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01，四川省德阳天立学校2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
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这是一份01，四川省德阳天立学校2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题，共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Albert Einstein’s reading list
“Dn Quixte” by Miguel de Cervantes
“Dn Quixte” is chsen as part f reading in high schl Spanish classes wrldwide. In this nvel, a man named Dn Quixte decides that being an ld-timey knight (骑士) wuld be great. Everyne thinks he’s crazy since he’s a few hundred years t late fr the ld system.
He ends up ging n varius stupid explratins and finally mistakes a windmill (风车) fr a strng man and fights it t death (his death, nt the windmill’s).
“A System f Lgic” by Jhn Stuart Mill
This 17th-century English philspher supprted the idea that wmen shuld have the same rights and pprtunities as men. In his bk, he argued fr ttal female equality. In respnse, British jurnalist Ernest Belfrt Bax wrte “The Legal Subjectin f Men”, in which he argued that men were actually weaker than wmen.
“The Grammar f Science” by Karl Pearsn
Karl Pearsn, a 19th-century English mathematician, thught imaginatin was very imprtant.
“All great scientists have, in a certain sense, been great artists; the man with n imaginatin may cllect facts, but he cannt make great discveries,” Pearsn said.
Amng ther things, Pearsn imagined that smene wh time traveled faster than the speed f light wuld g backwards in time.
If any f this sunds familiar, it might be because these ideas shwed up in Einstein’s wrld-changing theries.
“Ethics” by Baruch Spinza
Spinza thught that the universe (宇宙) was made f ne material s there was n mind-bdy separatin. These ideas may have influenced Einstein a gd deal. “Be nt surprised at new ideas,” wrte Spinza, “fr it is well knwn t yu that a thing is n lnger true because it is nt accepted by many.”试卷源自 试卷上新，欢迎访问。1. Wh will prbably shw great interest in Mill’s bk?
A. Dctrs.B. Natural scientists.C. Film directrs.D. Human rights wrkers.
2. What des Baruch Spinza encurage readers t d?
A. Fight fr scial equality.B. Keep up with the times.
C Be pen t new ideas.D. Develp strng imaginatin.
3. Which bk mentins an idea similar t Einstein’s?
A. Ethics.B. Dn Quixte.C. A System f Lgic.D. The Grammar f Science.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了爱因斯坦阅读的一些书。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据“A System f Lgic”部分关键句“This 17th-century English philspher supprted the idea that wmen shuld have the same rights and pprtunities as men. In his bk, he argued fr ttal female equality.”(这位17世纪的英国哲学家支持女性应该享有与男性相同的权利和机会的观点。在他的书中，他主张女性完全平等)可知，A System f Lgic的作者是Jhn Stuart Mill，他在书中主张女性应该享有与男性相同的权利和机会的观点，由此可知，这本书与人权相关，人权工作者可能会对Mill的书表现出极大的兴趣。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Ethics”部分关键句““Be nt surprised at new ideas,” wrte Spinza, “fr it is well knwn t yu that a thing is n lnger true because it is nt accepted by many.””(Spinza写道：“对新想法不要感到惊讶，因为你知道，一件事不再是真的，因为它没有被许多人接受。”)可知，Spinza认为我们不要对新想法感到惊讶，应该接受新想法，对新想法持开放态度，由此可知，Baruch Spinza鼓励读者对新想法持开放态度。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Grammar f Science”部分关键句“If any f this sunds familiar, it might be because these ideas shwed up in Einstein’s wrld-changing theries.”(如果这其中任何一个听起来很熟悉的话，那可能是因为这些想法出现在爱因斯坦改变世界的理论中)可知，The Grammar f Science中的想法出现在了爱因斯坦改变世界的理论中，由此可知，这本书中提到了与爱因斯坦类似的想法，由此可知，The Grammar f Science提到了一个与爱因斯坦类似的想法。故选D项。
B
12 year ld Skyla wanted t d smething nice fr the health care wrkers wh cared fr her belved great grandmther hspitalized with the flu. It was the nurses wh gt the sick great-grandmther up frm the hspital bed t see Skyla and her mther utside when they went t hld up hmemade signs utside the hspital windws.
Wanting t d smething special fr the health care wrkers, Skyla created the McAllen Nurse Care Kit Prject, filling galln-sized bags with treats ranging frm chips t pens and ntepads. Each bag, with a handwritten card thanking them fr their hard wrk and devtin, was delivered t Edinburg Reginal Hspital, where her great-grandmther was treated. “S they have smething t snack n during their lunch break if they dn’t have anything with them, and they als cntain a handwritten card t shw that we thank them,” Skyla said.
Skyla invited sme f her fellw trp members frm the McAllen Girl Scuts Service Unit t help. After creating 213 kits with friends and family, the girls packed an additinal 200—bringing the ttal t 413 kits fr the hspital.
“I’m just prud that she tk the time because it was hurs, frm the packing f the kits t rganizing and writing thse handmade cards,” said Skyla’s mther. “I’m really glad she us able t have this experience because this summer wasn’t the same as it is usually, but it sunded gd that we made it a little bit mre influential t the cmmunity.”
Thugh Skyla’s great-grandmther has been released frm the hspital and is back hme recvering, she isn’t stpping just quite yet. She’s preparing t head back t schl, but befre that she hpes t let the McAllen Nurse Care Kit Prject branch ut int serving anther hspital.
4. Why did Skyla include a card in the kit?
A. T label the bags.B. T thank her great-grandmther.
C. T shw her gratitude t the medical staff.D. T keep track f the hspital lunch’s recipe.
5. Why des the authr list the numbers in paragraph 3?
A. T recrd the membership f the girls.B. T indicate the hspital’s service needs.
C. T acknwledge the girls’ achievements.D. T shw the imprtance f handwritten cards.
6. What’s the first thing Skyla will d next?
A. Expand her prject.B. Head back t schl.C. Serve her cmmunity.D. Pick up her great grandmther.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Skyla?
A. Athletic.B. Thughtful.C. Hnest.D. Mdest.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是12岁的女孩通过为医护人员做护理工具包来感谢医护人员对她曾祖母的照顾。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Each bag, with a handwritten card thanking them fr their hard wrk and devtin, was delivered t Edinburg Reginal Hspital, where her great-grandmther was treated.(每个袋子上都有一张手写的卡片，感谢他们的辛勤工作和奉献精神。每个袋子都被送到了爱丁堡地区医院，她的曾祖母就是在那里接受治疗的。)”可知，Skyla会在护理工具包里放一张卡片，是为了表达她对医护人员的感激之情，故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“After creating 213 kits with friends and family, the girls packed an additinal 200—bringing the ttal t 413 kits fr the hspital.(在与朋友和家人一起制作了213个工具包后，这些女孩又打包了200个工具包，使医院的工具包总数达到413个。)”可知，这些数字说明女孩们做了很多工具包，因此作者在第三段列出数字是为了认可女孩们的成就。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“She’s preparing t head back t schl, but befre that she hpes t let the McAllen Nurse Care Kit Prject branch ut int serving anther hspital.(她正准备重返校园，但在此之前，她希望让麦卡伦护士护理包项目扩展到另一家医院。)”可知，Skyla接下来要做的第一件事是扩大她的项目。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“S they have smething t snack n during their lunch break if they dn’t have anything with them, and they als cntain a handwritten card t shw that we thank them(因此，如果他们没有带任何东西，他们可以在午餐休息时吃点零食，他们还会带一张手写的卡片，以表示我们的感谢)”可知，Skyla是考虑周到的，即thughtful。故选B。
C
In the days befre the Internet, critical thinking was the mst imprtant skill f infrmed citizens. But in the digital age, accrding t Anastasia Kzyreva, a psychlgist at the Max Planck Institute f Human Develpment, and her clleagues, an even mre imprtant skill is critical ignring.
As the researchers pint ut, we live in an attentin ecnmy where cntent prducers n the Internet cmpete fr ur attentin. They attract us with a lt f emtinal and eye-catching stries while prviding little useful infrmatin, s they can expse us t prfit-generating advertisements. Therefre,we are n lnger custmers but prducts, and each link we click is a sale f ur time and attentin. Tprtect urselves frm this, Kzyreva advcates fr learning the skill f critical ignring, in which readers intentinally cntrl their infrmatin envirnment t reduce expsure t false and lw-quality infrmatin.
Accrding t Kzyreva, critical ignring cmprises three strategies. The first is t design urenvirnments, which invlves the remval f lw-quality yet hard-t-resist infrmatin frm arund. Successful dieters need t keep unhealthy fd ut f their hmes. Likewise, we need t set up a digital envirnment where attentin-grabbing items are kept ut f sight. As with dieting, if ne tries t bank nwillpwer nt t click eye-catching “news”, he’ll surely fail. S, it’s better t just keep them ut f sightt begin with.
The next is t evaluate the reliability f infrmatin, whse purpse is t prtect yu frm false and misleading infrmatin. It can be realized by checking the surce in the mainstream news agencies which have their reputatins fr being trustwrthy.
The last ges by the phrase “d nt feed the trlls.” Trlls are actrs wh internatinally spread false and hurtful infrmatin nline t cause harm. It may be appealing t respnd t them t set the facts straight, but trlls just care abut annying thers rather than facts. S, it’s best nt t reward their bad behaviur with ur attentin.
By sharpening ur critical ignring skills in these ways, we can make the mst f the Internet while aviding falling victim t thse wh try t cntrl ur attentin, time, and minds.
8. What can we learn abut the attentin ecnmy frm paragraph 2?
A. It ffers little infrmatin.B. It features depressing stries.
C. It saves time fr Internet users.D. It seeks prfits frm each click.
9. Why des the authr mentin dieters in paragraph 3?
A. T discuss the quality f infrmatin
B. T prve the benefits f healthy fd.
C. T shw the imprtance f envirnments.
D. T explain the effectiveness f willpwer.
10. What shuld we d t handle Internet trlls accrding t the text?
A. Reveal their intentin.B. Turn a deaf ear t them.
C. Crrect their behaviur.D. Send hard facts t them.
11. What is the text mainly abut?
A. Reasns fr critical thinking in the attentin ecnmy.
B. Practising the skill f critical ignring in the digital age.
C. Maximizing the benefits f critical ignring n the Internet.
D. Strategies f abandning critical thinking fr Internet users
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文体。文章主要讨论了在数字时代，由于信息过载和注意力经济，批判性思维不再是唯一重要的技能，而更为关键的是“批判性忽视”的技能。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“As the researchers pint ut, we live in an attentin ecnmy where cntent prducers n the Internet cmpete fr ur attentin. They attract us with a lt f emtinal and eye-catching stries while prviding little useful infrmatin, s they can expse us t prfit-generating advertisements. Therefre,we are n lnger custmers but prducts, and each link we click is a sale f ur time and attentin.(正如研究人员指出的那样，我们生活在一个注意力经济中，互联网上的内容生产者在争夺我们的注意力。他们用大量的情感和引人注目的故事来吸引我们，而提供的有用信息却很少，所以他们可以让我们接触到盈利的广告。因此，我们不再是客户而是产品，我们点击的每一个链接都是在销售我们的时间和注意力)”可知，注意力经济可以让我们接触到盈利性广告，并从每次点击中寻求利润。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Likewise, we need t set up a digital envirnment where attentin-grabbing items are kept ut f sight. As with dieting, if ne tries t bank nwillpwer nt t click eye-catching “news”, he’ll surely fail. S, it’s better t just keep them ut f sightt begin with.(同样，我们需要建立一个数字环境，让那些吸引眼球的东西远离我们的视线。就像节食一样，如果一个人试图依靠意志力不去点击引人注目的“新闻”，他肯定会失败。所以，最好一开始就把它们放在视线之外)”可推知，作者在第三段提到节食者，是为了强调我们需要建立一个让那些吸引眼球的东西远离我们的视线的数字环境，以此来表明环境的重要性。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Trlls are actrs wh internatinally spread false and hurtful infrmatin nline t cause harm. It may be appealing t respnd t them t set the facts straight, but trlls just care abut annying thers rather than facts. S, it’s best nt t reward their bad behaviur with ur attentin.(喷子是指故意在网上传播虚假和有害信息以造成伤害的行为者。回复他们澄清事实可能很有吸引力，但喷子只关心惹恼别人，而不是事实。所以，最好不要用我们的关注来奖励他们的坏行为)”可知，对付网络喷子，我们最好对他们充耳不闻。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But in the digital age, accrding t Anastasia Kzyreva, a psychlgist at the Max Planck Institute f Human Develpment, and her clleagues, an even mre imprtant skill is critical ignring.(但根据马克斯·普朗克人类发展研究所的心理学家阿纳斯塔西娅·科兹列娃和她的同事们的说法，在数字时代，一项更重要的技能是“批判性忽视”)”和第三段中“Accrding t Kzyreva, critical ignring cmprises three strategies.(Kzyreva认为，“批判性忽视”包括三种策略)”以及后文对这三种策略的具体介绍可推知，所以本文主要讨论了在数字时代，需要练习“批判性忽视”技巧。故选B项。
D
There’s an enrmus amunt f persnal health infrmatin peple nw feed r tap int digital mnitrs, health apps, search engines and ther nline tls. If the same infrmatin were prvided in yur dctr’s ffice, yur privacy wuld be safeguarded. But that’s nt hw the digitized health wrld wrks.
Instead, we have an ecsystem f abuse in which health technlgy cmpanies perate largely utside the law that requires dctrs and ther medical persnnel, hspitals and insurers t prtect an individual’s health infrmatin.
That means technlgy cmpanies can — and d — dig yur digital data fr clues abut yur health status, accessing infrmatin like prescriptins yu have purchased and ther health services yu might have sught, and ptentially link this infrmatin t yur name, address, email address and ther persnally identifying infrmatin. The data can then be used by platfrms including Facebk and Ggle t help advertisers target prmtins r ther cmmunicatins t yu.
It’s a gaping hle in health privacy prtectins that cmes frm the privacy law, which prtects interactins between patients, medical prfessinals and insurers but des nt, in mst cases, prtect patient health data that is recrded n new technlgies.
Clsing the patient privacy gap can- and shuld -be a pririty fr lawmakers. The cnsequences f digital expsure fr thse seeking reprductive services have drawn significant cncern and attentin. These wrries are reasnable. But reprductive care is nly ne area f health services where private patient infrmatin is digitally disclsed.
Therefre, lawmakers must take actin t prtect the privacy f peple wh are nw nline fr all manners f persnal, prfessinal and ther reasns. Until then, a narrwly targeted apprach that prtects health privacy may be plitically easier t cme int effect. The explsin f digital health technlgy and the dramatic increase in its use in the past few years require it greatly.
12. What can we learn abut the present situatin f the digitized health wrld?
A. Persnal health data is used fr ther purpses.
B. Persnal health infrmatin is difficult t identify.
C. Targeted prmtins are used t imprve peple’s health.
D. Medical persnnel prtect the persnal health infrmatin well.
13. What’s the authr’s attitude twards the present privacy law?
A. Apprving.B. Critical.C. Cautius.D. Ambiguus.
14. What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 6 refer t?
A. The spread f health service.
B. Peple’s privacy.
C. A narrwly targeted apprach.
D. The explsin f digital technlgy.
15. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T advcate imprvement in the privacy law.
B. T reprt cases f illegal infrmatin expsure.
C. T explain hw the digitized health wrld wrks.
D. T intrduce a debate n the effect f technlgy.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕数字化健康世界中个人隐私保护的问题展开论述，分析了当前健康技术公司在处理个人健康信息时存在的法律漏洞和滥用现象，并强调了立法者需要采取行动来保护个人隐私的重要性。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Instead, we have an ecsystem f abuse in which health technlgy cmpanies perate largely utside the law that requires dctrs and ther medical persnnel, hspitals and insurers t prtect an individual’s health infrmatin.(相反，我们有一个滥用的生态系统，在这个生态系统中，医疗技术公司在很大程度上违反了要求医生和其他医务人员、医院和保险公司保护个人健康信息的法律)”以及第三段“That means technlgy cmpanies can — and d — dig yur digital data fr clues abut yur health status, accessing infrmatin like prescriptins yu have purchased and ther health services yu might have sught, and ptentially link this infrmatin t yur name, address, email address and ther persnally identifying infrmatin. The data can then be used by platfrms including Facebk and Ggle t help advertisers target prmtins r ther cmmunicatins t yu.(这意味着科技公司可以——也确实做到了——挖掘你的数字数据，寻找你健康状况的线索，获取你购买的处方和你可能寻求的其他健康服务等信息，并可能将这些信息与你的姓名、地址、电子邮件地址和其他个人身份信息联系起来。然后，这些数据可以被包括Facebk和谷歌在内的平台使用，以帮助广告商向你定向促销或其他通信)”可知，现在我们的个人健康信息没有得到应有的保护，反而这些数据被包括Facebk和谷歌在内的平台使用，以帮助广告商向你定向促销或其他通信。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“It’s a gaping hle in health privacy prtectins that cmes frm the privacy law, which prtects interactins between patients, medical prfessinals and insurers but des nt, in mst cases, prtect patient health data that is recrded n new technlgies.(这是来自隐私法的健康隐私保护的一个巨大漏洞，隐私法保护患者，医疗专业人员和保险公司之间的互动，但在大多数情况下，不保护记录在新技术上的患者健康数据)”可知，作者认为现行的隐私法存在巨大漏洞。由此推知，他对现行隐私法是批评的。故选B。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“Until then, a narrwly targeted apprach that prtects health privacy may be plitically easier t cme int effect.(在此之前，保护健康隐私的针对性较窄的方法在政治上可能更容易生效)”以及划线单词上文“The explsin f digital health technlgy and the dramatic increase in its use in the past few years require it greatly.(数字医疗技术的爆炸式增长及其使用在过去几年中急剧增加，对它提出了极大的要求)”可推测，划线词it指的是上文提到的“targeted apprach”。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Therefre, lawmakers must take actin t prtect the privacy f peple wh are nw nline fr all manners f persnal, prfessinal and ther reasns. Until then, a narrwly targeted apprach that prtects health privacy may be plitically easier t cme int effect. The explsin f digital health technlgy and the dramatic increase in its use in the past few years require it greatly.(因此，立法者必须采取行动，保护那些出于个人、职业和其他原因上网的人的隐私。在此之前，保护健康隐私的针对性较窄的方法在政治上可能更容易生效。数字医疗技术的爆炸式增长及其使用在过去几年中急剧增加，对它提出了极大的要求)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了数字化健康世界中个人隐私保护的问题，特别指出了当前隐私法存在的漏洞以及健康技术公司如何滥用个人健康信息。作者强调了这一问题的严重性，并呼吁立法者采取行动来弥补这一漏洞，保护个人隐私。由此推知，文章的目的是倡导改进隐私法，以确保个人健康信息得到妥善保护。故选A。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
Claustrphbia
Claustrphbia, r fear f enclsed spaces, in ne f the mst cmmn fears. Claustrphbia can be deep fear r even panic as a result f being in a small space.
Claustrphbia can develp after a trubling childhd experience, r frm anther unpleasant experience later n in life related t small spaces. ___16___.This respnse then becmes prgrammed in the brain, making an assciatin between being in a tight space and feeling anxius r ut-f-cntrl. As a result, the persn ften develps claustrphbia.
___17___. Claustrphbia symptms can include: sweating, accelerated heartbeat, upset stmach, shaking, breathing prblem, etc. The claustrphbia sufferer will lk fr an exit when inside a rm, avid driving n the highway r majr rads where there is heavy traffic when inside a car, r stand near a dr when at a party. ___18___.
Claustrphbia can have harmful scial and psychlgical effects, since the patient will ften avid situatins in which she thinks she will have an anxiety attack, leading t hiding and sadness.
___19___. Expsure treatment, a frm f mind-behaviral treatment, usually results in a ttal reductin in anxiety symptms if cnducted prperly. Flding is a type f expsure treatment in which the persn is expsed t a situatin until the anxiety attack passes. ___20___. Medicatins t help treat claustrphbia include things which help t ease the heart beating t fast ften assciated with anxiety attacks.
A. Accrding t sme dctrs, claustrphbia is wrse than the fear f heights
B. The past experience can trace back t the mment f birth
C. The gd news is that claustrphbia is very treatable
D. When a persn with claustrphbia finds herself in a restricted space, her bdy respnds in certain ways
E. In extreme cases, the very sight f a clsed dr can lead t feelings f anxiety in a persn
F. Treatment fr claustrphbia can als include medicatin r a cmbinatin f several treatments
G. When a persn experiences such an event, it can ften cause a frightening panic attack
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. E 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了幽闭恐惧症的症状和治疗方法。
【16题详解】
根据空格前“Claustrphbia can develp after a trubling childhd experience, r frm anther unpleasant experience later n in life related t small spaces.”（幽闭恐惧症可能是在童年经历过一次令人不安的经历后发展起来的，也可能是在以后的生活中与小空间有关的另一次不愉快的经历中发展起来的）可知，童年有过困扰经历的孩子或生活中有关于狭窄空间的不愉快经历的人容易患上幽闭恐惧症。接下来要说有这些经历的人们会有惊恐感。G项（当一个人经历这样的事件时，通常会引起可怕的恐慌）与空前内容可以照应，连接顺畅。故选G。
【17题详解】
空格后“Claustrphbia symptms can include: sweating, accelerated heartbeat, upset stmach, shaking, breathing prblem, etc.”（幽闭恐惧症症状包括：出汗、心跳加速、胃部不适、颤抖、呼吸困难等）列举了一系列身体反应，可以得知空格处指出当有幽闭恐惧症的人处于封闭空间时身体会有一些反应。D项（当一个患有幽闭恐惧症的人发现自己处于一个受限的空间时，她的身体会以某些方式做出反应）能够引出下文。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据空格前“The claustrphbia sufferer will lk fr an exit when inside a rm, avid driving n the highway r majr rads where there is heavy traffic when inside a car, r stand near a dr when at a party”（幽闭恐惧症患者在房间内会寻找出口，在车内避免在交通繁忙的高速公路或主要道路上行驶，或者在聚会时站在门附近）可知，患有幽闭恐惧症的人在屋内就会找出口、避免在高速上开车或者在聚会时站在门附近，此处承接上文，继续说幽闭恐惧症患者在另一些情况下的表现，E项（在极端情况下，一看到关着的门就会导致一个人感到焦虑）符合要求，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据空格后“Expsure treatment, a frm f mind-behaviral treatment, usually results in a ttal reductin in anxiety symptms if cnducted prperly.”（暴露治疗是一种心理行为治疗，如果进行得当，通常会完全减轻焦虑症状）可知，暴露治疗法能够有效缓解焦虑，因此，C项（好消息是幽闭恐惧症是可治的）能概括下面段落的主要内容。故选C。
【20题详解】
空格后“Medicatins t help treat claustrphbia include things which help t ease the heart beating t fast ften assciated with anxiety attacks.”（帮助治疗幽闭恐惧症的药物包括有助于缓解心跳过快的物质，这些物质通常与焦虑症发作有关）是药物治疗的好处，F项（幽闭恐惧症的治疗也可以包括药物治疗或几种治疗的结合）引出下文药物治疗这一话题。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was ten when my mther was diagnsed with cancer. Prir t that, she had been a(n) ___21___ wman, active t an extent mst peple fund astnishing. As a child, I was amazed by her accmplishments. But at thirty-ne, her life ___22___. And s did mine.
She culd d anything, I ___23___. She wn tennis turnaments. She tk phtgraphs and held her wn exhibitin. She ___24___ as a newspaper clumnist, and she cked Spanish dishes fr the family.
Nw, she faced her illness with the same ___25___. Wrds like “disabled” and “physical therapy” became part f a(n) ___26___ new wrld we entered tgether. ___27___, I began t help take care f her. And it became rutine t ___28___ her int the kitchen, where she instructed me in the ___29___ f peeling carrts and ptates and hw t prepare a decent breakfast.
Every accmplishment was a ____30____ fr us bth: the electric typewriter, the car with pwer steering and brakes, her return t ____31____, where she earned a master’s degree in special educatin. She eventually funded an activist supprt grup called The Handicappers. One day, withut ____32____ much befrehand, she tk me t a Handicappers meeting. I had never seen s many peple with s many ____33____. I returned hme, thinking hw ____34____ we really were.
Because my mther accepted her cnditin with such ptimism, I rarely felt sad r resentful abut it. Instead, I viewed her drive t lk frward t things I ____35____ as a great mystery and pwerful inspiratin in my life.
21. A. gentleB. energeticC. talentedD. decent
22. A. changedB. failedC. imprvedD. paused
23. A. imaginedB. admittedC. dubtedD. believed
24. A. appliedB. spkeC. wrteD. studied
25. A. successB. sincerityC. enthusiasmD. wisdm
26. A. familiarB. strangeC. excitingD. changeable
27. A. GraduallyB. ParticularlyC. AlternativelyD. Finally
28. A. dragB. pullC. guideD. wheel
29. A. artB. significanceC. safetyD. plan
30. A. slutinB. milestneC. dreamD. warning
31. A. hspitalB. curtC. wrkD. cllege
32. A. sayingB. hidingC. pretendingD. shwing
33. A. giftsB. disabilitiesC. weaknessesD. privileges
34. A. strngB. hpelessC. helpfulD. frtunate
35. A. tk int accuntB. bre in mindC. tk fr grantedD. kept in check
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的母亲在生病后依旧保持之前对于生活的热情，完成了一个个的成就，作者原本认为理所当然获得的东西，在母亲的努力追求下，变成了生命中一个伟大的奥秘和强大的灵感。
21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，她一直是一个精力充沛的女人，活跃到大多数人都觉得不可思议的程度。A. gentle温柔的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. talented有才能的；D. decent得体的。根据下文“active t an extent mst peple fund astnishing”可知，在被诊断癌症之前，母亲是一个十分活跃的人，精力充沛。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在31岁时，她的生活发生了变化。A. changed改变；B. failed失败；C. imprved提高；D. paused暂停。根据上文“I was ten when my mther was diagnsed with cancer.”可知，在31岁那年，母亲被诊断为癌症，她的生活发生了变化。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信她能做任何事。A. imagined想象；B. admitted承认；C. dubted怀疑；D. believed相信。根据后文“She wn tennis turnaments. She tk phtgraphs and held her wn exhibitin.”可知，作者相信母亲能做任何事。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是报纸的专栏作家，还为家里做西班牙菜。A. applied应用，申请；B. spke说；C. wrte写；D. studied学习，研究。根据下文“as a newspaper clumnist”可知，母亲以前是作家，会写作。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，她以同样的热情面对自己的疾病。A. success成功；B. sincerity真诚；C. enthusiasm热情；D. wisdm智慧。根据上文“Nw, she faced her illness with the same”，前文作者描述母亲对于生活的热情和下文“Because my mther accepted her cnditin with such ptimism”母亲以如此乐观的态度接受了她的病情可知，此处表示用同样的热情面对自己的疾病。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像“残疾的”和“物理治疗”这样的词成为我们共同进入的一个陌生新世界的一部分。A. familiar熟悉的；B. strange陌生的；C. exciting令人激动的；D. changeable可改变的。根据下文“new wrld”可知，生病对于作者和母亲来说是全新的陌生世界的一部分。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我开始帮助照顾她。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Particularly尤其；C. Alternatively要不，或者；D. Finally最终。根据下文“I began t help take care f her.”可知，作者逐渐开始帮助照顾母亲。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把她推到厨房，她教我如何削胡萝卜和土豆的皮，以及如何准备一顿像样的早餐，这成了我的例行公事。A. drag拖，拽；B. pull拉；C. guide指导；D. wheel推动。根据上文“Wrds like “disabled” and “physical therapy” became part f”可知，由于母亲残疾，作者不得不用轮椅推动她。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把她推到厨房，她教我如何削胡萝卜和土豆的皮，以及如何准备一顿像样的早餐，这成了我的例行公事。A. art艺术；B. significance意义；C. safety安全；D. plan计划。根据“she instructed me in the___9___f peeling carrts and ptates”可知，此处指母亲教作者削胡萝卜和土豆皮，即，削胡萝卜和土豆皮的艺术。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一项成就对我们俩来说都是里程碑：电动打字机，有动力转向和刹车的汽车，她重返大学，在那里她获得了特殊教育硕士学位。A. slutin解决方案；B. milestne里程碑；C. dream梦想；D. warning警告。根据下文“the electric typewriter, the car with pwer steering and brakes”和“she earned a master’s degree in special educatin”可知，每一项成就都是里程碑。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一项成就对我们俩来说都是里程碑：电动打字机，有动力转向和刹车的汽车，她重返大学，在那里她获得了特殊教育硕士学位。A. hspital医院；B. curt庭院；C. wrk工作；D. cllege大学。根据下文“where she earned a master’s degree in special educatin”可知，母亲还重返了大学学习。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，她事先没多说什么，就带我去参加残障人士会议。A. saying说；B. hiding躲藏；C. pretending假装；D. shwing展示。根据“withut___12___much befrehand, she tk me t a Handicappers meeting.”可知，母亲没有说太多就带作者去参加残障人士会议。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有见过这么多残疾人。A. gifts礼物；B. disabilities残疾；C. weaknesses弱点；D. privileges特权。根据上文“Handicappers meeting”可知，在残障人士会议上，有很多残疾人。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我回到家，想着我们是多么幸运。A. strng强壮的；B. hpeless没有希望的；C. helpful乐于助人的；D. frtunate幸运的。根据整段的描述，这是母亲生病后的成就，且加入了对应的一些会议组织，这对于她们来说是幸运的。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：相反，我把她期待我认为理所当然的事情的动力看作是我生命中一个伟大的奥秘和强大的灵感。A. tk int accunt仔细考虑；B. bre in mind记住；C. tk fr granted认为是理所当然；D. kept in check保持控制。根据“her drive t lk frward t things I___15___”可知，作者原本认为理所当然获得的东西，在患病母亲的努力追求下有了新的意义，它们变成了生命中一个伟大的奥秘和强大的灵感。故选C项。
第二节 (共15题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
36. In recent years,Chinese traditinal drama has been getting ___________ (increse) ppular wrldwide.(所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】increasingly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：近年来，中国传统戏剧在世界范围内越来越受欢迎。分析句子结构可知，此处要使用副词状语修饰形容词，故填increasingly。
37. The members will serve________ part f a crew cnducting invasive plant treatment and habitat restrratin effrts. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】as
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：这些成员将作为进行入侵植物处理和栖息地重建工作的工作人员的一部分。短语serve as“充当”符合句意，故填as。
38. Amng the mst surprsing ___________(discvery) was a large stne cmplex nw called La Cuernavilla. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】discveries
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：其中最令人惊讶发现是一个巨大的石头建筑群，现在被称为La Cuernavilla。根据空前的amng和surprising可知，此处要用名词的复数形式discveries，故填discveries。
39. Because the prcess f cllecting and biling dwn the sap t make maple syrup __________ (require) a lt f manpwer and time, it’s quite expensive. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】requires
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：因为收集和煮沸树液来制作枫糖浆的过程需要大量的人力和时间，所以非常昂贵。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为the prcess，谓语用三单形式。故填requires。
40. Cut dwn n _______ yu thrw away and watch ut fr single-use items like cffee pds whse prductin generates greenhuse gases. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】what
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：减少你扔掉的东西，注意像咖啡荚这样的一次性物品，它们的生产会产生温室气体。分析句子成分可知“yu thrw away”作的是介词n 的宾语，故为宾语从句，且从句中缺少thrw的宾语，故用连接代词what 来引导宾语从句。故填what。
41. S ________ (ambitin) is Jhn that he aims t set up his wn cmpany. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】ambitius
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：约翰雄心勃勃，打算成立自己的公司。句子是句型，s+adj置句首，用部分倒装，因此作表语应用形容词ambitius，故填ambitius。
42. Many a prgram f ecnmic refrms ________ (apprve) by the Parliament s far. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】has been apprved
【解析】
【详解】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，议会已经批准了许多经济改革方案。分析句子可知，s far表示“迄今为止”，结合句子来看，本句描述的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响，还可能持续发生下去，应用现在完成时，且空处谓语动词要与主语Many a prgram保持主谓一致，其中many a为固定搭配，表示“许多”，后接可数名词单数，作主语时，谓语动词也要用单数形式，所以填has been apprved，表示“已经批准”。故填has been apprved。
43. A park in Dandng, Lianing prvince,__________ (feature) sculptures, pened t the public n 22 Oct,2020. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】featuring
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2020年10月22日，辽宁省丹东市一个以雕塑为特色的公园向公众开放。分析句子成分可知，这句话的主语是A park，谓语是pened，feature在这里作非谓语，和主语之间是主动关系，故用现在分词featuring作定语。故填featuring。
44. Prfessrs and students alike in the three universities made ______ epic jurney ver a distance f mre than 2,000 kilmeters , mst f them n ft. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】an
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：这三所大学的教授和学生们进行了一次长达2000多公里的史诗般的旅程，其中大多数是步行的。根据空后的名词jurney可知，此处应用冠词。根据句意可知此处是泛指且epic是元音音素开头，故填 an。
45. Fllwing in the ftsteps f his wn teacher all thse years ag, Mr. Wang has nw passed n his skills t the new memebers, ________ will take n many f the future repairs. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】wh
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：跟随多年前他自己老师的脚步，王先生现在把他的技能传授给了新成员，他们将承担未来的许多维修工作。分析句子成分可知，该空引导非限制性定语从句，the new members为先行词，指物，关系词替代先行词在定语从句作主语，故用关系代词wh。故填wh。
46. N agreement reached, the _______（represent）wanted anther rund f talk. （用单词适当形式填空）
【答案】representatives
【解析】
【详解】句意：代表们没有达成协议，要求再进行一轮会谈。此处作主语用名词复数形式，故填representatives。
47. There is much t learn ,share and celebrate n Wrld Olive Tree Day, and UNESCO encurages everyne t participate in activities such as debates and exhibitins__________ (rganize) wrldwide. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】rganized
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在世界橄榄树日有许多值得学习、分享和庆祝的东西，教科文组织鼓励每个人都参加在世界各地组织的辩论和展览等活动。此处rganize与activities构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填rganized。
48. This lack f self-interest and prmtin kept Cunningham fcused n his craft , enbling him ____________ (capture) New Yrk’s unique street style. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t capture
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这种对自身利益和晋升的缺乏使Cunningham专注于他的手艺，使他能够捕捉到纽约独特的街头风格。根据空前的enabling可知，此处考查固定短语enable sb. t d sth. 使某人能够做某事。故填t capture。
49. What is specially impressive abut the drama is that the danes are adapted _________ mre than 100 Dunhuang Grtt murals (壁画) f Gansu Prvince. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】frm
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：该剧特别令人印象深刻的是，丹麦人改编自甘肃省敦煌石窟壁画。根据句意可知此处考查固定短语be adapted frm，改编自……。故填frm。
50. S d yur bdy and future self a favr by frcing _________ (yur) t eat healthy meals thrughut the day. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】yurself
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：所以，强迫自己每天吃健康的食物，对你的身体和未来的自己都有好处。结合前文的yur bdy，此处作宾语，表示“你自己”应用反身代词yurself。故填yurself。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
51. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，请你以“my lw-carbn life”为题写一篇保护环境的演讲稿。内容包括：
1、低碳生活的重要性；
2、你的具体做法
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
My lw-carbn life
It’s ur duty t prtect the envirnment. Lw-carbn life is gd fr everyne. T help with the envirnment, I always walk r ride a bike t schl instead f taking a car. Besides, I will try t use things that can be recycled and I never frget t turn ff the lights when I leave the classrm. I think it’s my duty t live a lw-carbn life. And even the simplest activities can make a real difference t the envirnment. S I suggest we shuld reuse bks as lng as pssible. And we’d better nt spend much mney n expensive clthes.
If everyne des smething fr the envirnment, I believe the earth will be a better place. Lwer-carbn life, happier life.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“my lw-carbn life”为题写一篇保护环境的演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
责任：duty→respnsibility
保护：prtect→preserve
关闭：turn ff→switch ff
此外：besides→in additin
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：T help with the envirnment, I always walk r ride a bike t schl instead f taking a car.
拓展句：I always walk r ride a bike t schl instead f taking a car s that I can help with the envirnment.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Besides, I will try t use things that can be recycled and I never frget t turn ff the lights when I leave the classrm. (运用了that引导的定语从句和when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] S I suggest we shuld reuse bks as lng as pssible. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Mary entered the suth Ple Penguin Research Lab, she saw her friend Tm gently strking (轻抚) a penguin in his arms. As children f the lab scientists, Mary and Tm ften bserved the emperr penguins that were studied t understand hw they adapted t extreme temperatures —insights that culd aid human survival.
“We’re thirteen, Tm. It’s time t grw up and stp playing with the lab penguins,” said Mary as she started cleaning. “They’re research animals, nt pets.”
“But the birds listen t me1” insisted Tm, his breath frming a clud in the freezing air. “Yu’re just trying t be a penguin whisperer again,” Mary replied, shaking her head with a gentle smile. The penguins seemed playful as they walked, dve, swam and chased their live fish fr sprt befre eating.
Suddenly , an alarm rang ut and red lights flashed , signaling a prblem. The kids rushed ver t lk int it. “It’s clder than befre —there’s ice frming n the water,” nted Tm. Thugh always cld, Mary had never seen ice here befre. She checked the habitat mnitr and fund that the temperature had gne dwn a lt. “The heater must be brken!”
Mary quickly sent a message t their parents’ research team, wh were cnducting utdr studies. With the adults away, the kids wuld have t deal with the freezing cnditins until help arrived.
Time dragged as Mary and Tm anxiusly waited. The increasing cld caused them t shake. “I wnder what emperr penguins d in extreme cld, since they stay in the Ple all winter instead f ging smewhere warmer,” asked Mary. “They huddle (挤作一团), ” Tm answered. “They huddle tgether tightly s that the birds in the middle will be warm enugh.” “What abut the nes n the edge?” Mary asked. “They push their way twards the center, and then mve back ut t the edge, and struggle back again. Scientists in the early 21st century recrded it.” He replied as he stared at the large crwd f the penguins in the lab.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
”I have an idea t stay warm1" Tm shuted excitedly.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tw and a half hurs later , the parents returned with help.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】“I have an idea t stay warm!” Tm shuted excitedly. Spreading his arms, he suggested jining the penguin huddles. Wrried that the penguins wuldn’t let them, Mary hesitated but was sn persuaded by Tm’s assuring grin. He slwly apprached the crwded penguins, cruching dwn. Gently strking them with care, he whispered sftly. Thugh startled at first, the penguins recgnized Tm and let him int their grup. Mary quickly fllwed. The children squeezed int the huddle’s edge with the penguins. Just as the birds did, they mved tward the middle and back ut as the grup shifted.
Tw and a half hurs later, the parents returned with help. Rushing in calling fr the kids, they were surprised. The children were safely surrunded by Emperrs in a large bundle. When asked hw they stayed warm, the kids lked at each ther prudly. “We used what the Emperr Penguins d,” they tld their parents. Mary patted Tm’s shulder with admiratin, calling him a penguin whisperer. With a big smile, Tm gave credit t the penguins wh taught them a lt. Their teamwrk had seen them thrugh the difficult cld with the penguins’ aid.
【解析】
【导语】本文以动物为线索展开，讲述了一个关于爱护动物以及通过学习帝企鹅的保暖方式度过严寒的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我有一个保暖的主意!”Tm兴奋地喊道。”以及第二段首句内容“两个半小时后，父母带着救援人员回来了。”可知，第一段可描写Tm想到可以向帝企鹅学习度过严寒。
②由第二段首句内容“两个半小时后，父母带着救援人员回来了。”可知，第二段可描写父母惊讶地发现孩子们和帝企鹅团在一起从而保持温暖活了下来。
2.续写线索：Tm和Mary一起在南极企鹅研究实验室观察帝企鹅——他们从小就研究帝企鹅，非常熟悉这些动物——突然Mary发现实验室的加热器坏了——Mary向父母求救，但是父母在户外进行研究——实验室越来越冷，孩子们开始想办法保暖——Tm突然想起帝企鹅在严寒中是如何保暖的——于是，两个孩子加入了实验室的企鹅群，和企鹅们团在了一起——父母回来后，惊讶地发现帝企鹅正围着孩子们，孩子也安然无恙
3.词汇激活
行为类
①建议：suggest/advise
②靠近：apprach/cme clse t
③称赞：give credit t/praise
情绪类
①担忧的：wrried/cncerned/anxius
②惊讶的：surprised/amazed/astnished
【点睛】【高分句型1】When asked hw they stayed warm, the kids lked at each ther prudly.（运用了hw引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】With a big smile, Tm gave credit t the penguins wh taught them a lt.（运用了wh引导的定语从句）
1-5CCBAB 6-10BCABC 11-15BBCAB 16-20ACBCA
第一部分 听力
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Albert Einstein’s reading list
“Dn Quixte” by Miguel de Cervantes
“Dn Quixte” is chsen as part f reading in high schl Spanish classes wrldwide. In this nvel, a man named Dn Quixte decides that being an ld-timey knight (骑士) wuld be great. Everyne thinks he’s crazy since he’s a few hundred years t late fr the ld system.
He ends up ging n varius stupid explratins and finally mistakes a windmill (风车) fr a strng man and fights it t death (his death, nt the windmill’s).
“A System f Lgic” by Jhn Stuart Mill
This 17th-century English philspher supprted the idea that wmen shuld have the same rights and pprtunities as men. In his bk, he argued fr ttal female equality. In respnse, British jurnalist Ernest Belfrt Bax wrte “The Legal Subjectin f Men”, in which he argued that men were actually weaker than wmen.
“The Grammar f Science” by Karl Pearsn
Karl Pearsn, a 19th-century English mathematician, thught imaginatin was very imprtant.
“All great scientists have, in a certain sense, been great artists; the man with n imaginatin may cllect facts, but he cannt make great discveries,” Pearsn said.
Amng ther things, Pearsn imagined that smene wh time traveled faster than the speed f light wuld g backwards in time.
If any f this sunds familiar, it might be because these ideas shwed up in Einstein’s wrld-changing theries.
“Ethics” by Baruch Spinza
Spinza thught that the universe (宇宙) was made f ne material s there was n mind-bdy separatin. These ideas may have influenced Einstein a gd deal. “Be nt surprised at new ideas,” wrte Spinza, “fr it is well knwn t yu that a thing is n lnger true because it is nt accepted by many.”试卷源自 试卷上新，欢迎访问。1. Wh will prbably shw great interest in Mill’s bk?
A. Dctrs.B. Natural scientists.C. Film directrs.D. Human rights wrkers.
2. What des Baruch Spinza encurage readers t d?
A. Fight fr scial equality.B. Keep up with the times.
C Be pen t new ideas.D. Develp strng imaginatin.
3. Which bk mentins an idea similar t Einstein’s?
A. Ethics.B. Dn Quixte.C. A System f Lgic.D. The Grammar f Science.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了爱因斯坦阅读的一些书。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据“A System f Lgic”部分关键句“This 17th-century English philspher supprted the idea that wmen shuld have the same rights and pprtunities as men. In his bk, he argued fr ttal female equality.”(这位17世纪的英国哲学家支持女性应该享有与男性相同的权利和机会的观点。在他的书中，他主张女性完全平等)可知，A System f Lgic的作者是Jhn Stuart Mill，他在书中主张女性应该享有与男性相同的权利和机会的观点，由此可知，这本书与人权相关，人权工作者可能会对Mill的书表现出极大的兴趣。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Ethics”部分关键句““Be nt surprised at new ideas,” wrte Spinza, “fr it is well knwn t yu that a thing is n lnger true because it is nt accepted by many.””(Spinza写道：“对新想法不要感到惊讶，因为你知道，一件事不再是真的，因为它没有被许多人接受。”)可知，Spinza认为我们不要对新想法感到惊讶，应该接受新想法，对新想法持开放态度，由此可知，Baruch Spinza鼓励读者对新想法持开放态度。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Grammar f Science”部分关键句“If any f this sunds familiar, it might be because these ideas shwed up in Einstein’s wrld-changing theries.”(如果这其中任何一个听起来很熟悉的话，那可能是因为这些想法出现在爱因斯坦改变世界的理论中)可知，The Grammar f Science中的想法出现在了爱因斯坦改变世界的理论中，由此可知，这本书中提到了与爱因斯坦类似的想法，由此可知，The Grammar f Science提到了一个与爱因斯坦类似的想法。故选D项。
B
12 year ld Skyla wanted t d smething nice fr the health care wrkers wh cared fr her belved great grandmther hspitalized with the flu. It was the nurses wh gt the sick great-grandmther up frm the hspital bed t see Skyla and her mther utside when they went t hld up hmemade signs utside the hspital windws.
Wanting t d smething special fr the health care wrkers, Skyla created the McAllen Nurse Care Kit Prject, filling galln-sized bags with treats ranging frm chips t pens and ntepads. Each bag, with a handwritten card thanking them fr their hard wrk and devtin, was delivered t Edinburg Reginal Hspital, where her great-grandmther was treated. “S they have smething t snack n during their lunch break if they dn’t have anything with them, and they als cntain a handwritten card t shw that we thank them,” Skyla said.
Skyla invited sme f her fellw trp members frm the McAllen Girl Scuts Service Unit t help. After creating 213 kits with friends and family, the girls packed an additinal 200—bringing the ttal t 413 kits fr the hspital.
“I’m just prud that she tk the time because it was hurs, frm the packing f the kits t rganizing and writing thse handmade cards,” said Skyla’s mther. “I’m really glad she us able t have this experience because this summer wasn’t the same as it is usually, but it sunded gd that we made it a little bit mre influential t the cmmunity.”
Thugh Skyla’s great-grandmther has been released frm the hspital and is back hme recvering, she isn’t stpping just quite yet. She’s preparing t head back t schl, but befre that she hpes t let the McAllen Nurse Care Kit Prject branch ut int serving anther hspital.
4. Why did Skyla include a card in the kit?
A. T label the bags.B. T thank her great-grandmther.
C. T shw her gratitude t the medical staff.D. T keep track f the hspital lunch’s recipe.
5. Why des the authr list the numbers in paragraph 3?
A. T recrd the membership f the girls.B. T indicate the hspital’s service needs.
C. T acknwledge the girls’ achievements.D. T shw the imprtance f handwritten cards.
6. What’s the first thing Skyla will d next?
A. Expand her prject.B. Head back t schl.C. Serve her cmmunity.D. Pick up her great grandmther.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Skyla?
A. Athletic.B. Thughtful.C. Hnest.D. Mdest.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是12岁的女孩通过为医护人员做护理工具包来感谢医护人员对她曾祖母的照顾。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Each bag, with a handwritten card thanking them fr their hard wrk and devtin, was delivered t Edinburg Reginal Hspital, where her great-grandmther was treated.(每个袋子上都有一张手写的卡片，感谢他们的辛勤工作和奉献精神。每个袋子都被送到了爱丁堡地区医院，她的曾祖母就是在那里接受治疗的。)”可知，Skyla会在护理工具包里放一张卡片，是为了表达她对医护人员的感激之情，故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“After creating 213 kits with friends and family, the girls packed an additinal 200—bringing the ttal t 413 kits fr the hspital.(在与朋友和家人一起制作了213个工具包后，这些女孩又打包了200个工具包，使医院的工具包总数达到413个。)”可知，这些数字说明女孩们做了很多工具包，因此作者在第三段列出数字是为了认可女孩们的成就。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“She’s preparing t head back t schl, but befre that she hpes t let the McAllen Nurse Care Kit Prject branch ut int serving anther hspital.(她正准备重返校园，但在此之前，她希望让麦卡伦护士护理包项目扩展到另一家医院。)”可知，Skyla接下来要做的第一件事是扩大她的项目。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“S they have smething t snack n during their lunch break if they dn’t have anything with them, and they als cntain a handwritten card t shw that we thank them(因此，如果他们没有带任何东西，他们可以在午餐休息时吃点零食，他们还会带一张手写的卡片，以表示我们的感谢)”可知，Skyla是考虑周到的，即thughtful。故选B。
C
In the days befre the Internet, critical thinking was the mst imprtant skill f infrmed citizens. But in the digital age, accrding t Anastasia Kzyreva, a psychlgist at the Max Planck Institute f Human Develpment, and her clleagues, an even mre imprtant skill is critical ignring.
As the researchers pint ut, we live in an attentin ecnmy where cntent prducers n the Internet cmpete fr ur attentin. They attract us with a lt f emtinal and eye-catching stries while prviding little useful infrmatin, s they can expse us t prfit-generating advertisements. Therefre,we are n lnger custmers but prducts, and each link we click is a sale f ur time and attentin. Tprtect urselves frm this, Kzyreva advcates fr learning the skill f critical ignring, in which readers intentinally cntrl their infrmatin envirnment t reduce expsure t false and lw-quality infrmatin.
Accrding t Kzyreva, critical ignring cmprises three strategies. The first is t design urenvirnments, which invlves the remval f lw-quality yet hard-t-resist infrmatin frm arund. Successful dieters need t keep unhealthy fd ut f their hmes. Likewise, we need t set up a digital envirnment where attentin-grabbing items are kept ut f sight. As with dieting, if ne tries t bank nwillpwer nt t click eye-catching “news”, he’ll surely fail. S, it’s better t just keep them ut f sightt begin with.
The next is t evaluate the reliability f infrmatin, whse purpse is t prtect yu frm false and misleading infrmatin. It can be realized by checking the surce in the mainstream news agencies which have their reputatins fr being trustwrthy.
The last ges by the phrase “d nt feed the trlls.” Trlls are actrs wh internatinally spread false and hurtful infrmatin nline t cause harm. It may be appealing t respnd t them t set the facts straight, but trlls just care abut annying thers rather than facts. S, it’s best nt t reward their bad behaviur with ur attentin.
By sharpening ur critical ignring skills in these ways, we can make the mst f the Internet while aviding falling victim t thse wh try t cntrl ur attentin, time, and minds.
8. What can we learn abut the attentin ecnmy frm paragraph 2?
A. It ffers little infrmatin.B. It features depressing stries.
C. It saves time fr Internet users.D. It seeks prfits frm each click.
9. Why des the authr mentin dieters in paragraph 3?
A. T discuss the quality f infrmatin
B. T prve the benefits f healthy fd.
C. T shw the imprtance f envirnments.
D. T explain the effectiveness f willpwer.
10. What shuld we d t handle Internet trlls accrding t the text?
A. Reveal their intentin.B. Turn a deaf ear t them.
C. Crrect their behaviur.D. Send hard facts t them.
11. What is the text mainly abut?
A. Reasns fr critical thinking in the attentin ecnmy.
B. Practising the skill f critical ignring in the digital age.
C. Maximizing the benefits f critical ignring n the Internet.
D. Strategies f abandning critical thinking fr Internet users
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文体。文章主要讨论了在数字时代，由于信息过载和注意力经济，批判性思维不再是唯一重要的技能，而更为关键的是“批判性忽视”的技能。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“As the researchers pint ut, we live in an attentin ecnmy where cntent prducers n the Internet cmpete fr ur attentin. They attract us with a lt f emtinal and eye-catching stries while prviding little useful infrmatin, s they can expse us t prfit-generating advertisements. Therefre,we are n lnger custmers but prducts, and each link we click is a sale f ur time and attentin.(正如研究人员指出的那样，我们生活在一个注意力经济中，互联网上的内容生产者在争夺我们的注意力。他们用大量的情感和引人注目的故事来吸引我们，而提供的有用信息却很少，所以他们可以让我们接触到盈利的广告。因此，我们不再是客户而是产品，我们点击的每一个链接都是在销售我们的时间和注意力)”可知，注意力经济可以让我们接触到盈利性广告，并从每次点击中寻求利润。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Likewise, we need t set up a digital envirnment where attentin-grabbing items are kept ut f sight. As with dieting, if ne tries t bank nwillpwer nt t click eye-catching “news”, he’ll surely fail. S, it’s better t just keep them ut f sightt begin with.(同样，我们需要建立一个数字环境，让那些吸引眼球的东西远离我们的视线。就像节食一样，如果一个人试图依靠意志力不去点击引人注目的“新闻”，他肯定会失败。所以，最好一开始就把它们放在视线之外)”可推知，作者在第三段提到节食者，是为了强调我们需要建立一个让那些吸引眼球的东西远离我们的视线的数字环境，以此来表明环境的重要性。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Trlls are actrs wh internatinally spread false and hurtful infrmatin nline t cause harm. It may be appealing t respnd t them t set the facts straight, but trlls just care abut annying thers rather than facts. S, it’s best nt t reward their bad behaviur with ur attentin.(喷子是指故意在网上传播虚假和有害信息以造成伤害的行为者。回复他们澄清事实可能很有吸引力，但喷子只关心惹恼别人，而不是事实。所以，最好不要用我们的关注来奖励他们的坏行为)”可知，对付网络喷子，我们最好对他们充耳不闻。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But in the digital age, accrding t Anastasia Kzyreva, a psychlgist at the Max Planck Institute f Human Develpment, and her clleagues, an even mre imprtant skill is critical ignring.(但根据马克斯·普朗克人类发展研究所的心理学家阿纳斯塔西娅·科兹列娃和她的同事们的说法，在数字时代，一项更重要的技能是“批判性忽视”)”和第三段中“Accrding t Kzyreva, critical ignring cmprises three strategies.(Kzyreva认为，“批判性忽视”包括三种策略)”以及后文对这三种策略的具体介绍可推知，所以本文主要讨论了在数字时代，需要练习“批判性忽视”技巧。故选B项。
D
There’s an enrmus amunt f persnal health infrmatin peple nw feed r tap int digital mnitrs, health apps, search engines and ther nline tls. If the same infrmatin were prvided in yur dctr’s ffice, yur privacy wuld be safeguarded. But that’s nt hw the digitized health wrld wrks.
Instead, we have an ecsystem f abuse in which health technlgy cmpanies perate largely utside the law that requires dctrs and ther medical persnnel, hspitals and insurers t prtect an individual’s health infrmatin.
That means technlgy cmpanies can — and d — dig yur digital data fr clues abut yur health status, accessing infrmatin like prescriptins yu have purchased and ther health services yu might have sught, and ptentially link this infrmatin t yur name, address, email address and ther persnally identifying infrmatin. The data can then be used by platfrms including Facebk and Ggle t help advertisers target prmtins r ther cmmunicatins t yu.
It’s a gaping hle in health privacy prtectins that cmes frm the privacy law, which prtects interactins between patients, medical prfessinals and insurers but des nt, in mst cases, prtect patient health data that is recrded n new technlgies.
Clsing the patient privacy gap can- and shuld -be a pririty fr lawmakers. The cnsequences f digital expsure fr thse seeking reprductive services have drawn significant cncern and attentin. These wrries are reasnable. But reprductive care is nly ne area f health services where private patient infrmatin is digitally disclsed.
Therefre, lawmakers must take actin t prtect the privacy f peple wh are nw nline fr all manners f persnal, prfessinal and ther reasns. Until then, a narrwly targeted apprach that prtects health privacy may be plitically easier t cme int effect. The explsin f digital health technlgy and the dramatic increase in its use in the past few years require it greatly.
12. What can we learn abut the present situatin f the digitized health wrld?
A. Persnal health data is used fr ther purpses.
B. Persnal health infrmatin is difficult t identify.
C. Targeted prmtins are used t imprve peple’s health.
D. Medical persnnel prtect the persnal health infrmatin well.
13. What’s the authr’s attitude twards the present privacy law?
A. Apprving.B. Critical.C. Cautius.D. Ambiguus.
14. What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 6 refer t?
A. The spread f health service.
B. Peple’s privacy.
C. A narrwly targeted apprach.
D. The explsin f digital technlgy.
15. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T advcate imprvement in the privacy law.
B. T reprt cases f illegal infrmatin expsure.
C. T explain hw the digitized health wrld wrks.
D. T intrduce a debate n the effect f technlgy.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕数字化健康世界中个人隐私保护的问题展开论述，分析了当前健康技术公司在处理个人健康信息时存在的法律漏洞和滥用现象，并强调了立法者需要采取行动来保护个人隐私的重要性。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Instead, we have an ecsystem f abuse in which health technlgy cmpanies perate largely utside the law that requires dctrs and ther medical persnnel, hspitals and insurers t prtect an individual’s health infrmatin.(相反，我们有一个滥用的生态系统，在这个生态系统中，医疗技术公司在很大程度上违反了要求医生和其他医务人员、医院和保险公司保护个人健康信息的法律)”以及第三段“That means technlgy cmpanies can — and d — dig yur digital data fr clues abut yur health status, accessing infrmatin like prescriptins yu have purchased and ther health services yu might have sught, and ptentially link this infrmatin t yur name, address, email address and ther persnally identifying infrmatin. The data can then be used by platfrms including Facebk and Ggle t help advertisers target prmtins r ther cmmunicatins t yu.(这意味着科技公司可以——也确实做到了——挖掘你的数字数据，寻找你健康状况的线索，获取你购买的处方和你可能寻求的其他健康服务等信息，并可能将这些信息与你的姓名、地址、电子邮件地址和其他个人身份信息联系起来。然后，这些数据可以被包括Facebk和谷歌在内的平台使用，以帮助广告商向你定向促销或其他通信)”可知，现在我们的个人健康信息没有得到应有的保护，反而这些数据被包括Facebk和谷歌在内的平台使用，以帮助广告商向你定向促销或其他通信。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“It’s a gaping hle in health privacy prtectins that cmes frm the privacy law, which prtects interactins between patients, medical prfessinals and insurers but des nt, in mst cases, prtect patient health data that is recrded n new technlgies.(这是来自隐私法的健康隐私保护的一个巨大漏洞，隐私法保护患者，医疗专业人员和保险公司之间的互动，但在大多数情况下，不保护记录在新技术上的患者健康数据)”可知，作者认为现行的隐私法存在巨大漏洞。由此推知，他对现行隐私法是批评的。故选B。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“Until then, a narrwly targeted apprach that prtects health privacy may be plitically easier t cme int effect.(在此之前，保护健康隐私的针对性较窄的方法在政治上可能更容易生效)”以及划线单词上文“The explsin f digital health technlgy and the dramatic increase in its use in the past few years require it greatly.(数字医疗技术的爆炸式增长及其使用在过去几年中急剧增加，对它提出了极大的要求)”可推测，划线词it指的是上文提到的“targeted apprach”。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Therefre, lawmakers must take actin t prtect the privacy f peple wh are nw nline fr all manners f persnal, prfessinal and ther reasns. Until then, a narrwly targeted apprach that prtects health privacy may be plitically easier t cme int effect. The explsin f digital health technlgy and the dramatic increase in its use in the past few years require it greatly.(因此，立法者必须采取行动，保护那些出于个人、职业和其他原因上网的人的隐私。在此之前，保护健康隐私的针对性较窄的方法在政治上可能更容易生效。数字医疗技术的爆炸式增长及其使用在过去几年中急剧增加，对它提出了极大的要求)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了数字化健康世界中个人隐私保护的问题，特别指出了当前隐私法存在的漏洞以及健康技术公司如何滥用个人健康信息。作者强调了这一问题的严重性，并呼吁立法者采取行动来弥补这一漏洞，保护个人隐私。由此推知，文章的目的是倡导改进隐私法，以确保个人健康信息得到妥善保护。故选A。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
Claustrphbia
Claustrphbia, r fear f enclsed spaces, in ne f the mst cmmn fears. Claustrphbia can be deep fear r even panic as a result f being in a small space.
Claustrphbia can develp after a trubling childhd experience, r frm anther unpleasant experience later n in life related t small spaces. ___16___.This respnse then becmes prgrammed in the brain, making an assciatin between being in a tight space and feeling anxius r ut-f-cntrl. As a result, the persn ften develps claustrphbia.
___17___. Claustrphbia symptms can include: sweating, accelerated heartbeat, upset stmach, shaking, breathing prblem, etc. The claustrphbia sufferer will lk fr an exit when inside a rm, avid driving n the highway r majr rads where there is heavy traffic when inside a car, r stand near a dr when at a party. ___18___.
Claustrphbia can have harmful scial and psychlgical effects, since the patient will ften avid situatins in which she thinks she will have an anxiety attack, leading t hiding and sadness.
___19___. Expsure treatment, a frm f mind-behaviral treatment, usually results in a ttal reductin in anxiety symptms if cnducted prperly. Flding is a type f expsure treatment in which the persn is expsed t a situatin until the anxiety attack passes. ___20___. Medicatins t help treat claustrphbia include things which help t ease the heart beating t fast ften assciated with anxiety attacks.
A. Accrding t sme dctrs, claustrphbia is wrse than the fear f heights
B. The past experience can trace back t the mment f birth
C. The gd news is that claustrphbia is very treatable
D. When a persn with claustrphbia finds herself in a restricted space, her bdy respnds in certain ways
E. In extreme cases, the very sight f a clsed dr can lead t feelings f anxiety in a persn
F. Treatment fr claustrphbia can als include medicatin r a cmbinatin f several treatments
G. When a persn experiences such an event, it can ften cause a frightening panic attack
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. E 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了幽闭恐惧症的症状和治疗方法。
【16题详解】
根据空格前“Claustrphbia can develp after a trubling childhd experience, r frm anther unpleasant experience later n in life related t small spaces.”（幽闭恐惧症可能是在童年经历过一次令人不安的经历后发展起来的，也可能是在以后的生活中与小空间有关的另一次不愉快的经历中发展起来的）可知，童年有过困扰经历的孩子或生活中有关于狭窄空间的不愉快经历的人容易患上幽闭恐惧症。接下来要说有这些经历的人们会有惊恐感。G项（当一个人经历这样的事件时，通常会引起可怕的恐慌）与空前内容可以照应，连接顺畅。故选G。
【17题详解】
空格后“Claustrphbia symptms can include: sweating, accelerated heartbeat, upset stmach, shaking, breathing prblem, etc.”（幽闭恐惧症症状包括：出汗、心跳加速、胃部不适、颤抖、呼吸困难等）列举了一系列身体反应，可以得知空格处指出当有幽闭恐惧症的人处于封闭空间时身体会有一些反应。D项（当一个患有幽闭恐惧症的人发现自己处于一个受限的空间时，她的身体会以某些方式做出反应）能够引出下文。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据空格前“The claustrphbia sufferer will lk fr an exit when inside a rm, avid driving n the highway r majr rads where there is heavy traffic when inside a car, r stand near a dr when at a party”（幽闭恐惧症患者在房间内会寻找出口，在车内避免在交通繁忙的高速公路或主要道路上行驶，或者在聚会时站在门附近）可知，患有幽闭恐惧症的人在屋内就会找出口、避免在高速上开车或者在聚会时站在门附近，此处承接上文，继续说幽闭恐惧症患者在另一些情况下的表现，E项（在极端情况下，一看到关着的门就会导致一个人感到焦虑）符合要求，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据空格后“Expsure treatment, a frm f mind-behaviral treatment, usually results in a ttal reductin in anxiety symptms if cnducted prperly.”（暴露治疗是一种心理行为治疗，如果进行得当，通常会完全减轻焦虑症状）可知，暴露治疗法能够有效缓解焦虑，因此，C项（好消息是幽闭恐惧症是可治的）能概括下面段落的主要内容。故选C。
【20题详解】
空格后“Medicatins t help treat claustrphbia include things which help t ease the heart beating t fast ften assciated with anxiety attacks.”（帮助治疗幽闭恐惧症的药物包括有助于缓解心跳过快的物质，这些物质通常与焦虑症发作有关）是药物治疗的好处，F项（幽闭恐惧症的治疗也可以包括药物治疗或几种治疗的结合）引出下文药物治疗这一话题。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was ten when my mther was diagnsed with cancer. Prir t that, she had been a(n) ___21___ wman, active t an extent mst peple fund astnishing. As a child, I was amazed by her accmplishments. But at thirty-ne, her life ___22___. And s did mine.
She culd d anything, I ___23___. She wn tennis turnaments. She tk phtgraphs and held her wn exhibitin. She ___24___ as a newspaper clumnist, and she cked Spanish dishes fr the family.
Nw, she faced her illness with the same ___25___. Wrds like “disabled” and “physical therapy” became part f a(n) ___26___ new wrld we entered tgether. ___27___, I began t help take care f her. And it became rutine t ___28___ her int the kitchen, where she instructed me in the ___29___ f peeling carrts and ptates and hw t prepare a decent breakfast.
Every accmplishment was a ____30____ fr us bth: the electric typewriter, the car with pwer steering and brakes, her return t ____31____, where she earned a master’s degree in special educatin. She eventually funded an activist supprt grup called The Handicappers. One day, withut ____32____ much befrehand, she tk me t a Handicappers meeting. I had never seen s many peple with s many ____33____. I returned hme, thinking hw ____34____ we really were.
Because my mther accepted her cnditin with such ptimism, I rarely felt sad r resentful abut it. Instead, I viewed her drive t lk frward t things I ____35____ as a great mystery and pwerful inspiratin in my life.
21. A. gentleB. energeticC. talentedD. decent
22. A. changedB. failedC. imprvedD. paused
23. A. imaginedB. admittedC. dubtedD. believed
24. A. appliedB. spkeC. wrteD. studied
25. A. successB. sincerityC. enthusiasmD. wisdm
26. A. familiarB. strangeC. excitingD. changeable
27. A. GraduallyB. ParticularlyC. AlternativelyD. Finally
28. A. dragB. pullC. guideD. wheel
29. A. artB. significanceC. safetyD. plan
30. A. slutinB. milestneC. dreamD. warning
31. A. hspitalB. curtC. wrkD. cllege
32. A. sayingB. hidingC. pretendingD. shwing
33. A. giftsB. disabilitiesC. weaknessesD. privileges
34. A. strngB. hpelessC. helpfulD. frtunate
35. A. tk int accuntB. bre in mindC. tk fr grantedD. kept in check
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的母亲在生病后依旧保持之前对于生活的热情，完成了一个个的成就，作者原本认为理所当然获得的东西，在母亲的努力追求下，变成了生命中一个伟大的奥秘和强大的灵感。
21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，她一直是一个精力充沛的女人，活跃到大多数人都觉得不可思议的程度。A. gentle温柔的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. talented有才能的；D. decent得体的。根据下文“active t an extent mst peple fund astnishing”可知，在被诊断癌症之前，母亲是一个十分活跃的人，精力充沛。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在31岁时，她的生活发生了变化。A. changed改变；B. failed失败；C. imprved提高；D. paused暂停。根据上文“I was ten when my mther was diagnsed with cancer.”可知，在31岁那年，母亲被诊断为癌症，她的生活发生了变化。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信她能做任何事。A. imagined想象；B. admitted承认；C. dubted怀疑；D. believed相信。根据后文“She wn tennis turnaments. She tk phtgraphs and held her wn exhibitin.”可知，作者相信母亲能做任何事。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是报纸的专栏作家，还为家里做西班牙菜。A. applied应用，申请；B. spke说；C. wrte写；D. studied学习，研究。根据下文“as a newspaper clumnist”可知，母亲以前是作家，会写作。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，她以同样的热情面对自己的疾病。A. success成功；B. sincerity真诚；C. enthusiasm热情；D. wisdm智慧。根据上文“Nw, she faced her illness with the same”，前文作者描述母亲对于生活的热情和下文“Because my mther accepted her cnditin with such ptimism”母亲以如此乐观的态度接受了她的病情可知，此处表示用同样的热情面对自己的疾病。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像“残疾的”和“物理治疗”这样的词成为我们共同进入的一个陌生新世界的一部分。A. familiar熟悉的；B. strange陌生的；C. exciting令人激动的；D. changeable可改变的。根据下文“new wrld”可知，生病对于作者和母亲来说是全新的陌生世界的一部分。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我开始帮助照顾她。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Particularly尤其；C. Alternatively要不，或者；D. Finally最终。根据下文“I began t help take care f her.”可知，作者逐渐开始帮助照顾母亲。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把她推到厨房，她教我如何削胡萝卜和土豆的皮，以及如何准备一顿像样的早餐，这成了我的例行公事。A. drag拖，拽；B. pull拉；C. guide指导；D. wheel推动。根据上文“Wrds like “disabled” and “physical therapy” became part f”可知，由于母亲残疾，作者不得不用轮椅推动她。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把她推到厨房，她教我如何削胡萝卜和土豆的皮，以及如何准备一顿像样的早餐，这成了我的例行公事。A. art艺术；B. significance意义；C. safety安全；D. plan计划。根据“she instructed me in the___9___f peeling carrts and ptates”可知，此处指母亲教作者削胡萝卜和土豆皮，即，削胡萝卜和土豆皮的艺术。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一项成就对我们俩来说都是里程碑：电动打字机，有动力转向和刹车的汽车，她重返大学，在那里她获得了特殊教育硕士学位。A. slutin解决方案；B. milestne里程碑；C. dream梦想；D. warning警告。根据下文“the electric typewriter, the car with pwer steering and brakes”和“she earned a master’s degree in special educatin”可知，每一项成就都是里程碑。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一项成就对我们俩来说都是里程碑：电动打字机，有动力转向和刹车的汽车，她重返大学，在那里她获得了特殊教育硕士学位。A. hspital医院；B. curt庭院；C. wrk工作；D. cllege大学。根据下文“where she earned a master’s degree in special educatin”可知，母亲还重返了大学学习。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，她事先没多说什么，就带我去参加残障人士会议。A. saying说；B. hiding躲藏；C. pretending假装；D. shwing展示。根据“withut___12___much befrehand, she tk me t a Handicappers meeting.”可知，母亲没有说太多就带作者去参加残障人士会议。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有见过这么多残疾人。A. gifts礼物；B. disabilities残疾；C. weaknesses弱点；D. privileges特权。根据上文“Handicappers meeting”可知，在残障人士会议上，有很多残疾人。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我回到家，想着我们是多么幸运。A. strng强壮的；B. hpeless没有希望的；C. helpful乐于助人的；D. frtunate幸运的。根据整段的描述，这是母亲生病后的成就，且加入了对应的一些会议组织，这对于她们来说是幸运的。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：相反，我把她期待我认为理所当然的事情的动力看作是我生命中一个伟大的奥秘和强大的灵感。A. tk int accunt仔细考虑；B. bre in mind记住；C. tk fr granted认为是理所当然；D. kept in check保持控制。根据“her drive t lk frward t things I___15___”可知，作者原本认为理所当然获得的东西，在患病母亲的努力追求下有了新的意义，它们变成了生命中一个伟大的奥秘和强大的灵感。故选C项。
第二节 (共15题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
36. In recent years,Chinese traditinal drama has been getting ___________ (increse) ppular wrldwide.(所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】increasingly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：近年来，中国传统戏剧在世界范围内越来越受欢迎。分析句子结构可知，此处要使用副词状语修饰形容词，故填increasingly。
37. The members will serve________ part f a crew cnducting invasive plant treatment and habitat restrratin effrts. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】as
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：这些成员将作为进行入侵植物处理和栖息地重建工作的工作人员的一部分。短语serve as“充当”符合句意，故填as。
38. Amng the mst surprsing ___________(discvery) was a large stne cmplex nw called La Cuernavilla. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】discveries
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：其中最令人惊讶发现是一个巨大的石头建筑群，现在被称为La Cuernavilla。根据空前的amng和surprising可知，此处要用名词的复数形式discveries，故填discveries。
39. Because the prcess f cllecting and biling dwn the sap t make maple syrup __________ (require) a lt f manpwer and time, it’s quite expensive. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】requires
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：因为收集和煮沸树液来制作枫糖浆的过程需要大量的人力和时间，所以非常昂贵。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为the prcess，谓语用三单形式。故填requires。
40. Cut dwn n _______ yu thrw away and watch ut fr single-use items like cffee pds whse prductin generates greenhuse gases. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】what
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：减少你扔掉的东西，注意像咖啡荚这样的一次性物品，它们的生产会产生温室气体。分析句子成分可知“yu thrw away”作的是介词n 的宾语，故为宾语从句，且从句中缺少thrw的宾语，故用连接代词what 来引导宾语从句。故填what。
41. S ________ (ambitin) is Jhn that he aims t set up his wn cmpany. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】ambitius
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：约翰雄心勃勃，打算成立自己的公司。句子是句型，s+adj置句首，用部分倒装，因此作表语应用形容词ambitius，故填ambitius。
42. Many a prgram f ecnmic refrms ________ (apprve) by the Parliament s far. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】has been apprved
【解析】
【详解】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，议会已经批准了许多经济改革方案。分析句子可知，s far表示“迄今为止”，结合句子来看，本句描述的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响，还可能持续发生下去，应用现在完成时，且空处谓语动词要与主语Many a prgram保持主谓一致，其中many a为固定搭配，表示“许多”，后接可数名词单数，作主语时，谓语动词也要用单数形式，所以填has been apprved，表示“已经批准”。故填has been apprved。
43. A park in Dandng, Lianing prvince,__________ (feature) sculptures, pened t the public n 22 Oct,2020. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】featuring
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2020年10月22日，辽宁省丹东市一个以雕塑为特色的公园向公众开放。分析句子成分可知，这句话的主语是A park，谓语是pened，feature在这里作非谓语，和主语之间是主动关系，故用现在分词featuring作定语。故填featuring。
44. Prfessrs and students alike in the three universities made ______ epic jurney ver a distance f mre than 2,000 kilmeters , mst f them n ft. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】an
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：这三所大学的教授和学生们进行了一次长达2000多公里的史诗般的旅程，其中大多数是步行的。根据空后的名词jurney可知，此处应用冠词。根据句意可知此处是泛指且epic是元音音素开头，故填 an。
45. Fllwing in the ftsteps f his wn teacher all thse years ag, Mr. Wang has nw passed n his skills t the new memebers, ________ will take n many f the future repairs. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】wh
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：跟随多年前他自己老师的脚步，王先生现在把他的技能传授给了新成员，他们将承担未来的许多维修工作。分析句子成分可知，该空引导非限制性定语从句，the new members为先行词，指物，关系词替代先行词在定语从句作主语，故用关系代词wh。故填wh。
46. N agreement reached, the _______（represent）wanted anther rund f talk. （用单词适当形式填空）
【答案】representatives
【解析】
【详解】句意：代表们没有达成协议，要求再进行一轮会谈。此处作主语用名词复数形式，故填representatives。
47. There is much t learn ,share and celebrate n Wrld Olive Tree Day, and UNESCO encurages everyne t participate in activities such as debates and exhibitins__________ (rganize) wrldwide. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】rganized
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在世界橄榄树日有许多值得学习、分享和庆祝的东西，教科文组织鼓励每个人都参加在世界各地组织的辩论和展览等活动。此处rganize与activities构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填rganized。
48. This lack f self-interest and prmtin kept Cunningham fcused n his craft , enbling him ____________ (capture) New Yrk’s unique street style. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t capture
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这种对自身利益和晋升的缺乏使Cunningham专注于他的手艺，使他能够捕捉到纽约独特的街头风格。根据空前的enabling可知，此处考查固定短语enable sb. t d sth. 使某人能够做某事。故填t capture。
49. What is specially impressive abut the drama is that the danes are adapted _________ mre than 100 Dunhuang Grtt murals (壁画) f Gansu Prvince. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】frm
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：该剧特别令人印象深刻的是，丹麦人改编自甘肃省敦煌石窟壁画。根据句意可知此处考查固定短语be adapted frm，改编自……。故填frm。
50. S d yur bdy and future self a favr by frcing _________ (yur) t eat healthy meals thrughut the day. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】yurself
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：所以，强迫自己每天吃健康的食物，对你的身体和未来的自己都有好处。结合前文的yur bdy，此处作宾语，表示“你自己”应用反身代词yurself。故填yurself。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
51. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，请你以“my lw-carbn life”为题写一篇保护环境的演讲稿。内容包括：
1、低碳生活的重要性；
2、你的具体做法
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
My lw-carbn life
It’s ur duty t prtect the envirnment. Lw-carbn life is gd fr everyne. T help with the envirnment, I always walk r ride a bike t schl instead f taking a car. Besides, I will try t use things that can be recycled and I never frget t turn ff the lights when I leave the classrm. I think it’s my duty t live a lw-carbn life. And even the simplest activities can make a real difference t the envirnment. S I suggest we shuld reuse bks as lng as pssible. And we’d better nt spend much mney n expensive clthes.
If everyne des smething fr the envirnment, I believe the earth will be a better place. Lwer-carbn life, happier life.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“my lw-carbn life”为题写一篇保护环境的演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
责任：duty→respnsibility
保护：prtect→preserve
关闭：turn ff→switch ff
此外：besides→in additin
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：T help with the envirnment, I always walk r ride a bike t schl instead f taking a car.
拓展句：I always walk r ride a bike t schl instead f taking a car s that I can help with the envirnment.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Besides, I will try t use things that can be recycled and I never frget t turn ff the lights when I leave the classrm. (运用了that引导的定语从句和when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] S I suggest we shuld reuse bks as lng as pssible. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Mary entered the suth Ple Penguin Research Lab, she saw her friend Tm gently strking (轻抚) a penguin in his arms. As children f the lab scientists, Mary and Tm ften bserved the emperr penguins that were studied t understand hw they adapted t extreme temperatures —insights that culd aid human survival.
“We’re thirteen, Tm. It’s time t grw up and stp playing with the lab penguins,” said Mary as she started cleaning. “They’re research animals, nt pets.”
“But the birds listen t me1” insisted Tm, his breath frming a clud in the freezing air. “Yu’re just trying t be a penguin whisperer again,” Mary replied, shaking her head with a gentle smile. The penguins seemed playful as they walked, dve, swam and chased their live fish fr sprt befre eating.
Suddenly , an alarm rang ut and red lights flashed , signaling a prblem. The kids rushed ver t lk int it. “It’s clder than befre —there’s ice frming n the water,” nted Tm. Thugh always cld, Mary had never seen ice here befre. She checked the habitat mnitr and fund that the temperature had gne dwn a lt. “The heater must be brken!”
Mary quickly sent a message t their parents’ research team, wh were cnducting utdr studies. With the adults away, the kids wuld have t deal with the freezing cnditins until help arrived.
Time dragged as Mary and Tm anxiusly waited. The increasing cld caused them t shake. “I wnder what emperr penguins d in extreme cld, since they stay in the Ple all winter instead f ging smewhere warmer,” asked Mary. “They huddle (挤作一团), ” Tm answered. “They huddle tgether tightly s that the birds in the middle will be warm enugh.” “What abut the nes n the edge?” Mary asked. “They push their way twards the center, and then mve back ut t the edge, and struggle back again. Scientists in the early 21st century recrded it.” He replied as he stared at the large crwd f the penguins in the lab.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
”I have an idea t stay warm1" Tm shuted excitedly.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tw and a half hurs later , the parents returned with help.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】“I have an idea t stay warm!” Tm shuted excitedly. Spreading his arms, he suggested jining the penguin huddles. Wrried that the penguins wuldn’t let them, Mary hesitated but was sn persuaded by Tm’s assuring grin. He slwly apprached the crwded penguins, cruching dwn. Gently strking them with care, he whispered sftly. Thugh startled at first, the penguins recgnized Tm and let him int their grup. Mary quickly fllwed. The children squeezed int the huddle’s edge with the penguins. Just as the birds did, they mved tward the middle and back ut as the grup shifted.
Tw and a half hurs later, the parents returned with help. Rushing in calling fr the kids, they were surprised. The children were safely surrunded by Emperrs in a large bundle. When asked hw they stayed warm, the kids lked at each ther prudly. “We used what the Emperr Penguins d,” they tld their parents. Mary patted Tm’s shulder with admiratin, calling him a penguin whisperer. With a big smile, Tm gave credit t the penguins wh taught them a lt. Their teamwrk had seen them thrugh the difficult cld with the penguins’ aid.
【解析】
【导语】本文以动物为线索展开，讲述了一个关于爱护动物以及通过学习帝企鹅的保暖方式度过严寒的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我有一个保暖的主意!”Tm兴奋地喊道。”以及第二段首句内容“两个半小时后，父母带着救援人员回来了。”可知，第一段可描写Tm想到可以向帝企鹅学习度过严寒。
②由第二段首句内容“两个半小时后，父母带着救援人员回来了。”可知，第二段可描写父母惊讶地发现孩子们和帝企鹅团在一起从而保持温暖活了下来。
2.续写线索：Tm和Mary一起在南极企鹅研究实验室观察帝企鹅——他们从小就研究帝企鹅，非常熟悉这些动物——突然Mary发现实验室的加热器坏了——Mary向父母求救，但是父母在户外进行研究——实验室越来越冷，孩子们开始想办法保暖——Tm突然想起帝企鹅在严寒中是如何保暖的——于是，两个孩子加入了实验室的企鹅群，和企鹅们团在了一起——父母回来后，惊讶地发现帝企鹅正围着孩子们，孩子也安然无恙
3.词汇激活
行为类
①建议：suggest/advise
②靠近：apprach/cme clse t
③称赞：give credit t/praise
情绪类
①担忧的：wrried/cncerned/anxius
②惊讶的：surprised/amazed/astnished
【点睛】【高分句型1】When asked hw they stayed warm, the kids lked at each ther prudly.（运用了hw引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】With a big smile, Tm gave credit t the penguins wh taught them a lt.（运用了wh引导的定语从句）
1-5CCBAB 6-10BCABC 11-15BBCAB 16-20ACBCA
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