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湖南省长沙市长郡中学2023-2024学年高一下学期4月选科适应性检测英语试卷（Word版附解析）
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这是一份湖南省长沙市长郡中学2023-2024学年高一下学期4月选科适应性检测英语试卷（Word版附解析），文件包含湖南省长沙市长郡中学2023-2024学年高一下学期4月选科适应性检测英语试题Word版含解析docx、湖南省长沙市长郡中学2023-2024学年高一下学期4月选科适应性检测英语试题Word版无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共35页， 欢迎下载使用。
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:Hw much is the shirt?
A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15.
答案是C。
1．What des Kevin ften d in his spare time?
A．Read bks. B．Play ftball. C．Take pictures.
2．Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A．At hme. B．In the ffice. C．At the clinic.
3．What des Helen ask David t d?
A．Leave a message.
B．Finish a prject.
C．Give her a phne call.
4．What are the speakers talking abut?
A．Keeping in shape.
B．Ding husewrk.
C．Dealing with stress.
5．What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A．Husband and wife.
B．Manager and assistant.
C．Driver and plicewman.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Which day des the man want the tickets fr?
A．Tday. B．Tmrrw. C．Wednesday.
7．What will the man prbably d?
A．Bk his tickets by phne.
B．G t anther ticket ffice.
C．Buy a ticket fr the wman
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Hw will Jseph travel frm Winnipeg t Banff?
A．By car. B．By plane. C．By train.
9．Hw lng will Jseph stay in Canada?
A．Abut ne week B．Abut three weeks. C．Abut fur weeks.
10．What will Jseph d in Winnipeg?
A．G skling. B．See relatives. C．Enjy ht springs.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．Where did Owen live while in Masai Mara?
A．In a tent. B．In a bat. C．In a treehuse.
12．What des the wman think f Owen’s vacatin?
A．Cmfrtable. B．Expensive. C．Wnderful.
13．Why des Owen suggest ging t Masai Mara between August and September?
A．The bushes are mst clrful.
B．The animals are n the mve.
C．Plains are gd fr driving.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．What prblem are the speakers facing?
A．They are shrt f supplies.
B．They fail t keep in tuch with thers.
C．They have t mve t the mainland because f the weather.
15．Why des the man think it will be bring?
A．Because he desn’t like reading.
B．Because he can’t live happily.
C．Because he prefers life with electricity.
16．Hw lng was the wman ut f cntact with the utside wrld last year?
A．Fr tw days. B．Fr seven days. C．Fr furteen days.
17．What will the wman d next?
A．Read a bk.
B．Build a mdel plane.
C．Keep the fire burning.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．Wh is the speaker mst prbably?
A．A dctr. B．A teacher. C．A reprter.
19．What causes lng-term tiredness in teens accrding t the speaker?
A．That their bdy clcks dn’t match scial demands.
B．That they’re addicted t screens and scial media.
C．That they have a preference fr energy drinks.
20．When shuld peple stp eating accrding t the sleep rule?
A．One hur befre bed.
B．Tw hurs befre bed.
C．Three hurs befre bed.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Best Shrt Stry Cllectins Everyne Shuld Read
If yu are lking fr great strytelling but dn’t want t chse a lng nvel, then shrt stry cllectins are the answer. Here we have gathered fur f the best shrt stries and cllectins, frm all srts f backgrunds, t meet yur need.
Runaway by Alice Munr
This award-winning cllectin features eight stries by the Canadian authr Alice Munr. She tells stries f wmen and their relatinships—with strng themes f lve, friendship, and mtherhd, amng thers. The idea f running away is anther theme fund in these stries.
The Cmplete Stries by Flannery O’Cnnr
Published in 1972, The Cmplete Stries actually wn the Natinal Bk Award that same year. This cllectin includes 31 stries and they are tld frm the perspective f characters frm the American Suth, as they deal with scial issues like gender rles, and mre.
The Refugees(难民)by Viet Thanh Nguyen
Frm Thanh Nguyen cmes this Pulitzer Prize winning cllectin f seven shrt stries that are all abut Vietnamese refugees wh have mved t the US. Hwever, instead f describing the difficulties f their trips, Nguyen fcuses n the lives they’ve established in their new cuntry. Each stry shws a unique immigrant(移民的)experience as characters mve between cultures and cuntries.
Flwers fr Algernn by Daniel Keyes
This classic shrt stry is abut the jurnals f Charlie Grdn, a cleaner with an IQ f 68．Charlie’s luck changes when he is selected fr an experiment that is intended t turn him int a genius. Hwever, everything that ges up must cme dwn in the end. Flwers fr Algernn wn the Hug Award in 1960 fr its creative presentatin.
1. Whse cllectin shuld yu chse if yu are interested in the tpic n friendship?
A. Alice Munr’s.B. Flannery O’Cnnr’s.
C. Daniel Keyes’.D. Viet Thanh Nguyen’s.
2. What d we knw abut The Refugees?
A. Its seven stries share the same characters.
B. It fcuses n wmen and their relatinships.
C. It is abut the Vietnamese immigrants’ lives in the US.
D. It mainly describes the difficulties f Vietnamese refugees’ trips.
3. What d these shrt stries and cllectins have in cmmn?
A. They are made up f eight stries.
B. They all have wn certain awards.
C. They are tld frm an immigrant’s eye.
D. They shw the wrries f Canadian authrs.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个最佳短篇小说集。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“She tells stries f wmen and their relatinships—with strng themes f lve, friendship, and mtherhd, amng thers.(她讲述了女性和她们之间关系的故事——有强烈包括爱情、友谊和母性等的主题)”可知，如果你对友谊的话题感兴趣，你应该选择Alice Munr的作品集，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Refugees部分中“Hwever, instead f describing the difficulties f their trips, Nguyen fcuses n the lives they’ve established in their new cuntry.(然而，Nguyen并没有描述他们旅行中的困难，而是专注于他们在这个新国家建立的生活)”可知，The Refugees是关于越南移民在美国的生活。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“This award-winning cllectin features eight stries by the Canadian authr Alice Munr.(这本获奖作品集以加拿大作家Alice Munr的八个故事为特色)”、第二本书的“Published in 1972, The Cmplete Stries actually wn the Natinal Bk Award that same year.(出版于1972年的《故事全集》实际上在同年获得了国家图书奖) ”、第三本书“Frm Thanh Nguyen cmes this Pulitzer Prize winning cllectin f seven shrt stries that are all abut Vietnamese refugees wh have mved t the US.(这部由Thanh Nguyen创作的获得普利策奖的由七个短篇小说组成的短篇小说集，都是关于移居美国的越南难民的)”以及第四本书“Flwers fr Algernn wn the Hug Award in 1960 fr its creative presentatin.(1960 年，《献给阿尔吉依的花束》以其开创性的表现获得雨果奖)”可知，这些短篇小说和小说集的共同之处在于都获得过一定的奖项。故选B。
B
The next time yu find an excuse t abandn yur ambitin, think f Chris Nikic. On Nvember 7, 2020, 21-year-ld Chris Nikic made histry as the first persn with Dwn Syndrme t attempt and cmplete an Irnman. Organized by the Wrld Triathln Crpratin, it requires athletes t swim 2.4 miles, bike 112 miles, and run a full 26.2-mile marathn-in under 17 hurs!
The event, which tk place in Panama City, Flrida, began early in the mrning with a tw-lap swim in the Gulf f Mexic. Chris, wh was tied t his cach fr safety, cmpleted the curse well within 2 hur, 20-minute time limit.
The 112-mile bike ride, which Chris rde alne, prved a little mre challenging. Nt accustmed t drinking water while riding, he was frced t make multiple stps. T make matters wrse, the yung athlete was attacked by an army f red ants whse nest he accidentally stepped n during a break. He als had a bleeding knee after crashing while speeding dwnhill. Despite these setbacks, Chris managed t cmplete the lap befre the 5:30 pm cut-ff time.
The cmpetitin's final challenge—a tw-lap 26. 2-mile run alng the waterfrnt- started smthly. Hwever, Chris was tired ut? by the tenth mile. But, with encuragement frm his cach and cheering bystanders, the yungster smehw managed t crss the finish line in 16 hurs, 46 minutes, and 9 secnds-almst 15 minutes under the 17-hur time limit.
Chris is n stranger t vercming challenges. Brn with tw hles in his heart, he underwent surgery at just five mnths ld. He was t weak t walk independently until he was fur. Due t his Dwn Syndrme, every expert his parents spke t fcused n the limitatins rather than the pssibilities.
T Chris, this race was mre than just a finish line and celebratin f victry. It's abut being an example t ther kids and families that face similar barriers.
4. What des the underlined part "an Irnman" in paragraph 1 refer t?
A. A cmpetitin.B. An rganizatin.C. A persn.D. An artwrk.
5. Which f the fllwing best describes Chris's bike ride experience?
A. Rmantic.B. Eventful.C. Pleasant.D. Smth.
6. What des the authr intend t d in paragraph 5?
A. Stimulate readers' interest.B. Intrduce a new tpic.
C. Summarize the previus paragraphs.D. Add sme backgrund infrmatin.
7. What can we learn frm Chris's stry?
A. Winning is everything.B. N dream is unachievable.
C. Life is full f chices.D. Misfrtune is a barrier t success.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了21岁的Chris Nikic创造了历史，成为首位尝试完成铁人三项的唐氏综合征患者。文章介绍了他在此次比赛中的具体表现，他的一些个人经历以及这场比赛的意义不仅仅是终点线和胜利的庆祝。这是为了给其他面临类似障碍的孩子和家庭树立一个榜样。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Organized by the Wrld Triathln Crpratin, it requires athletes t swim 2.4 miles, bike 112 miles, and run a full 26.2-mile marathn-in under 17 hurs!(它由世界铁人三项机构组织，要求运动员游泳2.4英里，骑自行车112英里，跑完26.2英里的马拉松——在17小时内完成！)”可知，Chris Nikic完成了一项由世界铁人三项机构组织的比赛，创造了历史。即画线词指的是“一项比赛”。A. A cmpetitin.一项比赛；B. An rganizatin.一个组织；C. A persn.一个人；D. An artwrk.一件艺术品。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Nt accustmed t drinking water while riding, he was frced t make multiple stps. T make matters wrse, the yung athlete was attacked by an army f red ants whse nest he accidentally stepped n during a break. He als had a bleeding knee after crashing while speeding dwnhill. Despite these setbacks, Chris managed t cmplete the lap befre the 5:30 pm cut-ff time.(由于不习惯在骑车时喝水，他被迫多次停下来。更糟糕的是，这位年轻的运动员在休息时不小心踩到了蚁巢，被一群红蚂蚁攻击。他在高速下坡时发生车祸，膝盖出血。尽管遇到了这些挫折，克里斯还是在下午5:30的截止时间前完成了这一圈骑行)”可推知，克里斯骑自行车的经历事故频发。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Chris is n stranger t vercming challenges. Brn with tw hles in his heart, he underwent surgery at just five mnths ld. He was t weak t walk independently until he was fur. Due t his Dwn Syndrme, every expert his parents spke t fcused n the limitatins rather than the pssibilities.(克里斯对克服挑战并不陌生。他出生时心脏上有两个洞，5个月大时就接受了手术。他在四岁之前身体太虚弱，不能独立行走。由于他患有唐氏综合征，与他父母交谈过的每个专家都关注于他的局限性，而不是可能性)”可推知，在第5段作者想要添加一些克里斯的背景信息。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“T Chris, this race was mre than just a finish line and celebratin f victry. It's abut being an example t ther kids and families that face similar barriers.(对克里斯来说，这场比赛不仅仅是终点线和胜利的庆祝。这是为了给其他面临类似障碍的孩子和家庭树立一个榜样)”结合文章主要记叙了21岁的Chris Nikic创造了历史，成为首位尝试完成铁人三项的唐氏综合征患者。文章介绍了他在此次比赛中的具体表现，他的一些个人经历以及这场比赛的意义不仅仅是终点线和胜利的庆祝。这是为了给其他面临类似障碍的孩子和家庭树立一个榜样。故我们能从克里斯的故事中学到“没有梦想是不可能实现的”的道理。故选B。
C
Lcated in the Ouachita Muntains, Ht Springs Natinal Park cvers ver 5,500 acres and was the first area f land in Nrth America set aside by the gvernment fr amusement. T prtect the ht springs and their surrunding envirnment, it was named as an fficial prtected area in 1832. On March 4,1921, an act f Cngress transfrmed Ht Springs Reservatin int Ht Springs Natinal Park, prviding key prtectin t the area and imprving its imprtance.
The main draw t this park is what it is named fr, the ht springs. The springs hld an average temperature f 62℃. The mst special aspect f the ht springs is that they have lng been recgnized fr their usage in medicine, which can help imprve bld circulatin, reduce inflammatin (炎症), and prvide relief fr muscle and jint pain. Visitrs have the chance t experience the recvery pwer f these ht waters. Additinally, they can explre the park’s hiking trails, which wind thrugh the scenic parks, ffering breathtaking views f the surrunding landscape.
Unlike mst natinal parks that are surrunded by wilderness, Ht Springs Natinal Park is lcated in the city f Ht Springs, creating a unique mix f natural wnders and city life. Visitrs can explre the park’s beautiful scenery, and then experience the charm f the city’s dwntwn area, with cultural attractins and histric landmarks. The city f Ht Springs ffers varius resting places, restaurants, shps, and ther services that suit the needs f turists.
Whether yu want t experience ht springs, explre the hiking trails, r learn abut the park’s fascinating past, it prvides a memrable experience fr visitrs f all ages.
8. What d we knw abut Ht Springs Natinal Park frm paragraph 1?
A. It has been prtected fr a lng time.B. It is famus fr its rich amusement activities.
C. It is the largest natinal park in Nrth America.D. It prtects a large number f histrical buildings.
9. What is the unusual feature f the ht springs in Ht Springs Natinal Park?
A. They have great medical value.B. They lie in the center f hiking trails.
C. They can keep a cmfrtable temperature.D. They are surrunded by muntain landscapes.
10. Hw des Ht Springs Natinal Park differ frm ther natinal parks?
A. It has unique natural wnders.B. It is lcated in a wild area.
C. It cmbines nature with city life.D. It ffers cheaper service t turists.
11. Where des this text prbably cme frm?
A. A turist map.B. A histry bk.
C. A scientific reprt.D. A gegraphic magazine.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了美国温泉国家公园的历史、其温泉的医疗功效，以及公园的自然景观与城市文化相融合的独特魅力。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Lcated in the Ouachita Muntains, Ht Springs Natinal Park cvers ver 5,500 acres and was the first area f land in Nrth America set aside by the gvernment fr amusement. T prtect the ht springs and their surrunding envirnment, it was named as an fficial prtected area in 1832．On March 4,1921, an act f Cngress transfrmed Ht Springs Reservatin int Ht Springs Natinal Park, prviding key prtectin t the area and imprving its imprtance.(温泉国家公园位于瓦希托山脉，占地超过5500英亩，是北美第一个由政府拨出用于娱乐的土地。为了保护温泉和周围环境，1832年，这里被正式命名为保护区。1921年3月4日，国会通过一项法案，将温泉保护区转变为温泉国家公园，为该地区提供关键保护，并提高其重要性)”可知，温泉被保护了很长时间。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The mst special aspect f the ht springs is that they have lng been recgnized fr their usage in medicine, which can help imprve bld circulatin, reduce inflammatin (炎症), and prvide relief fr muscle and jint pain. Visitrs have the chance t experience the recvery pwer f these ht waters.(温泉最特别的地方在于，人们早就认识到它在医学上的用途，它可以帮助改善血液循环，减少炎症，缓解肌肉和关节疼痛。游客有机会体验这些热水的恢复能力)”可知，温泉国家公园的温泉的亮点在于其具有很好的医疗价值。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Unlike mst natinal parks that are surrunded by wilderness, Ht Springs Natinal Park is lcated in the city f Ht Springs, creating a unique mix f natural wnders and city life.(与大多数被荒野包围的国家公园不同，温泉国家公园位于温泉市，创造了自然奇观和城市生活的独特结合)”可知，与其他国家公园相比，温泉国家公园的不同之处在于它将自然与城市生活相融合。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据本文主要介绍了美国温泉国家公园的历史、其温泉的医疗功效，以及公园的自然景观与城市文化相融合的独特魅力。由此可推知，本文最有可能来源于一本地理杂志。故选D。
D
Humans aren’t the nly animals that mve t music. Parrts have been knwn t d it. And nw rats have been bserved mving their heads in time with the tunes f Mzart, Lady Gaga, Michael Jacksn and thers, accrding t a new paper frm the University f Tky. What’s mre, the rats seems t respnd (回应) t the same beats that get humans’ feet tapping (轻踩).
The researchers played a snata by Mzart fr lab rats at different changes f the riginal speed: 75%, 100%, 200% and 400%. Wireless sensrs (感应器) n the rats, bdies tracked their mvements. Meanwhile, 20 peple tk part in it and listened t the same music thrugh mtin sensr- equipped headphnes.
It was bserved that the rats’ head mvements were the mst bvius when the music played at its nrmal speed, which was arund 132 bpm (beats per minute). The same was true fr the peple taking part in it. The researchers then changed t sme pp sngs such as Lady Gaga’s “Bra This Way” and Michael Jacksn’s “Beat It”，As with Mzart’s, rats mved their heads alng the rhythm (节奏) f pp sngs, similar t hw peple d, at abut 120 t 140 bpm.
The study shwed that bth rats and humane mved their heads alng t the beat in a similar rhythm. The level f head mving frm bth humans and rats decreased as the music sped up. The study suggests that there is smething similar abut the way human and rat brains respnd t rhythm, but rats d nt match their mtins t the beat like humans d. Humans can tell the timing f a beat in advance and mve predictably t it.
Aniruddh Patel, a psychlgist wh studies brain respnse t music, says humans and parrts respnd t beats with big, vluntary mvements such as head shaking, dancing r ft tapping. Patel als stresses that this study des nt shw that rats have the same emtinal assciatins with music as humans d. Yet he believes it culd help shw hw humans and sme ther animals develped a sense f rhythm.
12. What des the study fcus n?
A. Hw music influences rats’ brains.
B. Whether rats can respnd t human music.
C. Which types f music is attractive t rats.
D. Why rats respnd t music like human d.
13. At which speed wuld rats shw the clearest mvements?
A. 75 bpm.B. 100 bpm.C. 132 bpm.D. 150 bpm.
14. Hw are rats different frm humans in respnse t music?
A. They seem mre interested in pp music.
B. They are unable t tell the beat f music in advance.
C. They prefer mving their heads with the beat f music.
D. They make similar mvements t different rhythms.
15. What is Patel’s attitude twards the study?
A. Psitive.B. Dubtful.C. Uncaring.D. Negative.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了老鼠能对人类音乐做出反应。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“And nw rats have been bserved mving their heads in time with the tunes f Mzart, Lady Gaga, Michael Jacksn and thers, accrding t a new paper frm the University f Tky. What’s mre, the rats seems t respnd t the same beats that get humans’ feet tapping .(根据东京大学的一篇新论文，现在人们已经观察到老鼠随着莫扎特、Lady Gaga、迈克尔·杰克逊等人的音乐节拍移动头部。更重要的是，老鼠似乎对人类跺脚的节奏有同样的反应。)”和文章第四段“The study shwed that bth rats and humane mved their heads alng t the beat in a similar rhythm. The level f head mving frm bth humans and rats decreased as the music sped up. The study suggests that there is smething similar abut the way human and rat brains respnd t rhythm, but rats d nt match their mtins t the beat like humans d.(研究表明，老鼠和人类都以相似的节奏随着节拍移动头部。随着音乐的加速，人和老鼠的头部移动水平都降低了。这项研究表明，人类和老鼠的大脑对节奏的反应有一些相似之处，但老鼠的动作不像人类那样与节奏相匹配。)”可推知，研究主要集中于老鼠是否能对人类的音乐做出反应。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“It was bserved that the rats’ head mvements were the mst bvius when the music played at its nrmal speed, which was arund 132 bpm (beats per minute).(据观察，当音乐以正常速度播放时，即每分钟132拍左右，老鼠的头部运动最为明显。)”可知，大鼠在每分钟132拍时表现出最清晰的动作。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The study suggests that there is smething similar abut the way human and rat brains respnd t rhythm, but rats d nt match their mtins t the beat like humans d. Humans can tell the timing f a beat in advance and mve predictably t it.(这项研究表明，人类和老鼠的大脑对节奏的反应有一些相似之处，但老鼠的动作不像人类那样与节奏相匹配。人类可以提前判断出节拍的时间，并根据节拍做出相应的动作。)”可知，老鼠和人类对于音乐反应的不同之处在于它们无法提前分辨出音乐的节拍。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Yet he believes it culd help shw hw humans and sme ther animals develped a sense f rhythm.(然而，他相信这有助于展示人类和其他一些动物是如何发展出节奏感的。)”可推知，Patel对这项研究的态度是积极的。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Up t 40% f the fd prduced never makes it t ur muths. Fd waste is a huge prblem. ____16____ Here are ways t reduce fd waste.
·____17____ Many f us blindly thrw things that lk nvel int the shpping baskets and then let them sit in the fridge until they g bad. S, befre shpping, think abut exactly what yu need fr the week, make a detailed shpping list t prevent verbuying and stick t it.
·Get creative with repurpsing fd. Befre walking straight t the bin with yur ld carrts, ask yurself: Can I make this int smething new? ____18____ Yu needn’t fllw any cmplicated recipes t turn lder prduce int a fresh new dish. Just use yur head t make the best f it. Fr example, rast the carrts as a side dish r cut them fr a salad.
·Yur freezer is yur friend. If yu’re unable t use fd befre it’s t late, turn t the trusty freezer. Freezing fd helps lck in its flavr and nutrients. S next time yu taste perfect strawberries fr yur summer picnic, dn’t thrw the ther leftvers immediately. ____19____
·Dn’t be fled by that “sell by” date. Typically, these labels are a best guess by businesses as t when their prducts will be finest. They’re nt hard-and-fast rules abut when that cheese has t g straight t the bin. They’re abut quality, nt abut fd safety. Next time yu d a sweep f yur strerm, remember that. ____20____ If it desn’t pass, turn t the bin.
A. Make a plan ahead f time.
B. The answer is prbably yes.
C. Add up what yu let g t waste.
D. The gd news is that each f us can help slve it.
E. When yu’re in dubt, d a smell test t check its quality.
F. They may end up in landfills and prduce greenhuse gases.
G. Instead, bag and put them in the freezer in case yu want them.
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. B 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了减少食物浪费的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Fd waste is a huge prblem.(食物浪费是个大问题)”以及后文“Here are ways t reduce fd waste.(以下是减少食物浪费的方法)”可知，食物浪费是个问题，但是后文给出了解决方案，说明是可以解决的。故D选项“好消息是我们每个人都可以帮助解决这个问题”符合语境，故选D。
17题详解】
根据后文“Many f us blindly thrw things that lk nvel int the shpping baskets and then let them sit in the fridge until they g bad. S, befre shpping, think abut exactly what yu need fr the week, make a detailed shpping list t prevent verbuying and stick t it.(我们中的许多人盲目地把看起来新奇的东西扔进购物篮，然后把它们放在冰箱里，直到它们变质。所以，在购物之前，想清楚你这周需要什么，制定一个详细的购物清单，以防止过度购买，并严格遵守清单)”可知，本段的主旨是提前制定食物购买的计划。故A选项“提前制定计划”符合语境，故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Befre walking straight t the bin with yur ld carrts, ask yurself: Can I make this int smething new?(在把你的旧胡萝卜直接扔进垃圾桶之前，问问自己：我能把它变成新的东西吗？)”可知，本句主要回答上文的问题，故B选项“答案可能是‘是的’”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“S next time yu taste perfect strawberries fr yur summer picnic, dn’t thrw the ther leftvers immediately.(所以，下次你在夏日野餐中品尝到完美的草莓时，不要马上扔掉其他的剩菜)”可知，本句承接上文，说明如何利用这些剩菜。故G选项“相反，把它们装起来放在冰箱里，以备不时之需”符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“·Dn’t be fled by that “sell by” date. Typically, these labels are a best guess by businesses as t when their prducts will be finest. They’re nt hard-and-fast rules abut when that cheese has t g straight t the bin. They’re abut quality, nt abut fd safety. Next time yu d a sweep f yur strerm, remember that.( ·不要被‘销售截止日期’所欺骗。通常，这些标签是企业对其产品何时最好的最佳猜测。他们没有硬性规定什么时候奶酪必须直接进垃圾箱。他们关注的是质量，而不是食品安全。下次你打扫储藏室的时候，记住这一点)”以及后文“If it desn’t pass, turn t the bin.(如果没有通过，就转向垃圾箱)”可知，本句主要是建议在打扫储藏室的时候检查食物的质量来确定要不要丢掉。故E选项“如果你拿不准，那就试一试，看看它的质量”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When it came t weather, I was always cmplaining abut wind r rain. Althugh it was ____21____ unusual fr the arrival f wind r rain, it caused ____22____ fr me t g ut, and smetimes it even created an awful atmsphere, s I ____23____ it strngly.
On a rainy day, I met a meterlgist（气象学家）, wh was very ____24____ at my great anger caused by rain that made a little incnvenience fr me. He asked, “Have yu ever seen typhn? D yu knw what wuld happen t the wrld if there were n typhn?” I ____25____ my head.
“Well, let me tell yu,” the meterlgist said. “Withut it the ____26____ f freshwater will be mre serius, fr it is a great surce f water supply n the earth. Withut it, there wuld be a greater ____27____ in the distributin（分布）f warmth. The equatrial （赤道的）area that receives the mst sunshine n the earth ____28____ n typhn t disperse（驱散）heat. Withut typhn, the trpics wuld be even htter, while the frigid znes much ____29____. As a result, the temperate（温带的）znes wuld _____30_____ frm the wrld.”
Ignrance made me _____31_____. I disliked wind nly because it ruffled（吹乱）my hair. I hated rain nly because I had t carry an umbrella. But I had n idea at that typhn—smething a thusand times mre vilent and disturbing than wind r rain—was a _____32_____ t the existence f mankind.
It _____33_____ t my mind that hard as it is fr peple t guard against typhn, it is advisable fr a man t stp t think fr a mment befre he cmplains. “What if typhn disappeared altgether? What wuld the wrld becme then?” The _____34_____ will keep him calm and lead him clser t the truth—he will be better _____35_____ f the wrld he lives in.
21. A. smethingB. anythingC. nthingD. everything
22. A. inabilityB. pssibilityC. pprtunityD. incnvenience
23. A. escapedB. punishedC. blamedD. fught
24. A. dubtfulB. puzzledC. delightedD. frightened
25. A. hungB. nddedC. turnedD. shk
26. A. shrtageB. supplyC. amuntD. extinctin
27. A. imbalanceB. unfairnessC. significanceD. influence
28. A. hldsB. keepsC. leavesD. depends
29. A. clderB. warmerC. htterD. wilder
30. A. disappearB. mveC. escapeD. remve
31. A. far-sightedB. shrt-sightedC. in sightD. ut f sight
32. A. mustB. desireC. warningD. wrry
33. A. happenedB. struckC. sprungD. ccurred
34. A. theriesB. answersC. situatinsD. cmplaints
35. A. carefulB. afraidC. awareD. tired
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了作者总是抱怨风或雨，因为他们给自己造成了不便，直到作者听到气象学家解释台风的重要作用后，才意识到自己目光短浅，认识到台风——比风或雨更猛烈，比风或雨更令人让人不安，是人类生存必须的东西。
【21题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：虽然刮风下雨并没有什么特别的，但它给我的外出带来了不便，有时甚至造成了一种可怕的气氛，所以我强烈地指责它。A. smething一些事情；B. anything任何事情； C. nthing没有事情；D. everything每件事情。根据该句中的Althugh以及下文“unusual fr the arrival f wind r rain, it caused ____2____ fr me t g ut”由此可知，此处应表示虽然刮风下雨并没有什么特别的，但它给我的外出带来了不便。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然刮风下雨并没有什么特别的，但它给我的外出带来了不便，有时甚至造成了一种可怕的气氛，所以我强烈地指责它。A. inability无能；B. pssibility可能性；C.pprtunity机会；D. incnvenience不便。根据上文“I was always cmplaining abut wind r rain.”提到作者抱怨刮风或下雨，以及下文“and smetimes it even created an awful atmsphere”由此可推知，此处应表示作者认为刮风下雨给外出带来了不便。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然刮风下雨并没有什么特别的，但它给我的外出带来了不便，有时甚至造成了一种可怕的气氛，所以我强烈地指责它。A. escaped逃脱；B. punished惩罚；C. blamed责备；D. fught斗争。根据上文“it caused ____2____ fr me t g ut, and smetimes it even created an awful atmsphere”提到刮风下雨给外出带来了不便，以及有时甚至造成了一种可怕的气氛，可知，此处应表示作者强烈地指责这种天气。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个下雨天，我遇到了一位气象学家，他对我因为雨给我带来的一点不便而产生的愤怒感到非常困惑。A. dubtful怀疑的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. delighted高兴的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文“at my great anger caused by rain that made a little incnvenience fr me”以及后文提到的气象学家认为台风对我们有好处，由此可知，他对我的态度感到困惑。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我摇了摇头。A. hung悬挂；B. ndded点头；C. turned转向；D. shk摇头。根据上文“D yu knw what wuld happen t the wrld if there were n typhn?”” 气象学家的提问，以及下文““Well, let me tell yu,” the meterlgist said.”气象学家给作者的解释，由此可推知，作者是不知道答案的，故摇了摇头。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有它，淡水短缺将更加严重，因为它是地球上重要的水源。A. shrtage短缺；B. supply供应；C. amunt数量；D. extinctin灭绝。根据上文“Withut it”以及下文“…will be mre serius, fr it is a great surce f water supply n the earth.”由此可知，此处应表示没有台风，淡水短缺将更加严重，因为它是地球上重要的水源。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有它，热量的分布将会更加不平衡。A. imbalance不平衡；B. unfairness不公平；C. significance意义；D. influence影响。根据下文“in the distributin f warmth”可知，此处应表示没有台风，热量的分布将会更加不平衡。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：赤道地区是地球上日照最多的地区，它依靠台风来分散热量。A. hlds持有，把握；B. keeps保持；C. leaves离开；D. depends依靠。根据下文句意以及下文“…n typhn t disperse heat”由此可知，此处应表示赤道地区是地球上日照最多的地区，它依靠台风来分散热量。故选D项。
29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果没有台风，热带地区会更热，而寒带地区会更冷。A. clder更冷的；B. warmer更暖和的；C. htter更热的；D. wilder更野的。根据上文“the trpics wuld be even htter,”以及while可知，此处应表示没有台风，热带地区会更热，而寒带地区会更冷。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果，温带地区将从世界上消失。A. disappear消失；B. mve移动；C. escape逃脱；D. remve移除。根据上文提到的热带地区会更热，而寒带地区会更冷。由此可知，此处应表示温带地区将从世界上消失。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：无知使我目光短浅。A. far-sighted有远见的；B. shrt-sighted目光短浅的；C. in sight在眼前；D. ut f sight看不见。根据该句Ignrance 以及下文“I disliked wind nly because it ruffled（吹乱）my hair.”由此可知，此处应表示无知使我目光短浅。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我不知道台风——比风雨还要猛烈和令人不安一千倍的东西——是人类生存所必需的。A. must必需品；B. desire渴望；C. warning警告；D. wrry担心。根据上文提到的没有台风可能造成的负面影响，由此可知，此处应表示台风是人类生存所必需的。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，虽然防台风很困难，但一个人在抱怨之前停下来思考一下是明智的。A. happened发生；B. struck打击；C. sprung突然启动；D. ccurred发生。根据下文“…that hard as it is fr peple t guard against typhn, it is advisable fr a man t stp t think fr a mment befre he cmplains.”可知，此处应表示我突然想到，虽然防台风很困难，但一个人在抱怨之前停下来思考一下是明智的。It sprung t my mind that…“我突然想到”为固定句型。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些答案会让他冷静下来，让他更接近真相——他会更好地了解他所生活的世界。A. theries理论；B. answers答案；C. situatins情况；D. cmplaints抱怨。根据下文“…will keep him calm and lead him clser t the truth”提到更接近真相，由此可知，此处应表示这些答案会让他冷静下来。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些答案会让他冷静下来，让他更接近真相——他会更好地了解他所生活的世界。A. careful小心的；B. afraid害怕的；C. aware有意识的；D. tired疲劳的。根据句意以及下文“…the wrld he lives in”由此可知，此处应表示他会更好地了解他所生活的世界。be aware f“了解，意识到”。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In late August, 2005, Hurricane Katrina, ne f the mst ____36____（destry）hurricanes in American histry, hit the suth-eastern parts f the cuntry. It began n August 23, ____37____（cause）nly slight damage in the beginning. But it sn grew t be a Categry5hurricane ver the warm waters f the Gulf f Mexic and caused severe damage alng ____38____（it）paths.
New Orleans, a city ____39____ was built largely belw sea level, was wrst hit. In reactin t the cming hurricane, the city gvernment gave ____40____ rder t clear the city ____41____ all residents. Hwever, sme f them chse t stay because they believed that the city’s defense system wuld keep them safe and sund, ____42____ thers were unable t leave because they have n access ____43____（transprt）. The defense system finally failed. As a result, 80% f the city was flded fr weeks. Peple ____44____（stick）in the city withut pwer, fd r drinking water, waiting fr rescue with anxiety.
The hurricane died away n August 31. Hurricane Katrina, which caused nearly 2,000 deaths, _____45_____（leave）millins f peple hmeless.
【答案】36. destructive
37. causing
38. its 39. which##that
40. an 41. f
42. while##but
43. t transprt
44. were stuck
45 left
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了2005年8月下旬，美国历史上最具破坏性的飓风之一卡特里娜飓风袭击了美国东南部。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：2005年8月下旬，美国历史上最具破坏性的飓风之一卡特里娜飓风袭击了美国东南部。由空后hurricanes为名词以及空前the mst可知，此处为形容词构成最高级形式，修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填destructive。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它始于8月23日，一开始只造成了轻微的损害。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，cause和逻辑主语It为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填causing。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：但它很快就在墨西哥湾温暖的水域上空发展成为五级飓风，并在其路径上造成了严重破坏。由空后paths为名词可知，此处为形容词性物主代词修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填its。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：新奥尔良是一个大部分建在海平面以下的城市，受灾最严重。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which/that引导的定语从句，先行词a city在从句中作主语成分。故填which/that。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：为了应对即将来临的飓风，市政府下令疏散所有居民。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语give an rder“下命令”，满足句意要求，所以此处为冠词an的填入。故填an。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：为了应对即将来临的飓风，市政府下令疏散所有居民。clear sth f sth从……清除……、将……驱离某地。故填f。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：然而，他们中的一些人选择留下来，因为他们相信城市的防御系统会保证他们的安全，而另一些人则无法离开，因为他们没有交通工具。根据上下句句意可知，此处为连词while/but表示“而，但是”，满足句意要求。故填while/but。
【43题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：然而，他们中的一些人选择留下来，因为他们相信城市的防御系统会保证他们的安全，而另一些人则无法离开，因为他们没有交通工具。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语have access t d“有权限做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填t transprt。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：人们被困在没有电力、食物和饮用水的城市里，焦急地等待救援。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，主语Peple和stick为被动关系，结合上下句时态可知，为过去时，所以此处为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填were stuck。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：卡特里娜飓风造成近2000人死亡，数百万人无家可归。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合上文时态可知，此处应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故填left。
★第三节 课文默写（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
46. Fr anther thing, due t the Amazn’s ht climate, it is difficult fr the sil t____________________enugh nutrients.(根据句意填空)
【答案】build up
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：另一方面，由于亚马逊炎热的气候，土壤很难积累足够的养分。根据其后的名词“nutrients”可知，所设空处应填build up固定短语，意为“积聚、堆积”，其后接“enugh nutrients (足够的养分)”作宾语，动词不定式后用动词原形，故填build up。
47. It has t be a cmmunity-wide effrt, and everyne can help by fllwing the glden rule: reduce, reuse and ______.（根据句意填空）
【答案】recycle
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：它必须是一个全社会的努力，每个人都可以通过遵循黄金法则来帮助:减少，再利用和回收。根据句意“回收”可知应用动词recycle，结合上文reduce, reuse and可知为原形。故填recycle。
48. After a rll call cnfirmed that all were ______ they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each ther. (根据句意填空)
【答案】safe and sund
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：在点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们放松下来，一边哭一边笑着互相拥抱。根据句意可知，此处应填汉语“安然无恙的”，短语safe and sund，意为“安然无恙的”，故填safe and sund。
49. Nw it was wildly bright, nw f a pale and dying red, and nw again it burnt with an ______ light! （根据句意填空）
【答案】unbearable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：它时而明亮得出奇，时而变成淡红色，时而又燃烧着令人难以忍受的光芒!。根据句意，此处的意思为“它以一种难以忍受的光烧着了”。结合句意以及上文中的“nw f a pale and dying red, and nw again it burnt”可知，此处表示“以一种难以忍受的光”应为“with an unbearable light”符合语境。故填 unbearable。
50. Only in this way can the Internet be ______.（根据句意填空）
【答案】a place f discvery, wnder and inspiratin fr everyne
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：只有这样，互联网才能成为每个人发现、惊奇和灵感的地方。表示“地方”应用名词place；表示“每个人发现、惊奇和灵感”翻译为discvery, wnder and inspiratin fr everyne，与place构成所属关系，应用介词f。故填a place f discvery, wnder and inspiratin fr everyne。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
51. 上周五你参加了学生会组织的“爱心义卖（Charity Sale）”活动，请你为校英文报写一篇报道。内容包括：
1．活动过程；
2．收获与感想。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Schl Charity Sale
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Last Friday witnessed a schl charity sale in ur schl playgrund. Organized by the Student Unin it was available t all students, with the aim f cultivating students' gd quality f caring fr thers.
The sale kicked ff at 5 PM, lasting fr an hur, with well-prepared items f every class put n sale. At each and every stall lay a wide range f bks, schl supplies, sprts equipment, r whatever.. Within an hur all the items were sld ut. It is said that the mney raised fr charity will be dnated t the disabled children in ur city.
The activity greatly wn ur favr. Nt nly did this sale equip us with the rganizatinal capabilities, it als enhanced the awareness f all teachers and students t give lve.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为“爱心义卖”活动写一篇报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
筹集：raise→cllect
目的：aim→gal
给予：enhance→ffer
加强：enhance→strengthen
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Organized by the Student Unin it was available t all students, with the aim f cultivating students' gd quality f caring fr thers.
拓展句：TOrganized by the Student Unin it was available t all students, whse aim is t cultivae students' gd quality f caring fr thers.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Organized by the Student Unin, it was available t all students, with the aim f cultivating students' gd quality f caring fr thers. (运用了过去分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Nt nly did this sale equip us with the rganizatinal capabilities, it als enhanced the awareness f all teachers and students t give lve. (运用了部分倒装句)
第二节（满分25分）
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was after midnight last December and we were driving hme frm a party. The weather had been awful, with the rain puring n ur 40-minute jurney there. Paul, my husband, was driving ur Frd Ranger pick-up truck and my seven-year-ld sn, Silas, was in the back.
What was s frightening was the speed f water. One minute we were halfway hme, the next there was water ging up ver the bnnet (汽车引擎盖). The rushing water lifted ur car up and pushed it back against a hedge (树篱). I felt terrified f the pwer f the water, and Paul was trying t cntrl the truck.
Water was instantly arund my ankles. I reached my hand back and felt it arund Silas’s t. Paul climbed ut thrugh a windw, at which pint Silas wke up, cnfused. I managed t pass him thrugh the windw t Paul, wh was nw n the truck’s rf.
Paul tld me I needed t get ut, but I culdn’t pen my dr. I attempted t push my bdy thrugh the driver’s windw and was left clinging n t the supprt between the windws. Paul grabbed my hd (兜帽) t help in vain and I culd hear Silas crying, s I tld him t let g—Silas needed him. He refused, but I insisted—I wanted t knw Silas wuld be safe. As I saw his empty, utstretched hand, the water tk me away. I was a strng swimmer but I had n ptin but t sht dwn rapids. Shcked, I gasped fr breath and tried t keep my head abve water.
It was extremely dark but I culd just make ut trees. As I passed, I reached ut and grabbed tw slim branches, hlding tightly. I hugged the tree with my knees. My plan was just t hld n. Nt knwing if Paul and Silas were safe, I thught that if they did survive, they wuld try t save me. I wndered wh wuld cme t my rescue.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After nearly 40 minutes, I saw a small bat sptlight.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As I rse t my feet, I hugged my rescuers.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
After nearly 40 minutes, I saw a s mall bat sptlight. On seeing the chance f survival, I started t yell and wave my hand fr help, straining all my strength. Frtunately, smene nticed my mvement and nt fr a lng time, I culd figure ut that a rescuer was trying t talk t me. Hwever, I culdn’t hear him clearly due t the rar f the water. Eventually, the rescue team managed t steer a bat t my shulder, and fur strng arms lifted me int the bat and transferred me t a safe place. Mixed with raindrps and tears, I felt a sense f relief and safety.
As I rse t my feet, I hugged my rescuers. With tears streaming dwn my face, I expressed my heart-felt gratitude t the heres. Meanwhile, I inquired eagerly and anxiusly, “I was wndering if yu had seen a man with a s even-year-ld by?” The mment I uttered the wrds I culd figure ut tw familiar figures rushing twards me. We three united nce again, hugging tightly, and cmfrting each ther with smiles. After what seemed a lng time, the dawn brke. Sunshine and warmth wrapped us and we did grasp the value f life and reunin.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者某天参加完派对开车回家，结果半路遇到了暴雨，作者的车被水淹没，作者也和丈夫与儿子失散了，她希望他们能安全，同时也担心自己的安危。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“过了将近40分钟，我看见一只小船在聚光灯下”可知，第一段可描写救援人员营救作者的经过以及作者的感受。
②由第二段首句内容“当我站起来的时候，我拥抱了救援人员”可知，第二段可描写作者和家人团聚，感悟都爱了生命和团聚的价值。
2.续写线索：看到小船——前来营救——被转移到安全地——和家人团聚——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①表达：express/extend
②明白：figure ut/understand
③询问：inquire/ask
情绪类
①幸运：frtunately/luckily
②安慰：relief/ease
【点睛】[高分句型1] On seeing the chance f survival, I started t yell and wave my hand fr help, straining all my strength. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Frtunately, smene nticed my mvement and nt fr a lng time, I culd figure ut that a rescuer was trying t talk t me. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:Hw much is the shirt?
A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15.
答案是C。
1．What des Kevin ften d in his spare time?
A．Read bks. B．Play ftball. C．Take pictures.
2．Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A．At hme. B．In the ffice. C．At the clinic.
3．What des Helen ask David t d?
A．Leave a message.
B．Finish a prject.
C．Give her a phne call.
4．What are the speakers talking abut?
A．Keeping in shape.
B．Ding husewrk.
C．Dealing with stress.
5．What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A．Husband and wife.
B．Manager and assistant.
C．Driver and plicewman.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Which day des the man want the tickets fr?
A．Tday. B．Tmrrw. C．Wednesday.
7．What will the man prbably d?
A．Bk his tickets by phne.
B．G t anther ticket ffice.
C．Buy a ticket fr the wman
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Hw will Jseph travel frm Winnipeg t Banff?
A．By car. B．By plane. C．By train.
9．Hw lng will Jseph stay in Canada?
A．Abut ne week B．Abut three weeks. C．Abut fur weeks.
10．What will Jseph d in Winnipeg?
A．G skling. B．See relatives. C．Enjy ht springs.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．Where did Owen live while in Masai Mara?
A．In a tent. B．In a bat. C．In a treehuse.
12．What des the wman think f Owen’s vacatin?
A．Cmfrtable. B．Expensive. C．Wnderful.
13．Why des Owen suggest ging t Masai Mara between August and September?
A．The bushes are mst clrful.
B．The animals are n the mve.
C．Plains are gd fr driving.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．What prblem are the speakers facing?
A．They are shrt f supplies.
B．They fail t keep in tuch with thers.
C．They have t mve t the mainland because f the weather.
15．Why des the man think it will be bring?
A．Because he desn’t like reading.
B．Because he can’t live happily.
C．Because he prefers life with electricity.
16．Hw lng was the wman ut f cntact with the utside wrld last year?
A．Fr tw days. B．Fr seven days. C．Fr furteen days.
17．What will the wman d next?
A．Read a bk.
B．Build a mdel plane.
C．Keep the fire burning.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．Wh is the speaker mst prbably?
A．A dctr. B．A teacher. C．A reprter.
19．What causes lng-term tiredness in teens accrding t the speaker?
A．That their bdy clcks dn’t match scial demands.
B．That they’re addicted t screens and scial media.
C．That they have a preference fr energy drinks.
20．When shuld peple stp eating accrding t the sleep rule?
A．One hur befre bed.
B．Tw hurs befre bed.
C．Three hurs befre bed.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Best Shrt Stry Cllectins Everyne Shuld Read
If yu are lking fr great strytelling but dn’t want t chse a lng nvel, then shrt stry cllectins are the answer. Here we have gathered fur f the best shrt stries and cllectins, frm all srts f backgrunds, t meet yur need.
Runaway by Alice Munr
This award-winning cllectin features eight stries by the Canadian authr Alice Munr. She tells stries f wmen and their relatinships—with strng themes f lve, friendship, and mtherhd, amng thers. The idea f running away is anther theme fund in these stries.
The Cmplete Stries by Flannery O’Cnnr
Published in 1972, The Cmplete Stries actually wn the Natinal Bk Award that same year. This cllectin includes 31 stries and they are tld frm the perspective f characters frm the American Suth, as they deal with scial issues like gender rles, and mre.
The Refugees(难民)by Viet Thanh Nguyen
Frm Thanh Nguyen cmes this Pulitzer Prize winning cllectin f seven shrt stries that are all abut Vietnamese refugees wh have mved t the US. Hwever, instead f describing the difficulties f their trips, Nguyen fcuses n the lives they’ve established in their new cuntry. Each stry shws a unique immigrant(移民的)experience as characters mve between cultures and cuntries.
Flwers fr Algernn by Daniel Keyes
This classic shrt stry is abut the jurnals f Charlie Grdn, a cleaner with an IQ f 68．Charlie’s luck changes when he is selected fr an experiment that is intended t turn him int a genius. Hwever, everything that ges up must cme dwn in the end. Flwers fr Algernn wn the Hug Award in 1960 fr its creative presentatin.
1. Whse cllectin shuld yu chse if yu are interested in the tpic n friendship?
A. Alice Munr’s.B. Flannery O’Cnnr’s.
C. Daniel Keyes’.D. Viet Thanh Nguyen’s.
2. What d we knw abut The Refugees?
A. Its seven stries share the same characters.
B. It fcuses n wmen and their relatinships.
C. It is abut the Vietnamese immigrants’ lives in the US.
D. It mainly describes the difficulties f Vietnamese refugees’ trips.
3. What d these shrt stries and cllectins have in cmmn?
A. They are made up f eight stries.
B. They all have wn certain awards.
C. They are tld frm an immigrant’s eye.
D. They shw the wrries f Canadian authrs.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个最佳短篇小说集。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“She tells stries f wmen and their relatinships—with strng themes f lve, friendship, and mtherhd, amng thers.(她讲述了女性和她们之间关系的故事——有强烈包括爱情、友谊和母性等的主题)”可知，如果你对友谊的话题感兴趣，你应该选择Alice Munr的作品集，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Refugees部分中“Hwever, instead f describing the difficulties f their trips, Nguyen fcuses n the lives they’ve established in their new cuntry.(然而，Nguyen并没有描述他们旅行中的困难，而是专注于他们在这个新国家建立的生活)”可知，The Refugees是关于越南移民在美国的生活。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“This award-winning cllectin features eight stries by the Canadian authr Alice Munr.(这本获奖作品集以加拿大作家Alice Munr的八个故事为特色)”、第二本书的“Published in 1972, The Cmplete Stries actually wn the Natinal Bk Award that same year.(出版于1972年的《故事全集》实际上在同年获得了国家图书奖) ”、第三本书“Frm Thanh Nguyen cmes this Pulitzer Prize winning cllectin f seven shrt stries that are all abut Vietnamese refugees wh have mved t the US.(这部由Thanh Nguyen创作的获得普利策奖的由七个短篇小说组成的短篇小说集，都是关于移居美国的越南难民的)”以及第四本书“Flwers fr Algernn wn the Hug Award in 1960 fr its creative presentatin.(1960 年，《献给阿尔吉依的花束》以其开创性的表现获得雨果奖)”可知，这些短篇小说和小说集的共同之处在于都获得过一定的奖项。故选B。
B
The next time yu find an excuse t abandn yur ambitin, think f Chris Nikic. On Nvember 7, 2020, 21-year-ld Chris Nikic made histry as the first persn with Dwn Syndrme t attempt and cmplete an Irnman. Organized by the Wrld Triathln Crpratin, it requires athletes t swim 2.4 miles, bike 112 miles, and run a full 26.2-mile marathn-in under 17 hurs!
The event, which tk place in Panama City, Flrida, began early in the mrning with a tw-lap swim in the Gulf f Mexic. Chris, wh was tied t his cach fr safety, cmpleted the curse well within 2 hur, 20-minute time limit.
The 112-mile bike ride, which Chris rde alne, prved a little mre challenging. Nt accustmed t drinking water while riding, he was frced t make multiple stps. T make matters wrse, the yung athlete was attacked by an army f red ants whse nest he accidentally stepped n during a break. He als had a bleeding knee after crashing while speeding dwnhill. Despite these setbacks, Chris managed t cmplete the lap befre the 5:30 pm cut-ff time.
The cmpetitin's final challenge—a tw-lap 26. 2-mile run alng the waterfrnt- started smthly. Hwever, Chris was tired ut? by the tenth mile. But, with encuragement frm his cach and cheering bystanders, the yungster smehw managed t crss the finish line in 16 hurs, 46 minutes, and 9 secnds-almst 15 minutes under the 17-hur time limit.
Chris is n stranger t vercming challenges. Brn with tw hles in his heart, he underwent surgery at just five mnths ld. He was t weak t walk independently until he was fur. Due t his Dwn Syndrme, every expert his parents spke t fcused n the limitatins rather than the pssibilities.
T Chris, this race was mre than just a finish line and celebratin f victry. It's abut being an example t ther kids and families that face similar barriers.
4. What des the underlined part "an Irnman" in paragraph 1 refer t?
A. A cmpetitin.B. An rganizatin.C. A persn.D. An artwrk.
5. Which f the fllwing best describes Chris's bike ride experience?
A. Rmantic.B. Eventful.C. Pleasant.D. Smth.
6. What des the authr intend t d in paragraph 5?
A. Stimulate readers' interest.B. Intrduce a new tpic.
C. Summarize the previus paragraphs.D. Add sme backgrund infrmatin.
7. What can we learn frm Chris's stry?
A. Winning is everything.B. N dream is unachievable.
C. Life is full f chices.D. Misfrtune is a barrier t success.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了21岁的Chris Nikic创造了历史，成为首位尝试完成铁人三项的唐氏综合征患者。文章介绍了他在此次比赛中的具体表现，他的一些个人经历以及这场比赛的意义不仅仅是终点线和胜利的庆祝。这是为了给其他面临类似障碍的孩子和家庭树立一个榜样。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Organized by the Wrld Triathln Crpratin, it requires athletes t swim 2.4 miles, bike 112 miles, and run a full 26.2-mile marathn-in under 17 hurs!(它由世界铁人三项机构组织，要求运动员游泳2.4英里，骑自行车112英里，跑完26.2英里的马拉松——在17小时内完成！)”可知，Chris Nikic完成了一项由世界铁人三项机构组织的比赛，创造了历史。即画线词指的是“一项比赛”。A. A cmpetitin.一项比赛；B. An rganizatin.一个组织；C. A persn.一个人；D. An artwrk.一件艺术品。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Nt accustmed t drinking water while riding, he was frced t make multiple stps. T make matters wrse, the yung athlete was attacked by an army f red ants whse nest he accidentally stepped n during a break. He als had a bleeding knee after crashing while speeding dwnhill. Despite these setbacks, Chris managed t cmplete the lap befre the 5:30 pm cut-ff time.(由于不习惯在骑车时喝水，他被迫多次停下来。更糟糕的是，这位年轻的运动员在休息时不小心踩到了蚁巢，被一群红蚂蚁攻击。他在高速下坡时发生车祸，膝盖出血。尽管遇到了这些挫折，克里斯还是在下午5:30的截止时间前完成了这一圈骑行)”可推知，克里斯骑自行车的经历事故频发。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Chris is n stranger t vercming challenges. Brn with tw hles in his heart, he underwent surgery at just five mnths ld. He was t weak t walk independently until he was fur. Due t his Dwn Syndrme, every expert his parents spke t fcused n the limitatins rather than the pssibilities.(克里斯对克服挑战并不陌生。他出生时心脏上有两个洞，5个月大时就接受了手术。他在四岁之前身体太虚弱，不能独立行走。由于他患有唐氏综合征，与他父母交谈过的每个专家都关注于他的局限性，而不是可能性)”可推知，在第5段作者想要添加一些克里斯的背景信息。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“T Chris, this race was mre than just a finish line and celebratin f victry. It's abut being an example t ther kids and families that face similar barriers.(对克里斯来说，这场比赛不仅仅是终点线和胜利的庆祝。这是为了给其他面临类似障碍的孩子和家庭树立一个榜样)”结合文章主要记叙了21岁的Chris Nikic创造了历史，成为首位尝试完成铁人三项的唐氏综合征患者。文章介绍了他在此次比赛中的具体表现，他的一些个人经历以及这场比赛的意义不仅仅是终点线和胜利的庆祝。这是为了给其他面临类似障碍的孩子和家庭树立一个榜样。故我们能从克里斯的故事中学到“没有梦想是不可能实现的”的道理。故选B。
C
Lcated in the Ouachita Muntains, Ht Springs Natinal Park cvers ver 5,500 acres and was the first area f land in Nrth America set aside by the gvernment fr amusement. T prtect the ht springs and their surrunding envirnment, it was named as an fficial prtected area in 1832. On March 4,1921, an act f Cngress transfrmed Ht Springs Reservatin int Ht Springs Natinal Park, prviding key prtectin t the area and imprving its imprtance.
The main draw t this park is what it is named fr, the ht springs. The springs hld an average temperature f 62℃. The mst special aspect f the ht springs is that they have lng been recgnized fr their usage in medicine, which can help imprve bld circulatin, reduce inflammatin (炎症), and prvide relief fr muscle and jint pain. Visitrs have the chance t experience the recvery pwer f these ht waters. Additinally, they can explre the park’s hiking trails, which wind thrugh the scenic parks, ffering breathtaking views f the surrunding landscape.
Unlike mst natinal parks that are surrunded by wilderness, Ht Springs Natinal Park is lcated in the city f Ht Springs, creating a unique mix f natural wnders and city life. Visitrs can explre the park’s beautiful scenery, and then experience the charm f the city’s dwntwn area, with cultural attractins and histric landmarks. The city f Ht Springs ffers varius resting places, restaurants, shps, and ther services that suit the needs f turists.
Whether yu want t experience ht springs, explre the hiking trails, r learn abut the park’s fascinating past, it prvides a memrable experience fr visitrs f all ages.
8. What d we knw abut Ht Springs Natinal Park frm paragraph 1?
A. It has been prtected fr a lng time.B. It is famus fr its rich amusement activities.
C. It is the largest natinal park in Nrth America.D. It prtects a large number f histrical buildings.
9. What is the unusual feature f the ht springs in Ht Springs Natinal Park?
A. They have great medical value.B. They lie in the center f hiking trails.
C. They can keep a cmfrtable temperature.D. They are surrunded by muntain landscapes.
10. Hw des Ht Springs Natinal Park differ frm ther natinal parks?
A. It has unique natural wnders.B. It is lcated in a wild area.
C. It cmbines nature with city life.D. It ffers cheaper service t turists.
11. Where des this text prbably cme frm?
A. A turist map.B. A histry bk.
C. A scientific reprt.D. A gegraphic magazine.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了美国温泉国家公园的历史、其温泉的医疗功效，以及公园的自然景观与城市文化相融合的独特魅力。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Lcated in the Ouachita Muntains, Ht Springs Natinal Park cvers ver 5,500 acres and was the first area f land in Nrth America set aside by the gvernment fr amusement. T prtect the ht springs and their surrunding envirnment, it was named as an fficial prtected area in 1832．On March 4,1921, an act f Cngress transfrmed Ht Springs Reservatin int Ht Springs Natinal Park, prviding key prtectin t the area and imprving its imprtance.(温泉国家公园位于瓦希托山脉，占地超过5500英亩，是北美第一个由政府拨出用于娱乐的土地。为了保护温泉和周围环境，1832年，这里被正式命名为保护区。1921年3月4日，国会通过一项法案，将温泉保护区转变为温泉国家公园，为该地区提供关键保护，并提高其重要性)”可知，温泉被保护了很长时间。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The mst special aspect f the ht springs is that they have lng been recgnized fr their usage in medicine, which can help imprve bld circulatin, reduce inflammatin (炎症), and prvide relief fr muscle and jint pain. Visitrs have the chance t experience the recvery pwer f these ht waters.(温泉最特别的地方在于，人们早就认识到它在医学上的用途，它可以帮助改善血液循环，减少炎症，缓解肌肉和关节疼痛。游客有机会体验这些热水的恢复能力)”可知，温泉国家公园的温泉的亮点在于其具有很好的医疗价值。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Unlike mst natinal parks that are surrunded by wilderness, Ht Springs Natinal Park is lcated in the city f Ht Springs, creating a unique mix f natural wnders and city life.(与大多数被荒野包围的国家公园不同，温泉国家公园位于温泉市，创造了自然奇观和城市生活的独特结合)”可知，与其他国家公园相比，温泉国家公园的不同之处在于它将自然与城市生活相融合。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据本文主要介绍了美国温泉国家公园的历史、其温泉的医疗功效，以及公园的自然景观与城市文化相融合的独特魅力。由此可推知，本文最有可能来源于一本地理杂志。故选D。
D
Humans aren’t the nly animals that mve t music. Parrts have been knwn t d it. And nw rats have been bserved mving their heads in time with the tunes f Mzart, Lady Gaga, Michael Jacksn and thers, accrding t a new paper frm the University f Tky. What’s mre, the rats seems t respnd (回应) t the same beats that get humans’ feet tapping (轻踩).
The researchers played a snata by Mzart fr lab rats at different changes f the riginal speed: 75%, 100%, 200% and 400%. Wireless sensrs (感应器) n the rats, bdies tracked their mvements. Meanwhile, 20 peple tk part in it and listened t the same music thrugh mtin sensr- equipped headphnes.
It was bserved that the rats’ head mvements were the mst bvius when the music played at its nrmal speed, which was arund 132 bpm (beats per minute). The same was true fr the peple taking part in it. The researchers then changed t sme pp sngs such as Lady Gaga’s “Bra This Way” and Michael Jacksn’s “Beat It”，As with Mzart’s, rats mved their heads alng the rhythm (节奏) f pp sngs, similar t hw peple d, at abut 120 t 140 bpm.
The study shwed that bth rats and humane mved their heads alng t the beat in a similar rhythm. The level f head mving frm bth humans and rats decreased as the music sped up. The study suggests that there is smething similar abut the way human and rat brains respnd t rhythm, but rats d nt match their mtins t the beat like humans d. Humans can tell the timing f a beat in advance and mve predictably t it.
Aniruddh Patel, a psychlgist wh studies brain respnse t music, says humans and parrts respnd t beats with big, vluntary mvements such as head shaking, dancing r ft tapping. Patel als stresses that this study des nt shw that rats have the same emtinal assciatins with music as humans d. Yet he believes it culd help shw hw humans and sme ther animals develped a sense f rhythm.
12. What des the study fcus n?
A. Hw music influences rats’ brains.
B. Whether rats can respnd t human music.
C. Which types f music is attractive t rats.
D. Why rats respnd t music like human d.
13. At which speed wuld rats shw the clearest mvements?
A. 75 bpm.B. 100 bpm.C. 132 bpm.D. 150 bpm.
14. Hw are rats different frm humans in respnse t music?
A. They seem mre interested in pp music.
B. They are unable t tell the beat f music in advance.
C. They prefer mving their heads with the beat f music.
D. They make similar mvements t different rhythms.
15. What is Patel’s attitude twards the study?
A. Psitive.B. Dubtful.C. Uncaring.D. Negative.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了老鼠能对人类音乐做出反应。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“And nw rats have been bserved mving their heads in time with the tunes f Mzart, Lady Gaga, Michael Jacksn and thers, accrding t a new paper frm the University f Tky. What’s mre, the rats seems t respnd t the same beats that get humans’ feet tapping .(根据东京大学的一篇新论文，现在人们已经观察到老鼠随着莫扎特、Lady Gaga、迈克尔·杰克逊等人的音乐节拍移动头部。更重要的是，老鼠似乎对人类跺脚的节奏有同样的反应。)”和文章第四段“The study shwed that bth rats and humane mved their heads alng t the beat in a similar rhythm. The level f head mving frm bth humans and rats decreased as the music sped up. The study suggests that there is smething similar abut the way human and rat brains respnd t rhythm, but rats d nt match their mtins t the beat like humans d.(研究表明，老鼠和人类都以相似的节奏随着节拍移动头部。随着音乐的加速，人和老鼠的头部移动水平都降低了。这项研究表明，人类和老鼠的大脑对节奏的反应有一些相似之处，但老鼠的动作不像人类那样与节奏相匹配。)”可推知，研究主要集中于老鼠是否能对人类的音乐做出反应。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“It was bserved that the rats’ head mvements were the mst bvius when the music played at its nrmal speed, which was arund 132 bpm (beats per minute).(据观察，当音乐以正常速度播放时，即每分钟132拍左右，老鼠的头部运动最为明显。)”可知，大鼠在每分钟132拍时表现出最清晰的动作。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The study suggests that there is smething similar abut the way human and rat brains respnd t rhythm, but rats d nt match their mtins t the beat like humans d. Humans can tell the timing f a beat in advance and mve predictably t it.(这项研究表明，人类和老鼠的大脑对节奏的反应有一些相似之处，但老鼠的动作不像人类那样与节奏相匹配。人类可以提前判断出节拍的时间，并根据节拍做出相应的动作。)”可知，老鼠和人类对于音乐反应的不同之处在于它们无法提前分辨出音乐的节拍。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Yet he believes it culd help shw hw humans and sme ther animals develped a sense f rhythm.(然而，他相信这有助于展示人类和其他一些动物是如何发展出节奏感的。)”可推知，Patel对这项研究的态度是积极的。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Up t 40% f the fd prduced never makes it t ur muths. Fd waste is a huge prblem. ____16____ Here are ways t reduce fd waste.
·____17____ Many f us blindly thrw things that lk nvel int the shpping baskets and then let them sit in the fridge until they g bad. S, befre shpping, think abut exactly what yu need fr the week, make a detailed shpping list t prevent verbuying and stick t it.
·Get creative with repurpsing fd. Befre walking straight t the bin with yur ld carrts, ask yurself: Can I make this int smething new? ____18____ Yu needn’t fllw any cmplicated recipes t turn lder prduce int a fresh new dish. Just use yur head t make the best f it. Fr example, rast the carrts as a side dish r cut them fr a salad.
·Yur freezer is yur friend. If yu’re unable t use fd befre it’s t late, turn t the trusty freezer. Freezing fd helps lck in its flavr and nutrients. S next time yu taste perfect strawberries fr yur summer picnic, dn’t thrw the ther leftvers immediately. ____19____
·Dn’t be fled by that “sell by” date. Typically, these labels are a best guess by businesses as t when their prducts will be finest. They’re nt hard-and-fast rules abut when that cheese has t g straight t the bin. They’re abut quality, nt abut fd safety. Next time yu d a sweep f yur strerm, remember that. ____20____ If it desn’t pass, turn t the bin.
A. Make a plan ahead f time.
B. The answer is prbably yes.
C. Add up what yu let g t waste.
D. The gd news is that each f us can help slve it.
E. When yu’re in dubt, d a smell test t check its quality.
F. They may end up in landfills and prduce greenhuse gases.
G. Instead, bag and put them in the freezer in case yu want them.
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. B 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了减少食物浪费的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Fd waste is a huge prblem.(食物浪费是个大问题)”以及后文“Here are ways t reduce fd waste.(以下是减少食物浪费的方法)”可知，食物浪费是个问题，但是后文给出了解决方案，说明是可以解决的。故D选项“好消息是我们每个人都可以帮助解决这个问题”符合语境，故选D。
17题详解】
根据后文“Many f us blindly thrw things that lk nvel int the shpping baskets and then let them sit in the fridge until they g bad. S, befre shpping, think abut exactly what yu need fr the week, make a detailed shpping list t prevent verbuying and stick t it.(我们中的许多人盲目地把看起来新奇的东西扔进购物篮，然后把它们放在冰箱里，直到它们变质。所以，在购物之前，想清楚你这周需要什么，制定一个详细的购物清单，以防止过度购买，并严格遵守清单)”可知，本段的主旨是提前制定食物购买的计划。故A选项“提前制定计划”符合语境，故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Befre walking straight t the bin with yur ld carrts, ask yurself: Can I make this int smething new?(在把你的旧胡萝卜直接扔进垃圾桶之前，问问自己：我能把它变成新的东西吗？)”可知，本句主要回答上文的问题，故B选项“答案可能是‘是的’”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“S next time yu taste perfect strawberries fr yur summer picnic, dn’t thrw the ther leftvers immediately.(所以，下次你在夏日野餐中品尝到完美的草莓时，不要马上扔掉其他的剩菜)”可知，本句承接上文，说明如何利用这些剩菜。故G选项“相反，把它们装起来放在冰箱里，以备不时之需”符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“·Dn’t be fled by that “sell by” date. Typically, these labels are a best guess by businesses as t when their prducts will be finest. They’re nt hard-and-fast rules abut when that cheese has t g straight t the bin. They’re abut quality, nt abut fd safety. Next time yu d a sweep f yur strerm, remember that.( ·不要被‘销售截止日期’所欺骗。通常，这些标签是企业对其产品何时最好的最佳猜测。他们没有硬性规定什么时候奶酪必须直接进垃圾箱。他们关注的是质量，而不是食品安全。下次你打扫储藏室的时候，记住这一点)”以及后文“If it desn’t pass, turn t the bin.(如果没有通过，就转向垃圾箱)”可知，本句主要是建议在打扫储藏室的时候检查食物的质量来确定要不要丢掉。故E选项“如果你拿不准，那就试一试，看看它的质量”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When it came t weather, I was always cmplaining abut wind r rain. Althugh it was ____21____ unusual fr the arrival f wind r rain, it caused ____22____ fr me t g ut, and smetimes it even created an awful atmsphere, s I ____23____ it strngly.
On a rainy day, I met a meterlgist（气象学家）, wh was very ____24____ at my great anger caused by rain that made a little incnvenience fr me. He asked, “Have yu ever seen typhn? D yu knw what wuld happen t the wrld if there were n typhn?” I ____25____ my head.
“Well, let me tell yu,” the meterlgist said. “Withut it the ____26____ f freshwater will be mre serius, fr it is a great surce f water supply n the earth. Withut it, there wuld be a greater ____27____ in the distributin（分布）f warmth. The equatrial （赤道的）area that receives the mst sunshine n the earth ____28____ n typhn t disperse（驱散）heat. Withut typhn, the trpics wuld be even htter, while the frigid znes much ____29____. As a result, the temperate（温带的）znes wuld _____30_____ frm the wrld.”
Ignrance made me _____31_____. I disliked wind nly because it ruffled（吹乱）my hair. I hated rain nly because I had t carry an umbrella. But I had n idea at that typhn—smething a thusand times mre vilent and disturbing than wind r rain—was a _____32_____ t the existence f mankind.
It _____33_____ t my mind that hard as it is fr peple t guard against typhn, it is advisable fr a man t stp t think fr a mment befre he cmplains. “What if typhn disappeared altgether? What wuld the wrld becme then?” The _____34_____ will keep him calm and lead him clser t the truth—he will be better _____35_____ f the wrld he lives in.
21. A. smethingB. anythingC. nthingD. everything
22. A. inabilityB. pssibilityC. pprtunityD. incnvenience
23. A. escapedB. punishedC. blamedD. fught
24. A. dubtfulB. puzzledC. delightedD. frightened
25. A. hungB. nddedC. turnedD. shk
26. A. shrtageB. supplyC. amuntD. extinctin
27. A. imbalanceB. unfairnessC. significanceD. influence
28. A. hldsB. keepsC. leavesD. depends
29. A. clderB. warmerC. htterD. wilder
30. A. disappearB. mveC. escapeD. remve
31. A. far-sightedB. shrt-sightedC. in sightD. ut f sight
32. A. mustB. desireC. warningD. wrry
33. A. happenedB. struckC. sprungD. ccurred
34. A. theriesB. answersC. situatinsD. cmplaints
35. A. carefulB. afraidC. awareD. tired
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了作者总是抱怨风或雨，因为他们给自己造成了不便，直到作者听到气象学家解释台风的重要作用后，才意识到自己目光短浅，认识到台风——比风或雨更猛烈，比风或雨更令人让人不安，是人类生存必须的东西。
【21题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：虽然刮风下雨并没有什么特别的，但它给我的外出带来了不便，有时甚至造成了一种可怕的气氛，所以我强烈地指责它。A. smething一些事情；B. anything任何事情； C. nthing没有事情；D. everything每件事情。根据该句中的Althugh以及下文“unusual fr the arrival f wind r rain, it caused ____2____ fr me t g ut”由此可知，此处应表示虽然刮风下雨并没有什么特别的，但它给我的外出带来了不便。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然刮风下雨并没有什么特别的，但它给我的外出带来了不便，有时甚至造成了一种可怕的气氛，所以我强烈地指责它。A. inability无能；B. pssibility可能性；C.pprtunity机会；D. incnvenience不便。根据上文“I was always cmplaining abut wind r rain.”提到作者抱怨刮风或下雨，以及下文“and smetimes it even created an awful atmsphere”由此可推知，此处应表示作者认为刮风下雨给外出带来了不便。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然刮风下雨并没有什么特别的，但它给我的外出带来了不便，有时甚至造成了一种可怕的气氛，所以我强烈地指责它。A. escaped逃脱；B. punished惩罚；C. blamed责备；D. fught斗争。根据上文“it caused ____2____ fr me t g ut, and smetimes it even created an awful atmsphere”提到刮风下雨给外出带来了不便，以及有时甚至造成了一种可怕的气氛，可知，此处应表示作者强烈地指责这种天气。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个下雨天，我遇到了一位气象学家，他对我因为雨给我带来的一点不便而产生的愤怒感到非常困惑。A. dubtful怀疑的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. delighted高兴的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文“at my great anger caused by rain that made a little incnvenience fr me”以及后文提到的气象学家认为台风对我们有好处，由此可知，他对我的态度感到困惑。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我摇了摇头。A. hung悬挂；B. ndded点头；C. turned转向；D. shk摇头。根据上文“D yu knw what wuld happen t the wrld if there were n typhn?”” 气象学家的提问，以及下文““Well, let me tell yu,” the meterlgist said.”气象学家给作者的解释，由此可推知，作者是不知道答案的，故摇了摇头。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有它，淡水短缺将更加严重，因为它是地球上重要的水源。A. shrtage短缺；B. supply供应；C. amunt数量；D. extinctin灭绝。根据上文“Withut it”以及下文“…will be mre serius, fr it is a great surce f water supply n the earth.”由此可知，此处应表示没有台风，淡水短缺将更加严重，因为它是地球上重要的水源。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有它，热量的分布将会更加不平衡。A. imbalance不平衡；B. unfairness不公平；C. significance意义；D. influence影响。根据下文“in the distributin f warmth”可知，此处应表示没有台风，热量的分布将会更加不平衡。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：赤道地区是地球上日照最多的地区，它依靠台风来分散热量。A. hlds持有，把握；B. keeps保持；C. leaves离开；D. depends依靠。根据下文句意以及下文“…n typhn t disperse heat”由此可知，此处应表示赤道地区是地球上日照最多的地区，它依靠台风来分散热量。故选D项。
29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果没有台风，热带地区会更热，而寒带地区会更冷。A. clder更冷的；B. warmer更暖和的；C. htter更热的；D. wilder更野的。根据上文“the trpics wuld be even htter,”以及while可知，此处应表示没有台风，热带地区会更热，而寒带地区会更冷。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果，温带地区将从世界上消失。A. disappear消失；B. mve移动；C. escape逃脱；D. remve移除。根据上文提到的热带地区会更热，而寒带地区会更冷。由此可知，此处应表示温带地区将从世界上消失。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：无知使我目光短浅。A. far-sighted有远见的；B. shrt-sighted目光短浅的；C. in sight在眼前；D. ut f sight看不见。根据该句Ignrance 以及下文“I disliked wind nly because it ruffled（吹乱）my hair.”由此可知，此处应表示无知使我目光短浅。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我不知道台风——比风雨还要猛烈和令人不安一千倍的东西——是人类生存所必需的。A. must必需品；B. desire渴望；C. warning警告；D. wrry担心。根据上文提到的没有台风可能造成的负面影响，由此可知，此处应表示台风是人类生存所必需的。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，虽然防台风很困难，但一个人在抱怨之前停下来思考一下是明智的。A. happened发生；B. struck打击；C. sprung突然启动；D. ccurred发生。根据下文“…that hard as it is fr peple t guard against typhn, it is advisable fr a man t stp t think fr a mment befre he cmplains.”可知，此处应表示我突然想到，虽然防台风很困难，但一个人在抱怨之前停下来思考一下是明智的。It sprung t my mind that…“我突然想到”为固定句型。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些答案会让他冷静下来，让他更接近真相——他会更好地了解他所生活的世界。A. theries理论；B. answers答案；C. situatins情况；D. cmplaints抱怨。根据下文“…will keep him calm and lead him clser t the truth”提到更接近真相，由此可知，此处应表示这些答案会让他冷静下来。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些答案会让他冷静下来，让他更接近真相——他会更好地了解他所生活的世界。A. careful小心的；B. afraid害怕的；C. aware有意识的；D. tired疲劳的。根据句意以及下文“…the wrld he lives in”由此可知，此处应表示他会更好地了解他所生活的世界。be aware f“了解，意识到”。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In late August, 2005, Hurricane Katrina, ne f the mst ____36____（destry）hurricanes in American histry, hit the suth-eastern parts f the cuntry. It began n August 23, ____37____（cause）nly slight damage in the beginning. But it sn grew t be a Categry5hurricane ver the warm waters f the Gulf f Mexic and caused severe damage alng ____38____（it）paths.
New Orleans, a city ____39____ was built largely belw sea level, was wrst hit. In reactin t the cming hurricane, the city gvernment gave ____40____ rder t clear the city ____41____ all residents. Hwever, sme f them chse t stay because they believed that the city’s defense system wuld keep them safe and sund, ____42____ thers were unable t leave because they have n access ____43____（transprt）. The defense system finally failed. As a result, 80% f the city was flded fr weeks. Peple ____44____（stick）in the city withut pwer, fd r drinking water, waiting fr rescue with anxiety.
The hurricane died away n August 31. Hurricane Katrina, which caused nearly 2,000 deaths, _____45_____（leave）millins f peple hmeless.
【答案】36. destructive
37. causing
38. its 39. which##that
40. an 41. f
42. while##but
43. t transprt
44. were stuck
45 left
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了2005年8月下旬，美国历史上最具破坏性的飓风之一卡特里娜飓风袭击了美国东南部。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：2005年8月下旬，美国历史上最具破坏性的飓风之一卡特里娜飓风袭击了美国东南部。由空后hurricanes为名词以及空前the mst可知，此处为形容词构成最高级形式，修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填destructive。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它始于8月23日，一开始只造成了轻微的损害。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，cause和逻辑主语It为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填causing。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：但它很快就在墨西哥湾温暖的水域上空发展成为五级飓风，并在其路径上造成了严重破坏。由空后paths为名词可知，此处为形容词性物主代词修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填its。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：新奥尔良是一个大部分建在海平面以下的城市，受灾最严重。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which/that引导的定语从句，先行词a city在从句中作主语成分。故填which/that。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：为了应对即将来临的飓风，市政府下令疏散所有居民。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语give an rder“下命令”，满足句意要求，所以此处为冠词an的填入。故填an。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：为了应对即将来临的飓风，市政府下令疏散所有居民。clear sth f sth从……清除……、将……驱离某地。故填f。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：然而，他们中的一些人选择留下来，因为他们相信城市的防御系统会保证他们的安全，而另一些人则无法离开，因为他们没有交通工具。根据上下句句意可知，此处为连词while/but表示“而，但是”，满足句意要求。故填while/but。
【43题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：然而，他们中的一些人选择留下来，因为他们相信城市的防御系统会保证他们的安全，而另一些人则无法离开，因为他们没有交通工具。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语have access t d“有权限做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填t transprt。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：人们被困在没有电力、食物和饮用水的城市里，焦急地等待救援。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，主语Peple和stick为被动关系，结合上下句时态可知，为过去时，所以此处为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填were stuck。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：卡特里娜飓风造成近2000人死亡，数百万人无家可归。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合上文时态可知，此处应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故填left。
★第三节 课文默写（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
46. Fr anther thing, due t the Amazn’s ht climate, it is difficult fr the sil t____________________enugh nutrients.(根据句意填空)
【答案】build up
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：另一方面，由于亚马逊炎热的气候，土壤很难积累足够的养分。根据其后的名词“nutrients”可知，所设空处应填build up固定短语，意为“积聚、堆积”，其后接“enugh nutrients (足够的养分)”作宾语，动词不定式后用动词原形，故填build up。
47. It has t be a cmmunity-wide effrt, and everyne can help by fllwing the glden rule: reduce, reuse and ______.（根据句意填空）
【答案】recycle
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：它必须是一个全社会的努力，每个人都可以通过遵循黄金法则来帮助:减少，再利用和回收。根据句意“回收”可知应用动词recycle，结合上文reduce, reuse and可知为原形。故填recycle。
48. After a rll call cnfirmed that all were ______ they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each ther. (根据句意填空)
【答案】safe and sund
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：在点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们放松下来，一边哭一边笑着互相拥抱。根据句意可知，此处应填汉语“安然无恙的”，短语safe and sund，意为“安然无恙的”，故填safe and sund。
49. Nw it was wildly bright, nw f a pale and dying red, and nw again it burnt with an ______ light! （根据句意填空）
【答案】unbearable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：它时而明亮得出奇，时而变成淡红色，时而又燃烧着令人难以忍受的光芒!。根据句意，此处的意思为“它以一种难以忍受的光烧着了”。结合句意以及上文中的“nw f a pale and dying red, and nw again it burnt”可知，此处表示“以一种难以忍受的光”应为“with an unbearable light”符合语境。故填 unbearable。
50. Only in this way can the Internet be ______.（根据句意填空）
【答案】a place f discvery, wnder and inspiratin fr everyne
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：只有这样，互联网才能成为每个人发现、惊奇和灵感的地方。表示“地方”应用名词place；表示“每个人发现、惊奇和灵感”翻译为discvery, wnder and inspiratin fr everyne，与place构成所属关系，应用介词f。故填a place f discvery, wnder and inspiratin fr everyne。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
51. 上周五你参加了学生会组织的“爱心义卖（Charity Sale）”活动，请你为校英文报写一篇报道。内容包括：
1．活动过程；
2．收获与感想。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Schl Charity Sale
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Last Friday witnessed a schl charity sale in ur schl playgrund. Organized by the Student Unin it was available t all students, with the aim f cultivating students' gd quality f caring fr thers.
The sale kicked ff at 5 PM, lasting fr an hur, with well-prepared items f every class put n sale. At each and every stall lay a wide range f bks, schl supplies, sprts equipment, r whatever.. Within an hur all the items were sld ut. It is said that the mney raised fr charity will be dnated t the disabled children in ur city.
The activity greatly wn ur favr. Nt nly did this sale equip us with the rganizatinal capabilities, it als enhanced the awareness f all teachers and students t give lve.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为“爱心义卖”活动写一篇报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
筹集：raise→cllect
目的：aim→gal
给予：enhance→ffer
加强：enhance→strengthen
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Organized by the Student Unin it was available t all students, with the aim f cultivating students' gd quality f caring fr thers.
拓展句：TOrganized by the Student Unin it was available t all students, whse aim is t cultivae students' gd quality f caring fr thers.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Organized by the Student Unin, it was available t all students, with the aim f cultivating students' gd quality f caring fr thers. (运用了过去分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Nt nly did this sale equip us with the rganizatinal capabilities, it als enhanced the awareness f all teachers and students t give lve. (运用了部分倒装句)
第二节（满分25分）
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was after midnight last December and we were driving hme frm a party. The weather had been awful, with the rain puring n ur 40-minute jurney there. Paul, my husband, was driving ur Frd Ranger pick-up truck and my seven-year-ld sn, Silas, was in the back.
What was s frightening was the speed f water. One minute we were halfway hme, the next there was water ging up ver the bnnet (汽车引擎盖). The rushing water lifted ur car up and pushed it back against a hedge (树篱). I felt terrified f the pwer f the water, and Paul was trying t cntrl the truck.
Water was instantly arund my ankles. I reached my hand back and felt it arund Silas’s t. Paul climbed ut thrugh a windw, at which pint Silas wke up, cnfused. I managed t pass him thrugh the windw t Paul, wh was nw n the truck’s rf.
Paul tld me I needed t get ut, but I culdn’t pen my dr. I attempted t push my bdy thrugh the driver’s windw and was left clinging n t the supprt between the windws. Paul grabbed my hd (兜帽) t help in vain and I culd hear Silas crying, s I tld him t let g—Silas needed him. He refused, but I insisted—I wanted t knw Silas wuld be safe. As I saw his empty, utstretched hand, the water tk me away. I was a strng swimmer but I had n ptin but t sht dwn rapids. Shcked, I gasped fr breath and tried t keep my head abve water.
It was extremely dark but I culd just make ut trees. As I passed, I reached ut and grabbed tw slim branches, hlding tightly. I hugged the tree with my knees. My plan was just t hld n. Nt knwing if Paul and Silas were safe, I thught that if they did survive, they wuld try t save me. I wndered wh wuld cme t my rescue.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After nearly 40 minutes, I saw a small bat sptlight.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As I rse t my feet, I hugged my rescuers.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
After nearly 40 minutes, I saw a s mall bat sptlight. On seeing the chance f survival, I started t yell and wave my hand fr help, straining all my strength. Frtunately, smene nticed my mvement and nt fr a lng time, I culd figure ut that a rescuer was trying t talk t me. Hwever, I culdn’t hear him clearly due t the rar f the water. Eventually, the rescue team managed t steer a bat t my shulder, and fur strng arms lifted me int the bat and transferred me t a safe place. Mixed with raindrps and tears, I felt a sense f relief and safety.
As I rse t my feet, I hugged my rescuers. With tears streaming dwn my face, I expressed my heart-felt gratitude t the heres. Meanwhile, I inquired eagerly and anxiusly, “I was wndering if yu had seen a man with a s even-year-ld by?” The mment I uttered the wrds I culd figure ut tw familiar figures rushing twards me. We three united nce again, hugging tightly, and cmfrting each ther with smiles. After what seemed a lng time, the dawn brke. Sunshine and warmth wrapped us and we did grasp the value f life and reunin.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者某天参加完派对开车回家，结果半路遇到了暴雨，作者的车被水淹没，作者也和丈夫与儿子失散了，她希望他们能安全，同时也担心自己的安危。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“过了将近40分钟，我看见一只小船在聚光灯下”可知，第一段可描写救援人员营救作者的经过以及作者的感受。
②由第二段首句内容“当我站起来的时候，我拥抱了救援人员”可知，第二段可描写作者和家人团聚，感悟都爱了生命和团聚的价值。
2.续写线索：看到小船——前来营救——被转移到安全地——和家人团聚——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①表达：express/extend
②明白：figure ut/understand
③询问：inquire/ask
情绪类
①幸运：frtunately/luckily
②安慰：relief/ease
【点睛】[高分句型1] On seeing the chance f survival, I started t yell and wave my hand fr help, straining all my strength. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Frtunately, smene nticed my mvement and nt fr a lng time, I culd figure ut that a rescuer was trying t talk t me. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
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