第19讲 阅读理解七选五（练）-2024年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）（解析版）（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份第19讲 阅读理解七选五（练）-2024年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）（解析版）（原卷版+解析版），文件包含第19讲阅读理解七选五练-2024年高考英语一轮复习讲练测新教材新高考原卷版docx、第19讲阅读理解七选五练-2024年高考英语一轮复习讲练测新教材新高考解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共64页， 欢迎下载使用。

（模拟精练+真题演练）
根据文章选择正确的选项
（2023年江苏省盐城中学高三模拟考试试卷）
The Upside t Being Outside
Research shws that being in nature makes peple feel gd, whether they’re rughing it in the wilderness fr days r just hanging ut at a lcal park fr a while. One study was cnducted in the city f Birmingham, Alabama. Researchers fund that mst participants’ md and well-being imprved significantly when they spent time in urban parks, even thugh the average visit was nly arund half an hur.
1 Fr example, scientists in the United Kingdm studied the impact f the “30 Days Wild” campaign. It challenged peple t interact with nature fr 30 days by enjying earthy activities like feeding birds and planting flwers. Participants were measurably happier and healthier thrughut the challenge…and fr mnths afterwards, t. 2
Hw des nature bst peple’s happiness? Scientists say that spending time in natural settings reduces stress and anxiety, which benefits mental and physical health. Research shws ur brains are mre relaxed in natural settings.
T mst peple, it’s nt news that nature can be calming. But multiple studies have fund that spending time in nature als has sme mre surprising benefits, like imprving creativity and prblem-slving. 3 Anther fund that expsure t nature helped peple scre better n tests. That’s mre prf that ging utside is a smart mve!
What accunts fr the cnnectin with cgnitin and creativity? It culd be that a gd dse f nature acts as a cure t infrmatin verlad. Everyday life invlves a lt f multitasking. Sme scientists therize that spending time in nature enables ur brains t rest and recver frm mental tiredness. 4
Naturally, scientific studies dn’t cver everything that’s great abut the great utdrs. 5 Frm recreatin and exercise t happiness and creativity, there are lts f upsides t getting utside.
A．One study revealed that peple were better at figuring ut puzzles after a fur-day camping trip.
B．Accrding t many scientific studies, there’s a gd chance it’ll make yu happier, healthier, and mre creative.
C．What’s mre, the lift peple get frm nature is lng lasting.
D．Lts f peple enjy fun activities utside, like swimming, riding bikes, r climbing trees.
E．When the nly light yu’ve seen all day is the glw f a screen, it might be a gd idea t switch it ff.
F．This means that whether yu’re studying r playing vide games, heading utside t give yur brain a break might help yu get t the next level.
G．S, kicking back in a park is a bit like treating yur mind t a restful mini vacatin.
【答案】1．C 2．G 3．A 4．F 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是户外活动的好处。
1．根据空后的Fr example可知，空后内容是对该空的举例说明，所以该空为本段的主题句，根据空处所在段落的尾句“Participants were measurably happier and healthier thrughut the challenge…and fr mnths afterwards, t. (在整个挑战过程中，参与者都更快乐、更健康……之后的几个月也是如此。)”可知，该段讲述的是在户外活动给参与者带来的快乐会持续很久，C选项“What’s mre, the lift peple get frm nature is lng lasting. (更重要的是，人们从大自然中获得的提升是持久的。)”表述的内容与举例说明中的内容一致，符合语境。故选C项。
2．根据空前“Fr example, scientists in the United Kingdm studied the impact f the “30 Days Wild” campaign. It challenged peple t interact with nature fr 30 days by enjying earthy activities like feeding birds and planting flwers.Participants were measurably happier and healthier thrughut the challenge…and fr mnths afterwards, t. (例如，英国科学家研究了“野外30天”运动的影响。它要求人们在30天内与大自然互动，享受像喂鸟和种花这样的朴实活动。参与者在整个挑战过程中以及之后的几个月里都明显更快乐、更健康。在整个挑战过程中，参与者都更快乐、更健康……之后的几个月也是如此。)”可知，该段讲述的是在户外活动给参与者带来快乐，G选项“S, kicking back in a park is a bit like treating yur mind t a restful mini vacatin. (所以，在公园里放松一下有点像给你的大脑放个小长假。)”，是对前面的总结，符合语境。故选G项。
3．根据空前“But multiple studies have fund that spending time in nature als has sme mre surprising benefits, like imprving creativity and prblem-slving.(但多项研究发现，花时间在大自然中也有一些更令人惊讶的好处，比如提高创造力和解决问题的能力。)”中的multiple studies以及空后句子“Anther fund that expsure t nature helped peple scre better n tests.(另一项研究发现，接触大自然有助于人们在考试中取得更好的成绩。)”中的anther可知，该空格应该是关于在户外好处的相关研究，A选项“One study revealed that peple were better at figuring ut puzzles after a fur-day camping trip.(一项研究表明，人们在为期四天的露营旅行后更善于找出谜题。)”讲述的为一项关于户外好处的研究，符合语境。故选A项。
4．根据空格处于尾句可知，该空应为本段的总结，根据空前“Sme scientists therize that spending time in nature enables ur brains t rest and recver frm mental tiredness. (一些科学家认为，花时间在大自然中可以让我们的大脑休息并从精神疲劳中恢复过来。)”可知，户外会让大脑得到休息，从精神疲劳中恢复过来，F选项“This means that whether yu’re studying r playing vide games, heading utside t give yur brain a break might help yu get t the next level. (这意味着无论你是在学习还是玩电子游戏，到外面去让你的大脑休息一下可能会帮助你达到一个新的水平。)”中的this means是对空前内容的解释，结合句意可知，F选项内容与空前内容吻合。故选F项。
5．根据空后“Frm recreatin and exercise t happiness and creativity, there are lts f upsides t getting utside. (从娱乐和锻炼到快乐和创造力，户外活动有很多好处。)”的recreatin(娱乐)相关的户外活动为全文首次出现可以推断，此空处应提到相关内容，D选项“Lts f peple enjy fun activities utside, like swimming, riding bikes, r climbing trees. (很多人在外面享受有趣的活动，如游泳、骑自行车或爬树。)”中的fun activity以及其后的举例内容与空后内容一致。故选D项。
2.（广东省揭阳市普宁市2023年高三联考试题）
Recycling is gd fr ur planet, but it can be cnfusing. Can I recycle plastic bags? What abut pizza cartns? Tthpaste tubes? Which bin shuld I use? There are s many questins, and mre than half f Americans are unsure abut hw t recycle. 6 Here’s a handy fur-step guide n hw t recycle effectively:
Knw what t put in the recycling bin. Keep it simple and fcus n the mst cmmnly recycled items, such as paper, glass, aluminum and plastic. 7 Dn’t use the recycled symbl as a guide. “The number n the cntainer is really fr peple t identify the type f resin (树脂). That’s nt helpful fr the cmmn cnsumer,” said Cdy Marshall, a strategist at nnprfit Recycling Partnership.
8 It is really imprtant t knw what yu cannt put in yur bin. Yu can always check with yur city r at BeRecycled.rg. If yu live in the US, just plug in yur pstcde t search. Recycling cmpanies struggle with the same prblem items: hses (软管), crds, needles and clthing, accrding t Marshall, s dn’t put thse items in yur bin.
Wash r clean items. D a quick clean t make sure there is n fd left in cntainers befre yu put them in the bin. 9 Save fd fr cmpsting (堆肥) in yur garden.
Dn’t bag it. Unless yu live in a place that requires it, like New Yrk City, keep the recyclables lst in the bin. “A lt f the time, it’s nt safe fr ur emplyees t tear thse bags pen, r it takes t much time,” said Keller. “ 10 ”
A．Knw what is nt recyclable.
B．The answers are nt hard t find.
C．A lt f bagged stuff ges right t the landfill.
D．Plastic bags can be used again r returned t grcery stres.
E．If yu really dn’t knw if an item is recyclable, then just thrw it in the garbage.
F．This is really imprtant if yu nly use ne bin because fd items culd ruin paper.
G．Hard plastics like water and sft drink bttles r anything like these can be recycled.
【答案】6．B 7．G 8．A 9．F 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有效回收的4个步骤：知道要把什么放进回收箱；知道什么是不可回收的；扔垃圾之前清理出食物残留；不要把垃圾装袋。
6．前文“There are s many questins, and mre than half f Americans are unsure abut hw t recycle.(有这么多的问题，超过一半的美国人不确定如何回收)”提及了回收时有太多问题令人困扰，后文“Here’s a handy fur-step guide n hw t recycle effectively(以下是有效回收垃圾的四步指南)”则说到有效回收的4个步骤。由此推知，设空句作为中间过渡句，应是与前文在句意逻辑上构成转折，且引出后文内容。B项“The answers are nt hard t find.(答案不难找到)”的“The answers”对应前文“questins”，句意上与前文构成转折，且可引出后文内容，用在文中可承前启后，符合语境。故选B项。
7．根据主题句“Knw what t put in the recycling bin.(知道该把什么放在回收箱里)”可知，该段主要讲述可回收物品，G项“Hard plastics like water and sft drink bttles r anything like these can be recycled.(硬塑料，如水瓶和软饮料瓶或类似的任何东西，都可以回收)”介绍的是可回收的物品，贴合该段主题，符合语境。故选G项。
8．设空句为该段主题句。根据后文“It is really imprtant t knw what yu cannt put in yur bin.(知道哪些东西不能放进垃圾桶是很重要的)”可知，本段介绍的是不可回收的物品。选项A“Knw what is nt recyclable.(知道什么是不可回收的)”可作该段主题句。故选A项。
9．前文“D a quick clean t make sure there is n fd left in cntainers befre yu put them in the bin.(在你把容器放进垃圾桶之前，快速清理一下，确保容器里没有食物残留)”提及要将食物残留清理出来，那么，设空句应解释这样做的原因。选项F“This is really imprtant if yu nly use ne bin because fd items culd ruin paper.(如果你只用一个垃圾桶，这一点非常重要，因为食物会破坏纸张)”解释了原因，符合语境。故选F项。
10．前文“A lt f the time, it’s nt safe fr ur emplyees t tear thse bags pen, r it takes t much time(很多时候，我们的员工撕开这些袋子是不安全的，或者需要花费太多时间)”提及袋装垃圾有危害性或浪费时间。由此推知，设空句应讲述为了安全或不浪费时间，袋装垃圾的去处。选项C“A lt f bagged stuff ges right t the landfill.(很多袋装的东西直接被扔进了垃圾填埋场)”讲到了袋装垃圾不会经过人工处理，直接被扔进了填埋场，符合语境。故选C项。
3.（2023年湖南省长沙市湖南师范大学附属中学试题）
Have yu ever heard smene say, “breakfast is the mst imprtant meal f the day”, r give yu advice abut why it’s vital t start the day with a healthy breakfast. 11 Is it really that imprtant? In a sense, it really matters.
Energy restratin
The wrd “breakfast” cmes frm “breaking the fast” — the idea f ending the perid in which we didn’t eat during the night. The regeneratin prcess that takes place while we sleep cnsumes sme f ur natural fd reserves t heal ur bdies. 12 S, in that way, a healthy breakfast makes sense.
Weight management
There are als many ften-quted studies which seem t link a state f besity with skipping breakfast. 13 In a US study, 50,000 peple were mnitred ver seven years, and thse wh ate a healthy breakfast were fund t have a lwer BMI, which seems t suggest that breakfast may indeed help peple maintain a healthy weight.
Better brain functin
14 Breakfast is als assciated with imprved brain functin, including cncentratin and language. A review f 54 studies fund that eating breakfast can imprve memry, thugh the effects n ther brain functins were incnclusive. Hwever, ne f the researchers says there is reasnable evidence that breakfast des imprve cncentratin.
What’s mst imprtant is what we eat fr breakfast. High-prtein breakfasts have been fund particularly effective in reducing fd cravings and cnsumptin later in the day. Hwever, studies fund that there is n agreement n what type f breakfast is healthier. 15
A．Breakfast helps us refill the exhausted stres.
B．This feast is necessarily gives us a new start.
C．Weight-lss is likely t cause them health prblems.
D．Breakfast has been fund t affect mre than just weight.
E．Thus, it is suggested that a healthy breakfast can regulate and lse weight.
F．Many peple are recmmended t manage their weight by skipping meals.
G．Breakfast types dn’t matter as much as simply eating smething.
【答案】11．B 12．A 13．E 14．D 15．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了早餐的作用。
11．上文“Have yu ever heard smene say, “breakfast is the mst imprtant meal f the day”, r give yu advice abut why it’s vital t start the day with a healthy breakfast. (你是否听过有人说，“早餐是一天中最重要的一餐”，或者给你建议为什么以健康的早餐开始新的一天是至关重要的。)”提出有人说早餐的重要性，B项“This feast is necessarily gives us a new start.(这场“盛宴”必然给了我们一个新的开始。)”承接上文，继续强调早餐的作用，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
12．上文“The regeneratin prcess that takes place while we sleep cnsumes sme f ur natural fd reserves t heal ur bdies.(在我们睡觉时进行的再生过程会消耗一些我们的天然食物储备来治愈我们的身体。)”提出晚上睡觉会消耗身体中的食物储备，A项“Breakfast helps us refill the exhausted stres.(早餐帮助我们补充耗尽的储备。)”承接上文，说明早餐可以补充消耗的储备，照应主题“Energy restratin”。故选A项。
13．上文“There are als many ften-quted studies which seem t link a state f besity with skipping breakfast.(还有许多经常被引用的研究似乎将肥胖状态与不吃早餐联系起来。)”提出关于肥胖与早餐的研究，E项“Thus, it is suggested that a healthy breakfast can regulate and lse weight.(因此，表明健康的早餐可以调节体重和减肥。)”给出研究的结论：健康的早餐可以调节体重和减肥。上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
14．第三段中介绍了健康的早餐可以调节体重和减肥，设空句下文“Breakfast is als assciated with imprved brain functin, including cncentratin and language.(早餐还能改善大脑功能，包括注意力和语言能力。)”提出新的功能：改善大脑功能。D项“Breakfast has been fund t affect mre than just weight.(研究发现，早餐影响的不仅仅是体重。)”承上启下，句中“mre than just weight”照应第三段内容。故选D项。
15．上文“Hwever, studies fund that there is n agreement n what type f breakfast is healthier.(然而，研究发现，对于哪种类型的早餐更健康，人们并没有一致的看法。)”提出对于早餐类型没有确定的说法，G项“Breakfast types dn’t matter as much as simply eating smething.(早餐的种类并不重要，重要的是吃点东西。)”承接上文，说明早餐类型并不重要，但是一定要吃早餐，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
4.（2023年湖南省长沙一中高三试题）
In the face f wildlife lss and habitat destructin, it’s easy t feel pwerless t imprve. But any actin yu take, n matter hw small, will help restre the wrld t its natural balance. Here are 4 things yu can d t help wildlife.
Think twice befre landscaping.
16 But unless yu’re cnfrnting a genuine safety issue, remember that what’s unpleasant t yu is sweet hme t squirrels, birds, wrms and ther animals that yu might nt even knw are there. If yu must landscape yur yard, d s in a way that wn’t drive away native wildlife.
Keep yur cats indrs.
It’s irnic that many peple wh claim t lve wildlife have n prblem allwing their cats t ram freely utside. Cats are animals, t. 17 Outdr cats, hwever, dn’t think twice abut killing wild birds. In case yu’re thinking abut “warning” the birds by attaching a bell t yur cat’s cllar, dn’t bther: Birds have an inbrn tendency t flee lud, startling nises, nt jingling pieces f metal.
Dn’t feed any animals but birds.
That deer that wanders int yur backyard might lk hungry and helpless. 18 Giving fd t animals accustms them t human cntact, but nt all human beings are as warmhearted as yu are. Feeding wild birds, n the ther hand. is OK as lng as yu dn’t have utdr cats and yu prvide a meal in keeping with the bird’s natural diet. 19
Clean up litter (nt nly yur wn).
If yu’re cncerned abut prtecting wildlife, yu knw better than t litter. But it’s nt enugh t keep yur wn yard r picnic area clean. Yu shuld g the extra mile and pick up cans and bttles left by ther peple. 20
A．Chse nuts and seeds rather than prcessed bread.
B．It seems cruel t keep them shut up inside the huse.
C．Hwever, if yu feed it, yu wn’t be ding it any favrs.
D．Mst peple dn’t want wild animals t destry their rses.
E．Smal animals can easily get trapped in r injured by this litter.
F．If yu have the space, establishing a “mini meadw (草地)” as a brder r bundary area is anther effective way t attract birds, as well as beneficial insects.
G．If yu have just purchased a huse r a piece f land, yu might be tempted t chp (砍) dwn unsightly trees.
【答案】16．G 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了帮助野生动物，你可以做到的四件事。
【详解】16. 此句是第二段的段首句，其作用应该是引出本段小标题要表达的意思。结合小标题“Think twice befre landscaping.(在改造之前要三思。)”与最后一句“If yu must landscape yur yard, d s in a way that wn’t drive away native wildlife.(如果你必须改造你的院子，以不会赶走本地野生动物的方式来做。)”可知，本段是建议大家在改造住所（landscape v.）时，要考虑到对周围野生动植物的影响，由下文“But unless yu’re cnfrnting a genuine safety issue, remember that what’s unpleasant t yu is sweet hme t squirrels, birds, wrms and ther animals that yu might nt even knw are there. (但是，除非你面对的是真正的安全问题，否则请记住，对你来说不愉快的东西却是松鼠、鸟类、蠕虫和其他你可能不知道存在的动物的甜蜜家园。)”可知，上下文是转折关系。G选项“如果你刚买了房子或者一块地，你可能会忍不住去砍倒那些难看的树木。”符合，其中的“chp dwn unsightly trees”就是landscape的具体做法，故选G。
17. 后一句“Outdr cats, hwever, dn’t think twice abut killing wild birds.(然而，在家门以外的猫对于捕杀鸟类毫不仁慈)”指出把猫放出去它们会吃野生动物，由hwever可知，前后句子是转折关系，选项B“把它们关在屋子里似乎很残忍。”符合，虽然把猫关在屋子似乎很残忍，但是如果放出来，它们会吃掉野生动物，且选项中keep them shut up inside the huse呼应本段标题“Keep yur cats indrs.(把你的猫关在屋里。)”，故选B。
18. 根据本段小标题“Dn’t feed any animals but birds.(除了鸟，不要喂任何动物。)”可知要保护动物，我们就要克制住给野生动物喂食的想法，结合前一句“That deer that wanders int yur backyard might lk hungry and helpless. (跑到你家后院来的野生鹿看起来很饿很无助)”可知，跑到你家后院来的野生鹿看起来很饿很无助，但是也不应该喂它们，C项“ 但是，如果你喂它，你就不会对它有任何好处。”符合，呼应本段主题，故选C。
19. 此处前一句说“Feeding wild birds, n the ther hand is OK as lng as yu dn’t have utdr cats and yu prvide a meal in keeping with the bird’s natural diet. (另一方面，喂养野生鸟类是可以的，只要你在户外没有猫，你提供一餐符合鸟的自然饮食就是可以打。)”给野生鸟类喂养与它们食谱中一致的食物是可以的，那就意味着尽量给它们喂食纯天然未经加工的东西，A项“ 选择坚果和种子而不是加工过的面包。”符合，故选A。
20. 此段的小标题“Clean up litter (nt nly yur wn).(清理垃圾（不仅仅是你自己的）。)”告诉我们，要保护野生动植物，我们要做的不仅是随时清理自己产生的垃圾，上文“Yu shuld g the extra mile and pick up cans and bttles left by ther peple. (你应该多走一段路，捡起别人留下的易拉罐和瓶子。)”指出我们要捡起别人留下的易拉罐和瓶子，空处承接上文，指出这么做的原因，即能保护野生动物，E项“小动物很容易被这些垃圾困住或受伤。”符合，故选E。
5.（2023年浙江省丽水市三校联考试题）
Garden lights are extremely imprtant. 21 We have prepared the ultimate guide that aims t prvide yu with all the infrmatin that yu culd pssibly need. S, what are yu waiting fr? Let’s get started.
The first thing that yu need t d is t use LED lights that are knwn fr their lw heat emissin. It wuld als help reduce the attractin t flies r insects. 22 Hence, yu need t g fr a lwer heat emissins ptin. The lights are gd fr the envirnment and help yu save energy csts.
Next, yu have t install light shields (保护罩) fr creating a physical barrier between the utdr elements and lights. By getting light shields, yu get t increase the prtectin f yur expensive utdr lights. 23 Dn’t frget t take the accurate measurement f the lights when shpping fr light shields.
When it cmes t using garden lights, lcatin is everything. 24 Yu need t place the garden lights in a lcatin where the utdr lighting cmpnents wuld be prtected frm the elements. They shuld prvide sufficient lighting and last a lng time at the same time.
Finally, yu als have t maintain the garden lights system fr ensuring that it cntinues t be prperly cntrlled. Regardless f which type f garden lights yu get, yu have t ensure that they are well maintained and serviced frm time t time. 25 Yu have n excuse nt t get them serviced.
A．It is nt smething that shuld be taken lightly.
B．Unexpected elements will cause damage t the lights.
C．It can be frustrating t see them taking ver the lighting.
D．Place them in the crrect psitin t wrk and last a lng time.
E．They can make yur garden area safer and mre beautiful in n time.
F．Yu shuld seek help frm a lighting prfessinal fr the best utcme.
G．They als help ensure the lights d nt shine t bright in just ne spt.
【答案】21．E 22．C 23．G 24．D 25．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章提供了使用庭院照明方面的建议。
21．前文“Garden lights are extremely imprtant.（庭院灯是非常重要的。）”说明庭院灯的重要性，E项“They can make yur garden area safer and mre beautiful in n time.（它们可以立刻让你的庭院更安全、更美丽。）”符合语境，解释了重要的原因，承接前文。虽然A项“It is nt smething that shuld be taken lightly.（它不是可以掉以轻心的东西。）”语义上可以承接前文，但是其中的“It”无法指代前文的“Garden lights”，因此不合语境。故选E。
22．前文“It wuld als help reduce the attractin t flies r insects.（这也有助于减少对苍蝇或昆虫的吸引力。）”提到用LED等可以减少苍蝇或昆虫，C项“It can be frustrating t see them taking ver the lighting.（看到它们借用照明是令人沮丧的。）”符合语境，说明灯下有苍蝇或昆虫的坏处，承接前文，其中的“them”指代前文的“flies r insects”。故选C。
23．前文“By getting light shields, yu get t increase the prtectin f yur expensive utdr lights.（通过获得遮光罩，你可以增加对昂贵的户外灯的保护。）”指出用遮光罩的好处，G项“They als help ensure the lights d nt shine t bright in just ne spt.（它们还有助于确保灯光不会在一个地方太亮。）”符合语境，进一步指出用遮光罩的好处，承接前文，其中的“They”指代前文的“light shields”。故选G。
24．前文“When it cmes t using garden lights, lcatin is everything.（使用庭院灯时，位置就是一切。）”指出位置的重要性，D项“Place them in the crrect psitin t wrk and last a lng time.（放置在正确的位置才能工作，延长使用寿命。）”符合语境，解释位置重要的原因，承接前文，其中的“them”指代前文的“garden lights”。故选D。
25．后文“Yu have n excuse nt t get them serviced.（你没有理由不去保养它们。）”指出有理由保养庭院灯，B项“Unexpected elements will cause damage t the lights.（意想不到的因素会损坏灯。）”符合语境，指出庭院灯可能会损坏，自然引出后文的保养，后文的“them”指代其中的“the lights”。故选B。
6.（河南省部分名校2023年高三联合检测）
Yu may dislike yur jb, but due t financial burdens r lack f ther jb ffers, yu’re frced t stay where yu are. 26
Identify exactly what it is that’s causing the aversin (厌恶).Is it the mean bss? Is it the verly cmpetitive c-wrkers? Is there a new and added respnsibility that yu cannt handle r are nt equipped t d well? Make a prs and cns (优缺点) list f yur current jb related t wrk envirnments, c-wrkers, management and s n. 27 It will als help yu identify what yu dn’t want in yur next jb if yu decide t begin a jb search.
Make an effrt t develp cnnectin. 28 Create meaning in yur wrk by finding ways t feel cnnected if it feels meaningless. Cnnecting with thers can help yu feel mre purpseful in yur wrk. Create pprtunities t cnnect with c-wrkers s that yur emplyment becmes mre than just a surce f incme.
Fcus n the psitive. 29 If yu’re unsure what t d when yu dislike yur jb, fcus n what yu appreciate abut it and mentally blck ut the unfavrable aspects. Yu may dislike yur current jb, but remaining with it may be the best ptin if it’s simply a stepping stne t yur prfessinal bjectives a few years dwn the rad.
30 Hwever much yu dislike yur jb, just think f the millins f unemplyed peple wh are desperate t find wrk. While yur jb may be far frm perfect, it’s still a jb. It pays yu a wage and ffers yu a chance t cntribute t sciety.
A．Be grateful fr having a jb.
B．This will help yu srt ut a prblem.
C．Reduce yur stress levels utside f wrk.
D．Remember hw t carry ut yur duties well.
E．Are yu having truble finding purpse in yur wrk?
F．Yu dn’t really dislike everything abut yur jb right nw, d yu?
G．There’re ways t help yu determine hw t enjy wrk when yu dislike it.
【答案】26．G 27．B 28．E 29．F 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在不得已的情况下尽可能地享受你不喜欢的工作的方法。
26．根据前句“Yu may dislike yur jb, but due t financial burdens r lack f ther jb ffers, yu’re frced t stay where yu are. (你可能不喜欢你的工作，但由于经济负担或缺乏其他工作机会，你被迫留在原地)”谈到被迫待在不喜欢的工作岗位这一情况，下文则介绍了享受不喜欢的工作的方法。所以设空处承上启下，提出有一些方法可以帮助你享受这份你不喜欢的工作。所以选择项G“There’re ways t help yu determine hw t enjy wrk when yu dislike it.( 当你不喜欢工作时，有一些方法可以帮助你决定如何享受工作)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
27．根据前句“Make a prs and cns (优缺点) list f yur current jb related t wrk envirnments, c-wrkers, management and s n.( 把你目前的工作与工作环境、同事、管理等相关的优点和缺点列出来)”谈到要列出当前工作的优缺点，而后句“It will als help yu identify what yu dn’t want in yur next jb if yu decide t begin a jb search.( 如果你决定开始找工作，它还可以帮助你确定下一份工作中你不想要的东西)”则列举说明这样做的好处，且B项中的This will help 与空后的It will als help相对应。所以选择项B“This will help yu srt ut a prblem. (这将帮助你解决问题)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
28．根据本段段首句“Make an effrt t develp cnnectin.(努力建立联系)”以及空后的“Create meaning in yur wrk by finding ways t feel cnnected if it feels meaningless. (在你的工作中创造意义，如果它感觉没有意义，通过寻找方法让你感到联系)”可知，本段旨在说明如何通过建立联系创造工作的意义，且E项中的finding purpse与空后的Create meaning相对应。所以选择项E“Are yu having truble finding purpse in yur wrk?(你在工作中找不到目标吗?)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
29．根据本段段首句“Fcus n the psitive.(关注积极的一面)”以及下文“If yu’re unsure what t d when yu dislike yur jb, fcus n what yu appreciate abut it and mentally blck ut the unfavrable aspects.(当你不喜欢你的工作时，如果你不确定该怎么做，那就把注意力集中在你喜欢它的地方，把不喜欢的方面排除在外)”可知，本段主要介绍要关注工作中好的一面。F项与本段内容相呼应，承接下文。所以选择项F“Yu dn’t really dislike everything abut yur jb right nw, d yu? ( 你现在并不是真的不喜欢你工作的一切，对吧?)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
30．结合下文“Hwever much yu dislike yur jb, just think f the millins f unemplyed peple wh are desperate t find wrk. While yur jb may be far frm perfect, it’s still a jb. It pays yu a wage and ffers yu a chance t cntribute t sciety(不管你多么不喜欢你的工作，想想数以百万计的失业者，他们迫切地想找到工作。虽然你的工作可能远非完美，但它仍然是一份工作。它给你工资，给你一个为社会做贡献的机会)”可知，本段主要讲述了要感恩拥有一份工作。所以选择项A“Be grateful fr having a jb. (感谢你有一份工作)”符合上下文语境。故选A。
7.（2023年湖北省华中师范大学附中适应性试题）
Phtgraphy fr me has always been a key. It pens up drs, gives me an excuse t travel with mre purpse, and lets me see behind the scenes. 31 —“Better get back t taking phts. Nice t chat!”
What is my advice t beginners? I didn’t study phtgraphy; I’m nt frmally trained; 32 But that’s nt what phtgraphy is abut fr me. If yu want t be a phtgrapher, be cnstantly asking yurself the questin: “What is the stry here?” It desn’t matter if yu are shting a dish at yur favrite restaurant r the fd waste prcessing plant that deals with wat’s left ver— 33 What des that mean? If I’m phtgraphing a dinner party fr Scial Supply, it’s imprtant t capture nt just the plate f fd, but t step back and capture the scene arund it. If I’m taking phts f a mushrm harvest in Yunnan, I make sure t find an angle that shws just hw much they’ve harvested, but als a few clse-ups f the weathered hands that are carefully srting.
34 I’ve taken hundreds f thusands f phts this year alne. The mre yu sht the better yu will be. S, start shting—anything and everything, but specially yur fiends’ businesses and prjects.
D I have a gd camera? Yes, but sme peple still think that the phts I pst frm my phne were taken n that camera, s dn’t cnfuse a gd device with being a gd phtgrapher. 35 s start there, and start tday.
A．Let the stry guide yu.
B．I have virtually n art experience.
C．Like anything, phtgraphy requires practice.
D．Phtgraphy becmes an incredible drive t explre.
E．Sme f my favrite phtgraphers just use their phne.
F．It als helps t slip ut f awkward small talk at parties.
G．I feel deeply cnnected with whatever is captured thrugh my camera lens.
【答案】31．F 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．E
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者结合自身经历给出了一些摄影的建议。
31．上文“Phtgraphy fr me has always been a key. It pens up drs, gives me an excuse t travel with mre purpse, and lets me see behind the scenes.(摄影对我来说一直是个关键。它为我打开了一扇门，给了我一个更有目的旅行的借口，让我看到了幕后。)”提到了摄影对作者的重要性；下文““Better get back t taking phts. Nice t chat!”(“还是聊回拍照吧。这很好聊!”)”转而提到“回到拍照的话题”，为过渡句，下文第二段开始提出学习摄影的建议。由此可知，设空处应是承接上文的话题，与摄影的好处相关。F项“It als helps t slip ut f awkward small talk at parties.(这也有助于在聚会上避免尴尬的闲聊。)”中的it指代上文的Phtgraphy，als helps也与上文对应。故选F项。
32．上文“I didn’t study phtgraphy; I’m nt frmally trained;(我没有学过摄影；我没有受过正规训练；)”提到了作者既没学过摄影，也没有受过正规训练；下文“But that’s nt what phtgraphy is abut fr me.(但这不是摄影对我的意义。)”转而提到上文提到的那些都不是摄影对作者的意义。结合设空处前面的分号可知，设空处与上文两个句子构成排比句式。B项“I have virtually n art experience.(我几乎没有美术经验。)”与上文对应。故选B项。
33．上文“If yu want t be a phtgrapher, be cnstantly asking yurself the questin: “What is the stry here?” It desn’t matter if yu are shting a dish at yur favrite restaurant r the fd waste prcessing plant that deals with wat’s left ver(如果你想成为一名摄影师，就要不断地问自己这个问题：“这里的故事是什么？”无论你是在你最喜欢的餐馆拍摄一道菜，还是在处理剩饭剩菜的食物垃圾处理厂)”提到了如果相当一名摄影师，就要不断问自己“这里的故事是什么？”；下文“What des that mean? If I’m phtgraphing a dinner party fr Scial Supply, it’s imprtant t capture nt just the plate f fd, but t step back and capture the scene arund it.(这是什么意思？如果我正在为Scial Supply拍摄晚宴，重要的是不仅要捕捉一盘食物，还要退后一步，捕捉周围的场景。)”通过举例子进一步解释了问“这里的故事是什么？”的含义。A项“Let the stry guide yu.(让故事引导你。)”与上文的“What is the stry here?”对应。故选A项。
34．设空处位于段首，为段落主旨句；下文“I’ve taken hundreds f thusands f phts this year alne. The mre yu sht the better yu will be. S, start shting—anything and everything, but specially yur fiends’ businesses and prjects.(仅今年一年，我就拍了数十万张照片。你拍得越多，你就会越好。所以，开始拍摄吧，什么都可以，尤其是你朋友的生意和项目。)”提到了拍得越多，就会越好，说明摄影是需要练习的。C项“Like anything, phtgraphy requires practice.(像任何事情一样，摄影需要练习。)”最能概括本段内容。故选C项。
35．上文“D I have a gd camera? Yes, but sme peple still think that the phts I pst frm my phne were taken n that camera, s dn’t cnfuse a gd device with being a gd phtgrapher.(我有好的相机吗？是的，但有些人仍然认为我从手机上发布的照片是用那台相机拍摄的，所以不要把一个好设备和一个好摄影师混为一谈。)”提到了不要把好设备和好摄影师混为一谈，由此可知，设空处应与摄影设备和摄影师有关。E项“Sme f my favrite phtgraphers just use their phne.(我最喜欢的一些摄影师只用他们的手机拍。)”与上下文对应。故选E项。
8.（2023年吉林省吉林大学附中高三试题）
When a heavy strm hit, residents f the flating cmmunity f Schnschip in Amsterdam had little dubt abut whether they culd ride it ut. They tied up their wn stuff, and checked in with neighbrs t ensure everyne had enugh fd and water. 36 , rising alng with the water and ging back t its riginal psitin after the rain stpped.
A flating huse can be cnstructed n any shreline and is able t deal with rising seas by remaining n the tp f the water’s surface. 37 , flating hmes are fixed t the shre and are usually cnnected t the lcal sewer (污水管道) system and pwer grid. They are structurally similar t huses built n land.
38 . Siti Belen, the Schnschip resident, says that when she first mved in, strmy weather made her think twice. “Yu feel it in yur stmach,” she says, adding that she has gtten used t the feeling. Flating hmes als require extra infrastructure and wrk t cnnect t the electricity grid and sewer system.
39 . “If there are flds, it’s expected that many peple will mve t higher grund. But the alternative is t stay clse t castal cities and explre expansin nt the water,” says Rutger de Graaf. “ 40 . That’s unavidable merely half a century away. We need t start nw t increase the scale f flating develpments.”
A．They then barded their flating huses
B．But the benefits may utweigh the csts
C．Since flating huses are n the increase
D．We feel safer in a strm because we are flating
E．Unlike husebat which can easily be mved and relcated
F．Hundreds f millins f peple will be displaced by sea level rise
G．Severe wind and rain, r even the passing ships, can rck the buildings
【答案】36．A 37．E 38．G 39．B 40．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了对抗暴风雨的新方法——漂浮房屋。
36．下文“rising alng with the water and ging back t its riginal psitin after the rain stpped. (随着水的上升，雨停后又回到原来的位置。)”，及第二段开头“A flating huse can be cnstructed n any shreline and is able t deal with rising seas by remaining n the tp f the water’s surface. (浮动房屋可以在任何海岸线上建造，并且能够通过留在水面顶部来应对海平面上升。)”可知，在暴雨来临时人们就登上了浮动房屋，雨停后就会回到原来的位置。A项“They then barded their flating huses (然后他们登上了他们的浮动房屋)”与上下文一致。故选A。
37．根据下文“flating hmes are fixed t the shre and are usually cnnected t the lcal sewer (污水管道) system and pwer grid.(漂浮房屋固定在岸边，通常连接到当地的下水道系统和电网。)”和“They are structurally similar t huses built n land. (它们在结构上类似于在陆地上建造的房屋。)可知，此处讲述漂浮房屋的建立，下文用陆地房屋与漂浮房屋进行比较，E项“Unlike husebat which can easily be mved and relcated (不像可以很容易地移动和重新安置的的游艇)”符合语境，说明了漂浮房屋与游艇不一样，需要固定在岸边，不移动和重新安置。故选E。
38．根据下文“Siti Belen, the Schnschip resident, says that when she first mved in, strmy weather made her think twice. “Yu feel it in yur stmach,” she says, adding that she has gtten used t the feeling. (Schnschip居民Siti Belen说，当她第一次搬进来时，暴风雨的天气让她三思。“你感受到你的胃在翻腾，”她说，并补充说她已经习惯了这种感觉。)”可知，居民Siti Belen对于暴风雨天气起初很紧张，后来逐渐习惯，因此推断空处应是讲述暴风雨中的情况，G项“Severe wind and rain, r even the passing ships, can rck the buildings (狂风暴雨，甚至是过往的船只，都会撼动建筑物)”符合上下文，故选G。
39．根据上文“Flating hmes als require extra infrastructure and wrk t cnnect t the electricity grid and sewer system. (漂浮房屋还需要额外的基础设施和工作来连接到电网和下水道系统。)可知，浮动房屋的建造需要额外基础设施的建立和额外的工作，因此需要资金投入，结合下文““If there are flds, it’s expected that many peple will mve t higher grund. But the alternative is t stay clse t castal cities and explre expansin nt the water,” says Rutger de Graaf. (“如果发生洪水，预计许多人将搬到更高的地方。但一种选择是留在沿海的城市，探索向水上扩张”Rutger de Graaf说。)”可知，如果发生洪水，人们会搬到高处，但是也可以选择探索向水上扩张，因此推断虽然浮动房屋的建造会需要大量开支，但是如果发生洪水，浮动房屋的会有益处，因此推断带来的收益可能大于开支，B项“But the benefits may utweigh the csts(浮动房屋的收益可能大于开支)”符合语境，承上启下。故选B。
40．根据下文“That’s unavidable merely half a century away. We need t start nw t increase the scale f flating develpments. (这在半个世纪之后是不可避免的。我们需要从现在开始，扩大浮动开发的规模。)”可知，that指代上文提到的事情，空处应是讲述不可避免的事情，承接上文浮动房屋是为了应对洪水爆发，海平面上升，因此推断不可避免的事情是指发生洪水，海平面上升，人们会流离失所，F项“Hundreds f millins f peple will be displaced by sea level rise(数亿人将因海平面上升而流离失所)”符合语境，下文倡导现在就需要开始漂浮房屋的研发。故选F。
9.（2023年山东师范大学附属中学高三6月试题）
The pwer f psitive thinking
Is yur glass f milk half-full r half-empty? 41 D they fcus n the psitives (a half-full glass) r the negatives (a half-empty ne)? Thinking psitively, with a belief that mst things will turn ut well, is called ptimism — and it’s knwn t bst yur well-being. The gd news is that everybdy can learn t think mre psitively.
42
Research shws that peple wh are ptimistic and think psitively tend t experience less stress and cpe well when faced with life’s challenges. Peple wh are mre pessimistic (expect that the wrst will happen) may find it hard t believe that these challenges will pass.
Wrrying is like a fire alarm.
Everybdy can wrry frm time t time. Wrrying can help t keep yu safe — if yu were never wrried and were verly psitive abut hw things wuld turn ut, yu wuldn’t recgnize risks. “ 43 It’s like a fire alarm,” says child psychtherapist Rachel Melville-Thmas. “The truble is that smetimes it ges ff when there isn’t a huge danger t face.” When this happens, yu can feel anxius and hpeless abut what lies ahead.
Learn t think psitively.
Optimism is shaped by yur genes which carry characteristics inherited frm yur parents and by what happens t yu. 44 Research has shwn that it can help t draw r write an utcme that’s psitive-fr example, an image f yu playing guitar, having passed yur next grade. 45
A．Yur genes will in turn help btain it.
B．This questin makes yu lst in thught.
C．Why is thinking psitively gd fr yu?
D．Imagining this can mtivate yu t wrk t achieve it.
E．Wrrying is ur brain warning us f smething threatening.
F．Hwever, whatever yur starting pint is, everyne can learn it.
G．This saying is ften used t test peple’s utlk in a situatin.
【答案】41．G 42．C 43．E 44．F 45．D
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了积极的思考带来的好处，以及怎么样学会积极的思考。
41．根据前文“Is yur glass f milk half-full r half-empty?(你的牛奶是半满的还是半空的?)”以及后文“D they fcus n the psitives (a half-full glass) r the negatives (a half-empty ne)?(他们关注的是积极的一面(半满的杯子)还是消极的一面(半空的杯子)?)”可知，空处应是对前一句的解释，前句是做什么用的，所以G项“This saying is ften used t test peple’s utlk in a situatin.(这句话经常被用来测试人们在某种情况下的看法)”符合文意，其中This saying指代前文那句话。故选G项。
42．分析设空，可知是本段的小标题，是对本段的概括，根据下文“Research shws that peple wh are ptimistic and think psitively tend t experience less stress and cpe well when faced with life’s challenges. Peple wh are mre pessimistic (expect that the wrst will happen) may find it hard t believe that these challenges will pass.(研究表明，乐观和积极思考的人在面对生活挑战时往往会经历更少的压力，并能很好地应对。更悲观的人(认为最坏的事情会发生)可能很难相信这些挑战会过去)”可知，本段主要讲述了，乐观和积极思考的好处，所以C项“Why is thinking psitively gd fr yu?(为什么积极思考对你有好处?)”符合文意。故选C项。
43．根据前文“Everybdy can wrry frm time t time. Wrrying can help t keep yu safe—if yu were never wrried and were verly psitive abut hw things wuld turn ut, yu wuldn’t recgnize risks.(每个人都会时不时地担心。担心可以帮助你保持安全——如果你从不担心，对事情的结果过于乐观，你就不会意识到风险)”可知，本段主要讲述了担心的好处，在根据本段小标题“Wrrying is like a fire alarm.(忧虑就像火警)”，可知E项“Wrrying is ur brain warning us f smething threatening.(担心是我们的大脑警告我们有危险。)”符合本段主题，其中Wrrying为同词复现。故选E项。
44．根据前文“Optimism is shaped by yur genes, which carry characteristics inherited frm yur parents, and by what happens t yu.(乐观是由你的基因塑造的，它带有从你父母那里遗传来的特征，也由你身上发生的事情决定)”以及后文“Research has shwn that it can help t draw r write an utcme that’s psitive —fr example, an image f yu playing guitar, having passed yur next grade. (研究表明，画或写一个积极的结果会有所帮助——例如，你弹吉他的画面，已经通过了下一个等级)”可知，F项“Hwever, whatever yur starting pint is, everyne can learn it.(然而，无论你的出发点是什么，每个人都可以学习它)”和前文构成转折关系，且和后文构成顺承关系。故选F项。
45．分析设空，谓语段尾，应是对前文的总结，所以根据前文“Research has shwn that it can help t draw r write an utcme that’s psitive-fr example, an image f yu playing guitar, having passed yur next grade.(研究表明，画或写一个积极的结果是有帮助的——比如，你弹吉他的画面，通过了下一个等级)”可知，前文讲述想象积极的结果是有帮助的，所以D项“Imagining this can mtivate yu t wrk t achieve it.(想象这个可以激励你致力于去实现它)”符合文意，是对前文的总结。故选D项。
10.（2023届山东省实验中学高三二模英语试题）
I’ve been living in Spain fr decades and I securely guarantee that I have a talent in figuring ut the cl hidden lcal spts. As a freigner, I culdn’t care less abut ding the turisty things r enjying fancy cuisine. 46 S I always attempt t find smething that’s appealing and fun yet represents the lcal culture, and that ffers an interactin with the lcals.
My reputatin fr ding this has grwn. 47 Since I am smewhat fluent in Spanish, I culd charge peple fr this and becme smewhat f an fficial tur guide. I chse nt t thugh, because t me, the mst imprtant thing is making sure the turist, wh already spent a lt f time and mney getting t where I am, has the fun and cultural experience they culd pssibly have. 48 In that case, turists can explre the lcal culture further at the lwest cst. They culd therwise spend a significant sum f mney n a guided tur that keeps them cmfrtable but separated frm the culture. I chse t give them an experience that’s deeper and pens their mind, all fr free.
49 When smene is visiting yur area, dn’t just take them t the turisty spts. Shw them the places that mean smething t yu. Shw them yur heart thrugh the places that yu shw them and the experience yu give them. There’s smething gd in almst every twn ut there. If yu dn’t have any spts in yur area that yu like, learn t find the gd in the place yu live. If yu find the gd in where yu live, yu will als find the gd in yurself. It’s a time that bth yu and the turist will prbably never btain again. 50
A．Everyne can d the same.
B．I culd hardly have imagined it wuld happen.
C．It culd als help me create a lifelng cnnectin with them.
D．What’s mst crucial is experiencing the genuine cuntry and culture.
E．I knw better than turists themselves what they are eager t experience.
F．Dn’t rush the experience, thrughly enjy every mment with that persn.
G．I’m being asked frequently t ffer peple turs, bth t friends and strangers.
【答案】46．D 47．G 48．C 49．A 50．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是作者作为一位生活在西班牙的外国人，建议人们带游客体验一下当地一些吸引人的、有趣又能代表当地文化的地方。
46．根据空后“S I always attempt t find smething that’s appealing and fun yet represents the lcal culture, and that ffers an interactin with the lcals.(所以我总是试图找到一些既吸引人又有趣的东西，同时又能代表当地文化，并提供与当地人互动的机会)”中的s可知，此空处讲述的内容与空后内容为因果关系，D选项“What’s mst crucial is experiencing the genuine cuntry and culture.(最重要的是体验真正的国家和文化)”中的experiencing the genuine cuntry and culture与空后内容相关，都与体验当地文化相关，且与空后内容为因果关系。故选D项。
47．根据空后的“Since I am smewhat fluent in Spanish, I culd charge peple fr this and becme smewhat f an fficial tur guide.(因为我的西班牙语说得比较流利，所以我可以向人们收取费用，这样我就可以成为一名正式导游)”可知，此处讲述的是作者因西班牙语说的很流利而成为正式的导游，G选项“I’m being asked frequently t ffer peple turs, bth t friends and strangers.(我经常被要求提供人们提供旅游，既有朋友也有陌生人)”讲述的内容与作者作导游相关。故选G项。
48．根据空前的“I chse nt t thugh, because t me, the mst imprtant thing is making sure the turist, wh already spent a lt f time and mney getting t where I am, has the fun and cultural experience they culd pssibly have.(但我选择不这么做，因为对我来说，最重要的是确保那些已经花了很多时间和金钱来到我所在的地方的游客，能尽可能地享受到乐趣和文化体验)”可知，作者认为最重要的是确保游客体验到该有的乐趣和文化体验，结合空后“In that case, turists can explre the lcal culture further at the lwest cst.(在这种情况下,游客们可以以最低的成本进一步研究当地文化)”可知，那样的话，游客就能以最低的价格体验当地文化，由其中的in that case可推断，此空处是使游客能以最低的价格体验当地文化的方式，C选项“It culd als help me create a lifelng cnnectin with them.(它还可以帮我与他们创建一个终身关系)”中的them与空前的they指代一致，且与空后的in that case指代内容相关。故先C项。
49．分析语篇可知，此空处为本段的主题，根据空后的“When smene is visiting yur area, dn’t just take them t the turisty spts. Shw them the places that mean smething t yu. Shw them yur heart thrugh the places that yu shw them and the experience yu give them.(当有人来你的地区旅游时，不要只带他们去旅游景点。带他们去那些对你有意义的地方。通过你带他们去的地方和你给他们的经历，向他们展示你的心)”可知，本段讲述的是有人去你所在的地区，不要带他们去景点，你可以带他们去你觉得有意义的地方，结合上一段中讲述的作者带他游客去他所在地区体验当地文化可知，该段讲述的与上文作者的做法一样，A选项“Everyne can d the same.(每个人都可以做同样的事情)”概括了本段的内容，且起到了承上启下的作用。故选A项。
50．根据空前的“It’s a time that bth yu and the turist will prbably never btain again.(这是一个你和游客可能永远不会再获得的时刻)”可知，此处讲述的是这是与游客很可能永远不会获得的时间，F选项“Dn’t rush the experience, thrughly enjy every mment with that persn.(不要匆忙的体验，彻底享受和那人在一起的每一刻)”中的“enjy every mment with that persn.”与空前的内容吻合，其中的that persn与空前的the turist指代一致。故选F项。
11.（2023年安徽省安庆市一中三模英语试题）
If yu have ever had truble persuading yurself t d things yu shuld d r wuld like t d, yu have experienced prcrastinatin. If yu are a typical prcrastinatr, perhaps yu spend an excessive amunt f time watching TV, playing vide games checking Facebk eating (even when yu’re nt hungry), bsessively cleaning r pacing back and frth thrugh the ffice. 51 Once again, yu end up ding nthing. Sund familiar?
Lazy peple dn’t d anything and are just fine with it. 52 . They truly want t fulfil their bligatins but just can’t figure ut hw.
53 . Relaxing recharges yu with energy. In cntrast, prcrastinating drains it frm yu. The less energy yu have, the greater the chances f yu putting ff yur respnsibilities, and, nce mre, yu will accmplish nthing.
The studies n prcrastinatin ever cnducted indicates that failure f the ability t listen t urselves is mst likely the main reasn why we put things ff. The scientific name f this ability is self-regulatin. Self-regulatin is the ability t cnsciusly cntrl yur emtins. 54 Thanks t this, yu will prcrastinate less. Current research indicates that willpwer can be cmpared t a muscle. It is pssible t strengthen it thrugh training.
T vercme prcrastinatin, yu need t start by setting the bar as lw as pssible. Creating habits isn’t abut quantity; it’s abut small steps and regular repetitin. By making gradual increases nce yu learn a new habit, yu can strengthen yur willpwer muscle. As yu slwly raise the bar, yur willpwer will gain strength. 55 .
A．Dn’t cnfuse prcrastinatin with relaxatin, either.
B．The mre pwerful it is the easier it will be fr yu t make a breakthrugh.
C．Afterwards, yu feel pwerless and are vercme with feelings f guilt and frustratin.
D．If yu train willpwer t perfrm ne activity, yu can use its strength t d ther things as well.
E．Prcrastinatrs, hwever, have the desire t actually d smething but can’t frce themselves t start.
F．Learning hw t develp gd habits and kick bad nes can be achieved by taking small steps.
G．The mre develped this ability is, the mre ften yu will d what yu tell yurself t d and the better yu will resist temptatin.
【答案】51．C 52．E 53．A 54．G 55．B
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了拖延症的症状，和产生原因是和自我调节能力有关，以及解决办法。
51．根据前文“If yu are a typical prcrastinatr, perhaps yu spend an excessive amunt f time watching TV, playing vide games checking Facebk eating (even when yu’re nt hungry), bsessively cleaning r pacing back and frth thrugh the ffice.(如果你是一个典型的拖延症患者，也许你花了太多的时间看电视、玩电子游戏、上Facebk、吃东西(即使你不饿)、强迫性地打扫卫生或在办公室里来回踱步)”可知，空处应是这么做的后果，所以C项“Afterwards, yu feel pwerless and are vercme with feelings f guilt and frustratin.(之后，你感到无能为力，并被内疚和挫败感所征服)”符合文意。故选C项。
52．根据前文“Lazy peple dn’t d anything and are just fine with it.(懒惰的人什么都不做，而且觉得很好)”以及后文“They truly want t fulfil their bligatins but just can’t figure ut hw.(他们真的很想履行自己的义务，只是不知道该怎么做)”可知，空处应是过渡句，由讲述懒惰的人到有拖延症的人，并指出二者的区别，所以E项“Prcrastinatrs, hwever, have the desire t actually d smething but can’t frce themselves t start.(然而，拖延者有真正想做某事的愿望，但不能强迫自己开始)”符合文意。故先E项。
53．分析设空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Relaxing recharges yu with energy. In cntrast, prcrastinating drains it frm yu. The less energy yu have, the greater the chances f yu putting ff yur respnsibilities, and, nce mre, yu will accmplish nthing.(放松能让你重新充满能量。相反，拖延症会耗尽你的精力。你的精力越少，你就越有可能拖延你的责任，然后，再一次，你将一事无成)”可知，本段是讲放松和拖延症的区别，所以A项“Dn’t cnfuse prcrastinatin with relaxatin, either.(也不要把拖延和放松混为一谈)”符合文意。故选A项。
54．根据前文“The studies n prcrastinatin ever cnducted indicates that failure f the ability t listen t urselves is mst likely the main reasn why we put things ff. The scientific name f this ability is self-regulatin. Self-regulatin is the ability t cnsciusly cntrl yur emtins.(关于拖延症的研究表明，无法倾听自己的能力很可能是我们做事拖延的主要原因。这种能力的学名是自我调节。自我调节是有意识地控制自己情绪的能力)”可知，本段是在讲述自我调节能力差是我们做事拖延的主要原因，所以G项“The mre develped this ability is, the mre ften yu will d what yu tell yurself t d and the better yu will resist temptatin.(这种能力越强，你就会越经常地去做你告诉自己要做的事情，你就能更好地抵制诱惑)”是对自我调节能力的进一步描述，符合本段主题。故选G项。
55．分析设空，空处位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“T vercme prcrastinatin, yu need t start by setting the bar as lw as pssible. Creating habits isn’t abut quantity; it’s abut small steps and regular repetitin. By making gradual increases nce yu learn a new habit, yu can strengthen yur willpwer muscle. As yu slwly raise the bar, yur willpwer will gain strength.(为了克服拖延症，你需要从设定尽可能低的标准开始。养成习惯与数量无关；这是关于小步骤和定期重复。一旦你学会了一个新习惯，通过逐渐增加，你可以增强你的意志力。当你慢慢提高杆时，你的意志力就会增强)”可知，B项“The mre pwerful it is the easier it will be fr yu t make a breakthrugh.(它越强大，你就越容易取得突破)”符合文意，是对前文的总结，it代指前文的意志力。故选B项。
12.（2023届安徽省皖江联盟高三联考试卷）
Every day, a sea f decisins stretches befre us. It’s impssible t make a perfect chice every time. But there is ne particularly effective technique t imprve ur chances: critical thinking.
Prepare yur questin.
56 Fr example, if yu’re wndering whether t g fr fitness, there are many factrs that will clud yur reasns. But, if yu knw clearly what yu can get by bdy-shaping, that’ll help yu decide whether it really suits yur needs.
Gather yur infrmatin.
There’s lts f it ut there, s having a clear idea f yur questin will help yu determine what’s relevant. If yu’re trying t decide n a diet t imprve yur nutritin, yu may ask an expert fr their advice, r seek ther peple’s pinins. 57
Cnsider the implicatins.
Imagine yu’ve chsen a business based n his prmise t make t cheaper fr drivers t fill upn gas. At first glance, that seems great. 58 If gasline use is less restricted by cst, this culd als cause a huge surge in air pllutin—an unintended cnsequence that’s imprtant t think abut.
59
Ask yurself why s many peple are drawn t cuntless travel trips r destinatins. Even if yu disagree with everything that travel agencies say, explring the viewpints might explain why sme rutes that dn’t seem valid t yu appeal t thers. This will a lw yu t explre alternatives, evaluate yur wn chices, and ultimately help yu make mre infrmed decisins.
This abve prcess is just ne tl, and it certainly wn’t remve difficult decisins frm ur lives. 60 And, if enugh f us use it, it has the pwer t make the wrld a mre reasnable place.
A．Explre ther pints f view.
B．Apply the infrmatin cllected.
C．In ther wrds, get t knw what yu’re lking fr.
D．Then what abut the lng-term envirnmental effects?
E．But it can help us increase the number f psitive chices we make.
F．Therefre, ask yurself abut what interests yu mst and what is needed.
G．It helps yu weigh different ptins, mving yu clser t a wiser decisin.
【答案】56．C 57．G 58．D 59．A 60．E
【导语】本文是说明文。主要讲述了人们面临着无数的抉择，具备了批判性思维，可以提高我们做出完美抉择的机会。
56．上文小标题“Prepare yur questin(准备你的问题)”可知是要准备问题。空处位于句首，结合下文“But, if yu knw clearly what yu can get by bdy-shaping, that’ll help yu decide whether it really suits yur needs.(但是，如果你清楚地知道你可以通过塑身得到什么，这将有助于你决定它是否真的适合你的需要。)”可知，通过提出的问题来确定塑身是否真的适合自身需求。C选项“In ther wrds, get t knw what yu’re lking fr.(换句话说，知道你所追求的东西。)”与下文承接，用问题判断是否是自己想要的，故选C项。
57．上文“If yu’re trying t decide n a diet t imprve yur nutritin, yu may ask an expert fr their advice, r seek ther peple’s pinins.(如果你正试图决定饮食来改善你的营养，你可以向专家征求他们的建议，或者寻求其他人的意见。)”可知，要收集建议。G项“It helps yu weigh different ptins, mving yu clser t a wiser decisin. (它帮助你衡量不同的选择，让你更明智地做出决定。)”中it指代上文中的“ask an expert fr their advice, r seek ther peple’s pinins”，故选G项。
58．根据小标题以及文中举出的司机加油便宜的例子，结合下文“If gasline use is less restricted by cst, this culd als cause a huge surge in air pllutin—an unintended cnsequence that’s imprtant t think abut.(如果汽油的使用不那么受成本的限制，这也可能导致空气污染的急剧增加——这是一个值得考虑的意想不到的后果。)”可知，这与D项“Then what abut the lng-term envirnmental effects?(那么长期的环境影响又如何呢？)” 中的envirnmental effects相一致，故选D项。
59．该题是标题选择。结合下文“Even if yu disagree with everything that travel agencies say, explring the viewpints might explain why sme rutes that dn’t seem valid t yu appeal t thers.(即使你不同意旅行社所说的一切，探索这些观点也可能解释为什么一些对你来说似乎无效的路线会吸引其他人。)”可知，要去探索他人的观点。这与选项A项“Explre ther pints f view (探索他人的观点)”相一致，故选A项。
60．结合上文“This abve prcess is just ne tl, and it certainly wn’t remve difficult decisins frm ur lives.(上述过程只是一个工具，它肯定不会从我们的生活中消除困难的决定。)”可知，这些方法并不能消除我们生活中的困难，E项“But it can help us increase the number f psitive chices we make.(但它可以帮助我们增加做出积极选择的次数。)”与上文形成转折关系，又承接下文，故选E项。
13.（2023年浙江省四校（杭州二中、温州中学、绍兴一中、金华一中）高三联考）
As much as 80 percent f premature heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle chices. 61 But thers may nt have crssed yur mind. “A small change in yur everyday rutine can ptentially have a big impact in the lng run,” says preventive cardilgist Dr. Beth Abramsn.
●Get eight hurs f sleep.
“When yu're nt rested, everything that happens in yur life is a lt mre stressful,” says Dr. Arya Sharma, a prfessr f medicine at the University f Alberta. If we're sleep deprived, ur bdies als have mre difficulty cntrlling bld pressure, inflammatin and glucse levels. 62
● 63
Ding gd fr thers helps yur self-esteem and relieves stress. Research published in Psychsmatic Medicine in 2016 shwed that a feeling f purpse in life is linked t a lwer likelihd f heart attack and strke. “We knw that lneliness is a risk factr fr heart health,” adds Sharma. “Vlunteering gets yu ut f the huse and creates a scial netwrk.”
●Avid plluted air.
Expsure t this kind f pllutin ver time raises yur risk f heart disease. Inhaling cntaminants frmed frm chemicals like Sulphur (硫) dixide, carbn and nitrgen xides may irritate arteries (动脉) and increase inflammatin. 64 Try t get yur utdr exercise far away frm highways and industrial districts, and spend mre time indrs when the air quality index is pr.
●Eat breakfast.
A recent study in the Jurnal f the American Cllege f Cardilgy fund that healthy peple wh skipped breakfast were almst three times mre likely t have heart disease six years later than thse wh partk in a substantial mrning meal. Accrding t Abramsn, yu need t eat a balanced diet as part f a healthy lifestyle. 65 If yu're eating a prper breakfast, yu’re less likely t be hungry later and make pr fd chices.
A．Be scial and utging.
B．Engage in vluntary wrk.
C．There are physilgical effects f this cnditin n the bdy.
D．These factrs can all have an impact n cardivascular (心血管的) health.
E．Chse whle-grain, lw-fat breakfast fds and include fruit.
F．Sme strategies, such as exercising and managing weight, are well knwn.
G．Even shrt perids f expsure are unhealthy fr peple with ther health risks.
【答案】61．F 62．D 63．B 64．G 65．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何预防心脏病提出了一些建议。
61．根据上文“As much as 80 percent f premature heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle chices. (多达80%的早发心脏病是可以通过选择特定的生活方式来预防的)”可知，本句主要是在特定生活方式进行举例：锻炼和控制体重，故F选项“有些策略，如锻炼和控制体重，是众所周知的”符合语境，故选F。
62．根据上文““When yu're nt rested, everything that happens in yur life is a lt mre stressful,” says Dr. Arya Sharma, a prfessr f medicine at the University f Alberta. If we're sleep deprived, ur bdies als have mre difficulty cntrlling bld pressure, inflammatin and glucse levels. (阿尔伯塔大学(University f Alberta)医学教授Arya Sharma博士说：“当你没有休息好时，生活中发生的每件事都会给你带来更多压力。”如果我们睡眠不足，我们的身体也会更难控制血压、炎症和血糖水平)”可知，上文提到了血压、炎症和血糖水平，本句为本段最后一句，应说明这些因素对心血管的影响。故D选项“这些因素都会影响心血管健康”符合语境，故选D。
63．根据本段内容“Ding gd fr thers helps yur self-esteem and relieves stress. Research published in Psychsmatic Medicine in 2016 shwed that a feeling f purpse in life is linked t a lwer likelihd f heart attack and strke. “We knw that lneliness is a risk factr fr heart health,” adds Sharma. “Vlunteering gets yu ut f the huse and creates a scial netwrk.” (为别人做好事有助于你的自尊和缓解压力。2016年发表在《身心医学》上的一项研究表明，生活中的目标感与心脏病发作和中风的可能性较低有关。“我们知道孤独是心脏健康的一个风险因素，”夏尔马补充说。“志愿活动可以让你走出家门，建立一个社交网络。”)”可知，本段的主旨是从事志愿活动，可以有助于你的自尊和缓解压力。故B选项“从事志愿工作”符合语境，故选B。
64．根据上文“Expsure t this kind f pllutin ver time raises yur risk f heart disease. Inhaling cntaminants frmed frm chemicals like Sulphur (硫) dixide, carbn and nitrgen xides may irritate arteries (动脉) and increase inflammatin. (长期暴露在这种污染中会增加患心脏病的风险。吸入由二氧化硫、碳和氮氧化物等化学物质形成的污染物可能会刺激动脉并增加炎症)”以及后文“Try t get yur utdr exercise far away frm highways and industrial districts, and spend mre time indrs when the air quality index is pr. (尽量远离高速公路和工业区进行户外锻炼，在空气质量指数较差的时候多呆在室内)”可知，上文提到了污染对身体的危害，本句进一步进行补充说明：即使是短时间的接触对有其他健康风险的人来说也是不健康的。故G选项“即使是短时间的接触对有其他健康风险的人来说也是不健康的”符合语境，故选G。
65．根据后文“If yu’re eating a prper breakfast, yu’re less likely t be hungry later and make pr fd chices. (如果你吃了一顿合适的早餐，你就不太可能在之后感到饥饿，也不太可能做出糟糕的食物选择)”可知，本句主要针对早餐吃的食物进行建议。故E选项“选择全麦、低脂的早餐食物，包括水果”符合语境，故选E。
14.（2023年北京市首都师范大学附属中学高三质检试题）
Children lve getting dirty. 66 But getting muddy culd have a pwerful effect n their wellbeing, t.
“Dn’t get dirty!” was nce a cnstant family warning, as parents despairingly watched their children spil their best clthes. Whether they were running thrugh farmers’ fields, climbing trees r catching tadples, it was inevitable that children’s whites wuld turn brwn befre the day was ver.
Tday, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance t pick up a bit f dirt. With the rise f urbanism, and the temptatin f vide games and scial media, cntact with nature is much rarer than in the past. 67
What is gained in laundry bills may be lst in the child’s wellbeing. Accrding t recent research, the dirt utside is teaming with friendly micrrganisms. 68
Many f the psychlgical benefits f utdr play are already well established. Natural scenes prvide the perfect level f stimulatin, which is thught t help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily distractible. Supprting this thery, ne study frm 2009 fund that children with ADHD (多动症) were better able t cncentrate fllwing a 20-minute walk in the park, cmpared t a 20-minute walk n the streets f a well-kept urban area. 69 The authrs recmmended using such “dses f nature” as a safe and accessible way f supprting children with ADHD, alngside ther tls.
70 Fr example, the act f mudding and kneading materials like mud r sand can help children develp the way their senses and mvement interact, knwn as sensrimtr develpment. This allws the child t gradually understand his r her bdily signals.
A．Fr many, there is simply n pprtunity t get muddy.
B．Being clse t grass and trees seemed t have had a beneficial effect n their minds.
C．Besides these restrative effects, utdr play can ffer valuable learning experiences.
D．They are drawn t puddles like muddy magnets, with n regard fr ftwear r the clr f their clthing.
E．As fr the child’s physical health, the mst bvius advantage f utdr play may be the exercise.
F．Peple wh grw up n farms are less likely t develp asthma, allergies, r aut-immune disrders.
G．They can train the immune system and build resilience t a range f illnesses, including allergies and asthma.
【答案】66．D 67．A 68．G 69．B 70．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了孩子们在户外玩耍、接触大自然的重要性，并且指出这样做对孩子们的身心健康及成长有着积极的影响，特别是在现代城市化的生活和环境背景下，更应该注意让孩子们参与户外活动，乐享大自然。
66．根据前文“Children lve getting dirty.(孩子们喜欢弄脏。)”结合下文“But”可知与空处转折，D项“They are drawn t puddles like muddy magnets, with n regard fr ftwear r the clr f their clthing.(他们像泥泞的磁铁一样被水坑吸引，而不考虑鞋子或衣服的颜色。)”与上下文一致，表明小孩们非常喜欢玩泥巴，不会顾及自己的衣服和鞋子会被弄脏，这突显出小孩们对于在室外玩耍的渴望，D项“他们被像泥泞的磁铁一样的水坑吸引，完全不考虑鞋子和衣服的颜色。”符合，故选D项。
67．根据前文“Tday, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance t pick up a bit f dirt. With the rise f urbanism, and the temptatin f vide games and scial media, cntact with nature is much rarer than in the past. (今天，许多父母可能暗暗希望他们的孩子有机会捡起一点泥土。随着城市化的兴起，以及电子游戏和社交媒体的诱惑，与大自然的接触比过去少得多。)”可知现代的城市生活方式和娱乐活动可能与大自然的接触缺乏，导致了小孩们越来越难以有机会和时间去在户外玩耍，与A项“Fr many, there is simply n pprtunity t get muddy. (对于许多人来说，根本没有机会变得泥泞。)”与上下文一致，故选A项。
68．根据前文“Accrding t recent research, the dirt utside is teaming with friendly micrrganisms. (根据最近的研究，外面的污垢正在与友好的微生物合作。)”可知，空处会提到微生物的作用，与G项“They can train the immune system and build resilience t a range f illnesses, including allergies and asthma. (它们可以训练免疫系统并建立对一系列疾病的适应力，包括过敏和哮喘。)”上下文一致，在泥土或者大自然里面玩耍也会帮助小孩的免疫系统去建立对很多疾病的的抵抗能力和适应性，包括过敏和哮喘等疾病。故选G项。
69．根据上文“Supprting this thery, ne study frm 2009 fund that children with ADHD (多动症) were better able t cncentrate fllwing a 20-minute walk in the park, cmpared t a 20-minute walk n the streets f a well-kept urban area.(支持这一理论，2009年的一项研究发现，与在保存完好的城市地区的街道上步行20分钟相比，患有多动症的儿童在公园散步20分钟后能够更好地集中注意力。)”可知，大自然场景对小孩的精神和认知发展会有很好的刺激和帮助，与B项“Being clse t grass and trees seemed t have had a beneficial effect n their minds. (靠近草木似乎对他们的思想产生了有益的影响。)”与上下文一致，故选B项。
70．根据下文“Fr example, the act f mudding and kneading materials like mud r sand can help children develp the way their senses and mvement interact, knwn as sensrimtr develpment. This allws the child t gradually understand his r her bdily signals. (例如，泥浆和揉捏泥或沙子等材料的行为可以帮助儿童发展他们的感官和运动相互作用的方式，称为感觉运动发展。这使孩子逐渐理解他或她的身体信号。)”可知本段主要讲述了户外玩耍可以帮助孩子们感觉运动发展，使他们理解他或她的身体信号，这是一种学习经验，与C项“Besides these restrative effects, utdr play can ffer valuable learning experiences.(除了这些恢复效果外，户外游戏还可以提供宝贵的学习经验。)”上下文一致，故选C项。
15.（2023年江苏省扬州市高三调研试题）
Nwadays, many f us are finding urselves tired ut, struggling t build balance back int ur lives. 71 Spending time near ceans, lakes, rivers and ther bule spaces can prvide a range f benefits including reducing anxiety, easing mental tiredness and refreshing us. Here is sme advice n hw t take advantage f the healing pwer f water.
72 Yu likely have sme water clse by, even if it is just a pnd alngside the rad. Start there. Then get ut t water yu can visit n the weekend r a vacatin. Urban water cunts—rivers, canals and funtains. 73 If yu can’t get t actual water, then paintings, phtgraphs, vides and mvies can prduce sme f the same benefits. Even virtual reality helps.
G ften. A little bit makes a big difference. 74 But an envirnmental psychlgist fund that spending a similar amunt f time near water has the same benefits. Even peple wh lk int aquariums(水族箱) have lwer heart rates and better mds after just 15 minutes.
Listen. One f the mst calming characteristics f water is its sund, typically steady and sft. The water sunds peple find having the strngest healing pwer are rain in a rainfrest, waves patting a beach, and a running stream. When the sunds f living things are added t the sunds f water, peple like them even better. Make an audi recrding f yur favrite water. 75
A．Remember that all water cunts.
B．It will bring back happy memries.
C．Stay in a place surrunded by water.
D．Accrding t researchers, water can help us.
E．S des dmestic water-in pls, bathtubs, even by fish tanks.
F．Spending sme time every day near water can speed up ur recvery.
G．It takes at least tw hurs a week in nature t imprve ur well-being.
【答案】71．D 72．A 73．E 74．G 75．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一些关于如何利用水的治疗力量的建议
71．根据空前的“Nwadays, many f us are finding urselves tired ut, struggling t build balance back int ur lives.(如今，我们中的许多人都发现自己疲惫不堪，努力恢复生活的平衡)”可知，当前，很多人处于疲惫状态，在努力地建立生活中的平衡，根据空后的“Spending time near ceans, lakes, rivers and ther bule spaces can prvide a range f benefits including reducing anxiety, easing mental tiredness and refreshing us.(在海洋、湖泊、河流和其他蓝色空间附近度过一段时间可以带来一系列好处，包括减少焦虑、缓解精神疲劳和让我们精神焕发)”可知，与水相关的环境在一起一段时间会有很大帮助，由此可推断，此空处应是承上启下的作用，指出水可以帮助我们缓解疲惫。D选项“Accrding t researchers, water can help us.(据研究人员称，水可以帮助我们)”符合题意。故选D项。
72．根据分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，应为祈使句，根据空后的“Yu likely have sme water clse by, even if it is just a pnd alngside the rad. Start there. Then get ut t water yu can visit n the weekend r a vacatin. Urban water cunts—rivers, canals and funtains.(你附近可能有一些水，即使它只是路边的一个池塘。从这里开始。然后到你可以在周末或假期参观的水里去。城市用水——河流、运河和喷泉)”可知，该段讲述的只要是有水的地方就可以，无论是哪里的水，A选项“Remember that all water cunts.(记住，所有的水都可以)”符合题意，概括了本段的主题。故选A项。
73．根据上题分析的内容，本段讲述的是无论哪里的水都很重要，由此可知，此空处讲述的内容与此相关，根据空前的“Then get ut t water yu can visit n the weekend r a vacatin. Urban water cunts—rivers, canals and funtains.(然后到你可以在周末或假期参观的水里去。城市用水——河流、运河和喷泉)”可知，此处讲述的是在周末时间去接触外界的水，E选项“S des dmestic water-in pls, bathtubs, even by fish tanks.(家庭水池、浴缸，甚至鱼缸也是如此)”讲述的内容是家里的水也很重要，与本段主题相符，且内容一致。故选E项。
74．根据本段主题句“G ften.”可知，该段建议人们经常接触水，与时间相关，根据空后的“But an envirnmental psychlgist fund that spending a similar amunt f time near water has the same benefits.(但一位环境心理学家发现，在水附近呆同样长的时间也有同样的好处)”可知，在水附近花费类似的时间有一样的好处，根据but可知，此空处的内容与空后内容为转折关系，G选项“It takes at least tw hurs a week in nature t imprve ur well-being.(我们每周至少要花两个小时在大自然中才能改善我们的健康)”可知，每周在大自然中待至少两个小时会改善健康，与空后的“在水边花费相似的时间”以及“起到一样的效果”意义相符。故选G项。
75．根据本段的主题句“Listen.”以及空前的“Make an audi recrding f yur favrite water.(录制您最喜欢的水的录音)”可知，本段讲述的是听水声对身体健康是有用的，空前讲述的是录制一段最喜欢的水的录音，由此可知，此空处应是这样做的效果，B选项“It will bring back happy memries.(它会带回快乐的回忆)”符合题意，承接空前内容。故选B项。
用适当的单词填空
（2023年全国乙卷）
Indr plants might lk as if they just sit arund nt ding much, but in many ways they are the unsung heres f the hme. ____36____, but studies have shwn that they can prmte peple’s wellbeing by imprving their md (心情), reducing stress and helping their memry. What’s mre, indr plants are easy t lk after and are nt very expensive.
What are indr plants?
Indr plants, als knwn as huseplants r pt plants, are plants that like t grw indrs. Many f these species (物种) are nt ideally suited t grwing utside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____37____.
Why are indr plants gd fr yu?
Will Spelstra, wh wrks at the Ryal Btanic Gardens, says, “____38____. I find during the winter mnths, plants arund the huse can really lift yur md.” Several studies have backed this up and fund that indr plants can imprve creativity, fcus and memry. There is als research shwing that pt plants can clean the air arund them by remving harmful gases, such as carbn dixide. They als remve sme harmful chemicals frm paints r cking. ____39____.
Which plants can yu grw?
Ale vera, peace lilies and spider plants are sme f the species that are easy t grw indrs. Yu can buy plants frm supermarkets, garden centres r nline. Yunger plants are ften cheaper than fully grwn nes, and yu get t care fr them as they mature — which is part f the jy f wning plants. “____40____,” Spelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and fcus int peple’s lives and help t make the link between hme and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Nt nly d they lk beautiful
C. There are many benefits t grwing plants indrs
D. Instead, they grw better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tngue are amng the best
F. Changing the pt f yur plant frm time t time will als help
G. Learning abut the requirements f each plant can be very rewarding
【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. E 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。
【36题详解】
根据下文“but studies have shwn that they can prmte peple’s wellbeing by imprving their md (心情), reducing stress and helping their memry.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成nt nly…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B. Nt nly d they lk beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Many f these species (物种) are nt ideally suited t grwing utside in the UK, especially in the winter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D. Instead, they grw better inside, where it is warmer(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。
【38题详解】
根据下文“I find during the winter mnths, plants arund the huse can really lift yur md.(我发现在冬天的几个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C. There are many benefits t grwing plants indrs(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。
【39题详解】
根据上文“There is als research shwing that pt plants can clean the air arund them by remving harmful gases, such as carbn dixide. They als remve sme harmful chemicals frm paints r cking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tngue are amng the best(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物，符合语境。故选E。
40题详解】
根据上文“Yunger plants are ften cheaper than fully grwn nes, and yu get t care fr them as they mature-which is part f the jy f wning plants.(年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时照顾它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G. Learning abut the requirements f each plant can be very rewarding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest and fcus int peple’s lives and help t make the link between hme and nature.”(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。)”具体介绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。
（2023年全国甲卷）
Tricks T Becming A Patient Persn
Here’s a riddle: n. 谜What d traffic jams, lng lines and waiting fr a vacatin t start all have in cmmn? There’s ne answer. 36 .
In the Digital Age, we’re used t having what we need immediately and right at ur fingertips. Hwever, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whle lt better ff. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic. 37 . “Shwing thankfulness can fster self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia.
● Make yurself wait
Instant gratificatin (满足) may seem like the mst “feel gd” ptin at the time, but psychlgy research suggests waiting fr things actually makes us happier in the lng run. And the nly way fr us t get int the habit f waiting is t practice. 38 . Put ff watching yur favrite shw until the weekend r wait 10 extra minutes befre ging fr that cake. Yu’ll sn find that the mre patience yu practice, the mre yu start t apply it t ther, mre annying situatins.
● 39 .
S many f us have the belief that being cmfrtabel is the nly state we will tlerate, and when we experience smething utside f ur cmfrt zne, we get impatient abut the circumstances. Yu shuld learn t say t yurself, “ 40 .” Yu’ll then gradually becme mre patient.
A．Find yur causes
B．Start with small tasks
C．Accept the uncmfrtable
D．All this adds up t a state f hurry
E．It can als help us practice mre patience
F．This is merely uncmfrtable, nt intlerable
G．They’re all situatins where we culd use a little extra patience
【答案】36．G 37．E 38．B 39．C 40．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
36．根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What d traffic jams, lng lines and waiting fr a vacatin t start all have in cmmn? There’s ne answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。
37．根据上文“Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““Shwing thankfulness can fster self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。
38．根据上文“And the nly way fr us t get int the habit f waiting is t practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put ff watching yur favrite shw until the weekend r wait 10 extra minutes befre ging fr that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。
39．根据本段内容“S many f us have the belief that being cmfrtable is the nly state we will tlerate, and when we experience smething utside f ur cmfrt zne, we get impatient abut the circumstances. (我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncmfrtable对应后文cmfrtable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。
40．根据上文“Yu shuld learn t say t yurself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“Yu’ll then gradually becme mre patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。
（2022年新高考I卷）
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasns t Thank Yur Wrkut Partner.” One reasn was: “Yu’ll actually shw up if yu knw smene is waiting fr yu at the gym, ” while anther read: “___36___” With a wrkut partner, yu will increase yur training effrt as there is a subtle (微妙) cmpetitin.
S, hw d yu find a wrkut partner?
First f all, decide what yu want frm that persn. ___37___ Or d yu just want t be physically fit, able t mve with strength and flexibility? Think abut the exercises yu wuld like t d with yur wrkut partner.
Yu might think abut psting what yu are lking fr n scial media, but it prbably wn’t result in a useful respnse. ___38___ If yu plan n wrking ut in a gym, that persn must belng t the same gym.
My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. ___39___
Yu and yur partner will prbably have different skills. ___40___ Over time, bth f yu will benefit—yur partner will be able t lift mre weights and yu will becme mre physically fit. The cre (核心) f yur relatinship is that yu will always be there t help each ther.
A. Yur first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A wrkut partner usually needs t live clse by.
C. Yu’ll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.
D. D yu want t be a better athlete in yur favrite sprt?
E. Hw can yu write a gd “seeking training partner” ntice?
F. Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther.
G. Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. G 40. F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。
36.根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasns t Thank Yur Wrkut Partner.” One reasn was: “Yu’ll actually shw up if yu knw smene is waiting fr yu at the gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”以及后文“With a wrkut partner, yu will increase yur training effrt as there is a subtle (微妙) cmpetitin. (有一个锻炼伙伴，你将会努力训练，因为你们之间有一个微妙的竞争)”可知，空处陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由，故选项应与后文是顺承关系，选项C中的“train with smene else”与后文的“With a wrkut partner”相对应，选项C“Yu’ll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力)”符合语意。故选C项。
37.根据前文“First f all, decide what yu want frm that persn. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么)”和后文“Or d yu just want t be physically fit, able t mve with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的，故空处与后文是选择关系，你要知道你锻炼是为了什么。所以选项D“D yu want t be a better athlete in yur favrite sprt? (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗?)”与后文在语意上构成选择关系。故选D项。
38.根据前文“Yu might think abut psting what yu are lking fr n scial media, but prbably wn't result in a useful respnse. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应)”和后文“If yu plan n wrking ut in a gym, that persn must belng t the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。选项B中的“live clse by”与后文的“belng t the same gym”相对应，选项B“A wrkut partner usually needs t live clse by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近)”与下文是顺承关系。故选B项。
39.根据前文“My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选项G“Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息)”是对上文内容的总结，符合语意。故选G项。
40.根据前文“Yu and yur partner will prbably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能)”和后文“Over time, bth f yu will benefit—yur partner will be able t lift mre weights and yu will becme mre physically fit. The cre (核心) f yur relatinship is that yu will always be there t help each ther. (久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。你们关系的核心是你们永远在一起互相帮助)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。选项F中的“differences”对应前文的“different skills”，选项中的“wrk with each ther”对应后文的“be there t help each ther”，故选项F“Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作)”起到承上启下的作用，符合语意。故选F项。
（2023年全国甲卷）
Imprtant Things t Knw When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise yu with sme f its imprtant rules. ___36___. Knwing sme tips will help ensure that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family — n matter where yu are in the wrld.
Chpstick Rules
The way yu handle chpsticks is imprtant t avid annying yur cmpanins. When yu put them dwn between bites, always put them dwn tgether s they are parallel with the edge f the table in frnt f yu. ___37___.
Hands r Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s cnsidered very rude t eat with yur left hand. Peple in France expect yu t eat with a utensil in each hand. ___38___, instead preferring t use their hands. In Chile, yu may never tuch any fd with yur fingers. Peple in Thailand generally use their frks nly t push fd nt their spns.
Making Requests
___39___. In Prtugal, this wuld be a serius mistake, because it shws the chef that yu dn’t like their seasning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask fr extra cheese t add t yur fd.
Sme f these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem randm and strange, but they are imprtant in varius cuntries. ___40___, the mre cmfrtable yu’ll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices.
A. The mre friends yu make in yur lifetime
B. The mre time yu spend in any given cuntry
C. Mexicans cnsider it inapprpriate t eat with utensils
D. Dn’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a gd sign fr the chef if yu make a mess arund yur plate
F. Never stick them upright in yur fd r crss them as yu use them
G. It may seem like a simple request t ask fr salt and pepper at a meal
【答案】36. D 37. F 38. C 39. G 40. B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事项。
36.根据后文“Knwing sme tips will help ensure that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family — n matter where yu are in the wrld.(知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方。)”可知，此处是指要学习一些用餐礼节以避免在用餐时犯错误，所以选项D“不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误”切合文意。故选D。
37.根据前文“When yu put them dwn between bites, always put them dwn tgether s they are parallel with the edge f the table in frnt f yu.(当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了。)”可知，此处是讲筷子的摆放方式，所以选项F“不要把它们直立在食物中，也不要在使用时交叉放置”切合文意，选项中的them指的就是本段中的chpsticks。故选F。
38.根据前文“In India and the Middle East, it’s cnsidered very rude t eat with yur left hand. Peple in France expect yu t eat with a utensil in each hand.(在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭。)”可知，此处举例说明几个地方的用餐方式，且根据后文“instead preferring t use their hands(相反更喜欢用手)”可知，此处是指不喜欢用餐具用餐，所以选项C“墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的”切合文意。故选C。
39.根据小标题“Making Requests”(提出要求)可知，此处是讲在用餐时提出要求，根据后文“In Prtugal, this wuld be a serius mistake, because it shws the chef that yu dn’t like their seasning skills. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这表明你不喜欢厨师的调味技巧。)”可知，后文中的this是指要求额外的调料，所以选项G“吃饭时要盐和胡椒似乎是一个简单的请求”切合文意。故选G。
40.根据后文“the mre cmfrtable yu’ll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices(你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可知，此处句式为“the mre...,the mre...”，且its是指“国家的”，所以此处是指在一个国家待的时间越久，选项B“你在某个国家待的时间越久”切合文意。故选B。
（2022年全国乙卷）
Friendship needs care and attentin t keep it in gd health. Here are five ways t sustain (保持) lng-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Lng-lasting friendships share the characteristic that bth sides equally cntact (联系) and share with ne anther. With busy schedules, squeezing in phne calls can be a challenge. ___36___.
·Mre isn’t always merrier
Make sure yu have cmmunicated with yur friend abut hw frequently each f yu wants t be cntacted and what methd wrks best fr yu bth. ___37___. There are alternatives t cnstant written cmmunicatin, such as leaving vice messages r having a grup chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___38___. The friend wh is remaining needs t be sensitive t all the additinal time demands placed n the friend wh has mved. The ne in the new envirnment shuld be sympathetic t the fact that yur friend may feel abandned.
· ___39___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even mre weight in lng-distance friendships. Althugh technlgy might make day-t-day cmmunicatin pssible, extra effrt ges a lng way n special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track f friends’ birthdays and ther imprtant dates will make sure nthing slips by yu.
·Dn’t rely n technlgy alne
__40___, but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain. Try t seek ut chances t renew friendships. Hw t d it? Just spend face-t-face time tgether whenever pssible.
A. Remember imprtant dates
B. Cmpensate by writing letters
C. It is als helpful fr yu t be a friendship keeper
D. Try t find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it
E. Friends need t talk abut their preferred methds f cmmunicatin
F. It is easy t have a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media
G. Yu may be the friend wh left r the ne wh was left behind
【答案】36. D 37. E 38. G 39. A 40. F
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。
36.根据上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phne calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电话）讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去” 给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D项。
37.根据上文“Make sure yu have cmmunicated with yur friend abut hw frequently each f yu wants t be cntacted and what methd wrks best fr yu bth.”（确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过，了解你们想要联系的频率，以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，E项“朋友需要谈论他们喜欢的交流方式”承接上文，进一步提出对交流的方法的沟通，下文“There are alternatives t cnstant written cmmunicatin, such as leaving vice messages r having a grup chat.”（除了持续的文字交流，还有其他选择，比如留下语音信息或进行群聊）对E项中的“methds f cmmunicatin”进行了举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
38.根据下文“The friend wh is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The ne in the new envirnment”（在新环境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend wh left”和“the ne wh was left behind”分别对应下文“The ne in the new envirnment”和“The friend wh is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。故选G项。
39.分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even mre weight in lng-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对于异地友谊而言是非常重要的）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“Remember imprtant dates”（记得重要的日子），所以A项符合题意。故选A项。
40.设空处所在句子的后半句“but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require mre cnscius effrt t sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“scial media”呼应了该段的小标题“Dn’t rely n technlgy alne”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technlgy”。故选F项。
（2022年浙江卷6月）
I have a drawer full f letters t Santa. Each year my children wuld write up their Christmas wish lists. They were plite requests fr the latest game r ty. As the children gt lder, they wuld give Santa sme hints(提示)n where t buy their presents. ____36____
Thse letters taught my children a valuable lessn abut writing: It has a purpse. Smetimes ur purpse is t achieve smething;ther times it may be t entertain, infrm, r persuade. ____37____ And when writing desn’t seem t have any purpse r get any kind f meaningful respnse, then it can be hard t get excited abut ding it.
Christmas is a great time f year fr children t cmmunicate with thers thrugh writing. When children write fr real audiences and real purpses, they can learn t chse their wrds accrdingly. ____38____ Yu write “Dear Santa” because yu dn’t knw him persnally and yu want t shw him respect.
____39____ Texting, nline messaging, live chats while playing vide games all mean that they are cnstantly prducing written messages. Hwever, because they are usually writing t family and friends, they use infrmal language mst f the time.
There is nthing wrng with this kind f writing. It suits the audience and the purpse and gets the jb dne. ____40____ This type f writing wn’t be rewarded by the schl examiner, nr by a future emplyer r a ptential client. The very best cmmunicatrs are thse wh knw hw t adjust their language t match their audience.
A．It isn’t that these yung peple can’t write.
B．But it is always purpseful-r at least it shuld be.
C．The age f pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D．As a result, each year they received smething they wanted.
E．Yu write “Hi Nanna and Pp” because yu are clse t them.
F．As technlgy develps, yung peple are writing mre than they ever have.
G．But if this is the nly kind f writing yung peple d, it will cause prblems.
【答案】36．D 37．B 38．E 39．F 40．G
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，从而论证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
36．根据空前“As the children gt lder, they wuld give Santa sme hints(提示)n where t buy their presents. (随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣诞老人提示去哪买礼物。结合选项可知，D项“As a result, each year they received smething they wanted. (结果，他们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)”为孩子们提示的结果：收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。故选D项。
37．根据空前“Smetimes ur purpse is t achieve smething;ther times t may be t entertain, infrm, r persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都是带着目的的。结合选项B“But it is always purpseful-r at least it shuld be. (但它总是有目的的——或者至少应该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的的。故选B项。
38．根据空前“When children write fr real audiences and real purpses, they can learn t chse their wrds accrdingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)”以及空后“Yu write “Dear Santa” because yu dn’t knw him persnally and yu want t shw him respect. (你写“亲爱的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之间是“理论——实践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也应为具体的实践。结合选项E“Yu write “Hi Nanna and Pp” because yu are clse t them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻辑。而且和空后结构一致。故选E项。
39．根据空后“Texting, nline messaging, live chats while playing vide games all mean that they are cnstantly prducing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面信息。 )”可知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项F“As technlgy develps, yung peple are writing mre than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意一致，符合语境。故选F项。
40．根据空前“There is nthing wrng with this kind f writing. It suits the audience and the purpse and gets the jb dne. (这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评价这种科技影响下的写作方式。结合选项G“But if this is the nly kind f writing yung peple d, it will cause prblems. (但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问题。)”可知，前后语意一致，从正反两方面评价科技带来的写作。故选G项。
（2022年北京卷）
Health and fitness help a persn live a gd and healthy life. Often due t varius pressures, we tend t ignre ur health. ____15____ It is the fitness level f ur bdy that helps us fight these diseases.
____16____ We need t be fit t have a healthy bdy. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted twards maintaining the fitness f ur bdy. Health is the state f ur bdy at a given time. We may nt have any disease but still have a weak bdy, which is ready t be targeted by viruses. ____17____ This des nt definitely mean that we are nt healthy. It means the fitness level is nt in accrdance with ur age and the climatic cnditins we live in.
It is imprtant fr everyne t devte sme time t health and fitness. ____18____ Fr instance, we must exercise daily regardless f ur age and wrking style. There are different levels f exercises fr different age grups and we must d them accrding t ur wn health and age.
Additinally, it is imprtant t relax ur bdy. We shuld have at least six t eight hurs f sleep every day. It helps in imprving ur immune (免疫) system and prtects us against diseases. ____19____ This, in turn, gives us new gals f health and fitness.
A．Fitness levels decide the quality f life.
B．Health and fitness are interrelated t each ther.
C．It als helps in keeping us calm and relaxes ur mind.
D．Fr instance, we may have a tendency t catch a cld easily.
E．If we keep ur bdy fit, we can enjy life in a better manner.
F．There are sme activities which everyne shuld d in ur life.
G．This makes ur bdy suffer and we will catch ther diseases.
【答案】15．G 16．B 17．D 18．F 19．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应该通过哪些健身的方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。
15．根据空前“Health and fitness help a persn live a gd and healthy life. Often due t varius pressures, we tend t ignre ur health.(健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样的压力，我们往往会忽视自己的健康。)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“It is the fitness level f ur bdy that helps us fight these diseases.(正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗这些疾病。)”可知身体的健康可以让我们应对各种疾病，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对我们的身体及生活的影响。G项“This makes ur bdy suffer and we will catch ther diseases.(这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其他疾病。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中的ther diseases与空后的these diseases相互照应，符合上下文语境。故选G项。
16．根据空后“We need t be fit t have a healthy bdy. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted twards maintaining the fitness f ur bdy.(为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健康。同样，如果我们是健康的，我们自然会被保持健康的身体所吸引。)”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分的，空处位于句首，应是本段的主旨句，B项“Health and fitness are interrelated t each ther.(健康和健身是相互关联的。)”概括全段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
17．根据空前“Health is the state f ur bdy at a given time. We may nt have any disease but still have a weak bdy, which is ready t be targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们可能没有任何疾病，但身体仍然虚弱，随时会被病毒攻击。)”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很虚弱，随时会生病，根据空后“This des nt definitely mean that we are nt healthy.(这并不一定意味着我们不健康。)”可知生病并不一定表明我们是不健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明我们的身体在虚弱的情况下会生病这样一种状况，D项“Fr instance, we may have a tendency t catch a cld easily.(例如，我们可能很容易感冒。)”举例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的情况下生病，承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的This指代D项的we may have a tendency t catch a cld easily这种情况，符合上下文语境。故选D项。
18．根据空前“It is imprtant fr everyne t devte sme time t health and fitness.(对每个人来说，花些时间在健康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“Fr instance, we must exercise daily regardless f ur age and wrking style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年龄和工作方式。)”可知我们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼，F项“There are sme activities which everyne shuld d in ur life.(在我们的生活中有一些活动是每个人都应该做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F项。
19．根据空前“We shuld have at least six t eight hurs f sleep every day. It helps in imprving ur immune (免疫) system and prtects us against diseases.(我们每天至少应该有6到8个小时的睡眠。它有助于改善我们的免疫系统，保护我们抵抗疾病。)”可知我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空后“This, in turn, gives us new gals f health and fitness.(这反过来又给了我们健康和健身的新目标。)”可知充足的睡眠会对我们的健康和健身目标很有好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该继续讲充足的睡眠的好处，C项“It als helps in keeping us calm and relaxes ur mind.(它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑。)”进一步讲了充足的睡眠对于我们的好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C项。
（2022年浙江卷1月）
I have the same 24 hurs in a day as yu d, but I have made specific chice that allw me t make the mst f every day and still feel happy and relaxed. ____11____
Pick the mst imprtant.
____12____ Fcus n spending time that fr yu is fun and prductive. I chse the life f an adviser because I like t wrk with cmpanies, but dn't want the life f a big cmpany CEO. My chices are based n the lifestyle I want.
Cmbine yur activities.
Many peple g crazy trying t figure ut hw t spend time with friends, family, wrk, play, etc. ____13____ Find ways t enjy them in a cmbined manner. Build yur scial life arund peple yur wrk envirnment. Find peple in yur cmpany wh share cmmn interests and develp yur career (职业) arund the peple and activities yu lve.
____14____
Yu wuld think learning takes mre time frm yu, but actually there are always new ways f ding things that can save yu time n daily tasks, freeing yu up fr the mst imprtant. Always be lking fr a new way t gain back an hur here r there.
Lighten up.
The wrld wn't cme t an end in mst cases just because yu left a few things undne. Celebrate prgress and keep refining (改进) tward a happy prductive existence. ____15____ Every cmpletin is a small victry that adds up in a big way.
A．Speed up.
B．Be an active learner.
C．Stp trying t balance time between them all.
D．Make chices abut what is meaningful in yur life.
E．The things yu d well usually give yu greater jy.
F．Perhaps these tips will help yu make the mst f yur time.
G．This is why making lists is imprtant in any prductivity handbk.
【答案】11．F 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．G
【分析】本文是说明文。作者给出了既可以充分利用时间又可以快乐放松的有效建议。
11．上文“I have the same 24 hurs in a day as yu d, but 1 have made specific chice that allw me t make the mst f every day and still feel happy and relaxed.( 我和你一样，每天都有24小时，但我做了具体的选择，让我充分利用每一天，仍然感到快乐和放松)”说明作者做出选择，充分利用每一天，但仍旧感到快乐和轻松，根据下文段落小标题可知，下文就如何充分利用每一天给出了建议，因此空格处应是承上启下，F项中的“help yu make the mst f yur time”与上文“t make the mst f every day”一致，“tips”引出下文的建议，因此F项“也许这些建议会帮助你充分利用你的时间”符合语境，承上启下。故选F。
12．根据段落标题“Pick the mst imprtant.”可知，本段建议挑选最重要的，下文“Fcus n spending time that fr yu is fun and prductive.( 把时间花在那些对你来说有趣和富有成效的事情上)”说明要挑选一些有趣的和富有成效的事情去做，D项中的“what is meaningful in yur life”与标题中的“the mst imprtant”一致，下文是对“Make chices”具体解释。因此推断D项“选择你生活中有意义的东西”符合语境。故选D。
13．上文“Many peple g crazy trying t figure ut hw t spend time with friends, family, wrk, play, etc.( 许多人疯狂地试图弄清楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，娱乐等方面度过时间)”说明许多人想要弄清楚在生活中如何分配好时间，下文“Find ways t enjy them in a cmbined manner.( 找到一种结合的方式来享受它们)”说明可以把事情组合在一起享受，因此推断空格处与上文是转折关系，说明不要试图均衡时间，C项“不要试图在它们之间平衡时间”符合语境。故选C。
14．空格处为段落小标题。根据下文“Yu wuld think learning takes mre time frm yu, but actually there are always new ways f ding things that can save yu time n daily tasks, freeing yu up fr the mst imprtant. Always be lking fr a new way t gain back an hur here r there. Always be lking fr a new way t gain back an hur here r there. (你可能会认为学习需要花费了你更多的时间，但实际上总有一些新的方法可以为你节省出做日常事务的时间，为你腾出时间去做最重要的事情。寻找在这里或者那里赢回一个小时的新方法)”可推断，本段讲述学习虽然花费很多时间，但总是能有一些方法为你节省时间做其他事情，因此要做有效的学习者。因此推断B项“做有效的学习者”为段落标题，故选B。
15．下文“Every cmpletin is a small victry that adds up in a big way.( 每一次的完成都是一个小的胜利，累积起来就是一个大的胜利)”说明事情要一件一件去做，G项中的“making lists”与之呼应，因此推断G项“这就是为什么列清单在任何生产手册中都很重要的原因”符合语境，this指代上文“The wrld wn't cme t an end in mst cases just because yu left a few things undne. Celebrate prgress and keep refining (改进) tward a happy prductive existence.( 在大多数情况下，世界不会因为你没做完几件事而走向末日。庆祝进步，不断改进走向一个快乐而富有成效的存在)”解释了列出清单一件一件完成任务的原因。故选G。
（2021年全国乙卷）
Accrding t Jessica Hagy, authr f Hw t Be Interesting, it’s nt difficult t make yurself interesting at a dinner party.
___36___, if yu’re ut f yur cmfrt zne r if yu’re wandering int smebdy’s huse fr the first time. S the main thing is just t shw up and be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers.
Peple lve t talk abut themselves. If yu can start the cnversatin with a questin ther than “What d yu d fr a living?”, yu’ll be able t get a lt mre interesting cnversatin ut f whmever it is yu’re talking t. ___37___, it can bring in “I have this ld, brken-dwn vehicle” r “I rde the bus with these crazy peple wh were laughing at silly jkes in the back.” It just pens up cnversatin.
___38___? If yu can’t take their wine away, yu shuld certainly try t take away their sapbx (讲台). If yu’re the hst, yu can ask them t help yu in the kitchen with smething and just remve them frm the situatin.___39___.
And what abut that ther dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If yu’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment (赞扬). ___40___. Just quickly turn arund and say, “This cake is extremely delicius and yu have t tell me all abut it.”
S being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A. Hw d yu knw the hst
B. The first step is t g explring
C. If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here?”
D. Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E. Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F. What abut that persn wh had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking
G. He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. F 39. E 40. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在晚宴上让自己表现得有趣的一些方法。
36.上文“it’s nt difficult t make yurself interesting at a dinner party (在晚宴上让自己变得有趣并不难)”说明晚宴上让自己变得有趣是不太困难的，以及下文“S the main thing is just t shw up and be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers. (所以最主要的事情就是去尝试，去冒险，尝试不同的食物，和陌生人交谈)”说明在晚宴上让自己变得有趣的方法，B项“第一步是去探索”承上启下，符合题意。故选B项。
37.下文“it can bring in “I have this ld, brken-dwn vehicle” r “I rde the bus with these crazy peple wh were laughing at silly jkes in the back.” It just pens up cnversatin. (它可以引入“我有这辆破旧的车”或“我和那些在后面嘲笑愚蠢笑话的疯子一起乘坐公共汽车。”它只是开启了对话)”说明得到回答，开启对话，C项“如果你问问题“你是怎么到达这里的？”提出问题，引出下文，符合题意。故选C项。
38.下文“If yu can’t take their wine away, yu shuld certainly try t take away their sapbx. (如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方)”说明要采取方法，拿走他们的酒或者让他们离开讲话的地方，F项“喝太多酒或一直说个不停的人怎么办”提出问题，引出下文的解决办法，符合题意。故选F项。
39.上文“If yu can’t take their wine away, yu shuld certainly try t take away their sapbx (讲台). If yu’re the hst, yu can ask them t help yu in the kitchen with smething and just remve them frm the situatin. (如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么，只是为了让他们从那种情景中离开)”说明面对喝太多酒或者一直说个不停的人时，可以采取的方法，E项“或者把谈话变成他们没什么可说的话题”提出另一种解决办法，承接上文，符合题意。故选E项。
40.上文“If yu’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment.(如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默，唯一能让大家再次交谈的方法就是赞美主人)”说明赞美主人可以缓解尴尬的沉默，以及下文“This cake is extremely delicius and yu have t tell me all abut it.(这蛋糕特别好吃，你得告诉我它的一切)”说明对主人进行赞美的具体做法，G项中He r she 指代上文中的主人，G项“他或她是最能感受到那种尴尬的人”承上启下，符合题意。故选G项。
（2021年新高考I卷）
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____36____S the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-flr apartment the size f a cupbard. It was s tiny that we had t leave ur suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, thugh. Unlike a nrmal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) wrked. ____37____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female vice that said, “Ouverture des prtes,” in perfect French. That is the nly French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I dn’t have much use fr it.
Parisians are different frm yu and me. They never lk lazy r untidy. As smene nted in this paper a cuple f weeks ag, they eat great fd and never gain weight. ____38____ French strawberries d nt taste like cardbard. Instead, they explde in yur muth like little flavr bmbs.
____39___ On ur first mrning in Paris, I went arund the crner t the fd market t pick up sme grceries. I bught a handful f perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet meln. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cst $18!
In France, quality f life is much mre imprtant than efficiency.
Yu can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crwded.____40____When d these peple wrk? The French take their 35-hur wrkweek seriusly — s seriusly that sme labr unins recently struck a deal with a grup f cmpanies limiting the number f hurs that independent cntractrs can be n call.
A. Nt all the custmers are turists.
B. The quality f life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a cmfrtable bed.
D. The amazing fd is mainly cnsumed by lcal farmers.
E. That’s nt the nly reasn the French eat less than we d.
F. Our aim was t see if we culd live, in sme way, like real Parisians.
G. The fd is s delicius that yu dn’t need much f it t make yu happy.
【答案】36. F 37. C 38. G 39. E 40. A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和丈夫在巴黎待了一段时间了解到的法国人的一些生活习惯的经历。
36.下文“S the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-flr apartment the size f a cupbard.(所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵第六层的公寓，只有一个橱柜那么大)”说明作者和丈夫采取行动，租了昂贵的公寓，F项“我们的目标是看看我们是否在某种程度上能像真正的巴黎人那样生活。”说明作者和丈夫租昂贵公寓的原因，引出下文，符合题意。故选F项。
37.上文“Unlike a nrmal Parisian apartment, the plumbing wrked.(与普通的巴黎公寓不同，水管工作正常)”说明作者租的公寓的情况，C项“有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床”继续说明公寓的配置，承接上文，符合题意。故选C项。
38.下文“French strawberries d nt taste like cardbard. Instead, they explde in yur muth like little flavr bmbs.(法国草莓尝起来不像纸板。相反，它们会像小炸弹一样在你嘴里爆炸)”说明法国的草莓很美味，G项中delicius是关键词，G项“食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太多就能使你快乐”引出下文，符合题意。故选G项。
39.下文“My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cst $18!(我丈夫和我都认为这是我们吃过的最好的水果。但它们要18美元!)”说明法国的水果好吃但是很贵，E项“这并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因”承接上文法国人吃的少但是不胖的话题，并引出下文，说明法国人吃的少的另一个原因“物价昂贵”。故选E项。
40.上文“In France, quality f life is much mre imprtant than efficiency (效率). Yu can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crwded. (在法国生活质量比效率更重要。这一点你能从咖啡馆生活看出来。法国的咖啡厅总是很拥挤)”说明了法国人会去咖啡馆，认为生活质量比效率更重要，以及下文“When d these peple wrk?(这些人什么时候工作？)”说明咖啡馆中的顾客有法国人，A项中custmer符合咖啡馆的情境设定，A项“并不是所有的顾客都是游客。”承上启下，符合题意。故选A项。