新教材（通用版）高考英语二轮复习专题三完形填空课件

这是一份新教材（通用版）高考英语二轮复习专题三完形填空课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了内容索引，命题透析•知考情，策略指导•觅捷径，命题特点，Group 1，Group 2，Group 3，Group 4，Group 5 等内容，欢迎下载使用。

N.1　考情透析•明晰完形填空考什么
N.2　读文总策略•破解完形填空必备3大策略
N.3　题型微技法•提升完形填空解题6大技法
N.4　真题实战•经典对练拿高分
策略一　运用文体意识, 快速提升读文速度
任何一篇文章都有它自己的文体归属, 任何一种文体都有区别于其他文体的特点, 这些特点鲜明地表现在内容的选择、结构的安排、技巧的运用和语言的表达等方面。由文体决定的这些特点对于文章的理解具有十分重要的意义。
在完形填空语篇阅读中, 研读文体特点,正确运用文体意识有助于快速理清文章脉络, 提高答题准确率。
策略二　采用正确解题步骤, 避免一叶障目
做完形填空题时,首先要通读全文和选项, 对文意有个大致的了解, 弄清楚主旨大意后, 再进行第二遍精读并利用上下文暗示答题。最大的禁忌就是急于求成, 贸然行动, 脱离语篇大环境, 仅凭主观臆断, 造成 “只见树木, 不见森林” 的片面性错误。明确解题步骤, 是做好完形填空题的关键之一。
策略三　研究典例, 掌握文章脉络分析技巧
【典例印证】(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)My life as a tax-paying emplyed persn began in middle schl, when, fr three whle days, I wrked in a baking factry. My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hugh Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 　41　 little bunny(兔子) cakes fr all its 　42　thrughut Cleveland. It happened that the plant dwntwn needed eight kids fr 　43　 help during ur spring break, fr which I had n 　44　 beynd listening t my favrite recrds. I’d 　45　 minimum wage. I’d see hw a factry 　46　. My parents thught all f this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their 　47　.  
Our 　48　 in the factry were simple: Place cakes n a mving belt. Attach icing(糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nse. 　49　 bunny frm the belt. This was 　50　 than it sunds. 　51　 a bit and the cakes pile up. As I tld my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little mre high-pressure than I’d 　52　.  Dad 　53　. The sn f a grcer, he’d spent the summers f his childhd 　54　 fd in Bernardsville, New Jersey. This was the srt f wrk that made yu 　55　 the dllars yu earned and respect thse wh did the wrk, he tld me. 
　　B.rdered　C.made　　B.familiesC.schlsB.earnC.set D.survived
B.ideasC.rlesB.KeepC.StpB.betterC.lnger dwnB.Slw dwnC.Stay nD.Mve D.remembered
D.appreciate
脉络分析一、故事背景文章首段点明故事的背景: My life as a tax-paying emplyed persn began in middle schl, when, fr three whle days, I wrked in a baking factry. 人物: I; 时间: began in middle schl; 地点: in a baking factry; 事件: wrked as a tax-paying emplyed persn
二、故事进展My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hugh Bakeries, which, at Easter time, made little bunny (兔子) cakes fr all its stres thrughut Cleveland.我最好的朋友贝齐的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理, 在复活节期间, 霍夫面包店为克利夫兰所有的商店制作小兔子蛋糕。
ßIt happened that the plant dwntwn needed eight kids fr temprary help during ur spring break, fr which I had n plans beynd listening t my favrite recrds.碰巧在我们的春假期间, 市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙, 对于春假, 我除了听我最喜欢的唱片外, 没有别的计划。
ßOur rles in the factry were simple: Place cakes n a mving belt. Attach icing(糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nse.Remve bunny frm the belt.我们在工厂里的任务很简单: 把蛋糕放在传送带上, 放上糖霜做的耳朵, 涂上糖霜眼睛和鼻子, 把兔子蛋糕从传送带上取下来。ßThis was harder than it sunds. Slw dwn a bit and the cakes pile up.  这个工作比听起来要难得多。因为速度一旦放慢一点, 蛋糕就会堆积。
ßAs I tld my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little mre high-pressure than I’d expected.第一天晚上吃饭的时候, 我告诉父母, 这个工作的压力比我预期的要大一点。
三、结局与启示This was the srt f wrk that made yu appreciate the dllars yu earned and respect thse wh did the wrk, he tld me.他告诉我,就是这种工作让你对自己挣的钱心存感激, 并且尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
技法1　利用词汇线索　
复现是一种语义衔接手段, 它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词以及同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念, 使整篇文章上下连贯, 有机衔接。因此, 考生可根据文章的具体情况, 理解文章的结构和语境, 利用文中的语义线索选择正确的答案。
(1)原词复现【典例印证1】(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)’d 　45　 minimum wage. I’d see hw a factry wrked... This was the srt f wrk that made yu appreciate the dllars yu earned and respect thse wh did the wrk, he tld 　　 B.earn　　C.set　　 D.suggest分析: 根据下文的the dllars yu earned可推知, 此处表示挣得工资, 空格处所填的词与下文的earned为原词复现。ffer “提供”; earn “挣得”; set “放置; 使处于”; suggest “建议; 暗示”。故选B项。答案: B
(2)同义词或近义词复现【典例印证2】(2021·浙江卷) mther was s tuched by her gesture that she decided t g back t the stre and give the cashier(收银员) a five-dllar bill t keep n hand in case the same happened t smene else if they didn’t have enugh 　53　 fr all f their grceries.  B.mneyC.spaceD.time
分析: 根据上文的a five-dllar bill可知, 作者的母亲给收银员一张5美元的钞票, 以防有其他人没有足够的 “钱” 来支付他们所购买的东西。a five-dllar bill 与mney的意思相近。energy “能量; 精力”; mney “钱”; space “地方; 空间”; time “时间”。故选B项。答案: B
(3)反义词复现【典例印证3】(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)’ll have ut half the gds in the shp, and want the nly style yu dn’t have left in a particular clur. I d knw hw upset the shp staff can get, but I try t persuade them t keep 　47　. B.smilingC.waitingD.changing
分析: 根据上文的upset可知, 这里表示 “我” 知道店员会多么郁闷, 但 “我” 尽力劝他们保持微笑(smiling)。upset与smiling在意义上相反。答案: B
【对点微练习】A(2021·北京东城第一学期期末检测)A schl bus driver returned t cllege t becme a high schl histry teacher, thanks t sme supprtive “After several f these discussins, sme f the students wuld tell me they wanted me t be their 　4　,” he said... B.adviserC.friendD.teacher
答案 D　解析 根据本文首段第一句中的histry teacher可以判断, 一些学生想让他做他们的历史老师, 该处复现了teacher一词。故选D项。
B(2021·福建福州3月质检), I ften relied n Chand and his clleagues t take messages, bringing supprt and 　51　. His hpeful wrds gave me sme relief... B.ideasC.cautinD.slutins
答案 A　解析 根据下文中的relief可推知, 此处表示带来支持和安慰。relief与cmfrt为近义词复现。故选A项。
技法2　利用习惯搭配　
完形填空有时候会考查习惯搭配、地道的小语块以及一些固定的结构。做题时要留意选项与空格前后的词汇是否为习惯搭配或者固定结构。
【典例印证】(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)It was just after sunrise n a June mrning. “Nicl,” whse real name cannt be 　41　 t the public because f Italy’s privacy laws, finished wrking the whle night at a factry in Turin... D.submitted
分析: 根据语境可知, 由于意大利的隐私法, 主人公的真名不能暴露在公众面前。be expsed t是固定用法, 意为 “暴露于”。答案: C
【对点微练习】A(2021·八省八校第一次联考) still remember the first ne. I was 　46　 by hw real the sund f the pian was... B.frightenedC.struckD.accessed
答案 C　解析 根据语境可知, 作者第一次上钢琴课, 被钢琴真实的声音打动了。be struck by sth意为 “被某物打动”, 是固定搭配。故选C项。
B(2021·江苏扬州第一学期适应性测试) we get lucky when we d smething wrng.Still, smetimes we dn’t. I ften wnder what 　54　 thse wh didn’t make it t graduatin. The surest way t stay ut f truble is t avid it in the first place.  f B.brught abutC.gt acrss D.brught ut
答案 A　解析 根据语境可知, 作者常常琢磨那些没能毕业的人后来怎么样了。what became f sb/sth为固定表达, 意为 “(遭遇)如何, (结果)怎么样”。故选A项。
技法3　利用逻辑关系　
完形填空通常通过上下文的逻辑关系来命题。理清上下文之间的逻辑关系, 找准关键信息词, 可以帮助考生解题。常见的逻辑关系包括并列、转折、条件、因果、递进、让步等。它们有的通过连接词来表达, 有的则隐含在句与句之间, 需要分析理解。
【典例印证】(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) bunny frm the belt. This was harder than it sunds. 　51　 a bit and the cakes pile up...  dwnB.Slw dwnC.Stay n D.Mve n
分析: 根据上文内容可知,“我” 们要把蛋糕从传送带上取下, 再根据下文的the cakes pile up可推知, 如果工作的速度稍微慢一点, 就会出现蛋糕堆积的情况。calm dwn “镇静下来”; slw dwn “放慢速度”; stay n “留下来继续”; mve n “开始做”。故选B项。答案: B
【对点微练习】A(2021·湖北武汉3月质检) water level had risen, and sn I was swinging the extinguisher underwater. I had t 　48　 fr air and dwn t take as many swings as my breath wuld allw...  utB.g awayC.g up D.g ver
答案 C　解析 根据上文可知, 水位上升, 很快作者就在水下挥动灭火器。根据逻辑关系可推知, 作者被淹没在水下了, 他就不得不从水中浮上来呼吸空气。g ut “出去”; g away “离开”; g up “浮上来”; g ver “仔细检查”。故选C项。
B(2021·江苏南通第一次调研) yu are little, s much f life is new and strange that yu quickly accept even the strangest things as being perfectly nrmal. But I remember thinking it was 　50　 that s many f these very ld wmen were hlding dlls and teddy bears tight. B.niceC.rightD.certain
答案 A　解析 根据上文可知, 当你还小的时候, 生活中有很多新鲜和陌生的东西, 你很快就会把即使是最奇怪的事情都当成是再正常不过的事情。根据But可知, 上下文之间为转折关系, 因此作者认为这么多老太太紧紧抱着娃娃和泰迪熊是奇怪的。故选A项。
技法4　利用语境暗示　
高考完形填空经常设置前后互相暗示的题目。如果是前面暗示后面, 可以从上文寻找解题线索, 这种情况相对比较容易。但在高考题中后面暗示前面的情况较多, 也就是说前面的某些填空题从当时的情况来看, 要么线索不明, 要么语境不清, 看似无法作答, 但只要我们仔细阅读下文, 就会发现下文的某个地方有暗示。所以在做题时一定要充分利用前后的语境线索, 确保答案正确。
【典例印证】(2021·浙江卷) week she walked up t the stre, but when she went t pay fr her grceries, she was 　39　 abut three dllars. The nly way t pay fr the grceries was t take ff the things she culd d withut: a bttle f rubbing alchl(医用酒精) and a bar f sap... B.cautiusC.wrngD.cncerned
分析: 根据下文的 “The nly way t pay fr the grceries was t take ff the things she culd d withut...” 可知, 作者的母亲想要支付这些东西的唯一方式就是把可以不买的东西放下。由此可推知, 作者的母亲带的现金不够。shrt “缺少的”; cautius “谨慎的”; wrng “错误的”; cncerned “关心的”。故选A项。答案: A
【对点微练习】A(2021·山东济南高三学情诊断)What if everyne in the wrld were exactly alike? The wrld wuld be extremely bring. I believe it’s imprtant t 　22　 peple fr wh they are. Differences are imprtant and they shuld be respected. B.praiseC.acceptD.cmpare
答案 C　解析 根据下文中的语境线索imprtant以及they shuld be respected可推知, 作者认为接受人们本来的样子是很重要的。故选C项。
B(2021·广东广州毕业班综合测试), lk carefully and yu’ll see many things that seem real... but they’re nt.The fishing village is full f trmpe l’eil—an art frm in which nthing is what it appears t , in Camgli, lcal art and culture are still alive. But remember, dn’t always 　55　 yur eyes! B.blckC.widenD.cheat
答案 A　解析 根据第一段最后一句和第二段第一句可知,这个城镇到处都是错视画, 很多东西看似真实, 但其实不是真实的, 所以不能总是相信你的眼睛所看到的。故选A项。
技法5　利用背景常识　
完形填空题所选的文章多具有一定的故事情节和教育意义, 这些语篇非常贴近学生的生活。考生在解题时, 可以根据文化背景知识和日常生活常识做出选择。
【典例印证】(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) sky was clear when we headed ff, but strms mve in fast in the muntains, and this ne quickly interrupted ur peaceful mrning trip. The 　49　 picked up and thunder rlled ... D.speed分析: 根据语境和常识可知, 此处为环境描写, 暴风雨来临之前, 肯定是风(wind)起雷鸣。nise“响声, 吵闹声”;temperature“气温”;speed “速度”。答案: A
【对点微练习】A(2021·山东潍坊高三联考) trpical(热带的) climate f Kerala, he said, 　25　 plenty f rain and sun, making farming hands-ff until it’s time t harvest... B.prvidesC.shifts D.requires
答案 B　解析 根据语境和常识可知, 喀拉拉邦的热带气候提供了充足的雨水和阳光, 使得农业耕作比较轻松, 直到收获的季节。stre “贮存”; prvide “提供”; shift “转换”; require “要求”。故选B项。
B(2021·山东济南高三模拟考试)My first and favurite her is my dad. I still remember the times when he wuld stay up with me t watch thse funny shws at midnight after a lng day f tiring wrk. I felt 　22　 and excitement every time he came hme frm wrk with a ty in his hand, tired but still willing t give me the wrld... B.reliefC.jyD.pride
答案 C　解析 根据语境和常识可知, 父亲下班回家时给作者带玩具, 作者应该感到高兴。peace “和平”; relief “宽慰”; jy “高兴”; pride “骄傲”。故选C项。
技法6　利用感情色彩　
记叙文和夹叙夹议文通常具有一定的感情色彩。首先要理解作者说话的语气和文章的感情色彩,而这种语气和感情色彩通常是贯穿全文的。做题时要融入故事中, 把握人物的情感态度、人际关系以及文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表达的合理性等, 读懂作者微妙的情感和态度, 并且要抓住像luckily, hwever, therefre, even, still等词语, 充分体会上下文语言的和谐性, 理解文章的深层含义。
【典例印证】(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) was the srt f wrk that made yu 　55　 the dllars yu earned and respect thse wh did the wrk, he tld me. D.appreciate
分析: 根据语境和文章的内容可知,此处表示就是这种工作让你对自己挣的钱心存感激, 并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。空格处所填的词与后面的respect在感情色彩上相呼应。withdraw “撤回; 退出”; dnate “捐赠”; receive “接收”; appreciate “感激”。答案: D
【对点微练习】A(2021·山东潍坊检测) winter I wuld get nervus fr him and ther hmeless peple. I wuld take blankets and glves t hand ut. It never felt like enugh. This winter was the wrst. One night, cncerned abut ur friend, I headed ut with blankets. I fund ur friend’s tent but didn’t hear a sund. Wrried, I pened the tent and was 　48　 by what I saw. Anther elder gentleman that was new t the twn was sleeping 　49　 under a pile f blankets. Our friend had cvered him with all f the blankets t keep him warm. Our friend sacrificed himself s anther fellw human culd survive a cld night. ...
【剖析】作者每到冬天都会给流浪汉分发毛毯和手套等保暖用品。本段描述的是一个极其寒冷的冬日, 作者带上毛毯去看望他的流浪汉朋友, 却惊讶地发现这位朋友牺牲了自己, 无私帮助其他流浪汉, 这令作者非常感动。本段描写了另外一个流浪汉的酣睡场面, 也渲染了气氛, 表达了流浪汉朋友的无私和善良。作者的担忧以及流浪汉朋友的无私善良贯穿了全段。
48.答案 A　解析 作者到达之后发现这位流浪汉朋友牺牲了自己, 把自己的毛毯给了另一个新来的流浪汉。这个行为让作者很感动, 因此A项与文章氛围相符。
49.答案 B　解析 这个新来的流浪汉盖着厚厚的毛毯, 因此他睡得很香, sundly “酣(睡)”。故选B项。
B(2021·江苏南京二模)... I’m sure my parents wn’t frget the scene where the dctr remved the gauze(纱布) frm my eyes. That 　55　 mment has stayed with me since I started my jurney between darkness and light. B.briefC.preciusD.extra
答案 C　解析 根据作者的语气和文章的感情色彩可知, 医生揭开纱布的那一刻, 是作者和父母难忘的时刻, 自从作者开始在黑暗与光明之间徘徊, 这个宝贵的时刻一直伴随着作者。
A(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)My husband, ur children and I have had wnderful camping experiences ver the past ten years.Sme f ur 　1　 are funny, especially frm the early years when ur children were little. Once, we 　2　 alng Chalk Creek. I was 　3　 that ur 15-mnth-ld by wuld fall int the creek (小溪). I tied a rpe arund his waist t keep him near t ur spt. That lasted abut ten minutes. He was 　4　, and his crying let the whle campgrund knw it. S 　5　 tying him up, I just kept a clse eye n him. It 　6　—he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-ld, hwever, did. 
Anther time, we rented a bat in Vallecit Lake. The sky was clear when we 　7　, but strms mve in fast in the muntains, and this ne quickly 　8　 ur peaceful mrning trip. The 　9　 picked up and thunder rlled. My husband stpped fishing t 　10　 the mtr. Nthing. He tried again. N 　11　. We were stuck in the middle f the lake with a dead mtr. As we all sat there 　12　, a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rpe and twed(拖) us back. We were 　13　. Nw, every year when my husband pulls ur camper ut f the garage, we are filled with a sense f 　14　, wndering what camping fun and 　15　 we will experience next. 
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要讲述了在过去的十年中, 一家人外出旅行的美好回忆。虽然旅途中也会出现意外和危险, 但作者一家人对下一次旅行仍然充满期待。1.答案 C解析 根据上文的wnderful camping experiences和下文的两个事例可知, 作者觉得对往事的一些回忆(memries)是有趣的。idea“想法, 主意”;jke“笑话”;discvery“发现”。2.答案 A解析 根据上文的wnderful camping experiences和最后一段出现的camper可知, 此处讲述的是一家人露营(camped)的经历。drive“驾驶, 开车”;walk“行走, 散步”;cycle“骑自行车”。
3.答案 D解析 根据常识并结合下文的wuld fall int the creek可知, 此处表示作者担心(wrried)15个月大的儿子会掉进小溪里。annyed“生气的, 恼火的”;surprised“惊讶的”;disappinted“失望的”。4.答案 C解析 根据常识和下文的his crying let the whle campgrund knw it可知, 把绳子拴在小孩子的腰上, 小孩子肯定感觉不舒服(uncmfrtable)。unhurt“未受伤的”;unfrtunate“不幸的”;unafraid“不害怕的”。
5.答案 B解析 根据下文的I just kept a clse eye n him可知, 作者不再用绳子拴住孩子, 而是密切关注着孩子的一举一动。instead f“代替, 而不是”, 符合语境。due t“由于, 因为”;apart frm“除了”;as fr“关于, 至于”。6.答案 A解析 根据下文的he didn’t end up in the creek可知, 作者的这个办法奏效(wrked)了, 15个月大的儿子没有掉进小溪里。happen“发生”;matter“要紧”;change“改变”。
7.答案 D解析 根据常识并结合下文的but strms mve in fast in the muntains可知, 作者一家人出发(headed ff)时, 天空是晴朗的。sign up“报名”;calm dwn“安静, 镇静”;check ut“得到证实”。8.答案 B解析 根据上文的strms mve in fast in the muntains可知, 作者一家人的美好行程由于暴风雨中断(interrupted)了。arrange“安排”;cmplete“完成”;recrd“记录”。9.答案 A解析 根据语境和常识可知, 此处为环境描写, 暴风雨来临之前, 肯定是风(wind)起雷鸣。nise“响声, 吵闹声”;temperature“气温”;speed“速度”。
10.答案 C解析 根据常识并结合下文出现的dead mtr可知, 作者的丈夫一看天气突变, 立刻去启动(start)发动机。find“发现”;hide“躲藏”;fix“修理”。11.答案 A解析 根据下文的“We were stuck in the middle f the lake with a dead mtr. ”可知, 作者一家人被困在湖中,发动机坏了, 因此此处表示运气(luck)不佳。 answer“答案”;wnder“惊讶, 惊奇”;signal“信号”。12.答案 D解析 根据上文内容并结合常识可知, 作者一家人在暴风雨中被困, 此时一定感到非常无助(helplessly)。patiently“耐心地”;tirelessly“不知疲倦地”;dubtfully“怀疑地”。
13.答案 C解析 根据上文内容可知, 这时一个渔民出现了, 他帮助作者一家人摆脱了困境, 作者一家人转危为安(safe)。srry“遗憾的”;brave“勇敢的”;right“正确的”。14.答案 D解析 根据第一段出现的wnderful camping experiences和空格后的wndering what camping fun可知, 作者一家人对未知的旅行充满了兴奋(excitement)感。relief“宽慰”;duty“责任, 义务”;pride“自豪, 骄傲”。
15.答案 B解析 根据上文列举的两个例子可知, 作者一家人的旅行充满了快乐, 但也有一些冒险(adventure)的经历。failure“失败”;perfrmance“表演, 表现”;cnflict“矛盾, 冲突”。
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①interrupt v.使中断重点语块②keep an eye n sb留神; 留意③pull up停车; 停止精彩句式④Nw, every year when my husband pulls ur camper ut f the garage, we are filled with a sense f excitement, wndering what camping fun and adventure we will experience next.现在, 每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库中开出来时, 我们都感到非常兴奋, 想知道接下来我们将会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险旅程。
B(2021·浙江卷改编)My mther is 92.Unless I have t be ut f twn, each week I take my mther t d her 　1　 and visit the dctr, prviding cmpany and transprtatin. During the week, hwever, she likes t g t a nearby stre t 　2　 sme small things she needs. Last week she walked up t the stre, but when she went t pay fr her grceries, she was 　3　 abut three dllars. The nly way t pay fr the grceries was t take ff the 　4　 she culd d withut: a bttle f rubbing alchl(医用酒精) and a bar f sap. By taking ff these, she was able t 　5　 the new ttal t the amunt f cash she had with her.  
At this stre, peple 　6　 and then g ff t the side t 　7　 their wn grceries. My mther was putting her grceries int shpping bags when a stranger came up t her and said,“Here are the things that yu 　8　,” handing her the rubbing alchl and the 　9　. My mther, wh is never speechless, was speechless. She 　10　 fr the wman’s name and address s that she culd 　11　 her. The wman tld her it was her gift. 
My mther was s 　12　 by her gesture that she decided t g back t the stre and give the cashier(收银员) a five-dllar bill t keep n hand in case the same happened t smene else if they didn’t have enugh 　13　 fr all f their grceries.  S, whever yu are, thank yu fr the randm act f 　14　 that nt nly helped my mther ut, but 　15　 t. 
　 B.husewrk　C.cking　 B.cllectC.rderB.cautiusC.wrngB.thingsC.maskB.addC.bring upB.call inC.check utD.sit B.selectC.deliver frB.talked abutC.threw awayD.put back
B.sapC.cashB.waitedC.caredB.trustC.recgnizeB.amusedC.tuchedB.mneyC.spaceB.curageC.kindness her dayB.changed her mindC.caught her eyeD.met her demand
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的母亲在商店购物时, 带的钱不够, 不得不将一些东西放回去。一位陌生女士为作者的母亲买下了这些东西。陌生人的行为感动了作者的母亲, 她决定将这份善意传递下去。1.答案 D　解析 根据上文的 “My mther is 92.”和下文的g t a nearby stre可知, 作者的母亲年纪大, 每周作者会带着母亲去购物。exercise “锻炼”; husewrk “家务活”; cking “烹饪”; shpping “购物”。故选D项。
2.答案 D　解析 根据下文的small things she needs可知, 作者的母亲去附近的一家商店去买她所需要的一些小东西。return “返回”; cllect “收集”; rder “订购”; buy “买”。故选D项。3.答案 A　解析 根据下文的 “The nly way t pay fr the grceries was t take ff the 　　　she culd d withut...” 可知, 作者的母亲想要支付这些东西的唯一方式就是把可以不买的东西放下。由此可推知, 作者的母亲带的现金不够。shrt “缺少的”; cautius “谨慎的”; wrng “错误的”; cncerned “关心的”。故选A项。 
4.答案 B　解析 根据下文的a bttle f rubbing alchl and a bar f sap可知, 医用酒精和肥皂是作者母亲暂时可以不买的东西。weight “重量”; thing “东西”; mask “口罩”; glasses “眼镜”。故选B项。5.答案 C　解析 根据上文可知, 母亲放下了一些东西才使得现在的商品总值达到她所带的现金金额。bring sth t sth表示 “使……处于某种状况”, 符合语境。故选C项。
6.答案 C　解析 根据空格后的then g ff t the side可知, 在这家商店里, 人们先结账, 然后走到一边。shw up “出现; 露面”; call in “叫……来; 拜访”; check ut “结账离开”; sit dwn “坐下”。故选C项。7.答案 D　解析 根据下文的putting her grceries int shpping bags可知, 在这家商店里, 人们结完账之后走到一边, 将所购买的物品装进购物袋。stre “贮藏”; select “挑选”; deliver “递送”; bag “把……装进袋子”。故选D项。
8.答案 D　解析 根据上一段的 “ ff the 　　　she culd d withut: a bttle f rubbing alchl and a bar f sap. By taking ff these...” 可知, 由于缺少大约3美元, 作者母亲将医用酒精和肥皂放回去了。lk fr “寻找”; talk abut “谈论”; thrw away “扔掉”; put back “放回”。故选D项。 9.答案 B　解析 根据上文的 “... take ff the 　　　she culd d withut: a bttle f rubbing alchl and a bar f sap. By taking ff these...” 可知, 作者母亲把一瓶医用酒精和一块肥皂放回去了。现在陌生人帮作者的母亲把这些东西又买了下来。receipt “收据”; sap “肥皂”; cash “现金”; bttle “瓶子”。故选B项。 
10.答案 A　解析 根据下文的 “The wman tld her it was her gift.” 可知, 作者的母亲恳求得到对方的姓名和住址以便把钱还给对方。ask fr “请求; 恳求”; wait fr “等待”; care fr “在乎”; search fr “搜索”。故选A项。11.答案 A　解析 作者的母亲恳求得到对方的姓名和住址, 是为了把钱还给对方。repay “偿还; 归还”; trust “信任”; recgnize “认出”; help “帮助”。故选A项。
12.答案 C　解析 此处表示作者的母亲如此感动, 于是她决定回到那家商店给收银员5美元的钞票。surprised “惊讶的”; amused “被逗乐的”; tuched “受到触动的; 感动的”; cnvinced “确信的”。故选C项。13.答案 B　解析 根据上文的a five-dllar bill可知,作者的母亲给收银员一张5美元的钞票, 以防其他人没有足够的钱来支付他们所购买的东西。energy “能量; 精力”; mney “钱”; space “地方; 空间”; time “时间”。故选B项。
14.答案 C　解析 陌生女士帮助母亲, 这是一种善意的行为。faith “信任; 信念”; curage “勇气”; kindness “善良”; hnr “荣誉”。故选C项。15.答案 A　解析 这种善意的行为不仅帮助了作者的母亲, 而且使她很高兴。make sb’s day “使某人非常高兴”; change sb’s mind “改变某人的主意”; catch sb’s eye “吸引某人的注意力”; meet sb’s demand “满足某人的要求”。故选A项。
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①(熟词生义) tuch v.感动; 触动②randm adj.随机的; 随意的重点语块③in case 以防; 以防万一④make sb’s day 使某人非常高兴精彩句式⑤By taking ff these, she was able t bring the new ttal t the amunt f cash she had with her.通过减掉这些东西, 她就能使得新的商品总值达到她所带的现金金额。
A(2021·全国乙卷改编)Simply saying thank yu desn’t seem enugh in certain situatins. I was cnsidering this while wrking as a 　1　 just a few weeks ag.And it came t me then hw much easier it wuld be if we had a range f wrds that express different 　2　 f gratitude(感谢). My thughts were sn put t the test. We had a wman patient wh was 　3　 frm a knee replacement peratin. One afternn, while 　4　 t get int bed she cllapsed(倒下) frm what was eventually discvered t be a heart attack. The cllapse was disastrus, 　5　 the emergency medical team and gd teamwrk. But she recvered, thugh 　6　, and was ready fr discharge(出院) after fur weeks.  
She was 　7　 fr everything that the medical and nursing team had dne fr her. On her day f discharge, we shared in her delight at her recvery. As she was 　8　 she was eager t say gdbye t each f us in the nursing team. When she 　9　 ne nurse, she tried t press a five-pund nte int her hand. My clleague 　10　 t accept it, saying that we were all just 　11　 ur jb. The patient lked puzzled, and then 　12　:“Oh, this isn’t fr the care I had. I take that as a 　13　. N, this is fr setting my hair yesterday.” And there yu have it. T many peple, 　14　 lives is part f the jb but styling hair is an 　15　 and shuld be rewarded. 
B.chemistC.nurseB.escapingC.retiringB.requiringC.frmingB.accidentallyC.slwlyB.thughtfulC.srrwfulB.thinkingC.hesitatingD.leaving
B.pretendedC.failedB.dingC.securingB.recitedC.repliedB.givenC.pushB.changingC.savingB.abilityC.peningD.extra
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人为例, 表达了我们应该对别人的付出表示真诚的感谢。1.答案 C　解析 根据第三段的 “As she was 　　　she was eager t say gdbye t each f us in the nursing team.” 可知, 当时作者是一名护士。cleaner “清洁工”; chemist “化学家; 药剂师”; nurse “护士”; dctr “医生”。故选C项。 2.答案 A　解析 根据上文的 “Simply saying thank yu desn’t seem enugh in certain situatins.” 可知, 作者认为如果有表达不同程度感谢的词, 那么感谢就容易得多了。grade “级别; 程度”; meaning “意思”; need “需求”; expectatin “期待”。故选A项。
3.答案 D　解析 根据下文的a knee replacement peratin可知, 病人做了手术, 正在恢复中。depart “出发; 离开”; escape “逃跑”; retire “退休”; recver “恢复”。故选D项。4.答案 A　解析 根据下文的get int bed she cllapsed可推知, 她尝试着自己上床时, 摔倒了。attempt “试图, 尝试”; chse “选择”; pause “暂停”; prmise “承诺”。故选A项。
5.答案 B　解析 根据The cllapse was disastrus可知, 她摔得非常严重, 需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。assess “评估”; require “需要”; frm “形成”; prve “证明”。故选B项。6.答案 C　解析 根据上文的The cllapse was disastrus可知, 她恢复得很慢。slightly “轻微地”; accidentally “意外地”; slwly “缓慢地”; happily “幸福地”。故选C项。
7.答案 A　解析 根据常识可知, 病人康复出院, 对医疗和护理团队的付出表示感激。grateful “感激的”; thughtful “体贴的”; srrwful “伤心的, 悲伤的”; fearful “恐惧的”。故选A项。8.答案 D　解析 根据上文的On her day f discharge可知, 女病人要出院了, 所以此处是指当她即将离开医院时。perate “动手术”; think “思考”; hesitate “犹豫”; leave “离开”。故选D项。
9.答案 A　解析 根据上文的she was eager t say gdbye t each f us in the nursing team可知, 此处是指她走到一个护士的身边, reach符合语境。reach “到达”; cnsult “咨询”; intrduce “介绍”; persuade “说服”。故选A项。10.答案 D　解析 根据常识和下文的we were all just 　　　ur jb可知, 作者的同事拒绝收下女士给的钱。wish “希望”; pretend “假装”; fail “失败”; refuse “拒绝”。故选D项。 
11.答案 B　解析 上文提到作者的同事拒绝收下钱, 她认为照顾病人是自己的工作。enjy “享受”; d “做”; secure “获得; 保护”; start “开始”。故选B项。12.答案 C　解析 上文提到作者的同事说照顾病人是自己的工作, 不应该得到额外的礼物, 此处是女病人对同事说的话的回应。repeat “重复”; recite “背诵”; reply “回答; 回应”; reprt “报道”。故选C项。
13.答案 B　解析 根据上文的 “Oh, this isn’t fr the care I had.” 可知, 女病人把护士对她的护理工作当作理所当然的事情。故选B项。14.答案 C　解析 根据语境可知, 此处指很多人认为拯救生命是医生和护士工作的一部分。risk “冒险”; change “改变”; save “拯救; 挽救”; build “建设”。故选C项。15.答案 D　解析 根据上文的　　　 lives is part f the jb和but可知, 此处指帮病人做发型是额外的工作, 应该得到奖励。hnur “荣誉”; ability “能力”; pening “开端”; extra “额外的东西”。故选D项。 
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①recvery n.恢复; 康复②depart v.离开; 出发重点语块③be eager t d sth 渴望做某事精彩句式④And it came t me then hw much easier it wuld be if we had a range f wrds that express different grades f gratitude.那时候我才意识到如果有一系列表达不同程度感谢的词, 那么感谢就容易得多了。
B(2021·全国甲卷改编)It’s the seaside birds that deserve at least part f the blame fr getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmnt Empress Htel in Victria, Canada.Burchill was 　1　 at the htel n business and planning t visit sme friends in the area. They had asked him t 　2　 sme pepperni(辣香肠) frm back east. S he 　3　 a suitcase full f pepperni. As he was wrried that it wuld be t warm, he 　4　 it ut n the table near an pen windw. He thught his pepperni was safe and well chilled(冷却) and he 　5　. 
That’s when things went 　6　.“I remember walking dwn the lng 　7　 and pening the dr t my rm t find an entire flck f seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter f 　8　 t the 4-star htel.“The seagulls immediately went 　9　. They rushed t the windw, 30 r 40 birds all trying t 　10　 at the same time, and pepperni—everywhere. The curtains were falling dwn; the lamps were falling dwn. It was a real 　11　.” Older and wiser nw, Burchill chalked up the incident t yuthful indiscretin(莽撞).
“I have 　12　 and I admit respnsibility f my 　13　,” he said in the letter. “I cme t yu, hat in hand, t aplgize fr the damage I had indirectly caused and t ask yu t 　14　 my lifetime ban frm the htel.” His letter 　15　. Banned frm the htel since 2001, Burchill is nw welcme t cme back, the Fairmnt said. 
B.stayingC.lkingB.haveC.bringB.lckedC.abandnedB.clearedC.cutB.nddedC.waitedB.funnyC.wrngB.drivewayC.hallB.aplgyC.requestD.invitatin
B.deadC.missing upB.get utC.take ffD.break B.puzzleC.fightB.retiredC.escapedB.plansC.madnessB.rememberC.recnsiderB.wrkedC.endedD.disappeared
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了Burchill住酒店时, 给朋友带的意大利香肠招来了海鸥, 海鸥在逃跑的过程中, 造成了一些东西的损坏, Burchill间接给酒店造成了损失。酒店把Burchill列入了黑名单, Burchill被终身禁止入住该酒店。Burchill诚恳地写了道歉信, 请求酒店重新考虑自己被终身禁止入住酒店的决定。最终, 他的信起作用了。1.答案 D　解析 根据 “Burchill was 　　　at the htel n business and planning t visit sme friends in the area.” 及生活常识可知, Burchill出差住在酒店, 准备去拜访当地的一些朋友, 自然是在酒店收拾行李。study “研究”; stay “停留”; lk “看”; pack “收拾(行李)”。故选D项。 
2.答案 C　解析 根据下文的 “S he 　　　a suitcase full f pepperni.” 可知, Burchill的朋友让他从美国东部带些意大利香肠过来。sell “卖”; have “有”; bring “带来”; taste “品尝”。故选C项。 3.答案 A　解析 根据空格后的a suitcase full f pepperni和下文的 “They rushed t the windw, 30 r 40 birds all trying t 　　　at the same time, and pepperni—everywhere.” 可知, 他装了满满一箱子意大利香肠。fill “装满”; lck “锁上”; abandn “抛弃”; lse “丢失”。故选A项。 
4.答案 D　解析 根据it ut n the table near an pen windw可知, 因为担心会太热, 他把香肠放在一扇开着的窗户旁的桌子上。dig “挖”; clear “清除”; cut “切下”; lay “放”。故选D项。5.答案 A　解析 他以为他的意大利香肠是安全的, 冷却得很好, 就走了。leave “离开”; nd “点头”; wait “等待”; regret “后悔”。故选A项。6.答案 C　解析 根据下文内容可知, 事情就在这时出了问题。far “远的”; funny “有趣的”; wrng “引起问题(或麻烦)”; blind “盲目的”。故选C项。
7.答案 C　解析 根据and pening the dr t my rm以及常识可知, Burchill走过长长的大厅, 打开了房间的门。beach “海滩”; driveway “车道”; hall “大厅”; table “桌子”。故选C项。8.答案 B　解析 根据第五段的t aplgize fr the damage可知, 此处是Burchill给酒店写的道歉信。applicatin “申请”; aplgy “道歉”; request “要求”; invitatin “邀请”。故选B项。
9.答案 D　解析 根据下文的 “They rushed t the windw, 30 r 40 birds... everywhere.” 可知, 海鸥被突然回到房间的Burchill吓到了, 变得疯狂起来。hungry “饥饿的”; dead “死亡的”; missing “失踪的”; wild “疯狂的”。故选D项。10.答案 B　解析 根据They rushed t the windw以及生活常识可知, 海鸥受到了惊吓, 想从窗户逃出去。wake up “醒来”; get ut “出去”; take ff “起飞”; break in “闯入”。故选B项。
11.答案 A　解析 根据上文的 “The curtains were falling dwn; the lamps were falling dwn.” 可知, 现场一片混乱。mess “混乱”; puzzle “不解之谜”; fight “打架”; challenge “挑战”。故选A项。12.答案 D　解析 根据上文的Older and wiser可知, Burchill已经成熟了。recver “恢复”; retire “退休”; escape “逃跑”; mature “成熟”。故选D项。
13.答案 D　解析 根据下文的 “I cme t yu, ... ban frm the htel.” 可知, Burchill承认需要对自己的行为负责。suffering “苦难”; plan “计划”; madness “疯狂”; actin “行为”。故选D项。14.答案 C　解析 Burchill向酒店道歉, 请求其重新考虑对他的禁令。replace “取代”; remember “记得”; recnsider “重新考虑”; renew “更新”。故选C项。
15.答案 B　解析 根据下文的 “Banned frm the htel since 2001, Burchill is nw welcme t cme back, the Fairmnt said.” 可知, 他的道歉信起作用了。arrive “到达”; wrk “起作用”; end “结束”; disappear “消失”。故选B项。
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①deserve v.应得; 应受②abandn v.舍弃; 遗弃; 沉溺重点语块③a flck f 一大群④chalk up t 把某事归因于
精彩句式⑤I cme t yu, hat in hand, t aplgize fr the damage I had indirectly caused and t ask yu t recnsider my lifetime ban frm the htel.我来找您, 恭恭敬敬地为我间接造成的损失道歉并请求您重新考虑我终身禁止入住酒店的禁令。
A(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Mlai grew up in a tiny village in India.The village lay near sme wetlands which became his secnd 　1　.He learned the value and beauty f 　2　 there frm a very yung age. 
When he was 16, Mlai began t ntice smething 　3　 happening arund his hme.A fld had hit the area earlier that year and the 　4　 it caused had driven away a number f birds.　5　, the number f snakes had declined as well.He 　6　 that it was because there weren’t enugh trees t prtect them frm the 　7　.The slutin, f curse, was t plant trees s the animals culd seek 　8　 during the daytime.He turned t the 　9　 department fr help but was tld that nthing wuld grw there.Hwever, Mlai went lking n his wn and 　10　 a nearby island where he began t plant trees. 
　11　 yung plants in the dry seasn was 　12　 fr a lne by.Mlai built at the 　13　 f each sapling(幼树) a bamb platfrm,where he placed earthen pts with small hles t 　14　 rainwater.The water wuld then drip(滴落) n the plants belw. Mlai 　15　 t plant trees fr the next 37 years.His effrts have resulted in 1,360 acres f naturally-grwn land that has becme hme t many plants and animals. 
B.jbC.hmeB.tensinC.painB.HweverC.TherefreB.heatC.diseaseB.partnersC.helpD.shelter
B.pliceC.frestB.discveredC.leftB.tpC.ft dwnB.keep ffC.purifyD.cntinued
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。在印度的一个小村庄里有一个男子几十年如一日地在村庄周边的荒岛上植树造林, 最后把荒岛变成了多种动植物的家园。1.答案 C　解析 Mlai在印度一个小村落长大, 小村落位于湿地附近, 于是这些湿地就成了他的第二个家(hme)。第二段的 “ arund his hme” 也是个提示。dream “梦想”; jb “工作”; hme “家; 故乡”; chice “选择”。故选C项。
2.答案 A　解析 他从很小就懂得自然(nature)的价值和美丽。nature “自然”; yuth “青春”; culture “文化”; knwledge “知识”。3.答案 C　解析 16岁时, Mlai开始意识到他家周围发生的令人不安的(disturbing)事情。precius “珍贵的”; interesting “有趣的”; disturbing “令人不安的”; awkward “尴尬的”。
4.答案 D　解析 那年年初, 一场洪水突袭了这一区域, 洪水带来的危害(damage)赶走了大量的鸟类。5.答案 A　解析 根据as well可知, 洪水除了赶走了大量的鸟类之外, 还导致蛇的数量也减少了。此处besides表递进关系。6.答案 B　解析 他意识到(realized)这是由于缺乏足够的树来保护它们。agree “同意”; realize “意识到”; remember “记得”; predict “预测”。
7.答案 B　解析 此处表示没有足够的树保护它们不受高温的影响。nise “噪音”; heat “热; 高温”; disease “疾病”; dust “尘土”。8.答案 D　解析 解决的办法当然是植树来让动物们白天找到遮蔽(shelter)的地方。directin “方向”; partner “同伴”; help “帮助”; shelter “庇护处; 遮蔽物”。9.答案 C　解析 树木属于森林部门管理, 所以他到森林(frest)部门寻求帮助, 然而被告知那里什么也不长。
10.答案 B　解析 Mlai只能依靠自己, 他发现了(discvered)附近的一个海岛, 于是开始在海岛植树。rebuild “重建”; discver “发现”; leave “离开”; manage “想方设法做到”。11.答案 C　解析 根据常识可知, 干旱季节给小树浇水(watering)对于一个男孩来说的确很艰难。12.答案 A　解析 根据下文内容可知, 干旱季节给小树浇水是很艰难的。tugh “艰难的”; illegal “不合法的”; fantastic “难以置信的”; beneficial “有益的”。
13.答案 B　解析 根据下文的 “The water wuld then drip n the plants belw.” 可知, 他在每棵小树顶端(tp)搭建了一个竹台。14.答案 D　解析 竹台上放置了带着小洞的陶罐来收集(cllect)雨水。cl dwn “冷却”; keep ff “不接近”; purify “(使)净化”; cllect “收集”。15.答案 D　解析 此后的37年里, Mlai继续植树。return “返回”; learn “学习”; fail “失败”; cntinue “继续”。
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①decline v.减少; 下降②tugh adj.艰苦的; 艰难的重点语块③turn t ... fr help 向……求助④n ne’s wn 独自精彩句式⑤His effrts have resulted in 1,360 acres f naturally-grwn land that has becme hme t many plants and animals.他的努力使1,360英亩自然生长的土地成为许多动植物的家园。
B(2020·全国Ⅰ卷改编)Since ur twins began learning t walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that ur sliding glass dr is just a windw. The 　1　 is bvius. If we admit it is a dr, they’ll want t g utside 　2　. It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently knw the 　3　. But ur insisting it’s merely a windw has kept them frm 　4　 millins f requests t pen the dr.  I hate lying t the kids. One day they’ll 　5　 and discver that everything they’ve always knwn abut windws is a 　6　.  
I wnder if parents shuld always tell the truth n matter the 　7　. I have a very strng 　8　 that the lie we’re telling is ding spiritual damage t ur children. Windws and drs have 　9　 metaphrical(比喻的) meanings. I’m telling them they can’t pen what they abslutely knw is a dr. What if later in 　10　 they cme t a metaphrical dr, like an pprtunity(机会) f sme srt, and instead f pening the dr and taking the pprtunity, they just 　11　 it and wnder,“What if it isn’t a dr?” That is,“What if it isn’t a 　12　 pprtunity?”   
Maybe it’s an unreasnable fear. But the 　13　 is that I shuldn’t lie t my kids. I shuld just 　14　 repeatedly having t say,“N. We can’t g utside nw.” Then when they cme t ther drs in life, be they real r metaphrical, they wn’t 　15　 t pen them and walk thrugh.
B.targetC.reasnB.dangerC.methd utB.give upC.wake upD.stand B.lieC.fantasyB.fearC.desireD.dubt
B.timeC.reply hld fB.stare atC.knck nD.make use B.typicalC.similar ruleB.cmfrt zneC.bttm lineD.tp B.regretC.enjyB.decideC.hesitateD.intend
【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以孩子们学走路时, 向他们传输错误的概念为例, 领悟到父母应守底线, 不应该对孩子们说谎。1.答案 C　解析 自从双胞胎刚开始学走路,“我” 和妻子就不停地告诉他们 “我们” 家的滑动玻璃门只是一扇窗户。下文给出了这么做的理由。relief “安慰”; target “目标”; reasn “理由”; case “事件”。故选C项。
2.答案 B　解析 如果 “我们” 承认滑动玻璃门是一扇门, 他们会不断地想出去。gradually “逐渐地”; cnstantly “重复不断地”; temprarily “暂时地”; casually “偶然地”。故选B项。3.答案 D　解析 根据下文可知, 孩子们显然知晓(事情的)真相(truth)。result “结果”; danger “危险”; methd “方法”; truth “真相”。故选D项。4.答案 D　解析 但是 “我们” 坚持说那仅仅是一扇窗户, 这使得他们放弃了尝试开门的请求。review “复习”; apprve “同意”; receive “收到”; attempt “尝试”。故选D项。
5.答案 C　解析 “我” 讨厌对孩子说谎, 有朝一日, 孩子们会醒来, 并发现他们对窗户的认知是一个谎言。win ut “胜出”; give up “放弃”; wake up “醒来”; stand ut “脱颖而出”。故选C项。6.答案 B　解析 从上文的 “I hate lying t the kids.” 可知, 此处表示谎言。dream “梦想”; lie “谎言”; fantasy “幻想”; fact “事实”。故选B项。
7.答案 D　解析 此处表示 “我” 想知道是不是不管结果如何, 父母总是应该告诉孩子们真相。restrictin “约束”; explanatin “解释”; difference “差异”; cnsequence “结果”。故选D项。8.答案 B　解析 “我” 有一种非常强烈的担忧(fear), “我们” 说的谎话会给孩子们带来精神上的伤害。最后一段第一句 “Maybe it’s an unreasnable fear.” 给出了提示。故选B项。9.答案 B　解析 此处表示窗和门都有重要的(imprtant)比喻意义。故选B项。
10.答案 A　解析 此处表示如果他们日后在生活(life)中遇到比喻含义的门。从下文的 “Then when they cme t ther drs in life, be they real r metaphrical, they wn’t 　　　t pen them and walk thrugh.” 也可得到提示。故选A项。  11.答案 B　解析 孩子们只是瞪着眼睛凝视它, 并疑惑: “如果它不是一扇门会怎样?” get hld f “抓住”; stare at “瞪着眼睛凝视”; knck n “敲击”; make use f “利用”。故选B项。
12.答案 A　解析 它如果不是真的(real)机会会怎样? 故选A项。13.答案 C　解析 或许这是一个不合理的担忧, 但底线是 “我” 不应该对孩子们说谎。safety rule “安全规则”; cmfrt zne “舒适区”; bttm line “底线”; tp secret “绝密”。故选C项。
14.答案 D　解析 “我” 应该接受反复强调: “不, 我们现在还不能出去。” delay “延迟”; regret “后悔”; enjy “享受”; accept “接受”。故选D项。15.答案 C　解析 当他们在生活中遇到其他的门时, 无论是真实的门还是比喻意义上的门,他们都会毫不犹豫地打开并走进去。hurry “匆忙”; decide “决定”; hesitate “犹豫”; intend “打算”。故选C项。
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①temprarily adv.暂时地②cnsequence n.结果重点语块③stand ut 出色; 杰出④get hld f 抓住
精彩句式⑤Then when they cme t ther drs in life, be they real r metaphrical, they wn’t hesitate t pen them and walk thrugh.那么当他们在生活中遇到其他的门时, 无论是真实的门还是比喻意义上的门, 他们都会毫不犹豫地打开并走进去。
A(2020·全国Ⅱ卷改编)It was just after sunrise n a June mrning. “Nicl,” whse real name cannt be 　1　 t the public because f Italy’s privacy laws, finished wrking the whle night at a factry in Turin. As he ften did, he stpped by the “after wrk auctin (拍卖)” 　2　 by the Italian plice where things fund n the trains were sld t the highest bidder. There, amng many ther things, Nicl sptted tw paintings he thught wuld lk 　3　 abve his dining rm table. Nicl and anther bidder 　4　 until Nicl finally wn the paintings fr $32. 
When Nicl retired and went t live in Sicily, he 　5　 the paintings with him. He hung them abve the same table he had mved frm Turin. His sn, age 15, wh had 　6　 an art appreciatin class, thught that there was smething 　7　 abut the ne with a yung girl sitting n a garden chair. It was signed(签名) “Bnnat” r s he thught, but when he 　8　 it, he nly fund “Bnnard,” a French 　9　 he had never heard f. He bught a bk and was surprised t find a picture f the artist Pierre Bnnard sitting n the same chair in the same 　10　 as his father’s painting.  
“That’s the garden in ur picture,” Nicl’s sn tld his father. They 　11　 learned that the painting they wned was called “The Girl with Tw Chairs.” They 　12　 the ther painting and learned that it was 　13　 Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life f Fruit n a Table with a Small Dg.” The 　14　 called the Italian Culture Ministry; the fficial cnfirmed that the paintings were 　15　 and wrth as much as $50 millin. 
B.allcatedC.expsedB.reservedC.cancelledB.familiarC.usefulD.bargained B.failedC.takenD.witnessed
B.designerC.authrB.kitchenC.hallB.cleanedC.framedB.artistC.familyB.riginalsC.mdelsD.presents
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①cnfirm v.证实; 确认 ②submit v.服从; 顺从重点语块③the highest bidder 出价最高者④take an art appreciatin class 上艺术欣赏课精彩句式⑤He bught a bk and was surprised t find a picture f the artist Pierre Bnnard sitting n the same chair in the same garden as his father’s painting.他买了一本书, 惊奇地发现画家皮埃尔·博纳尔的一幅画, 和他父亲的画是坐在同一个花园里的同样的椅子上。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。Nicl在下夜班的路上, 参与了一个拍卖活动, 花32美元买了两幅画。若干年后, Nicl的这两幅画被证明是名家名作, 价值五千万美金。1.答案 C　解析 根据语境可知, 由于意大利的隐私法, 主人公的真名不能暴露在公众面前。be expsed t “暴露于”。2.答案 D　解析 根据句意可知, 这次拍卖活动是由意大利警方负责经营的。run “经营; 管理”。
3.答案 A　解析 Nicl注意到两幅画, 他觉得如果把这两幅画放在餐桌上方, 可能看起来很漂亮。4.答案 A　解析 根据下文出现的wn一词可知, Nicl和另一个出价者开始较量起来, 此处battle是动词, 意为 “较量”。5.答案 D　解析 根据下文内容可知, 这两幅画一直跟随着Nicl, 因此, 他退休后搬家时, 把这两幅画一起带走了。
6.答案 C　解析 此处表示Nicl 15岁的儿子曾经参加过一个艺术鉴赏课。7.答案 B　解析 根据下文内容可知, 这幅画是名家的作品, 所以此处表示Nicl的儿子觉得这幅画有些不同寻常。8.答案 C　解析 根据上文内容可知, Nicl的儿子一开始以为签名是Bnnat, 但仔细研究发现, 是Bnnard。
9.答案 A　解析 此处表示这个名字是Nicl的儿子以前从未听说过的一个法国画家的名字。10.答案 D　解析 根据上文出现的a garden chair可知, 此处答案为garden。11.答案 C　解析 此处表示父子二人最终了解到事实真相, 所以用副词eventually。12.答案 D　解析 根据下文内容可知, 另一幅画也是名家作品, 可见父子俩对另一幅画也进行了仔细研究。
13.答案 B　解析 Nicl当初用32美元买下两幅画, 他并不知道这两幅画的价值。此处表示他们了解到实际上第二幅画也是大师的杰作。14.答案 C　解析 Nicl一家人得知这两幅画不同寻常, 立刻给意大利的文化部打电话。15.答案 B　解析 此处表示经有关人员证实, 这两幅画都是真迹, 并非赝品, 价值大约五千万美元。
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①cnfirm v.证实; 确认②submit v.服从; 顺从重点语块③the highest bidder 出价最高者④take an art appreciatin class 上艺术欣赏课精彩句式⑤He bught a bk and was surprised t find a picture f the artist Pierre Bnnard sitting n the same chair in the same garden as his father’s painting.他买了一本书, 惊奇地发现画家皮埃尔·博纳尔的一幅画, 和他父亲的画是坐在同一个花园里的同样的椅子上。
B(2020·全国Ⅲ卷改编)As a businesswman, I care deeply abut my custmers. But like anyne fr whm yu feel affectin, 　1　 can als drive yu mad. They’ll cme rushing in, saying their handbag’s been stlen. They’ll 　2　 that they left it in the changing rm, create havc(混乱) and then 　3　 it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have ut half the 　4　 in the shp, and want the nly style yu dn’t have left in a 　5　 clur. I d knw hw upset the shp staff can get, but I try t persuade them t keep 　6　.  
I remember the first really 　7　 custmer we had at Cvent Garden. She was displeased with abslutely everything, nthing was right and I was rather 　8　 that she became a “regular”. After a while, she 　9　 fr the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week befre, was living in a flat by herself, and since she’d fund it t much t cpe with(应对), she’d taken it ut n 　10　 peple.  
That taught me a valuable 　11　 and I pass it n t the peple wh wrk in the market. Dn’t take it 　12　.If a custmer is rude r difficult, just think “Maybe she’s had a rw with her husband. Maybe her child’s nt 　13　.” Always water it dwn and dn’t let yur eg(自我) get in the way. If yu d, yu wn’t be able t 　14　 it and the whle thing develps int an unpleasant scene and that 　15　 everyne’s day. 
B.prmiseC.imagineB.decideC.discverB.differentC.matchingB.smilingC.waitingB.pliteC.carelessD.embarrassed
B.arguedC.prayedB.suchC.therB.trickC.skillB.awayC.upB.expectC.handleB.makesC.startsD.saves
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者与顾客打交道时, 有时候会感觉非常气愤, 甚至发疯。不过在经历了一件事之后, 作者学会了如何应对“难缠”的顾客。1.答案 B　解析 根据上文的 “As a businesswman, I care deeply abut my custmers.” 可知, 此处是在讲作者与顾客之间的事情。故选B项。2.答案 D　解析 他们会信誓旦旦地说把包落在了更衣室。agree “同意”; prmise “许诺”; imagine “想象; 设想”; swear “发誓; 咒骂”。
3.答案 C　解析 后来发现(discver)包一直在他们的车里。4.答案 D　解析 他们把商店里几乎一半的商品(gds)都看个遍, 结果想要的是你唯一没有存货的那个特别颜色的款式。5.答案 A　解析 这里指顾客想要的东西恰巧是自己没有存货的那个特别颜色的款式。particular “独特的; 特别的”; different “不同的”; matching “相配的”; natural “天然的; 自然的”。
6.答案 B　解析 根据上文的upset可知, 这里表示 “我” 知道商店员工会多么郁闷, 但 “我” 都尽力劝他们保持微笑(smiling)。7.答案 D　解析 此处是在讲作者在Cvent Garden遇到的第一个难对付的顾客。difficult意为 “难对付, 难缠” 。8.答案 C　解析 不过令作者惊讶(surprised)的是, 这位顾客成了她店里的 “常客”。
9.答案 D　解析 结合下文的内容可知, 这位顾客为自己一开始的行为道歉(aplgized)了。10.答案 C　解析 这位顾客把自己的闷气发泄在了其他(ther)人身上。11.答案 A　解析 根据I pass it n t the peple wh wrk in the market可知, 这里指作者从这次经历中获得了教训(lessn)。
12.答案 C　解析 此处表示别把它放在心上。take sth persnally意为 “认为某事针对自己而不悦”。13.答案 D　解析 此处指应该站在顾客的角度考虑问题, 也许她和丈夫吵架了, 也许是她孩子的身体不太好。14.答案 C　解析 如果你这样做的话, 就无法解决问题了。stress “强调”; expect “期望”; handle “解决”; blame “责怪”。
15.答案 A　解析 整个事情会发展成不愉快的场面, 破坏每个人一天的心情。ruin意为 “毁坏, 破坏”, 符合语境。
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①affectin n.喜爱重点语块②have a rw with sb 与某人吵架③get in the way 妨碍精彩句式④That taught me a valuable lessn and I pass it n t the peple wh wrk in the market.那件事给了我一个宝贵的教训, 我把它传给了在市场工作的人。
A(2020·浙江卷改编)I’ve been farming sheep n a hillside fr 54 years. I use a small tractr t get abut. My dg Dn always sits beside me in the passenger seat.One mrning I 　1　 a lst lamb when I was in the tp field, near where a mtrway cuts thrugh my land. The lamb had becme separated frm its 　2　, s I jumped ut f the tractr t tend t it while Dn stayed in his seat.  Lamb and its mther 　3　, I turned back t the tractr nly t see it mve suddenly away frm me. This was s 　4　 because I had put the handbrake n when I jumped ut. 　5　 Dn had smehw made the vehicle mve.  
My heart frze in my chest as I saw the tractr heading twards the 　6　. I ran desperately but failed t 　7　. It crashed thrugh a wden fence and disappeared. The 　8　 thing I saw was Dn’s face, lking calmly back at me.  Heart in my muth, I 　9　 the fence and lked ver. The tractr was 　10　 against the crash barrier in the central reservatin, having miraculusly(奇迹般地) crssed the 　11　 rad with fast-flwing traffic. I culdn’t see Dn, but as I 　12　 the tractr he jumped ut nt the rad, apparently unhurt, and dashed back t me.  
The plice 　13　 and the mtrway ran nrmally again. I culdn’t quite believe my luck —it turned ut n ne gt badly hurt, but the utcme culd have been 　14　. Dn was given a special 　15　 that night—I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him. 
B.spttedC.carriedB.friendsC.wnerB.switchedC.reunitedB.mtrwayC.field ffB.catch upC.hld backD.get B.bestC.basicD.last
B.nticedC.reachedB.runningC.parkingB.lngC.rughB.repliedC.survivedB.cnfusingC.desirableB.testC.jbD.lessn
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直在山坡放羊。一天作者开着拖拉机带着他的狗去田地的路上发现了一只走散的小羊。于是, 作者下车去照看小羊, 把自己的狗留在了车上。后来作者帮助小羊找到了妈妈。令作者意想不到的是, 自己的狗开着拖拉机冲到了高速路上。作者赶紧沿途追赶, 害怕狗造成严重的后果。幸运的是, 狗没有受伤, 也没有给其他人造成伤害。1.答案 B　解析 下文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了, 所以作者无意中发现了一只迷路的小羊。drp “落下”; spt “发现”; carry “搬”; return “返回”。故选B项。
2.答案 D　解析 根据下文的Lamb and its mther可知, 小羊是和它的妈妈走散了。kid “小孩”; friend “朋友”; wner “主人”; mther “母亲”。故选D项。3.答案 C　解析 下文说作者转过身去看拖拉机, 因为小羊和它的妈妈重聚了。free “使自由”; switch “转变”; reunite “重聚”; examine “检查”。故选C项。
4.答案 A　解析 上文说作者看见拖拉机突然远离了自己, 下文提到作者跳下车时已经拉上了手刹, 所以这让作者感到出乎意料。unexpected “出乎意料的”; dangerus “危险的”; embarrassing “使人尴尬的”; difficult “困难的”。故选A项。5.答案 D　解析 根据上文的while Dn stayed in his seat可知,“我” 跳下车, 照顾小羊的时候, Dn还坐在它的座位上。很显然, 是Dn以某种方式使车子动了起来。frtunately “幸运地”; generally “通常”; immediately “立即”; bviusly “显然”。故选D项。
6.答案 B　解析 根据上文的 “ where a mtrway cuts thrugh my land.” 可知, 此处指高速公路。crwd “人群”; mtrway “高速公路”; field “田; 地”; hill “小山”。故选B项。7.答案 B　解析 根据I ran desperately和 “It crashed thrugh a wden fence and disappeared.” 可知, 作者没有追上拖拉机。take ff “起飞”; catch up “追上”; hld back “阻止”; get ut “出去”。故选B项。
8.答案 D　解析 此处指Dn回过头平静地看着 “我”, 这是 “我” 最后看到的事情。real “真实的”; best “最好的”; basic “基本的”; last “最后的”。故选D项。9.答案 C　解析 根据and lked ver可知,“我” 来到了栅栏处。fix “固定”; ntice “注意”; reach “到达”; clse “关”。故选C项。10.答案 A　解析 根据下文的the crash barrier in the central reservatin可知, 拖拉机是靠在路中间隔离带的防撞栏上。rest “倚靠”; run “跑”; park “停车”; turn “转动”。故选A项。
11.答案 D　解析 根据fast-flwing traffic可知, 这条高速公路非常繁忙。steep “陡峭的”; lng “长的”; rugh “粗糙的”; busy “繁忙的”。故选D项。12.答案 B　解析 下文提到作者的狗冲回作者身边, 所以作者一定是接近了拖拉机。abandn “抛弃”; apprach “接近”; recgnize “认出; 意识到”; repair “修理”。故选B项。13.答案 A　解析 下文提到高速公路的运行又恢复了正常, 由此可知是警察到达后处理的结果。arrive“到达”; reply“回答”; survive“幸存”; wait“等待”。故选A项。
14.答案 D　解析 根据生活常识可知, 动物开车上了高速公路, 结果是非常可怕的。cmmn “普通的”; cnfusing “混乱的”; desirable “值得做的”; awful “可怕的”。故选D项。15.答案 A　解析 根据下文的I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him可知, 作者不想让Dn认为自己生它的气, 所以作者给他提供了一顿特别的晚餐。meal “餐; 一顿饭”; test “测验”; jb “工作”; lessn “教训”。故选A项。
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①crash v.碰撞②utcme n.结果重点语块③get abut 各处走动④cut thrugh 穿过精彩句式⑤My heart frze in my chest as I saw the tractr heading twards the mtrway.当我看到拖拉机驶向高速公路时, 我的心都僵住了。
B(2019·全国Ⅱ卷改编)It’s abut 250 miles frm the hills f west-central Iwa t Ehlers’ hme in Minnesta. During the lng trip hme, fllwing a weekend f hunting, Ehlers thught abut the small dg he had seen 　1　 alngside the rad. He had tried t cax(哄) the dg t him but, frightened, it had 　2　.  
Back hme, Ehlers was trubled by that 　3　 dg. S, fur days later, he called his friend Greg, and the tw drve back. After a lng and careful search, Greg saw, acrss a field, the dg mving 　4　 away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in caxing the animal t him. Nervusness and fear were replaced with 　5　. It just started licking(舔) Ehlers’ face.  A lcal farmer tld them the dg sunded like ne 　6　 as lst in the lcal paper. The ad had a 　7　 number fr a twn in suthern Michigan. Ehlers 　8　 the number f Jeff and Lisa t tell them he had 　9　 their dg.  
Jeff had 　10　 in Iwa befre Thanksgiving with his dg, Rsie, but the gun shts had scared the dg ff. Jeff searched in vain fr Rsie in the next fur days.  Ehlers returned t Minnesta, and then drve 100 miles t Minneaplis t put Rsie n a flight t Michigan. “It’s gd t knw there’s still smene ut there wh 　11　 enugh t g t that kind f 　12　, ” says Lisa f Ehlers’ rescue 　13　.  “I figured whever lst the dg was prbably just as 　14　 t it as I am t my dgs, ” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dg, I’d hpe that smebdy wuld be 　15　 t g that extra mile.” 
B.tremblingC.eating dwnB.std upC.rlled verD.run B.stlenC.lstB.casuallyC.skillfullyB.jyC.hesitatinB.advertisedC.believedB.phneC.streetB.cpiedC.cuntedD.remembered
B.adptedC.fundB.skiedC.livedB.seesC.suffersB.trubleC.wasteB.planC.effrtB.allergicC.gratefulB.prudC.wiseD.willing
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位男士帮助素不相识的人找回走丢的宠物狗的故事。1.答案 B　解析 根据下文内容可知, 这是一只走丢的狗, 所以trembling符合语境。根据下文的cax和frightened可排除A、C、D三项。2.答案 D　解析 根据上文的frightened可知, 狗害怕了; 根据常识可推知, 它应该是跑开了。
3.答案 C　解析 根据第三段的as lst in the lcal paper可知, 此处应填lst。4.答案 A　解析 上文提到这是一只走丢的狗, 结合上一段中的frightened可知, 此处应填cautiusly。5.答案 B　解析 根据replaced以及下文的 “It just started licking Ehlers’ face.” 可知, 所填的词应该是和Nervusness and fear意思相反的词, 浏览选项可知B项符合语境。
6.答案 B　解析 根据下文的 “The ad...” 可知, 此处应填advertised。7.答案 B　解析 根据下文的 “Ehlers 　　　the number f Jeff and Lisa t tell them...” 可知, 广告上有电话号码。 8.答案 A　解析 由于广告上有电话号码, Ehlers要告诉他们找到了他们的狗, 自然要给他们打电话。call “(给……)打电话”。
9.答案 C　解析 根据上文可知, 他找到了那条狗。所以此处应是Ehlers在电话里告诉对方他找到了狗。10.答案 A　解析 根据下文提到的 “ the gun shts had scared the dg ff.” 可知, Jeff和他的狗一起外出狩猎, 所以填hunted。11.答案 A　解析 根据上文可知, Ehlers回到Minnesta后, 驱车100英里到达Minneaplis, 把狗送上了去Michigan的航班。由此可知, 此处应填cares。
12.答案 B　解析 由上题解析可知, Ehlers费了很大劲把狗送回主人身边, 故此处应填truble。13.答案 C　解析 此处指Ehlers为救这只走丢的狗而做出的努力, 所以填effrt。14.答案 D　解析 此处讲述的是Ehlers当时的想法, 他认为丢狗的人和狗的关系就如同他和自己的狗一样亲密。be clse t “和……关系亲密”。
15.答案 D　解析 此处是Ehlers提出了一种假设, 如果他的狗走丢了, 他希望也有人会愿意像他那么做。be willing t d “乐意做某事”。