认识，并由衷地感谢老师的安排。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我勇敢地走向我的组员的位置”可知，第一段可描写通过作者和其他成员的共同合作，最终完成了任务。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，Mrs. B给我们的作业评了A。”可知，第二段可描写作者的喜悦及感悟。
2续写线索：了解组员——消除疑惑——共同合作——完成任务——喜悦——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①鼓励：encurage/inspire/mtivate
②完成：finish/accmplish/cmplete
③想起：recall/remember/recllect
情绪类
①喜悦：jy/happiness/delight/enjyment
②友好：friendly/crdial/amicable
[高分句型1] Gradually, I learned that Maur had few friends because he was struggling with the English language（运用了that引导的宾语从句及because引导的原因状语从句。）
[高分句型2]It is Mrs B’s insight, visin and thughtfulness that bring ut the ptential in fur f her students.（运用了it 强调句的句型。）
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