长沙市长郡中学2024届高三下学期模拟（一）英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份长沙市长郡中学2024届高三下学期模拟（一）英语试卷(含答案)，共19页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Dining & Husing in New Yrk University
Dining n campus is abut chice and flexibility, with six dining halls and meal plans that allw students t enjy it all. There are sme imprtant dates yu need t knw abut dining. Fall meal plans end after dinner n December 15. Cafes are clsed frm December 15 t next year's January 1. The spring meal plan revisin perid is next year's January 3 thrugh January 19. Spring meal plans begin n February 3 f next year.
Mre than 70 percent f undergraduates live n campus, including all freshers. Our undergraduate drmitry buildings are part entertainment centers, part supprt systems, and whlly central t students' experience. Our graduate drmitry buildings, lcated within a shrt walk frm the main campus, are likewise shaped t be lively and cllabrative（合作的）places that meet the distinct needs f graduate students. We have a variety f ptins available t bth single graduates and thse with families.
Benefits f living n campus: The main campus and mst labs are a shrt walk r bike ride away frm ur graduate drmitry buildings. There are schl bus stps nearby t help yu g frm ne end f campus t the ther. Yu'll have pprtunities t get invlved in yur residential cmmunity as well as campus activities. On-campus rent cvers the cst f electricity, heat, and ht water. Internet access is als included and all f ur drmitry buildings ffer wired netwrking and Wi-Fi. Besides, there are sme discunted meal plans fr n-campus students.
Still want t cnsider living ff campus? We can help yu with that t! Click here fr rental listings and resurces t help yu with yur search.
1．Which date is suitable fr students t adjust their spring meal plans?
A. December 10 this year. B. January 15 f next year.
C. December 28 this year. D. February 3 f next year.
2．What distinguishes graduate drmitries frm undergraduate nes?
A. They ffer recreatinal activities. B. They have less ptins.
C. They are far frm the main campus. D. They are friendly t married students.
3．What service(s) can n-campus students enjy?
A. Cnvenient bus transprt t and frm campus.
B. Discunted meal plans and bike-sharing services.
C. Cmmunity activities and Internet cnnectins.
D. Access t unique ff-campus events and entertainments.
Cathy Winstn is a sprts nutritinist. Amng her regulars are athletes. Cathy thrives n the variety, with each new sprt prviding new challenges and a renewed appreciatin f her chsen field f expertise. In her view, dealing with athletes frm varius sprt backgrunds helps her becme seasned, which is a key part f being a successful nutritinist. "Yu have t understand nutritin and peple, and then yu can begin t wrk in this field," she says. "Besides, in tennis yu must learn t be reactive, because yu dn't knw hw lng the match lasts. Hwever, it's 90 minutes in ftball s yu knw what yu're fueling fr."
Regardless f the sprt, Cathy's attitude remains the same: Any athlete failing t respect nutritin is ne wh is failing t fulfill their ptential. It's a key part f the training prcess. It's nt just smething that yu take casually. She advises her athletes t hld nutritin in the same regard as they d their mst crucial bit f equipment. "Just as yu wuldn't frget t put yur shin pads（护腿板） r yur bts in yur kit bag, dn't frget t put in yur drinks and yur snacks. That infrms hw well yu train, because yu can't get ut if yu haven't put in."
Nutritinists are smetimes unfairly represented as militant（斗志昂扬的） types telling what athletes can and can't eat. But Cathy insists that when t eat is mre imprtant than what. "It's abut when's the right time t have it in," she says. It's a message that Cathy says can take a while t sink in. "A lt f bxers say, 'but bananas make yu fat, right?', and there's this inherent belief that we mustn't eat thse kinds f things. But it's nt abut what t cut ut. It's abut making sure that yu've gt the fundatin right fr health and perfrmance. It's that ne size fits ne. It's what wrks fr yu. T be an excellent athlete, yu really need t be an exceptinal eater."
4．What des Cathy think abut her jb?
A. It hardly faces new challenges in every cmpetitin.
B. It mainly fcuses n the duratin f matches.
C. It merely needs t understand nutritin and peple.
D. It highly values experience and flexibility.
5．Hw des Cathy emphasize the imprtance f nutritin t athletes?
A. By making a cmparisn. B. By analyzing a phenmenn.
C. By telling a stry. D. By prviding data.
6．Accrding t Cathy, what is a fundamental principle behind successful sprts nutritin?
A. Fcusing n the timing f the diet.
B. Cutting ut specific fds frm the diet.
C. Fllwing a strict and militant diet plan.
D. Increasing the variety f fds.
7．What des the authr intend t tell us?
A. Fd has a say in the sprts field.
B. Nutritinists act as unsung heres behind athletes.
C. Nutritin determines the results in the cmpetitin.
D. A gd eater is a great athlete.
Mst birds, in particular, exhibit sme degree f patterns and clurs. Australia's zebra finch（斑胸草雀）, fr example, was s named because f the zebra-like black and white bars n its tail. But it als has many ther clurs and patterns, frm a bright range bill t fine white spts alng its reddish-brwn sides. It's nt uncmmn t spt the bird in the drier parts f Australia.
We tend t suppse all individuals f that species have their spts and bars in the same places. Lk clser yet we'll see that the quantity and design f these patterns vary between individuals. And smehw a bird exhibits a mre bvius feather variatin. Occasinally, we see ne that has larger than usual pale areas f feathers r, mre rarely, has lst its nrmal patterning altgether.
Cluratin and patterning in all animals are caused by a range f pigments（色素）. Melanin（黑色素） is respnsible fr blacks and brwns, and a lack f this pigment can cause a partial r ttal lss f an individual's dark patterning. The tw main terms that describe these abnrmalities are albinism and leucism. Bth cnditins are genetic and bth can lead t a very similar physical appearance. Leucism, hwever, causes a lack f the pigment cells that prduce melanin. But albinism causes the prductin f melanin t be reduced r absent.
Can we distinguish between the tw cnditins withut the help f a cellular bilgist? Yes. Albin animals have fully unpigmented red eyes. Leucistic animals, n the ther hand, never cmpletely lse pigment frm the eye, althugh they can have blue eyes due t a partial lss f pigment.
Why dn't we see mre al bin r leucistic birds? Because the lack f melanin reduces the strength and lastingness f the affected birds' feathers, making them mre easily brken. Additinally, the birds' visin and hearing are negatively affected, making them less able t hunt. The brighter feathers and lack f patterning als make them easier fr attackers t see.
8．What can we learn abut Australia's zebra finch?
A. It is ne f the rarest birds in Australia.
B. It is mstly cvered with bright range feathers.
C. It acquires its name frm its tail clurs and patterns.
D. It has the same spts and bars in the same places.
9．Hw is the third paragraph develped?
A. By giving explanatins. B. By presenting pinins.
C. By setting assumptins. D. By drawing cnclusins.
10．What can a lack f melanin lead t?
A. Ttal lss f patterns. B. Genetically-brn abnrmalities.
C. Darkened feathers. D. Abnrmal frmatin f wings.
11．Which f the fllwing crrectly describes albin r leucistic birds?
A. They have quite gd hearing. B. They have cmpletely red eyes.
C. They have excellent hunting skills. D. They have easily brken feathers.
There are many ptential surces f clean energy ut there: slar energy, wind energy, hydrgen-based energy, and mre. One f the less-knwn surces f clean energy is wave energy. Nw the energy is being put t use in an almst funny way, turning seawater int drinking water by Oneka, a Canadian startup.
In general, there are tw traditinal kinds f desalinatin（脱盐） technlgy. In the first technlgy, seawater is heated till the water changes int steam, leaving the salt behind, and then the steam is cled, turning int water, and made available fr use. In the secnd ne, seawater is pushed thrugh a see-thrugh thin material, separating the salt and the water, which cnsumes relatively less fuel cmpared with the first technlgy. Whichever technlgy is used, hwever, mst desalinatin plants run n nn-renewable energy.
Desalinatin equipment is traditinally pwered by fssil fuels, but the wrld has certainly reached a vital pint where it's necessary t mve away frm fssil fuel-pwered desalinatin. This is where Oneka's unique desalinatin technlgy cmes in. Oneka uses flating desalinatin machines, attached t a kind f flating device which then absrbs energy frm the cean waves, and changes it int mechanical frces, t pump the water thrugh the see-thrugh thin material system. The fresh water is then pumped t land, thrugh the pwer f the waves.
The waste frm cnventinal desalinatin plants cntains high cncentratins f salt which is discharged int the sea, creating a zne where sea life dies ff. Oneka's technlgy steers clear f this, because the water that streams back int the cean nly has a 30 percent increase in the salt cncentratin, and is quickly spread by the waves.
This innvative technlgy shws us that smetimes the slutins t cmplicated prblems dn't have t be cmplicated at all. Smetimes all yu need are the cean waves.
12．Which can best describe the first technlgy in paragraph 2?
A. It is labr-intensive. B. It is energy-hungry.
C. It separates salt via cling. D. It utperfrms the secnd ne.
13．What can we learn abut Oneka's technlgy?
A. It's slightly cmplicated. B. It leaves little salt behind.
C. It reshapes fresh water strage. D. It's mechanically driven.
14．What des the underlined phrase "steers clear f" in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Relieves. B. Facilitates. C. Envelps. D. Achieves.
15．Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Ec-driven Desalinatin Machines B. Ocean Waves: The New Energy Slutin
C. Wave-pwered Green Desalinatin D. Desalinatin: The Future f Fresh Water
二、七选五
16．If yu wrestle with insmnia（失眠）, yu prbably have been tempted t try anything that prmises better sleep. One thing that might sund a little strange but that has been knwn t wrk: adding a weighted blanket t thse bedcvers. ①________Alanna McGinn, funder and
lead sleep expert at Gd Night Sleep Site, says, "I'm an advcate f them because they can wrk s well."
Abut 32% f Americans dn't get enugh sleep, accrding t the Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin in the US. ②________But as many as 35% f adults have truble sleeping frm time t time, and 10% regularly have truble falling and staying asleep.
Just as swaddling（用襁褓裹住） babies can send them t sleep, using a weighted blanket helps yur heart and breathing slw and yur bdy release feel-gd hrmnes. The weight—usually between 5 and 30 punds, which sunds like a lt but is spread ut ver the entire bed—cmes usually frm plastic r glass beads（珠子） surrunded by filling. ③________
A 2020 review lked at eight studies and cncluded that weighted blankets helped reduce anxiety but nt necessarily insmnia. ④________A randmized cntrlled study in Sweden in 2020 lked at 120 peple with insmnia and als depressin, anxiety r ther metal disrders. Thse wh used a weighted blanket reprted that they had better sleep and were less tired, anxius and depressed during the day.
⑤________ "If yu're smene with circulatry cnditins such as diabetes r breathing issues, yu shuld check with yur dctr befre using a weighted blanket," adds McGinn.
A. N tw blankets are the same.
B. Other researches tell a slightly different stry.
C. Weighted blankets have becme a sleep tl t have.
D. Hwever, weighted blankets may nt be effective fr all individuals.
E. There are multiple weight ptins t meet individual cmfrt needs.
F. The heaviness imitates a tuch therapy called deep pressure stimulatin.
G. Experts there recmmend at least seven hurs f shut-eye per night fr adults.
三、完形填空（15空）
It all started with a simple questin: "Can I paint yur prtrait?" Outside the Brian Petersn's furth-flr ①________ in Santa Ana, Califrnia, a hmeless man was ften yelling n the street crner, smetimes keeping him ②________at night. Petersn wuld ③________ the guy n his way t his jb as a car designer, but they never spke.
One day, Petersn was ④________ in his living rm, reading the bk Lve Des, abut the pwer f lve in actin, when his quiet was ⑤________ by the hmeless man. Inspired by the bk's cmpassinate（有同情心的） message, Petersn made a(n) ⑥________ decisin: He was ging t g utside and intrduce himself.
In that first ⑦________, Petersn learned that the man's name was Matt Faris. He'd mved frm Kentucky t ⑧________ a career in music in Santa Ana, but he sn fell n hard times and ⑨________living n the street fr mre than a decade.
Maybe the life inside f Faris inspired him. And even thugh Petersn, a ⑩________ f the Cleveland Institute f Art, hadn't picked up a ⑪________ in abut eight years, he fund himself asking if he culd paint Faris's prtrait. Faris said yes.
Petersn's cnnectin with Faris led him t ⑫________Faces f Santa Ana, a nnprfit rganizatin fcused n ⑬________and painting prtraits f members f the cmmunity wh are ⑭________. He sells his prtraits signed by bth him and the subject. The mney he gets will g ta "lve accunt" fr his ⑮________. Faris used the funds frm his prtrait t recrd an album, fulfilling his musical dreams.
17．A. apartment B. drmitry C. strerm D. wrkshp
18．A. aware B. cntent C. awake D. cautius
19．A. pass B. warn C. assist D. greet
20．A. wrking B. reflecting C. relaxing D. wandering
21．A. prtected B. disturbed C. welcmed D. encuntered
22．A. satisfactry B. unexpectedC. majr D. unppular
23．A. discussin B. meet C. cnversatin D. arrangement
24．A. supprt B. initiate C. enjy D. pursue
25．A. insisted n B. gt dwn t C. ended up D. lked frward t
26．A. graduate B. tutr C. schlar D. spnsr
27．A. skill B. paintbrush C. prize D. signal
28．A. recgnize B. fund C. trace D. frm
29．A. prmting B. befriending C. assessing D. recmmending
30．A. disabled B. untalented C. immature D. unhused
31．A. mdels B. clleagues C. clients D. interviewees
四、短文填空
32．Recently, New Dragn Gate Inn, a fascinating Shaxing Opera shw, ①________ (becme) a hit.
②________traditinal Shaxing Opera, which ften draws inspiratin frm ancient scripts（剧本） and flk legends, New Dragn Gate Inn is based n a film with a significant fan base and is adapted ③________ (suit) the current cntext and the feature f the Shaxing Opera in a better manner. Fr instance, the character Jia transfrms frm ④________elderly figure in the film int a charming yung man. This is in line with the characteristics f a yung kunsheng（坤生） rle, r a female actr ⑤________takes a reversed（反串的） rle in Shaxing Opera.
The shw is staged in a ⑥________ (special) designed studi theater, where the audience sits very clse t the perfrmers, ⑦________ (engage) with them and immersing（使沉浸） themselves in a unique viewing experience. Accrding t Xu Yena, a perfrmer in the shw, having the audience clser t the perfrmers allws them t appreciate mre and finer ⑧________ (detail). There are als many imprvised（即兴的） interactins with the audience ⑨________ (make) by the perfrmers, making each perfrmance unique.
"Tday, we are putting in great effrts t make Shaxing Opera mre ⑩________ (access) and relatable t the yunger generatin," Xu added. "This is with the hpe that peras can becme a lifestyle."
【题目8】你在某英语学习网站上看到一个话题为“My Plan(s) fr a Meaningful Summer Vacatin”的帖子，请你写一篇英语短文跟帖，内容包括：
1.你的暑假安排；
2.说明你的理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Plan(s) fr a Meaningful Summer Vacatin
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【题目9】There are t many treasures in life we take fr granted, the wrth f which we dn't fully realize until they're pinted ut t us in sme unexpected way. S it was with Mama's minestrne sup（意大利浓菜汤）.
There was n recipe fr her minestrne sup. Fr ur large immigrant family, Mama's sup guaranteed we wuld never g hungry. It was a symbl f security. Its recipe was created spntaneusly（非计划安排地） frm what was in the kitchen. And we culd judge the state f ur family ecnmy by its cntents. A hearty sup with tmates, pasta, beans, carrts, celery, nin, crn and meat indicated things were ging well. A water y sup suggested hard times.
At ne time, hwever, Mama's sup pt became a surce f embarrassment t me, fr I feared it wuld cst me a new friend I had made at schl. Sl was a thin, dark-haired by, and an unusual pal fr me because his father was a dctr and they lived in the best part f twn. Often Sl invited me t his hme fr dinner. The family had a ck in a white unifrm wh wrked in a kitchen with shining utensils（厨房用具）. The fd was gd, but I fund it bland（清淡的）, lacking the heartiness f my hme fd served frm flame-blackened pts. Mrever, the atmsphere matched the fd. Everything was s frmal. Sl's mther and father were plite, but cnversatin arund the table was subdued（克制的）. And n ne hugged! In ur family, warm hugs were a cnstant and if yu didn't kiss yur mther, she demanded: "What's the matter, yu sick?" But at that time in my life, all this was an embarrassment.
I had knwn Sl wuld like t eat dinner at ur huse, but that was the last thing I wanted. My family was s different.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Finally when Sl asked again if he culd cme t ur huse, I had t say yes. __________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
But t my amazement, I nticed Sl tk a spnful f Mama's minestrne sup. ______________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
五、书面表达
33．你在某英语学习网站上看到一个话题为“My Plan(s) fr a Meaningful Summer Vacatin”的帖子，请你写一篇英语短文跟帖，内容包括：
1.你的暑假安排；
2.说明你的理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Plan(s) fr a Meaningful Summer Vacatin
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【题目9】There are t many treasures in life we take fr granted, the wrth f which we dn't fully realize until they're pinted ut t us in sme unexpected way. S it was with Mama's minestrne sup（意大利浓菜汤）.
There was n recipe fr her minestrne sup. Fr ur large immigrant family, Mama's sup guaranteed we wuld never g hungry. It was a symbl f security. Its recipe was created spntaneusly（非计划安排地） frm what was in the kitchen. And we culd judge the state f ur family ecnmy by its cntents. A hearty sup with tmates, pasta, beans, carrts, celery, nin, crn and meat indicated things were ging well. A water y sup suggested hard times.
At ne time, hwever, Mama's sup pt became a surce f embarrassment t me, fr I feared it wuld cst me a new friend I had made at schl. Sl was a thin, dark-haired by, and an unusual pal fr me because his father was a dctr and they lived in the best part f twn. Often Sl invited me t his hme fr dinner. The family had a ck in a white unifrm wh wrked in a kitchen with shining utensils（厨房用具）. The fd was gd, but I fund it bland（清淡的）, lacking the heartiness f my hme fd served frm flame-blackened pts. Mrever, the atmsphere matched the fd. Everything was s frmal. Sl's mther and father were plite, but cnversatin arund the table was subdued（克制的）. And n ne hugged! In ur family, warm hugs were a cnstant and if yu didn't kiss yur mther, she demanded: "What's the matter, yu sick?" But at that time in my life, all this was an embarrassment.
I had knwn Sl wuld like t eat dinner at ur huse, but that was the last thing I wanted. My family was s different.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Finally when Sl asked again if he culd cme t ur huse, I had t say yes. __________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
But t my amazement, I nticed Sl tk a spnful f Mama's minestrne sup. ______________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34．There are t many treasures in life we take fr granted, the wrth f which we dn't fully realize until they're pinted ut t us in sme unexpected way. S it was with Mama's minestrne sup（意大利浓菜汤）.
There was n recipe fr her minestrne sup. Fr ur large immigrant family, Mama's sup guaranteed we wuld never g hungry. It was a symbl f security. Its recipe was created spntaneusly（非计划安排地） frm what was in the kitchen. And we culd judge the state f ur family ecnmy by its cntents. A hearty sup with tmates, pasta, beans, carrts, celery, nin, crn and meat indicated things were ging well. A water y sup suggested hard times.
At ne time, hwever, Mama's sup pt became a surce f embarrassment t me, fr I feared it wuld cst me a new friend I had made at schl. Sl was a thin, dark-haired by, and an unusual pal fr me because his father was a dctr and they lived in the best part f twn. Often Sl invited me t his hme fr dinner. The family had a ck in a white unifrm wh wrked in a kitchen with shining utensils（厨房用具）. The fd was gd, but I fund it bland（清淡的）, lacking the heartiness f my hme fd served frm flame-blackened pts. Mrever, the atmsphere matched the fd. Everything was s frmal. Sl's mther and father were plite, but cnversatin arund the table was subdued（克制的）. And n ne hugged! In ur family, warm hugs were a cnstant and if yu didn't kiss yur mther, she demanded: "What's the matter, yu sick?" But at that time in my life, all this was an embarrassment.
I had knwn Sl wuld like t eat dinner at ur huse, but that was the last thing I wanted. My family was s different.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Finally when Sl asked again if he culd cme t ur huse, I had t say yes. __________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
But t my amazement, I nticed Sl tk a spnful f Mama's minestrne sup. ______________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据题干可将解题信息定位至第一段。根据“The spring meal plan re visin perid is next year's January 3 thrugh January 19.”可知，春季饮食计划的变更期是下一年的1月3日至1月19日。对比选项可知B 项在这一时间段内。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We have a variety f ptins available t bth single graduates and thse with families.”可知，研究生宿舍为单身研究生和带家属的研究生提供多种住宿选择，即研究生宿舍对已婚的学生很友好。
3．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Yu'll have pprtunities t get invlved in yur residential cmmunity as well as campus activities”和“Internet access is als included”可知，在校学生可以享受参加社区活动和免费上网的服务。注意：虽然第三段中的“The main campus… bike ride away frm ur graduate drmitry buildings”提到了骑自行车，但这只是为了强调研究生宿舍楼距离主校区和大多数实验室很近，文章并没有提及共享单车服务。故排除B项。
4．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In her view, dealing with athletes frm varius sprt backgrunds helps her becme seasned, which is a key part f being a successful nutritinist.”和“Besides, in tennis yu must learn t be reactive, because yu dn't knw hw lng the match lasts. Hwever, it's 90 minutes in ftball s yu knw what yu're fueling fr.”可知， Cathy认为成功的营养师必须要有经验和灵活应变的能力。
5．答案：A
解析：写作手法题。根据第二段中的“She advises her athletes t hld nutritin in the same regard as they d their mst crucial bit f equipment. 'Just as yu wuldn't frget t put yur shin pads（护腿板） r yur bts in yur kit bag, dn't frget t put in yur drinks and yur snacks...'”可知， Cathy 建议运动员将营养与他们最关键的装备同等对待，通过将携带食物与携带装备相类比来强调营养的重要性。
6．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But Cathy insists that when t eat is mre imprtant than what.”可知， Cathy 认为饮食的时间比食物的种类更重要。
7．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。本文主要介绍了营养师的工作内容、工作理念及运动员与营养之间的紧密关系，从而说明了营养师是运动场上运动员背后的无名英雄之一。A 项关键词错误，C、D项表述过于绝对。
8．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Australia's zebra finch（斑胸草雀）, fr example, was s named because f the zebra-like black and white bars n its tail.”可知，澳大利亚的斑胸草雀因其尾部颜色和图案而得名。
9．答案：A
解析：行文逻辑题。分析段落结构可知，第三段第一、二句是本段主旨句，之后展开论述tw main terms—albinism （白化） and leucism（白色亚种），论述的方式根据原句可知是以解释概念为主。比如“Bth cnditins are...”“Leucism, hwever, causes...”以及“But albinism causes...”。
10．答案：B
解析：细节推断题。根据第三段中的“Melanin（黑色素） is respnsible fr blacks and brwns, and a lack f this pigment can cause a partial r ttal lss f an individual's dark patterning. The tw main terms that describe these abnrmalities are albinism and leucism. Bth cnditins are genetic and bth can lead t a very similar physical appearance.”可以转换信息得出 B 选项正确。
11．答案：D
解析：细节推断题。根据最后一段第二句“Because the lack f melanin reduces the strength and lastingness f the affected birds' feathers, making them mre easily brken.”可知，白化或白色亚种鸟类的羽毛很容易折断。
12．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the first technlgy, seawater is heated till the water changes int steam, leaving the salt behind, and then the steam is cled, turning int water, and made available fr use.”以及后文第二种科技消耗较少能源可知第一种科技更耗能，即 energy-hungry。
13．答案：D
解析：细节推断题。根据第三段中的“Oneka uses flating desalinatin machines, attached t a kind f flating device which then absrbs energy frm the cean waves, and changes it int mechanical frces, t pump the water thrugh the see-thrugh thin material system.”其中的“machines”“device”“mechanical frces”可知 Oneka的技术靠“机械驱动”，故选 D。
14．答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Onekas technlgy steers clear f this, because the water…”可知，需先解读代词this。this指代前文：往海里倾倒含盐度高的废水，导致生物濒危这一不好事件，可知steers clear f的含义是积极的，再联系词义可知应选择relieve“缓解”。其他选项含义分别为：facilitate“促进”；envelp“覆盖”；achieve“实现”。
15．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。结合全文，特别是首段的末句以及尾段，不难理解全文主旨，即由海浪sea waves转变的新型绿色能源。
16．答案：①-⑤CGFBD
解析：
①根据上文可知，为缓解失眠，在寝具中加一条重力毯是一个看上去奇怪但行之有效的方法。36空与上文形成承接关系，故选 C：“重力毯已经成为一个睡眠工具。”
②根据上文可知，美国疾病控制与预防中心调查的数据显示人们的睡眠水平状况不佳。G选项中的“Experts there”可以指代在那个中心的专家们，并且“专家建议成人每晚至少要睡7小时”，与下文“But”引导的内容形成对比。
③根据38空所在段的内容可知，本段叙述了重力毯起作用的原理，故选F：“重力毯模拟了一种触摸疗法叫深压刺激。”
④根据39空所在段的内容可知，本段主要介绍关于重力毯的各项研究。39空前后叙述的研究结果有不同，故选 B。
⑤根据40空上段可知，重力毯能缓解焦虑、抑郁等心理状态，对部分失眠者有帮助，而根据40空后面内容可知，它不适用于有血液或呼吸循环类疾病的人群。故选 D。
17．答案：A
解析：根据下文可知，Brian 已经工作，且他晚上有时会因为外边流浪汉的叫声而醒来，故可推测此处应指他居住在四楼的“公寓”里。
18．答案：C
解析：根据文章可知夜晚流浪汉在街角发出的叫嚷声会让 Brian 有时“醒来”。
19．答案：A
解析：根据文章情节可知，Brian每天上班时都会与那个在夜晚叫嚷的流浪汉“擦肩而过”，但他们从没有说过话。
20．答案：C
解析：根据文章内容可知，Brian一天在家休息读书的时候，他的宁静生活再次被流浪汉“打破”。
21．答案：B
解析：参考上文解析。
22．答案：B
解析：根据上文可知，Brian 读到的书籍内容激励了他做出一个“意想不到”的决定。
23．答案：C
解析：根据下文可知，Brian了解到流浪汉的一些基本信息，所以可以推出此处填他们的第一次“交谈”。meet 作名词，词义为“体育比赛、运动会”。
24．答案：D
解析：根据文中内容可推知， Faris离开家乡肯塔基来到位于加利福尼亚的Santa Ana“追寻”音乐梦想。
25．答案：C
解析：根据文中转折连词“but”可以推测， Faris遭逢艰难时光，“最终”流浪街头。“insist n ding”坚持做某事；“get dwn t ding”开始做某事；“lk frward t ding”盼望做某事。
26．答案：A
解析：从下文可知，Brian毕业于艺术学院。根据上文可知他现在的职业是汽车设计师，故只能选“毕业生”。
27．答案：B
解析：根据文中内容可知， Brian想为 Faris画一幅肖像。虽然他是艺术学校毕业生，但有8年没有拿起“画笔”，他还是想那么做。于是，出现了文中第一段最开始呈现的情景。
28．答案：D
解析：根据第一段第一句内容可知，Brian 因为简单的一句问话，引发了后续一连串的行为。所以他后来应该是亲自“组建”了一个非营利机构。
29．答案：B
解析：联系上下文可知，此组织主要是“结识”像Faris那样的人们，给他们作画，再将以他们为模特的画作出售。
30．答案：D
解析：因为本文另一位主要人物Faris为流离失所的人，故选择 unhused，形容词，指没有居住地的，无家可归的。
31．答案：A
解析：根据上文可知，Brian 建立的这个机构专门设立了一个爱心账号。账号里的资金用以帮助像Faris 那样画作中的人物“模特们”去实现他们的梦想。
32．答案：has becme； Unlike； t suit；an；wh/that；specially；engaging；details；made；accessible
解析：
①考查谓语动词时态和主谓一致。句意：近来，一部迷人的越剧《新龙门客栈》大受欢迎。由“Recently”可知，时态应用现在完成时。主语为《新龙门客栈》这部越剧，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。
②考查介词。句意：不像传统的越剧常常从古代剧本和民间传说中汲取灵感，《新龙门客栈》是基于拥有大量粉丝的同名电影，且为了更好地适合当前背景和越剧特点而改编。分析句子结构可知，设空处应填入介词。根据句意可知，设空处是说明改编后的越剧《新龙门客栈》与传统越剧的不同之处，unlike意为“不像，与⋯⋯不同”。
③考查非谓语动词。句意同上。设空处应填入不定式作目的状语。
④考查冠词。句意：例如，贾廷一角从电影中的一位老人形象摇身一变，成了一位风流倜傥的公子。figure此处意为“人物，形象”，为可数名词，而前有 elderly 修饰，元音音素开头，故用an。
⑤考查从属连词。分析句子结构可知，设空处应填从属连词。根据句意可知，设空处引导定语从句，在句中作主语，修饰 a female actr, 故填 wh/that。
⑥考查副词。句意：这部越剧是在一个特别设计的剧院里上演。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意：在这个剧院里，观众坐在离演员很近的地方和他们互动，沉浸式享受独特的观影体验。设空处和immersing为并列结构，在句中作伴随状语。
⑧考查名词复数。句意：让观众离表演者更近可以让他们欣赏到更多更好的细节。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意：这里还有很多由剧团表演者设计的与观众的即兴互动，这使得每场表演都独一无二。设空处作后置定语修饰 interactins，表示被动的含义。
⑩考查形容词。句意：现在，我们正在努力让年轻一代更能接近和理解越剧。设空处与 relatable构成并列结构，作宾补。
33．答案：
My Plan(s) fr a Meaningful Summer Vacatin
As a high schl senir, I think this summer vacatin is special. I've planned it fcusing n persnal grwth and explratin.
I have decided t wrk part-time at a bkstre. This experience will nt nly help me develp a sense f respnsibility but allw me t save up fr a language curse. Being surrunded by bks is an added bnus as I'm a bk lver. Additinally, I'm determined t learn Arabic. Understanding anther language pens drs t different cultures and perspectives, which I find incredibly valuable.
I'm sure this cmbinatin f wrk and learning will make fr a bth prductive and meaningful summer.
34．答案：
Finally when Sl asked again if he culd cme t ur huse, I had t say yes. The day Sl came ver I was very nervus. Mama and the ther family members welcmed him with embraces. Sn after sitting at the heavy, deeply stained table, we were instantly faced with bwls f sup. "Sl," Mama asked, "yu knw what this is?" "Sup?" Sl respnded. "N sup," Mama said emphatically. "It's minestrne!" She then launched int a lng explanatin f the pwer f minestrne: hw it cured headaches, clds. And Mama even said the sup wuld make Sl strng. I was s embarrassed, cnvinced that this wuld be the last time I wuld ever see my friend Sl.
But t my amazement, I nticed Sl tk a spnful f Mama's minestrne sup. His initial he sitatin gave way t genuine enjyment. And as the evening prgressed, I saw him relax, his rigid psture melting away in my family's easy atmsphere. After he finished his bwl, he asked fr tw mre. "I like it a lt," he said, slurping. When we were saying ur gd-byes, Sl cnfided, "Yu sure have a great family." Then he added, "By, yu are lucky!" Lucky? I wndered. Suddenly, it dawned n me that true wealth wasn't measured in plished silver r sptless kitchens. It was fund in the simple jys f family, laughter, and a steaming bwl f Mama's minestrne sup.