辽宁省锦州市2024届高三下学期4月质量检测（一模）英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份辽宁省锦州市2024届高三下学期4月质量检测（一模）英语试卷(含答案)，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Tp 4 must-see ancient villages in Beijing
Beijing is a wrld-famus histrical and cultural city with a histry f mre than 3, 000 years. The rich and prfund ancient village culture fund in and arund the city remains an imprtant part f the capital’s histry and culture. Belw we recmmend 4 must-see ancient villages in the Beijing area as the 2024 May Day hliday appraches. Lingshui village
Lcated in the nrthwest f Mentugu district, Lingshui village was frmed in the Lia and Jin dynasties. The ancient dwellings in Lingshui village are a mdel f rural residential buildings during the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368-1911) in nrtherm China, and their riginal appearance is well preserved. Turists can explre ver 120 flk huses, alngside many cultural relics in the village. Shuiyu village
Shuiyu village is in Fangshan district. The village was built during the Ming and Qing dynasties. With 600 huses and mre than 100 sets f curtyard huses frm the Ming and Qing dynasties, the riginal cultural eclgy f the village has been well maintained. Facing bth nrth and suth, the village is laid ut in a circular shape, frming a unique architectural style. Sangyu village
Sangyu village lies in the nrth f Mentugu district, Beijing, next t Lingshui village. Prir t the Ming dynasty (1368-1644) , Sangyu village was called Sanyu r “encuntering” in English, named fr the three water channels that meet in the village. Dense mulberry tree frests surrund the entire village, and when they bear fruit, purple mulberries light up the village valley. Malan village
Malan village, which means “hrse stable” in English, had a histry f keeping hrses that dates back t the Ming dynasty. The ancient buildings in Malan village are made f stne and mud. When building and repairing huses in the village, peple try their best t maintain their riginal appearance. There is als an exhibitin hall, a rw f ld huses, as well as 12 gate bridges in the the village.
1．Which village is designed rund accrding t the text?
A. Lingshui village.B. Shuiyu village.
C. Sangyu village.D. Malan village.
2．What des Lingshui village and Malan village have in cmmn?
A. They are mdels f rural buildings.
B. The huses are made f stnes and mud.
C. Their riginal appearance are well maintained.
D. They were built during the Ming and Qing dynasties.
3．Frm which clumn f a newspaper can this passage prbably be taken?
A. Nature.B. Agriculture.C. Gegraphy.D. Turism.
Defeating Daniil Medvedev in New Yrk n Sunday, Djkvic, ne f the greatest tennis player, bagging 24 Grand Slam (大满贯) singles titles, equalized the recrd held by Australian Margaret Curt, the same number f singles titles in the all-time cunt.
With the victry, Djkvic became the ldest US Open men’s singles champin in the Open Era. In ttal, he has 10 Australian Opens, seven Wimbledns, fur US Opens and three Rland Garrs titles, making him the nly man t win all fur majrs at least three times. “When I realized that, I started t dream new dreams and set new gals. I never imagined that I wuld be here talking abut 24 Slams,” he said afterwards.
Djkvic reached all finals in the Grand Slams in 2023, and the nly lss was at Wimbledn, when Carls Alcaraz f Spain, 20, brught hme the champin after an intense battle lasting fur hurs and 43 minutes.
Djkvic, at 36, shws few signs f lsing physical edge. He stays healthy, keeps exceptinal skills and always desires t win mre. Capturing his first Grand Slam in 2008, Djkvic bagged half f his 24 majr titles after he turned 30.
“One f the biggest lessns I have learned prbably mentally thrughut my career is that even if yu find a frmula (方案) that wrks, it’s nt a guarantee, and actually mst likely it’s nt ging t wrk the next year, s I keep reinventing myself and always trying t find better ways t win,” said Djkvic.
Fr Djkvic, wh always gets tugh when the ging gets tugh, 24 is just a number that he can g beynd. “I’ll cntinue t priritize Grand Slams as my mst imprtant turnaments and where I want t play the best tennis. That will stay the same in the next seasn, r I dn’t knw hw many mre seasns I have in my legs,” he added, “S, let’s see.”
4．What des the underlined wrd “equalized” in the first paragraph prbably mean?
A. Set.B. Brke.C. Levelled.D. Apprached.
5．What can we knw abut Djkvic accrding t the passage?
A. He wn 12 Grand Slams in his thirties.
B. He wn all the finals in the Grand Slams in 2023.
C. He attached the same imprtance t all the matches.
D. He is the ldest men’s singles champin in the pen era.
6．What seems the “secret” f Djkvic’s great achievement?
A. Lsing physical edge.B. Attending mre Grand Slams.
C. Fllwing a gd frmula.D. Finding flexible and prper strategies.
7．Which f the fllwing can best describe Djkvic?
A. Cnfident and emtinal.B. Ambitius and devted.
C. Aggressive and stubbrn.D. Enthusiastic and generus.
If yu lk at the dynamic “Glbal Temperatures” map n NASA’s website, yu can see the histric temperature change ver time acrss the planet as the timeline ges frm 1880 t the mdern day. By 2019, the entire planet is in red, range, and yellw clrs, indicating temperatures much higher than the histrical average in every cuntry and human inhabitance.
If the timeline went t 2023, the map wuld lk even wrse. That’s because the summer f 2023 was the httest ever, accrding t cean mnitrs. July was the httest mnth in recrded histry. Next July culd be wrse. Unless we d smething quickly, we face dealing with mre and mre dangerus and expensive natural disasters in the future.
Frest fires sent smke frm Canada acrss the Nrth American cntinent, causing New Yrk City t have the wrst air quality in its recrded histry. Heavy rainstrms fell n Vermnt and the Nrtheastern United States in just a cuple f days in the middle f July, which exceeded the amunt that area wuld usually receive in tw mnths and caused extreme damage t hmes and businesses. Arund the same time, flash flding in Bucks Cunty, Pennsylvania — nrth f Philadelphia — killed nearly a dzen peple.
Erich Fischer, a researcher specializing in climate studies at the Swiss Federal Institute f Technlgy, is cncerned that natural disasters culd get much wrse in the future—and in ways we cannt predict. He called fr a “strike fr climate justice,” which actually tk place n Sept. 15, 2023. “The strategy needs t be twfld (双重的) . We need t decrease carbn emissins as much as realistically pssible. That is already happening with peple using electric cars and ther green technlgies. At the same time, we als need t find ways t predict the risk f natural disasters ahead f time,” said Erich Fischer.
8．Why des the writer mentin the data n NASA’s website in paragraph 1?
A. T explain a cncept.B. T intrduce a tpic.
C. T prvide a slutin.D. T make a predictin.
9．What des the third paragraph mainly tell us?
A. The severity f natural disasters.B. The wrst air quality in New Yrk City.
C. The extreme damage by flash flding.D. The cause f the frests fires in Canada.
10．What did Erich Fischer suggest t deal with the current situatin?
A. He advcated a twfld strategy.
B. He suggested frbidding carbn emissins.
C. He required peple t use mre electric cars.
D. He emphasized the awareness f climate changes.
11．What is the best title fr the text?
A. The Httest Mnth in HistryB. Natural Disasters in the Wrld
C. Extreme Weather Culd Get WrseD. Green Technlgy Wuld be Needed
Researchers frm Sweden and the United Kingdm teamed up t find ut the answer t a questin practically every persn has thught at ne time r anther: What is the best smell ut there?
The cperative study between Sweden’s Karlinska Institute and the University f Oxfrd fund that peple share similar preferences when it cmes t smell, regardless f cultural backgrund. And accrding t the results, vanilla (香草) is the mst pleasing smell arund.
Artin Arshamian, ne f the study’s authrs, said humans may have similar lfactry (嗅觉的) preferences because they helped early humans survive. Simply put, humans likely enjy many f the same smells, mre ften than nt, because f a deep-rted sense that an item is safe t eat.
“We wanted t examine if peple arund the wrld have the same smell perceptin (感知) and like the same types f dr, r whether this is smething that is culturally learned,” Arshamian said.
In fact, researchers had expected culture played a significantly larger rle in the results. The experiment requested 225 participants frm nine nn-Western diverse cultures, including individuals frm cmmunities with little cntact with the Western wrld, t participate in the study. Surprisingly, scientists fund that a participant’s culture nly accunted fr 6% f the difference in the findings.
A less shcking revelatin was that persnal preference came int cnsideratin 54% f the time. This explains why, as referenced in the study’s results, a dish such as fermented herring (发酵鲱鱼) may be appetizing t sme yet interpreted as the mst terrible smell in the wrld t thers.
“Nw we knw that there’s a universal dr perceptin that is driven by mlecular structure and that explains why we like r dislike a certain smell,” Arshamian said. “The next step is t study why this is s by linking this knwledge t what happens in the brain when we smell a particular dr.”
12．What might affect early humans’ smells preferences mst?
A. The desire t live.B. The cultural backgrund.
C. The smell f vanilla.D. The lve fr delicius fd.
13．Why were 225 nn-Western participants invited in the study?
A. T intrduce the imprtance f smells.
B. T test researchers’ predictin fr the study.
C. T d experiment in a wider gegraphical regins.
D. T prve culture is nt cncerned with smell perceptin.
14．Why is vanilla the mst pleasant smell fr peple accrding t Artin Arshamian?
A. Because f its ppularity.B. Because f human instinct.
C. Because f its widespread use.D. Because f the mlecular structure.
15．What can we infer frm the text?
A. Vanilla is a pleasant smell t girls.B. Humans have a deep cultural rt.
C. The study will be further carried ut.D. Eatable items decide smell preference.
二、七选五
16．Fr anyne wh has exercised fr sme purpses, yu prbably have experienced disappintment and even a sense f lack f fulfillment. ① _________ Belw are just sme f the many reasns why yu shuld exercise every day.
② _________
One f the biggest reasns is that it helps in weight lss. Exercising every day helps yu burn a lt f calries. It als helps in tning (调整) yur bdy and giving it a better appearance.
Regular exercise gives yu better sleep quality
Sleep is very imprtant because it enables yur minds t rest fr a while and this helps yu reenergize. Hwever, while yu may be able t sleep, the quality f sleep yu get might nt always be the best. ③ _________ It helps yu increase yur bdy’s physical activity s that yu fall asleep faster and even mre sundly.
Regular exercise increases yur endurance
Exercising regularly will make it easier fr yu t wrk harder fr a lnger perid withut feeling fatigued. Whenever yu’re under physically stressful circumstances, it’s nly natural fr yur bdies t get tired because there is a shrtage in the amunt f xygen that fuels yur muscles. ④ _________
Exercising every day increases yur brain functin
When yu exercise daily, yu are able t bst the pwer f yur brain and yur memry. ⑤ _________ The best part is that fr yu t achieve this, yu dn’t have t d tugh exercises ut there. Yu can just d mderate r light nes and achieve the same.
A. Regular exercise helps yu lse weight.
B. Exercising every day can help with this.
C. This lessens yur chances f falling int depressin.
D. Sme peple lk at it as hard wrk because it gets yu all tired.
E. Exercise, therefre, enables yur muscles t get the fuel they need.
F. Reminding yurself f its benefits, hwever, will help yu stay mtivated.
G. It bsts yur ability t recall mre things r events as it makes yur neurns healthier.
三、完形填空（15空）
When Alexa culdn’t crawl, stand r walk as a baby, her mther sensed that smething was wrng. 1 , dctrs tld her nt t wrry— perhaps Alexa was just a “lazy baby”. After seeing a specialist, thugh, Alexa was diagnsed with a rare disease called spinal muscular atrphy (SMA), which affects the central nervus system and the 2 in the bdy.
Thrughut Alexa’s childhd and adlescence, there were n 3 medicines t treat SMA. Her muscles cntinued t weaken ver time. But Alexa was utging and lved t exercise her 4 thrugh pretend play and perfrming. This adventurus spirit led her t wrk as a child 5 , appearing in mvies, televisin shws and cmmercials.
With hard wrk, determinatin and curage—nt t 6 plenty f supprt frm her lved nes — Alexa graduated frm high schl, and attended a law schl. While in law schl, her symptms became especially 7 . She nticed that it was becming mre difficult t 8 her hands and mve her fingers. Arund that same time, she 9 an experimental drug fr SMA that was in clinical trials. She started 10 t learn as much as she culd abut this pssible medicine and what it might d fr her. Finally she received the first-ever apprved treatment t 11 the prgressin f her disease.
Nw, Alexa wrks as an entertainment lawyer fr a Hllywd prductin cmpany. Althugh Alexa desn’t let her SMA define her, it has certainly 12 wh she is tday: ptimistic, curageus and 13 . The limitatins SMA places n her have been a (n) 14 , but they’ve als 15 as a mtivatr, leading Alexa t get as much ut f life as she can.
17．A. InitiallyB. GraduallyC. ApparentlyD. Eventually
18．A. bnesB. cellsC. musclesD. bld
19．A. previusB. availableC. sufficientD. affrdable
20．A. bdyB. pwerC. languageD. imaginatin
21．A. lawyerB. prducerC. actrD. authr
22．A. mentinB. explainC. argueD. cmplain
23．A. tiresmeB. wrrismeC. terrificD. fantastic
24．A. liftB. waveC. swingD. shake
25．A. tried utB. talked abutC. heard abutD. tested ut
26．A. claimingB. admiringC. researchingD. fighting
27．A. cureB. speedC. stpD. slw
28．A. shapedB. affectedC. rememberedD. realized
29．A. cnsiderateB. determinedC. sympatheticD. generus
30．A. cnsequenceB. threatC. bjectD. bstacle
31．A. peratedB. indicatedC. experiencedD. functined
四、短文填空
32．Human beings are scial and need thers arund t keep them sane (神志正常的) and① _________ (prduce). Over the years scientists② _________ (cnduct) studies int lives f pet wners and repeatedly cme③ _________ the cnclusin that they have better health than nn-pet wners.
In a recent scientific study cnducted at the Jhns Hpkins Children’s Center, ④ _________ was fund that man’s best friend, the dg, may actually lead t imprved mental health as children⑤ _________ have pet dgs reduce the chance f them⑥ _________ (develp) schizphrenia (精神分裂症) as an adult. Cmpaninship and emtinal health have always been assciated with having a dg as a pet, and this research takes it ne step⑦ _________ (far).
Children wh⑧ _________ (expse) t pets at a yung age develp better immunity and the research is trying t prve that this helps them later in life t avid develping⑨ _________ (ill) such as schizphrenia r biplar (双向型障碍的) disrder. Nw yu knw the best gift fr yur child is⑩ _________ fur baby!
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，你校英语协会正在筹备中外学生篮球联谊赛，现需要一名精通双语且具有一定篮球知识的裁判。请你给负责人写一封邮件申请做裁判，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；2. 个人优势；3. 能做的事。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：篮球联谊赛 basketball friendship match; 双语裁判员 bilingual referee
Dear Sir r Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One Friday afternn, sme f my classmates planned t take a hike in a jungle(丛林), including my friends Jake and Liam. They asked me if I wuld like t g with them. I lve utdr activities, s I immediately said yes.
It was sunny the fllwing mrning. I was in a very gd md. I was s excited abut hiking since it was the first time that I had hiked with them. I ate a light breakfast. After that, I hurriedly ran ut f my huse t meet them in the schl playgrund.
The jungle where we were ging was far frm ur schl. It tk abut three hurs t g there by bus, but it wasn’t a bring jurney as we were all eager t hike. After we gt ff the bus, we fund a lcal guide t ensure ur safety. The guide, whse name is Thmas, said that he had hiked there lts f times and that he was familiar with the rute. When we arrived, Thmas tld us never t leave the grup. He warned us that we wuld easily get lst in the jungle if we walked alne. Then we began t hike.
There were varius plants which we had never seen befre. All f us were amazed at the beauty f the scenery and the sunds f the creatures. Sadly, after hiking fr abut an hur, I fund that my watch n my wrist was gne. I realized that my watch had fallen ff. It was a gift frm my grandma, and I lved it very much. Withut thinking, I turned back and tried t find my watch. Since I was the last ne walking in the grup, nbdy nticed it when I walked away.
I wasn’t wrried abut getting lst because I thught I culd find my watch easily. Hwever, when I finally fund my watch and tried t catch up with my friends, they had gne far. I immediately realized that I was alne and lst.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
The sky started t becme darker and I was very wrried.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Actually, they were rescuers searching fr me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Shuiyu village 部分中的“Facing bth nrth and suth, the village is laid ut in a circular shape, frming a unique architectural style.(村子面南朝北，呈圆形布局，形成独特的建筑风格。)”可是，水峪村呈圆形布局。故选B项。
2．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Lingshui village部分中的“The ancient dwellings in Lingshui village are a mdel f rural residential buildings during the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368-1911) in nrtherm China, and their riginal appearance is well preserved.(灵水村的古民居是中国北方明清时期(1368-1911)农村民居的典范，其原貌保存完好。)”可知，灵水村是中国北方明清时期农村民居的典范，其原貌保存完好，结合Malan village部分中的“When building and repairing huses in the village, peple try their best t maintain their riginal appearance.(在村里修建和修缮房屋时，人们都尽量保持房屋的原貌。)”可知，马兰村人们在修缮房屋时，尽量保持房屋的原貌，由此可知，灵水村和马兰村的共同之处在于它们的原貌保持得很好。故选C项。
3．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据首段中的“Belw we recmmend 4 must-see ancient villages in the Beijing area as the 2024 May Day hliday appraches.(随着2024年“五一”假期的临近，下面我们为您推荐北京地区必去的4个古村落。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是2024年“五一”假期给人们推荐北京必去的四个古村落，由此可知，文章应选自于报纸的旅游栏目。故选D项。
4．答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据划线单词前的“Defeating Daniil Medvedev in New Yrk n Sunday, Djkvic, ne f the greatest tennis player, bagging 24 Grand Slam (大满贯) singles titles(周日，德约科维奇在纽约击败了丹尼尔·梅德韦杰夫，这位最伟大的网球运动员之一，获得了24个大满贯单打冠军)”可知，德约科维奇是最伟大的网球运动员之一，获得了24个大满贯，结合下文中的“the recrd held by Australian Margaret Curt, the same number f singles titles in the all-time cunt.(澳大利亚人玛格丽特·考特保持的记录，在历史上获得单打冠军的次数相同。)”可知，此处讲述的是德约科维奇大满贯获得的单打冠军的次数与澳大利亚人玛格丽特·考特保持的记录数相同，由此可知，划线单词的意思应与“等同于”意义相近。故选C项。
5．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Capturing his first Grand Slam in 2008, Djkvic bagged half f his 24 majr titles after he turned 30.(2008年，德约科维奇获得了他的第一个大满贯，在他30岁之后，他获得了24个大满贯中的一半。)”可知，德约科维奇获得了24个大满贯冠军，其中30岁以后获得了其中的一半，由此可知，在他三十多岁获得了12个大满贯冠军。故选A项。
6．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的““One f the biggest lessns I have learned prbably mentally thrughut my career is that even if yu find a frmula (方案) that wrks, it’s nt a guarantee, and actually mst likely it’s nt ging t wrk the next year, s I keep reinventing myself and always trying t find better ways t win,” said Djkvic.(德约科维奇说：“在我的整个职业生涯中，我学到的最重要的一课可能是，即使你找到了一个有效的方案，也不能保证它是有效的，实际上很可能明年它也不会有效，所以我不断地改造自己，总是试图找到更好的方法来赢得比赛。”)”可知，德约科维奇认为，任何一种有效的方案都不能保证以后还会有效，所以他在不断地改变试图找到更好的方法赢得比赛，由此可知，德约科维奇成功的秘诀在于寻找灵活和适当的方案。故选D项。
7．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据尾段中的““I’ll cntinue t priritize Grand Slams as my mst imprtant turnaments and where I want t play the best tennis. That will stay the same in the next seasn, r I dn’t knw hw many mre seasns I have in my legs,” he added, “S, let’s see.”(“我将继续把大满贯作为我最重要的比赛，我想在那里打出最好的网球。下个赛季会保持不变，或者我不知道我的腿还能打几个赛季，”他补充道，“所以，让我们看看。”)”可知，德约科维奇将把大满贯作为最重要的比赛，希望在那里打出最好的网球，说明他很有雄心，同时他表示下个赛季保持不变，尽管不知道自己还能打几个赛季，但是他仍旧让人们拭目以待，由此可知，他非常的热衷于网球，由以上可知，德约科维奇是一个有雄心且热衷于网球的人。故选B项。
8．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“If yu lk at the dynamic “Glbal Temperatures” map n NASA’s website, yu can see the histric temperature change ver time acrss the planet as the timeline ges frm 1880 t the mdern day. By 2019, the entire planet is in red, range, and yellw clrs, indicating temperatures much higher than the histrical average in every cuntry and human inhabitance.(如果你在美国国家航空航天局的网站上看一下动态的“全球温度”地图，你可以看到从1880年到现在，地球上的历史温度随时间变化。到2019年，整个地球都变成了红色、橙色和黄色，这表明每个国家和人类居住的温度都远高于历史平均水平)”可知，作者在文章开头提到了NASA网站上的数据，是为了引出本文要讨论的主题，即全球气候变化和极端天气的影响。故选B项。
9．答案：A
解析：主旨大意题，根据第三段“Frest fires sent smke frm Canada acrss the Nrth American cntinent, causing New Yrk City t have the wrst air quality in its recrded histry. Heavy rainstrms fell n Vermnt and the Nrtheastern United States in just a cuple f days in the middle f July, which exceeded the amunt that area wuld usually receive in tw mnths and caused extreme damage t hmes and businesses. Arund the same time, flash flding in Bucks Cunty, Pennsylvania —nrth f Philadelphia —killed nearly a dzen peple.(森林大火将烟雾从加拿大带到整个北美大陆，导致纽约市的空气质量达到有记录以来最差的水平。7月中旬，佛蒙特州和美国东北部地区在短短几天内遭遇强降雨，超过了该地区通常两个月的降雨量，对房屋和企业造成了严重破坏。大约在同一时间，费城以北的宾夕法尼亚州巴克斯县发生了山洪暴发，造成近12人死亡)”可知，本段主要讲述的是自然灾害的严重性，包括森林火灾和暴雨等，给人类带来了巨大的灾害和损失。故选A项。
10．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Erich Fischer, a researcher specializing in climate studies at the Swiss Federal Institute f Technlgy, is cncerned that natural disasters culd get much wrse in the future—and in ways we cannt predict. He called fr a “strike fr climate justice,” which actually tk place n Sept. 15, 2023. “The strategy needs t be twfld (双重的) . We need t decrease carbn emissins as much as realistically pssible. That is already happening with peple using electric cars and ther green technlgies. At the same time, we als need t find ways t predict the risk f natural disasters ahead f time,” said Erich Fischer.(瑞士联邦理工学院专门从事气候研究的研究员埃里希·菲舍尔(Erich Fischer)担心，未来自然灾害可能会以我们无法预测的方式变得更加严重。他呼吁“为气候正义罢工”，这实际上是在2023年9月15日发生的。“战略需要是双重的。我们需要尽可能地减少碳排放。这已经发生在使用电动汽车和其他绿色技术的人们身上。与此同时，我们还需要找到提前预测自然灾害风险的方法。”)”可知，Erich Fischer提出了一个双重策略来解决当前的问题，即一方面要尽可能地减少碳排放，另一方面需要找到预测自然灾害风险的方法。故选A项。
11．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“If yu lk at the dynamic “Glbal Temperatures” map n NASA’s website, yu can see the histric temperature change ver time acrss the planet as the timeline ges frm 1880 t the mdern day. By 2019, the entire planet is in red, range, and yellw clrs, indicating temperatures much higher than the histrical average in every cuntry and human inhabitance.(如果你在美国国家航空航天局的网站上看一下动态的“全球温度”地图，你可以看到从1880年到现在，地球上的历史温度随时间的变化。到2019年，整个地球都变成了红色、橙色和黄色，这表明每个国家和人类居住的温度都远高于历史平均水平)”以及纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了极端天气可能变得更糟，所以C项“Extreme Weather Culd Get Wrse(极端天气可能变得更糟)”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。
12．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Artin Arshamian, ne f the study’s authrs, said humans may have similar lfactry (嗅觉的) preferences because they helped early humans survive.(该研究的作者之一Artin Arshamian说，人类可能有类似的嗅觉偏好，因为它们帮助早期人类生存。)”可知，人类之所以有类似的嗅觉偏好，是因为这一偏好帮助早期人类生存，结合下文中的“Simply put, humans likely enjy many f the same smells, mre ften than nt, because f a deep-rted sense that an item is safe t eat.(简单地说，人类可能喜欢许多相同的气味，往往是因为一种根深蒂固的感觉，即某种食物可以安全食用。)”可知，人类喜欢许多相同的气味，因为一种根深蒂固的感觉，即某种食物可以安全食用，综上信息可知，对早期人类的气味偏好影响最大的是对生存的渴望。故选A项。
13．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In fact, researchers had expected culture played a significantly larger rle in the results. The experiment requested 225 participants frm nine nn-Western diverse cultures, including individuals frm cmmunities with little cntact with the Western wrld, t participate in the study.(事实上，研究人员预计文化在结果中发挥了更大的作用。该实验邀请了来自9个非西方多元文化的225名参与者参与研究，其中包括来自与西方世界接触较少的社区的个人。)”可知，研究人员预计文化在结果中发挥了更大的作用，所以邀请了225名非西方参与者参与研究，由此可知，邀请225名非西方参与者参与这项研究的原因是为了验证研究人员对该项研究的预测。故选B项。
14．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And accrding t the results, vanilla (香草) is the mst pleasing smell arund.(根据研究结果，香草是周围最令人愉悦的气味。)”以及尾段中的““Nw we knw that there’s a universal dr perceptin that is driven by mlecular structure and that explains why we like r dislike a certain smell,” Arshamian said.( Arshamian说：“现在我们知道，分子结构驱动着一种普遍的气味感知，这就解释了为什么我们喜欢或不喜欢某种气味。”)”可知，Arshamian认为分子结构驱动着一种普遍的气味感知，这解释了我们喜欢或者不喜欢某种气味的原因，由此可知，香草是人们最喜欢的气味是因为分子结构。故选D项。
15．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据尾段““Nw we knw that there’s a universal dr perceptin that is driven by mlecular structure and that explains why we like r dislike a certain smell,” Arshamian said. “The next step is t study why this is s by linking this knwledge t what happens in the brain when we smell a particular dr.”(“现在我们知道，分子结构驱动着一种普遍的气味感知，这就解释了为什么我们喜欢或不喜欢某种气味。” Arshamian说，“下一步是通过将这些知识与我们闻到特定气味时大脑中发生的事情联系起来，研究为什么会这样。”)”可知，Arshamian认为人们喜欢或者不喜欢某种气味的原因在于分子结构的驱动，下一步他们将要研究为什么会是这样的，由此可知，这项研究将进一步进行。故选C项。
16．答案：①-⑤FABEG
解析：①根据空前的“Fr anyne wh has exercised fr sme purpses, yu prbably have experienced disappintment and even a sense f lack f fulfillment.(对于任何为了某种目的而锻炼的人来说，你可能都经历过失望，甚至缺乏成就感。)”可知，对于任何有目的锻炼的人来说都经历过失望，结合空后的“Belw are just sme f the many reasns why yu shuld exercise every day.(以下只是你应该每天锻炼的一些原因。)”可知，下文讲述的是每天应该坚持锻炼的原因，由此可知，此空应为过渡句，从锻炼无果到继续坚持锻炼，此空处与上文为转折关系，F选项“Reminding yurself f its benefits, hwever, will help yu stay mtivated.”（然而，提醒自己它的好处会帮助你保持动力）中的hwever可知，与上文为转折关系，且讲述的内容与空后内容吻合。故选F项。
②分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，结合下文中段落的主题句为锻炼的好处可知，此处应为锻炼的好处，结合空后的“One f the biggest reasns is that it helps in weight lss.(其中一个最大的原因是它有助于减肥。)”可知，本段讲述的是锻炼可以减肥，A选项“Regular exercise helps yu lse weight.(有规律的运动有助于减肥。)”讲述的内容与减肥相关，且概括本段的主题，符合语境。故选A项。
③根据本段的主题句“Regular exercise gives yu better sleep quality(有规律的锻炼能提高你的睡眠质量)”可知，本段讲述的内容与锻炼可以提高睡眠质量相关，根据空前的“Hwever, while yu may be able t sleep, the quality f sleep yu get might nt always be the best.”可知，尽管可以入睡，但是睡眠质量未必是最好的，结合空后的“It helps yu increase yur bdy’s physical activity s that yu fall asleep faster and even mre sundly.(它可以帮助你增加身体的活动，这样你就能更快、更安稳地入睡。)”可知，空处应讲述的是锻炼能帮助提高睡眠质量，B选项“Exercising every day can help with this.(每天锻炼可以帮助解决这个问题。)”中的this指代的内容应为上文中的提到的“可以入睡，但是睡眠质量未必总是很好”这一问题，且与空后的内容吻合。故选B项。
④根据空前的“Whenever yu’re under physically stressful circumstances, it’s nly natural fr yur bdies t get tired because there is a shrtage in the amunt f xygen that fuels yur muscles.(当你处于身体压力的情况下，你的身体感到疲劳是很自然的，因为为你的肌肉提供燃料的氧气量不足。)”可知，当处于身体压力情况下，为肌肉提供燃料的氧气量不足，E选项“Exercise, therefre, enables yur muscles t get the fuel they need.(因此，运动可以使你的肌肉获得所需的能量。)”可知，锻炼可以使肌肉获得所需的燃料，解决了空前所涉及的问题，符合语境，其中的fuel为解题的关键信息。故选E项。
⑤根据本段的主题句“Exercising every day increases yur brain functin(每天锻炼可以增强你的大脑功能)”可知，本段讲述的是锻炼对大脑功能有好处，结合上文中的“When yu exercise daily, yu are able t bst the pwer f yur brain and yur memry.(当你每天锻炼时，你就能增强你的大脑和记忆力。)”可知，每天锻炼能增强大脑和记忆力，G选项“It bsts yur ability t recall mre things r events as it makes yur neurns healthier.(它能提高你回忆更多事物或事件的能力，因为它能让你的神经元更健康。)”介绍了增强大脑和记忆力带来的影响，其中的it指代的内容为上文中的“增强大脑和记忆力”，且与本段的主题句内容吻合。故选G项。
17．答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，医生告诉她不要担心——也许Alexa只是一个“懒惰的孩子”。A. Initially最初；B. Gradually逐渐地；C. Apparently显然；D. Eventually最终。根据下文中的“After seeing a specialist, thugh, Alexa was diagnsed with a rare disease called spinal muscular atrphy (SMA)”可知，后来专家看后，发现Alexa患上了一种称为SMA的罕见疾病，结合“dctrs tld her nt t wrry— perhaps Alexa was just a “lazy baby”.”可知，医生告诉Alexa的妈妈不要担心，由此可知，此处应为“起初”符合逻辑。故选A项。
18．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在看了专家之后，Alexa被诊断出患有一种名为脊髓性肌萎缩症(SMA)的罕见疾病，这种疾病会影响中枢神经系统和身体的肌肉。A. bnes骨头；B. cells细胞；C. muscles肌肉；D. bld血液。根据下文中的“After seeing a specialist, thugh, Alexa was diagnsed with a rare disease called spinal muscular atrphy (SMA)”可知，Alexa后来被诊断患上了一种名为脊髓性肌萎缩症，由此可知，此处指的是这种疾病影响身体的“肌肉”符合语境。故选C项。
19．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在Alexa的整个童年和青春期，没有可用的药物来治疗SMA。A. previus以前的；B. available可得到的；C. sufficient足够的；D. affrdable付得起的。根据上文中的“Her muscles cntinued t weaken ver time.”可知，他的肌肉持续萎缩，由此可推断，此处指的是他的整个童年和青春期没有“可用的”药物来治疗该疾病。故选B项。
20．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Alexa很外向，喜欢通过假装游戏和表演来锻炼她的想象力。A. bdy身体；B. pwer力量；C. language语言；D. imaginatin想象。根据常识以及下文中的“thrugh pretend play and perfrming.”可知，Alexa喜欢假装游戏和表演，由此可知，通过假装游戏和表演可以锻炼她的“想象力”。故选D项。
21．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种冒险精神使她成为一名儿童演员，出现在电影、电视节目和广告中。A. lawyer律师；B. prducer制造商；C. actr演员；D. authr作者。Alexa喜欢通过假装游戏和表演来锻炼她的想象力，由此可推断，此处指的是这使她成为一名儿童“演员”符合语境。故选C项。
22．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：凭借努力、决心和勇气——更不用说她所爱的人的大力支持——Alexa从高中毕业，进入了法学院。A. mentin提到；B. explain解释；C. argue争辩；D. cmplain抱怨。根据上文中的“With hard wrk, determinatin and curage”以及下文中的“plenty f supprt frm her lved nes”可知，此处指的是Alexa凭借着努力、决心和勇气以及她所爱的人的大力支持，从高中毕业，所以此处应为“更不用说”符合语境，nt t mentin意为“更不必说”。故选A项。
23．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在法学院期间，她的症状变得特别令人担忧。A. tiresme令人厌烦的；B. wrrisme令人担忧的；C. terrific极好的；D. fantastic非常棒的。Alexa注意到自己的手指都不能动，由此可知，此处表示的是他的症状变得特别“令人担忧”符合语境。故选B项。
24．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她注意到抬起手和移动手指变得越来越困难了。A. lift抬起；B. wave挥动；C. swing摇摆；D. shake摇动。根据上文的“She nticed that it was becming mre difficult”以及“and mve her fingers”可知，后来他发现自己移动手指越来越困难，此处与“移动手指”为并列关系，由此可知，此处应指的是“抬起”手，符合语境。故选A项。
25．答案：C
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：大约在同一时间，她听说一种治疗SMA的实验性药物正在临床试验中。A. tried ut试用，尝试；B. talked abut讨论；C. heard abut听说；D. tested ut测试。根据下文中的“an experimental drug fr SMA that was in clinical trials.”可知，一种治疗SMA的实验性药物正在临床试验中，结合语境可推断，此处应表示“听说”符合语境。故选C项。
26．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始研究，尽可能多地了解这种可能的药物，以及它可能对她有什么帮助。A. claiming宣称；B. admiring羡慕，欣赏；C. researching研究；D. fighting战斗。根据下文中的“t learn as much as she culd abut this pssible medicine and what it might d fr her.”可知，Alexa尽可能多地了解这种可能的药物，以及它可能对她有什么帮助，由此可知，此处应表示开始“研究”符合语境。故选C项。
27．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，她接受了有史以来第一次被批准的治疗，以减缓疾病的进展。A. cure治愈；B. speed加速；C. stp停止，阻止；D. slw减缓。根据上文中的“Finally she received the first-ever apprved treatment”可知，最后他接受了有史以来第一次被批准的治疗，结合常识以及下文中的“the prgressin f her disease”可知，此处应指的是治疗的目的为“减缓”疾病的进展。故选D项。
28．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然Alexa没有让SMA定义她，但它确实塑造了今天的她:乐观、勇敢、坚定。A. shaped塑造；B. affected影响；C. remembered记住；D. realized意识到。根据下文中的“wh she is tday: ptimistic, curageus”可知，此处都是Alexa现在的品质，由此可推断，此处应为“塑造”了今天的她。故选A项。
29．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然Alexa没有让SMA定义她，但它确实塑造了今天的她:乐观、勇敢、坚定。A. cnsiderate体贴的；B. determined意志坚定的；C. sympathetic有同情心的；D. generus慷慨的。根据语境以及上文中的“With hard wrk, determinatin and curage…”可知，Alexa患上罕见疾病后并没有被疾病打倒，反而是通过努力、决心和勇气中学毕业并进入法学院，由此可知，此处应是“意志坚定的”符合语境。故选B项。
30．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：SMA给她设置的限制是一个障碍，但它们也起到了激励作用，使Alexa尽可能多地从生活中获得东西。A. cnsequence后果，结果；B. threat威胁；C. bject客观事物；D. bstacle障碍。根据上文中的“The limitatins SMA places n her”可知，SMA给Alexa设置了限制，也就是给他设置了一个“障碍”。故选D项。
31．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：SMA给她设置的限制是一个障碍，但它们也起到了激励作用，使Alexa尽可能多地从生活中获得东西。A. perated操作，做手术；B. indicated暗示，表明；C. experienced体验，经历；D. functined起作用，运转。根据下文中的“leading Alexa t get as much ut f life as she can.”可知，SMA给她设置的障碍使Alexa尽可能多地从生活中获得东西，由此可推断，此处指的是这些障碍也起到了激励作用，functin as意为“起……作用”。故选D项。
32．答案：①prductive②have cnducted③t④it⑤wh/that⑥develping⑦further⑧are expsed⑨illnesses⑩a
解析：①考查形容词。句意：人类是社会性的，需要周围的人使他们神志正常且富有生产力。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作宾补，与空前的sane为并列关系，prduct的形容词为prductive意为“富有生产力的”符合句意。故填prductive。
②考查谓语动词。句意：多年来，科学家们对养宠物的人的生活进行了研究，并一再得出结论：养宠物的人比不养宠物的人更健康。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据句意以及时间状语ver the years可知。此处应使用现在完成时，cnduct与句子主语scientists之间为主动关系，且主语为名词复数。故填have cnducted。
③考查介词。句意：多年来，科学家们对养宠物的人的生活进行了研究，并一再得出结论：养宠物的人比不养宠物的人更健康。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语cme t the cnclusin意为“得出结论”符合句意。故填t。
④考查代词。句意：最近在约翰霍普金斯儿童中心进行的一项科学研究发现，人类最好的朋友——狗——实际上可能会改善心理健康，因为养狗的孩子长大后患精神分裂症的概率会降低。分析句子结构可知，此处为that引导的主语从句作真正主语，所以此处应为it作形式主语指代主语从句的内容。故填it。
⑤考查定语从句。句意：最近在约翰霍普金斯儿童中心进行的一项科学研究发现，人类最好的朋友——狗——实际上可能会改善心理健康，因为养狗的孩子长大后患精神分裂症的概率会降低。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，且先行词children指的是人，所以此处使用关系代词wh或者that。故填wh/that。
⑥考查动名词。句意：最近在约翰霍普金斯儿童中心进行的一项科学研究发现，人类最好的朋友——狗——实际上可能会改善心理健康，因为养狗的孩子长大后患精神分裂症的概率会降低。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作介词f的宾语，所以此处使用动名词形式，且与逻辑主语them之间为主动关系。故填develping。
⑦考查比较级。句意：一直以来，陪伴和情感健康都与养狗有关，而这项研究则更进一步。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示“更进一步”应为further。故填further。
⑧考查谓语动词。句意：小时候接触宠物的孩子会有更好的免疫力，研究试图证明这有助于他们在以后的生活中避免患上精神分裂症或双向型障碍等疾病。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据主句的谓语动词develp以及句意可知，此处描述的是客观事实，所以此处使用一般现在时，expse与句子主语wh指代的先行词children之间为被动关系，且主语为名词复数。故填are expsed。
⑨考查名词。句意：小时候接触宠物的孩子会有更好的免疫力，研究试图证明这有助于他们在以后的生活中避免患上精神分裂症或双向型障碍等疾病。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，ill的名词为illness，根据句意以及下文中的“such as schizphrenia r biplar disrder”可知，此处指的是疾病的种类，且空前无限定词，所以此处使用名词复数形式。故填illnesses。
⑩考查冠词。句意：现在你知道给孩子最好的礼物是皮毛宝宝了吧！分析句子结构可知，baby为可数名词单数，其前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意可知，此处表示泛指意义，所以使用不定冠词，fur的首个音素为辅音，所以使用不定冠词a。故填a。
33．答案：
Dear Sir r Madam,
Hearing that yu are lking fr a bilingual referee f this basketball friendship match, I am writing t apply fr the psitin. I think I am qualified fr this psitin fr the fllwing reasns.
Firstly, I have been a vlunteer in ur schl sprts meetings and am very familiar with vlunteer wrk. Besides, I am prficient in English and Chinese and have mastered a lt f English expressins abut basketball. Lastly, I can slve the cnflicts between the tw sides well. I will ensure that the match is fair.
I am lking frward t hearing frm yu sn.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
解析：1.词汇积累
比赛：match →cmpetitin
适合：be qualified fr →be fit fr
此外：besides → what’s mre
精通：be prficient in →have a gd cmmand f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Lastly, I can slve the cnflicts between the tw sides well.
拓展句：Lastly, I can slve the cnflicts between the tw sides well, which I think is the mst imprtant.
【高分句型1】Hearing that yu are lking fr a bilingual referee f this basketball friendship match, I am writing t apply fr the psitin.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）
【高分句型2】I will ensure that the match is fair.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
34．答案： The sky started t becme darker and I was very wrried. I didn’t knw what t d. I called ut t my friends, but there was n reply. I tried t lk fr a way but nne f the scenes seemed familiar. I walked fr a few mre minutes and I gt tired and hungry s I gave up. I was hrrified. Finally, I gave up and leaned n a tree t rest. As I was falling asleep, I heard a human vice. It was unbelievable, then I heard smene else. I screamed, “Help!”
Actually, they were rescuers searching fr me. My friends Jack and Liam tld the guide that they fund I was lst, and finally sme rescuers were called t help. They led me back t the bus. Seeing me, my friends tld me they were really wrried. I aplgized t them fr leaving the grup withut telling them. Instead f feeling angry with me, they cmfrted me and helped me calm dwn t learn a gd lessn frm it. And I truly learned a gd lessn frm it-never leave yur grup members when yu’re in a strange place.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“天开始变黑了，我很担心”可知，第一段可描写作者在丛林中迷失，无助地靠在一棵大树旁等待救援的故事。
②由第二段首句内容“事实上，他们是在找我的救援人员”可知，第二段可描写作者获救后被带到公交车上，见到了同学们，决定以后再也不离开队伍。
2.续写线索：担心——呼救——疲倦——睡着——听见人声——获救——见到同学——道歉——以后决不离开队伍
3.词汇激活
行为类
①知道：knw/be aware
②放弃：give up /abandn
③看见：spt/catch sight f
情绪类
①感到担心的：feel wrried/feel disturbed
②生气的：be angry/ be annyed
[高分句型1]As I was falling asleep, I heard a human vice.（时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]Seeing me, my friends tld me they were really wrried.（现在分词作状语）