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2024年高考第二次模拟考试：英语（新高考I卷 02）（解析版）
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这是一份2024年高考第二次模拟考试：英语（新高考I卷 02）（解析版），共20页。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Wh is the man prbably talking t?
A．A shp assistant.B．His wife.C．His cwrker.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Yur gld necklace is s nice．I want t buy ne fr my wife.
W: Thanks．I think it can hld its value well．I bught it ...
M: Shush! Mr Lngman is cming twards us with the meeting papers.
2．What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A．The wman’s pht.B．A scenic spt.C．A TV drama.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: The waterfall in this pht lks familiar.
M: It has appeared in many TV dramas, and as a result, lts f turists visit it every day.
W: It explains the matter.
3．What des the man mean?
A．Ecmmerce is a dubleedged swrd.
B．Lcal specialties shuld be exprted.
C．Cmmercials are f n use.
【答案】A
【解析】
原文】W: Thanks t ecmmerce platfrms and vide blggers, the lcal specialities in my hmetwn can be traded all ver China, which is entirely unexpected.
M: T sme extent it is true, but many vides are t cmmercial．False nline advertisements are emerging in an endless stream.
4．What will the man d next?
A．Clse a windw.B．Catch a muse.C．Leave the rm.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I just fund a muse when I was cleaning my rm．Please help me get it ut f here.
M: All right．Well, I lked arund, but I didn’t find it．Maybe it has escaped thrugh the windw．Anyway, I have t g t the gym nw.
5．When des the cnversatin take place?
A．On Friday.B．On Saturday.C．On Sunday.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Are there any wrkers in the burning factry?
W: It is suppsed t be empty, because they nly wrk n weekdays.
M: But the factry is s badly damaged that they wn’t be able t wrk tmrrw.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Which year f cllege are the speakers in?
A．The first year.B．The secnd year.C．The third year.
7．What did the wman d in public?
A．She had a dance.B．She did jumping jacks.C．She perfrmed a sng.
【答案】6．B7．C
【解析】
【原文】M: The freshmen will start their military training this mnth.
W: Yeah．It was extremely ht during ur military training at this time last year.
M: It remains fresh in my memry．I gt made t d 80 jumping jacks fr being late.
W: Haha, it was s funny．I sang a sng in frnt f thers during a break in ur military training．I remember sme students als perfrmed varius dances．It’s still nice t think abut it.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What des the man expect t d n the 3rd?
A．Sign a cntract.B．G n a tur.C．Return t New Yrk.
9．What des the man finally decide t d?
A．Cancel the reservatin.B．Cntact anther airline.C．Advance the departure date.
【答案】8．A9．C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hell．What can I d fr yu?
M: I’d like a flight frm New Yrk t Bstn, leaving n the 3rd.
W: Srry．The flights n the 3rd are fully bked.
M: I am ut f luck．The same is true f anther airline.
W: What abut the 4th?
M: Unfrtunately, that wn’t wrk fr me．I’m nt ging n a tur．I’m meeting an imprtant business partner．Being punctual is crucial fr my chances f securing the cntract.
W: I’m srry, sir.
M: Well, please tell me what flights are available n the 2nd.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Wh might the wman be?
A．A hstess.B．A directr.C．An actress.
11．What des the wman think f the awardwinning film?
A．It is her persnal favrite.B．It is wrthy f the award.C．It is terribly disappinting.
12．What is the man ging t d next?
A．Call a meeting.B．Watch a vide.C．Have a jb interview.
【答案】10．A11．B12．B
【解析】
【原文】M: I heard yu tk charge f the red carpet interview fr the film festival yesterday.
W: Yes! I’m s prud．I had the pprtunity f interviewing many mvie stars, including my favrite actress Anna．She succeeded in earning the Best Actress Award．While the awardwinning film isn’t my persnal favrite, I d believe it deserves the award.
M: Oh, that’s great t hear! Unfrtunately, I missed yur interview part because f an emergency meeting．Wuld yu mind if we watch it nw?
W: Nt at all．Yu knw I always strive t d my best, s I’m sure it wn’t let yu dwn．Plus, yur favrite mvie actr Clin is in the interview.
M: What are we waiting fr? Let’s get started.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What is the man?
A．A fresh graduate.B．A sftware engineer.C．A cmputer repairman.
14．What des the example f the man’s grup prject prve?
A．He has great leadership skills.B．He is a gd team player.C．He pays attentin t detail.
15．Hw des the wman describe the man?
A．Mtivated.B．Creative.C．Industrius.
16．What will the wman mst prbably talk abut next?
A．The emplyment situatin.B．The internal prmtin.C．The cmpany culture.
【答案】13．A14．B15．A16．B
【解析】
【原文】W: Culd yu please intrduce yurself?
M: Yes．My name is Peter Barnes．I recently graduated with a degree in Cmputer Science frm Carnegie Melln University．During my studies, I develped a strng passin fr sftware develpment and wrked n varius prjects, including an internship at ABC Tech, where I gained sme experience in prgramming.
W: That sunds impressive．We value teamwrk here．Can yu prvide an example f a time when yu wrked effectively in a team?
M: Abslutely．During my senir year, I participated in a grup prject．I tk n the task f making slides．I actively listened t everyne else’s ideas and maintained a psitive atmsphere．We delivered the prject n time and wn first place.
W: Excellent．Attentin t detail is als crucial in ur industry．Hw d yu ensure the accuracy f yur wrk?
M: Befre starting a task, I carefully analyze the requirements, break it dwn int smaller subtasks, and create a detailed plan．Additinally, I always ask fr and welcme feedback frm thers t cntinuusly minimize errrs.
W: Gd．I appreciate emplyees wh take the initiative in their wrk．Finally, d yu have any questins fr us?
M: Yes．I’d like t inquire abut the prfessinal develpment pprtunities within the cmpany.
W: Sure...
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Hw much did disabled travelers spend in the US in 2018?
A．Abut $45.8 billin.B．Abut $58.7 billin.C．Abut $81 billin.
18．What is the best thing abut Singapre in Nilesh Jshi’s pinin?
A．It enables the disabled t live with dignity.
B．It ffers the disabled accessible public transprt.
C．Its turist attractins are free fr the disabled.
19．What d we knw abut Jhn Mrris?
A．He spke highly f the htel rms in Las Vegas.
B．He buys magazines 3 r 4 times a week.
C．He nce lived in Sydney.
20．Where is Julie Jnes emplyed?
A．At a htel.B．In a travel agency.C．In a publishing cmpany.
【答案】17．B18．A19．A20．C
【解析】
【原文】What d disabled travelers lk fr when chsing a city t visit?
In 2018, the value f the scalled “purple pund” (the spending pwer f disabled peple) t UK turism was estimated at ￡15.3 billin, while 27 millin travelers with disabilities in the US tk 81 millin trips and spent abut $58.7 billin (￡45.8 billin) in that same year.
There was a survey abut a city’s appeal t disabled travelers．Nw, let’s find ut what the respndents think f the tp 3 cities—Singapre, Las Vegas and Sydney.
Accrding t Nilesh Jshi, wh has mbility challenges but desn’t use a wheelchair, “Singapre allws me t independently mve arund using public transprt.”
Overwhelmingly, hwever, the mst imprtant factr fr survey respndents was nt physical accessibility but being treated with understanding and respect．Jshi said, “Always smiling, welcming and helpful, the peple f Singapre make a big difference fr the disabled t feel accepted and lked after.” Besides, ne f Singapre’s majr turist attractins, Gardens by the Bay, is fully wheelchair accessible.
Accrding t prminent wheelchair blgger Jhn Mrris, wh visits Las Vegas 3 r 4 times a year, “The city has ne f the highest cncentratins f accessible htel rms in the wrld.”
Julie Jnes, publisher f Travel Withut Limits, the wrld’s nly print magazine dedicated t accessible travel, praises Sydney’s accessibility．She said, “The majrity f the public transprt system is accessible t wheelchair users.”
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Wrld Fd Day Pster Cntest
If yu’re aged between 5 and 19 and wherever yu live, the Fd and Agriculture Organizatin (FAO) f the United Natins wants t hear frm yu! Use yur imaginatin and create a pster shwing a wrld where n ne is left behind and everyne has access t healthy and affrdable fd.
Rules:
●The registratin perid will end at 12:00 n Friday, Nvember 3.
●The cntest is divided int the fllwing categries: frm 5 t 8 years ld, frm 9 t 12years ld, frm 13 t 15 years ld and frm 16 t 19 years ld.
●Participants wh submit mre than ne pster will be disqualified.
●All artwrks must be riginal．And psters have t be drawn r painted with pens r clred pencils r be designed digitally.
●Psters may r may nt include the text．If the text is used, n mre than 25 wrds will be accepted．Dn’t include names, schl names, age, cntact infrmatin r phtgraphic pictures f the cmpetitrs, etc.
●Psters can nly be sent using the registratin frm prvided fr this purpse．All fields f the entry frm must be cmpleted and nce the pster design has been upladed, the SUBMIT buttn must be clicked.
●Only digital files in JPEG frmat will be accepted.
Prize:
●The selectin cmmittee will chse 15 psters in each categry fr the shrtlist (决选名单) and infrm them in December．Shrtlisted candidates will receive a certificate fr this achievement.
●A jury (评委会) will chse three winning psters frm each categry, and these winning psters will be annunced n the Wrld Fd Day website.
●Winners will be prmted n FAO scial media and will als receive a certificate f recgnitin and a surprise gift bag.
21．What is a requirement fr the participants?
A．They must present nly ne pster.
B．They must design their psters digitally.
C．They must uplad their psters n Nv.3.
D．They must prvide their persnal infrmatin.
22．Hw many psters will be chsen fr the shrtlist in all?
A．15.B．30.C．45.D．60.
23．What will happen t the winners?
A．They will becme members f FAO.
B．They will be intrduced n FAO media.
C．They will receive a lt f mney.
D．They will get many bags full f psters.
【答案】21．A 22．D 23．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界粮食日海报大赛的参赛规则。
21．细节理解题。根据文章Rules部分中“Participants wh submit mre than ne pster will be disqualified.(提交多于一张海报的参赛者将被取消参赛资格。)”可知，对参赛者的要求是他们只能提交一张海报。故选A项。
22．细节理解题。根据文章Rules部分中第二点“The cntest is divided int the fllwing categries: frm 5 t 8 years ld, frm 9 t 12years ld, frm 13 t 15 years ld and frm 16 t 19 years ld.(比赛分为5 - 8岁、9 - 12岁、13 - 15岁和16 - 19岁。)”可知，比赛分四个类别；再根据Prize部分中“The selectin cmmittee will chse 15 psters in each categry fr the shrtlist(决选名单) and infrm them in December.(评选委员会将在每个类别中选出15张海报进入决选名单，并于12月通知他们。)”可知，每个类别中选出15张海报进入决选名单，共四个类别，所以共60张海报会进入决选名单。故选D项。
23．细节理解题。根据文章Prize部分中最后一点“Winners will be prmted n FAO scial media and will als receive a certificate f recgnitin and a surprise gift bag.(获奖者将在粮农组织社交媒体上进行宣传，并将获得认可证书和惊喜礼品袋。)”可知，获奖者将在粮农组织媒体上被宣传。故选B项。
B
Winning a remarkable science award is really a big deal, especially if yu are 12 years ld．But Shanya Gill, a middle schler frm San Jse, Califrnia, wn the tp award in the Therm Fisher Scientific Junir Innvatrs Challenge fr designing a fire detectin system that is superir t existing nes, as stated in the press release.
“The tp winners have exhibited bundless curisity,” Maya Ajmera president and CEO f Sciety fr Science, said in the press release．“Their remarkable research nt nly reflects their talent but als paves the way fr an exciting new future.”
Shanya’s inspiratin came after a fire destryed a restaurant in her neighbrhd during the summer f 2022, reprted The Washingtn Pst．“I had never really experienced smething like that befre,” she tld The Washingtn Pst abut the early mrning fire at Hlder’s Cuntry Inn, which started in the kitchen．“They had smke detectrs．and yet it still burned dwn,” she added.
After she studied fire statistics, Shaya spent ver a year develping a fire detectin system that she believes culd have prevented the fire．Unlike traditinal smke detectrs that sense active fires frm the smke in the air, Shanya’s thermal (热的) imaging device is designed t stp fires frm ccurring.
With a thermal camera and a Raspberry Pi, a tiny cmputer the device detects when a heat surce has been left unattended fr ten minutes and sends a text message warning．Creating the prttype(原型) was difficult and the hardest part was the prgramming, “I had tw designs, and my first design cmpletely failed．It was a really big challenge I had t g thrugh.” she said．The final device utperfrms smke detectrs in speed and accuracy．Shanya wants t bring the csts dwn t make it even mre cmmn than hardwired smke detectrs．
“Shanya saw a prblem, went after it and tried t slve it, and that’s what we need t encurage with all yung peple,” said Ajmera．She als highlighted the significance f supprting individuals, especially girls and kids f clr, in STEM fields, as research indicates that many yung peple drp ut f these areas.
24．What can we learn abut Shanya frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．She gained a lt f mney in the award.
B．She shwed a curius nature as a schler.
C．She set a big stage fr yung peple her age.
D．She was junir t ther winners in perfrmance.
25．What mtivated Shanya t develp her fire detectin system?
A．Her desire t win the science award.
B．Her experience f a destructive fire.
C．Her interest in cmputer prgramming.
D．Her gal t imprve STEM educatin fr girls.
26．What is an advantage f Shanya’s inventin?
A．It cnsists f tw parts that are easier t cnduct.
B．It can send ut a warning against a ptential fire.
C．It can detect active fires frm the smke in the air.
D．It functins when a fire breaks ut within 10 minutes.
27．Which f the fllwing can best describe Shanya?
A．Reliable.B．Cperative.C．Innvative.D．Generus.
【答案】24．B 25．B 26．B 27．C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了来自加州圣何塞的中学生Shanya Gill在赛默飞世尔科学少年创新者挑战赛中获得了最高奖项，因为她设计了一种优于现有系统的火灾探测系统。文章介绍了这种系统开发背后的灵感来源以及优点。
24.细节理解题。根据第二段“The tp winners have exhibited bundless curisity(顶级获奖者表现出了无限的好奇心)”可知，Shanya表现出学者好奇的天性。故选B。
25.细节理解题。根据第三段“Shanya’s inspiratin came after a fire destryed a restaurant in her neighbrhd during the summer f 2022, reprted The Washingtn Pst.(据《华盛顿邮报》报道，Shanya的灵感来自于2022年夏天一场大火烧毁了她家附近的一家餐馆)”可知，经历了一场毁灭性的火灾促使Shanya开发她的火灾探测系统。故选B。
26.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“With a thermal camera and a Raspberry Pi, a tiny cmputer the device detects when a heat surce has been left unattended fr ten minutes and sends a text message warning.(该设备配有热像仪和Raspberry Pi，配有一台微型计算机，当热源无人看管超过10分钟时，它就会检测到，并发出短信警告)”可知，Shanya的发明优点在于可以发出潜在火灾的警告。故选B。
27.推理判断题。根据第一段“But Shanya Gill, a middle schler frm San Jse, Califrnia, wn the tp award in the Therm Fisher Scientific Junir Innvatrs Challenge fr designing a fire detectin system that is superir t existing nes, as stated in the press release.(但是，来自加州圣何塞的中学生Shanya Gill在赛默飞世尔科学少年创新者挑战赛中获得了最高奖项，因为她设计了一种优于现有系统的火灾探测系统)”可推知，Shanya发明了一种优于现有系统的火灾探测系统，说明她很有创新精神。故选C。
C
In the animal wrld, speed is king．Fast animals have a leg up in utrunning ther animals, which puts them high n the fd chain．It wuld seem that all animals wuld g fr speed, but then there’s the slth (树懒)．While a lin can g frm 0 t 60 miles an hur in nly five secnds, it takes a slth all day t cver n mre than 50 meters．
Slths live entirely in trees n a diet f leaves．And fr this, they are extremely rare．While mst f the land wrld is cvered in trees, there are very few vertebrates (脊椎动物) that call the tree hme．The aim f a 2016 study, says Jnathan Pauli, a University f Alabama prfessr f frest and wildlife eclgy, was t help uncver why slths are indeed s unique．“Amng vertebrates, this is the rarest f lifestyles”, says Pauli．“When yu picture animals that live ff plant leaves, they are almst all big-things like deer．What’s super interesting abut slths is that they can’t be big.”
Fr their research, Pauli and his Wiscnsin team studied wild slths at a field site．When the researchers measured the energy use f slths, they fund a wildly lw burning f as little as 110 calries f energy a day．And fr this, they take the cake: it is the lwest measured energetic utput fr any mammal (哺乳动物)．
“The measurement was intended t find ut what it cst slths t live ver a day,”says Pauli, wh adds that a diet f little but leaves lacks nutritinal value and the animal’s small size desn’t allw fr vereating-s slths need t find ways t make the mst f their diets, which means using tiny amunts f energy, dramatic cntrl f bdy temperature and living at an extremely slw pace．
Their reward? A wnderfully widespread eclgical system t call their wn, ne slw inch at a time.
28．Why is a lin mentined in Paragraph 1?
A．T admire lins’ speed.B．T state slths’ weakness.
C．T cnfirm lins’ lead psitin.D．T highlight slths’ uniqueness.
29．What is the 2016 study mainly abut?
A．The lifestyle f slths.B．The diet f vertebrates.
C．The species f rare animals.D．The energy use f creatures.
30．What des the underlined part “take the cake” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A．Break dwn.B．Keep n.C．Stand ut.D．Grw up.
31．What can be inferred abut slths frm Pauli’s wrds?
A．Their slw pace is a balanced chice.
B．They are in face f pssible extinctin.
C．Their slw pace decides a tiny appetite.
D．They suffer a lt against natural enemies.
【答案】28．D 29．A 30．C 31．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了树懒的独特生活方式和适应策略。虽然速度在动物界很重要，但树懒却以它们的缓慢生活而闻名。树懒生活在树上，以树叶为食，它们的能量消耗非常低。树懒采取了低能量消耗、控制体温和缓慢生活的方式来适应以树叶为食的生活。虽然树懒消耗的能量很少，但它们拥有自己独特的生态系统。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Fast animals have a leg up in utrunning ther animals, which puts them high n the fd chain．It wuld seem that all animals wuld g fr speed, but then there’s the slth (树懒)．While a lin can g frm 0 t 60 miles an hur in nly five secnds, it takes a slth all day t cver n mre than 50 meters.(速度快的动物比其他动物跑得快，这使它们处于食物链的高位。似乎所有的动物都追求速度，但树懒除外。狮子可以在5秒内从0英里跑到60英里每小时，而树懒需要一整天才能走超过50米。)”可知，似乎所有的动物都追求速度，但树懒除外，由此文章指出狮子可以在5秒内从0英里跑到60英里每小时，而树懒需要一整天才能走超过50米，此处提到了狮子的速度，与接下来讲述树懒的缓慢相对比，从而强调树懒的独特之处。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The aim f a 2016 study, says Jnathan Pauli, a University f Alabama prfessr f frest and wildlife eclgy, was t help uncver why slths are indeed s unique．(阿拉巴马大学森林和野生动物生态学教授Jnathan Pauli表示，2016年一项研究的目的是帮助揭示树懒确实如此独特的原因。)”以及““Amng vertebrates, this is the rarest f lifestyles”, says Pauli．(“在脊椎动物中，这是最罕见的生活方式，” Pauli说。)”可知，2016年一项研究的目的是为了揭示树懒生活方式为什么如此独特。故选A。
30．词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Wiscnsin team studied wild slths at a field site．When the researchers measured the energy use f slths, they fund a wildly lw burning f as little as 110 calries f energy a day．(威斯康辛州的一个研究小组在野外研究了野生树懒。当研究人员测量树懒的能量消耗时，他们发现树懒每天燃烧的能量非常低，只有110卡路里。)”以及划线词后面的内容“it is the lwest measured energetic utput fr any mammal(这是所有哺乳动物中测量到的能量输出最低的。)”可知，就树懒的能量消耗，其每天燃烧的能量非常低，只有110卡路里，这是所有哺乳动物中测量到的能量输出最低的，因为这一特点使得树懒脱颖而出（与众不同）。故划线词与C选项“Stand ut.(脱颖而出)”为同义词短语。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““The measurement was intended t find ut what it cst slths t live ver a day,”says Pauli, wh adds that a diet f little but leaves lacks nutritinal value and the animal’s small size desn’t allw fr vereating-s slths need t find ways t make the mst f their diets, which means using tiny amunts f energy, dramatic cntrl f bdy temperature and living at an extremely slw pace.( “这次测量的目的是找出树懒在一天中生活所需的成本，”Pauli说道，他补充说，只吃树叶的饮食缺乏营养价值，而树懒的体型小，不允许过度进食，所以树懒需要找到方法来最大限度地利用自己的饮食，这意味着使用极少的能量、极大地控制体温和以非常缓慢的步调生活。)”可知，因为树懒的体型小，不允许过度进食，所以树懒需要找到方法来最大限度地利用自己的饮食，这意味着使用极少的能量、极大地控制体温和以非常缓慢的步调生活，即树懒缓慢的步调是为了适应以树叶为食的生活，并让它们能够最大限度地利用自己的食物，由此推断它们缓慢的节奏是一个平衡的选择。故选A。
D
In 2022, campaign grup Fashin Revlutin Chelsea dye a garden fr its Chelsea Flwer Shw presentatin．An ancient craft, natural dyeing is a practice whse time has cme again, with hand tie-dyed fashin als making a cmeback in recent years.
The revival has been encuraged by Cvid lckdwns, “which allwed peple t explre the craft at hme, says natural-dyeing enthusiast and teacher Susan Dye．It’s unlikely, thugh, that the practice wuld have caught n in quite the same way if nt fr a cntinually grwing discmfrt abut fashin’s heavy ftprint．Frm carbn emissins t animal cruelty, fashin is under cnsiderable inspectin．“Put it this way, 97% f dyes used in the industry are petrchemically (石油化学产品) based,” says sustainable fashin cnsultant Jackie Andrews, wh helped advise the UN Ethical Fashin Initiative．We’ve gt net zer targets which mean we’re ging t have t remve all thse petrchemicals frm the manufacturing cycle.
Fashin is a huge plluter．Accrding t the UN Envirnment Prgram, the industry is respnsible fr up t ne-fifth f all industrial water pllutin—due t the fact that mst clthes tday are prduced in prer cuntries where regulatin is weak and enfrcement weaker．Waste water is dumped directly int rivers and streams, pisning the land as well as the water surces f peple and animals wh rely n them.
It’s easy t see why smene wh cares abut peple, planet and animals, as well as clthes, might turn t natural plant dyeing．Frm the beauty f the raw materials—ften wild plants-t the prperty f nly bnding with natural fiber like cttn and linen (亚麻布) frm the minr ftprint f recycling ld clthing that has grayed r faded ver time t the vibrant and lng-lasting dyeing results, plant dyeing feels like a quiet act f rebellin．This is why, while beginners start with simply changing their clthes’ clr, new wrlds pen．Many f tday’s natural dyers grw their wn dye plants, run lcal cmmunity wrkshps, and advcate fr change in industrialized fashin systems and beynd.
32．What is the main reasn fr the grwing discmfrt mentined in paragraph 2?
A．The adptin f petrchemical-based dyes
B．The disturbing cnsequences f the fashin industry.
C．The fashin industry’s fcus n luxurius designs.
D．The challenging net zer targets t be achieved.
33．Hw des the authr illustrate Fashin is a huge plluter?
A．By making a cmparisn.
B．By listing numbers
C．By giving examples.
D．By intrducing a new tpic
34．What des the underlined phrase a quiet act f rebellin in paragraph 4 refer t?
A．A prtest against turning t natural fiber.
B．An bjectin t recycling ld clthing
C．A resistance t vibrant clrs in natural dyeing
D．A struggle fr a sustainable fashin industry
35．What wuld be the mst suitable title fr the passage?
A．The Envirnmental Impact f Natural Dyeing
B．The Return f Natural Dyeing with Ethical Appeal
C．Fashin Revlutin’s Dye Garden Presentatin
D．The Petrchemical Dye Industry and Its Challenges
【答案】32．B 33．C 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了天然染色工艺的回归。
32．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It’s unlikely, thugh, that the practice wuld have caught n in quite the same way if nt fr a cntinually grwing discmfrt abut fashin’s heavy ftprint．Frm carbn emissins t animal cruelty, fashin is under cnsiderable inspectin．(然而，如果不是因为人们对时尚的沉重足迹不断感到不安，这种做法不太可能以同样的方式流行起来。从碳排放到虐待动物，时尚都受到了严格的检查。)”可知，时尚业也存在碳排放到虐待动物问题，所以人们感到不适是因为时尚产业令人不安的后果。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Fashin is a huge plluter．Accrding t the UN Envirnment Prgram, the industry is respnsible fr up t ne-fifth f all industrial water pllutin—due t the fact that mst clthes tday are prduced in prer cuntries where regulatin is weak and enfrcement weaker．Waste water is dumped directly int rivers and streams, pisning the land as well as the water surces f peple and animals wh rely n them．(时尚是一个巨大的污染者。根据联合国环境规划署的数据，服装业造成的水污染占所有工业水污染的五分之一，原因是如今大多数服装都是在监管薄弱、执法不力的较贫穷国家生产的。废水被直接排入河流和小溪，污染了土地，也污染了赖以生存的人和动物的水源。)”可知，这一段用实际例子来说明时尚是一个巨大的污染源。故选C。
34．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“It’s easy t see why smene wh cares abut peple, planet and animals, as well as clthes, might turn t natural plant dyeing．Frm the beauty f the raw materials—ften wild plants-t the prperty f nly bnding with natural fiber like cttn and linen (亚麻布) frm the minr ftprint f recycling ld clthing that has grayed r faded ver time t the vibrant and lng-lasting dyeing results, plant dyeing feels like a quiet act f rebellin．(很容易理解为什么一个关心人类、地球和动物以及衣服的人会转向天然植物染色。从原材料的美丽，到只与天然纤维结合的特性，从回收旧衣服随着时间的推移变灰或褪色的微小足迹，到充满活力和持久的染色效果，植物染色感觉像是一种安静的反叛行为。)”可知，这里描述植物染色和化学染色不一样，所以它是对化学染色的反抗，是对可持续发展的维护，所以画线部分的意思应该是“为可持续发展而做斗争”。故选D。
35．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In 2022, campaign grup Fashin Revlutin Chelsea dye a garden fr its Chelsea Flwer Shw presentatin．An ancient craft, natural dyeing is a practice whse time has cme again, with hand tie-dyed fashin als making a cmeback in recent years．(2022年，活动组织“切尔西时尚革命”为其切尔西花展的展示染了一座花园。自然染色是一种古老的工艺，它的时代又来了，近年来，手工扎染时尚也卷土重来。)”可知，本文主要介绍天然染色工艺的回归。B项“自然染色的回归与伦理诉求”符合本文的标题。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw We Talk abut Fear Matters
Lately, there seems t be plenty t fear in the wrld．Hw we talk abut what we fear might ffer clues t hw we perceive that emtin scially and culturally.
Get the rt f fear.
36 ．In Angl Saxn times, “fear” primarily referred t sudden danger．The rt f the wrd dates back t “pēr” frm Ind-Eurpean abut 6,000 years ag．This rt suggests that fear develped frm a sudden (frightening) experience yu passed thrugh.
Figure ut the emtinal meaning f fear.
Whether emtins are viewed psitively r negatively varies frm culture t culture． 37 ．Fr instance, in English, the wrd “anxius” can be used t mean “wrried” r “eager”．But the wrd meaning “anxius” just means “regret” in Dargwa．Therefre, many English speakers may nt view anxiety as negatively as Dargwa speakers.
Find ut a fearful pattern.
In lking at such patterns acrss the majr language families, researchers fund that the wrd “fear” was ften assciated with anxiety, envy and grief in Ind-Eurpean languages．But in Austrnesian languages, “fear” mre ften was assciated with surprise． 38 .
39
Hw we talk abut fear changes hw we react t it．When we talk abut what frightens us, it may be useful t disrupt assciated meanings．In additin, hw ur language categrizes an emtin seems t impact whether we perceive thse emtins negatively r psitively.
In cnclusin, fear is smething that can be changed by cultural and linguistic experience． 40 ．Perhaps Rsevelt was right when he in famusly said “The nly thing we have t fear is fear itself.”
A．Talk mre abut fears
B．Change ur perceptin f fear
C．The wrd fear has a lng histry in English
D．There seemed a fearful pattern acrss the majr language families
E．This is based n what peple have learned t assciate with emtin wrds
F．It pens the dr t ptential ways t change hw we talk abut and react t it
G．This makes speakers f the latter languages assciate this emtin with a less negative sense
【答案】36．C 37．E 38．G 39．B 40．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们应该如何去谈论恐惧。
36．下文“In Angl Saxn times, “fear” primarily referred t sudden danger．The rt f the wrd dates back t “pēr” frm Ind-Eurpean abut 6,000 years ag.(在盎格鲁-撒克逊时代，“恐惧”主要指突然发生的危险。这个词的词根可以追溯到大约6000年前印欧语的“pēr”)”介绍了“恐惧”一词可追溯到约6000年前，是对C项“The wrd fear has a lng histry in English(“恐惧”这个词在英语中有很长的历史)”内容的具体说明，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
37．上文“Whether emtins are viewed psitively r negatively varies frm culture t culture.(对情绪的看法是积极的还是消极的，因文化而异)”指出恐惧的情绪含义因文化而异，下文“Fr instance, in English, the wrd “anxius” can be used t mean “wrried” r “eager”．But the wrd meaning “anxius” just means “regret” in Dargwa．Therefre, many English speakers may nt view anxiety as negatively as Dargwa speakers.(例如，在英语中，单词“anxius”可以用来表示“担心的”或“急切的”。但是“anxius”这个词在达格瓦语中只是“后悔”的意思。因此，许多说英语的人可能不会像说达瓜语的人那样消极地看待“anxiety”)”用举例的方法说明了一个词汇的情绪含义是积极或消极因文化而异，与人们所习得的情绪相关，是对上文和E项“This is based n what peple have learned t assciate with emtin wrds(这是基于人们已经学到的与情感词汇相关的情绪)”内容的举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
38．上文“In lking at such patterns acrss the majr language families, researchers fund that the wrd “fear” was ften assciated with anxiety, envy and grief in Ind-Eurpean languages．But in Austrnesian languages, “fear” mre ften was assciated with surprise.(在研究主要语系的这种模式时，研究人员发现，在印欧语系中，“恐惧”这个词经常与焦虑、嫉妒和悲伤联系在一起。但在南岛语中，“恐惧”更多的是与惊讶联系在一起)”指出，在印欧语系中“恐惧”这个词经常与焦虑、嫉妒和悲伤联系在一起，而在南岛语中，“恐惧”更多的是与惊讶联系在一起，由此可知，对使用南岛语的人来说，“恐惧”一词不会带来太多的消极情绪。G项“This makes speakers f the latter languages assciate this emtin with a less negative sense(这使得说后一种语言的人不太会将“恐惧”与消极的感觉联系在一起)”承接上文，表达了同样的意思，句中“the latter”照应上文“in Austrnesian languages”。故选G项。
39．设空句是段首主题句，根据下文“Hw we talk abut fear changes hw we react t it．When we talk abut what frightens us, it may be useful t disrupt assciated meanings．In additin, hw ur language categrizes an emtin seems t impact whether we perceive thse emtins negatively r psitively.(我们谈论恐惧的方式会改变我们对恐惧的反应。当我们谈论让我们害怕的事情时，打破相关的含义可能是有用的。此外，我们的语言如何对情绪进行分类似乎会影响我们对这些情绪的看法是消极的还是积极的)”可知，本段说明我们对恐惧认知会影响我们对恐惧的反应，建议打破其相关含义，改变对恐惧的看法，故“Change ur perceptin f fear(改变我们对恐惧的看法)”是本段内容最佳概括。故选B项。
40．上文“In cnclusin, fear is smething that can be changed by cultural and linguistic experience.(总之，恐惧是可以被文化和语言经验改变的)”总结全文，得出结论：恐惧是可以被文化和语言经验改变的，F项“It pens the dr t ptential ways t change hw we talk abut and react t it (它打开了一扇门，让我们有可能改变我们谈论和应对它的方式)”承接上文，说明这一认知的作用：让我们可能改变我们谈论和应对恐惧的方式，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The rural girl frm India, Anjali, was brn blind．Hwever, she has always been determined t live a full and 41 life
Althugh pr, her parents 42 t send her t a lcal blind schl, where she culd learn t read and write in Braille At first, Anjali was scared and 43 ．She didn't knw anyne, and she felt like she didn’t belng here 44 , she met her teacher, Mrs Gupta, a kind and patient wman, wh ften encuraged Anjali t 45 her dreams．With Mrs Gupta’s help, she quickly 46 in her studies and made many new friends．Additinally, she participated in extracurricular activities, such as drama and music.
One day, Anjali was 47 t auditin fr a rle in a schl play．She was nervus, but she practiced her 48 fr hurs a day, and she finally felt ready t auditin． At the auditin, Anjali gave a pwerful 49 ．She delivered her lines with cnfidence and emtin s she 50 the attentin f the entire audience．Finally, she was 51 the lead rle in the play.
The play was a success, and Anjali became a star．After the play, Anjali was invited t speak at a lcal cnference n 52 ．She spke abut her experiences as a blind girl and inspired thers t never give up n their dreams．She finally fund her 53 , and she was ready t share it with the wrld.
Anjali is nw an actress and a 54 speaker．She travels the wrld, sharing her stry with thers．She is a shining example f the pwer f 55 and perseverance.
41．A．luxuryB．independentC．simpleD．cnventinal
42．A．declinedB．hesitatedC．managedD．attempted
43．A．lnelyB．friendlyC．livelyD．ugly
44．A．HpefullyB．ObviuslyC．CurrentlyD．Thankfully
45．A．turn tB．lk tC．take tD．stick t
46．A．std utB．set utC．held utD．came ut
47．A．spttedB．selectedC．assessedD．emplyed
48．A．sngsB．gesturesC．linesD．lks
49．A．perfrmanceB．cnclusinC．fulfillmentD．passin
50．A．distractedB．capturedC．rejectedD．bsted
51．A．servedB．creditedC．awardedD．assumed
52．A．cmpetitinB．disabilityC．qualificatinD．respnsibility
53．A．attitudeB．lifestyleC．viceD．assciatin
54．A．mtivatinalB．humrusC．genuineD．sincere
55．A．ambitinB．creativityC．hnestyD．determinatin
41．B 42．C 43．A 44．D 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．C 49．A 50．B 51．C 52．B 53．C 54．A 55．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Anjali一出生就是盲人，但是她没有放弃自己，在父母的支持下她在盲人学校学习，在这里她遇到了Gupta老师，老师鼓励她坚持自己的梦想，最终Anjali坚持追逐自己的梦想，成为了一名演员和励志演说家。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她始终立志要过充实独立的生活。A．luxury奢侈的；B．independent独立的；C．simple简单的；D．cnventinal传统的。上文“The rural girl frm India, Anjali, was brn blind”提到Anjali出生时就看不见东西，由hwever可知，前后是转折关系，但是她立志要过充实简单的生活，故选B。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管很穷，她的父母还是设法将她送到当地的盲人学校，在那里她可以学习盲文读写。A．declined拒绝；B．hesitated犹豫；C．managed设法做到；D．attempted试图。manage t d sth.固定搭配，意为“设法做某事”，由上文“Althugh pr,”和下文“t send her t a lcal blind schl, where she culd learn t read and write in Braille”可知，前后是转折关系，虽然她家里很穷，但是她父母还设法送她到当地盲人学校，故选C。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，Anjali感到害怕和孤独。A．lnely孤独的；B．friendly友好的；C．lively活泼的；D．ugly丑陋的。由下文“She didn’t knw anyne”可在，在盲人学校她不认识任何人，所以感到很孤单，故选A。
44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，她遇到了她的老师Gupta夫人，一个善良而有耐心的女人，她经常鼓励Anjali坚持自己的梦想。A．Hpefully有希望地；B．Obviusly显然地；C．Currently目前；D．Thankfully感恩地；幸亏。由下文“she met her teacher, Mrs Gupta, a kind and patient wman, wh ften encuraged Anjali t ____45____ her dreams.”可知，Gupta夫人是一个善良而有耐心的女人，她经常鼓励Anjali坚持自己的梦想，由此可知，幸亏，Anjali遇到Gupta夫人，故选D。
45．考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，她遇到了她的老师Gupta夫人，一个善良而有耐心的女人，她经常鼓励Anjali坚持自己的梦想。A．turn t求助于；B．lk t寻求；C．take t开始从事；D．stick t坚持。由上文“wh ften encuraged Anjali t”可知，Gupta夫人经常鼓励Anjali坚持自己的梦想，故选D。
46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在Gupta夫人的帮助下，她很快在学业上脱颖而出，结交了许多新朋友。A．std ut突出，脱颖而出；B．set ut出发；C．held ut坚持；D．came ut出来。由上文“With Mrs Gupta’s help”可知，在Gupta夫人的帮助下，她很快在学业上脱颖而出。故选A。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，Anjali被选中去试镜学校戏剧中的一个角色。A．sptted认出；B．selected挑选；C．assessed评价；D．emplyed利用。由下文“t auditin fr a rle in a schl play．”和“she practiced”可知，Anjali被选中去试镜学校话剧中的一个角色。故选B。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她很紧张，但是她每天都要练习几个小时的台词，最后她觉得自己已经准备好面试了。A．sngs歌曲；B．gestures姿势；C．lines线；台词；D．lks容貌。上文“One day, Anjali was ___47____ t auditin fr a rle in a schl play.”提到Anjali被选中去试镜学校话剧中的一个角色可知，她应该是练习台词，故选C。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在海选中，Anjali的表演很有感染力。A．perfrmance表演；B．cnclusin总结；C．fulfillment成就；D．passin激情。由下文“She delivered her lines with cnfidence and emtin”可知，她充满自信和情感地表达了她的台词，这说明她的表演很有感染力，故选A。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的台词充满自信和情感，吸引了全场观众的注意力。A．distracted使分心；B．captured捕获，吸引；C．rejected拒绝；D．bsted增加。由上文“She delivered her lines with cnfidence and emtin”可知，她充满自信和情感地说出了她的台词，由此可知，这吸引了全场观众的注意，故选B。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，她获得了该剧的女主角。A．served服务；B．credited信任；C．awarded授予；D．assumed假设。由下文“The play was a success, and Anjali became a star”可知，她出演了话剧，由此可知，她获得了该剧的女主角，故选C。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：演出结束后，Anjali受邀在当地残疾人会议上发表演讲。A．cmpetitin竞争；B．disability残疾；C．qualificatin资格；D．respnsibility责任。由下文“She spke abut her experiences as a blind girl and inspired thers t never give up n their dreams”可知，她发表了演讲，讲述了自己作为一个盲人女孩的经历，并鼓励其他人永远不要放弃自己的梦想，由此可推知，她作为残疾人，应该是受邀在当地残疾人会议上发表演讲，故选B。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她终于找到了自己的声音，并准备与世界分享。A．attitude态度；B．lifestyle生活方式；C．vice声音；D．assciatin协会。由下文“Anjali is nw an actress and a ___14____ speaker.”可知，她成为了一名演说家，这说明她通过声音实现了自己的梦想，故选C。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Anjali现在是一名演员和励志演说家。A．mtivatinal动机的；励志的；B．humrus幽默的；C．genuine真的；真诚的；D．sincere真诚的。由下文“She travels the wrld, sharing her stry with thers.”可知，她去世界各地分享自己的故事，这说明她是一个励志的演说家，故选A。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是决心和毅力力量的光辉典范。A．ambitin雄心；B．creativity创造力；C．hnesty真诚；D．determinatin决心。由下文“and perseverance.”可知，Anjali虽然是一个盲人，但是她不放弃追逐自己的梦想，这说明她很有决心和毅力，故选D。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent years, China has been wrking hard t imprve living cnditins in rural areas thrugh a prgram 56 (call) the New Rural Develpment Initiative．The gal f this initiative is t imprve infrastructure (基础设施), mdernize farming practices, and enhance the verall quality f life fr thse 57 (live) in the cuntryside.
One imprtant aspect f the initiative is the imprvement f rural infrastructure 58 includes the cnstructin f better rads, bridges, and watering systems 59 (imprve) the efficiency f transprtatin and agricultural activities.
Anther key fcus is the prmtin f mdern agricultural 60 (technique)．By intrducing advanced farming methds and technlgies, such as rganic farming and the use f machinery, farmers are able t increase their prductivity and incme 61 damaging the envirnment.
Furthermre, the initiative emphasizes the imprtance f preserving traditinal culture and heritage in rural cmmunities．T date many an effrt 62 (make) t regenerate lcal traditins, which nt nly enriches the cultural 63 (diverse) f the cuntryside but als creates new pprtunities fr cultural turism and sustainable develpment．The initiative als aims t enhance the living envirnment in rural areas thrugh the restratin f traditinal huses 64 the cnstructin f public facilities．
Thrugh the initiative, China is wrking hard t create a mre prsperus (繁荣的) and 65 (harmny) cuntryside, prviding its rural residents with better pprtunities and an imprved quality f life.
【答案】56．called 57．living38．that##which 59．t imprve 60．techniques 61．withut 62．has been made 63．diversity 64．and 65．harmnius
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。近年来，中国一直在努力通过一个名为“新农村发展计划”的项目改善农村地区的生活条件。这一倡议的目标是改善基础设施，实现农业现代化，提高农村居民的整体生活质量。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，中国一直在努力通过一个名为“新农村发展计划”的项目改善农村地区的生活条件。结合语境应用过去分词短语作定语。故填called。
57.考查非谓语动词。句意：这一倡议的目标是改善基础设施，实现农业现代化，提高农村居民的整体生活质量。分析句子结构可知，live与逻辑主语thse构成主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语。故填living。
58.考查定语从句。句意：该倡议的一个重要方面是改善农村基础设施，包括建设更好的道路、桥梁和供水系统，以提高运输和农业活动的效率。此处是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词imprvement，指物，关系词在从句作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。
59.考查非谓语动词。句意：该倡议的一个重要方面是改善农村基础设施，包括建设更好的道路、桥梁和供水系统，以提高运输和农业活动的效率。分析句子结构可知，imprve在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填t imprve。
60.考查名词复数。句意：另一个重点是推广现代农业技术。technique为可数名词，结合语境可知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填techniques。
61.考查介词。句意：通过引进先进的农业方法和技术，如有机农业和机械的使用，农民能够在不破坏环境的情况下提高生产力和收入。后跟动名词作宾语，表示“不，没有”应用介词withut。故填withut。
62.考查时态语态。句意：我们已经付出努力恢复地方传统，这不仅丰富了农村的文化多样性，而且为文化旅游和可持续发展创造了新的机会。此处主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合语境此处可知，t date 表示“到现在为止”，应与现在完成时连用；many a/an后接单数名词，谓语动词也应用单数。故填has been made。
63.考查名词。句意：我们正在努力/已经努力恢复地方传统，这不仅丰富了农村的文化多样性，而且为文化旅游和可持续发展创造了新的机会。此处作动词的宾语，应用名词diversity“多样性”，不可数。故填diversity。
64.考查连词。句意：该倡议还旨在通过修复传统房屋和建设公共设施来改善农村地区的生活环境。此处the restratin f traditinal huses与后文the cnstructin f public facilities为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
65.考查形容词。句意：通过“一带一路”建设，中国正在努力建设一个更加繁荣和谐的农村，为农村居民提供更好的机会，提高生活质量。此处修饰名词cuntryside，应用形容词harmnius“和谐的”，作定语。故填harmnius。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你李华，上周参加了全市中学生英语口语大赛。请你写一封邮件给美国笔友Peter，与他分享参赛心得，内容包括:
1.参赛过程；
2.参赛收获。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Peter,
Hw’s everything ging? I’m writing t share my experience in the high schl English speech cntest f the city last week.
With weeks f practice befrehand, I walked t the stage cnfidently and hpefully．Fear seized me fr sme secnds befre I recvered myself and delivered my speech fluently．All my effrts finally paid ff when there came thunderus applause—I wn the first prize.
Thugh challenging, the cntest turned ut rewarding．As the saying ges, yu reap what yu sw．
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生写一封邮件给美国笔友Peter，与他分享参赛心得。
【详解】1.词汇积累
竞赛：cntest→cmpetitin
恢复：recver→restre
最终：finally→eventually
值得的：rewarding→wrthwhile
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing t share my experience in the high schl English speech cntest f the city last week.
拓展句：I’m writing t share my experience in the high schl English speech cntest f the city, which was held successfully last week.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Fear seized me fr sme secnds befre I recvered myself and delivered my speech fluently.（运用了befre引导时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]As the saying ges, yu reap what yu sw.（运用了what引导宾语从句）
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Maria and Peter lived in a castal city．The greatest pleasure in summer fr them was t swim at their lcal beach after schl．But ne day they started t lse their enthusiasm fr swimming in the waters．Mre ften than nt, they wuld find plastic bags thrwn n the beach．Wrse sill, as they swam in the water, sme plastic bags wuld flat arund them and even stick t their legs when they walked t the shre.
They were upset and decided smething needed t be dne t stp the beautiful sea becming cnsumed by waste．One weekend, Maria and Peter brught a big bag t the beach and determined t clean it up．Sweat streamed dwn frm their frehead while they bent dwn and picked up the plastic bags．T their disappintment, after a day’s hard wrk, there were still many plastic bags lying n the beach r flating in the water．Ging hme with aching legs and arms, Maria and Peter were almst defeated by a strng sense f failure.
That night ver dinner with their parents, the pair ate silently．Nticing their lw spirits, Mther asked gently, “Yu tw lked s dwn．What happened?”Exchanging glances with Peter, Maria replied in a lw vice, “It’s thse annying plastic bags．We tried t clean up but it was just impssible.”Understanding the pair’s disappintment, their father patted them n the back and cmfrted,” Well, it’s really hard fr just tw f yu t fix such a big prblem.” “Just tw f us.” cmplained Maria and Peter, lking at each ther．Suddenly, an idea lashed thrugh their minds, their eyes shining with excitement．“Yes, that’s the pint! We shuld make mre peple aware f the prblem and encurage them t take actin!” the pair said in chrus.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Quickly finishing their dinner, the pair went upstairs and started planning.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Excited and nervus they psted the vide and article n WeChat.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Quickly finishing their dinner, the pair went upstairs and started planning．Maria and Peter decided t take advantage f the Internet．“Maybe we can write an article t aruse peple's awareness.” Maria prpsed．“Gd idea! We can als make a vide!" Peter added．The next few hurs witnessed their heated discussin and grwing cnfidence in a clean and beautiful cast．The next day, they went t the beach and filmed a shrt vide shwing plastic bags lying n the beach and flating in the sea．Peter, wh was gd at writing, wrte an article talking abut the present situatin f the beach and asking peple t take part in the clean-up．
Excited and nervus, they psted the vide and article n WeChat．T their amazement, their pst went viral nline immediately．Cuntless cmments flded in saying hw heartbrken they were when lking at the plluted beach and cean．What amazed Maria and Peter mre was that numerus peple in their cmmunity, encuraged by their effrts, ffered t jin in their clean-up．Mre and mre peple came t the beach t cllect plastic bags and they als appealed t thers t avid thrwing r using plastic bags．A year later, with their jint and cntinuus effrt, the cast regained its beauty and Maria and Peter regained their lng-awaited pleasure.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了住在沿海城市的玛丽亚和彼得发现塑料袋被扔在海滩上，对此很苦恼，决定要做点什么来阻止美丽的大海被浪费掉。于是他们决定通过在网上制作视频、写文章来呼吁大家一起爱护环境。视频和文章得到了人们积极响应。在大家的共同和持续努力下，海岸恢复了美丽。
详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“两人很快吃完晚饭，上楼开始计划。”可知，第一段可描写Maria and Peter商量对策，决定在网上制作视频、写文章来呼吁大家一起爱护环境。
②由第二段首句内容“他们既兴奋又紧张，在微信上发布了这段视频和文章。”可知，第二段可描写视频和文章在网上发布后得到的反应以及大家的行动和结果。
2.续写线索：商量——做视频——呼吁——反应——行动——沙滩变美
3.词汇激活
行为类
①利用：take advantage f /make use f
②建议：prpse/suggest /advise
③鼓舞：encurage/inspire
情绪类
①惊讶：amazement /surprise
②伤心：heartbrken /brken-hearted/sad
【点睛】
[高分句型1]．Peter, wh was gd at writing, wrte an article talking abut the present situatin f the beach and asking peple t take part in the clean-up.（运用了关系代词wh引导的非限定性定语从句）
[高分句型2]．Cuntless cmments flded in saying hw heartbrken they were when lking at the plluted beach and cean.（由连接词hw引导的宾语从句作saying的宾语）
[高分句型3]．What amazed Maria and Peter mre was that numerus peple in their cmmunity, encuraged by their effrts, ffered t jin in their clean-up.（由连接代词what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Wh is the man prbably talking t?
A．A shp assistant.B．His wife.C．His cwrker.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Yur gld necklace is s nice．I want t buy ne fr my wife.
W: Thanks．I think it can hld its value well．I bught it ...
M: Shush! Mr Lngman is cming twards us with the meeting papers.
2．What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A．The wman’s pht.B．A scenic spt.C．A TV drama.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: The waterfall in this pht lks familiar.
M: It has appeared in many TV dramas, and as a result, lts f turists visit it every day.
W: It explains the matter.
3．What des the man mean?
A．Ecmmerce is a dubleedged swrd.
B．Lcal specialties shuld be exprted.
C．Cmmercials are f n use.
【答案】A
【解析】
原文】W: Thanks t ecmmerce platfrms and vide blggers, the lcal specialities in my hmetwn can be traded all ver China, which is entirely unexpected.
M: T sme extent it is true, but many vides are t cmmercial．False nline advertisements are emerging in an endless stream.
4．What will the man d next?
A．Clse a windw.B．Catch a muse.C．Leave the rm.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I just fund a muse when I was cleaning my rm．Please help me get it ut f here.
M: All right．Well, I lked arund, but I didn’t find it．Maybe it has escaped thrugh the windw．Anyway, I have t g t the gym nw.
5．When des the cnversatin take place?
A．On Friday.B．On Saturday.C．On Sunday.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Are there any wrkers in the burning factry?
W: It is suppsed t be empty, because they nly wrk n weekdays.
M: But the factry is s badly damaged that they wn’t be able t wrk tmrrw.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Which year f cllege are the speakers in?
A．The first year.B．The secnd year.C．The third year.
7．What did the wman d in public?
A．She had a dance.B．She did jumping jacks.C．She perfrmed a sng.
【答案】6．B7．C
【解析】
【原文】M: The freshmen will start their military training this mnth.
W: Yeah．It was extremely ht during ur military training at this time last year.
M: It remains fresh in my memry．I gt made t d 80 jumping jacks fr being late.
W: Haha, it was s funny．I sang a sng in frnt f thers during a break in ur military training．I remember sme students als perfrmed varius dances．It’s still nice t think abut it.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What des the man expect t d n the 3rd?
A．Sign a cntract.B．G n a tur.C．Return t New Yrk.
9．What des the man finally decide t d?
A．Cancel the reservatin.B．Cntact anther airline.C．Advance the departure date.
【答案】8．A9．C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hell．What can I d fr yu?
M: I’d like a flight frm New Yrk t Bstn, leaving n the 3rd.
W: Srry．The flights n the 3rd are fully bked.
M: I am ut f luck．The same is true f anther airline.
W: What abut the 4th?
M: Unfrtunately, that wn’t wrk fr me．I’m nt ging n a tur．I’m meeting an imprtant business partner．Being punctual is crucial fr my chances f securing the cntract.
W: I’m srry, sir.
M: Well, please tell me what flights are available n the 2nd.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Wh might the wman be?
A．A hstess.B．A directr.C．An actress.
11．What des the wman think f the awardwinning film?
A．It is her persnal favrite.B．It is wrthy f the award.C．It is terribly disappinting.
12．What is the man ging t d next?
A．Call a meeting.B．Watch a vide.C．Have a jb interview.
【答案】10．A11．B12．B
【解析】
【原文】M: I heard yu tk charge f the red carpet interview fr the film festival yesterday.
W: Yes! I’m s prud．I had the pprtunity f interviewing many mvie stars, including my favrite actress Anna．She succeeded in earning the Best Actress Award．While the awardwinning film isn’t my persnal favrite, I d believe it deserves the award.
M: Oh, that’s great t hear! Unfrtunately, I missed yur interview part because f an emergency meeting．Wuld yu mind if we watch it nw?
W: Nt at all．Yu knw I always strive t d my best, s I’m sure it wn’t let yu dwn．Plus, yur favrite mvie actr Clin is in the interview.
M: What are we waiting fr? Let’s get started.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What is the man?
A．A fresh graduate.B．A sftware engineer.C．A cmputer repairman.
14．What des the example f the man’s grup prject prve?
A．He has great leadership skills.B．He is a gd team player.C．He pays attentin t detail.
15．Hw des the wman describe the man?
A．Mtivated.B．Creative.C．Industrius.
16．What will the wman mst prbably talk abut next?
A．The emplyment situatin.B．The internal prmtin.C．The cmpany culture.
【答案】13．A14．B15．A16．B
【解析】
【原文】W: Culd yu please intrduce yurself?
M: Yes．My name is Peter Barnes．I recently graduated with a degree in Cmputer Science frm Carnegie Melln University．During my studies, I develped a strng passin fr sftware develpment and wrked n varius prjects, including an internship at ABC Tech, where I gained sme experience in prgramming.
W: That sunds impressive．We value teamwrk here．Can yu prvide an example f a time when yu wrked effectively in a team?
M: Abslutely．During my senir year, I participated in a grup prject．I tk n the task f making slides．I actively listened t everyne else’s ideas and maintained a psitive atmsphere．We delivered the prject n time and wn first place.
W: Excellent．Attentin t detail is als crucial in ur industry．Hw d yu ensure the accuracy f yur wrk?
M: Befre starting a task, I carefully analyze the requirements, break it dwn int smaller subtasks, and create a detailed plan．Additinally, I always ask fr and welcme feedback frm thers t cntinuusly minimize errrs.
W: Gd．I appreciate emplyees wh take the initiative in their wrk．Finally, d yu have any questins fr us?
M: Yes．I’d like t inquire abut the prfessinal develpment pprtunities within the cmpany.
W: Sure...
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Hw much did disabled travelers spend in the US in 2018?
A．Abut $45.8 billin.B．Abut $58.7 billin.C．Abut $81 billin.
18．What is the best thing abut Singapre in Nilesh Jshi’s pinin?
A．It enables the disabled t live with dignity.
B．It ffers the disabled accessible public transprt.
C．Its turist attractins are free fr the disabled.
19．What d we knw abut Jhn Mrris?
A．He spke highly f the htel rms in Las Vegas.
B．He buys magazines 3 r 4 times a week.
C．He nce lived in Sydney.
20．Where is Julie Jnes emplyed?
A．At a htel.B．In a travel agency.C．In a publishing cmpany.
【答案】17．B18．A19．A20．C
【解析】
【原文】What d disabled travelers lk fr when chsing a city t visit?
In 2018, the value f the scalled “purple pund” (the spending pwer f disabled peple) t UK turism was estimated at ￡15.3 billin, while 27 millin travelers with disabilities in the US tk 81 millin trips and spent abut $58.7 billin (￡45.8 billin) in that same year.
There was a survey abut a city’s appeal t disabled travelers．Nw, let’s find ut what the respndents think f the tp 3 cities—Singapre, Las Vegas and Sydney.
Accrding t Nilesh Jshi, wh has mbility challenges but desn’t use a wheelchair, “Singapre allws me t independently mve arund using public transprt.”
Overwhelmingly, hwever, the mst imprtant factr fr survey respndents was nt physical accessibility but being treated with understanding and respect．Jshi said, “Always smiling, welcming and helpful, the peple f Singapre make a big difference fr the disabled t feel accepted and lked after.” Besides, ne f Singapre’s majr turist attractins, Gardens by the Bay, is fully wheelchair accessible.
Accrding t prminent wheelchair blgger Jhn Mrris, wh visits Las Vegas 3 r 4 times a year, “The city has ne f the highest cncentratins f accessible htel rms in the wrld.”
Julie Jnes, publisher f Travel Withut Limits, the wrld’s nly print magazine dedicated t accessible travel, praises Sydney’s accessibility．She said, “The majrity f the public transprt system is accessible t wheelchair users.”
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Wrld Fd Day Pster Cntest
If yu’re aged between 5 and 19 and wherever yu live, the Fd and Agriculture Organizatin (FAO) f the United Natins wants t hear frm yu! Use yur imaginatin and create a pster shwing a wrld where n ne is left behind and everyne has access t healthy and affrdable fd.
Rules:
●The registratin perid will end at 12:00 n Friday, Nvember 3.
●The cntest is divided int the fllwing categries: frm 5 t 8 years ld, frm 9 t 12years ld, frm 13 t 15 years ld and frm 16 t 19 years ld.
●Participants wh submit mre than ne pster will be disqualified.
●All artwrks must be riginal．And psters have t be drawn r painted with pens r clred pencils r be designed digitally.
●Psters may r may nt include the text．If the text is used, n mre than 25 wrds will be accepted．Dn’t include names, schl names, age, cntact infrmatin r phtgraphic pictures f the cmpetitrs, etc.
●Psters can nly be sent using the registratin frm prvided fr this purpse．All fields f the entry frm must be cmpleted and nce the pster design has been upladed, the SUBMIT buttn must be clicked.
●Only digital files in JPEG frmat will be accepted.
Prize:
●The selectin cmmittee will chse 15 psters in each categry fr the shrtlist (决选名单) and infrm them in December．Shrtlisted candidates will receive a certificate fr this achievement.
●A jury (评委会) will chse three winning psters frm each categry, and these winning psters will be annunced n the Wrld Fd Day website.
●Winners will be prmted n FAO scial media and will als receive a certificate f recgnitin and a surprise gift bag.
21．What is a requirement fr the participants?
A．They must present nly ne pster.
B．They must design their psters digitally.
C．They must uplad their psters n Nv.3.
D．They must prvide their persnal infrmatin.
22．Hw many psters will be chsen fr the shrtlist in all?
A．15.B．30.C．45.D．60.
23．What will happen t the winners?
A．They will becme members f FAO.
B．They will be intrduced n FAO media.
C．They will receive a lt f mney.
D．They will get many bags full f psters.
【答案】21．A 22．D 23．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界粮食日海报大赛的参赛规则。
21．细节理解题。根据文章Rules部分中“Participants wh submit mre than ne pster will be disqualified.(提交多于一张海报的参赛者将被取消参赛资格。)”可知，对参赛者的要求是他们只能提交一张海报。故选A项。
22．细节理解题。根据文章Rules部分中第二点“The cntest is divided int the fllwing categries: frm 5 t 8 years ld, frm 9 t 12years ld, frm 13 t 15 years ld and frm 16 t 19 years ld.(比赛分为5 - 8岁、9 - 12岁、13 - 15岁和16 - 19岁。)”可知，比赛分四个类别；再根据Prize部分中“The selectin cmmittee will chse 15 psters in each categry fr the shrtlist(决选名单) and infrm them in December.(评选委员会将在每个类别中选出15张海报进入决选名单，并于12月通知他们。)”可知，每个类别中选出15张海报进入决选名单，共四个类别，所以共60张海报会进入决选名单。故选D项。
23．细节理解题。根据文章Prize部分中最后一点“Winners will be prmted n FAO scial media and will als receive a certificate f recgnitin and a surprise gift bag.(获奖者将在粮农组织社交媒体上进行宣传，并将获得认可证书和惊喜礼品袋。)”可知，获奖者将在粮农组织媒体上被宣传。故选B项。
B
Winning a remarkable science award is really a big deal, especially if yu are 12 years ld．But Shanya Gill, a middle schler frm San Jse, Califrnia, wn the tp award in the Therm Fisher Scientific Junir Innvatrs Challenge fr designing a fire detectin system that is superir t existing nes, as stated in the press release.
“The tp winners have exhibited bundless curisity,” Maya Ajmera president and CEO f Sciety fr Science, said in the press release．“Their remarkable research nt nly reflects their talent but als paves the way fr an exciting new future.”
Shanya’s inspiratin came after a fire destryed a restaurant in her neighbrhd during the summer f 2022, reprted The Washingtn Pst．“I had never really experienced smething like that befre,” she tld The Washingtn Pst abut the early mrning fire at Hlder’s Cuntry Inn, which started in the kitchen．“They had smke detectrs．and yet it still burned dwn,” she added.
After she studied fire statistics, Shaya spent ver a year develping a fire detectin system that she believes culd have prevented the fire．Unlike traditinal smke detectrs that sense active fires frm the smke in the air, Shanya’s thermal (热的) imaging device is designed t stp fires frm ccurring.
With a thermal camera and a Raspberry Pi, a tiny cmputer the device detects when a heat surce has been left unattended fr ten minutes and sends a text message warning．Creating the prttype(原型) was difficult and the hardest part was the prgramming, “I had tw designs, and my first design cmpletely failed．It was a really big challenge I had t g thrugh.” she said．The final device utperfrms smke detectrs in speed and accuracy．Shanya wants t bring the csts dwn t make it even mre cmmn than hardwired smke detectrs．
“Shanya saw a prblem, went after it and tried t slve it, and that’s what we need t encurage with all yung peple,” said Ajmera．She als highlighted the significance f supprting individuals, especially girls and kids f clr, in STEM fields, as research indicates that many yung peple drp ut f these areas.
24．What can we learn abut Shanya frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．She gained a lt f mney in the award.
B．She shwed a curius nature as a schler.
C．She set a big stage fr yung peple her age.
D．She was junir t ther winners in perfrmance.
25．What mtivated Shanya t develp her fire detectin system?
A．Her desire t win the science award.
B．Her experience f a destructive fire.
C．Her interest in cmputer prgramming.
D．Her gal t imprve STEM educatin fr girls.
26．What is an advantage f Shanya’s inventin?
A．It cnsists f tw parts that are easier t cnduct.
B．It can send ut a warning against a ptential fire.
C．It can detect active fires frm the smke in the air.
D．It functins when a fire breaks ut within 10 minutes.
27．Which f the fllwing can best describe Shanya?
A．Reliable.B．Cperative.C．Innvative.D．Generus.
【答案】24．B 25．B 26．B 27．C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了来自加州圣何塞的中学生Shanya Gill在赛默飞世尔科学少年创新者挑战赛中获得了最高奖项，因为她设计了一种优于现有系统的火灾探测系统。文章介绍了这种系统开发背后的灵感来源以及优点。
24.细节理解题。根据第二段“The tp winners have exhibited bundless curisity(顶级获奖者表现出了无限的好奇心)”可知，Shanya表现出学者好奇的天性。故选B。
25.细节理解题。根据第三段“Shanya’s inspiratin came after a fire destryed a restaurant in her neighbrhd during the summer f 2022, reprted The Washingtn Pst.(据《华盛顿邮报》报道，Shanya的灵感来自于2022年夏天一场大火烧毁了她家附近的一家餐馆)”可知，经历了一场毁灭性的火灾促使Shanya开发她的火灾探测系统。故选B。
26.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“With a thermal camera and a Raspberry Pi, a tiny cmputer the device detects when a heat surce has been left unattended fr ten minutes and sends a text message warning.(该设备配有热像仪和Raspberry Pi，配有一台微型计算机，当热源无人看管超过10分钟时，它就会检测到，并发出短信警告)”可知，Shanya的发明优点在于可以发出潜在火灾的警告。故选B。
27.推理判断题。根据第一段“But Shanya Gill, a middle schler frm San Jse, Califrnia, wn the tp award in the Therm Fisher Scientific Junir Innvatrs Challenge fr designing a fire detectin system that is superir t existing nes, as stated in the press release.(但是，来自加州圣何塞的中学生Shanya Gill在赛默飞世尔科学少年创新者挑战赛中获得了最高奖项，因为她设计了一种优于现有系统的火灾探测系统)”可推知，Shanya发明了一种优于现有系统的火灾探测系统，说明她很有创新精神。故选C。
C
In the animal wrld, speed is king．Fast animals have a leg up in utrunning ther animals, which puts them high n the fd chain．It wuld seem that all animals wuld g fr speed, but then there’s the slth (树懒)．While a lin can g frm 0 t 60 miles an hur in nly five secnds, it takes a slth all day t cver n mre than 50 meters．
Slths live entirely in trees n a diet f leaves．And fr this, they are extremely rare．While mst f the land wrld is cvered in trees, there are very few vertebrates (脊椎动物) that call the tree hme．The aim f a 2016 study, says Jnathan Pauli, a University f Alabama prfessr f frest and wildlife eclgy, was t help uncver why slths are indeed s unique．“Amng vertebrates, this is the rarest f lifestyles”, says Pauli．“When yu picture animals that live ff plant leaves, they are almst all big-things like deer．What’s super interesting abut slths is that they can’t be big.”
Fr their research, Pauli and his Wiscnsin team studied wild slths at a field site．When the researchers measured the energy use f slths, they fund a wildly lw burning f as little as 110 calries f energy a day．And fr this, they take the cake: it is the lwest measured energetic utput fr any mammal (哺乳动物)．
“The measurement was intended t find ut what it cst slths t live ver a day,”says Pauli, wh adds that a diet f little but leaves lacks nutritinal value and the animal’s small size desn’t allw fr vereating-s slths need t find ways t make the mst f their diets, which means using tiny amunts f energy, dramatic cntrl f bdy temperature and living at an extremely slw pace．
Their reward? A wnderfully widespread eclgical system t call their wn, ne slw inch at a time.
28．Why is a lin mentined in Paragraph 1?
A．T admire lins’ speed.B．T state slths’ weakness.
C．T cnfirm lins’ lead psitin.D．T highlight slths’ uniqueness.
29．What is the 2016 study mainly abut?
A．The lifestyle f slths.B．The diet f vertebrates.
C．The species f rare animals.D．The energy use f creatures.
30．What des the underlined part “take the cake” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A．Break dwn.B．Keep n.C．Stand ut.D．Grw up.
31．What can be inferred abut slths frm Pauli’s wrds?
A．Their slw pace is a balanced chice.
B．They are in face f pssible extinctin.
C．Their slw pace decides a tiny appetite.
D．They suffer a lt against natural enemies.
【答案】28．D 29．A 30．C 31．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了树懒的独特生活方式和适应策略。虽然速度在动物界很重要，但树懒却以它们的缓慢生活而闻名。树懒生活在树上，以树叶为食，它们的能量消耗非常低。树懒采取了低能量消耗、控制体温和缓慢生活的方式来适应以树叶为食的生活。虽然树懒消耗的能量很少，但它们拥有自己独特的生态系统。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Fast animals have a leg up in utrunning ther animals, which puts them high n the fd chain．It wuld seem that all animals wuld g fr speed, but then there’s the slth (树懒)．While a lin can g frm 0 t 60 miles an hur in nly five secnds, it takes a slth all day t cver n mre than 50 meters.(速度快的动物比其他动物跑得快，这使它们处于食物链的高位。似乎所有的动物都追求速度，但树懒除外。狮子可以在5秒内从0英里跑到60英里每小时，而树懒需要一整天才能走超过50米。)”可知，似乎所有的动物都追求速度，但树懒除外，由此文章指出狮子可以在5秒内从0英里跑到60英里每小时，而树懒需要一整天才能走超过50米，此处提到了狮子的速度，与接下来讲述树懒的缓慢相对比，从而强调树懒的独特之处。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The aim f a 2016 study, says Jnathan Pauli, a University f Alabama prfessr f frest and wildlife eclgy, was t help uncver why slths are indeed s unique．(阿拉巴马大学森林和野生动物生态学教授Jnathan Pauli表示，2016年一项研究的目的是帮助揭示树懒确实如此独特的原因。)”以及““Amng vertebrates, this is the rarest f lifestyles”, says Pauli．(“在脊椎动物中，这是最罕见的生活方式，” Pauli说。)”可知，2016年一项研究的目的是为了揭示树懒生活方式为什么如此独特。故选A。
30．词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Wiscnsin team studied wild slths at a field site．When the researchers measured the energy use f slths, they fund a wildly lw burning f as little as 110 calries f energy a day．(威斯康辛州的一个研究小组在野外研究了野生树懒。当研究人员测量树懒的能量消耗时，他们发现树懒每天燃烧的能量非常低，只有110卡路里。)”以及划线词后面的内容“it is the lwest measured energetic utput fr any mammal(这是所有哺乳动物中测量到的能量输出最低的。)”可知，就树懒的能量消耗，其每天燃烧的能量非常低，只有110卡路里，这是所有哺乳动物中测量到的能量输出最低的，因为这一特点使得树懒脱颖而出（与众不同）。故划线词与C选项“Stand ut.(脱颖而出)”为同义词短语。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““The measurement was intended t find ut what it cst slths t live ver a day,”says Pauli, wh adds that a diet f little but leaves lacks nutritinal value and the animal’s small size desn’t allw fr vereating-s slths need t find ways t make the mst f their diets, which means using tiny amunts f energy, dramatic cntrl f bdy temperature and living at an extremely slw pace.( “这次测量的目的是找出树懒在一天中生活所需的成本，”Pauli说道，他补充说，只吃树叶的饮食缺乏营养价值，而树懒的体型小，不允许过度进食，所以树懒需要找到方法来最大限度地利用自己的饮食，这意味着使用极少的能量、极大地控制体温和以非常缓慢的步调生活。)”可知，因为树懒的体型小，不允许过度进食，所以树懒需要找到方法来最大限度地利用自己的饮食，这意味着使用极少的能量、极大地控制体温和以非常缓慢的步调生活，即树懒缓慢的步调是为了适应以树叶为食的生活，并让它们能够最大限度地利用自己的食物，由此推断它们缓慢的节奏是一个平衡的选择。故选A。
D
In 2022, campaign grup Fashin Revlutin Chelsea dye a garden fr its Chelsea Flwer Shw presentatin．An ancient craft, natural dyeing is a practice whse time has cme again, with hand tie-dyed fashin als making a cmeback in recent years.
The revival has been encuraged by Cvid lckdwns, “which allwed peple t explre the craft at hme, says natural-dyeing enthusiast and teacher Susan Dye．It’s unlikely, thugh, that the practice wuld have caught n in quite the same way if nt fr a cntinually grwing discmfrt abut fashin’s heavy ftprint．Frm carbn emissins t animal cruelty, fashin is under cnsiderable inspectin．“Put it this way, 97% f dyes used in the industry are petrchemically (石油化学产品) based,” says sustainable fashin cnsultant Jackie Andrews, wh helped advise the UN Ethical Fashin Initiative．We’ve gt net zer targets which mean we’re ging t have t remve all thse petrchemicals frm the manufacturing cycle.
Fashin is a huge plluter．Accrding t the UN Envirnment Prgram, the industry is respnsible fr up t ne-fifth f all industrial water pllutin—due t the fact that mst clthes tday are prduced in prer cuntries where regulatin is weak and enfrcement weaker．Waste water is dumped directly int rivers and streams, pisning the land as well as the water surces f peple and animals wh rely n them.
It’s easy t see why smene wh cares abut peple, planet and animals, as well as clthes, might turn t natural plant dyeing．Frm the beauty f the raw materials—ften wild plants-t the prperty f nly bnding with natural fiber like cttn and linen (亚麻布) frm the minr ftprint f recycling ld clthing that has grayed r faded ver time t the vibrant and lng-lasting dyeing results, plant dyeing feels like a quiet act f rebellin．This is why, while beginners start with simply changing their clthes’ clr, new wrlds pen．Many f tday’s natural dyers grw their wn dye plants, run lcal cmmunity wrkshps, and advcate fr change in industrialized fashin systems and beynd.
32．What is the main reasn fr the grwing discmfrt mentined in paragraph 2?
A．The adptin f petrchemical-based dyes
B．The disturbing cnsequences f the fashin industry.
C．The fashin industry’s fcus n luxurius designs.
D．The challenging net zer targets t be achieved.
33．Hw des the authr illustrate Fashin is a huge plluter?
A．By making a cmparisn.
B．By listing numbers
C．By giving examples.
D．By intrducing a new tpic
34．What des the underlined phrase a quiet act f rebellin in paragraph 4 refer t?
A．A prtest against turning t natural fiber.
B．An bjectin t recycling ld clthing
C．A resistance t vibrant clrs in natural dyeing
D．A struggle fr a sustainable fashin industry
35．What wuld be the mst suitable title fr the passage?
A．The Envirnmental Impact f Natural Dyeing
B．The Return f Natural Dyeing with Ethical Appeal
C．Fashin Revlutin’s Dye Garden Presentatin
D．The Petrchemical Dye Industry and Its Challenges
【答案】32．B 33．C 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了天然染色工艺的回归。
32．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It’s unlikely, thugh, that the practice wuld have caught n in quite the same way if nt fr a cntinually grwing discmfrt abut fashin’s heavy ftprint．Frm carbn emissins t animal cruelty, fashin is under cnsiderable inspectin．(然而，如果不是因为人们对时尚的沉重足迹不断感到不安，这种做法不太可能以同样的方式流行起来。从碳排放到虐待动物，时尚都受到了严格的检查。)”可知，时尚业也存在碳排放到虐待动物问题，所以人们感到不适是因为时尚产业令人不安的后果。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Fashin is a huge plluter．Accrding t the UN Envirnment Prgram, the industry is respnsible fr up t ne-fifth f all industrial water pllutin—due t the fact that mst clthes tday are prduced in prer cuntries where regulatin is weak and enfrcement weaker．Waste water is dumped directly int rivers and streams, pisning the land as well as the water surces f peple and animals wh rely n them．(时尚是一个巨大的污染者。根据联合国环境规划署的数据，服装业造成的水污染占所有工业水污染的五分之一，原因是如今大多数服装都是在监管薄弱、执法不力的较贫穷国家生产的。废水被直接排入河流和小溪，污染了土地，也污染了赖以生存的人和动物的水源。)”可知，这一段用实际例子来说明时尚是一个巨大的污染源。故选C。
34．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“It’s easy t see why smene wh cares abut peple, planet and animals, as well as clthes, might turn t natural plant dyeing．Frm the beauty f the raw materials—ften wild plants-t the prperty f nly bnding with natural fiber like cttn and linen (亚麻布) frm the minr ftprint f recycling ld clthing that has grayed r faded ver time t the vibrant and lng-lasting dyeing results, plant dyeing feels like a quiet act f rebellin．(很容易理解为什么一个关心人类、地球和动物以及衣服的人会转向天然植物染色。从原材料的美丽，到只与天然纤维结合的特性，从回收旧衣服随着时间的推移变灰或褪色的微小足迹，到充满活力和持久的染色效果，植物染色感觉像是一种安静的反叛行为。)”可知，这里描述植物染色和化学染色不一样，所以它是对化学染色的反抗，是对可持续发展的维护，所以画线部分的意思应该是“为可持续发展而做斗争”。故选D。
35．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In 2022, campaign grup Fashin Revlutin Chelsea dye a garden fr its Chelsea Flwer Shw presentatin．An ancient craft, natural dyeing is a practice whse time has cme again, with hand tie-dyed fashin als making a cmeback in recent years．(2022年，活动组织“切尔西时尚革命”为其切尔西花展的展示染了一座花园。自然染色是一种古老的工艺，它的时代又来了，近年来，手工扎染时尚也卷土重来。)”可知，本文主要介绍天然染色工艺的回归。B项“自然染色的回归与伦理诉求”符合本文的标题。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw We Talk abut Fear Matters
Lately, there seems t be plenty t fear in the wrld．Hw we talk abut what we fear might ffer clues t hw we perceive that emtin scially and culturally.
Get the rt f fear.
36 ．In Angl Saxn times, “fear” primarily referred t sudden danger．The rt f the wrd dates back t “pēr” frm Ind-Eurpean abut 6,000 years ag．This rt suggests that fear develped frm a sudden (frightening) experience yu passed thrugh.
Figure ut the emtinal meaning f fear.
Whether emtins are viewed psitively r negatively varies frm culture t culture． 37 ．Fr instance, in English, the wrd “anxius” can be used t mean “wrried” r “eager”．But the wrd meaning “anxius” just means “regret” in Dargwa．Therefre, many English speakers may nt view anxiety as negatively as Dargwa speakers.
Find ut a fearful pattern.
In lking at such patterns acrss the majr language families, researchers fund that the wrd “fear” was ften assciated with anxiety, envy and grief in Ind-Eurpean languages．But in Austrnesian languages, “fear” mre ften was assciated with surprise． 38 .
39
Hw we talk abut fear changes hw we react t it．When we talk abut what frightens us, it may be useful t disrupt assciated meanings．In additin, hw ur language categrizes an emtin seems t impact whether we perceive thse emtins negatively r psitively.
In cnclusin, fear is smething that can be changed by cultural and linguistic experience． 40 ．Perhaps Rsevelt was right when he in famusly said “The nly thing we have t fear is fear itself.”
A．Talk mre abut fears
B．Change ur perceptin f fear
C．The wrd fear has a lng histry in English
D．There seemed a fearful pattern acrss the majr language families
E．This is based n what peple have learned t assciate with emtin wrds
F．It pens the dr t ptential ways t change hw we talk abut and react t it
G．This makes speakers f the latter languages assciate this emtin with a less negative sense
【答案】36．C 37．E 38．G 39．B 40．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们应该如何去谈论恐惧。
36．下文“In Angl Saxn times, “fear” primarily referred t sudden danger．The rt f the wrd dates back t “pēr” frm Ind-Eurpean abut 6,000 years ag.(在盎格鲁-撒克逊时代，“恐惧”主要指突然发生的危险。这个词的词根可以追溯到大约6000年前印欧语的“pēr”)”介绍了“恐惧”一词可追溯到约6000年前，是对C项“The wrd fear has a lng histry in English(“恐惧”这个词在英语中有很长的历史)”内容的具体说明，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
37．上文“Whether emtins are viewed psitively r negatively varies frm culture t culture.(对情绪的看法是积极的还是消极的，因文化而异)”指出恐惧的情绪含义因文化而异，下文“Fr instance, in English, the wrd “anxius” can be used t mean “wrried” r “eager”．But the wrd meaning “anxius” just means “regret” in Dargwa．Therefre, many English speakers may nt view anxiety as negatively as Dargwa speakers.(例如，在英语中，单词“anxius”可以用来表示“担心的”或“急切的”。但是“anxius”这个词在达格瓦语中只是“后悔”的意思。因此，许多说英语的人可能不会像说达瓜语的人那样消极地看待“anxiety”)”用举例的方法说明了一个词汇的情绪含义是积极或消极因文化而异，与人们所习得的情绪相关，是对上文和E项“This is based n what peple have learned t assciate with emtin wrds(这是基于人们已经学到的与情感词汇相关的情绪)”内容的举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
38．上文“In lking at such patterns acrss the majr language families, researchers fund that the wrd “fear” was ften assciated with anxiety, envy and grief in Ind-Eurpean languages．But in Austrnesian languages, “fear” mre ften was assciated with surprise.(在研究主要语系的这种模式时，研究人员发现，在印欧语系中，“恐惧”这个词经常与焦虑、嫉妒和悲伤联系在一起。但在南岛语中，“恐惧”更多的是与惊讶联系在一起)”指出，在印欧语系中“恐惧”这个词经常与焦虑、嫉妒和悲伤联系在一起，而在南岛语中，“恐惧”更多的是与惊讶联系在一起，由此可知，对使用南岛语的人来说，“恐惧”一词不会带来太多的消极情绪。G项“This makes speakers f the latter languages assciate this emtin with a less negative sense(这使得说后一种语言的人不太会将“恐惧”与消极的感觉联系在一起)”承接上文，表达了同样的意思，句中“the latter”照应上文“in Austrnesian languages”。故选G项。
39．设空句是段首主题句，根据下文“Hw we talk abut fear changes hw we react t it．When we talk abut what frightens us, it may be useful t disrupt assciated meanings．In additin, hw ur language categrizes an emtin seems t impact whether we perceive thse emtins negatively r psitively.(我们谈论恐惧的方式会改变我们对恐惧的反应。当我们谈论让我们害怕的事情时，打破相关的含义可能是有用的。此外，我们的语言如何对情绪进行分类似乎会影响我们对这些情绪的看法是消极的还是积极的)”可知，本段说明我们对恐惧认知会影响我们对恐惧的反应，建议打破其相关含义，改变对恐惧的看法，故“Change ur perceptin f fear(改变我们对恐惧的看法)”是本段内容最佳概括。故选B项。
40．上文“In cnclusin, fear is smething that can be changed by cultural and linguistic experience.(总之，恐惧是可以被文化和语言经验改变的)”总结全文，得出结论：恐惧是可以被文化和语言经验改变的，F项“It pens the dr t ptential ways t change hw we talk abut and react t it (它打开了一扇门，让我们有可能改变我们谈论和应对它的方式)”承接上文，说明这一认知的作用：让我们可能改变我们谈论和应对恐惧的方式，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The rural girl frm India, Anjali, was brn blind．Hwever, she has always been determined t live a full and 41 life
Althugh pr, her parents 42 t send her t a lcal blind schl, where she culd learn t read and write in Braille At first, Anjali was scared and 43 ．She didn't knw anyne, and she felt like she didn’t belng here 44 , she met her teacher, Mrs Gupta, a kind and patient wman, wh ften encuraged Anjali t 45 her dreams．With Mrs Gupta’s help, she quickly 46 in her studies and made many new friends．Additinally, she participated in extracurricular activities, such as drama and music.
One day, Anjali was 47 t auditin fr a rle in a schl play．She was nervus, but she practiced her 48 fr hurs a day, and she finally felt ready t auditin． At the auditin, Anjali gave a pwerful 49 ．She delivered her lines with cnfidence and emtin s she 50 the attentin f the entire audience．Finally, she was 51 the lead rle in the play.
The play was a success, and Anjali became a star．After the play, Anjali was invited t speak at a lcal cnference n 52 ．She spke abut her experiences as a blind girl and inspired thers t never give up n their dreams．She finally fund her 53 , and she was ready t share it with the wrld.
Anjali is nw an actress and a 54 speaker．She travels the wrld, sharing her stry with thers．She is a shining example f the pwer f 55 and perseverance.
41．A．luxuryB．independentC．simpleD．cnventinal
42．A．declinedB．hesitatedC．managedD．attempted
43．A．lnelyB．friendlyC．livelyD．ugly
44．A．HpefullyB．ObviuslyC．CurrentlyD．Thankfully
45．A．turn tB．lk tC．take tD．stick t
46．A．std utB．set utC．held utD．came ut
47．A．spttedB．selectedC．assessedD．emplyed
48．A．sngsB．gesturesC．linesD．lks
49．A．perfrmanceB．cnclusinC．fulfillmentD．passin
50．A．distractedB．capturedC．rejectedD．bsted
51．A．servedB．creditedC．awardedD．assumed
52．A．cmpetitinB．disabilityC．qualificatinD．respnsibility
53．A．attitudeB．lifestyleC．viceD．assciatin
54．A．mtivatinalB．humrusC．genuineD．sincere
55．A．ambitinB．creativityC．hnestyD．determinatin
41．B 42．C 43．A 44．D 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．C 49．A 50．B 51．C 52．B 53．C 54．A 55．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Anjali一出生就是盲人，但是她没有放弃自己，在父母的支持下她在盲人学校学习，在这里她遇到了Gupta老师，老师鼓励她坚持自己的梦想，最终Anjali坚持追逐自己的梦想，成为了一名演员和励志演说家。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她始终立志要过充实独立的生活。A．luxury奢侈的；B．independent独立的；C．simple简单的；D．cnventinal传统的。上文“The rural girl frm India, Anjali, was brn blind”提到Anjali出生时就看不见东西，由hwever可知，前后是转折关系，但是她立志要过充实简单的生活，故选B。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管很穷，她的父母还是设法将她送到当地的盲人学校，在那里她可以学习盲文读写。A．declined拒绝；B．hesitated犹豫；C．managed设法做到；D．attempted试图。manage t d sth.固定搭配，意为“设法做某事”，由上文“Althugh pr,”和下文“t send her t a lcal blind schl, where she culd learn t read and write in Braille”可知，前后是转折关系，虽然她家里很穷，但是她父母还设法送她到当地盲人学校，故选C。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，Anjali感到害怕和孤独。A．lnely孤独的；B．friendly友好的；C．lively活泼的；D．ugly丑陋的。由下文“She didn’t knw anyne”可在，在盲人学校她不认识任何人，所以感到很孤单，故选A。
44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，她遇到了她的老师Gupta夫人，一个善良而有耐心的女人，她经常鼓励Anjali坚持自己的梦想。A．Hpefully有希望地；B．Obviusly显然地；C．Currently目前；D．Thankfully感恩地；幸亏。由下文“she met her teacher, Mrs Gupta, a kind and patient wman, wh ften encuraged Anjali t ____45____ her dreams.”可知，Gupta夫人是一个善良而有耐心的女人，她经常鼓励Anjali坚持自己的梦想，由此可知，幸亏，Anjali遇到Gupta夫人，故选D。
45．考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，她遇到了她的老师Gupta夫人，一个善良而有耐心的女人，她经常鼓励Anjali坚持自己的梦想。A．turn t求助于；B．lk t寻求；C．take t开始从事；D．stick t坚持。由上文“wh ften encuraged Anjali t”可知，Gupta夫人经常鼓励Anjali坚持自己的梦想，故选D。
46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在Gupta夫人的帮助下，她很快在学业上脱颖而出，结交了许多新朋友。A．std ut突出，脱颖而出；B．set ut出发；C．held ut坚持；D．came ut出来。由上文“With Mrs Gupta’s help”可知，在Gupta夫人的帮助下，她很快在学业上脱颖而出。故选A。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，Anjali被选中去试镜学校戏剧中的一个角色。A．sptted认出；B．selected挑选；C．assessed评价；D．emplyed利用。由下文“t auditin fr a rle in a schl play．”和“she practiced”可知，Anjali被选中去试镜学校话剧中的一个角色。故选B。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她很紧张，但是她每天都要练习几个小时的台词，最后她觉得自己已经准备好面试了。A．sngs歌曲；B．gestures姿势；C．lines线；台词；D．lks容貌。上文“One day, Anjali was ___47____ t auditin fr a rle in a schl play.”提到Anjali被选中去试镜学校话剧中的一个角色可知，她应该是练习台词，故选C。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在海选中，Anjali的表演很有感染力。A．perfrmance表演；B．cnclusin总结；C．fulfillment成就；D．passin激情。由下文“She delivered her lines with cnfidence and emtin”可知，她充满自信和情感地表达了她的台词，这说明她的表演很有感染力，故选A。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的台词充满自信和情感，吸引了全场观众的注意力。A．distracted使分心；B．captured捕获，吸引；C．rejected拒绝；D．bsted增加。由上文“She delivered her lines with cnfidence and emtin”可知，她充满自信和情感地说出了她的台词，由此可知，这吸引了全场观众的注意，故选B。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，她获得了该剧的女主角。A．served服务；B．credited信任；C．awarded授予；D．assumed假设。由下文“The play was a success, and Anjali became a star”可知，她出演了话剧，由此可知，她获得了该剧的女主角，故选C。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：演出结束后，Anjali受邀在当地残疾人会议上发表演讲。A．cmpetitin竞争；B．disability残疾；C．qualificatin资格；D．respnsibility责任。由下文“She spke abut her experiences as a blind girl and inspired thers t never give up n their dreams”可知，她发表了演讲，讲述了自己作为一个盲人女孩的经历，并鼓励其他人永远不要放弃自己的梦想，由此可推知，她作为残疾人，应该是受邀在当地残疾人会议上发表演讲，故选B。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她终于找到了自己的声音，并准备与世界分享。A．attitude态度；B．lifestyle生活方式；C．vice声音；D．assciatin协会。由下文“Anjali is nw an actress and a ___14____ speaker.”可知，她成为了一名演说家，这说明她通过声音实现了自己的梦想，故选C。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Anjali现在是一名演员和励志演说家。A．mtivatinal动机的；励志的；B．humrus幽默的；C．genuine真的；真诚的；D．sincere真诚的。由下文“She travels the wrld, sharing her stry with thers.”可知，她去世界各地分享自己的故事，这说明她是一个励志的演说家，故选A。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是决心和毅力力量的光辉典范。A．ambitin雄心；B．creativity创造力；C．hnesty真诚；D．determinatin决心。由下文“and perseverance.”可知，Anjali虽然是一个盲人，但是她不放弃追逐自己的梦想，这说明她很有决心和毅力，故选D。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent years, China has been wrking hard t imprve living cnditins in rural areas thrugh a prgram 56 (call) the New Rural Develpment Initiative．The gal f this initiative is t imprve infrastructure (基础设施), mdernize farming practices, and enhance the verall quality f life fr thse 57 (live) in the cuntryside.
One imprtant aspect f the initiative is the imprvement f rural infrastructure 58 includes the cnstructin f better rads, bridges, and watering systems 59 (imprve) the efficiency f transprtatin and agricultural activities.
Anther key fcus is the prmtin f mdern agricultural 60 (technique)．By intrducing advanced farming methds and technlgies, such as rganic farming and the use f machinery, farmers are able t increase their prductivity and incme 61 damaging the envirnment.
Furthermre, the initiative emphasizes the imprtance f preserving traditinal culture and heritage in rural cmmunities．T date many an effrt 62 (make) t regenerate lcal traditins, which nt nly enriches the cultural 63 (diverse) f the cuntryside but als creates new pprtunities fr cultural turism and sustainable develpment．The initiative als aims t enhance the living envirnment in rural areas thrugh the restratin f traditinal huses 64 the cnstructin f public facilities．
Thrugh the initiative, China is wrking hard t create a mre prsperus (繁荣的) and 65 (harmny) cuntryside, prviding its rural residents with better pprtunities and an imprved quality f life.
【答案】56．called 57．living38．that##which 59．t imprve 60．techniques 61．withut 62．has been made 63．diversity 64．and 65．harmnius
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。近年来，中国一直在努力通过一个名为“新农村发展计划”的项目改善农村地区的生活条件。这一倡议的目标是改善基础设施，实现农业现代化，提高农村居民的整体生活质量。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，中国一直在努力通过一个名为“新农村发展计划”的项目改善农村地区的生活条件。结合语境应用过去分词短语作定语。故填called。
57.考查非谓语动词。句意：这一倡议的目标是改善基础设施，实现农业现代化，提高农村居民的整体生活质量。分析句子结构可知，live与逻辑主语thse构成主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语。故填living。
58.考查定语从句。句意：该倡议的一个重要方面是改善农村基础设施，包括建设更好的道路、桥梁和供水系统，以提高运输和农业活动的效率。此处是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词imprvement，指物，关系词在从句作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。
59.考查非谓语动词。句意：该倡议的一个重要方面是改善农村基础设施，包括建设更好的道路、桥梁和供水系统，以提高运输和农业活动的效率。分析句子结构可知，imprve在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填t imprve。
60.考查名词复数。句意：另一个重点是推广现代农业技术。technique为可数名词，结合语境可知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填techniques。
61.考查介词。句意：通过引进先进的农业方法和技术，如有机农业和机械的使用，农民能够在不破坏环境的情况下提高生产力和收入。后跟动名词作宾语，表示“不，没有”应用介词withut。故填withut。
62.考查时态语态。句意：我们已经付出努力恢复地方传统，这不仅丰富了农村的文化多样性，而且为文化旅游和可持续发展创造了新的机会。此处主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合语境此处可知，t date 表示“到现在为止”，应与现在完成时连用；many a/an后接单数名词，谓语动词也应用单数。故填has been made。
63.考查名词。句意：我们正在努力/已经努力恢复地方传统，这不仅丰富了农村的文化多样性，而且为文化旅游和可持续发展创造了新的机会。此处作动词的宾语，应用名词diversity“多样性”，不可数。故填diversity。
64.考查连词。句意：该倡议还旨在通过修复传统房屋和建设公共设施来改善农村地区的生活环境。此处the restratin f traditinal huses与后文the cnstructin f public facilities为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
65.考查形容词。句意：通过“一带一路”建设，中国正在努力建设一个更加繁荣和谐的农村，为农村居民提供更好的机会，提高生活质量。此处修饰名词cuntryside，应用形容词harmnius“和谐的”，作定语。故填harmnius。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你李华，上周参加了全市中学生英语口语大赛。请你写一封邮件给美国笔友Peter，与他分享参赛心得，内容包括:
1.参赛过程；
2.参赛收获。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Peter,
Hw’s everything ging? I’m writing t share my experience in the high schl English speech cntest f the city last week.
With weeks f practice befrehand, I walked t the stage cnfidently and hpefully．Fear seized me fr sme secnds befre I recvered myself and delivered my speech fluently．All my effrts finally paid ff when there came thunderus applause—I wn the first prize.
Thugh challenging, the cntest turned ut rewarding．As the saying ges, yu reap what yu sw．
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生写一封邮件给美国笔友Peter，与他分享参赛心得。
【详解】1.词汇积累
竞赛：cntest→cmpetitin
恢复：recver→restre
最终：finally→eventually
值得的：rewarding→wrthwhile
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing t share my experience in the high schl English speech cntest f the city last week.
拓展句：I’m writing t share my experience in the high schl English speech cntest f the city, which was held successfully last week.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Fear seized me fr sme secnds befre I recvered myself and delivered my speech fluently.（运用了befre引导时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]As the saying ges, yu reap what yu sw.（运用了what引导宾语从句）
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Maria and Peter lived in a castal city．The greatest pleasure in summer fr them was t swim at their lcal beach after schl．But ne day they started t lse their enthusiasm fr swimming in the waters．Mre ften than nt, they wuld find plastic bags thrwn n the beach．Wrse sill, as they swam in the water, sme plastic bags wuld flat arund them and even stick t their legs when they walked t the shre.
They were upset and decided smething needed t be dne t stp the beautiful sea becming cnsumed by waste．One weekend, Maria and Peter brught a big bag t the beach and determined t clean it up．Sweat streamed dwn frm their frehead while they bent dwn and picked up the plastic bags．T their disappintment, after a day’s hard wrk, there were still many plastic bags lying n the beach r flating in the water．Ging hme with aching legs and arms, Maria and Peter were almst defeated by a strng sense f failure.
That night ver dinner with their parents, the pair ate silently．Nticing their lw spirits, Mther asked gently, “Yu tw lked s dwn．What happened?”Exchanging glances with Peter, Maria replied in a lw vice, “It’s thse annying plastic bags．We tried t clean up but it was just impssible.”Understanding the pair’s disappintment, their father patted them n the back and cmfrted,” Well, it’s really hard fr just tw f yu t fix such a big prblem.” “Just tw f us.” cmplained Maria and Peter, lking at each ther．Suddenly, an idea lashed thrugh their minds, their eyes shining with excitement．“Yes, that’s the pint! We shuld make mre peple aware f the prblem and encurage them t take actin!” the pair said in chrus.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Quickly finishing their dinner, the pair went upstairs and started planning.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Excited and nervus they psted the vide and article n WeChat.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Quickly finishing their dinner, the pair went upstairs and started planning．Maria and Peter decided t take advantage f the Internet．“Maybe we can write an article t aruse peple's awareness.” Maria prpsed．“Gd idea! We can als make a vide!" Peter added．The next few hurs witnessed their heated discussin and grwing cnfidence in a clean and beautiful cast．The next day, they went t the beach and filmed a shrt vide shwing plastic bags lying n the beach and flating in the sea．Peter, wh was gd at writing, wrte an article talking abut the present situatin f the beach and asking peple t take part in the clean-up．
Excited and nervus, they psted the vide and article n WeChat．T their amazement, their pst went viral nline immediately．Cuntless cmments flded in saying hw heartbrken they were when lking at the plluted beach and cean．What amazed Maria and Peter mre was that numerus peple in their cmmunity, encuraged by their effrts, ffered t jin in their clean-up．Mre and mre peple came t the beach t cllect plastic bags and they als appealed t thers t avid thrwing r using plastic bags．A year later, with their jint and cntinuus effrt, the cast regained its beauty and Maria and Peter regained their lng-awaited pleasure.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了住在沿海城市的玛丽亚和彼得发现塑料袋被扔在海滩上，对此很苦恼，决定要做点什么来阻止美丽的大海被浪费掉。于是他们决定通过在网上制作视频、写文章来呼吁大家一起爱护环境。视频和文章得到了人们积极响应。在大家的共同和持续努力下，海岸恢复了美丽。
详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“两人很快吃完晚饭，上楼开始计划。”可知，第一段可描写Maria and Peter商量对策，决定在网上制作视频、写文章来呼吁大家一起爱护环境。
②由第二段首句内容“他们既兴奋又紧张，在微信上发布了这段视频和文章。”可知，第二段可描写视频和文章在网上发布后得到的反应以及大家的行动和结果。
2.续写线索：商量——做视频——呼吁——反应——行动——沙滩变美
3.词汇激活
行为类
①利用：take advantage f /make use f
②建议：prpse/suggest /advise
③鼓舞：encurage/inspire
情绪类
①惊讶：amazement /surprise
②伤心：heartbrken /brken-hearted/sad
【点睛】
[高分句型1]．Peter, wh was gd at writing, wrte an article talking abut the present situatin f the beach and asking peple t take part in the clean-up.（运用了关系代词wh引导的非限定性定语从句）
[高分句型2]．Cuntless cmments flded in saying hw heartbrken they were when lking at the plluted beach and cean.（由连接词hw引导的宾语从句作saying的宾语）
[高分句型3]．What amazed Maria and Peter mre was that numerus peple in their cmmunity, encuraged by their effrts, ffered t jin in their clean-up.（由连接代词what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）
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