2024届高三英语二轮复习非谓语动词知识点及写作应用课件

这是一份2024届高三英语二轮复习非谓语动词知识点及写作应用课件，共42页。PPT课件主要包含了应用考情分析，left，leaving，Seen，climbing等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Nn- finite Verbs in Writing
教学目标：1.了解非谓语的常考形式2.能识别出成分3.能在给出的讲解中选择正确的非谓语形式即可该部分比较难，需要记忆对比的东西较多，本节课只需要理解即可
1．不定式的用法Xia Ming wants t becme① a basketball star and his dream is t play② basketball in the NBA.But he has s much hmewrk t d③.In rder t have④ mre time t play③ basketball，Xia Ming decides t study① hard t get④ a high scre.He really hpes that his father will allw him t play⑤ basketball every day.T make his dream cme true⑥ is nt easy.[规则感悟]　动词的不定式形式在句子中作什么成分：
①作宾语　②作表语　③作定语　④作状语　⑤作宾补　⑥作主语
2．动词-ing形式的用法Reading① is ne f Xia Meng’s hbbies.Since she was a child，she has been dreaming f becming② a writer.Last mnth，she read a bk describing③ lve between a prince and a sleeping④beauty—a girl whse gift was slving⑤ difficult prblems in her dreams.The girl ften fund herself slving⑥ prblems while sleeping⑦ sundly，making⑧ her partners shcked.The bk is very interesting⑤.Xia Meng really enjys reading② the nvel and imagines slving② difficult prblems in her wn dreams. [规则感悟]　动词-ing形式在句子中作什么成分：
①作主语　②作宾语　③作后置定语　④作前置定语　⑤作表语　⑥作宾补　⑦⑧作状语
3．过去分词的用法Praised① by my teacher，I felt pleased②.The reasn why I was praised was that I picked up a lst③ cellphne and returned it t the wner.The incident made my parents amazed④.[规则感悟]　动词的过去分词形式在句子中作什么成分：
①作状语　②作表语　③作定语　④作宾补
考点1.非谓语动词的时态语态 在英语中，一个主谓结构只能有一个谓语动词，再出现动词时，就要使用非谓语形式。
It is imprtant t recite (recite)wrds.背单词It is n use cmplaining (cmplain).Playing(play) n cellphne is my hbby.
I attempted t listen(listen) t the lessn carefully, but failed.I avid making(make) mistakes.Please remember t buy(buy) sme snacks fr childs tmrrw.I remeber lcking(lck) the dr.已经I get used t living(live) a peaceful life.
My aim is t g(g) t a key university.What I hate is t wear(wear) an autumn unifrm n a ht day.My hbby is playing(play) n cellphne.I am pleased t see yu. T see yu is pleasing.(please高兴)
t d,ding做主语
t d,ding做宾语
t d,ding，dne做表语
t d,ding，dne做定、补语
I see the hill dtted with cattle. I hear the sea rar. I let him finish hmewrk n time. The by sleeping in the bed is my sn.
区别：句式不同；一次性t d;长期性ding
定、补语区别（对名词进行补充或修饰）：a,b,c,d类词后是补语
考点2.非谓语动词的比较
A不定式和动名词作主语的比较1、不定式表示一次性的、具体的动作。动名词常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。2、不定式作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，即用句型： It is + adj. / n. + (fr / f sb. ) t d sth，It takes/tk sb.+时间/金钱+t d sth.3.而动名词常用于It + is+ n gd, n use, a waste f time/mney, fun, useless, nice, bring, flish, wrthwhile +ding句型。 eg.It is nt gd fr yu t smke （smke）s much.It is n gd smking(smke).
完成下列句子：①It's flish ____________________________(你相信他说的话)．②It's impssible ____________________________(他做这样的事)．③________(g) abrad is an hnur t me.④________(devte) t his wrk made him succeed. ①f yu t believe what he said　②fr him t d such a thing　　③Ging　④Being devted
（1）只接t d 作宾语的谓语动词
decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hpe/wishrefuse, manage/ attempt, care, pretendffer, prmise, chse, plan, aimagree, ask/ beg, help
决心学会想希望拒绝设法护假装主动答应选计目同意请求帮一帮
（2）只接ding 作宾语的谓语动词
avid，miss, pstpne/delayadvise/suggest，finish, practicecnsider, frbid, allw/permitmind, stand, keepenjy/appreciate, imagine/fancy, can’t helpadmit, deny, envyescape, risk, excuse/pardn
避免错过少延期建议完成多练习考虑禁止又允许介意忍受还继续欣赏想象禁不住承认否认与嫉妒逃避冒险莫原谅
B. 不定式、动名词作宾语的比较
（3）接不定式和接动名词意义不同的动词： remember t d记得去做 remember ding记得做过 frget t d忘记去做 frget ding忘记做过 regret t d遗憾去做 regret ding 后悔做过 try t d设法去做 try ding试着做,试验 g n t d继续做另一件事 g n ding 继续做同一件事 mean t d打算做 mean ding意味着做 stp t d停下来去做 stp ding停止做 can’t help (t) d 不能帮助做 can’t help ding 忍不住做
（4）t做介词，后用动名词(不用背 找到介词即可)
get used t ding sth. 习惯于做某事depend n ding sth. 取决于做某事think abut ding sth. 考虑做某事set abut ding sth. 着手/开始做某事succeed in ding sth. 成功做某事wrry abut ding sth. 担心某事devte ... t ding sth. 致力于做某事lk frward t ding sth. 期待做某事pay attentin t ding sth. 关注某事Eg.: I will think abut making a plan（做计划） fr learning English well.
1)动词不定式在but, except后面时，如果前有实意动词d的某种形式，那么后面的不定式不带t，否则要带。 We culd d nthing but wait. = We had nthing t d but wait.We had n chice but t wait.2)allw/advise/encurage/frbid/permit/recmmend+ding/sb t d两种3)sth need/want/require+ding/t be dne两种 4)be wrth ding = be wrthy+t be dne/f being dne
C.不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较（简单）
①不定式作表语，一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。②如果主语是以aim，duty，hpe，idea，happiness，jb，plan，prblem，purpse，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。③过去分词作表语，表示“感到，觉得”（包括人的表情），现在分词作表语，表示“令人……”。此类词有：embarrass，excite，interest，delight，disappint，encurage，inspire，please，puzzle，satisfy，surprise，wrry，cnvince等。
用所给词的适当形式填空：①His wish is ________(g) abrad.②The mst imprtant thing is ________(negtiate) with them abut the future f the plant.③What he shuld d is ________(wrk) hard.④He felt ________(embarrass) 【答案】 ①t g　②t negtiate　③t wrk 　④embarrassed
D.不定式、分词作宾语补足语的比较
a．可以用带t的不定式作宾补的动词常用的有: advise, allw,permit, ask, assign指派, cause, call n, cmmand命令,rder命令, direct, drive驱使, emply雇佣, enable, encurage, expect, frbid, get, infrm, invite, inspire, instruct指导, lead, blige逼迫,frce逼迫, persuade劝说, prepare, remind, require要求, request要求, recmmend, send, teach, tell, tempt诱惑, urge敦促, want, warn, wish.
区别：固定动词后，表意不同
①I ften hear him ________(sing) the sng. I ften hear the sng________(sing)． I heard him ________(sing) the sng when I passed by. I heard the sng ________(sing) when I passed by.②I had him ________(repair) my bike. I had my bike ________(repair)． Yu shuldn't have the light ________(burn) all the night.③His letter left me ________(feel) pretty bad all the way一直. He left the wrk________(unfinish)． Yu can leave him ________(finish) the wrk. 【答案】①sing；sung；singing；being sung　②repair；repaired；burning　③feeling；unfinished；t finish；
d.with的复合结构
复合果汁就是多种水果混合在一起的水果汁
E.不定式、动名词、分词作定语的比较：不定式作定语，表示将来；现在分词作定语，表示正在发生或主动；过去分词作定语，表示过去或被动。1、在warning，ability，failure，determinatin，wish，decisin等词后面及在the nly、n、all、any、序数词（the first/secnd）、顺序词（the last, the next）或形容词最高级修饰的名词后或smething,anything,nthing等不定代词后接不定式作定语。2、不定式作定语时，句子主语就是不定式的逻辑主语时，用主动表被动。He has nthing t d.3、动名词作定语表用途，分词作定语可转化为定语从句,有主谓关系。 It was a luxury if yu had a washing machine in thse days. The by sleeping in bed is my sn.
a reading rm=a rm which is used fr readinga washing machine=a machine which is used fr washing(clthes)a walking stick=a stick which is used fr walking
The by is sleeping.
The by wh is sleeping in the bed is my sn.
①The meeting________(hld) tmrrw is imprtant.②The meeting________(hld) nw is imprtant.③The meeting ________(hld) yesterday was imprtant.【答案】①t be held　②being held　③held
Tip：t be dne、being dne与dne作定语的区别(都表被动)a meeting t be held tmrrw一场明天将要举行的会议(表被动,表将来)a meeting being held at present 一场此刻正在进行的会议(表被动,表正在进行)a meeting held yesterday一场昨天举行的会议(表被动,表完成)
having been dne不做定语
F.状语 大本P103
1. 不定式作状语表目的 I study hard t imprve myself. （目的状语）2.nly t d表示意外的结果(另：ding表自然而然的结果)I hurried t the supermarket, nly t find it was clsed.（结果状语）太...而不能He is t yung t take care f himself.（结果状语）t……t结构不一定都表示“太……而不能”。当不定式前的形容词为nervus, pleased, willing, delighted, happy, glad等，t后面可以译作肯定(原因状语)。如：I'm t glad t see yu here again.
为了：(nt)t/in rder (nt)t/s as (nt)t不放句首
主语+be+adj.+enught t d sth
2. 分词作状语逗号分词作状语可以表示时间、条件、结果、原因、让步、方式、伴随（7种）；Entering(enter) the classrm, he fund he was late.（时间状语）enter的逻辑主语是he，表示主动，用ding；Wrking(wrk) hard, yu’ll succeed. （条件状语）wrk的逻辑主语为yu,表示主动工作，用ding；Disturbed(disturb) by the nise, we had t finish the meeting early. （原因状语）disturb的逻辑主语为we,表示被动，被干扰，故用dne；Being(be) a rich man, he is nt happy. （让步状语）be 的逻辑主语是he，表示主动，用ding；
十大状语：时，条，目，地，结，原，让，方，比，伴
Helped(help) by their teacher, the students finished the task successfully. （方式状语）help的逻辑主语是the students，表示被动，故用dne；He sat in the armchair, reading(read) a newspaper.（伴随状语）read的逻辑主语是he，表示主动，故用ding
Tip总结：分词做定/状语/补语：与句子主语主动关系：ding 被动：dne
①________(see) frm the tp f the hill，the peple n the street lk like ants. ________(see) the scene，the peple n the street let ut a cry f jy.②The rm________(face) suth is ur classrm. The rm ________(paint) white is mine.③When I returned，I fund the dr ________(lck)． When I returned，I fund him ________(watch) TV.【答案】①Seen；Seeing　②facing；painted　③lcked；watching
补充考点1：
“疑问词＋不定式”结构 疑问词wh，what，which，when，where和hw后加不定式可构成一种特殊的不定式短语。它在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和宾语补足语。基础再练：用所给词的适当形式填空： When________(start) has nt been decided.【答案】t start
补充考点2：独立主格作状语：前后主语不一致，非谓语有它单独的主语
不定式和分词的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语保持一致，否则只能用从句或独立主格结构。The weather was rainy. We decided t pstpne the trip. （单句）The weather being rainy, we decided t pstpne the trip. （独立主格结构，原因状语）②Time ________(permit)(＝If time permits)，we will g there.③Time ________(give)(＝If time is given)，I will finish it alne.②permitting　③given
对比：________(see) frm the tp f the hill，the peple n the street lk like ants.
Tip总结：与独立主格主动关系：ding 被动：dne
补充考点3：评注性分词（表评价解释）有：cnsidering (that)考虑到,鉴于;generally speaking一般来说;given that考虑到,鉴于; judging by/frm根据……来判断;prviding/prvided that假设;suppsing that假设 但是注意区别judge和cnsider作为及物动词时的用法。
①________(judge) frm his accent，he is frm Hunan. ________(judge) t be the best，he was hnured.②________(cnsider) his age，he has dne well. ________(cnsider) as ne f the biggest cities in the wrld，Shanghai is very ppular nw.【答案】①Judging；Judged　②Cnsidering；Cnsidered
非谓语动词在高考中的各个题型都有涉及，无论是对文章的阅读理解还是后面的语法填空都占有一定比重，尤其在作文中的灵活、恰当地运用，可以让作文增色不少。
一个句子中两个动词，要么用连词连接，要么把其中一个变成非谓语动词。
语法填空使用非谓语的前提：
1.She gt ff the bus, but she _____ (leave) her handbag n the gt ff the bus, ______(leave) her handbag n the seat.
一个句子一个谓没有连词用非谓
1.写作中的非谓语动词常见错误1. In my pinin, climb muntain is an enjyable thing. 2. Seeing frm the tp f the muntain, the city is beautiful .3. Buying clthes are ften a time-cnsuming jb.
分词和逻辑主语之间的主被动关系区分不清 ×
谓语动词和非谓语 动词区分不清×
动名词复合结构 主谓一致错误×
2.写作中的非谓语动词与从句的转换
1. When I walked dwn the street, I came acrss ne f my ld friends.
Walking dwn the street, I came acrss ne f my ld friends.
总结：状从变状从的省略：前后主语一致，且从句出现be动词，最后形式：when/althugh+ding/dne(与句子主语主动ding,被动dne)状从变非谓语：从句连接词和主语、be动词删掉，只留下最后形式：ding/dne
汤姆感到羞愧，他向我道歉。
Because Tm felt ashamed, Tm aplgized t me.
(Because) feeling ashamed, Tm aplgized t me.
1. Althugh the sldiers were attacked many times, they didn’t give in.2. If we were given mre time, we culd had dne it better.3. If the flwers are watered nce a day, they will grw very well.
Attacked many times, the sldiers didn’t give up.
Given mre time, we culd had dne it better.
Watered nce a day, the flwers will grw very well.
The questin discussed yesterday is very imprtant.
The questin that / which was discussed yesterday is very imprtant.
We will study in the huse facing suth.
We will study in the huse that / which faces suth.
定从变非谓语Tip:去掉连接词，先行词与动词主动ing，被动ved
3.写作老演员with
1. with+宾语+dingShe fell sleep with the light burning.
组装练习:①冬天来了。Winter is cming. ②该买暖和的衣服了。It is time t buy warm clthes.把这两个简单句组合成一个句子，就是：With winter cming, it is time t buy warm clt-hes.
组装练习:①她的眼睛闪闪发光。sparkle②她挣扎着站起来。struggle t ne’s feet她挣扎着站起来，眼睛闪闪发光。就是：She struggled t her feet with her eyes sparkling.
2. with+宾语+dne东西都买齐了，他们朝教堂走去。With all the things bught，they headed fr the church.
好用： with+情感名词With pride and jy, she explained that these were Santa Claus. 在对话描写中特别好用！
他小心的说，“现在我可以拥有这只小狗吗？”With care , he said "can I have this puppy nw?"