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河南省周口市川汇区周口恒大中学2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题
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这是一份河南省周口市川汇区周口恒大中学2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题，共22页。试卷主要包含了请将答案正确填写在答题卡上等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考试时间：120分钟；满分：120分
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、C D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Hw t celebrate Purim
What is Purim?
Purim(which means “lts” in Persian)is a Jewish hliday that celebrates hw the Jewish peple were saved frm being cmpletely destryed in ancient Persia as tld in The Bk f Esther.
Hw is Purim celebrated?
Purim is an extremely festive and happy ccasin that is celebrated with the cmmunity. A few f the ways Purim is typically celebrated include:
Reading the Megilah r “scrll” （i. e., The Bk f Esther）at night and in the mrning
Making large sunds with grggers（nisemakers）whenever Haman's name is mentined in the Megillah reading
Dressing up in cstumes
Having a festive hliday meal
Drinking and merrymaking
Putting n a humrus play in cstumes knwn as a Purim shpiel(which means “play” in Yiddish)
Giving gifts f snacks and ther fd t friends and neighbrs
Giving gifts f mney, fd r drinks t the pr
Hw t greet smene n Purim?
T greet smene n Purim, yu can say, “Happy Purim” r use ne f the fllwing:
Chag Purim sameach! (“Happy Purim hliday”)
Purim sameach! (“Happy Purim”)
Chag sameach! (“Happy hliday”)
When is Purim?
Purim happens n the 14th f the Hebrew mnth f Adar(during leap years，which happen every tw t three years in the Hebrew calendar, an extra mnth, Adar I, is added and it is celebrated n the 14th f Adar Ⅱ).
This year, Purim begins n the evening f Wednesday, March 16 and ends the evening f Thursday, March 17. Hwever, in Jerusalem and ther walled cities, it is celebrated n the 15th f Adar, based n pems frm Chapter 9 f The Bk f Esther.
1．What is the atmsphere like during the time f Purim?
A．Serius.B．Stressful.C．Scaring.D．Lively.
2．What d peple usually d t celebrate Purim?
A．Give a humrus perfrmance.B．Ask fr snacks frm neighbrs.
C．Say “Happy Purim” dr t dr.D．Have a hliday meal with the pr.
3．When is Purim celebrated in Jerusalem this year?
A．On March15.B．On a Tuesday.
C．On the 14th f Adar.D．On the 15th f Adar.
B
Peple have grwn taller ver the last century,with Suth Krean wmen shting up by mre than 20 cm n average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5 cm. A glbal study lked at the average height f 18-year-lds in 200 cuntries between 1914 and 2014. The results shw that while Swedes were the tallest peple in the wrld in 1914.
Dutch men have risen frm 12th place t the tp spt with an average height f 182.5 cm. Latvian wmen, meanwhile, rse frm 28th place in 1914 t becme the tallest in the wrld a century later,with an average height f 169.8 cm.
A little extra height brings a number f advantages says Eli Ribli f Imperial Cllege."Being taller is assciated with lnger life expectancy,"he said."This is largely due t a lwer risk f dying f cardivascular(心血管的)disease amng taller peple."
But while height has increased arund the wrld, the trend in many African cuntries causes cncern, says Ribli.While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed(反转) in recent years, with height decreasing amng 18-year-lds.
“One reasn fr these decreases in height is the ecnmic situatin in the 1980s,” said Alexander Mradi f the University f Sussex. The nutritinal and health crises led t many children and teenagers failing t reach their ptential height.
James Bentham, a c-authr f the research frm Imperial Cllege, believes the glbal trend f increasing height is f great imprtance. “Hw tall we are nw is strngly influenced by the envirnment we grew up in," he said. "If we give children the best pssible start in life nw, they will be healthier and mre prductive fr decades t cme.”
4．What des the glbal study tell us abut peple's height in the last hundred years?
A．There is great difference acrss cntinents
B．There has been an bvius increase in mst cuntries.
C．The increase in peple's height has been quickening.
D．The increase in wmen's height is bigger than in men's
5．What des Eli Ribli say abut taller peple?
A．They tend t live lnger.
B．They enjy an easier life
C．They generally risk fewer diseases.
D．They have greater expectatins in life.
6．What d we learn abut 18-year-lds in Uganda and Niger?
A．They grw up slwer than their peers in ther cuntries.
B．They are actually shrter than their earlier generatins.
C．They find it hard t bring their ptential int full play.
D．They have experienced many changes f gvernment.
7．What des James Bentham suggest we d?
A．Watch clsely the glbal trend in children's develpment.
B．Make sure that ur children grw up t their full height.
C．Try every means pssible t imprve ur envirnment.
D．Ensure ur children grw up in an ideal envirnment.
C
Wuld yu believe that the first utstanding deaf teacher in America was a Frenchman? His name was Laurent Cleric. He became a friend f Thmas Hpkins Gallaudet and tgether they funded America’s first schl fr the deaf.
Laurent Cleric was brn in a small village near Lyns, France, n December 26, 1785. When he was ne year ld, he fell int a fire, lsing bth his hearing and his sense f smell. At 12, Laurent entered the Ryal Institutin fr the Deaf in Paris where he excelled in his studies. After he graduated, the schl asked him t stay n as an assistant teacher.
Meanwhile, in America, Thmas Hpkins Gallaudet was studying t be a minister. He was very cncerned abut the lack f educatinal pprtunities fr the deaf. Therefre, in 1815, Gallaudet sailed t Lndn, England t seek ideas n hw t teach deaf peple. While he was there, he met a French educatr f the deaf wh invited him t g t Paris t spend three mnths learning at the Ryal Institutin fr the Deaf, the schl where Laurent Cleric was teaching. Gallaudet accepted the ffer. The tw wrked and studied well tgether. When the time came fr Gallaudet t return, he asked Cleric t cme with him. Cleric accepted n ne cnditin: that he wuld stay in America nly a shrt time.
The tw men set sail n June 18, 1816. The vyage acrss the Atlantic Ocean tk 52 days; hwever, Cleric and Gallaudet put the time t gd use. Cleric studied English, and Gallaudet studied sign language. They discussed the schl fr the deaf which they planned t pen. On the lng trip, they had many cnversatins abut educatin and deafness. The year after they arrived, they funded a schl fr the deaf in Harfrd, Cnnecticut.
At the schl, Cleric led a busy life. He taught signs t Principal Gallaudet; he taught the pupils; and he taught hearing men wh came t the schl t study deaf educatin.
In 1819, Cleric married Eliza Crcker Bardman, ne f his pupils. They had six children. He retired frm teaching in 1858. Althugh he had intended t return t France, he never did. He died n July 18, 1869 in the United States.
8．Why did Thmas Hpkins Gallaudet sail t Lndn?
A．He needed t finish his studies t becme a minister.
B．It was the easiest way t get t France.
C．He wanted t study their system f deaf educatin.
D．He wanted t marry Alice Cgswell.
9．Frm the infrmatin in this passage we can infer that ________.
A．Laurent Cleric was an intelligent man
B．Cleric had difficulties learning language
C．Cleric married Eliza in rder t get his Green Card
D．Cleric was paid well because he made such imprtant cntributins t sciety
10．On their trip frm Paris t America, Cleric and Gallaudet ________.
A．played cards and scialized
B．studied and discussed their plans fr a deaf schl
C．funded a schl fr the deaf
D．Gallaudet studied English and Cleric studied Sign Language
11．The main idea f this passage culd best be stated as __________.
A．Cleric managed his time well, and was able t teach a lt f infrmatin in a shrt perid f time
B．Thmas Gallaudet was indebted t Cleric fr all that he taught him
C．Cleric preferred teaching deaf students t hearing students
D．Cleric, an educated Frenchman, had a great influence n American Deaf Educatin
D
Are yu carrying t much n yur back at yur back at schl? I’m sure lts f children f yur age will say “Yes”. Nt nly the students in China have this prblem, but children in the United States als have heavy schl bags.
Dctrs are starting t wrry that yunger and yunger students are having back and neck prblems as a result f schl bags being t heavy fr them.
“It’s hard fr me t g upstairs with my bag because it’s s heavy,” said Rick Hammnd, an 11-year-ld student in the US.
Rick is amng students wh have cmmn schl bags with tw straps（带子）t carry them, but many ther students chse rlling（有滚轮的）bags.
But even with rlling bags, getting up stairs and buses is still a prblem fr children. Many f them have hurt their backs and necks because f the heavy schl bags.
But hw much is t much? Dctrs say students shuld carry n mre than 10% t 15% f their wn bdy weight.
Scut Batch, a back dctr, said children under Grade 4 shuld stay with 10%. But it is als imprtant that lder children dn’t stay with ver 15%, because their bdies are still grwing.
“Children are lsing their balance and falling dwn with their schl bags,” he said.
Parents and teachers are starting t tell children t nly take hme library bks they will be reading that night. Sme teachers are using pieces f paper r thin wrkbks fr students t take hme.
One f the best answers is, as sme children said, t have n hmewrk at all!
12．Frm the passage we can knw that ________.
A．nly children in China carry t heavy schl bags
B．children in ther cuntries dn’t carry t heavy bags
C．bth children in China and the US carry t heavy schl bags
D．nly children in the US carry t heavy schl bags
13．If a child carries a heavy schl bag ________.
A．his feet will be hurtB．his head and arms will be hurt
C．his hands will be hurtD．his back and neck will be hurt
14．Accrding t the dctr, Sctt Batch, if a child in Grade 5 weighs（重）abut 30 kils, the schl bag he carries shuld nt be ver ________.
A．5 kilsB．3 kilsC．5.5 kilsD．4.5 kils
15．Sme students think the best answer t this prblem is that ________.
A．they shuld have a little hmewrk t d after they get hme
B．they shuld nly take hme library bks they will read that night
C．their teachers had better nt ask them t d any hmewrk
D．they shuld use thin wrkbks instead f thick nes
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Health Benefits Of Watermeln
Apart frm a juicy and refreshing fruit, watermeln has diverse benefits t its credit. Over 90% f watermeln is water which is saked with healthy nutrients. It is a rich surce f ptassium, Vitamin A, Vitamin B & C． Watermeln juice is the mst favrite t all health-cnscius peple as it is a great surce f antixidants(抗氧化物). 16
Fr Radiant Skin
17 Regular cnsumptin f watermeln prvides yur skin with adequate supplements and keeps yur skin radiant. In fact, it is well knwn that the mre the quantity f water cnsumptin is, the better yur skin is. And hence, it is ne f the best surces f vitamin A and yur abslutely glwing skin!
Fr the Preventin f Sme Diseases
Like many ther fruits, watermeln t has the gdness f preventing inflammatin, muscle sreness, and even cancer. Watermeln has abundant nutrients like lycpene(番茄红素), antixidants, vitamins and fiber in it. 18
19
Since it is already knwn that the fruit prevents muscle sreness, it als eases the medical cnditin f muscle cramps which usually ccurs t a wman whse baby is due in twelve weeks.
Als, what ne cannt ignre is the refreshing prperty and delicius taste f this fruit. Mst peple find it difficult t cnsume healthy drinks because f their unfavrable taste, 20 . S, whether ne is health-cnscius r nt, watermeln and its juice are never ging t disappint yu.
A．These help yur rgans functin well and keep yur bdy healthy and fit.
B．Fr a Mther-t-be with Bne Diseases
C．Here are sme f the watermeln’s health benefits we rarely realize.
D．but that’s nt the case with watermeln.
E．Fr Pregnant Wmen
F．Watermeln is abundant in Vitamin A that keeps yur skin glwing.
G．s it is the same with watermeln.
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30 分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Thrughut histry, many lives have been lst at the hands f severe weather. Meterlgists (气象学家) and scientists alike are always investigating new ways t increase the warning time fr strms, with the hpe f reducing the 21 f lives. In the past few decades, lcal weather radar advancements have been made, which allw fr better accuracy in 22 the paths f strms.
Meterlgists and scientists have been able t successfully track severe thunderstrms and pssible trnades by using an advanced tracking system called NEXRAD (Next-Generatin Radar). NEXRAD is a tracking netwrk 23 158 Dppler weather radars. And during a strm this high-reslutin cmputerized 24 takes readings n the amunt f precipitatin (降水) in the air, the mvements in the cluds, and the wind speeds.
These 25 are bunced back t a lcal weather cmputer, and a clrful image appears n the screen, giving meterlgists a clear picture f what kind f weather is n the hrizn. This final image is what yu see when the meterlgist breaks in with severe weather reprts and warnings. Mst 26 , n yur televisin screen yu will see a cmputer animated image f the appraching strm.
If the strm is severe enugh, then the Natinal Weather Service (NWS) will 27 severe weather reprts f severe thunderstrm warnings fr yur area. 28 , the strm captured n the radar will have prduced strng readable winds, detectable lightning, and sme hail (冰雹). Paying attentin t the weather map is 29 when severe weather is arund.
On the televisin screen yu will see several clrs n the precipitatin (降水量) map, 30 frm blue (the lightest) t black (the heaviest). If the clrs fr yur 31 area are yellw, take cautin. If the clrs range between range and red, take cver immediately, as damaging winds and dangerus lightning have been reprted.
When lcal weather radar in Atlanta, Gergia reprted high winds, 32 wind patterns and large hail earlier this year, the Natinal Weather Service issued a trnad 33 . Meterlgists in the area used the cllected data t predict what path the strm wuld take, 34 which areas needed t be warned.
Thanks t this technlgy, mst residents received the severe weather reprts early enugh t seek 35 befre the strm hit. Paying attentin t yur lcal weather surce during severe weather plays a vital rle in yur safety.
21．A．lssB．increaseC．prtectinD．value
22．A．changingB．cntrllingC．predictingD．guiding
23．A．faced withB．expsed tC．invlved inD．made up f
24．A．structureB．systemC．mdeD．style
25．A．figuresB．dataC．readingsD．statistics
26．A．likelyB．evidentlyC．interestinglyD．imprtantly
27．A．decideB．estimateC．handleD．issue
28．A．By the wayB．In that caseC．T sme extentD．On the cntrary
29．A．vitalB．reasnableC．nrmalD．available
30．A．expandingB．spreadingC．rangingD．extending
31．A．prperB．specificC．typicalD．regular
32．A．straightB．uniqueC．generalD．circular
33．A．prcessB．threatC．warningD．sign
34．A．indicatingB．recgnizingC．revealingD．recmmending
35．A．rescueB．residenceC．supprtD．shelter
第Ⅱ 卷(非选择题 共55分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently, a new type f weather cnditin called atmspheric lakes has been bserved, existing 37 (primary) in ne particular part f the wrld: small, slw-mving, misture-rich (富含水气的) pls.
This unique type f strm ccurs ver the western Indian Ocean and mves tward Africa. Cmpared with mst strms 38 (create) by a vrtex (漩涡), the lakes are prduced by water vapr cncentratins that are thick enugh 39 (prduce) rain. These atmspheric lakes are similar 40 atmspheric rivers, narrw bands f thick misture. Hwever, the new type f phenmenn is smaller and mving slwer. Over the last five years, 17 atmspheric lakes lasting 41 (lng) than six days have been discvered, within 10 degrees f the equatr.
A team is nw being put tgether t run a full study n the phenmenn. One f the questins the researchers will be lking at is 42 atmspheric lakes separate themselves frm the river-lake patterns they frm frm-it’s pssibly due t the verall atmspheric wind patterns. Their next step is t gather mre data, including mre lcalized and 43 (detail) readings.
44 remains t be seen whether the cncept f “atmspheric lake” can 45 (accept) widely r nt. Hwever, it is bviusly an effective way t analyze varius meterlgical (气象的) 46 (phenmenn) and reveal their laws and pssible impacts.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华，你的美国网友Peter打算到中国留学，他写信询问你怎样才能受到中国高校的青睐。请你根据下列要点给对方写一封回信：
1. 语言是道硬门槛；
2. 适应能力很重要；
3. 看重兴趣爱好。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter，
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In a quiet little village surrunded by rlling hills, Lucy and her brther Max were walking t the family’s strawberry fields t pick sme strawberries when they came acrss an injured baby wl (猫头鹰). The tiny wl was lying n the grund, with ne f its wings badly hurt and its big, brwn eyes lking helplessly at the teens. Lucy and Max were animal lvers and they knew they had t d smething t help the pr, little creature.
“We have t save this baby wl. Max,” Lucy said as she knelt dwn beside the bird.
Max ndded. “I agree. But where can we take it?”
Lucy thught fr a mment and then remembered a wildlife rehabilitatin center (野生动物康复) lcated a few miles away. They quickly placed the baby wl in the small bx they had planned t put strawberries in. Max tk ff his shirt t cver the bx t keep the bird warm. They carefully placed the bx in their backpack and headed ut t the center.
The jurney was nt withut its challenges. The skies suddenly darkened and the rain began t pur dwn, wetting Lucy and Max cmpletely in secnds. But they were determined t save the baby wl, and s they trudged n (步履艰难地走), searching fr shelter frm the rain. They finally fund a big tree t hide under and huddled (蜷缩) tgether, trying t keep the bx dry:
As the rain cntinued t fall, Lucy and Max lked at the baby wl in the bx. It was s small and weak. They felt a sense f determinatin and prtectiveness twards the little bird. They knew that they had t save it, n matter what.
Gradually, the rain gt weaker and Lucy and Max cntinued their jurney. They walked alng a winding path, which was wet and slippery. They had t use sme tree branches as walking sticks t prvide them with extra supprt and t ensure their stability.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Lucy and Max finally apprached the wildlife rehabilitatin center, wet and dirty.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The weeks passed quickly, and ne day Lucy and Max received a call frm the head f the rehabilitatin center.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．A 3．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了普林节，包括什么是普林节、该节日的庆祝形式、节日中人们的打招呼方式及什么时候开始。
1．细节理解题。根据“Hw is Purim celebrated?”部分中“Purim is an extremely festive and happy ccasin that is celebrated with the cmmunity. ”（普林节是一个非常节日气氛和快乐的场合，是与社区庆祝。）可知，普林节是一个快乐的节日。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“Hw is Purim celebrated?”部分中“Putting n a humrus play in cstumes knwn as a Purim shpiel”（穿着古老的服装上演一出幽默的戏剧）可知，在普林节上，会有幽默的戏剧上演。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“When is Purim?”部分中“This year, Purim begins n the evening f Wednesday, March 16 and ends the evening f Thursday, March 17. Hwever, in Jerusalem and ther walled cities, it is celebrated n the 15th f Adar,”（今年，普林节从3月16日星期三晚上开始，到3月17日星期四晚上结束。然而，在耶路撒冷和其他有城墙的城市，人们在阿达尔节的15号庆祝这一节日）可知，今年在耶路撒冷，普林节的庆祝在阿达尔节的15号庆祝这一节日。故选D。
4．B 5．A 6．B 7．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文中提到一项全球研究调查得出上个世纪人们平均身高增长了的结论。据此，文中提到了身高和身体健康之间的多种联系，由此建议我们确保孩子们生活在一个好的成长环境下。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Peple have grwn taller ver the last century, with Suth Krean wmen shting up by mre than 20 cm n average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5 cm. A glbal study lked at the average height f 18-year-lds in 200 cuntries between 1914 and 2014. ”（上个世纪以来，人们的身高越来越高，韩国女性平均身高增长超过20厘米，伊朗男性身高则增加了16.5厘米。一项全球研究调查了1914年至2014年间200个国家18岁青少年的平均身高。）可知，这项全球研究调查了1914年至2014年间200个国家18岁青少年的平均身高，得出了在过去一百年里大多数国家人们的身高都明显增长的结论。故选B项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“A little extra height brings a number f advantages says Eli Ribli f Imperial Cllege. ‘Being taller is assciated with lnger life expectancy,’ he said.”（帝国理工学院的Eli Ripli说，高一点会带来很多好处。他说：“个子越高，预期寿命越长。”）可知，Eli Ripli认为个子高的人活得更久些。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段“While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing amng 18-year-lds.”（而乌干达和尼日尔的身高在20世纪初有所增加，但近年来这一趋势已经逆转，18岁的人身高有所下降）可知，乌干达和尼日尔18岁的青少年实际上比他们的前几代人矮。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段James Bentham 所说到的“Hw tall we are nw is strngly influenced by the envirnment we grew up in”（我们现在的身高很大程度上受我们成长环境的影响）以及“If we give children the best pssible start in life nw, they will be healthier and mre prductive fr decades t cme.”（如果我们现在就给孩子们一个最好的人生起点，他们在未来几十年里会更健康、更有成效）可知，James Bentham建议我们要确保我们的孩子在理想的环境中成长。故选D项。
8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D
【分析】这是一篇人物传记。文章主要讲了Cleric是一个受过良好教育的法国人，他对美国聋人教育产生了重大影响。
8．细节理解题。根据第三段He was very cncerned abut the lack f educatinal pprtunities fr the deaf. Therefre, in 1815, Gallaudet sailed t Lndn, England t seek ideas n hw t teach deaf peple.(他非常关心聋人缺乏受教育的机会。因此，在1815年，Thmas Hpkins Gallaudet航行到英国伦敦，寻求如何教育聋人的理念)可知，Thmas Hpkins Gallaudet去伦敦是想研究他们的聋人教育体系。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段At 12, Laurent entered the Ryal Institutin fr the Deaf in Paris where he excelled in his studies. After he graduated, the schl asked him t stay n as an assistant teacher.(12岁时，Laurent Cleric进入了巴黎的皇家聋人机构，在那里他学习非常出色。他毕业后，学校请他留下来当助教)可推断出，Laurent Cleric是个聪明的人。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段Cleric studied English, and Gallaudet studied sign language. They discussed the schl fr the deaf which they planned t pen.(Cleric学习英语，Gallaudet学习手语。他们讨论了他们计划开办的聋人学校)可知，在从巴黎到美国的旅途中，Cleric和Gallaudet研究并讨论了他们建立一所聋哑学校的计划。故选B。
11．主旨大意题。第一段Wuld yu believe that the first utstanding deaf teacher in America was a Frenchman? His name was Laurent Cleric. He became a friend f Thmas Hpkins Gallaudet and tgether they funded America’s first schl fr the deaf.(你相信美国第一位杰出的聋哑教师是法国人吗？他叫Laurent Cleric。他成为了Thmas Hpkins Gallaudet的朋友，他们一起建立了美国第一所聋哑人学校)是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了Cleric是一个受过良好教育的法国人，他对美国聋人教育产生了重大影响。故选D。
【点睛】通过对关键词，关键短语或者是关键的句子的把握是解决推理判断题的重要解题方法之一，它们往往隐藏着深层的意思。小题2根据第二段At 12, Laurent entered the Ryal Institutin fr the Deaf in Paris where he excelled in his studies. After he graduated, the schl asked him t stay n as an assistant teacher.(12岁时，Laurent Cleric进入了巴黎的皇家聋人机构，在那里他学习非常出色。他毕业后，学校请他留下来当助教)可推断出，Laurent Cleric是个聪明的人。故选A。
12．C 13．D 14．D 15．C
【分析】试题分析：这是一篇议论文。主要阐述了书包太重给学生带来的问题。中美学生的书包都很重，这会对学生的身体造成不良影响。老师和家长已开始采取适当的措施，但学生们认为最好的办法是没有任何的作业。
12．细节理解题。由第一段的“Nt nly the students in China have this prblem, but children in the United States als have heavy schl bags.”可知，不但中国学生有书包太重这个问题，而且美国也有，故选C。
13．推理判断题。由第二段“Dctrs are starting t wrry that yunger and yunger students are having back and neck prblems as a result f schl bags being t heavy fr them.”可知，如果一个孩子书包太重，他的背和脖子会疼。故选D。
14．数字计算题。由第六段中的“Dctrs say students shuld carry n mre than 10% t 15%及dn’t stay with ver 15%”可知，最大的承受量是30×15%＝4.5，故选D。
15．细节理解题。由最后一段的“One f the best answers is, as sme children said, t have n hmewrk at all”可知，许多学生认为最好的解决办法是不要有任何的作业，故选C。
16．C 17．F 18．A 19．E 20．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了西瓜对健康的一些好处。
16．根据下文的“Fr Radiant Skin(光亮的皮肤)”和“Fr the Preventin f Sme Diseases(预防某些疾病)”可知，下文介绍西瓜对健康的好处。所以，C项“Here are sme f the watermeln’s health benefits we rarely realize.(下面是一些我们很少意识到的西瓜对健康的好处)”符合文意，承上启下。故选C项。
17．根据该部分的主题句“Fr Radiant Skin(光亮的皮肤)”和空格后的句子“Regular cnsumptin f watermeln prvides yur skin with adequate supplements and keeps yur skin radiant.(经常食用西瓜为你的皮肤提供充足的营养，使你的皮肤焕发光彩)”可知，该部分说的是西瓜对皮肤的作用。所以，F项“Watermeln is abundant in Vitamin A that keeps yur skin glwing.(西瓜富含维他命A，能让你的皮肤焕发光彩)”符合题意。故选F项。
18．根据该部分的主题句“Fr the Preventin f Sme Diseases(预防某些疾病)”和空格前的句子“Watermeln has abundant nutrients like lycpene(番茄红素), antixidants, vitamins and fiber in it.(西瓜含有丰富的营养物质，如番茄红素、抗氧化剂、维生素和纤维)”可知，此处说的是西瓜里的营养物质可以帮人们预防疾病、保持健康。所以A项“These help yur rgans functin well and keep yur bdy healthy and fit.(这些有助于你的器官正常运转，保持你的身体健康)”符合题意，These指代上文提到的西瓜在预防疾病方面的作用。故选A项。
19．空格处的句子应该是该部分的主题句。根据下文的句子“Since it is already knwn that the fruit prevents muscle sreness, it als eases the medical cnditin f muscle cramps which usually ccurs t a wman whse baby is due in twelve weeks.(众所周知水果可以防止肌肉酸痛，它也可以缓解肌肉抽筋的疾病，这种疾病通常发生在预产期12周后的孕妇身上)”可知，该部分说的是西瓜对孕妇的好处。所以E项“Fr Pregnant Wmen(对孕妇)”符合本段主旨。故选E项。
20．空格前的句子“Mst peple find it difficult t cnsume healthy drinks because f their unfavrable taste(大多数人很难喝到健康的饮料，因为它们的味道不好)”说大多数人很难喝到健康的饮料，空格后的句子“ S, whether ne is health-cnscius r nt, watermeln and its juice are never ging t disappint yu.(所以，无论你是否有健康意识，西瓜和西瓜汁永远不会让你失望)”提到西瓜和西瓜汁永远不会让你失望。由此推知，空格处的句子和上文句子是转折关系。所以D项“but that’s nt the case with watermeln.(但西瓜不是这样的)”符合题意。故选D项。
21．A 22．C 23．D 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．A 30．C 31．B 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了增加风暴预警时间的新方法。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：纵观历史，有许多人死于恶劣天气。气象学家和科学家都总是研究新的方法来增加对风暴的预警时间,希望减少生命的损失。A. lss损失；B. increase增加；C. prtectin保护；D. value价值。根据上文“Thrughut histry, many lives have been lst at the hands f severe weather.（纵观历史，有许多人死于恶劣天气。）”可知，很多人因天气失去生命，因此这里是指减少生命的损失。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几十年里，当地的天气雷达已经取得了进步，可以更好地预测风暴的路径。A. changing改变；B. cntrlling控制；C. predicting预测；D. guiding指导。根据上文“scientists alike are always investigating new ways t increase the warning time fr strms（气象学家和科学家都总是研究新的方法来增加对风暴的预警时间）”可知，科学家研究的新方法是用来预测风暴的，因此这里是指雷达用来预测风暴。故选C。
23．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：NEXRAD是一个由158部多普勒天气雷达组成的跟踪网络。A. faced with面对；B. expsed t暴露于；C. invlved in参与；D. made up f组成的。根据上文“by using an advanced tracking system called NEXRAD (Next-Generatin Radar)（通过使用一种名为NEXRAD(下一代雷达)的先进跟踪系统）”可知，这个新发明的本质是雷达，因此这个新发明是由158个雷达构成的。故选D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在风暴中，这种高分辨率的电脑系统需要收集大量的降水数据，他们在云中的变化数据，以及风速。A. structure结构；B. system系统；C. mde模式；D. style风格。根据上文“an advanced tracking system（一种先进的跟踪系统）”可知，这是一套电脑系统。故选B。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些读数被传回本地计算机，屏幕上就会出现彩色图像，让气象学家清楚地了解地平线上的天气状况。A. figures数字；B. data数据；C. readings读数；D. statistics统计数据。根据上文“takes readings n the amunt f precipitatin (降水) in the air（需要收集大量的降水读数）”可知，这里指的是上文收集的读数。故选C。
26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后一张图片是气象学家发布恶劣天气报告和警告时所看到的。 最有可能的是，在你的电视屏幕上，你会看到即将到来的风暴的计算机动画图像。A. likely可能地；B. evidently显然地；C. interestingly有趣地；D. imprtantly重要地。根据上文“This final image is what yu see when the meterlgist breaks in with severe weather reprts and warnings.（最后一张图片是气象学家发布恶劣天气报告和警告时所看到的。）”可知，科学家把监测到的数据制成图片传递给人们，然后人们能够看到预警的图像。这是科学家们最可能实现的结果。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果风暴足够严重，那么国家气象局(NWS)将发布你所在地区的严重雷暴警告的严重天气报告。A. decide决定；B. estimate估计；C. handle；D. issue发布。根据“Natinal Weather Service (NWS)（国家气象局）”可知，气象局是发布天气预报的。故选D。
28．考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，雷达捕捉到的风暴将产生强可读的风、可探测的闪电和一些冰雹。A. By the way顺便一提；B. In that case在这种情况下；C. T sme extent在某种程度上；D. On the cntrary相反。根据上文“If the strm is severe enugh（如果风暴足够大）”可知，只有在风暴发生后，在这种情况下，雷达捕捉到的风暴将产生强可读的风、可探测的闪电和一些冰雹。故选B。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当天气恶劣时，注意天气图是至关重要的。A. vital重要的；B. reasnable合理的；C. nrmal正常的；D. available可用的。根据上文“strng readable winds, detectable lightning, and sme hail (冰雹)（强风，闪电及冰雹）”以及下文“when severe weather is arund.”可知，这些灾难有很强的破坏性，因此对此进行关注是非常重要的。故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在电视屏幕上您将看到几个颜色的降水量地图,从蓝色到黑色。A. expanding扩大；B. spreading传播；C. ranging变化；D. extending扩展。根据下文“If the clrs range between range and red（如果颜色在橙色和红色之间变化）” 可知，由于降水量不同，预警图颜色也会随之变化。故选C。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果您的特定区域的颜色是黄色，请注意。A. prper正确的；B. specific特定的；C. typical 典型的；D. regular常规的。根据空前后“yur area（你的区域）”以及“take cautin”（注意）可知，自己所在的区域是每个人要关注的特定区域。故选B。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当乔治亚州亚特兰大的当地气象雷达报告今年早些时候有强风、循环风模式和大冰雹时，国家气象局发布了龙卷风警报。A. straight直顺的；B. unique独特的；C. general一般的；D. circular循环的。根据下文“the Natinal Weather Service issued a trnad（国家气象局发布龙卷风预警）”可知，龙卷风是由于循环的风的原因，故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年早些时候，美国国家气象局发布了龙卷风预警。A. prcess过程；B. threat威胁；C. warning警告；D. sign标志。根据下文“which areas needed t be warned（那些区域需要被预警）”可知，这里气象局发布的是预警信息。故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该地区的气象学家利用收集到的数据预测风暴的路径，指出哪些地区需要得到警告。A. indicating指示；B. recgnizing识别；C. revealing揭示；D. recmmending推荐。根据上文“Meterlgists in the area used the cllected data t predict what path the strm wuld take（该地区的气象学家利用收集到的数据预测风暴的路径）”，可知气象学家收集信息然后根据信息提示发布预警，故选A。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了这项技术，大多数居民都能及早收到恶劣天气的报告，以便在风暴袭来之前寻找避难所。A. rescue解救；B. residence住宅；C. supprt支持；D. shelter避难所。根据上文“mst residents received the severe weather reprts（大部分居民收到恶劣天气的预报）”可知，居民收到恶劣天气的预报可以采取措施避免收到人身损害，因此这里是找避难所。故选D。
36．Dear Peter，
In yur letter yu mentined hw t get the preference f Chinese universities. I believe there wuld be three main aspects t be taken int accunt.
Initially, having a gd cmmand f Chinese is a basic need t live in China. With this ability，yu can cmmunicate with native speakers easily and have access t abundant resurces. Mrever，it is vital t adapt t the new envirnment instantly. The sner yu can get used t the new envirnment，the mre beneficial it will becme t yu. Last but nt least, persnal interests and hbbies are als highly valued. Yu shuld chse a majr that yu want t devte yurself t.
With all the strengths I mentined abve, I am sure yu can vercme all the difficulties and make greater prgress in China.
Best wishes and gd luck!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国网友Peter写封信，告诉他怎样才能受到中国高校的青睐。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
首先：initially→firstly
丰富的：abundant→vast
另外：mrever→additinally
关键的：vital→critical
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I believe there wuld be three main aspects t be taken int accunt.
拓展句：I believe there wuld be three main aspects that shuld be taken int accunt.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Initially, having a gd cmmand f Chinese is a basic need t live in China.(运用了动名词作宾语)
[高分句型2] Yu shuld chse a majr that yu want t devte yurself t.(运用了that引导的定语从句)
37．primarily 38．created 39．t prduce 40．t 41．lnger 42．why
43．detailed 44．It 45．be accepted 46．phenmena
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了新型天气情况：大气湖，以及相关的一些研究情况。
37．考查副词。句意：最近，人们观察到一种称为大气湖的新型天气状况，主要存在于世界上的一个特定地区：小、移动缓慢、富含水气的池塘。分析句意可知，此处形容词primary“主要的”需要改为副词形式，修饰动词existing“存在”。故填primarily。
38．考查过去分词。句意：与大多数由漩涡形成的风暴相比，湖泊是由水蒸气浓度产生的，其浓度足以产生雨水。分析句意可知，动词create“创造”需要改为过去分词形式，作定语修饰strms“风暴”，因为其与strm形成被动关系。故填created。
39．考查不定式。句意：与大多数由漩涡形成的风暴相比，湖泊是由水蒸气浓度产生的，其浓度足以产生雨水。be +形容词+enugh+t d sth。故填t prduce。
40．考查介词。句意：这些大气湖泊类似于大气河流，是一条狭窄的湿气带。分析句意可知，此处使用了be similar t“与…相似”这一结构，比较大气湖泊和大气河流。故填t。
41．考查比较级。句意：在过去的五年中，在距离赤道10度以内发现了17个持续时间超过6天的大气湖泊。分析句意可知，此处形容词lng“时间长的”需要使用比较级lnger，表示比6天时间更长。故填lnger。
42．考查表语从句。句意：研究人员将要研究的问题之一是，大气湖泊为什么与它们形成的河湖模式分开-这可能是由于整体的大气风模式。分析句意可知，此处is后接表语从句，使关系副词用why“为什么”引导，因为后文给出了回答it’s pssibly due t“这可能是因为”。故填why。
43．考查形容词。句意：他们的下一步是收集更多数据，包括更本地化和详细的读数。分析句意可知， 名词detail“细节”需要改为形容词detailed“详细的”，作定语修饰readings“测量仪器上的读数”。故填detailed。
44．考查代词。句意：“大气湖”的概念能否被广泛接受，还有待观察。分析句意可知，此处需要使用代词it作形式主语，因为真正的主语为whether引导的主语从句，为避免头重脚轻，将主语从句放在句末。故填It。
45．考查被动语态。句意：“大气湖”的概念能否被广泛接受，还有待观察。分析句意可知，此处谓语动词accept“接受”使用被动语态，表示“这一观点是否能够被接受”。故填be accepted。
46．考查名词复数。句意：然而，这显然是分析各种气象现象并揭示其规律和可能影响的有效途径。分析句意可知，可数名词phenmenn“现象”需要使用复数形式phenmena，且前文有形容词varius“各种各样的”修饰。故填phenmena。
47．Lucy and Max finally apprached the wildlife rehabilitatin center, wet and dirty. They were greeted by a kind, elderly lady wh was the head f the center. She immediately tk the baby wl frm their hands and examined its wing. The lady tld them that the wl had a brken bne and wuld need t stay at the center fr a few weeks t receive prper care and treatment. The tw teens were praised by the center staff fr their lve and care fr wild animals.
The weeks passed quickly, and ne day Lucy and Max received a call frm the head f the rehabilitatin center They were tld that the baby wl had fully recvered. It was nw time fr the little bird t be released back int the wild. They were invited t witness the wnderful scene. Lucy and Max were verjyed t see the wl fly away, saring high int the sky. They watched in awe as the bird disappeared int the distance, free nce again. Frm that day frward, Lucy and Max learned that with a little bit f lve and hard wrk, anything is pssible. They als learned that even the smallest act f kindness can have a big impact.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了露西和她的哥哥麦克斯在去家里草莓地的路上，遇到了一只受伤的猫头鹰宝宝，于是他们将这只猫头鹰带到野生动物康复中心去救助的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“露西和麦克斯终于接近了野生动物康复中心，他们身上又湿又脏。”可知，第一段可描写野生动物康复中心将猫头鹰留下治疗，并表扬露西和麦克斯。
②由第二段首句内容“几个星期很快就过去了，有一天露西和马克斯接到了康复中心负责人的电话。”可知，第二段可描写猫头鹰康复被放飞到大自然，露西和马克斯被邀请去见证这一幕。露西和麦克斯明白了只要有一点爱和努力，一切皆有可能。他们还认识到，即使是最小的善举也能产生巨大的影响。
2.续写线索：到达野生动物康复中心——猫头鹰被留下接受治疗——表扬露西和麦克斯——放飞猫头鹰——感悟
3.词汇激活行为类
①欢迎：greet/welcme
②表扬：praise/cmmend
③产生大影响：have a big impact/make a big difference
情绪类
①非常高兴：verjyed/extremely jyful
②慈善：kindness/benevlence
【点睛】[高分句型1] They were greeted by a kind, elderly lady wh was the head f the center.（由wh引导的定语）
[高分句型2] The lady tld them that the wl had a brken bne and wuld need t stay at the center fr a few weeks t receive prper care and treatment. （由that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型3]They als learned that even the smallest act f kindness can have a big impact.（由that引导的宾语从句）
考试时间：120分钟；满分：120分
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、C D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Hw t celebrate Purim
What is Purim?
Purim(which means “lts” in Persian)is a Jewish hliday that celebrates hw the Jewish peple were saved frm being cmpletely destryed in ancient Persia as tld in The Bk f Esther.
Hw is Purim celebrated?
Purim is an extremely festive and happy ccasin that is celebrated with the cmmunity. A few f the ways Purim is typically celebrated include:
Reading the Megilah r “scrll” （i. e., The Bk f Esther）at night and in the mrning
Making large sunds with grggers（nisemakers）whenever Haman's name is mentined in the Megillah reading
Dressing up in cstumes
Having a festive hliday meal
Drinking and merrymaking
Putting n a humrus play in cstumes knwn as a Purim shpiel(which means “play” in Yiddish)
Giving gifts f snacks and ther fd t friends and neighbrs
Giving gifts f mney, fd r drinks t the pr
Hw t greet smene n Purim?
T greet smene n Purim, yu can say, “Happy Purim” r use ne f the fllwing:
Chag Purim sameach! (“Happy Purim hliday”)
Purim sameach! (“Happy Purim”)
Chag sameach! (“Happy hliday”)
When is Purim?
Purim happens n the 14th f the Hebrew mnth f Adar(during leap years，which happen every tw t three years in the Hebrew calendar, an extra mnth, Adar I, is added and it is celebrated n the 14th f Adar Ⅱ).
This year, Purim begins n the evening f Wednesday, March 16 and ends the evening f Thursday, March 17. Hwever, in Jerusalem and ther walled cities, it is celebrated n the 15th f Adar, based n pems frm Chapter 9 f The Bk f Esther.
1．What is the atmsphere like during the time f Purim?
A．Serius.B．Stressful.C．Scaring.D．Lively.
2．What d peple usually d t celebrate Purim?
A．Give a humrus perfrmance.B．Ask fr snacks frm neighbrs.
C．Say “Happy Purim” dr t dr.D．Have a hliday meal with the pr.
3．When is Purim celebrated in Jerusalem this year?
A．On March15.B．On a Tuesday.
C．On the 14th f Adar.D．On the 15th f Adar.
B
Peple have grwn taller ver the last century,with Suth Krean wmen shting up by mre than 20 cm n average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5 cm. A glbal study lked at the average height f 18-year-lds in 200 cuntries between 1914 and 2014. The results shw that while Swedes were the tallest peple in the wrld in 1914.
Dutch men have risen frm 12th place t the tp spt with an average height f 182.5 cm. Latvian wmen, meanwhile, rse frm 28th place in 1914 t becme the tallest in the wrld a century later,with an average height f 169.8 cm.
A little extra height brings a number f advantages says Eli Ribli f Imperial Cllege."Being taller is assciated with lnger life expectancy,"he said."This is largely due t a lwer risk f dying f cardivascular(心血管的)disease amng taller peple."
But while height has increased arund the wrld, the trend in many African cuntries causes cncern, says Ribli.While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed(反转) in recent years, with height decreasing amng 18-year-lds.
“One reasn fr these decreases in height is the ecnmic situatin in the 1980s,” said Alexander Mradi f the University f Sussex. The nutritinal and health crises led t many children and teenagers failing t reach their ptential height.
James Bentham, a c-authr f the research frm Imperial Cllege, believes the glbal trend f increasing height is f great imprtance. “Hw tall we are nw is strngly influenced by the envirnment we grew up in," he said. "If we give children the best pssible start in life nw, they will be healthier and mre prductive fr decades t cme.”
4．What des the glbal study tell us abut peple's height in the last hundred years?
A．There is great difference acrss cntinents
B．There has been an bvius increase in mst cuntries.
C．The increase in peple's height has been quickening.
D．The increase in wmen's height is bigger than in men's
5．What des Eli Ribli say abut taller peple?
A．They tend t live lnger.
B．They enjy an easier life
C．They generally risk fewer diseases.
D．They have greater expectatins in life.
6．What d we learn abut 18-year-lds in Uganda and Niger?
A．They grw up slwer than their peers in ther cuntries.
B．They are actually shrter than their earlier generatins.
C．They find it hard t bring their ptential int full play.
D．They have experienced many changes f gvernment.
7．What des James Bentham suggest we d?
A．Watch clsely the glbal trend in children's develpment.
B．Make sure that ur children grw up t their full height.
C．Try every means pssible t imprve ur envirnment.
D．Ensure ur children grw up in an ideal envirnment.
C
Wuld yu believe that the first utstanding deaf teacher in America was a Frenchman? His name was Laurent Cleric. He became a friend f Thmas Hpkins Gallaudet and tgether they funded America’s first schl fr the deaf.
Laurent Cleric was brn in a small village near Lyns, France, n December 26, 1785. When he was ne year ld, he fell int a fire, lsing bth his hearing and his sense f smell. At 12, Laurent entered the Ryal Institutin fr the Deaf in Paris where he excelled in his studies. After he graduated, the schl asked him t stay n as an assistant teacher.
Meanwhile, in America, Thmas Hpkins Gallaudet was studying t be a minister. He was very cncerned abut the lack f educatinal pprtunities fr the deaf. Therefre, in 1815, Gallaudet sailed t Lndn, England t seek ideas n hw t teach deaf peple. While he was there, he met a French educatr f the deaf wh invited him t g t Paris t spend three mnths learning at the Ryal Institutin fr the Deaf, the schl where Laurent Cleric was teaching. Gallaudet accepted the ffer. The tw wrked and studied well tgether. When the time came fr Gallaudet t return, he asked Cleric t cme with him. Cleric accepted n ne cnditin: that he wuld stay in America nly a shrt time.
The tw men set sail n June 18, 1816. The vyage acrss the Atlantic Ocean tk 52 days; hwever, Cleric and Gallaudet put the time t gd use. Cleric studied English, and Gallaudet studied sign language. They discussed the schl fr the deaf which they planned t pen. On the lng trip, they had many cnversatins abut educatin and deafness. The year after they arrived, they funded a schl fr the deaf in Harfrd, Cnnecticut.
At the schl, Cleric led a busy life. He taught signs t Principal Gallaudet; he taught the pupils; and he taught hearing men wh came t the schl t study deaf educatin.
In 1819, Cleric married Eliza Crcker Bardman, ne f his pupils. They had six children. He retired frm teaching in 1858. Althugh he had intended t return t France, he never did. He died n July 18, 1869 in the United States.
8．Why did Thmas Hpkins Gallaudet sail t Lndn?
A．He needed t finish his studies t becme a minister.
B．It was the easiest way t get t France.
C．He wanted t study their system f deaf educatin.
D．He wanted t marry Alice Cgswell.
9．Frm the infrmatin in this passage we can infer that ________.
A．Laurent Cleric was an intelligent man
B．Cleric had difficulties learning language
C．Cleric married Eliza in rder t get his Green Card
D．Cleric was paid well because he made such imprtant cntributins t sciety
10．On their trip frm Paris t America, Cleric and Gallaudet ________.
A．played cards and scialized
B．studied and discussed their plans fr a deaf schl
C．funded a schl fr the deaf
D．Gallaudet studied English and Cleric studied Sign Language
11．The main idea f this passage culd best be stated as __________.
A．Cleric managed his time well, and was able t teach a lt f infrmatin in a shrt perid f time
B．Thmas Gallaudet was indebted t Cleric fr all that he taught him
C．Cleric preferred teaching deaf students t hearing students
D．Cleric, an educated Frenchman, had a great influence n American Deaf Educatin
D
Are yu carrying t much n yur back at yur back at schl? I’m sure lts f children f yur age will say “Yes”. Nt nly the students in China have this prblem, but children in the United States als have heavy schl bags.
Dctrs are starting t wrry that yunger and yunger students are having back and neck prblems as a result f schl bags being t heavy fr them.
“It’s hard fr me t g upstairs with my bag because it’s s heavy,” said Rick Hammnd, an 11-year-ld student in the US.
Rick is amng students wh have cmmn schl bags with tw straps（带子）t carry them, but many ther students chse rlling（有滚轮的）bags.
But even with rlling bags, getting up stairs and buses is still a prblem fr children. Many f them have hurt their backs and necks because f the heavy schl bags.
But hw much is t much? Dctrs say students shuld carry n mre than 10% t 15% f their wn bdy weight.
Scut Batch, a back dctr, said children under Grade 4 shuld stay with 10%. But it is als imprtant that lder children dn’t stay with ver 15%, because their bdies are still grwing.
“Children are lsing their balance and falling dwn with their schl bags,” he said.
Parents and teachers are starting t tell children t nly take hme library bks they will be reading that night. Sme teachers are using pieces f paper r thin wrkbks fr students t take hme.
One f the best answers is, as sme children said, t have n hmewrk at all!
12．Frm the passage we can knw that ________.
A．nly children in China carry t heavy schl bags
B．children in ther cuntries dn’t carry t heavy bags
C．bth children in China and the US carry t heavy schl bags
D．nly children in the US carry t heavy schl bags
13．If a child carries a heavy schl bag ________.
A．his feet will be hurtB．his head and arms will be hurt
C．his hands will be hurtD．his back and neck will be hurt
14．Accrding t the dctr, Sctt Batch, if a child in Grade 5 weighs（重）abut 30 kils, the schl bag he carries shuld nt be ver ________.
A．5 kilsB．3 kilsC．5.5 kilsD．4.5 kils
15．Sme students think the best answer t this prblem is that ________.
A．they shuld have a little hmewrk t d after they get hme
B．they shuld nly take hme library bks they will read that night
C．their teachers had better nt ask them t d any hmewrk
D．they shuld use thin wrkbks instead f thick nes
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Health Benefits Of Watermeln
Apart frm a juicy and refreshing fruit, watermeln has diverse benefits t its credit. Over 90% f watermeln is water which is saked with healthy nutrients. It is a rich surce f ptassium, Vitamin A, Vitamin B & C． Watermeln juice is the mst favrite t all health-cnscius peple as it is a great surce f antixidants(抗氧化物). 16
Fr Radiant Skin
17 Regular cnsumptin f watermeln prvides yur skin with adequate supplements and keeps yur skin radiant. In fact, it is well knwn that the mre the quantity f water cnsumptin is, the better yur skin is. And hence, it is ne f the best surces f vitamin A and yur abslutely glwing skin!
Fr the Preventin f Sme Diseases
Like many ther fruits, watermeln t has the gdness f preventing inflammatin, muscle sreness, and even cancer. Watermeln has abundant nutrients like lycpene(番茄红素), antixidants, vitamins and fiber in it. 18
19
Since it is already knwn that the fruit prevents muscle sreness, it als eases the medical cnditin f muscle cramps which usually ccurs t a wman whse baby is due in twelve weeks.
Als, what ne cannt ignre is the refreshing prperty and delicius taste f this fruit. Mst peple find it difficult t cnsume healthy drinks because f their unfavrable taste, 20 . S, whether ne is health-cnscius r nt, watermeln and its juice are never ging t disappint yu.
A．These help yur rgans functin well and keep yur bdy healthy and fit.
B．Fr a Mther-t-be with Bne Diseases
C．Here are sme f the watermeln’s health benefits we rarely realize.
D．but that’s nt the case with watermeln.
E．Fr Pregnant Wmen
F．Watermeln is abundant in Vitamin A that keeps yur skin glwing.
G．s it is the same with watermeln.
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30 分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Thrughut histry, many lives have been lst at the hands f severe weather. Meterlgists (气象学家) and scientists alike are always investigating new ways t increase the warning time fr strms, with the hpe f reducing the 21 f lives. In the past few decades, lcal weather radar advancements have been made, which allw fr better accuracy in 22 the paths f strms.
Meterlgists and scientists have been able t successfully track severe thunderstrms and pssible trnades by using an advanced tracking system called NEXRAD (Next-Generatin Radar). NEXRAD is a tracking netwrk 23 158 Dppler weather radars. And during a strm this high-reslutin cmputerized 24 takes readings n the amunt f precipitatin (降水) in the air, the mvements in the cluds, and the wind speeds.
These 25 are bunced back t a lcal weather cmputer, and a clrful image appears n the screen, giving meterlgists a clear picture f what kind f weather is n the hrizn. This final image is what yu see when the meterlgist breaks in with severe weather reprts and warnings. Mst 26 , n yur televisin screen yu will see a cmputer animated image f the appraching strm.
If the strm is severe enugh, then the Natinal Weather Service (NWS) will 27 severe weather reprts f severe thunderstrm warnings fr yur area. 28 , the strm captured n the radar will have prduced strng readable winds, detectable lightning, and sme hail (冰雹). Paying attentin t the weather map is 29 when severe weather is arund.
On the televisin screen yu will see several clrs n the precipitatin (降水量) map, 30 frm blue (the lightest) t black (the heaviest). If the clrs fr yur 31 area are yellw, take cautin. If the clrs range between range and red, take cver immediately, as damaging winds and dangerus lightning have been reprted.
When lcal weather radar in Atlanta, Gergia reprted high winds, 32 wind patterns and large hail earlier this year, the Natinal Weather Service issued a trnad 33 . Meterlgists in the area used the cllected data t predict what path the strm wuld take, 34 which areas needed t be warned.
Thanks t this technlgy, mst residents received the severe weather reprts early enugh t seek 35 befre the strm hit. Paying attentin t yur lcal weather surce during severe weather plays a vital rle in yur safety.
21．A．lssB．increaseC．prtectinD．value
22．A．changingB．cntrllingC．predictingD．guiding
23．A．faced withB．expsed tC．invlved inD．made up f
24．A．structureB．systemC．mdeD．style
25．A．figuresB．dataC．readingsD．statistics
26．A．likelyB．evidentlyC．interestinglyD．imprtantly
27．A．decideB．estimateC．handleD．issue
28．A．By the wayB．In that caseC．T sme extentD．On the cntrary
29．A．vitalB．reasnableC．nrmalD．available
30．A．expandingB．spreadingC．rangingD．extending
31．A．prperB．specificC．typicalD．regular
32．A．straightB．uniqueC．generalD．circular
33．A．prcessB．threatC．warningD．sign
34．A．indicatingB．recgnizingC．revealingD．recmmending
35．A．rescueB．residenceC．supprtD．shelter
第Ⅱ 卷(非选择题 共55分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently, a new type f weather cnditin called atmspheric lakes has been bserved, existing 37 (primary) in ne particular part f the wrld: small, slw-mving, misture-rich (富含水气的) pls.
This unique type f strm ccurs ver the western Indian Ocean and mves tward Africa. Cmpared with mst strms 38 (create) by a vrtex (漩涡), the lakes are prduced by water vapr cncentratins that are thick enugh 39 (prduce) rain. These atmspheric lakes are similar 40 atmspheric rivers, narrw bands f thick misture. Hwever, the new type f phenmenn is smaller and mving slwer. Over the last five years, 17 atmspheric lakes lasting 41 (lng) than six days have been discvered, within 10 degrees f the equatr.
A team is nw being put tgether t run a full study n the phenmenn. One f the questins the researchers will be lking at is 42 atmspheric lakes separate themselves frm the river-lake patterns they frm frm-it’s pssibly due t the verall atmspheric wind patterns. Their next step is t gather mre data, including mre lcalized and 43 (detail) readings.
44 remains t be seen whether the cncept f “atmspheric lake” can 45 (accept) widely r nt. Hwever, it is bviusly an effective way t analyze varius meterlgical (气象的) 46 (phenmenn) and reveal their laws and pssible impacts.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华，你的美国网友Peter打算到中国留学，他写信询问你怎样才能受到中国高校的青睐。请你根据下列要点给对方写一封回信：
1. 语言是道硬门槛；
2. 适应能力很重要；
3. 看重兴趣爱好。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter，
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In a quiet little village surrunded by rlling hills, Lucy and her brther Max were walking t the family’s strawberry fields t pick sme strawberries when they came acrss an injured baby wl (猫头鹰). The tiny wl was lying n the grund, with ne f its wings badly hurt and its big, brwn eyes lking helplessly at the teens. Lucy and Max were animal lvers and they knew they had t d smething t help the pr, little creature.
“We have t save this baby wl. Max,” Lucy said as she knelt dwn beside the bird.
Max ndded. “I agree. But where can we take it?”
Lucy thught fr a mment and then remembered a wildlife rehabilitatin center (野生动物康复) lcated a few miles away. They quickly placed the baby wl in the small bx they had planned t put strawberries in. Max tk ff his shirt t cver the bx t keep the bird warm. They carefully placed the bx in their backpack and headed ut t the center.
The jurney was nt withut its challenges. The skies suddenly darkened and the rain began t pur dwn, wetting Lucy and Max cmpletely in secnds. But they were determined t save the baby wl, and s they trudged n (步履艰难地走), searching fr shelter frm the rain. They finally fund a big tree t hide under and huddled (蜷缩) tgether, trying t keep the bx dry:
As the rain cntinued t fall, Lucy and Max lked at the baby wl in the bx. It was s small and weak. They felt a sense f determinatin and prtectiveness twards the little bird. They knew that they had t save it, n matter what.
Gradually, the rain gt weaker and Lucy and Max cntinued their jurney. They walked alng a winding path, which was wet and slippery. They had t use sme tree branches as walking sticks t prvide them with extra supprt and t ensure their stability.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Lucy and Max finally apprached the wildlife rehabilitatin center, wet and dirty.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The weeks passed quickly, and ne day Lucy and Max received a call frm the head f the rehabilitatin center.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．A 3．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了普林节，包括什么是普林节、该节日的庆祝形式、节日中人们的打招呼方式及什么时候开始。
1．细节理解题。根据“Hw is Purim celebrated?”部分中“Purim is an extremely festive and happy ccasin that is celebrated with the cmmunity. ”（普林节是一个非常节日气氛和快乐的场合，是与社区庆祝。）可知，普林节是一个快乐的节日。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“Hw is Purim celebrated?”部分中“Putting n a humrus play in cstumes knwn as a Purim shpiel”（穿着古老的服装上演一出幽默的戏剧）可知，在普林节上，会有幽默的戏剧上演。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“When is Purim?”部分中“This year, Purim begins n the evening f Wednesday, March 16 and ends the evening f Thursday, March 17. Hwever, in Jerusalem and ther walled cities, it is celebrated n the 15th f Adar,”（今年，普林节从3月16日星期三晚上开始，到3月17日星期四晚上结束。然而，在耶路撒冷和其他有城墙的城市，人们在阿达尔节的15号庆祝这一节日）可知，今年在耶路撒冷，普林节的庆祝在阿达尔节的15号庆祝这一节日。故选D。
4．B 5．A 6．B 7．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文中提到一项全球研究调查得出上个世纪人们平均身高增长了的结论。据此，文中提到了身高和身体健康之间的多种联系，由此建议我们确保孩子们生活在一个好的成长环境下。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Peple have grwn taller ver the last century, with Suth Krean wmen shting up by mre than 20 cm n average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5 cm. A glbal study lked at the average height f 18-year-lds in 200 cuntries between 1914 and 2014. ”（上个世纪以来，人们的身高越来越高，韩国女性平均身高增长超过20厘米，伊朗男性身高则增加了16.5厘米。一项全球研究调查了1914年至2014年间200个国家18岁青少年的平均身高。）可知，这项全球研究调查了1914年至2014年间200个国家18岁青少年的平均身高，得出了在过去一百年里大多数国家人们的身高都明显增长的结论。故选B项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“A little extra height brings a number f advantages says Eli Ribli f Imperial Cllege. ‘Being taller is assciated with lnger life expectancy,’ he said.”（帝国理工学院的Eli Ripli说，高一点会带来很多好处。他说：“个子越高，预期寿命越长。”）可知，Eli Ripli认为个子高的人活得更久些。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段“While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing amng 18-year-lds.”（而乌干达和尼日尔的身高在20世纪初有所增加，但近年来这一趋势已经逆转，18岁的人身高有所下降）可知，乌干达和尼日尔18岁的青少年实际上比他们的前几代人矮。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段James Bentham 所说到的“Hw tall we are nw is strngly influenced by the envirnment we grew up in”（我们现在的身高很大程度上受我们成长环境的影响）以及“If we give children the best pssible start in life nw, they will be healthier and mre prductive fr decades t cme.”（如果我们现在就给孩子们一个最好的人生起点，他们在未来几十年里会更健康、更有成效）可知，James Bentham建议我们要确保我们的孩子在理想的环境中成长。故选D项。
8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D
【分析】这是一篇人物传记。文章主要讲了Cleric是一个受过良好教育的法国人，他对美国聋人教育产生了重大影响。
8．细节理解题。根据第三段He was very cncerned abut the lack f educatinal pprtunities fr the deaf. Therefre, in 1815, Gallaudet sailed t Lndn, England t seek ideas n hw t teach deaf peple.(他非常关心聋人缺乏受教育的机会。因此，在1815年，Thmas Hpkins Gallaudet航行到英国伦敦，寻求如何教育聋人的理念)可知，Thmas Hpkins Gallaudet去伦敦是想研究他们的聋人教育体系。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段At 12, Laurent entered the Ryal Institutin fr the Deaf in Paris where he excelled in his studies. After he graduated, the schl asked him t stay n as an assistant teacher.(12岁时，Laurent Cleric进入了巴黎的皇家聋人机构，在那里他学习非常出色。他毕业后，学校请他留下来当助教)可推断出，Laurent Cleric是个聪明的人。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段Cleric studied English, and Gallaudet studied sign language. They discussed the schl fr the deaf which they planned t pen.(Cleric学习英语，Gallaudet学习手语。他们讨论了他们计划开办的聋人学校)可知，在从巴黎到美国的旅途中，Cleric和Gallaudet研究并讨论了他们建立一所聋哑学校的计划。故选B。
11．主旨大意题。第一段Wuld yu believe that the first utstanding deaf teacher in America was a Frenchman? His name was Laurent Cleric. He became a friend f Thmas Hpkins Gallaudet and tgether they funded America’s first schl fr the deaf.(你相信美国第一位杰出的聋哑教师是法国人吗？他叫Laurent Cleric。他成为了Thmas Hpkins Gallaudet的朋友，他们一起建立了美国第一所聋哑人学校)是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了Cleric是一个受过良好教育的法国人，他对美国聋人教育产生了重大影响。故选D。
【点睛】通过对关键词，关键短语或者是关键的句子的把握是解决推理判断题的重要解题方法之一，它们往往隐藏着深层的意思。小题2根据第二段At 12, Laurent entered the Ryal Institutin fr the Deaf in Paris where he excelled in his studies. After he graduated, the schl asked him t stay n as an assistant teacher.(12岁时，Laurent Cleric进入了巴黎的皇家聋人机构，在那里他学习非常出色。他毕业后，学校请他留下来当助教)可推断出，Laurent Cleric是个聪明的人。故选A。
12．C 13．D 14．D 15．C
【分析】试题分析：这是一篇议论文。主要阐述了书包太重给学生带来的问题。中美学生的书包都很重，这会对学生的身体造成不良影响。老师和家长已开始采取适当的措施，但学生们认为最好的办法是没有任何的作业。
12．细节理解题。由第一段的“Nt nly the students in China have this prblem, but children in the United States als have heavy schl bags.”可知，不但中国学生有书包太重这个问题，而且美国也有，故选C。
13．推理判断题。由第二段“Dctrs are starting t wrry that yunger and yunger students are having back and neck prblems as a result f schl bags being t heavy fr them.”可知，如果一个孩子书包太重，他的背和脖子会疼。故选D。
14．数字计算题。由第六段中的“Dctrs say students shuld carry n mre than 10% t 15%及dn’t stay with ver 15%”可知，最大的承受量是30×15%＝4.5，故选D。
15．细节理解题。由最后一段的“One f the best answers is, as sme children said, t have n hmewrk at all”可知，许多学生认为最好的解决办法是不要有任何的作业，故选C。
16．C 17．F 18．A 19．E 20．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了西瓜对健康的一些好处。
16．根据下文的“Fr Radiant Skin(光亮的皮肤)”和“Fr the Preventin f Sme Diseases(预防某些疾病)”可知，下文介绍西瓜对健康的好处。所以，C项“Here are sme f the watermeln’s health benefits we rarely realize.(下面是一些我们很少意识到的西瓜对健康的好处)”符合文意，承上启下。故选C项。
17．根据该部分的主题句“Fr Radiant Skin(光亮的皮肤)”和空格后的句子“Regular cnsumptin f watermeln prvides yur skin with adequate supplements and keeps yur skin radiant.(经常食用西瓜为你的皮肤提供充足的营养，使你的皮肤焕发光彩)”可知，该部分说的是西瓜对皮肤的作用。所以，F项“Watermeln is abundant in Vitamin A that keeps yur skin glwing.(西瓜富含维他命A，能让你的皮肤焕发光彩)”符合题意。故选F项。
18．根据该部分的主题句“Fr the Preventin f Sme Diseases(预防某些疾病)”和空格前的句子“Watermeln has abundant nutrients like lycpene(番茄红素), antixidants, vitamins and fiber in it.(西瓜含有丰富的营养物质，如番茄红素、抗氧化剂、维生素和纤维)”可知，此处说的是西瓜里的营养物质可以帮人们预防疾病、保持健康。所以A项“These help yur rgans functin well and keep yur bdy healthy and fit.(这些有助于你的器官正常运转，保持你的身体健康)”符合题意，These指代上文提到的西瓜在预防疾病方面的作用。故选A项。
19．空格处的句子应该是该部分的主题句。根据下文的句子“Since it is already knwn that the fruit prevents muscle sreness, it als eases the medical cnditin f muscle cramps which usually ccurs t a wman whse baby is due in twelve weeks.(众所周知水果可以防止肌肉酸痛，它也可以缓解肌肉抽筋的疾病，这种疾病通常发生在预产期12周后的孕妇身上)”可知，该部分说的是西瓜对孕妇的好处。所以E项“Fr Pregnant Wmen(对孕妇)”符合本段主旨。故选E项。
20．空格前的句子“Mst peple find it difficult t cnsume healthy drinks because f their unfavrable taste(大多数人很难喝到健康的饮料，因为它们的味道不好)”说大多数人很难喝到健康的饮料，空格后的句子“ S, whether ne is health-cnscius r nt, watermeln and its juice are never ging t disappint yu.(所以，无论你是否有健康意识，西瓜和西瓜汁永远不会让你失望)”提到西瓜和西瓜汁永远不会让你失望。由此推知，空格处的句子和上文句子是转折关系。所以D项“but that’s nt the case with watermeln.(但西瓜不是这样的)”符合题意。故选D项。
21．A 22．C 23．D 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．A 30．C 31．B 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了增加风暴预警时间的新方法。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：纵观历史，有许多人死于恶劣天气。气象学家和科学家都总是研究新的方法来增加对风暴的预警时间,希望减少生命的损失。A. lss损失；B. increase增加；C. prtectin保护；D. value价值。根据上文“Thrughut histry, many lives have been lst at the hands f severe weather.（纵观历史，有许多人死于恶劣天气。）”可知，很多人因天气失去生命，因此这里是指减少生命的损失。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几十年里，当地的天气雷达已经取得了进步，可以更好地预测风暴的路径。A. changing改变；B. cntrlling控制；C. predicting预测；D. guiding指导。根据上文“scientists alike are always investigating new ways t increase the warning time fr strms（气象学家和科学家都总是研究新的方法来增加对风暴的预警时间）”可知，科学家研究的新方法是用来预测风暴的，因此这里是指雷达用来预测风暴。故选C。
23．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：NEXRAD是一个由158部多普勒天气雷达组成的跟踪网络。A. faced with面对；B. expsed t暴露于；C. invlved in参与；D. made up f组成的。根据上文“by using an advanced tracking system called NEXRAD (Next-Generatin Radar)（通过使用一种名为NEXRAD(下一代雷达)的先进跟踪系统）”可知，这个新发明的本质是雷达，因此这个新发明是由158个雷达构成的。故选D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在风暴中，这种高分辨率的电脑系统需要收集大量的降水数据，他们在云中的变化数据，以及风速。A. structure结构；B. system系统；C. mde模式；D. style风格。根据上文“an advanced tracking system（一种先进的跟踪系统）”可知，这是一套电脑系统。故选B。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些读数被传回本地计算机，屏幕上就会出现彩色图像，让气象学家清楚地了解地平线上的天气状况。A. figures数字；B. data数据；C. readings读数；D. statistics统计数据。根据上文“takes readings n the amunt f precipitatin (降水) in the air（需要收集大量的降水读数）”可知，这里指的是上文收集的读数。故选C。
26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后一张图片是气象学家发布恶劣天气报告和警告时所看到的。 最有可能的是，在你的电视屏幕上，你会看到即将到来的风暴的计算机动画图像。A. likely可能地；B. evidently显然地；C. interestingly有趣地；D. imprtantly重要地。根据上文“This final image is what yu see when the meterlgist breaks in with severe weather reprts and warnings.（最后一张图片是气象学家发布恶劣天气报告和警告时所看到的。）”可知，科学家把监测到的数据制成图片传递给人们，然后人们能够看到预警的图像。这是科学家们最可能实现的结果。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果风暴足够严重，那么国家气象局(NWS)将发布你所在地区的严重雷暴警告的严重天气报告。A. decide决定；B. estimate估计；C. handle；D. issue发布。根据“Natinal Weather Service (NWS)（国家气象局）”可知，气象局是发布天气预报的。故选D。
28．考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，雷达捕捉到的风暴将产生强可读的风、可探测的闪电和一些冰雹。A. By the way顺便一提；B. In that case在这种情况下；C. T sme extent在某种程度上；D. On the cntrary相反。根据上文“If the strm is severe enugh（如果风暴足够大）”可知，只有在风暴发生后，在这种情况下，雷达捕捉到的风暴将产生强可读的风、可探测的闪电和一些冰雹。故选B。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当天气恶劣时，注意天气图是至关重要的。A. vital重要的；B. reasnable合理的；C. nrmal正常的；D. available可用的。根据上文“strng readable winds, detectable lightning, and sme hail (冰雹)（强风，闪电及冰雹）”以及下文“when severe weather is arund.”可知，这些灾难有很强的破坏性，因此对此进行关注是非常重要的。故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在电视屏幕上您将看到几个颜色的降水量地图,从蓝色到黑色。A. expanding扩大；B. spreading传播；C. ranging变化；D. extending扩展。根据下文“If the clrs range between range and red（如果颜色在橙色和红色之间变化）” 可知，由于降水量不同，预警图颜色也会随之变化。故选C。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果您的特定区域的颜色是黄色，请注意。A. prper正确的；B. specific特定的；C. typical 典型的；D. regular常规的。根据空前后“yur area（你的区域）”以及“take cautin”（注意）可知，自己所在的区域是每个人要关注的特定区域。故选B。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当乔治亚州亚特兰大的当地气象雷达报告今年早些时候有强风、循环风模式和大冰雹时，国家气象局发布了龙卷风警报。A. straight直顺的；B. unique独特的；C. general一般的；D. circular循环的。根据下文“the Natinal Weather Service issued a trnad（国家气象局发布龙卷风预警）”可知，龙卷风是由于循环的风的原因，故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年早些时候，美国国家气象局发布了龙卷风预警。A. prcess过程；B. threat威胁；C. warning警告；D. sign标志。根据下文“which areas needed t be warned（那些区域需要被预警）”可知，这里气象局发布的是预警信息。故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该地区的气象学家利用收集到的数据预测风暴的路径，指出哪些地区需要得到警告。A. indicating指示；B. recgnizing识别；C. revealing揭示；D. recmmending推荐。根据上文“Meterlgists in the area used the cllected data t predict what path the strm wuld take（该地区的气象学家利用收集到的数据预测风暴的路径）”，可知气象学家收集信息然后根据信息提示发布预警，故选A。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了这项技术，大多数居民都能及早收到恶劣天气的报告，以便在风暴袭来之前寻找避难所。A. rescue解救；B. residence住宅；C. supprt支持；D. shelter避难所。根据上文“mst residents received the severe weather reprts（大部分居民收到恶劣天气的预报）”可知，居民收到恶劣天气的预报可以采取措施避免收到人身损害，因此这里是找避难所。故选D。
36．Dear Peter，
In yur letter yu mentined hw t get the preference f Chinese universities. I believe there wuld be three main aspects t be taken int accunt.
Initially, having a gd cmmand f Chinese is a basic need t live in China. With this ability，yu can cmmunicate with native speakers easily and have access t abundant resurces. Mrever，it is vital t adapt t the new envirnment instantly. The sner yu can get used t the new envirnment，the mre beneficial it will becme t yu. Last but nt least, persnal interests and hbbies are als highly valued. Yu shuld chse a majr that yu want t devte yurself t.
With all the strengths I mentined abve, I am sure yu can vercme all the difficulties and make greater prgress in China.
Best wishes and gd luck!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国网友Peter写封信，告诉他怎样才能受到中国高校的青睐。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
首先：initially→firstly
丰富的：abundant→vast
另外：mrever→additinally
关键的：vital→critical
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I believe there wuld be three main aspects t be taken int accunt.
拓展句：I believe there wuld be three main aspects that shuld be taken int accunt.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Initially, having a gd cmmand f Chinese is a basic need t live in China.(运用了动名词作宾语)
[高分句型2] Yu shuld chse a majr that yu want t devte yurself t.(运用了that引导的定语从句)
37．primarily 38．created 39．t prduce 40．t 41．lnger 42．why
43．detailed 44．It 45．be accepted 46．phenmena
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了新型天气情况：大气湖，以及相关的一些研究情况。
37．考查副词。句意：最近，人们观察到一种称为大气湖的新型天气状况，主要存在于世界上的一个特定地区：小、移动缓慢、富含水气的池塘。分析句意可知，此处形容词primary“主要的”需要改为副词形式，修饰动词existing“存在”。故填primarily。
38．考查过去分词。句意：与大多数由漩涡形成的风暴相比，湖泊是由水蒸气浓度产生的，其浓度足以产生雨水。分析句意可知，动词create“创造”需要改为过去分词形式，作定语修饰strms“风暴”，因为其与strm形成被动关系。故填created。
39．考查不定式。句意：与大多数由漩涡形成的风暴相比，湖泊是由水蒸气浓度产生的，其浓度足以产生雨水。be +形容词+enugh+t d sth。故填t prduce。
40．考查介词。句意：这些大气湖泊类似于大气河流，是一条狭窄的湿气带。分析句意可知，此处使用了be similar t“与…相似”这一结构，比较大气湖泊和大气河流。故填t。
41．考查比较级。句意：在过去的五年中，在距离赤道10度以内发现了17个持续时间超过6天的大气湖泊。分析句意可知，此处形容词lng“时间长的”需要使用比较级lnger，表示比6天时间更长。故填lnger。
42．考查表语从句。句意：研究人员将要研究的问题之一是，大气湖泊为什么与它们形成的河湖模式分开-这可能是由于整体的大气风模式。分析句意可知，此处is后接表语从句，使关系副词用why“为什么”引导，因为后文给出了回答it’s pssibly due t“这可能是因为”。故填why。
43．考查形容词。句意：他们的下一步是收集更多数据，包括更本地化和详细的读数。分析句意可知， 名词detail“细节”需要改为形容词detailed“详细的”，作定语修饰readings“测量仪器上的读数”。故填detailed。
44．考查代词。句意：“大气湖”的概念能否被广泛接受，还有待观察。分析句意可知，此处需要使用代词it作形式主语，因为真正的主语为whether引导的主语从句，为避免头重脚轻，将主语从句放在句末。故填It。
45．考查被动语态。句意：“大气湖”的概念能否被广泛接受，还有待观察。分析句意可知，此处谓语动词accept“接受”使用被动语态，表示“这一观点是否能够被接受”。故填be accepted。
46．考查名词复数。句意：然而，这显然是分析各种气象现象并揭示其规律和可能影响的有效途径。分析句意可知，可数名词phenmenn“现象”需要使用复数形式phenmena，且前文有形容词varius“各种各样的”修饰。故填phenmena。
47．Lucy and Max finally apprached the wildlife rehabilitatin center, wet and dirty. They were greeted by a kind, elderly lady wh was the head f the center. She immediately tk the baby wl frm their hands and examined its wing. The lady tld them that the wl had a brken bne and wuld need t stay at the center fr a few weeks t receive prper care and treatment. The tw teens were praised by the center staff fr their lve and care fr wild animals.
The weeks passed quickly, and ne day Lucy and Max received a call frm the head f the rehabilitatin center They were tld that the baby wl had fully recvered. It was nw time fr the little bird t be released back int the wild. They were invited t witness the wnderful scene. Lucy and Max were verjyed t see the wl fly away, saring high int the sky. They watched in awe as the bird disappeared int the distance, free nce again. Frm that day frward, Lucy and Max learned that with a little bit f lve and hard wrk, anything is pssible. They als learned that even the smallest act f kindness can have a big impact.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了露西和她的哥哥麦克斯在去家里草莓地的路上，遇到了一只受伤的猫头鹰宝宝，于是他们将这只猫头鹰带到野生动物康复中心去救助的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“露西和麦克斯终于接近了野生动物康复中心，他们身上又湿又脏。”可知，第一段可描写野生动物康复中心将猫头鹰留下治疗，并表扬露西和麦克斯。
②由第二段首句内容“几个星期很快就过去了，有一天露西和马克斯接到了康复中心负责人的电话。”可知，第二段可描写猫头鹰康复被放飞到大自然，露西和马克斯被邀请去见证这一幕。露西和麦克斯明白了只要有一点爱和努力，一切皆有可能。他们还认识到，即使是最小的善举也能产生巨大的影响。
2.续写线索：到达野生动物康复中心——猫头鹰被留下接受治疗——表扬露西和麦克斯——放飞猫头鹰——感悟
3.词汇激活行为类
①欢迎：greet/welcme
②表扬：praise/cmmend
③产生大影响：have a big impact/make a big difference
情绪类
①非常高兴：verjyed/extremely jyful
②慈善：kindness/benevlence
【点睛】[高分句型1] They were greeted by a kind, elderly lady wh was the head f the center.（由wh引导的定语）
[高分句型2] The lady tld them that the wl had a brken bne and wuld need t stay at the center fr a few weeks t receive prper care and treatment. （由that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型3]They als learned that even the smallest act f kindness can have a big impact.（由that引导的宾语从句）
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