山东省青岛市2024届高三一模考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份山东省青岛市2024届高三一模考试英语试卷(含答案)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Mnet: The Immersive (沉浸式) Experience
Mnet: The Immersive Experience in Liège invites yu t step int the wrld f the French painter Claude Mnet, ne f the greatest artistic geniuses f the nineteenth century!
Explre sme f the mst breathtaking paintings by Claude Mnet with the help f a digital 360-degree presentatin. The unique exhibitin cncept is staged with state-f-the-art multimedia technlgy, which shws very large images f Mnet’s paintings n the walls and flrs f the building. It has music, the smell f flwers, and vice-ver in several languages t make the paintings cme alive in a way never seen befre.
T fully get int the wrld f the French painter, visitrs are guided thrugh three experience rms. Each rm is a highlight n its wn and prvides visitrs nt nly with an insight, but als with new experiences and new viewpints n Mnet’s life, his wrk and his masterpieces.Practical inf
·Date: frm March 2024
·Opening hurs:
Wednesday, Thursday: 10: 00 am-7: 00 pm
Friday: 10: 00 am-8: 00 pm
Saturday: 9: 00 am-8: 00 pm
Sunday: 9: 00 am-7: 00 pm
Mnday and Tuesday: Clsed
·Duratin: the visit will take arund 60 t 75 minutes
·Lcatin: Eglise Saint-Phlien, Rue Saint-Phlien, 4020 Liège
·Please cnsult the FAQs f this experience here
1．Hw des the exhibitin help visitrs explre Mnet’s paintings?
A. It uses digital technlgy.B. It gives lectures n art.
C. It ffers stages t visitrs.D. It prvides language services.
2．What will visitrs experience in the three rms?
A. An explratin n French art.
B. An intrductry tur f painters.
C. A unique jurney t Mnet’s wrld.
D. An encunter with Mnet-inspired artwrks.
3．Which f the fllwing is a recmmended visiting time?
A. 11: 30 am (Wed, Feb 21).B. 10: 00 am (Tue, Mar 19).
C. 6: 30 pm (Thur, Mar 28).D. 4: 00 pm (Sun, Apr 7).
The Music Educatr Award, this year, went t Annie Ray, an rchestra(管弦乐队)directr at Annandale High Schl. She was recgnized fr her effrts t make music accessible t all students, particularly thse with disabilities. Ray gt t attend the awards ceremny in Ls Angeles and bring hme a $10,000 prize.
Ray created the Crescend Orchestra fr students with severe intellectual and develpmental disabilities, as well as a parent rchestra that teaches nearly 200 caregivers a year t play the same instrument as their child. Ray als wrks with a lcal charity t give damaged instruments a secnd life in her classrm.
The rchestra is abut much mre than just making music. The mst imprtant is t give students a chance t develp their cperatin skills, make mistakes and learn the art f refining smething. Ray pushes her students t be brave, g utside their cmfrt zne and realize they have t learn hw t make bad sunds befre learning hw t make gd sunds. And they teach her a lt in return.” They changed my educatinal philsphy. I understand what it truly means t meet a student where they’re at and apply that elsewhere,” she said.
The warm receptin n the ceremny was meaningful. Actually, nt many peple understand what exactly music educatrs d r hw much their wrk matters. While her administratin is supprtive, that lack f understanding is a prblem facing the prfessin in general. Anther is resurces. She says her schl “desperately” needs new instruments. She will use sme f her prize mney t buy mre.
Ray als plans t put sme f the mney twards an nging schlarship fr students wh want t pursue music when they graduate. She knws f several, thse particularly interested in music, and aims t ffer financial supprt needed t realize their musical dreams” It is hard but truly satisfying,” Ray said. “And there’s nthing else like it fr them.”
4．What can we learn abut Ray frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. She hsted the award ceremny.
B. She brught music t mre peple.
C. She gave away instruments t the pr.
D. She funded a lcal charity fr children.
5．What d students benefit mst frm the rchestra?
A. They acquire in-depth musical knwledge.
B. They make friends with the like-minded.
C. They gain persnal grwth frm playing music.
D. They imprve their cnnectins with educatrs.
6．What is paragraph 4 f the text mainly abut?
A. The receptin n the ceremny.B. Imprtance f music educatin.
C. Challenges fr music educatrs.D. Plans t btain resurces.
7．What des Ray find satisfying accrding t the last paragraph?
A. Winning a schlarship.B. Develping interest in music.
C. Making musical achievements.D. Transfrming dreams int reality.
An ancient Latin prverb says “Aquila nn capit muscas” —cagles dn’t hunt flies—meaning that imprtant nes shuldn’t cncern themselves with small, insignificant matters. But the lins in East Africa shuld cncern themselves with the seemingly insignificant ants, because these ants are changing their lifestyles.
The stry starts with the acacia trees(金合欢树)in an African wildlife area in central KenyaSme f these acacia trees prvide fd and shelter fr specific ant species, which in turn defend the tree against herbivres(食草动物).The ants are actively attacking and driving away herbivres that attempt t feed n the tree’s leavesThis is highly effective; the ants nt nly physically harm the herbivres but als release chemicals that can deter ther ptential attackers.
But these ants are in truble. Anther species called the “big-headed” ant is destrying entire grups f tree-prtecting ants. This, in turn, sets ff an entire chain f events that ends up influencing when and hw lins can hunt.
This ant invasin(入侵)affects ne thing after the ther. It leaves the acacia trees defenseless against herbivres especially elephants. The elephants cme in and eat the acacias at five t seven times the rate bserved in uninvaded areas. The lins, while hunting fr fd, have n mre trees t use fr hiding. This reduced tree cver makes lins less successful at hunting and pushes them t find different areas t hunt in.
“These tiny invaders are pulling n the ties that put an African ecsystem tgether, determining wh is eaten andwhere,” said Tdd Palmer, an eclgist frm Flrida.
The lins, which are already endangered, are managing t cpe with this by n lnger fcusing their attentin n zebras. The zebras, f curse, can see them much better n the apprach given the lack f cver. Instead, they are targeting water buffal. But this als isn’t the end f the stry. Wh knws what the lins’ changing strategy will mean fr the ecsystem dwn the line?
8．What des the underlined wrd “deter” in paragraph 2mean?
A. Direct.B. Discurage.C. Identify.D. Seek.
9．What rle d the elephants play in the chain reactin?
A. Cperating with “big-headed” ants.
B. Damaging the hiding place fr lins.
C. Prtecting the acacias frm herbivres.
D. Starting ff the disturbance f the chain.
10．The authr mentins lins, zebras and water buffal t shw that ______.
A. animals fall victim t bigger nes
B. the eclgy is n the rad t recvery
C. animals are crelated in the ecsystem
D. species are firmly psitined in the fd chain
11．What is the text mainly abut?
A. What eclgists find abut animals.
B. Why African lins are endangered.
C. Hw tiny ants affect the way lins hunt.
D. Hw the law f the jungle wrks in Africa.
At a cnference last week, I received an interesting piece f advice: “Assume yu are wrng.” The advice came frm Brian Nsek, a fellw psychlgy prfessr. He wasn’t bjecting t any particular claim I’d made — he was ffering a strategy fr pursuing better science, and fr encuraging thers t d the same.
T understand the cntext fr Nsek’s advice, we need t take a step back — t the nature f science itself. Despite what many f us learned in elementary schl, there is n single scientific methd. Just as scientific theries change, s d scientific methds.
Assuming yu are right might be a mtivating frce, sustaining the enrmus effrt that cnducting scientific wrk requires. But it als makes it easy t interpret criticisms as persnal attacks, and fr scientific arguments t develp int persnal battles. Beginning, instead, frm the assumptin yu are wrng, a criticism is easier t be viewed as a helpful pinter, a cnstructive suggestin fr hw t be less wrng — a gal that yur critic prbably shares.
Nsek’s advice may sund pessimistic, but it’s nt s freign t science. Philsphers f science smetimes refer t the “pessimistic meta-inductin (元归纳)” n the histry f science: All f ur past scientific theries have been wrng, s surely ur current theries will turn ut t be wrng, t. That desn’t mean we haven’t made prgress, but it des indicate that there is always rm fr imprvement—ways t be less wrng.
I like the advice because it builds in an awareness f ur limitatins and a readiness t accept the unknwn (“there are things I d nt knw!”) alng with a sense that we can d better (“there are things I d nt knw yet!”). It als builds in a sense f cmmunity — we’re all in the same bat when it cmes t falling shrt f getting things right. Perhaps the fcus n a shared gal — ur gal as scientists and humans f being less wrng — can help make up fr any harm in scientific mtivatin r cmmunicatin.
12．Why did Nsek send the advice?
A. T express pinins abut my claims.
B. T remind me t be pen t criticism.
C. T encurage me t take up science.
D. T better my understanding f psychlgy.
13．Hw des assuming yu are wrng help?
A. It mtivates scientists t make effrts.
B. It addresses persnal attacks and cnflicts.
C. It sets a cnstructive imprvement gal.
D. It cntributes t a deeper insight int yurself.
14．What des the authr think f science theries?
A. Dynamic. B. Testable. C. Pineering. D. Well-established.
15．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Accept the UnknwnB. Aim t Be Less Wrng
C. Get Engaged in PsychlgyD. Dig int the Nature f Science
二、七选五
16．When yu think f yur clsest friends, wh will cme t yur mind? Perhaps yur cllege rmmates r the neighbr yu played with as a child. Regardless f hw yu met these peple, they mst likely have ne key thing in cmmn: ①_____A 2023 study fund that, fr thse aged 21 t 30, ver 80 percent in their scial circles, were brn within five years f them. Mrever, nearly 63 percent f adults have n clse friends 15 years lder r yunger than them.
Spending ur time with such a narrw grup f peple can fuel age segregatin and increase ur lneliness. These limitatins als keep us frm ther generatins’ mindsets and ptentially surprising pints f cnnectin. ②_____Of curse, the nes that are lder might ffer a brief lk int the cming years.
A prgram that runs schls ut f senir centers has said a lt abut it. ③_____Dawn Carr, a scilgy prfessr, said mst lder peple get much frm practical help—with new technlgy, fr instance—their yunger friends ffered. ④_____ Having fun with smene decades yunger definitely takes ff their pressure t “act their age”.
⑤_____ Lila, aged 75, was prud that her life experiences prepared her t give advice t her yung friend with depressin, fr which the yung was grateful. Als, lder friends ffer mre examples f what grwing up can lk like. If smene’s parents are the nly lder peple they knw well, they might fail t picture ther pssibilities. A greater pl f lder friends can help yung peple create their wn blueprint.
A. Yu befriend thse wh live arund.
B. They’re all rughly the same age as yu.
C. Others might find jy in expsure t new ideas.
D. Brught clser, bth see mre than ne benefit.
E. Yunger friends can be a reminder f past selves.
F. Frming these kinds f friendship is particularly hard tday.
G. Indeed, intergeneratinal relatinship is never a ne-way street.
三、完形填空（15空）
When my father was a teenager, he had been declared a prdigy (天才) by his art teacher. He 1 t becme an art teacher and had sme 2 f his paintings. But when my mther gt ill, his creative life ceased.
I remembered my father’s 3 fr art. One day, I asked whether he was interested in drawing a cartn. My father was nt much f a 4 . When learning t drive, I had asked if it was mre imprtant t 5 the cars ahead r thse behind. “Bth.” Then he was 6 fr the next three miles.
He gave n 7 answer t my query (询问). I asked again the fllwing day. Still n real 8 . I ultimately 9 the idea. I understd he had enugh n his p late already. But a week later, I received an email frm my father — with a(n) 10 . I dwnladed the file and there was the cartn I had asked him t draw!
We began t draw cartns. The prcess f creating gave him 11 . As he built his art muscles back up, his teenage self’s enthusiasm 12 .
He is nw painting, drawing and talking s much I have t 13 I’m getting a call t escape his 14 . If he were t ask me whether I was pruder f the cartn r f him turning his life arund, I wuld say, “ 15 .”
17．A. went nB. agreedC. seemedD. happened
18．A. recrdsB. cpiesC. exhibitsD. celebratins
19．A. chiceB. lveC. skillD. idea
20．A. talkerB. teacherC. painterD. thinker
21．A. drive ffB. rush thrughC. lk intD. cncentrate n
22．A. carefulB. silentC. impatientD. plite
23．A. definiteB. relevantC. simpleD. clever
24．A. channelB. respnseC. messageD. wrd
25．A. drppedB. failedC. frgtD. regretted
26．A. listB. presentC. budgetD. attachment
27．A. freedmB. safetyC. purpseD. trust
28．A. grewB. returnedC. appearedD. mixed
29．A. pretendB. stateC. jkeD. mentin
30．A. excitementB. disappintmentC. embarrassmentD. amusement
31．A. MyselfB. YuC. NeitherD. Bth
四、短文填空
32．Chinese Lng is the fifth animal f the 12-year Chinese zdiac cycle, ① (cnsider) t be mythical and symblic f frtune. Recently, sales f things with dragn elements have witnessed explsive grwth n e-cmmerce platfrms.
Data frm an e-cmmerce platfrm shw that searches ② dragn-related gds via its nline marketplace have reached 23 millin. ③ is said that since January, gds with dragn-themed elements, such as daily necessities, alchl and gld jewelry, ④ (prefer) by cnsumers. The purchasing excitement is expected t ⑤ (huge) bst cnsumer cnfidence and imprve the recvery f cnsumptin.
Purchases by the pst-1990s and pst-2000s generatins accunted fr nearly 55%, while cnsumers in Guangdng prvince, Beijing, Jiangsu prvince in that rder, ⑥ (be) the tp three spenders n dragn-featured items. Because the dragn is an imprtant symbl f Chinese traditinal culture ⑦ gd luck, Chinese cnsumers are expressing their hpes fr ⑧ better life in the new year.
“Brands shuld capitalize n traditinal Chinese culture t launch mre innvative ⑨ (prduct),” a research fellw said, ⑩ (stress) that Spring Festival is the traditinal festival Chinese peple attach the mst imprtance t, and it’s als a peak seasn fr cnsumptin.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，你校今年开设了蔬菜栽培、传统工艺（handcraft）等实践课程。请你给外国好友Jhn写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 你的参与情况；
2. 你的体会。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jhn,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I begged my mm t let me make ckies by myself. Even thugh I had never attempted baking befre, I was nine years ld and my friend Emmie had been baking cupcakes by herself fr a year. I was determined t prve that I culd make it.
My brther, Caleb, laughed at the idea f me cking alne, calling it a disaster. Having a big brther can be annying. Despite his laughing, my mm agreed t let me try. She reminded me t take my time and be careful because I’d had sme messy spills befre I was nine.
I raced t the kitchen and went t wrk. I cracked eggs and put a cld stick f butter int the bwl. I turned n the mixer at medium speed—and wha. Wha. Wha! What a disaster! I had t wipe butter ff my face, then ff the table and flr.
Caleb made fun f me again, calling me a mess. I chased him away with a spn and turned back t the mixing bwl. I started again with sfter butter. Referring t the recipe, I pured everything needed int the bwl and mixed it. After that, I put rund batter (面糊) nt the ckie sheet and put it int the ven (烤箱). Within a minute, a fantastic smell filled the kitchen—the smell f ckie success!
I was ging t prve that I was respnsible. N mre eye-rlling frm my brther. N mre “Yu’re t yung” frm my parents. I was grwn up and in cntrl.
I stared int the ven, and my heart sank. The neat, little balls had melted (融化) and verflwed t the edges f the ckie sheet. I pulled the pan ut just as Caleb wandered back int the kitchen.
“What in the wrld?” He started t laugh. “Ckie sup?”
“Yu just be quiet,” I whispered, trying nt t cry. “Just leave me alne.”
“Hw’s it ging in there?” Dad called frm the living rm.
Caleb raised his eyebrws and bit his lip. I respnded that everything was fine, puring the melted batter int the bwl quickly.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: I picked up the directins, wndering what had gne wrng.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: I brught a plate f ckies int the living rm fr my parents.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Explre sme f the mst breathtaking paintings by Claude Mnet with the help f a digital 360-degree presentatin.(在数字360度演示的帮助下，探索克劳德·莫奈的一些最令人惊叹的画作。)”可知，这个展览通过数字科技帮助游客探索莫奈的画作。故选A。
2．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“T fully get int the wrld f the French painter, visitrs are guided thrugh three experience rms. Each rm is a highlight n its wn and prvides visitrs nt nly with an insight, but als with new experiences and new viewpints n Mnet’s life, his wrk and his masterpieces.(为了充分进入这位法国画家的世界，游客们被引导到三个体验室。每个房间都是自己的亮点，不仅为游客提供了洞察力，而且还为莫奈的生活，他的工作和他的杰作提供了新的体验和新的观点。)”可知，游客们在三个体验室可以体验一次独特的莫奈世界之旅。故选C。
3．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Practical inf部分的“Date: frm March 2024(日期：2024年3月起)”和“Opening hurs: Wednesday, Thursday: 10: 00 am-7: 00 pm，Friday: 10: 00 am-8: 00 pm，Saturday: 9: 00 am-8: 00 pm，Sunday: 9: 00 am-7: 00 pm，Mnday and Tuesday: Clsed(开放时间：周三，周四：上午10点至下午7点，周五：上午10点至晚上8点，周六：上午9点至晚上8点，周日：上午9点至晚上7点，周一和周二：关闭)”可知，推荐的游览时间是4月7日，星期天下午4点。故选D。
4．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“She was recgnized fr her effrts t make music accessible t all students, particularly thse with disabilities.(她因努力让所有学生，特别是残疾学生都能接触到音乐而受到认可)”和第二段的“Ray created the Crescend Orchestra fr students with severe intellectual and develpmental disabilities, as well as a parent rchestra that teaches nearly 200 caregiver s a year t play the same instrument as their child. (雷为有严重智力和发育障碍的学生创建了Crescend管弦乐队，同时还成立了一个家长管弦乐队，每年教近200名照顾者和他们的孩子演奏同样的乐器)”可知，她把音乐带给了更多人。故选B。
5．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“The mst imprtant is t give students a chance t develp their cperatin skills, make mistakes and learn the art f refining smething. Ray pushes her students t be brave, g utside their cmfrt zne and realize they have t learn hw t make bad sunds befre learning hw t make gd sunds. (最重要的是给学生一个机会来发展他们的合作技能，犯错误和学习改进的艺术。雷鼓励她的学生要勇敢，走出他们的舒适区，并意识到在学习如何发出好声音之前，他们必须先学会如何发出坏声音。)”可知，学生从弹奏音乐中获得最大的益处是个人成长。故选C。
6．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第四段内容“Actually, nt many peple understand what exactly music educatrs d r hw much their wrk matters. While her administratin is supprtive, that lack f understanding is a prblem facing the prfessin in general. Anther is resurces. She says her schl “desperately” needs new instruments. She will use sme f her prize mney t buy mre.( 实际上，没有多少人真正了解音乐教育者到底是做什么的，也没有多少人了解他们的工作有多重要。虽然她的政府是支持的，但缺乏理解是整个行业面临的一个问题。另一个是资源。她说，她的学校“迫切”需要新的仪器。她会用一些奖金买更多的东西)”可知，本段主要讲述了音乐教育工作者面临的困难。故选C。
7．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第一段的“She knws f several, thse particularly interested in music, and aims t ffer financial supprt needed t realize their musical dreams.” It is hard but truly satisfying,” Ray said. “And there’s nthing else like it fr them.”(她认识几个对音乐特别感兴趣的人，她的目标是为他们提供实现音乐梦想所需的经济支持。“这很难，但确实令人满意，”雷说。“对他们来说，没有什么比这更好的了。”)”可知，令雷满意的事帮助对音乐特别感兴趣的人实现音乐梦想。故选D。
8．答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据上文“The ants are actively attacking and driving away herbivres that attempt t feed n the tree’s leaves. This is highly effective; the ants nt nly physically harm the herbivres(蚂蚁正在积极攻击并赶走试图以树叶为食的食草动物。这是非常有效的；蚂蚁不仅在身体上伤害食草动物)”可知，蚂蚁对合欢树具有保护作用。由此猜测“but als release chemicals that can deter ther ptential attackers.”意为“蚂蚁还释放出可以阻止其他潜在攻击者的化学物质”，即deter意为“阻止”，与discurage同义。故选B。
9．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“This ant invasin(入侵)affects ne thing after the ther.It leaves the acacia trees defenseless against herbivres especially elephants.The elephants cme in and eat the acacias at five t seven times the rate bserved in uninvaded areas.The lins, while hunting fr fd, have n mre trees t use fr hiding.(蚂蚁的入侵影响了一件又一件事。这使得金合欢树无法抵御食草动物，尤其是大象。大象吃金合欢的速度是未被入侵地区的5到7倍。狮子在寻找食物的时候，没有更多的树可以用来躲藏。)”可知，在食物链中大象破坏狮子的藏身之处。故选B。
10．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““These tiny invaders are pulling n the ties that put an African ecsystem tgether, determining wh is eaten and where,” said Tdd Palmer, an eclgist frm Flrida.(来自佛罗里达州的生态学家托德·帕尔默(Tdd Palmer)说:“这些微小的入侵者正在拉动非洲生态系统的纽带，决定谁被吃掉，在哪里被吃掉。”)”和最后一段“The lins, which are already endangered, are managing t cpe with this by n lnger fcusing their attentin n zebras. The zebras, f curse, can see them much better n the apprach given the lack f cver. Instead, they are targeting water buffal. (已经濒临灭绝的狮子正在设法解决这个问题，不再把注意力集中在斑马身上。斑马，当然，可以更好地看到它们靠近，因为缺乏掩护。相反，它们的目标是水牛。)”可知，蚂蚁的入侵导致金合欢树大量被吃，使得狮子在狩猎时失去掩护，这导致以斑马为主食的狮子转而猎杀水牛。由此推知，作者提到狮子、斑马和水牛是为了说明动物在生态系统中是相互关联的。故选C。
11．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章第一段“But the lins in East Africa shuld cncern themselves with the seemingly insignificant ants, because these ants are changing their lifestyles.(但是东非的狮子应该关注这些看起来微不足道的蚂蚁，因为这些蚂蚁正在改变它们的生活方式。)”可知，文章主要介绍了小蚂蚁如何影响狮子的捕猎方式。故选C。
12．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“He wasn’t bjecting t any particular claim I’d made—he was ffering a strategy fr pursuing better science, and fr encuraging thers t d the same.(他并没有反对我的任何特定主张—他提出了一个追求更好科学的策略，并鼓励其他人也这样做。)”和第三段中的“Beginning, instead, frm the assumptin yu are wrng, a criticism is easier t be viewed as a helpful pinter, a cnstructive suggestin fr hw t be less wrng—a gal that yur critic prbably shares.(相反，从你错了的假设开始，批评更容易被视为一个有用的提示，一个如何减少错误的建设性建议—这是你的批评者可能也有的同样目标)”可知，Nsek提出的这条建议是一个追求更好科学的策略，从假设自己错了开始，就会更容易接受批评，让自己减少错误，由此可推测出，Nsek提出这条建议是为了提醒作者对批评持开放态度。故选B。
13．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Beginning, instead, frm the assumptin yu are wrng, a criticism is easier t be viewed as a helpful pinter, a cnstructive suggestin fr hw t be less wrng—a gal that yur critic prbably shares.(相反，从你错了的假设开始，批评更容易被视为一个有用的提示，一个如何减少错误的建设性建议—这是你的批评者可能也有的同样目标)”可知，假设你错了可以帮助你获得如何减少错误的建设性建议，而减少错误或许是你和你的批评者的共同目标，由此可推测出，假设你错了可以帮助设立一个建设性的改进目标。故选C。
14．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Just as scientific theries change, s d scientific methds.(正如科学理论在变化，科学方法也在变化)”可知，作者认为科学理论是变化的、动态的。故选A。
15．答案：B
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第一句“At a cnference last week, I received an interesting piece f advice: ‘Assume yu are wrng.’(在上周的一次会议上，我收到了一条有趣的建议：‘假设你错了。’)”和最后一段最后一句“Perhaps the fcus n a shared gal—ur gal as scientists and humans f being less wrng—can help make up fr any harm in scientific mtivatin r cmmunicatin.(也许关注一个共同的目标——我们作为科学家和人类的目标是减少错误—可以帮助弥补科学动机或沟通中的任何伤害)”可知，本文主要讨论了在科学研究中“假设你是错的”这个方法，它有助于让所有人关注减少错误这一共同目标，从而让科学取得进步，由此可推测出，B项“力求减少错误”最适合作本文标题。故选B。
16．答案：BEDCG
解析：①根据上文“Regardless f hw yu met these peple, they mst likely have ne key thing in cmmn (不管你是怎么认识这些人的，他们很可能有一个关键的共同点)”以及后文“A 2023 study fund that, fr thse aged 21 t 30, ver 80 percent in their scial circles, were brn within five years f them. Mrever, nearly 63 percent f adults have n clse friends 15 years lder r yunger than them. (2023年的一项研究发现，对于21岁至30岁的人来说，社交圈中超过80%的人是在5年内出生的。此外，近63%的成年人没有比自己大或小15岁的亲密朋友。)”可知，本句主要说明上文提到的共同点是什么，结合后文的研究可知这些人都年纪接近。故B选项“他们都和你差不多大。”符合语境，故选B。
②根据后文“Of curse, the nes that are lder might ffer a brief lk int the cming years. (当然，那些年龄较大的可能会让我们对未来几年有一个简要的了解。)”可知，后文提到了年龄大的朋友会让我们了解未来，与此对应的，可知本句是正在说明年轻的朋友会让我们想起过去。故E选项“年轻的朋友可以提醒你过去的自己。”符合语境，故选E。
③根据上文“A prgram that runs schls ut f senir centers has said a lt abut it. (一个在老年中心外开办学校的项目对此做了很多介绍。)”以及后文“Dawn Carr, a scilgy prfessr, said mst lder peple get much frm practical help—with new technlgy, fr instance—their yunger friends ffered. (社会学教授道恩•卡尔说，大多数老年人从年轻朋友提供的实际帮助中获益良多，比如新技术。)”可知，本句主要说明项目介绍了老年人和年轻人相处会得到好处。故D选项“拉近距离，两者都看到了不止一个好处。”符合语境，故选D。
④根据后文“Having fun with smene decades yunger definitely takes ff their pressure t “act their age”. (和比自己小几十岁的人玩得开心，绝对可以减轻他们“表现得像同龄人”的压力。)”可知，后文提到了年纪大的人和比自己小几十岁的人玩得开心，可以减轻心理压力，即心理层面的好处。故C选项“其他人可能会从接触新思想中找到乐趣。”符合语境，故选C。
⑤根据本段内容“Lila, aged 75, was prud that her life experiences prepared her t give advice t her yung friend with depressin, fr which the yung was grateful. Als, lder friends ffer mre examples f what grwing up can lk like. If smene’s parents are the nly lder peple they knw well, they might fail t picture ther pssibilities. A greater pl f lder friends can help yung peple create their wn blueprint. (75岁的莱拉很自豪，她的生活经历使她能够给患有抑郁症的年轻朋友提供建议，年轻人对此很感激。此外，年长的朋友提供了更多成长的例子。如果某人的父母是他们唯一熟悉的老年人，他们可能无法想象其他可能性。更多的年长朋友可以帮助年轻人创造自己的蓝图。)”结合上文主要论述了年轻人给老年人带来的好处，后文则主要提到了老年人对年轻人的好处，可知带来的好处不是单向的。故G选项“的确，代际关系从来不是单行道。”符合语境，故选G。
17．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：他后来成为了一名美术教师，并举办了一些绘画展览。A. went n继续；B. agreed同意；C. seemed似乎；D. happened发生。根据上文“When my father was a teenager, he had been declared a prdigy by his art teacher. (我父亲十几岁的时候，他的美术老师就说他是个神童)”可知，父亲有艺术天赋，所以继续成为了一名美术老师。故选A。
18．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他后来成为了一名美术教师，并举办了一些绘画展览。A. recrds记录；B. cpies复制；C. exhibits展示；D. celebratins庆祝。根据后文“f his paintings”以及上文提到父亲是美术老师，所以是举办了一些绘画展览。故选C。
19．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想起了父亲对艺术的热爱。A. chice选择；B. lve爱；C. skill技能；D. idea想法。根据上文“But when my mther gt ill, his creative life ceased. (但当我母亲生病时，他的创作生活停止了)”可知，父亲因为母亲放弃了美术，所以此处指作者想起父亲对艺术的热爱。故选B。
20．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父亲不爱说话。A. talker谈话者；B. teacher老师；C. painter画家；D. thinker思考者。根据后文作者问父亲问题，父亲只回答了一个“Bth”可知父亲不健谈，故选A。
21．答案：D
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：学开车的时候，我问过他，是把注意力放在前面的车更重要，还是放在后面的车更重要。A. drive ff赶走；B. rush thrugh冲过；C. lk int调查；D. cncentrate n集中。根据上文“When learning t drive”可知，谈论的开车，把注意力放在前面的车更重要，还是放在后面的车更重要。故选D。
22．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后在接下来的三英里里，他一言不发。A. careful仔细的；B. silent沉默的；C. impatient无耐心的；D. plite礼貌的。根据上文“Bth”可知，父亲只回答了一个字，结合上文提到父亲不爱说话，说明接下来的三英里里，他一言不发。故选B。
23．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对我的问题没有给出明确的回答。A. definite清晰的；B. relevant有关的；C. simple简单的；D. clever聪明的。根据上文“Bth”可知，父亲对作者的回答没有给出明确的回答。故选A。
24．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：仍然没有真正的回应。A. channel频道；B. respnse回答；C. message信息；D. wrd单词。根据上文“I asked again the fllwing day. (第二天我又问了一遍)”以及“Still”可知，父亲对作者的问题仍然没有真正的回答。故选B。
25．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最终放弃了这个想法。A. drpped落下，放弃；B. failed失败；C. frgt忘记；D. regretted后悔。根据后文“I understd he had enugh n his plate already.(我知道他已经够忙的了)”可知，作者放弃了询问父亲的想法，故选A。
26．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是一周后，我收到了父亲的一封电子邮件—附带了一个附件。A. list清单；B. present礼物；C. budget预算；D. attachment附件。根据后文“I dwnladed the file and there was the cartn I had asked him t draw!(我下载了文件，里面有我让他画的漫画！)”可知，父亲的邮件附带了漫画附件。故选D。
27．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：创造的过程给了他目的。A. freedm自由；B. safety安全；C. purpse目的；D. trust信任。根据后文“he built his art muscles back up”可知，父亲找回了艺术创作，创造的过程给了他目的。故选C。
28．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他重新练就自己的艺术肌肉时，他的少年时代的热情又回来了。A. grew生长；B. returned返回；C. appeared出现；D. mixed混合的。根据上文“But when my mther gt ill, his creative life ceased.(但当我母亲生病时，他的创作生活停止了)”此处指父亲对艺术的热情回来了。故选B。
29．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他现在一直在画画、描绘、说话，我不得不假装在接电话，以逃避他的兴奋。A. pretend假装；B. state陈述；C. jke开玩笑；D. mentin提及。根据后文“I’m getting a call t escape his”可知，作者为了逃避兴奋的父亲，不得不假装打电话。故选A。
30．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他现在一直在画画、描绘、说话，我不得不假装在接电话，以逃避他的兴奋。A. excitement激动；B. disappintment失望；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. amusement娱乐。根据上文“He is nw painting, drawing and talking s much”可知，父亲因为找回了激情而兴奋，一直在画画、描绘、说话。故选A。
31．答案：D
解析：考查代词词义辨析。句意：如果他问我，我是为这部漫画感到骄傲，还是为他改变了自己的生活感到骄傲，我会说:“两者都有。”A. Myself我自己；B. Yu你；C. Neither两者都不；D. Bth两者都。此处呼应上文父亲的回答“Bth”，指作者为漫画和父亲改变了自己的生活感到骄傲。故选D。
32．答案：cnsidered；fr；It；have been preferred；hugely；were；and；a；prducts；stressing
解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意：龙是中国12年生肖周期中的第五只动物，被认为是神话和财富的象征。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词，Chinese Lng和cnsider为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填cnsidered。
②考查介词。句意：某电子商务平台的数据显示，通过其在线市场搜索与龙有关的商品已达到2300万次。search fr为固定搭配，意为“搜索……”。故填fr。
③考查代词。句意：据说，自今年1月以来，以龙为主题的日用品、酒类和黄金首饰等商品受到了消费者的青睐。It is said that…为固定句型，意为“据说”，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填It。
④考查动词时态语态。句意同上。空处为从句谓语动词，根据时间状语“since January”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语gds with dragn-themed elements和prefer为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，助动词使用have。故填have been preferred。
⑤考查副词。句意：这种购买热情有望极大地提振消费者信心，促进消费复苏。修饰动词bst，需用副词hugely，作状语。故填hugely。
⑥考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：90后和00后的消费占比接近55%，而广东、北京和江苏的消费者是龙类商品的前三名。空处为并列句的谓语动词，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语为cnsumers，be动词用were。故填were。
⑦考查连词。句意：因为龙是中国传统文化和好运的重要象征，中国消费者表达了他们对新的一年更好生活的希望。Chinese traditinal culture和gd luck为并列成分，需用连词and连接。故填and。
⑧考查冠词。句意同上。life为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且better发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
⑨考查名词。句意：一位研究员表示:“品牌应该利用中国传统文化来推出更多创新产品。”他强调春节是中国人最重视的传统节日，也是消费旺季。空处需填名词作宾语，prduct为可数名词，结合“mre”可知，此处使用名词复数形式。故填prducts。
⑩考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词said，空处需填非谓语动词，作状语，a research fellw和stress为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填stressing。
33．答案：
Dear Jhn,
Hw are yu ding recently? I can’t wait t infrm yu f the relevant details that will definitely attract yu a lt.
T fster students’ crrect utlk n labr, tw curses, planting vegetables and traditinal crafts are available t students in each grade this year in ur schl. Full f curisity, I take these curses.
Making handicrafts is ne f my favurite, where I gained a fundamental glimpse f essential life skills such as sewing a buttn and knitting a scarf. It was surely a rewarding experience, enriching my after-schl life and helping me frm the gd habit f labring. Mst f the students are fascinated by the curses because they ffer an alternative t ur busy schl life. Nt nly can we get relaxed but als we can gain a higher mral value n life.
Yurs,
Li Hua
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代替李华给外国好友Jhn写信告知他你参加实践课程的情况和体会。
【详解】1.词汇积累
吸引：attract→appeal t
培养：fster→cultivate
充满：full f→filled with
获得：gain→btain
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：T fster students’ crrect utlk n labr, tw curses, planting vegetables and traditinal crafts are available t students in each grade this year in ur schl.
拓展句：T fster students’ crrect utlk n labr, tw curses, which are planting vegetables and traditinal crafts are available t students in each grade this year in ur schl.
【高分句型1】T fster students’ crrect utlk n labr, tw curses, planting vegetables and traditinal crafts are available t students in each grade this year in ur schl.（运用了不定式作状语）
【高分句型2】Making handicrafts is ne f my favurite, where I gained a fundamental glimpse f essential life skills such as sewing a buttn and knitting a scarf.（运用了where引导定语从句）
34．答案：
Paragraph 1:
I picked up the directins, wndering what had gne wrng. It was then that I realized I had frgtten t add the flur! The batter had been t runny, causing the ckies t spread ut. I quickly mixed in the flur and spned the batter nt a new ckie sheet. This time, I watched carefully as they rse and brwned in the ven. The sweet arma filled the kitchen, and my heart beat with excitement. I culdn’t wait t shw my family what I had accmplished. Caleb sneaked in and raised his eyebrws, but this time, I just smiled cnfidently.
Paragraph 2:
I brught a plate f ckies int the living rm fr my parents. They lked surprised and delighted. “These are…yurs?” Mm asked, taking a cautius bite. “They’re…amazing!” She smiled, and Dad ndded in agreement. Caleb sat n the cuch, a ckie in his hand, and his face betrayed a hint f pride. “I tld yu she culd d it,” he said with a grin. I beamed, feeling a sense f accmplishment wash ver me. I had prved myself, nt just t my family but t myself. Frm that day n, n ne dubted my baking skills again.
解析：本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者决心自己做饼干，尽管以前从未尝试过烘焙，但想到朋友埃米已经自己烤了一年的纸杯蛋糕，所以作者决心要证明自己能做到。一开始哥哥还嘲笑作者，作者也不顺利，幸好最后作者慢慢摸索终于做出了饼干，得到了家人的好评。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我拿起指南，不知道哪里出了问题”可知，第一段可描写作者发现问题，并按照说明成功做出蛋糕。
②由第二段首句内容“我带了一盘饼干到客厅给我的父母”可知，第二段可描写作者把做好的饼干拿给家人品尝，得到了家人的认可。
2.续写线索：饼干出错—重新尝试—制作成功—作者兴奋开心—家人品尝—得到赞美—作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①导致：cause/lead t
②溜进来：sneak in/slide in
③成就：accmplish/achieve
情绪类
①惊讶的：surprised /astnished
②高兴的：delighted /glad
[高分句型1] This time, I watched carefully as they rse and brwned in the ven. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] I culdn’t wait t shw my family what I had accmplished. (运用了what引导宾语从句)