吉林省通化市梅河口市梅河口市第五中学2024届高三下学期一模英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份吉林省通化市梅河口市梅河口市第五中学2024届高三下学期一模英语试卷(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
What is PayQuick?
PayQuick is a fast payment service fr shpping in the biggest supermarket in UK — Tesc. It allws yu t add yur credit r debit card details t the app s yu can use yur smartphne t pay fr yur shpping with just ne scan, which means yu can g wallet-free in all UK Tesc stres.
What are the benefits?
●Cllect yur Tesc pints autmatically
●Pay fr yur weekly shpping up t £250
●Use PayQuick ffline, even with n signal
●Track yur spending in Tesc
Hwever, nly ne qualifying deal per week will cllect the extra Tesc pints. Additinal payments in the same week wn’t receive extra pints. Tesc pints will be added t yur future Tesc pints statement.
Hw t get yur PayQuick?
Available t new custmers wh sign up by 3rd March 2024, the PayQuick app can be dwnladed frm the App Stre r ur fficial website. Once yu have the app n yur phne, register yur persnal details n the app t get an accunt. Nte that fr each custmer, nly ne accunt is allwed and a family shared accunt will nt be acknwledged. Finally, with all the preparatin wrk dne, yu’ll be ready t shp using just yur phne.
Plus, there’s n need t wrry abut yur bank details being stred n yur phne — they’re all securely prtected in ur data centers. S nt nly is it quicker and easier, it’s safer than ging shpping with yur wallet as well.
1．If custmers use PayQuick in UK Tesc stres, they can ______.
A. purchase things nly ffline
B. get their Tesc pints autmatically
C. keep track f their daily spending
D. pay fr their shpping withut limit
2．Which is NOT a must fr PayQuick users?
A. T register by 3rd March 2024.
B. T dwnlad the PayQuick app.
C. T bring their phnes with them.
D. T share the accunt with their family.
3．What is the authr’s intentin in writing this passage?
A. T ensure the safety f PayQuick.
B. T stress the imprtance f PayQuick.
C. T ppularize the use f PayQuick.
D. T illustrate the applicatin f PayQuick.
At 98, Dick Van Dyke still sings with his grup, The Vantastix, and still makes it all lk easy. When asked hw imprtant it is that he’s having fun when he’s ding it, Van Dyke replied, “My whle career has relied n that. It’s such a blessing t find a way f making a living that yu lve. I feel s srry fr peple wh hate their jb. I lk frward t ging t wrk every mrning!”
And sme f his wrk helped define a generatin. Take “The Dick Van Dyke Shw”; it ran fr five years n CBS, and it was such a hit that they’re bringing it back. This week, CBS aired a tw-hur tribute(致敬), “Dick Van Dyke,98 Years f Magic”, and fr the ccasin, they recreated the riginal Dick Van Dyke Shw set, dwn t that well-knwn sfa.
Early in his career Van Dyke was quted as saying he nly wanted t make films his children culd watch. That gt the attentin f Walt Disney, wh prmptly cast him in “Mary Pppins”. And his next few films were equally family-friendly, like “Chitty Chitty Bang Bang,” which happened t have been c-written by James Bnd creatr Ian Fleming. Frm then n, Van Dyke was almst always assigned t play the gd guy, thugh he claims t have missed ut n a chice part: “Yeah, I culd have been James Bnd. When Sean Cnnery left, the prducer said, ‘Wuld yu like t be the next Bnd?’ I said, ‘Have yu heard my British accent?’ That’s a true stry!”
It seems that in shw biz the true legends never stp. In an interview frm 2017 with his friends, Van Dyke described what it was like hitting 90:“Peple are mre afraid f aging than they are f death these days. And I want t say that remain yung in heart and there’s a lt f gd living t d.”
4．What can we infer frm Dyke’s reply in Paragraph 1?
A. He enjys his jb.B. He hates mrning wrk.
C. He sees his jb as a burden. D. He prefers leisure t wrk.
5．What did CBS d fr Dyke?
A. They created a new set fr his shw. B. They bught a famus sfa fr him.
C. They made a special prgram fr him. D. They invited yung generatin t watch his shw.
6．Which statement is true abut Dyke’s career?
A. His films are rarely family-friendly.
B. His films are nly made fr his children.
C. Van Dyke was always playing the gd guy.
D. Van Dyke had the chance t play James Bnd.
7．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Frever Yung.B. Wrk Cmes First.
C. Always Have Fun.D. Legends Are Timeless.
3M and Discvery Educatin annunced Sean Jiang frm Gilman Schl as ne f the tp ten finalists frm acrss the natin fr the 2023 3M Yung Scientist Challenge. It’s a cmpetitin that encurages students t identify an everyday prblem and submit a vide shwing the science behind the slutin he r she came up with.
14-year-ld Jiang decided t help thse wh can’t see. Blind peple had a hard time navigating (导航) bjects that are medium t far range. S Jiang wanted t design smething t give them a heads-up n bstacles (障碍) that may be incming.
Jiang’s inspiratin came frm the pwers f the hearing system. “I learned in schl that bats and whales are able t use echlcatin (回声定位) t help them navigate and just use their sense f hearing and I als saw n YuTube sme very skilled blind peple that use echlcatin t help them walk,” said Jiang.
Jiang started with a virtual reality setting and then made it a reality. His creatin uses a depth camera that can detect hw clse bjects are, thus giving enugh time t ddge the bstacles. When a blind is walking with the device, the sensr f the depth camera gathers the infrmatin regarding the bstacles’ psitin and distance. Then the AI system in it will turn the distance data int musical sund guidance. This culd significantly increase the walking speed f a blind persn as well as decrease the number f bstacles they hit.
Sme ther similar prgrams were alright at finding bjects that were in clse range, but Jiang still wanted the blind t experience the wrld even fuller s they were able t see stuff that was much further away than their circle f reach.
In Octber, the tp ten finalists will cmpete in persn in Minneaplis fr the title f “America’s Tp Yung Scientist” and a $25, 000 prize.
8．What can we learn abut Jiang frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. He was the champin f the 2023 3M event.
B. He invented technlgy t remve rad bstacles.
C. He sught t assist the blind in walking smthly.
D. He develped a new navigatin app fr his schl.
9．Why did Jiang mentin “echlcatin”？
A. T shw the develpment f technlgy.
B. T present the difficulties the blind face.
C. T stress the significance f hearing.
D. T explain the inspiratin f his inventin.
10．What des the underlined wrd “ddge” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Avid.B. Encunter.C. Challenge.D. Remve.
11．What is the text mainly abut?
A. 3M facilities intended fr the blind.
B. A teen using sund t help the blind.
C. An inventin t cure visin prblems.
D. A cmpetitin t imprve the blind’s life.
Mn dust is the abslute wrst. Nt nly des electrstatics (静电) cause it t stick t virtually everything, but it als has the cnsistency and feel f finely grund fiberglass. It was a genuine prblem fr the six Apll crews wh visited the mn’s surface — mn dust cvered their suits, wrked their way int engines and electrnics, and even ruined a few f their extremely expensive spacesuits.
These are all serius issues t cnsider ahead f NASA’S planned return t the mn’s surface in 2025, but a team f cllege undergraduates at Washingtn State University just develped a slutin t mn dust — spraying liquid nitrgen (氮) nt mn dust. The team develped a new spray that takes advantage f the Leidenfrst effect. Named after its discverer, an 18th-century German dctr Jhann Gttlb Leidenfrst, it ccurs when a liquid cmes int clse cntact with a significantly htter surface, causing it t quickly frm a prtective layer f vapr (蒸汽) that briefly keeps it frm evaprating, such as when water frms int drps and runs acrss a very ht frying nan. The same principle wrks similarly in space. In this case, a liquid nitrgen spray (typically arund -320℉) cmes int cntact with a surface’s relatively warmer lunar dust cating, causing the particles t turn int things like drps and flat away n the nitrgen vaprs.
T test their spray, the research team first dressed a Barbie dll wrapped with a material used t make spacesuits. They then sprayed it with liquid nitrgen in a nrmal atmspheric cnditin as well as the circumstances similar t uter space. Nt nly did the liquid nitrgen spray perfrm better in the latter circumstances, but als it nly resulted in minimal damage t the spacesuit material. In past lunar missins, astrnauts’ specialized brushes fr the mn dust task ften caused damage t spacesuits after a single use. In cmparisn, the liquid nitrgen spray tk 75 uses befre similar issues ccurred.
Ging frward, the team hpes t further research the cmplexity that makes the cleaning prcess s effective, as well as secure funding t cnstruct testing rms mre clsely resembling the lunar surface’s gravity. With any luck, maybe a can f their Mn-Dust-Gne will be abard a future Artemis missin, ready t help astrnauts avid ne f the lunar surface’s annying things.
12．Why des the authr mentin “Apll” in the first paragraph?
A. T prve mn dust is a real headache.
B. T cmpare past and present mn prgrams.
C. T shw the achievements in mn explratin.
D. T ffer readers insights int the Apll prgram.
13．What des the underlined wrd “particles” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A. Liquid waste.B. Mn dust.C. Nitrgen spray.D. Prtective cating.
14．What did the research team find abut their spray in Paragraph 3?
A. It belnged t single-use items fr astrnauts.
B. It perfrmed better in nrmal atmspheric cnditins.
C. It increased the strength f the material f spacesuits.
D. It prtected spacesuits better cmpared with the brush.
15．What may the fllw-up research f the spray fcus n?
A. Test subjects.B. Cmplex lunar surface.
C. Other applicatins.D. Reasns fr efficient cleaning.
二、七选五
16．One might hpe that children’s capacity fr bredm wuld be matched by an appetite fr all things new — If nly parenting were s easy. ① _________ Here are expert-apprved tips n hw t get yur kids t attempt new things withut frightening them ff.
Start with what they knw. Take smething yur kids already like r are gd at, and push them t try it in a new envirnment r a slightly different way. If yu want yur kids t feel cnfident abut their strengths and use that as a springbard t try smething new, think: ② _________ Hw can yu help them advance in that? There is n need t learn a new thing — yu just create an pprtunity t push yur kids t try smething new with the skill they knw.
Make a list. Ask yur children what new things they want t try ut r have them write a list. Help them figure ut what it is that they are wrried abut when they avid new things. ③ _________ It’s a way t help them feel in charge f their emtins and understand the cnnectin between thughts and actins.
④ _________ Yu shuld bth recgnize yur children’s fears and express certainty that they can handle the task. It is imprtant t prject cnfidence in yur children. Say yu believe they have capacity t handle thse challenges and tlerate the discmfrt r wrries r negative feelings that might cme alng with ding new r scary things.
Cnsider if they are ding enugh. Yu shuld als d sme reflecting f yur wn. D yur children really need t try tfu r martial arts? If yur kids are functining verall, they are ding the basics and they have sme friends, then be encuraging. ⑤ _________ Smetimes ding that stps yu frm fcusing n the things they are ding.
A. Sympathize and encurage.
B. Be tlerant and pen-minded.
C. What are yur kids cmfrtable with?
D. Why are yur kids fascinated by new things?
E. Dn’t verstress n everything they are nt ding.
F. Smetimes the act f identifying and naming fears can help decrease them.
G. Trying new things is difficult fr many children, whether a different fd r skill.
三、完形填空（15空）
I was ten when my mther was diagnsed with cancer. Prir t that, she had been a(n) 1 wman, active t an extent mst peple fund astnishing. As a child, I was amazed by her accmplishments. But at thirty-ne, her life 2 . And s did mine.
She culd d anything, I 3 . She wn tennis turnaments. She tk phtgraphs and held her wn exhibitin. She 4 as a newspaper clumnist, and she cked Spanish dishes fr the family.
Nw, she faced her illness with the same 5 . Wrds like “disabled” and “physical therapy” became part f a(n) 6 new wrld we entered tgether. 7 , I began t help take care f her. And it became rutine t 8 her int the kitchen, where she instructed me in the 9 f peeling carrts and ptates and hw t prepare a decent breakfast.
Every accmplishment was a 10 fr us bth: the electric typewriter, the car with pwer steering and brakes, her return t 11 , where she earned a master’s degree in special educatin. She eventually funded an activist supprt grup called The Handicappers. One day, withut 12 much befrehand, she tk me t a Handicappers meeting. I had never seen s many peple with s many 13 . I returned hme, thinking hw 14 we really were.
Because my mther accepted her cnditin with such ptimism, I rarely felt sad r resentful abut it. Instead, I viewed her drive t lk frward t things I 15 as a great mystery and pwerful inspiratin in my life.
17．A. gentleB. energeticC. talentedD. decent
18．A. changedB. failedC. imprvedD. paused
19．A. imaginedB. admittedC. dubtedD. believed
20．A. appliedB. spkeC. wrteD. studied
21．A. successB. sincerityC. enthusiasmD. wisdm
22．A. familiarB. strangeC. excitingD. changeable
23．A. GraduallyB. ParticularlyC. AlternativelyD. Finally
24．A. dragB. pullC. guideD. wheel
25．A. artB. significanceC. safetyD. plan
26．A. slutinB. milestneC. dreamD. warning
27．A. hspitalB. curtC. wrkD. cllege
28．A. sayingB. hidingC. pretendingD. shwing
29．A. giftsB. disabilitiesC. weaknessesD. privileges
30．A. strngB. hpelessC. helpfulD. frtunate
31．A. tk int accuntB. bre in mind
C. tk fr grantedD. kept in check
四、短文填空
32． Are yu familiar with pp star Jay Chu’s Blue &White Prcelain? Its riginal lines, just ① ________ the cmpser Fang Wenshan described, were inspired by Ru prcelain(汝瓷).
Ranked best amng famus kinds during the Sng Dynasty(960-1279), Ru prcelain is knwn fr its unique pale blue glaze(釉).Oceans ② ________ Ru prcelain flded nt the market arund the year f 1100, but the ③ ________ (exist)f Ru ware nw is actually rare. Thanks t the effrts f Ru prcelain inheritrs, peple can nw appreciate it ④ ________ (clse)at hand than befre.
Brn in Ruzhu, Henan prvince, Li Cha has spent a decade ⑤ ________ (better)crafting skills. Ru prcelain ges thrugh 72 steps, the ⑥ ________ (ne)f which is knead(揉)mud. Any small errrs culd lead t disaster, said the 41-year-ld inheritr. He then stressed that a Ru prcelain inheritr must be patient enugh. Every item f artwrk ⑦ ________ (full)deserves ur admiratin.
Techniques f making Ru prcelain will ⑧ ________ (lse)with senir inheritrs gradually passing away. S, ⑨ ________ Li spares n effrt in ding is intrducing it t wider masses.⑩ ________ (achieve)this gal, he creatively uses Ru prcelain in making daily ware(陶器) ppular amng yung peple. Nw he’s aiming t expand the market by intrducing it t the whle wrld.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，你校英文校报“体育”版正在征集稿件，主题为“我喜爱的一项体育运动”,请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.介绍该体育运动；
2.喜欢它的理由；
3.呼吁更多同学参与该运动。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
My Favurite Sprt
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Grandma tried t straighten ut her fingers. “Jessica, I think I am dne knitting (编织),” she said. “My fingers just wn’t d what I tell them any mre.” I lked at Grandma’s hands, remembering that she had taught me hw t knit glves fr my dlls since I was little and that her hands had been sure and strng whatever she had knitted. Grandma had always said that I was very gd with her knitting needles and balls f yarn (纱线).
But this winter she culd hardly bend her fingers. The dctr said Grandma had arthritis (关节炎), suggesting she shuld keep her hands warm. I made her cups f tea t hld and mved her chair clser t the fire. Hwever, her fingers were still difficult t mve.
I wasn’t used t seeing Grandma’s hands s still. In the mrning, her hands were still in her lap. In the evening, her quiet hands even made her vice stay still. I tried t help her find her vice. “Grandma, tell me abut when yu were a little girl like befre,” I begged, knwing she lved t tell interesting stries f her nine brthers and sisters and herself during their childhd. “That was s lng ag, Jessica,” whispered Grandma. “I can barely remember.”
This winter there were n hats with matching glves r sft sweaters knitted by Grandma. But I missed her vice mre than thse. What abut her sister Olga giving their snwman a bath in ht water? What abut her brther Peti cutting ff her dll’s beautiful hair and then hiding it? Were thse wrds still mving silently in her head?
After dinner, Grandma fell asleep in her rcking chair. Mm srted thrugh ur knitting items, amng which an ld pair f glves caught my attentin. The glves were Grandma’s favrite nes with the names f Grandma and her nine brthers and sisters n the fingertips. Each time she wre them, all her happy childhd memries wuld becme very interesting stries in her muth.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The glves gave me an idea.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Grandma, shall we knit a new pair f glves?” I asked hpefully.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据What are the benefits？部分中“Cllect yur Tesc pints autmatically(自动收集你的Tesc积分)”可知，如果顾客在英国乐购商店使用PayQuick，他们可以自动获得乐购积分。故选B。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Hw t get yur PayQuick？部分中“Nte that fr each custmer, nly ne accunt is allwed and a family shared accunt will nt be acknwledged. (请注意，对于每个客户，只允许使用一个账户，并且不会确认家庭共享账户。)”可知，对于每个客户只允许使用一个账户，不允许共享家庭账户。故选D。
3．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。通读全文，本文介绍了PayQuick，一种适用于英国最大的超市Tesc的快速付款服务。通过在应用程序中添加信用卡或借记卡信息，用户可以使用智能手机进行扫码支付购物，享受无需钱包的便利。PayQuick的好处包括自动收集Tesc积分、每周最多支付250英镑的购物款项、线下使用功能以及追踪在Tesc的消费。文章的意图是推广PayQuick的使用。故本文的目的是推广使用PayQuick。故选C。
4．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段When asked hw imprtant it is that he's having fun when he's ding it, Van Dyke replied, "My whle career has relied n that. It's such a blessing t find a way f making a living that yu lve. I feel s srry fr peple wh hate their jb. I lk frward t ging t wrk every mrning!"(当被问及在比赛中获得乐趣有多重要时, Van Dyke回答说: “我的整个职业生涯都依赖于此。能找到一种自己喜欢的谋生方式是一种福气。我为那些讨厌自己工作的人感到难过。我每天早上都盼望着去上班!”) 可知, Van Dyke很喜欢自己的工作。故选A。
5．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段This week, CBS aired a tw-hur tribute(致敬), "Dick Van Dyke, 98 Years f Magic", and fr the ccasin, they recreated the riginal Dick Van Dyke Shw set, dwn t that well-knwn sfa. (本周, 哥伦比亚广播公司播出了一个两小时的致敬节目"Dick Van Dyke, 98年的魔力",为了这个场合, 他们重现了"Dick Van Dyke秀"的原始场景,包括那张著名的沙发。) 可知, 哥伦比亚广播公司为他制作了一个特别节目。故选C。
6．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段Frm then n, Van Dyke was almst always assigned t play the gd guy, thugh he claims t have missed ut n a chice part: "Yeah, I culd have been James Bnd. When Sean Cnnery left, the prducer said, 'Wuld yu like t be the next Bnd?' I said, 'Have yu heard my British accent?' That's a true stry!" (从那以后, Van Dyke几乎总是被分配扮演好人, 尽管他声称自己错过了一个选择角色: "是的, 我本来可以演詹姆斯・邦德的。当肖恩·康纳利离开时,制片人说: '你想成为下一个邦德吗? '我说, '你听到我的英国口音了吗? "这是一个真实的故事! ") 可知, Van Dyke本有机会扮演詹姆斯·邦德的。D . Van Dyke had the chance t play James Bnd. (Van Dyke有机会扮演詹姆斯・邦德。) 符合文意, 故选D。
7．答案：C
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段When asked hw imprtant it is that he's having fun when he's ding it, Van Dyke replied, "My whle career has relied n that. It's such a blessing t find a way f making a living that yu lve. I feel s srry fr peple wh hate their jb. I lk frward t ging t wrk every mrning!"(当被问及在比赛中获得乐趣有多重要时, Van Dyke回答说: “我的整个职业生涯都依赖于此。能找到一种自己喜欢的谋生方式是一种福气。我为那些讨厌自己工作的人感到难过。我每天早上都盼望着去上班!”) 以及最后一段In an interview frm 2017 with his friends, Van Dyke described what it was like hitting 90: "Peple are mre afraid f aging than they are f death these days. And I want t say that remain yung in heart and there's a lt f gd living t d." (在2017年接受朋友采访时, Van Dyke描述了90岁的感觉: "现在人们更害怕衰老, 而不是死亡。我想说的是, 保持年轻的心态, 还有很多美好的生活要做。") 可知, 文章主要讲述了Van Dyke将自己的成功归于获得乐趣。C. Always Have Fun. (保持快乐。)符合文意, 故选C。
8．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“14-year-ld Jiang decided t help thse wh can’t see. Blind peple had a hard time navigating(导航) bjects that are medium t far range. S Jiang wanted t design smething t give them a heads-up n bstacles(障碍) that may be incming. (14岁的Jiang决定帮助那些看不见的人。盲人很难在中远距离的物体上导航。因此，Jiang想设计一些东西，让他们对可能到来的障碍有所预警。)”可知，Jiang设法帮助盲人顺利行走。故选C项。
9．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“Jiang’s inspiratin came frm the pwers f the hearing system. (Jiang的灵感来自于听觉系统的力量。)”以及Jiang所说“I learned in schl that bats and whales are able t use echlcatin (回声定位) t help them navigate and just use their sense f hearing and I als saw n YuTube sme very skilled blind peple that use echlcatin t help them walk.( 我在学校里学过蝙蝠和鲸鱼能够利用回声定位来帮助它们导航，而且我还在YuTube上看到一些非常熟练的盲人利用回声定位来帮助他们走路。)”可知，Jiang提到“回声定位”是为了解释他的发明灵感。故选D项。
10．答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。划线词句后文“When a blind is walking with the device, the sensr f the depth camera gathers the infrmatin regarding the bstacles’ psitin and distance. Then the AI system in it will turn the distance data int musical sund guidance. This culd significantly increase the walking speed f a blind persn as well as decrease the number f bstacles they hit. (当盲人使用该设备行走时，深度相机的传感器会收集有关障碍物位置和距离的信息。然后其中的人工智能系统将把距离数据转化为音乐声音引导。这可以显著提高盲人的行走速度，并减少他们撞到的障碍物数量。)”说明该设备能够帮助盲人避开障碍物，从而推知划线词句“His creatin uses a depth camera that can detect hw clse bjects are, thus giving enugh time t ddge the bstacles. (他的发明使用了一个深度相机，可以探测到物体有多近，从而有足够的时间ddge障碍物。)”故划线词汇意思是“避开”。故选A项。
11．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段中“14-year-ld Jiang decided t help thse wh can’t see. (14岁的Jiang决定帮助那些看不见的人。)”以及第三段中“Jiang’s inspiratin came frm the pwers f the hearing system. (Jiang的灵感来自于听觉系统的力量。)”等内容可知，本文主要介绍了一个青少年Sean Jiang的发明创造，他发明的设备能用声音帮助盲人顺利行走。故选B项。
12．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段前两句“Mn dust is the abslute wrst. Nt nly des electrstatics (静电) cause it t stick t virtually everything, but it als has the cnsistency and feel f finely grund fiberglass.(月球尘埃绝对是最糟糕的。静电不仅使它能粘在几乎所有东西上，而且它还具有磨细的玻璃纤维的一致性和触感。)”可知，作者在第一段提到“阿波罗”是为了证明月球尘埃是件很头疼的事。故选A。
13．答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据文章第二段最后一句中的“a liquid nitrgen spray (typically arund -320℉) cmes int cntact with a surface’s relatively warmer lunar dust cating(液氮喷雾（通常在-320华氏度左右）与月球表面相对温暖的尘埃涂层接触)”和“turn int things like drps and flat away n the nitrgen vaprs(变成水滴一样的东西，漂浮在氮蒸气上)”可知，此处是指把月球表面的尘埃变成水滴一样的东西，漂浮在氮蒸气上，所以particles是指“月球尘埃”。故选B。
14．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后三句“Nt nly did the liquid nitrgen spray perfrm better in the latter circumstances, but als it nly resulted in minimal damage t the spacesuit material. In past lunar missins, astrnauts’ specialized brushes fr the mn dust task ften caused damage t spacesuits after a single use. In cmparisn, the liquid nitrgen spray tk 75 uses befre similar issues ccurred.(液氮喷雾不仅在后一种情况下表现更好，而且只对航天服材料造成最小的损坏。在过去的月球任务中，宇航员专门用于清除月球尘埃的刷子在一次使用后经常会损坏宇航服。相比之下，液氮喷雾在出现类似问题之前使用了75次。)”可知，研究小组发现液氮喷雾与刷子相比能更好地保护宇航服。故选D。
15．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Ging frward, the team hpes t further research the cmplexity that makes the cleaning prcess s effective, as well as secure funding t cnstruct testing rms mre clsely resembling the lunar surface’s gravity.(展望未来，该团队希望进一步研究使清洁过程如此有效的复杂性，并获得资金来建造更接近月球表面重力的试验室。)”可知，喷雾的后续研究可能集中在高效清洁的原因上。故选D。
16．答案：①-⑤GCFAE
解析：①根据后文“Here are expert-apprved tips n hw t get yur kids t attempt new things withut frightening them ff. (这里有一些专家认可的建议，教你如何让你的孩子尝试新事物而不吓跑他们。)”可知，此处是指尝试新的东西对很多孩子来说很难，所以选项G“对许多孩子来说，尝试新事物是困难的，无论是不同的食物还是不同的技能。”切合文意。故选G。
②根据前文“Start with what they knw. Take smething yur kids already like r are gd at, and push them t try it in a new envirnment r a slightly different way. (从他们知道的开始。拿一些你的孩子已经喜欢或擅长的东西，推动他们在一个新的环境中或以一种稍微不同的方式尝试。)”可知，此处是指想一想你的孩子已经喜欢或擅长什么，所以选项C“你的孩子喜欢什么？”切合文意。故选C。
③根据前文“Ask yur children what new things they want t try ut r have them write a list. Help them figure ut what it is that they are wrried abut when they avid new things. (问问你的孩子他们想尝试什么新事物，或者让他们写一个清单。帮助他们弄清楚，当他们回避新事物时，他们担心的是什么。)”和后文“It’s a way t help them feel in charge f their emtins and understand the cnnectin between thughts and actins. (这是一种帮助他们掌控自己情绪、理解思想和行为之间联系的方法。)”可知，此处是指明白自己的恐惧可以弱化恐惧，所以选项F“有时，识别和说出恐惧的行为可以帮助减少恐惧。”切合文意。故选F。
④根据后文“Yu shuld bth recgnize yur children’s fears and express certainty that they can handle the task. (你应该认识到孩子的恐惧，并确信他们能处理好这项任务。)”可知，此处是指要理解孩子的恐惧并鼓励他，所以选项A“共情并鼓励。”切合文意。故选A。
⑤根据前文“D yur children really need t try tfu r martial arts? If yur kids are functining verall, they are ding the basics and they have sme friends, then be encuraging. (你的孩子真的需要尝试豆腐或武术吗？如果你的孩子在做一些基本的事情，并且有一些朋友，那么你应该鼓励他们。)”和后文“Smetimes ding that stps yu frm fcusing n the things they are ding. (有时这样做会让你无法专注于他们正在做的事情。)”可知，此处是指过度强调他们还没做过的事情有时并不好，所以选项E“不要过分强调他们没有做的事情。”切合文意。故选E。
17．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，她一直是一个精力充沛的女人，活跃到大多数人都觉得不可思议的程度。A. gentle温柔的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. talented有才能的；D. decent得体的。根据下文“active t an extent mst peple fund astnishing”可知，在被诊断癌症之前，母亲是一个十分活跃的人，精力充沛。故选B项。
18．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在31岁时，她的生活发生了变化。A. changed改变；B. failed失败；C. imprved提高；D. paused暂停。根据上文“I was ten when my mther was diagnsed with cancer.”可知，在31岁那年，母亲被诊断为癌症，她的生活发生了变化。故选A项。
19．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信她能做任何事。A. imagined想象；B. admitted承认；C. dubted怀疑；D. believed相信。根据后文“She wn tennis turnaments. She tk phtgraphs and held her wn exhibitin.”可知，作者相信母亲能做任何事。故选D项。
20．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是报纸的专栏作家，还为家里做西班牙菜。A. applied应用，申请；B. spke说；C. wrte写；D. studied学习，研究。根据下文“as a newspaper clumnist”可知，母亲以前是作家，会写作。故选C项。
21．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，她以同样的热情面对自己的疾病。A. success成功；B. sincerity真诚；C. enthusiasm热情；D. wisdm智慧。根据上文“Nw, she faced her illness with the same”，前文作者描述母亲对于生活的热情和下文“Because my mther accepted her cnditin with such ptimism”母亲以如此乐观的态度接受了她的病情可知，此处表示用同样的热情面对自己的疾病。故选C项。
22．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像“残疾的”和“物理治疗”这样的词成为我们共同进入的一个陌生新世界的一部分。A. familiar熟悉的；B. strange陌生的；C. exciting令人激动的；D. changeable可改变的。根据下文“new wrld”可知，生病对于作者和母亲来说是全新的陌生世界的一部分。故选B项。
23．答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我开始帮助照顾她。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Particularly尤其；C. Alternatively要不，或者；D. Finally最终。根据下文“I began t help take care f her.”可知，作者逐渐开始帮助照顾母亲。故选A项。
24．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把她推到厨房，她教我如何削胡萝卜和土豆的皮，以及如何准备一顿像样的早餐，这成了我的例行公事。A. drag拖，拽；B. pull拉；C. guide指导；D. wheel推动。根据上文“Wrds like “disabled” and “physical therapy” became part f”可知，由于母亲残疾，作者不得不用轮椅推动她。故选D项。
25．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把她推到厨房，她教我如何削胡萝卜和土豆的皮，以及如何准备一顿像样的早餐，这成了我的例行公事。A. art艺术；B. significance意义；C. safety安全；D. plan计划。此处指母亲教作者削胡萝卜和土豆皮，即，削胡萝卜和土豆皮的艺术。故选A项。
26．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一项成就对我们俩来说都是里程碑：电动打字机，有动力转向和刹车的汽车，她重返大学，在那里她获得了特殊教育硕士学位。A. slutin解决方案；B. milestne里程碑；C. dream梦想；D. warning警告。根据下文“the electric typewriter, the car with pwer steering and brakes”和“she earned a master’s degree in special educatin”可知，每一项成就都是里程碑。故选B项。
27．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一项成就对我们俩来说都是里程碑：电动打字机，有动力转向和刹车的汽车，她重返大学，在那里她获得了特殊教育硕士学位。A. hspital医院；B. curt庭院；C. wrk工作；D. cllege大学。根据下文“where she earned a master’s degree in special educatin”可知，母亲还重返了大学学习。故选D项。
28．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，她事先没多说什么，就带我去参加残障人士会议。A. saying说；B. hiding躲藏；C. pretending假装；D. shwing展示。母亲没有说太多就带作者去参加残障人士会议。故选A项。
29．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有见过这么多残疾人。A. gifts礼物；B. disabilities残疾；C. weaknesses弱点；D. privileges特权。根据上文“Handicappers meeting”可知，在残障人士会议上，有很多残疾人。故选B项。
30．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我回到家，想着我们是多么幸运。A. strng强壮的；B. hpeless没有希望的；C. helpful乐于助人的；D. frtunate幸运的。根据整段的描述，这是母亲生病后的成就，且加入了对应的一些会议组织，这对于她们来说是幸运的。故选D项。
31．答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：相反，我把她期待我认为理所当然的事情的动力看作是我生命中一个伟大的奥秘和强大的灵感。A. tk int accunt仔细考虑；B. bre in mind记住；C. tk fr granted认为是理所当然；D. kept in check保持控制。作者原本认为理所当然获得的东西，在患病母亲的努力追求下有了新的意义，它们变成了生命中一个伟大的奥秘和强大的灵感。故选C项。
32．答案：as; f; existence; clser; bettering; first; fully; be lst; what; T achieve
解析：①考查非限制性定语从句。句意:正如作曲家方文山所描述的那样, 它的最初歌词的灵感来自汝瓷。此处是非限定性定语从句, 先行词是lines,关系词在定语从句中作宾语,表示"正如",应用关系代词as引导。故填as。
②考查介词。句意: 公元1100年左右, 大量的汝瓷涌入市场, 但现在的汝瓷实际上是罕见的。固定短语ceans f 表示"大量"。故填f。
③考查不可数名词。句意: 公元1100年左右,大量的汝瓷涌入市场, 但现在的汝瓷实际上是罕见的。此处作主语, 应用名词existence"存在", 不可数名词。故填existence。
④考查形容词的级。句意: 由于汝瓷传承人的努力, 人们现在可以比以前更近距离地欣赏汝瓷。根据than可知, 此处应用形容词比较级。故填 clser。
⑤考查动词不定式。句意: 李超 (音译) 出生于河南汝州, 花了十年的时间来磨炼技艺。此处表示目的"来提高",应用动词不定式。故填t better。
⑥考查序数词。句意: 汝瓷要经过72道工序,其中一道工序就是揉泥。定冠词后加序数词表示"第几次"。故填first。
⑦考查副词。句意:每一件艺术品都值得我们欣赏。此处修饰动词deserve, 应用副词fully"完全地", 作状语。故填fully。
⑧考查动词语态。句意:汝瓷的制作技术将随着高级传承人的逐渐逝去而失去。主语 techniques和谓语lse是被动关系, 应用被动语态, will be dne表示将来时的被动。故填be lst。
⑨考查主语从句。句意: 因此, 李不遗余力地把它介绍给更广泛的群众。谓语动词前是主语从句, 从句中缺少宾语, 应用what引导, 指代"做的事情"。故填what。
⑩考查动词不定式。句意: 为了实现这一目标, 他创造性地利用汝瓷制作了深受年轻人喜爱的日常用品。此处表示目的"为了实现",应用动词不定式,句首单词首字母大写。故填T achieve。
33．答案：My Favurite Sprt
Amng the varius sprts, I am especially fascinated by basketball. It is a team sprt played with tw teams,each cnsisting f five players. The primary bjective is t scre pints by shting the basketball thrugh the ppnent’s hp. The team that scres the mst pints wins the game.
The reasns why I am s passinate abut it are as fllws. Initially, the immense excitement it prvides is what I can’t resist. Secndly, as a physically demanding sprt, it helps me stay fit and energetic when I play it regularly. Last but nt least, playing it with my friends makes me realize the valuable life lessn abut cperatin with thers.
In shrt, basketball is s attractive a sprt that I call n yu t participate in it. It nt nly ffers us physical benefits but als teaches us the imprtance f perseverance. Yu will never knw what yu will gain until yu try!
解析：1.词汇积累
各种各样的：varius→a variety f/varieties f
首先：initially → t begin with/firstly
保持健康：stay fit→keep fit/keep healthy
由……组成：cnsist f→ be made up f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It is a team sprt played with tw teams, each cnsisting f five players.
拓展句：It is a team sprt which is played with tw teams, each cnsisting f five players.
【高分句型1】The team that scres the mst pints wins the game.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Initially, the immense excitement it prvides is what I can’t resist.（运用了省略关系代词which/that的限制性定语从句以及what引导的表语从句）
34．答案： The glves gave me an idea. I quietly put them in Grandma’s lap, waiting fr her t wake up. It seemed that Grandma sensed what was happening and she pened her eyes. “Yur family.” I said, sftly tuching her hands and handing the glves t her. “Oh, Jessica. I almst frget them. Help me put them n.” Grandma’s eyes shne with excitement. The glves had a magical effect n her and brught back all her childhd memries. The whle huse was full f ur laughter. “Grandma’s happy vice has cme back, and hw abut ur knitting?” I wanted t have a try.
“Grandma, shall we knit a new pair f glves?” I asked hpefully. There was a lnging lk n Grandma’s face. She paused fr a secnd and then smiled, “Why nt? My fingers can’t d what I tell them but yurs can.” Happily picking up her knitting needles and a ball f yarn, I began t knit carefully, nt nly knitting a new pair f glves, but als knitting a happy family. Seeing Grandma slwly mving her fingers back and frth inside the ld glves as she taught me, I had n idea whether her hands wuld recver, but I did believe ur happy mments wuld be always there.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“手套给了我一个主意。”可知，第一段可描写奶奶带上了自己家人的手套，勾起了她所有的童年记忆。
②由第二段首句内容“‘奶奶，我们织一副新手套好吗？’我满怀希望地问”可知，第二段可描写作者代替奶奶编织手套，两人度过愉快时光。
2.续写线索：想到主意——戴上手套——提议编织手套——代替奶奶编织——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①充满：be full f /be filled with
②停下：pause/stp
③影响：have…effect n /influence
情绪类
①渴望的：lnging/eager
②快乐的：happy/jyful
[高分句型1] My fingers can’t d what I tell them but yurs can. (运用了what引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Seeing Grandma slwly mving her fingers back and frth inside the ld glves as she taught me, I had n idea whether her hands wuld recver, but I did believe ur happy mments wuld be always there. (运用了现在分词作状语)