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04- 备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用）（解析版）
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这是一份04- 备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用）（解析版），共18页。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My Her
T me, a her is smene wh ges ut f his way t make thers happy. My her is Mr. Wright, my chrus teacher.
When I was 12 years ld, my dear grandparents passed away. Lsing them was the hardest thing I had t g thrugh. It was as if my whle wrld had fallen dwn frm under me, and I 1 int this huge hle f depressin.
2 I was battling depressin, I was determined t make my high schl years the best f my life. S I jined Wmen’s Chir. Mr. Wright was the chral directr and he was s funny that the first day I knew I had made the best 3 f my life. As the year prgressed, I began t smile again.
Then ne day that all changed. My friends started talking abut me behind my back. I was 4 , and I sat by myself. Mr. Wright came ver and asked what was wrng. The lk in his eyes tld me that I culd trust him. Trying hard t 5 back tears, I tld him the whle stry.
When I finished, he tld me, “If yu never learn anything frm me, learn this: N ne is wrth 6 yur jy.” What Mr. Wright said really struck me. He 7 cared abut me and what was ging n. I’ll never be able t thank him enugh, because he nt nly saved me but has 8 every day f it since. Any time I feel like giving up, I remember Mr. Wright’s wrds and 9 .
I’m glad I had the pprtunity t meet yu, Mr. Wright. Yu are an 10 teacher, and I hpe yu realize that. Yu’re my her.
1．A．lkedB．brkeC．fellD．turned
2．A．IfB．AlthughC．BecauseD．Once
3．A．suggestinB．decisinC．effrtD．ffer
4．A．refusedB．frgttenC．hurtD．trapped
5．A．setB．fightC．takeD．call
6．A．stealingB．sharingC．hidingD．feeling
7．A．cheerfullyB．nrmallyC．exactlyD．truly
8．A．madeB．startedC．understdD．influenced
9．A．break utB．hld upC．take verD．push frward
10．A．amusingB．ambitiusC．amazingD．advanced
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．D 9．D 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者中学时期经历了失去祖父母后陷入抑郁，通过加入合唱团和遇到指挥Wright先生找回快乐和勇气的故事。Wright先生给予了作者关怀和鼓励，成为了作者心目中的英雄。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就好像我的整个世界都从我身下塌了下来，我掉进了这个巨大的沮丧的洞里。A. lked看起来；B. brke打破；C. fell掉下来；D. turned转过身。根据后文“int this huge hle f depressin”可知，因为自己祖父母的去世，作者掉进了巨大的沮丧的洞里。故选C。
2．考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我一直在与抑郁作斗争，但我决心让我的高中时光成为我生命中最美好的时光。A. If如果；B. Althugh尽管；C. Because因为；D. Once一旦。前后两句构成转折关系，即虽然作者一直在与抑郁作斗争，但她决心让自己的高中时光变得很美好。故选B。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Wright先生是合唱团的指挥，他非常有趣，所以第一天我就知道我做出了一生中最好的决定。A. suggestin建议；B. decisin决定；C. effrt努力；D. ffer提供。根据后文“As the year prgressed, I began t smile again.”可知，作者加入到了这个合唱团后，脸上再次展露笑容，由此可知这是作者做出的最好的决定。故选B。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到受到伤害，只能独自坐着。A. refused拒绝；B. frgtten忘记；C. hurt伤害；D. trapped困住。根据“My friends started talking abut me behind my back.”可知，因为听到同学在背后议论自己，作者感受到被伤害了。故选C。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我强忍着眼泪，把事情原原本本告诉了他。A. set设置；B. fight与……作斗争；C. take接受；D. call打电话。根据“back tears”可推知，作者强忍着泪水，此处fight back tears为固定短语，意为“忍住泪水”。故选B。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使你从我这里学不到任何东西，也请记住这个道理：没有任何人值得偷走你的快乐。A. stealing偷走；B. sharing分享；C. hiding隐藏；D. feeling感觉。根据前文“My friends started talking abut me behind my back. I was ___4___, and I sat by myself.”可知，作者知道有同学在背后议论自己，感到很孤单受伤，变得不快乐，因此Wright先生会安慰作者世界上没有人值得偷走她的快乐。故选A。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他真的很关心我，也很关心发生了什么。A. cheerfully愉快地；B. nrmally通常地；C. exactly准确地；D. truly真正地。根据前文“If yu never learn anything frm me, learn this: N ne is wrth ___6___ yur jy.”可知，Wright先生倾听作者身上发生的事情后悉心地安慰作者，因此作者认为他是真正地关心自己。故选D。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在怎样感激他都不为过，因为他不仅救了我，而且从那以后的每一天都影响着我。A. made制造；B. started开始；C. understd理解；D. influenced影响。根据后文“Any time I feel like giving up, I remember Mr. Wright’s wrds and ___9___.”可知，Wright先生的话让作者懂得不要放弃，因此是影响着作者。故选D。
9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每当我想要放弃的时候，我就会想起Wright先生的话，然后继续努力。A. break ut爆发；B. hld up拖延；C. take ver接管；D. push frward推动。根据前文“I remember Mr. Wright’s wrds”可知，每当作者要放弃的时候，会想起Wright先生的话，然后继续努力。故选D。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你是个了不起的老师，我希望你能意识到这一点。A. amusing有趣的；B. ambitius有雄心的；C. amazing了不起的；D. advanced先进的。根据后文“Yu’re my her.”可知，作者认为Wright先生是自己的英雄，因此Wright先生是一个了不起的老师。故选C。
第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
A
（2023上·北京朝阳·高三统考期中）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Gather a cuple f friends and take a leisurely walk thrugh the streets—this is 11 many yungsters enjy ding when they visit a new city. T them, citywalk means wandering arund the city n ft. Participants can fllw a distinctive urban rute, 12 (explre) the city at their wn pace. Cmpared with famus 13 (spt) and big crwds, they prefer t gain a mre inclusive experience f the places they visit.
【答案】11．what 12．explring 13．spts
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍许多年轻人喜欢结伴在城市街头漫步，这种步行游览方式让他们能以自己的节奏探索城市，获得更全面的游览体验，而不是去热门景点挤人群。
11．考查名词性从句。句意：约上几个朋友，在街上悠闲地散步——这是许多年轻人在访问一个新城市时喜欢做的事情。分析句子结构可知，本句为表语从句。从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。
12．考查非谓语动词。句意：参与者可以沿着独特的城市路线，以自己的节奏探索城市。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语Participants与explre之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填explring。
13．考查名词的数。句意：与著名景点和拥挤的人群相比，他们更喜欢在他们参观的地方获得更全面的体验。名词spt为可数名词，泛指许多景点，用复数形式。故填spts。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处的括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
This year, the 13th Spring Festival Jint Exhibitin f Chinese Bks, 14 theme was “Reading China”, was held n January 24th in 85 bkstres wrldwide. It carried ut a variety f activities such as bk exhibitins and cultural perfrmances. Bks 15 (display)in the exhibitin were philsphical and artistic, which 16 (clse) met the needs f verseas readers. Overall, this year’s bk exhibitin presented the newest and finest Chinese publicatins 17 lcal readers s that they culd better understand China in the new era.
【答案】14．whse 15．displayed 16．clsely 17．t
【导语】本文是新闻报道。介绍今年1月24日，以“阅读中国”为主题的第十三届中国图书春节联展在全球85家书店举行。
14．考查定语从句。句意：今年1月24日，以“阅读中国”为主题的第十三届中国图书春节联展在全球85家书店举行。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the 13th Spring Festival Jint Exhibitin f Chinese Bks，在从句中作定语，应该用whse引导。故填whse。
15．考查非谓语动词。句意：展览中展出的书籍具有哲学性和艺术性，非常符合海外读者的需求。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词were，所以display用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是bks，两者间是被动关系，应该用过去分词作后置定语。故填displayed。
16．考查副词。句意：展览中展出的书籍具有哲学性和艺术性，非常符合海外读者的需求。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的动词met ，应该用副词修饰，clse的副词形式是clsely。故填clsely。
17．考查介词。句意：总的来说，今年的书展向当地读者展示了最新、最好的中国出版物，让他们更好地了解新时代的中国。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：present sth. t sb.意为“把某物展现给某人”。故填t。
C
（2023上·北京海淀·高三统考期中）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
I was nt riginally attracted t nature. Fr me, nature was assciated with the few minutes playing sccer in the 18 (nice) cut grass. But in Michigan, nature presents itself in many frms such as sledding as fast as yu can dwn the hill r swimming in ne f the five great lakes. These experiences encuraged me 19 (explre) ne f the raw frms f cnnecting with nature: camping. Althugh I 20 (spend) a lt f time utside, I had never camped r experienced all f what nature ffers.
【答案】18．nicely 19．t explre 20．had spent
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是密歇根的大自然鼓励作者探索大自然的故事。
18．考查副词。句意：对我来说，大自然就是在修剪整齐的草地上踢几分钟足球。空格处用副词nicely修饰动词cut，nicely意为“漂亮地”，故填nicely。
19．考查不定式。句意：这些经历鼓励我去探索与自然联系的一种原始形式：露营。encurage sb. t d是固定短语，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，因此空格处用不定式t explre，故填t explre。
20．考查时态。句意：虽然我花了很多时间在户外，但我从来没有露营过，也没有体验过大自然所提供的一切。由I had never camped r experienced可知，空格处表示过去的过去发生的事情，所以空格处时态是过去完成时，因此空格处是had spent。故填had spent。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
21．The bk Hw Des Chclate Taste n Everest helps readers ________.
A．enjy night-reading time
B．knw rigin stries f chclate
C．identify habitats f sme animals
D．explre places with senses as guides
22．Frm the passage, we can learn that ________.
A．the three bks are available by Octber
B．readers need calculatin skills fr Bk #2
C．Bk # 3 teaches readers hw t make drinks
D．Bk # 1 has a price advantage ver the thers
23．The passage is intended t ________.
A．intrduce sme bks n learning secrets
B．recmmend sme picture bks t parents
C．encurage readers t purchase these bks
D．share sme tips n chsing suitable bks
【答案】21．D 22．B 23．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是三本书的优点。
21．细节理解题。根据Hw Des Chclate Taste On Everest部分的“Yung adventurers will step int the ftprints f the greatest explrers, using their senses as their guides. (年轻的冒险家将踏上最伟大探险家的足迹，用他们的感官作为他们的向导。)”可知，Hw Des Chclate Taste On Everest可以帮助读者以感官为向导探索地方，故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据The Ultimate Riddle Game Fr Kids部分的“The first sectin cnsists f shrt, snappy riddles, the maths sectin requires mental arithmetic (算术), and fr the stries sectin yu will need t discver all the pssible hidden meanings. (第一部分由简短的谜语组成，数学部分需要心算，而故事部分需要你发现所有可能隐藏的含义。)”可知，第二本书的读者需要计算技巧。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据第一本书介绍中的“This bk immerses its yung readers in life in the wrld’s mst fascinating habitats, cuntries and cntinents, as well as thse n ther planets. (这本书让年轻的读者沉浸在世界上最迷人的栖息地、国家和大陆，以及其他星球上的生活中。)”，第二本书介绍中的“The bk is much mre rewarding as the sectins get mre challenging. When yu begin t understand the best way t apprach each riddle type, yur cnfidence, resilience and scre are likely t grw. (随着章节变得更有挑战性，这本书也会变得更有价值。当你开始了解解决每种谜语类型的最佳方法时，你的信心、适应力和得分可能会增长。)”和第三本书的“Ranging frm cre scientific prcesses t the unlikely rigin stries f sme sdas, this bk is sure t have a stry t fascinate every kid. (从核心的科学过程到一些不太可能的苏打水的起源故事，这本书肯定会有一个让每个孩子着迷的故事。)”可知这篇文章主要介绍了三本书的优点，因此目的是鼓励读者购买这些书。故选C。
B
In July 2020, Rex and Britnee Smith realized their tw pet dgs, Jack and Jill, were n lnger in their fenced backyard in Little Rck Arkansas. They went frm dr t dr in their neighbrhd, putting up psters, reaching ut t animal shelters and vets’ ffices and psting n scial media. It was a sad time fr the Smiths, especially fr their 5-year-ld daughter, wh had a special bnd with the dgs.
Eventually in December, the Smiths and their tw children had t relcate abut 300 miles away t McKinney, Texas. They still ccasinally received calls frm shelters r gt pictures f dgs that culd be theirs, but Jack and Jill were never lcated. While the Smiths had heard stries abut dgs being fund and returned t their wners via micrchips, they never expected that t happen t them.
Then in late July 2023, the Little Rck Animal Village called Rex t infrm him Jill had been fund. He immediately called Britnee, wh cried tears f jy. Britnee was a little nervus as they drve t pick up Jill, wrried that she wuldn’t remember them r had changed t be mre aggressive. But that wasn’t the case.
“It’s like she never left us,” Britnee recalled. “She came right int ur arms.” The Smiths said they were unsure what happened t Jill in the three years away, althugh she’d been fund just a few blcks away frm their ld huse. “We wish she culd talk,” Rex said. “We have s many questins t ask her.” Jill was verall healthy but had suffered sme scratches. Her paws were raw, likely frm the 100-degree Fahrenheit heat in Arkansas.
The Smiths immediately tk her t the vet and dg spa, where Jill had her nails clipped, her teeth brushed and her hair cmbed.
Nw they’re still n the lkut fr Jack.
24．What did the Smiths d after the lss f their dgs?
A．They added a fence t their backyard.
B．They tried every means t lk fr them.
C．They did their best t cmfrt their daughter.
D．They mved huse instantly t avid sadness.
25．Why was Britnee anxius n the way t picking up Jill?
A．Years f separatin might make them feel distant.
B．The phne call might end up being fruitless again.
C．Jill might have suffered unimaginable abuse.
D．Her expectatin might make her uncntrllable n the scene.
26．Hw was Jill when she gt reunited with her wners?
A．She lked sick and weak.B．She was beynd recgnitin.
C．She was physically injured.D．She was unable t make a sund.
27．What cnclusin can be drawn abut Jill frm the text?
A．She was adpted several times.
B．She was with Jack in the past few years.
C．She was discvered near Britnee’s new hme.
D．She was indeed greatly valued by her wners.
【答案】24．B 25．A 26．C 27．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Rex和Britnee Smith的宠物狗失而复得的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“They went frm dr t dr in their neighbrhd, putting up psters, reaching ut t animal shelters and vets’ ffices and psting n scial media.(他们在社区里挨家挨户地张贴海报，联系动物收容所和兽医办公室，并在社交媒体上发帖。)”可知，史密斯夫妇在失去狗后想尽了一切办法寻找它们。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段“Britnee was a little nervus as they drve t pick up Jill, wrried that she wuldn’t remember them r had changed t be mre aggressive.(他们开车去接吉尔的时候，布里特尼有点紧张，担心她会不记得他们，或者变得更好斗了。)”可知，Britnee在去接Jill的路上很担心，是因为多年的分离可能会让他们感到疏远。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Jill was verall healthy but had suffered sme scratches.(吉尔总体上很健康，但有几处抓伤。)”可知，吉尔和她的主人团聚时身体上受了点伤。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The Smiths immediately tk her t the vet and dg spa, where Jill had her nails clipped, her teeth brushed and her hair cmbed.(史密斯夫妇立即带她去了兽医和狗狗水疗中心，在那里，吉尔剪了指甲，刷了牙，梳了头。)”可知，Jill的主人确实非常珍视她。故选D。
C
（2023上·北京·高三校联考开学考试）In ur infrmatin-driven sciety, shaping ur wrldview thrugh the media is similar t frming an pinin abut smene slely based n a picture f their ft. While the media might nt deliberately deceive us, it ften fails t prvide a cmprehensive view f reality.
Cnsequently, the questin arises: Where, then, shall we get ur infrmatin frm if nt frm the media? Wh can we trust? Hw abut experts—peple wh devte their wrking lives t understanding their chsen slice f the wrld? Hwever, even experts can fall prey t the allure f versimplificatin, leading t the “single perspective instinct” that hampers(阻碍)ur ability t grasp the intricacies f the wrld.
Simple ideas can be appealing because they ffer a sense f understanding and certainty. And it is easy t take ff dwn a slippery slpe, frm ne attentin-grabbing simple idea t a feeling that this idea beautifully explains, r is the beautiful slutin fr, lts f ther things. The wrld becmes simple that way.
Yet, when we embrace a singular cause r slutin fr all prblems, we risk versimplifying cmplex issues. Fr instance, champining the cncept f equality may lead us t view all prblems thrugh the lens f inequality and see resurce distributin as the sle panacea. Hwever, such rigidity prevents us frm seeing the multidimensinal nature f challenges and hinders true cmprehensin f reality. This “single perspective instinct” ultimately cluds ur judgment and restricts ur capacity t tackle cmplex issues effectively.
It saves a lt f time t think like this. Yu can have pinins and answers withut having t learn abut a prblem frm scratch and yu can get n with using yur brain fr ther tasks. But it’s nt s useful if yu like t understand the wrld. Being always in favr f r always against any particular idea makes yu blind t infrmatin that desn’t fit yur perspective. This is usually a bad apprach if yu wuld like t understand reality.
Instead, cnstantly test yur favrite ideas fr weaknesses. Be humble abut the extent f yur expertise. Be curius abut new infrmatin that desn’t fit, and infrmatin frm ther fields. And rather than talking nly t peple wh agree with yu, r cllecting examples that fit yur ideas, cnsult peple wh cntradict yu, disagree with yu, and put frward different ideas as a great resurce fr understanding the wrld. I have been wrng abut the wrld s many times. Smetimes, cming up against reality is what helps me see my mistakes, but ften it is talking t, and trying t understand, smene with different ideas.
If this means yu dn’t have time t frm s many pinins, s what? Wuldn’t yu rather have few pinins that are right than many that are wrng?
28．What des the underlined wrd “allure” in Para.2 prbably mean?
A．Temptatin.B．Traditin.C．Cnvenience.D．Cnsequence.
29．Why are simple ideas appealing accrding t the passage?
A．They meet peple’s demand fr high efficiency.
B．They generate a sense f cmplete understanding.
C．They are raised and supprted by multiple experts.
D．They reflect the pinins f like-minded individuals.
30．What will the authr prbably agree with?
A．Simplifying matters releases energy fr human brains.
B．Cnstant tests n ur ideas help make up fr ur weakness.
C．A well-funded pinin cunts mre than many shallw nes.
D．Peple wh disagree with us ften have cmprehensive views.
31．Which f the fllwing can be the best title f the passage?
A．Embracing Disagreement: Refusing Overcmplexity
B．Simplifying Infrmatin: Enhancing Cmprehensin
C．Understanding Differences: Establishing Relatinships
D．Navigating Cmplexity: Challenging Oversimplificatin
【答案】28．A 29．B 30．C 31．D
【导语】本文是说明文。短文主要讲述了在信息驱动的社会中，塑造我们的世界观经常无法提供全面的现实视角。简单的想法可能很吸引人，但是我们会冒着过度简化复杂问题的风险，最终会影响我们的判断力，限制我们有效解决复杂问题的能力。我们应该与持有不同观点的人交谈并试图理解他们的观点，形成正确的观点。
28．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Hwever, even experts can fall prey t the allure f versimplificatin, leading t the “single perspective instinct” that hampers(阻碍)ur ability t grasp the intricacies f the wrld. (然而，即使是专家也会受到过度简化的allure，导致“单一视角本能”， 阻碍我们掌握世界的复杂性。)”可知，导致了单一视觉，不能掌握世界的复杂性，因此推断受到了过度简化的诱惑，allure在这里指的是“诱惑”。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Simple ideas can be appealing because they ffer a sense f understanding and certainty. (简单的想法可能很有吸引力，因为它们提供了一种理解和确定性。)”可知，简单的想法具有吸引力是因为它们产生一种完全理解的感觉。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Instead, cnstantly test yur favrite ideas fr weaknesses. Be humble abut the extent f yur expertise. Be curius abut new infrmatin that desn’t fit, and infrmatin frm ther fields. And rather than talking nly t peple wh agree with yu, r cllecting examples that fit yur ideas, cnsult peple wh cntradict yu, disagree with yu, and put frward different ideas as a great resurce fr understanding the wrld.(相反，要不断测试你最喜欢的想法的弱点。对自己的专业知识要谦虚。对不合适的新信息和来自其他领域的信息保持好奇。而不是只与那些同意你的人交谈，或者收集符合你想法的例子，咨询那些反驳你、不同意你的人，并提出不同想法的人，作为理解世界的重要资源。)”可推断，作者认为要不断测试自己的想法，要谦虚，要保持好奇，不要只是与同意自己观点的人交谈，要与那些与持有与自己不同观点的人交流，接受不同的观点，作为理解世界的重要资源。因此推断作者认为有充分根据的观点比许多肤浅的观点更重要。故选C。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“In ur infrmatin-driven sciety, shaping ur wrldview thrugh the media is similar t frming an pinin abut smene slely based n a picture f their ft. While the media might nt deliberately deceive us, it ften fails t prvide a cmprehensive view f reality.( 在信息驱动的社会中，通过媒体塑造我们的世界观就像仅仅根据一个人的脚的照片来形成对他们的看法一样，但它经常无法提供全面的现实视角。)”，第二段的“Hwever, even experts can fall prey t the allure f versimplificatin, leading t the “single perspective instinct” that hampers(阻碍)ur ability t grasp the intricacies f the wrld.(然而，即使是专家也会受到过度简化的诱惑，导致“单一视角本能”，阻碍我们掌握世界的复杂性。)”以及倒数第三的“And rather than talking nly t peple wh agree with yu, r cllecting examples that fit yur ideas, cnsult peple wh cntradict yu, disagree with yu, and put frward different ideas as a great resurce fr understanding the wrld. (与其只与那些同意你的人交谈，或者收集符合你想法的例子，不如咨询那些反驳你、不同意你的人，并提出不同想法的人，作为理解世界的重要资源。)”以及全文内容可知，本文作者主要提出“单一视角本能”最终会影响我们的判断力，限制我们有效解决复杂问题的能力，我们应该接受不同的观点，作为理解世界的重要资源。因此D项“驾驭复杂性:挑战过度简化”为最佳标题。故选D。
D
SntBt is n a missin. The taster-sized drne (无人机) flies ver the pen cean, directly abve an unusual whale. On a bat nearby, Andy Rgan smiles with jy. Rgan has been studying whales in his entire career but had never seen this species.
Back in 2011, Lian Pin Kh and Serge Wich, cnservatin experts, wndered if there might be an easier way t get data f animals in the wild. Wildlife researchers ften walk thrugh frests. They may lk clsely at whales frm bats r stay in helicpters t view animals frm abve. Such trips are usually dangerus. Plus, their nise may scare animals. And helicpters can’t fly very far ver the cean because there’s nwhere t land r refuel.
“We thught, ‘What if yu fly ver them with a flying camera?’’’ says Wich. S they put tgether a drne frm a remte-cntrl mdel airplane and camera equipment. And it did the trick. On a test flight, the drne caught an image f an rangutan (猩猩) at the tp f a very tall tree. The pair realized this was just the beginning f a whle new way f ding cnservatin wrk.
Nw Wich and his clleagues are building AI that autmatically lcates and recgnizes animals. They call their prject Cnservatin AI. When smene uplads an image r vide, the mdel analyzes the data. Then the mdel recgnizes anything it can. In the future, an AI mdel culd keep watch, instead f frest guards. It culd send warnings when seeing dubtful activities.
The team tested this idea in a study in East Africa. Vlunteers in Tanzania pretended t be pachers (偷猎者). The researchers made drnes fly ver the actrs at different times f the day. Overall, peple lking at the drne images did a better jb than the AI mdel at finding pretend pachers. The mdel picked ut many things that weren’t peple at all. But the mdel fund pachers that mst peple missed. With a little mre wrk, Wich thinks that systems like this will make it easier fr cnservatinists t better prtect endangered animals.
32．What can we infer abut Cnservatin AI frm the passage?
A．It can replace cnservatinists’ wrk.B．It wrks by studying data first.
C．It can punish the pachers.D．It is fully autmated.
33．What is Wich’s attitude t the future f the AI mdel?
A．Critical.B．Hpeful
C．Wrried.D．Prejudiced.
34．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Achievements in Wildlife Cnservatin
B．Majr Discveries f Bilgical Species
C．AI Study Has Achieved a Breakthrugh
D．Flying Rbts Prtect Endangered Wildlife
【答案】32．B 33．B 34．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款飞行机器人SntBt帮助研究人员收集数据，从而更好地保护濒危野生动物。
32．推理判断题。根据第四段中“They call their prject Cnservatin AI. When smene uplads an image r vide, the mdel analyzes the data.”（他们称他们的项目为人工智能保护。当有人上传图像或视频时，该模型会分析数据。）可推知，人工智能保护会先研究上传的图片或视频数据。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“With a little mre wrk, Wich thinks that systems like this will make it easier fr cnservatinists t better prtect endangered animals.”（Wich认为，再多做一点工作，这样的系统将使环保主义者更容易更好地保护濒危动物。）可知，虽然这个系统还存在缺陷，但是进一步完善后，可以发挥保护濒危动物的作用。由此可知，Wich对人工智能模型的未来是充满希望的。故选B。
34．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一款飞行机器人SntBt帮助研究人员收集数据，从而更好地保护濒危野生动物。因此，D项“飞行机器人保护濒危野生动物”可概括文章大意，适合作为文章标题。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While sweat serves as the built-in air cnditiner, sweating it ut can have many: ther surprising health benefits. 35
It Eases Pain
Did yu wake up with back pain? 36 Then the best way t relieve yur pain is t wrk up a sweat. It might be very tempting t skip this step since pain will make yu want t sit still. But actually increasing yur heart rate and wrking up a sweat is ne f the best things yu can d fr yur pain while sitting arund will just make yu even mre stiff and sre.
It Gets Rid f Txins(毒素)
Our bdies are subject t a lt f txins thrughut ur everyday lives. 37 Sweating is a great way t expel (排出) thse txins frm the bdy, which serves t better yur immune system. It can als help get rid f substances like alchl and salt.
38
Alng with the sense f accmplishment frm wrking ut, wrking up a sweat releases endrphins (内啡肽), which make yu happy. Sweating helps relieve stress and prmte relaxatin. Next time yu’re feeling stressed ut r need a break t clear yur mind, think abut hitting up a ht yga class r taking a few minutes fr yurself in the sauna (桑拿) t ease yur mind,
It Helps Yu Avid Kidney Stnes
One f the lesser-knwn benefits f sweating is that it lwers the risk f getting kidney (肾) stnes. Research has shwn that sweating helps yu get rid f salt and keep calcium in yur bnes. 39 The mre frequently yu find yurself sweating, the better.
A．It Makes Yu Happier
B．Are yu sre frm yesterday’s wrkut?
C．Pain is usually caused by txins prduced in the bdy.
D．Here are sme tp benefits f sweating in summer.
E．Sweating als helps prevent pllutants frm entering the bdy.
F．This helps keep thse elements frm yur kidneys where small stnes will frm.
G．They cme frm the pllutin in the air, ur fd, and are created naturally in the bdy.
【答案】35．D 36．B 37．G 38．A 39．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了夏天出汗的主要好处。
35．上文“While sweat serves as the built-in air cnditiner, sweating it ut can have many: ther surprising health benefits. (汗液就像内置的空调一样，把汗液排出来还有很多其他意想不到的健康益处。)”说明排汗有健康益处，选项D“这里有一些夏季出汗的主要益处。”承接上文，点明文章主题，引出下列各段，说明夏季出汗的主要益处。故选D项。
36．上文“Did yu wake up with back pain? (你醒来时腰疼吗?)”提出疼痛问题，选项B“你昨天锻炼后感到疼痛吗?”和上文并列，提出另一个疼痛问题，引出下文“Then the best way t relieve yur pain is t wrk up a sweat. (那么缓解疼痛的最好方法就是出一身汗。)”给出缓解疼痛的最好办法。故选B项。
37．上文“Our bdies are subject t a lt f txins thrughut ur everyday lives. (在我们的日常生活中，我们的身体会受到很多毒素的影响。)”说明身体受毒素影响，选项G“它们来自空气中的污染，我们的食物，并在体内自然产生。”承接上文，说明毒素是怎样产生的。选项中They指上文中txins。故选G项。
38．下文“Alng with the sense f accmplishment frm wrking ut, wrking up a sweat releases endrphins (内啡肽) , which make yu happy. (伴随着锻炼带来的成就感，出汗会释放内啡肽，让你感到快乐。)”说明出汗能带来快乐，选项A“它让你更快乐”总结概括本段大意，适合做小标题。故选A项。
39．上文“One f the lesser-knwn benefits f sweating is that it lwers the risk f getting kidney (肾) stnes. Research has shwn that sweating helps yu get rid f salt and keep calcium in yur bnes. (出汗的一个鲜为人知的好处是它可以降低患肾结石的风险。研究表明，出汗可以帮助你排出盐分，保持骨骼中的钙。)”说明出汗能预防肾结石，出汗可以帮助排盐保钙，选项F“这有助于防止肾脏中的这些元素形成小结石。”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系。选项中kidney和上文词汇重叠，故选F项。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
The wrd “mtivatin” cmes frm the Latin term mtivus, “a mving cause”. It is described as the frce that drives us t pursue a gal, including the desire t cntinue pursuing meaning, purpse, and a life wrth living. It fuels cmpetitin and bsts scial cnnectin. Its absence can lead t mental illnesses such as depressin.
Peple ften have multiple mtives fr engaging in any ne behaviur. Mtivatin might be extrinsic. That means a persn is inspired by utside frces—ther peple r rewards. Anything prmised fr cmpleting the task r received as a result f cmpleting the task are extrinsic mtivatrs. Extrinsic mtivatin can increase mtivatin in the shrt term, but ver time it may gradually decrease.
Mtivatin can als be intrinsic. Intrinsic mtivatin cmes purely frm within, with n expected reward, deadline, r utside pressure. Fr example, peple wh are intrinsically mtivated t run d s because they lve the feeling f running itself. Cmpared t extrinsic mtivatin, intrinsic mtivatin tends t push peple mre frcefully, and the achievements are mre satisfying, since it is integrated int identity and serves as a cntinuus surce f mtivatin.
T understand mtivatin, Abraham Maslw intrduced the cncept f hierarchy f needs (需求层次) in 1943. Accrding t Maslw, humans are intrinsically mtivated t meet physical needs, the mst fundamental nes such as needs fr fd. Then they gradually satisfy several levels f needs frm safety, t higher-rder needs fr lve, belnging, and self-respect, and finally mve t ward expressing their full ptential—self-actualizatin, the desire t becme the mst that ne can be.
Althugh the generality f Maslw’s thery has been challenged, many believe it reveals fundamental truths abut human mtivatin. N matter where mtivatin begins, there are always ways t increase it — whether that be yur wn mtivatin r smene else’s. Smetimes yu might feel cmpletely unmtivated — and that’s OK. In that situatin, allw yurself t feel the discmfrt, hear the negative self-talk, and then take actin anyway.
40．What is mtivatin?
41．Why is intrinsic mtivatin mre pwerful?
42．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
▷Accrding t Maslw, we are mtivated by different levels f needs, starting at the lwest and the mst basic level knwn as self-actualizatin needs.
43．In what way(s) d yu think yu can get mtivated? (In abut 40 wrds)
【答案】40．Mtivatin is described as the frce that drives us t pursue a gal.
Because it is integrated int identity and serves as a cntinuus surce f mtivatin.
42．Accrding t Maslw, we are mtivated by different levels f needs, starting at the lwest and the mst basic level knwn as self-actualizatin needs.
The lwest and the mst basic level f needs is nt self-actualizatin needs but physical needs.
43．I ften get mtivated in tw ways. First, rewarding myself helps generate and maintain mtivatin. I can set small rewards fr achieving small gals and larger rewards fr achieving larger gals. Secnd, I always find inspiratin in thers. Learning frm successful individuals cnstantly mtivates me t be the better versin f myself.
【导语】本文是说明文。本文介绍了什么是动机，动机的种类，呼吁大家想办法增加自己的动机。
40．考查细节理解。根据第一段“The wrd “mtivatin” cmes frm the Latin term mtivus, “a mving cause”. It is described as the frce that drives us t pursue a gal, including the desire t cntinue pursuing meaning, purpse, and a life wrth living.(“动机”一词来自拉丁语“mtivus”，意为“移动的原因”。它被描述为驱使我们追求目标的力量，包括继续追求意义、目的和有价值的生活的愿望)”可知，动机被描述为驱使我们追求目标的力量。故填：Mtivatin is described as the frce that drives us t pursue a gal.
41．考查细节理解。根据第三段“Mtivatin can als be intrinsic. Intrinsic mtivatin cmes purely frm within, with n expected reward, deadline, r utside pressure. Fr example, peple wh are intrinsically mtivated t run d s because they lve the feeling f running itself. Cmpared t extrinsic mtivatin, intrinsic mtivatin tends t push peple mre frcefully, and the achievements are mre satisfying, since it is integrated int identity and serves as a cntinuus surce f mtivatin.(动机也可以是内在的。内在动机纯粹来自内心，没有预期的奖励、最后期限或外部压力。例如，那些有内在动力去跑步的人这样做是因为他们喜欢跑步本身的感觉。与外在动机相比，内在动机往往会更有力地推动人们，取得的成就也更令人满意，因为它与身份融为一体，是一种持续的动力来源)”可知，因为它被整合到身份中，并作为动力的持续来源，所以内在动机更强大。故填：Because it is integrated int identity and serves as a cntinuus surce f mtivatin.
42．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“T understand mtivatin, Abraham Maslw intrduced the cncept f hierarchy f needs (需求层次) in 1943. Accrding t Maslw, humans are intrinsically mtivated t meet physical needs, the mst fundamental nes such as needs fr fd. Then they gradually satisfy several levels f needs frm safety, t higher-rder needs fr lve, belnging, and self-respect, and finally mve t ward expressing their full ptential—self-actualizatin, the desire t becme the mst that ne can be.(为了理解动机，亚伯拉罕·马斯洛在1943年引入了需求层次的概念。根据马斯洛的理论，人类的内在动机是满足生理需求，最基本的需求，比如对食物的需求。然后他们逐渐满足几个层次的需求，从安全到更高层次的爱、归属感和自尊的需求，最后走向表达他们的全部潜力——自我实现，成为一个人所能成为的最大的人的愿望)”可知，Accrding t Maslw, we are mtivated by different levels f needs, starting at the lwest and the mst basic level knwn as self-actualizatin needs.此句描述中self-actualizatin needs.是错误的，根据文中可知，最低和最基本的需求不是自我实现的需求，而是身体上的需求。故填：The lwest and the mst basic level f needs is nt self-actualizatin needs but physical needs.
43．开放性问题。题目问“你认为你可以通过什么方式获得动力”，可以结合自身进行回答，合理即可，例如我们可以通过奖励自己来激励自己，也可以通过向成功人士学习不断激励我成为更好的自己。故填：I ften get mtivated in tw ways. First, rewarding myself helps generate and maintain mtivatin. I can set small rewards fr achieving small gals and larger rewards fr achieving larger gals. Secnd, I always find inspiratin in thers. Learning frm successful individuals cnstantly mtivates me t be the better versin f myself.
第二节(20分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算利用2023年11月第一个周末的一天游览北京，他发来邮件请你当导游。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1.接受请求；
2.规划行程。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m pleased t learn that yu’re cming t Beijing, and I am very hnred t shw yu arund n the first weekend f Nvember 2023.
Our first stp will be the Summer Palace. It is lcated in the western suburbs f Beijing. We will set ut at 8:00 am and stay there fr abut tw hurs. After that, we will g t Temple f Heaven in Beijing, which is a very famus building with a lng histry in China. Finally, we will g t the Frbidden City where the ancient emperrs lived.
I’m sure yu will be amazed at the wnderful trip, and I d hpe that yu will have a gd time in Beijing.
Yurs,
Li Hua#1
Authr: Leisa Sharpe
Price: £ 14.99
Release: Jun. 13, 2023
Hw Des Chclate Taste On EverestThis isn’t yur typical children’s bk nr is it a night-time read: it’s an actin-packed adventure arund the wrld. Yung adventurers will step int the ftprints f the greatest explrers, using their senses as their guides.
This bk immerses its yung readers in life in the wrld’s mst fascinating habitats, cuntries and cntinents, as well as thse n ther planets.
#2 Authr: Z Kids
Price: £ 9.99
Release: Sep.25, 2023
The Ultimate Riddle Game Fr KidsFr readers between the ages f 9 and 12, this fun riddle bk cmbines lgic challenges, cmpetitive cntests and brain training.
The first sectin cnsists f shrt, snappy riddles, the maths sectin requires mental arithmetic (算术), and fr the stries sectin yu will need t discver all the pssible hidden meanings. But try nt t cheat.
The bk is much mre rewarding as the sectins get mre challenging. When yu begin t understand the best way t apprach each riddle type, yur cnfidence, resilience and scre are likely t grw.
#3
Authr: Kim Zachman
Price: £ 12.99
Release: Dec. 15, 2023
There’s N Cream In Cream SdaThe nly drink humans need is water, but the beverage industry is grwing larger every year. This bk explres the histry f the inventin f drinks, beginning thusands f years ag, when humans first added natural flavurings t their water as it biled ver the fire.
Its humrus and cnversatinal narrative means that yu dn’t knw what will cme next. Ranging frm cre scientific prcesses t the unlikely rigin stries f sme sdas, this bk is sure t have a stry t fascinate every kid.
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My Her
T me, a her is smene wh ges ut f his way t make thers happy. My her is Mr. Wright, my chrus teacher.
When I was 12 years ld, my dear grandparents passed away. Lsing them was the hardest thing I had t g thrugh. It was as if my whle wrld had fallen dwn frm under me, and I 1 int this huge hle f depressin.
2 I was battling depressin, I was determined t make my high schl years the best f my life. S I jined Wmen’s Chir. Mr. Wright was the chral directr and he was s funny that the first day I knew I had made the best 3 f my life. As the year prgressed, I began t smile again.
Then ne day that all changed. My friends started talking abut me behind my back. I was 4 , and I sat by myself. Mr. Wright came ver and asked what was wrng. The lk in his eyes tld me that I culd trust him. Trying hard t 5 back tears, I tld him the whle stry.
When I finished, he tld me, “If yu never learn anything frm me, learn this: N ne is wrth 6 yur jy.” What Mr. Wright said really struck me. He 7 cared abut me and what was ging n. I’ll never be able t thank him enugh, because he nt nly saved me but has 8 every day f it since. Any time I feel like giving up, I remember Mr. Wright’s wrds and 9 .
I’m glad I had the pprtunity t meet yu, Mr. Wright. Yu are an 10 teacher, and I hpe yu realize that. Yu’re my her.
1．A．lkedB．brkeC．fellD．turned
2．A．IfB．AlthughC．BecauseD．Once
3．A．suggestinB．decisinC．effrtD．ffer
4．A．refusedB．frgttenC．hurtD．trapped
5．A．setB．fightC．takeD．call
6．A．stealingB．sharingC．hidingD．feeling
7．A．cheerfullyB．nrmallyC．exactlyD．truly
8．A．madeB．startedC．understdD．influenced
9．A．break utB．hld upC．take verD．push frward
10．A．amusingB．ambitiusC．amazingD．advanced
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．D 9．D 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者中学时期经历了失去祖父母后陷入抑郁，通过加入合唱团和遇到指挥Wright先生找回快乐和勇气的故事。Wright先生给予了作者关怀和鼓励，成为了作者心目中的英雄。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就好像我的整个世界都从我身下塌了下来，我掉进了这个巨大的沮丧的洞里。A. lked看起来；B. brke打破；C. fell掉下来；D. turned转过身。根据后文“int this huge hle f depressin”可知，因为自己祖父母的去世，作者掉进了巨大的沮丧的洞里。故选C。
2．考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我一直在与抑郁作斗争，但我决心让我的高中时光成为我生命中最美好的时光。A. If如果；B. Althugh尽管；C. Because因为；D. Once一旦。前后两句构成转折关系，即虽然作者一直在与抑郁作斗争，但她决心让自己的高中时光变得很美好。故选B。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Wright先生是合唱团的指挥，他非常有趣，所以第一天我就知道我做出了一生中最好的决定。A. suggestin建议；B. decisin决定；C. effrt努力；D. ffer提供。根据后文“As the year prgressed, I began t smile again.”可知，作者加入到了这个合唱团后，脸上再次展露笑容，由此可知这是作者做出的最好的决定。故选B。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到受到伤害，只能独自坐着。A. refused拒绝；B. frgtten忘记；C. hurt伤害；D. trapped困住。根据“My friends started talking abut me behind my back.”可知，因为听到同学在背后议论自己，作者感受到被伤害了。故选C。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我强忍着眼泪，把事情原原本本告诉了他。A. set设置；B. fight与……作斗争；C. take接受；D. call打电话。根据“back tears”可推知，作者强忍着泪水，此处fight back tears为固定短语，意为“忍住泪水”。故选B。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使你从我这里学不到任何东西，也请记住这个道理：没有任何人值得偷走你的快乐。A. stealing偷走；B. sharing分享；C. hiding隐藏；D. feeling感觉。根据前文“My friends started talking abut me behind my back. I was ___4___, and I sat by myself.”可知，作者知道有同学在背后议论自己，感到很孤单受伤，变得不快乐，因此Wright先生会安慰作者世界上没有人值得偷走她的快乐。故选A。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他真的很关心我，也很关心发生了什么。A. cheerfully愉快地；B. nrmally通常地；C. exactly准确地；D. truly真正地。根据前文“If yu never learn anything frm me, learn this: N ne is wrth ___6___ yur jy.”可知，Wright先生倾听作者身上发生的事情后悉心地安慰作者，因此作者认为他是真正地关心自己。故选D。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在怎样感激他都不为过，因为他不仅救了我，而且从那以后的每一天都影响着我。A. made制造；B. started开始；C. understd理解；D. influenced影响。根据后文“Any time I feel like giving up, I remember Mr. Wright’s wrds and ___9___.”可知，Wright先生的话让作者懂得不要放弃，因此是影响着作者。故选D。
9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每当我想要放弃的时候，我就会想起Wright先生的话，然后继续努力。A. break ut爆发；B. hld up拖延；C. take ver接管；D. push frward推动。根据前文“I remember Mr. Wright’s wrds”可知，每当作者要放弃的时候，会想起Wright先生的话，然后继续努力。故选D。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你是个了不起的老师，我希望你能意识到这一点。A. amusing有趣的；B. ambitius有雄心的；C. amazing了不起的；D. advanced先进的。根据后文“Yu’re my her.”可知，作者认为Wright先生是自己的英雄，因此Wright先生是一个了不起的老师。故选C。
第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
A
（2023上·北京朝阳·高三统考期中）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Gather a cuple f friends and take a leisurely walk thrugh the streets—this is 11 many yungsters enjy ding when they visit a new city. T them, citywalk means wandering arund the city n ft. Participants can fllw a distinctive urban rute, 12 (explre) the city at their wn pace. Cmpared with famus 13 (spt) and big crwds, they prefer t gain a mre inclusive experience f the places they visit.
【答案】11．what 12．explring 13．spts
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍许多年轻人喜欢结伴在城市街头漫步，这种步行游览方式让他们能以自己的节奏探索城市，获得更全面的游览体验，而不是去热门景点挤人群。
11．考查名词性从句。句意：约上几个朋友，在街上悠闲地散步——这是许多年轻人在访问一个新城市时喜欢做的事情。分析句子结构可知，本句为表语从句。从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。
12．考查非谓语动词。句意：参与者可以沿着独特的城市路线，以自己的节奏探索城市。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语Participants与explre之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填explring。
13．考查名词的数。句意：与著名景点和拥挤的人群相比，他们更喜欢在他们参观的地方获得更全面的体验。名词spt为可数名词，泛指许多景点，用复数形式。故填spts。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处的括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
This year, the 13th Spring Festival Jint Exhibitin f Chinese Bks, 14 theme was “Reading China”, was held n January 24th in 85 bkstres wrldwide. It carried ut a variety f activities such as bk exhibitins and cultural perfrmances. Bks 15 (display)in the exhibitin were philsphical and artistic, which 16 (clse) met the needs f verseas readers. Overall, this year’s bk exhibitin presented the newest and finest Chinese publicatins 17 lcal readers s that they culd better understand China in the new era.
【答案】14．whse 15．displayed 16．clsely 17．t
【导语】本文是新闻报道。介绍今年1月24日，以“阅读中国”为主题的第十三届中国图书春节联展在全球85家书店举行。
14．考查定语从句。句意：今年1月24日，以“阅读中国”为主题的第十三届中国图书春节联展在全球85家书店举行。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the 13th Spring Festival Jint Exhibitin f Chinese Bks，在从句中作定语，应该用whse引导。故填whse。
15．考查非谓语动词。句意：展览中展出的书籍具有哲学性和艺术性，非常符合海外读者的需求。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词were，所以display用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是bks，两者间是被动关系，应该用过去分词作后置定语。故填displayed。
16．考查副词。句意：展览中展出的书籍具有哲学性和艺术性，非常符合海外读者的需求。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的动词met ，应该用副词修饰，clse的副词形式是clsely。故填clsely。
17．考查介词。句意：总的来说，今年的书展向当地读者展示了最新、最好的中国出版物，让他们更好地了解新时代的中国。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：present sth. t sb.意为“把某物展现给某人”。故填t。
C
（2023上·北京海淀·高三统考期中）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
I was nt riginally attracted t nature. Fr me, nature was assciated with the few minutes playing sccer in the 18 (nice) cut grass. But in Michigan, nature presents itself in many frms such as sledding as fast as yu can dwn the hill r swimming in ne f the five great lakes. These experiences encuraged me 19 (explre) ne f the raw frms f cnnecting with nature: camping. Althugh I 20 (spend) a lt f time utside, I had never camped r experienced all f what nature ffers.
【答案】18．nicely 19．t explre 20．had spent
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是密歇根的大自然鼓励作者探索大自然的故事。
18．考查副词。句意：对我来说，大自然就是在修剪整齐的草地上踢几分钟足球。空格处用副词nicely修饰动词cut，nicely意为“漂亮地”，故填nicely。
19．考查不定式。句意：这些经历鼓励我去探索与自然联系的一种原始形式：露营。encurage sb. t d是固定短语，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，因此空格处用不定式t explre，故填t explre。
20．考查时态。句意：虽然我花了很多时间在户外，但我从来没有露营过，也没有体验过大自然所提供的一切。由I had never camped r experienced可知，空格处表示过去的过去发生的事情，所以空格处时态是过去完成时，因此空格处是had spent。故填had spent。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
21．The bk Hw Des Chclate Taste n Everest helps readers ________.
A．enjy night-reading time
B．knw rigin stries f chclate
C．identify habitats f sme animals
D．explre places with senses as guides
22．Frm the passage, we can learn that ________.
A．the three bks are available by Octber
B．readers need calculatin skills fr Bk #2
C．Bk # 3 teaches readers hw t make drinks
D．Bk # 1 has a price advantage ver the thers
23．The passage is intended t ________.
A．intrduce sme bks n learning secrets
B．recmmend sme picture bks t parents
C．encurage readers t purchase these bks
D．share sme tips n chsing suitable bks
【答案】21．D 22．B 23．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是三本书的优点。
21．细节理解题。根据Hw Des Chclate Taste On Everest部分的“Yung adventurers will step int the ftprints f the greatest explrers, using their senses as their guides. (年轻的冒险家将踏上最伟大探险家的足迹，用他们的感官作为他们的向导。)”可知，Hw Des Chclate Taste On Everest可以帮助读者以感官为向导探索地方，故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据The Ultimate Riddle Game Fr Kids部分的“The first sectin cnsists f shrt, snappy riddles, the maths sectin requires mental arithmetic (算术), and fr the stries sectin yu will need t discver all the pssible hidden meanings. (第一部分由简短的谜语组成，数学部分需要心算，而故事部分需要你发现所有可能隐藏的含义。)”可知，第二本书的读者需要计算技巧。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据第一本书介绍中的“This bk immerses its yung readers in life in the wrld’s mst fascinating habitats, cuntries and cntinents, as well as thse n ther planets. (这本书让年轻的读者沉浸在世界上最迷人的栖息地、国家和大陆，以及其他星球上的生活中。)”，第二本书介绍中的“The bk is much mre rewarding as the sectins get mre challenging. When yu begin t understand the best way t apprach each riddle type, yur cnfidence, resilience and scre are likely t grw. (随着章节变得更有挑战性，这本书也会变得更有价值。当你开始了解解决每种谜语类型的最佳方法时，你的信心、适应力和得分可能会增长。)”和第三本书的“Ranging frm cre scientific prcesses t the unlikely rigin stries f sme sdas, this bk is sure t have a stry t fascinate every kid. (从核心的科学过程到一些不太可能的苏打水的起源故事，这本书肯定会有一个让每个孩子着迷的故事。)”可知这篇文章主要介绍了三本书的优点，因此目的是鼓励读者购买这些书。故选C。
B
In July 2020, Rex and Britnee Smith realized their tw pet dgs, Jack and Jill, were n lnger in their fenced backyard in Little Rck Arkansas. They went frm dr t dr in their neighbrhd, putting up psters, reaching ut t animal shelters and vets’ ffices and psting n scial media. It was a sad time fr the Smiths, especially fr their 5-year-ld daughter, wh had a special bnd with the dgs.
Eventually in December, the Smiths and their tw children had t relcate abut 300 miles away t McKinney, Texas. They still ccasinally received calls frm shelters r gt pictures f dgs that culd be theirs, but Jack and Jill were never lcated. While the Smiths had heard stries abut dgs being fund and returned t their wners via micrchips, they never expected that t happen t them.
Then in late July 2023, the Little Rck Animal Village called Rex t infrm him Jill had been fund. He immediately called Britnee, wh cried tears f jy. Britnee was a little nervus as they drve t pick up Jill, wrried that she wuldn’t remember them r had changed t be mre aggressive. But that wasn’t the case.
“It’s like she never left us,” Britnee recalled. “She came right int ur arms.” The Smiths said they were unsure what happened t Jill in the three years away, althugh she’d been fund just a few blcks away frm their ld huse. “We wish she culd talk,” Rex said. “We have s many questins t ask her.” Jill was verall healthy but had suffered sme scratches. Her paws were raw, likely frm the 100-degree Fahrenheit heat in Arkansas.
The Smiths immediately tk her t the vet and dg spa, where Jill had her nails clipped, her teeth brushed and her hair cmbed.
Nw they’re still n the lkut fr Jack.
24．What did the Smiths d after the lss f their dgs?
A．They added a fence t their backyard.
B．They tried every means t lk fr them.
C．They did their best t cmfrt their daughter.
D．They mved huse instantly t avid sadness.
25．Why was Britnee anxius n the way t picking up Jill?
A．Years f separatin might make them feel distant.
B．The phne call might end up being fruitless again.
C．Jill might have suffered unimaginable abuse.
D．Her expectatin might make her uncntrllable n the scene.
26．Hw was Jill when she gt reunited with her wners?
A．She lked sick and weak.B．She was beynd recgnitin.
C．She was physically injured.D．She was unable t make a sund.
27．What cnclusin can be drawn abut Jill frm the text?
A．She was adpted several times.
B．She was with Jack in the past few years.
C．She was discvered near Britnee’s new hme.
D．She was indeed greatly valued by her wners.
【答案】24．B 25．A 26．C 27．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Rex和Britnee Smith的宠物狗失而复得的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“They went frm dr t dr in their neighbrhd, putting up psters, reaching ut t animal shelters and vets’ ffices and psting n scial media.(他们在社区里挨家挨户地张贴海报，联系动物收容所和兽医办公室，并在社交媒体上发帖。)”可知，史密斯夫妇在失去狗后想尽了一切办法寻找它们。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段“Britnee was a little nervus as they drve t pick up Jill, wrried that she wuldn’t remember them r had changed t be mre aggressive.(他们开车去接吉尔的时候，布里特尼有点紧张，担心她会不记得他们，或者变得更好斗了。)”可知，Britnee在去接Jill的路上很担心，是因为多年的分离可能会让他们感到疏远。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Jill was verall healthy but had suffered sme scratches.(吉尔总体上很健康，但有几处抓伤。)”可知，吉尔和她的主人团聚时身体上受了点伤。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The Smiths immediately tk her t the vet and dg spa, where Jill had her nails clipped, her teeth brushed and her hair cmbed.(史密斯夫妇立即带她去了兽医和狗狗水疗中心，在那里，吉尔剪了指甲，刷了牙，梳了头。)”可知，Jill的主人确实非常珍视她。故选D。
C
（2023上·北京·高三校联考开学考试）In ur infrmatin-driven sciety, shaping ur wrldview thrugh the media is similar t frming an pinin abut smene slely based n a picture f their ft. While the media might nt deliberately deceive us, it ften fails t prvide a cmprehensive view f reality.
Cnsequently, the questin arises: Where, then, shall we get ur infrmatin frm if nt frm the media? Wh can we trust? Hw abut experts—peple wh devte their wrking lives t understanding their chsen slice f the wrld? Hwever, even experts can fall prey t the allure f versimplificatin, leading t the “single perspective instinct” that hampers(阻碍)ur ability t grasp the intricacies f the wrld.
Simple ideas can be appealing because they ffer a sense f understanding and certainty. And it is easy t take ff dwn a slippery slpe, frm ne attentin-grabbing simple idea t a feeling that this idea beautifully explains, r is the beautiful slutin fr, lts f ther things. The wrld becmes simple that way.
Yet, when we embrace a singular cause r slutin fr all prblems, we risk versimplifying cmplex issues. Fr instance, champining the cncept f equality may lead us t view all prblems thrugh the lens f inequality and see resurce distributin as the sle panacea. Hwever, such rigidity prevents us frm seeing the multidimensinal nature f challenges and hinders true cmprehensin f reality. This “single perspective instinct” ultimately cluds ur judgment and restricts ur capacity t tackle cmplex issues effectively.
It saves a lt f time t think like this. Yu can have pinins and answers withut having t learn abut a prblem frm scratch and yu can get n with using yur brain fr ther tasks. But it’s nt s useful if yu like t understand the wrld. Being always in favr f r always against any particular idea makes yu blind t infrmatin that desn’t fit yur perspective. This is usually a bad apprach if yu wuld like t understand reality.
Instead, cnstantly test yur favrite ideas fr weaknesses. Be humble abut the extent f yur expertise. Be curius abut new infrmatin that desn’t fit, and infrmatin frm ther fields. And rather than talking nly t peple wh agree with yu, r cllecting examples that fit yur ideas, cnsult peple wh cntradict yu, disagree with yu, and put frward different ideas as a great resurce fr understanding the wrld. I have been wrng abut the wrld s many times. Smetimes, cming up against reality is what helps me see my mistakes, but ften it is talking t, and trying t understand, smene with different ideas.
If this means yu dn’t have time t frm s many pinins, s what? Wuldn’t yu rather have few pinins that are right than many that are wrng?
28．What des the underlined wrd “allure” in Para.2 prbably mean?
A．Temptatin.B．Traditin.C．Cnvenience.D．Cnsequence.
29．Why are simple ideas appealing accrding t the passage?
A．They meet peple’s demand fr high efficiency.
B．They generate a sense f cmplete understanding.
C．They are raised and supprted by multiple experts.
D．They reflect the pinins f like-minded individuals.
30．What will the authr prbably agree with?
A．Simplifying matters releases energy fr human brains.
B．Cnstant tests n ur ideas help make up fr ur weakness.
C．A well-funded pinin cunts mre than many shallw nes.
D．Peple wh disagree with us ften have cmprehensive views.
31．Which f the fllwing can be the best title f the passage?
A．Embracing Disagreement: Refusing Overcmplexity
B．Simplifying Infrmatin: Enhancing Cmprehensin
C．Understanding Differences: Establishing Relatinships
D．Navigating Cmplexity: Challenging Oversimplificatin
【答案】28．A 29．B 30．C 31．D
【导语】本文是说明文。短文主要讲述了在信息驱动的社会中，塑造我们的世界观经常无法提供全面的现实视角。简单的想法可能很吸引人，但是我们会冒着过度简化复杂问题的风险，最终会影响我们的判断力，限制我们有效解决复杂问题的能力。我们应该与持有不同观点的人交谈并试图理解他们的观点，形成正确的观点。
28．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Hwever, even experts can fall prey t the allure f versimplificatin, leading t the “single perspective instinct” that hampers(阻碍)ur ability t grasp the intricacies f the wrld. (然而，即使是专家也会受到过度简化的allure，导致“单一视角本能”， 阻碍我们掌握世界的复杂性。)”可知，导致了单一视觉，不能掌握世界的复杂性，因此推断受到了过度简化的诱惑，allure在这里指的是“诱惑”。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Simple ideas can be appealing because they ffer a sense f understanding and certainty. (简单的想法可能很有吸引力，因为它们提供了一种理解和确定性。)”可知，简单的想法具有吸引力是因为它们产生一种完全理解的感觉。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Instead, cnstantly test yur favrite ideas fr weaknesses. Be humble abut the extent f yur expertise. Be curius abut new infrmatin that desn’t fit, and infrmatin frm ther fields. And rather than talking nly t peple wh agree with yu, r cllecting examples that fit yur ideas, cnsult peple wh cntradict yu, disagree with yu, and put frward different ideas as a great resurce fr understanding the wrld.(相反，要不断测试你最喜欢的想法的弱点。对自己的专业知识要谦虚。对不合适的新信息和来自其他领域的信息保持好奇。而不是只与那些同意你的人交谈，或者收集符合你想法的例子，咨询那些反驳你、不同意你的人，并提出不同想法的人，作为理解世界的重要资源。)”可推断，作者认为要不断测试自己的想法，要谦虚，要保持好奇，不要只是与同意自己观点的人交谈，要与那些与持有与自己不同观点的人交流，接受不同的观点，作为理解世界的重要资源。因此推断作者认为有充分根据的观点比许多肤浅的观点更重要。故选C。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“In ur infrmatin-driven sciety, shaping ur wrldview thrugh the media is similar t frming an pinin abut smene slely based n a picture f their ft. While the media might nt deliberately deceive us, it ften fails t prvide a cmprehensive view f reality.( 在信息驱动的社会中，通过媒体塑造我们的世界观就像仅仅根据一个人的脚的照片来形成对他们的看法一样，但它经常无法提供全面的现实视角。)”，第二段的“Hwever, even experts can fall prey t the allure f versimplificatin, leading t the “single perspective instinct” that hampers(阻碍)ur ability t grasp the intricacies f the wrld.(然而，即使是专家也会受到过度简化的诱惑，导致“单一视角本能”，阻碍我们掌握世界的复杂性。)”以及倒数第三的“And rather than talking nly t peple wh agree with yu, r cllecting examples that fit yur ideas, cnsult peple wh cntradict yu, disagree with yu, and put frward different ideas as a great resurce fr understanding the wrld. (与其只与那些同意你的人交谈，或者收集符合你想法的例子，不如咨询那些反驳你、不同意你的人，并提出不同想法的人，作为理解世界的重要资源。)”以及全文内容可知，本文作者主要提出“单一视角本能”最终会影响我们的判断力，限制我们有效解决复杂问题的能力，我们应该接受不同的观点，作为理解世界的重要资源。因此D项“驾驭复杂性:挑战过度简化”为最佳标题。故选D。
D
SntBt is n a missin. The taster-sized drne (无人机) flies ver the pen cean, directly abve an unusual whale. On a bat nearby, Andy Rgan smiles with jy. Rgan has been studying whales in his entire career but had never seen this species.
Back in 2011, Lian Pin Kh and Serge Wich, cnservatin experts, wndered if there might be an easier way t get data f animals in the wild. Wildlife researchers ften walk thrugh frests. They may lk clsely at whales frm bats r stay in helicpters t view animals frm abve. Such trips are usually dangerus. Plus, their nise may scare animals. And helicpters can’t fly very far ver the cean because there’s nwhere t land r refuel.
“We thught, ‘What if yu fly ver them with a flying camera?’’’ says Wich. S they put tgether a drne frm a remte-cntrl mdel airplane and camera equipment. And it did the trick. On a test flight, the drne caught an image f an rangutan (猩猩) at the tp f a very tall tree. The pair realized this was just the beginning f a whle new way f ding cnservatin wrk.
Nw Wich and his clleagues are building AI that autmatically lcates and recgnizes animals. They call their prject Cnservatin AI. When smene uplads an image r vide, the mdel analyzes the data. Then the mdel recgnizes anything it can. In the future, an AI mdel culd keep watch, instead f frest guards. It culd send warnings when seeing dubtful activities.
The team tested this idea in a study in East Africa. Vlunteers in Tanzania pretended t be pachers (偷猎者). The researchers made drnes fly ver the actrs at different times f the day. Overall, peple lking at the drne images did a better jb than the AI mdel at finding pretend pachers. The mdel picked ut many things that weren’t peple at all. But the mdel fund pachers that mst peple missed. With a little mre wrk, Wich thinks that systems like this will make it easier fr cnservatinists t better prtect endangered animals.
32．What can we infer abut Cnservatin AI frm the passage?
A．It can replace cnservatinists’ wrk.B．It wrks by studying data first.
C．It can punish the pachers.D．It is fully autmated.
33．What is Wich’s attitude t the future f the AI mdel?
A．Critical.B．Hpeful
C．Wrried.D．Prejudiced.
34．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Achievements in Wildlife Cnservatin
B．Majr Discveries f Bilgical Species
C．AI Study Has Achieved a Breakthrugh
D．Flying Rbts Prtect Endangered Wildlife
【答案】32．B 33．B 34．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款飞行机器人SntBt帮助研究人员收集数据，从而更好地保护濒危野生动物。
32．推理判断题。根据第四段中“They call their prject Cnservatin AI. When smene uplads an image r vide, the mdel analyzes the data.”（他们称他们的项目为人工智能保护。当有人上传图像或视频时，该模型会分析数据。）可推知，人工智能保护会先研究上传的图片或视频数据。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“With a little mre wrk, Wich thinks that systems like this will make it easier fr cnservatinists t better prtect endangered animals.”（Wich认为，再多做一点工作，这样的系统将使环保主义者更容易更好地保护濒危动物。）可知，虽然这个系统还存在缺陷，但是进一步完善后，可以发挥保护濒危动物的作用。由此可知，Wich对人工智能模型的未来是充满希望的。故选B。
34．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一款飞行机器人SntBt帮助研究人员收集数据，从而更好地保护濒危野生动物。因此，D项“飞行机器人保护濒危野生动物”可概括文章大意，适合作为文章标题。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While sweat serves as the built-in air cnditiner, sweating it ut can have many: ther surprising health benefits. 35
It Eases Pain
Did yu wake up with back pain? 36 Then the best way t relieve yur pain is t wrk up a sweat. It might be very tempting t skip this step since pain will make yu want t sit still. But actually increasing yur heart rate and wrking up a sweat is ne f the best things yu can d fr yur pain while sitting arund will just make yu even mre stiff and sre.
It Gets Rid f Txins(毒素)
Our bdies are subject t a lt f txins thrughut ur everyday lives. 37 Sweating is a great way t expel (排出) thse txins frm the bdy, which serves t better yur immune system. It can als help get rid f substances like alchl and salt.
38
Alng with the sense f accmplishment frm wrking ut, wrking up a sweat releases endrphins (内啡肽), which make yu happy. Sweating helps relieve stress and prmte relaxatin. Next time yu’re feeling stressed ut r need a break t clear yur mind, think abut hitting up a ht yga class r taking a few minutes fr yurself in the sauna (桑拿) t ease yur mind,
It Helps Yu Avid Kidney Stnes
One f the lesser-knwn benefits f sweating is that it lwers the risk f getting kidney (肾) stnes. Research has shwn that sweating helps yu get rid f salt and keep calcium in yur bnes. 39 The mre frequently yu find yurself sweating, the better.
A．It Makes Yu Happier
B．Are yu sre frm yesterday’s wrkut?
C．Pain is usually caused by txins prduced in the bdy.
D．Here are sme tp benefits f sweating in summer.
E．Sweating als helps prevent pllutants frm entering the bdy.
F．This helps keep thse elements frm yur kidneys where small stnes will frm.
G．They cme frm the pllutin in the air, ur fd, and are created naturally in the bdy.
【答案】35．D 36．B 37．G 38．A 39．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了夏天出汗的主要好处。
35．上文“While sweat serves as the built-in air cnditiner, sweating it ut can have many: ther surprising health benefits. (汗液就像内置的空调一样，把汗液排出来还有很多其他意想不到的健康益处。)”说明排汗有健康益处，选项D“这里有一些夏季出汗的主要益处。”承接上文，点明文章主题，引出下列各段，说明夏季出汗的主要益处。故选D项。
36．上文“Did yu wake up with back pain? (你醒来时腰疼吗?)”提出疼痛问题，选项B“你昨天锻炼后感到疼痛吗?”和上文并列，提出另一个疼痛问题，引出下文“Then the best way t relieve yur pain is t wrk up a sweat. (那么缓解疼痛的最好方法就是出一身汗。)”给出缓解疼痛的最好办法。故选B项。
37．上文“Our bdies are subject t a lt f txins thrughut ur everyday lives. (在我们的日常生活中，我们的身体会受到很多毒素的影响。)”说明身体受毒素影响，选项G“它们来自空气中的污染，我们的食物，并在体内自然产生。”承接上文，说明毒素是怎样产生的。选项中They指上文中txins。故选G项。
38．下文“Alng with the sense f accmplishment frm wrking ut, wrking up a sweat releases endrphins (内啡肽) , which make yu happy. (伴随着锻炼带来的成就感，出汗会释放内啡肽，让你感到快乐。)”说明出汗能带来快乐，选项A“它让你更快乐”总结概括本段大意，适合做小标题。故选A项。
39．上文“One f the lesser-knwn benefits f sweating is that it lwers the risk f getting kidney (肾) stnes. Research has shwn that sweating helps yu get rid f salt and keep calcium in yur bnes. (出汗的一个鲜为人知的好处是它可以降低患肾结石的风险。研究表明，出汗可以帮助你排出盐分，保持骨骼中的钙。)”说明出汗能预防肾结石，出汗可以帮助排盐保钙，选项F“这有助于防止肾脏中的这些元素形成小结石。”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系。选项中kidney和上文词汇重叠，故选F项。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
The wrd “mtivatin” cmes frm the Latin term mtivus, “a mving cause”. It is described as the frce that drives us t pursue a gal, including the desire t cntinue pursuing meaning, purpse, and a life wrth living. It fuels cmpetitin and bsts scial cnnectin. Its absence can lead t mental illnesses such as depressin.
Peple ften have multiple mtives fr engaging in any ne behaviur. Mtivatin might be extrinsic. That means a persn is inspired by utside frces—ther peple r rewards. Anything prmised fr cmpleting the task r received as a result f cmpleting the task are extrinsic mtivatrs. Extrinsic mtivatin can increase mtivatin in the shrt term, but ver time it may gradually decrease.
Mtivatin can als be intrinsic. Intrinsic mtivatin cmes purely frm within, with n expected reward, deadline, r utside pressure. Fr example, peple wh are intrinsically mtivated t run d s because they lve the feeling f running itself. Cmpared t extrinsic mtivatin, intrinsic mtivatin tends t push peple mre frcefully, and the achievements are mre satisfying, since it is integrated int identity and serves as a cntinuus surce f mtivatin.
T understand mtivatin, Abraham Maslw intrduced the cncept f hierarchy f needs (需求层次) in 1943. Accrding t Maslw, humans are intrinsically mtivated t meet physical needs, the mst fundamental nes such as needs fr fd. Then they gradually satisfy several levels f needs frm safety, t higher-rder needs fr lve, belnging, and self-respect, and finally mve t ward expressing their full ptential—self-actualizatin, the desire t becme the mst that ne can be.
Althugh the generality f Maslw’s thery has been challenged, many believe it reveals fundamental truths abut human mtivatin. N matter where mtivatin begins, there are always ways t increase it — whether that be yur wn mtivatin r smene else’s. Smetimes yu might feel cmpletely unmtivated — and that’s OK. In that situatin, allw yurself t feel the discmfrt, hear the negative self-talk, and then take actin anyway.
40．What is mtivatin?
41．Why is intrinsic mtivatin mre pwerful?
42．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
▷Accrding t Maslw, we are mtivated by different levels f needs, starting at the lwest and the mst basic level knwn as self-actualizatin needs.
43．In what way(s) d yu think yu can get mtivated? (In abut 40 wrds)
【答案】40．Mtivatin is described as the frce that drives us t pursue a gal.
Because it is integrated int identity and serves as a cntinuus surce f mtivatin.
42．Accrding t Maslw, we are mtivated by different levels f needs, starting at the lwest and the mst basic level knwn as self-actualizatin needs.
The lwest and the mst basic level f needs is nt self-actualizatin needs but physical needs.
43．I ften get mtivated in tw ways. First, rewarding myself helps generate and maintain mtivatin. I can set small rewards fr achieving small gals and larger rewards fr achieving larger gals. Secnd, I always find inspiratin in thers. Learning frm successful individuals cnstantly mtivates me t be the better versin f myself.
【导语】本文是说明文。本文介绍了什么是动机，动机的种类，呼吁大家想办法增加自己的动机。
40．考查细节理解。根据第一段“The wrd “mtivatin” cmes frm the Latin term mtivus, “a mving cause”. It is described as the frce that drives us t pursue a gal, including the desire t cntinue pursuing meaning, purpse, and a life wrth living.(“动机”一词来自拉丁语“mtivus”，意为“移动的原因”。它被描述为驱使我们追求目标的力量，包括继续追求意义、目的和有价值的生活的愿望)”可知，动机被描述为驱使我们追求目标的力量。故填：Mtivatin is described as the frce that drives us t pursue a gal.
41．考查细节理解。根据第三段“Mtivatin can als be intrinsic. Intrinsic mtivatin cmes purely frm within, with n expected reward, deadline, r utside pressure. Fr example, peple wh are intrinsically mtivated t run d s because they lve the feeling f running itself. Cmpared t extrinsic mtivatin, intrinsic mtivatin tends t push peple mre frcefully, and the achievements are mre satisfying, since it is integrated int identity and serves as a cntinuus surce f mtivatin.(动机也可以是内在的。内在动机纯粹来自内心，没有预期的奖励、最后期限或外部压力。例如，那些有内在动力去跑步的人这样做是因为他们喜欢跑步本身的感觉。与外在动机相比，内在动机往往会更有力地推动人们，取得的成就也更令人满意，因为它与身份融为一体，是一种持续的动力来源)”可知，因为它被整合到身份中，并作为动力的持续来源，所以内在动机更强大。故填：Because it is integrated int identity and serves as a cntinuus surce f mtivatin.
42．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“T understand mtivatin, Abraham Maslw intrduced the cncept f hierarchy f needs (需求层次) in 1943. Accrding t Maslw, humans are intrinsically mtivated t meet physical needs, the mst fundamental nes such as needs fr fd. Then they gradually satisfy several levels f needs frm safety, t higher-rder needs fr lve, belnging, and self-respect, and finally mve t ward expressing their full ptential—self-actualizatin, the desire t becme the mst that ne can be.(为了理解动机，亚伯拉罕·马斯洛在1943年引入了需求层次的概念。根据马斯洛的理论，人类的内在动机是满足生理需求，最基本的需求，比如对食物的需求。然后他们逐渐满足几个层次的需求，从安全到更高层次的爱、归属感和自尊的需求，最后走向表达他们的全部潜力——自我实现，成为一个人所能成为的最大的人的愿望)”可知，Accrding t Maslw, we are mtivated by different levels f needs, starting at the lwest and the mst basic level knwn as self-actualizatin needs.此句描述中self-actualizatin needs.是错误的，根据文中可知，最低和最基本的需求不是自我实现的需求，而是身体上的需求。故填：The lwest and the mst basic level f needs is nt self-actualizatin needs but physical needs.
43．开放性问题。题目问“你认为你可以通过什么方式获得动力”，可以结合自身进行回答，合理即可，例如我们可以通过奖励自己来激励自己，也可以通过向成功人士学习不断激励我成为更好的自己。故填：I ften get mtivated in tw ways. First, rewarding myself helps generate and maintain mtivatin. I can set small rewards fr achieving small gals and larger rewards fr achieving larger gals. Secnd, I always find inspiratin in thers. Learning frm successful individuals cnstantly mtivates me t be the better versin f myself.
第二节(20分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算利用2023年11月第一个周末的一天游览北京，他发来邮件请你当导游。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1.接受请求；
2.规划行程。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m pleased t learn that yu’re cming t Beijing, and I am very hnred t shw yu arund n the first weekend f Nvember 2023.
Our first stp will be the Summer Palace. It is lcated in the western suburbs f Beijing. We will set ut at 8:00 am and stay there fr abut tw hurs. After that, we will g t Temple f Heaven in Beijing, which is a very famus building with a lng histry in China. Finally, we will g t the Frbidden City where the ancient emperrs lived.
I’m sure yu will be amazed at the wnderful trip, and I d hpe that yu will have a gd time in Beijing.
Yurs,
Li Hua#1
Authr: Leisa Sharpe
Price: £ 14.99
Release: Jun. 13, 2023
Hw Des Chclate Taste On EverestThis isn’t yur typical children’s bk nr is it a night-time read: it’s an actin-packed adventure arund the wrld. Yung adventurers will step int the ftprints f the greatest explrers, using their senses as their guides.
This bk immerses its yung readers in life in the wrld’s mst fascinating habitats, cuntries and cntinents, as well as thse n ther planets.
#2 Authr: Z Kids
Price: £ 9.99
Release: Sep.25, 2023
The Ultimate Riddle Game Fr KidsFr readers between the ages f 9 and 12, this fun riddle bk cmbines lgic challenges, cmpetitive cntests and brain training.
The first sectin cnsists f shrt, snappy riddles, the maths sectin requires mental arithmetic (算术), and fr the stries sectin yu will need t discver all the pssible hidden meanings. But try nt t cheat.
The bk is much mre rewarding as the sectins get mre challenging. When yu begin t understand the best way t apprach each riddle type, yur cnfidence, resilience and scre are likely t grw.
#3
Authr: Kim Zachman
Price: £ 12.99
Release: Dec. 15, 2023
There’s N Cream In Cream SdaThe nly drink humans need is water, but the beverage industry is grwing larger every year. This bk explres the histry f the inventin f drinks, beginning thusands f years ag, when humans first added natural flavurings t their water as it biled ver the fire.
Its humrus and cnversatinal narrative means that yu dn’t knw what will cme next. Ranging frm cre scientific prcesses t the unlikely rigin stries f sme sdas, this bk is sure t have a stry t fascinate every kid.
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