专题九 非谓语动词——2024届中考英语一轮复习进阶课件【人教版】

这是一份专题九 非谓语动词——2024届中考英语一轮复习进阶课件【人教版】，共33页。PPT课件主要包含了考情分析，知识讲解，典例剖析等内容，欢迎下载使用。

非谓语动词形式在教材中频频出现，全国各省市非谓语动词考题屡见不鲜，但是在教材中却没有对非谓语动词作详尽的讲解，有些考生在解答此类题目时极易出错。通过分析近五年全国各省市的考试真题可知，动名词和不定式考察较多，主要在单项选择，完形填空以及用适当形式填空中考查。
一、非谓语动词定义动词除在句子中作谓语以外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等，这就是动词的非谓语动词。可分为三种：动词不定式、分词和动名词。
二、非谓语动词的结构形式：动词不定式：t + 动词原形(在某些情况下可以不带t )。(没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语，可以有时态和语态的变化)。 (1) 一般式：主动语态：t d , 被动语态：t be + 动词过去分词(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或之后发生)。
(2) 进行式：主动语态：t be ding , 被动语态：无(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生)。 (3) 完成式：主动语态：t have +动词过去分词，被动语态：t have been +动词过去分词 (表示动作或状态在谓语动作之前就发生)。
2. 不定式的用法： (1) 作主语：T learn a freign language is nt easy. = It's nt easy t learn a freign language. (2) 作表语：The mst imprtant thing is t finish the wrk n time.
(3) 作宾语： ① 动词+t d . (agree, chse, want, hpe, like, wish, learn, lve, plan, try, start, affrd …)He decided t buy a new watch. ② 动词+疑问词+t d I dn't knw where t put the bike . ③ 动词+形式宾语(it)+宾补+t d I find it imprtant t learn a secnd freign language .
(4) 作补语： ① 动词+宾语+t d (tell, wish, ask, want, like, beg, invite, allw, encurage…)Tm asked me t shw him the new shes . ② 动词+宾语+不带t的动词 (see, hear, feel, watch, ntice, have, make, let…)He ften saw Tm play ftball.
(5) 作状语： ① 表示目的：He went t Guangzhu t see his sns. He gt up early in rder t catch the first bus . ② 表示结果：He is t tired t walk any farther. They aren't ld enugh t g t schl. ③ 表示原因：He is srry t hear that. I am glad t see yu.
(6)作定语：I have smething t tell yu. I want t buy smething t eat.
3. 动词不定式t 的省略① 在感官动词feel, hear, see, watch, ntice 及使役动词have, let, make等后面要省t，但在变被动语态时要还原不定式t。I ften saw him g ut f the rm. He was ften seen t g ut f the rm by me. ② 在had better, wuld rather, d nthing but等后面常省t。动词不定式的否定形式：nt + t d ，有时也可以用-never + t d 结构。
4. 动名词：动词原形+ing具有名词、动词一些特征。 (1) 一般式：主动语态：ding ，被动语态：being + 动词过去分词(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或之后发生)。 (2) 完成式：主动语态：having +动词过去分词，被动语态：having been +动词过去分词(表示动作或状态在谓语动词的动作或状态之前就发生)。Children enjy watching animated cartn. I dn't remember having ever seen the film.
(3) 动名词的否定形式：nt + 动名词(v-ing) I regret nt being able t help yu. (4) 用法： ① 作主语： 动名词作主语如果太长，可以用形式主语it代替。Learning English is very imprtant. It's very imprtant t learn English. N + 动名词表示"禁止"。N smking, N parking.
② 作宾语：He finished ding his hmewrk. ③ 作表语：His favurite sprt is playing basketball. ④ 作定语： (表明名词的用途、功能等)shpping basket, finishing line. ⑤ 动名词的复合结构：名词所有格、形容词物主代词+动名词。D yu mind my / Wei Fang's pening the windw?
5. 分词：动词原形+ing/+ed 具有形容词、副词和动词一些特征。(可分为现在分词、过去分词) 现在分词 (1) 一般式：主动语态：ding ，被动语态：being + 动词过去分词(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生) (2) 完成式：主动语态：having +动词过去分词，被动语态：having been +动词过去分词(表示动作或状态在谓语动词的动作或状态之前就发生)(3) 动名词的否定形式：nt + 动名词(v-ing) N understanding the meaning f the wrds, he culdn't explain the sentence.
(4) 用法： ① 作表语。The result is surprising. ② 作定语。Develping cuntry (主谓关系) sleeping by (by 所做的动作) ③ 作状语。Passing by the huse, he saw a girl playing the pian. = when he was passing by the huse, he saw a girl playing the pian. ④ 作宾补。I fund him lying n the grass.
过去分词 (1) 形式：规则动词+ed，和不规则动词的过去分词。 (2) 过去分词的否定形式：nt + 动词过去分词。
(3) 用法： ① 作表语：My bike is brken. He is very wrried. ② 作定语：develped cuntry, fallen leaves, spken English. ③ 作状语：Asked why he was absent, he said he was ill. = When he was asked why he was absent, he said he was ill.④ 作宾补：Yu had better have yur shes mended. I had my hair cut yesterday.
1.Mst f the bys have fun ______ cmputer B.t play C.playing D.plays
答案：C 解析：have fun ding sth意为“做某事很开心”，为固定用法。
2.Peple shuld stp _____ rubbish _____ the sea.t put; int B. putting; intC. putting; n D. t put; n
答案：B解析：句意为: 人们应该停止向大海中倒垃圾。意为"把倒入"; stp ding sth意为"停止做某事", 符合语境。
3.—Where is Alice?—I think she is in the library. I saw her _____ ur classrm just nw.A. t passB. passedC. passD. passes
答案：C解析：see sb. d sth.意为"看见某人做某事"，强调过程，此处要用动词原形。故选C。
4. I was s lucky, because my hst family went ut f their way ________ me feel at makeB. makingC. madeD. makes
答案：A解析：句意：我很幸运，因为我的寄宿家庭想尽办法让我感觉像在家里一样。考查非谓语动词。根据“my hst family went ut f their way … me feel at hme”可知，此处考查g ut f ne’s way t d sth表示“不怕麻烦地做某事”，故选A。
5.My mther asked me ______ t much ice cream, ______ my teeth were very weak.A. t eat; becauseB. nt t eat; becauseC. t eat; fr D. nt eat; s
解析：根据固定短语 ask sb. (nt) t d sth.可知，此处应为不定式。而本句意为：妈妈叫我不要吃太多冰淇淋，因为牙不太好。故选B。
6.I Hamlet(《哈姆雷特》)is a famus play________ by William B.written C.writingD.wrte
答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词。此处意为“由莎士比亚写的戏剧" , play 与 write有被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语修饰play。故选B。
7.Listening t English sngs is als a gd way ________ ur English level.A. imprveB. imprvingC. t imprveD. imprved
答案：C解析：句意：听英文歌也是提高我们英语水平的好方法。考查动词不定式的用法。a gd way t d sth.表示“做某事的好方法”，此处用动词不定式“t imprve”作后置定语。故选C。
8.My brther is reading the nvel The Adventures f Huckleberry Finn ________ by Mark Twain these days.A. writtenB. was writtenC. wrte
答案：A解析：句意： 这些天我哥哥正在看马克·吐温写的小说《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》。考查非谓语。分析句子题干可知，这里已经有谓语动词，所以空处应填非谓语，此处应用过去分词作定语，故选A。
9.The girl seemed t busy _____ fr her test _____ her mther enter the rm.A. preparing; t nticeB.t prepare; t nticeC. preparing; nticingD.t prepare; nticing
答案：A解析：句意：那个女孩似乎太忙于准备考试以至于没有注意到她妈妈进了房间。考查非谓语动词。be busy ding sth“忙于做某事”，为固定短语，所以排除BD选项；“太……而不能”，第二空应用t ntice，故选A。
10.Different kinds f tea ________ different water temperatures, brewing times and prcesses. What abut ________ t a teahuse in Chibi t taste its brick tea?requires; cmingB. require; cmeC. requires; cme D. require; cming
答案：D解析：不同种类的茶需要不同的水温、冲泡时间和工艺。来赤壁的茶馆尝尝那里的砖茶怎么样？考查动词用法。第一句的主语是“Different kinds ftea”，kind表示“种类”，此处是复数形式，本句是一般现在时,require用原形；What abut ding sth.表示“做某事….”，此处用cming。故选D。