福建省福州市2022-2024年中考英语一模试题分类汇编：阅读理解

这是一份福建省福州市2022-2024年中考英语一模试题分类汇编：阅读理解，共30页。
2024年福建省福州市中考一模英语试题
IV. 阅读理解(共两节, 25 小题; 满分45 分)
第一节 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。(共20 小题； 每小题2分，满分40分)
A
Sunday, January 2 8
Happy City Tur B us Changes
1. With the rising price f il, Happy City Tur Bus will start t run n weekends nly. Hwever, yu may take ur bus t yur favrite places in Happy City earlier withut waiting fr t lng like befre. Running hur will. be frm 8 a. m. t 5 p. m. every 30 minutes.
2. Happy City Tur Bus will start t g t Spring land, Winter land and Summerland. Als, yu can still get ff at Wdfield and Tea field like befre. If yu wuld like t g muntain climbing n Muntain Gchi, the nearest stp t get ff is Flwer field. Yu dn't have t walk far away frm Grass field like befre.
3. The changes abve will begin next Sunday.
46 Happy City Tur Bus changes because
A. the il price is rising B. mre peple cme t Happy City
C. the ticket price is higher D. peple used t wait fr t lng
47. Which is the mst likely map f Happy City Tur Bus Line befre the changes?
48 If Sally wants t visit Muntain Gchi next Sunday, the clsest stp is
A. Springland B. Grassfield C. Summerland D. Flwerfield
49. When will the changes begin?
A. On Jan 21st. B. On Jan 28th. C. On Feb 4th. D. On Feb 11th.
50 The text abve is a
A. reprt B. ntice C. menu D. diary
B
Mrse cde ( 摩 斯 密 码 ) is a system f cmmunicatin that uses dts ( shrt marks ), dashes(lng marks ), and spaces t represent ( 代表 ) the letters, numbers, and punctuatin. Letters used ften(such as “E”) gt a simple cde, while thse nt ften used ( such as “Q”) gt a lnger and mre cmplex cde.
The very first message using Mrse cde was sent by Samuel Mrse, ne f its inventrs, t Alfred Vail n May 24th, 1844. The tw men were 40 miles apart at the time. Frm then n, the way t cmmunicate with peple in far-ff places was changed.
Mrse cde is a highly dependable cmmunicatin methd, even in difficult and nisy envirnments. It can be sent by sunds, light, r ther unexpected ways. Jeremiah Andrew Dentn Jr. was a prisner f war between 1965 and 1973. As a high-ranking fficer, he was frced t take part in a televisin interview n May 2nd, 1966. During the bradcast, which went ut live in the US, Dentn Jr. pretended (假装) t be blinded by the camera lights in rder t blink (眨眼) a Mrse cde message t thse watching back hme.
Mrse cde's heyday is lng gne. It was replaced first by the telephne, then the fax machine, and finally by the Internet. But isn't it fun t send a message in Mrse Cde t yur friends? Give it a try!
51. What des the underlined wrd “cmplex” mean?
A. 冗长的 B. 准确的 C. 复杂的 D. 清晰的
52 We can infer frm the text that Mrse cde was put int use in the
A.1840s B.1880s C.1960s D.1970s
53 Dentn's stry is mentined t shw
A. hw Mrse cde wrks in a difficult situatin
B. hw Mrse cde is used in televisin interviews
C. hw Mrse cde helped catch a prisner f war
D. hw a Mrse cde message was sent by sunds
54 Accrding t the text, Mrse cde
A. is still widely used nwadays
B. was invented t replace the telephne
C. changed lng-distance cmmunicatin
D. can hardly be used in nisy envirnments
55. David, wh is learning Mrse Cde, wants t write “hi” in Mrse cde. Which f the fllwing is crrect?
Yu undubtedly were asked ,“what d yu want t be when yu grw up?” when yu were a yung child. Dn't wrry! Nbdy actually expected yu t start career planning at the kindergarten (幼儿园) stage.
Hwever, the timing f care er planning matters a lt. While n age is ever t late t start making prgress tward the career f yur dreams, it is better t start tday instead f tmrrw. Planning yur career early enugh cmes with many advantages, frm preparing yu fr challenges ahead t giving yu much-needed experience.
Then ▲ ? A gd first step is t perfrm a self evaluatin Make a list f yur strngest skills and interests. Then, clse yur eyes and imagine yur ideal day at wrk. Wuld it be peaceful r challenging? Wuld yu like t wrk with yung peple? Animals? Cmputers? When yu imagine yur future, what des it include? These questins can help yu fcus and narrw dwn yur chices. Yu shuld als cnsider factrs beynd persnal preferences. Fr example, what qualificatins ( 资格) are required t enter the field? If yu dn't yet have the qualificatins r experience that yu need, what educatin d yu need t prepare yurself?
Regardless f where yu're at whether yu get gd grades in exams r nt higher educatin gives yu the shes t take that next step. Because yu're equipped with practical skills and knwledge thrugh educatin, and educatin is always smething that emplyers( 雇 主) like t see. On tp f that, by gaining additinal skills in cmmunicatin and prblem slving and achieving yur gals, yu can als increase yur cnfidence. And studies have shwn that greater cnfidence leads t greater career prgress.
56 The questin at the beginning f the text helps readers
A. think f an answer B. be better questiners
C. imprve their thinking D. understand the tpic better
57 The writer advises us t start planning ur career
A. as early as pssible B. befre entering the wrkplace
C. during high schl D. after receiving higher educatin
58 Which f the fllwing can be put in the ▲ in Paragraph 3?
A. when t start career planning B. hw t make a care er plan
C. what t prepare fr yur study D. wh t wrk and study with
59. What des “the shes” refer t in Paragraph 4?
A. Exams and grades. B. Skills and knwledge.
C. Gals and prgress. D. Fashin and cnfidence.
60 The text is mst prbably written t
A. children at the kindergarten B. ld men with lts f wrk experience
C. emplyers in the cmpanies D. teenagers at schl r just finished schl
D
Mst mdern cities have taken actin t reduce traffic jams ( 交通阻塞) and imprve air quality. But if they want t becme mre livable, they shuld think abut mre ambitius gals.
Amsterdam, the Dutch capital, has set a gd example. It has planned t ban (禁止) gasline and diesel vehicles, leaving nly electric nes by 2030. The ban is part f the Clean Air Actin Plan. The plan started in 2020 when all diesel cars built befre 2005 were banned frm entering the city center. In 2022, public buses that cause pllutin were banned. Finally all vehicles that use engines pwered by gasline and diesel will n lnger be allwed int the city by 2030.
The advantages f such bans are clear. Traffic jams waste large amunts f fuel and time each year. Pllutin frm cars makes climate change mre serius. It is als bad fr peple's health. Amsterdam's gvernment says car pllutin reduces the life expectancy f its citizens (市民) by mre than a year.
But will everyne supprt such plan? Fr mst peple, giving up driving means life will becme less cnvenient. Perhaps Amsterdam can help make this change t electric cars easier. Fr example, it can think abut imprving public transprtatin. It can als create a larger number f attractive public spaces fr pedestrians. Peple wh drive electric cars may be given discunts (折扣) n parking fees. And it can be mre pen t new ways f getting arund, such as bike-sharing.
Saying n t nn-electric vehicles is hard. But let's think seriusly abut ur wellbeing and that f ur planet. Making ur cities mre livable has t becme an urgent gal.
61. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. Take actin t reduce traffic jams
B. The advantages f reducing traffic jams
C. Ways f banning nn-electric vehicles
D. Say n t nn-electric vehicles
62. Which f the fllwing have already been banned in Amsterdam?
A. Electric cars. B. Gasline cars built befre 2005.
C. Nn-electric cars. D. Public buses that cause pllutin.
63 The writer suggests Amsterdam help its citizens t accept the plan by
①imprving bus and subway services
②giving electric car buyers sme discunts
③allwing electric car drivers t park fr free
④intrducing bike-sharing and ther new ways t get arund
A.①③ B.①④ C.②④ D.②③
64. What can we infer frm the text?
A. Amsterdam is banning nn-electric vehicles step by step.
B. Mst peple in Amsterdam speak in supprt f the vehicle ban.
C. Life expectancy f Amsterdam citizens is shrter than that in 2020.
D. There are fewer public spaces fr pedestrians in Amsterdam than befre.
65. Which is the right structure (结构) f the text? (①= Para. 1 ②= Para. 2 )
第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。(共5小题； 每小题1分，满分5分)
E
Hw t Run fr Class President
Sme high schls have a grup called student gvernment 66 Just as with a real gvernment, a student gvernment ften has a president. Students vte (投票) t decide which ne is the mst suitable fr the jb. If yu are interested in becming a class president, here are a few tips:
* 67
Being class president can be a difficult jb. It might mean ging t many meetings and wrking with students and teachers. If yu are dedicated (专注的), thers will ntice!
*Be nice t classmates.
As a class president, yu will have t wrk with many peple. Students and teachers shuld feel that yu are a gd persn t wrk with 68 It will pay ff!
*Reflect n yur strengths and weaknesses.
Think abut what makes yu unique and what yu are gd at 69 Examining bth yur strengths and weaknesses helps yu fcus n what yu can ffer yur classmates.
* Make and hang psters arund the schl.
Make sure yur psters are interesting and eye catching 70 Yu can als write ut yur slgan and a few campaign pints. Print ut a bunch f psters and hang them arund yur schl.
A. Make sure yu want the jb.
B. Shw that yu can be pleasant and friendly.
C. Als cnsider what yu culd imprve upn.
D. It is made up f students wh help t make rules fr the whle schl.
E. They shuld shw yur name and the reasns why students shuld vte fr yu.
2023年福建省福州市中考一模英语试题
七、阅读单选
Wrd bank: fabric面料；sweat 出汗；extra额外的
Review★★★★★
Jenny (age: 25-30):
I bught tw pairs f yga pants last mnth. I can’t get enugh f them.
I have been wearing them nt nly t yga classes but als everywhere.
I want t buy tw mre pairs and then I can wear them every day.
Review★★★★
Brian (age: 18-24):
I bught the pants fr my cusin, Kayla. She lves them s much. The new fabric is s sft and cmfrtable. She said that she was ging t buy anther new pair f these yga pants fr herself but the nly cmplaint is that, we bth think they are a bit t expensive.
Review ★
Ruby (age: 31-35):
I have always lved t buy pants, frm yu, but this time, I can’t be mre disappinted. I wre my red yga pants nce and put them in the washing machine. I did use the cld water t wash them but all my ther clthes became pink. I wn’t buy them again.
46．What des this website sell?
A．Nulu fabric.B．Yga classes.
C．Washing machines.D．Yga pants.
47．The gds are special fr their _________.
A．styleB．clrC．sizeD．material
48．Jenny says “I can’t get enugh f them.” t shw that she _________.
A．has a lt f themB．wants mre f them
C．n lnger needs themD．has n mney fr them
49．What may Kayla say t the seller when she buys the gds?
A．The styles are t bringB．Can they be a little cheaper?
C．They are fr my cusin.D．Are they made f the new fabric?
50．Frm the text, we can knw that Ruby _________.
A．thinks the pants are f pr quality
B．desn’t like washing clthes by hand
C．feels disappinted at the style f the pants
D．desn’t read the instructins f the pants
At the age f 5, Laura Lee develped what mst peple wuld cnsider a strange hbby—cllecting tilet rlls (卫生纸筒), which finally became a natinwide recycling mvement in Singapre.
In 2018, 15-year-ld Laura started TiletRllSG, with the gal f cllecting ne tn f tilet rlls within a year. Abut tw years later, Laura cllected 860 kilgrams. Besides, Laura went int partnership with waste management cmpany Velia. Fr every kilgram cllected, the cmpany gave 5 cents in return, and then Laura dnated (捐赠) the mney t supprt scial causes. That has encuraged many mre students t jin her. As a main rganizer, she received a gvernmental EcFriend Award in 2021.
When asked why she became interested in cllecting tilet rlls, Laura explains, “They are cnvenient t cllect, because they are made f nly ne material. Things like pens are mre difficult t recycle, because they are made up f many different materials, which requires mre resurces t separate.” She hpes this mvement will help encurage yung peple t cut dwn n the use f these single-use things, which will create a ripple effect (连锁反应).
What’s mre, Laura ften gives public speeches abut recycling at lcal schls. But because f COVID-19, she has t give up face-t-face cmmunicatin, and instead uses the Internet t call attentin t different envirnmental issues. “Start small, be-kind, and knw that yur actins g a lng way,” Laura states.
51．What did mst peple first think f Laura’s hbby?
A．Creative.B．Expensive.C．Interesting.D．Strange.
52．Hw ld was she when Laura wn the EcFriend Award?
A．Five.B．Fifteen.C．Eighteen.D．Twenty-ne.
53．Why did Laura becme interested in cllecting tilet rlls?
A．Because it culd help her earn mney fr her study.
B．Because it culd make her an rganizer and famus.
C．Because tilet rlls are easier t cllect and separate.
D．Because tilet rlls can be reused, recycled and resld.
54．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t this text?
A．In 2020, Laura succeeded in the gal f creating TiletRllSG.
B．This recycling mvement hasn’t been accepted by the public yet.
C．The mney Laura gt frm Velia was given away t scial causes.
D．Because f COVID-19, Laura gave up the issues and had nline classes.
55．What can we learn frm Laura’s stry?
A．A hbby can als play a big rle.
B．The path t success is nt always smth.
C．Prtecting the envirnment isn’t ur business.
D．One tree can nt make a frest.
Yu prbably have the childhd memries f watching the Slinky walk its way dwn the stairs. The helical (螺旋形的) spring ty was invented by Richard James in 1943. While James was testing ways t keep equipment safe n the U. S. Navy Ships, ne f the springs fell and began t “walk”. Seeing the spring can be marketed as a ty, he tk the idea hme t his wife Betty, wh named it the Slinky after lking thrugh a dictinary.
In 1945, James perfected the design f the Slinky, which was abut 24 metres f wire shaped int a helical five centimetre-tall spring. The new prduct was a hit: By the end f the 1945 hliday seasn 22, 000 Slinkys had been sld. It went n t becme the must-have ty f the mid t late 20th century. Many reasns have been given fr the Slinky’s ppularity: “It’s cheap.” “It teaches kids physics.” “Children lve simple things.” and s n.
As a child, making a Slinky step perfectly frm the tp f the stairs t the bttm is exciting. The Slinky gets its “walking” ability frm tw prperties: wave mtins and Newtn’s laws. Sitting at the tp f the stairs, the Slinky remains-unchanged, like all bjects that are nt being mved by ther frces. When the Slinky is kncked ff the first step, gravity acts upn its cil. Then energy is transferred (传递) frm cil t cil until it arrives at the end f the slinky, which makes it stretch t reach the next step dwn, refrm itself, then stretch again t reach the next step, and s n.
56．In which part f a newspaper can yu read the text?
A．Art.B．Nature.C．Inventin.D．Culture.
57．What can we knw abut James accrding t the text?
A．He discvered the Slinky by chance.
B．He lked thrugh a dictinary t name the ty.
C．He tested the springs t keep the equipment safe.
D．He changed the shape f the Slinky in 1945.
58．Which f the fllwing made the Slinky ppular accrding t the text?
A．High technlgy.B．Lw price.
C．Hliday seasns.D．Funny shapes.
59．What des the underlined wrd “cil” mean in the text?
A．柱子B．线圈C．底座D．铁链
60．What’s the main idea f the last paragraph?
A．The physics f a Slinky.B．The prcess f energy transference.
C．The imprtance f gravity.D．The science prject abut Newtn’s laws.
In 2021, the net ppulatin grwth (人口净增长) f China was nly 480, 000, the lwest ver the last 60 years. And all the signs shw that China will see negative ppulatin grwth in the near future. It has t be pinted ut that China is still a develping cuntry, and negative ppulatin grwth in mst cases has happened in the develped cuntries.
Nw, what is urgent(紧急的) fr ur plicymakers is t deal with the decreasing ppulatin grwth, because ur cuntry still needs labr t keep grwth. Our cuntry’s pr-birth plicies are underdevelped nw, and they d nt match the need t encurage wmen t have babies. Cnsidering this, the Natinal Health Cmmissin has made every effrt t imprve public childcare services, intrduce mre hlidays and make the hliday system mre flexible (灵活的) and strictly carried ut. But that’s far frm enugh t deal with the rt causes f the prblem.
In the first place, exrbitant husing prices and underdevelped public rental husing system have brught dwn the marriage rate in the cuntry. Secnd, the huses in the cmmunities near the prestigius schls aren’t affrdable fr a cmmn family. As a result, it has becme increasingly difficult fr children frm lw-incme (收入) families t receive a gd educatin. Als, the quality f labr and prductin efficiency are hard t imprve with-educatin resurces becming mre exclusive (独有的) t the rich.
Besides, the shrtage f a mature business envirnment and an unfair distributin f wealth als bring frward ur cuntry’s decreasing ppulatin grwth.
Since we have fund ut these prblems, what shuld we d next?
61．Which picture best explains the first tw sentences in Paragraph 1?
A．B．
C．D．
62．In Paragraph 3, which wrd means “famus”?
A．Exrbitant.B．Underdevelped.C．Prestigius.D．Affrdable.
63．What will be mst prbably intrduced next?
A．The measures China will take t slve the ppulatin grwth prblem.
B．The time when ur cuntry’s ppulatin grwth prblem will be slved.
C．The prblems that ur cuntry will face if the ppulatin grwth is negative.
D．The advantages and disadvantages that the lw ppulatin grwth brings.
64．Which f the fllwing shws the structure f the passage? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2...)
A．B．
C．D．
65．Hw des the writer feel when writing this article?
A．Excited.B．Wrried.C．Prud.D．Angry.
八、阅读还原5选5
Humans have been staring up at Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn fr thusands f years. ____66____ They nticed that each planet had a different characteristic. They mapped the planets’ mvements and named them after the gds frm their mythlgy (神话).
Mercury, is the clsest planet t the Sun. ____67____ S the Rmans named it after the gd wh carries messages.
Venus shines the brightest in the night sky. That’s why the Rmans gave it the name f their gddess f lve and beauty. Mars was named after the Rman gd f war fr its red clr.
____68____ Therefre, the Rmans gave it the name f the king f their gds. They then named its neighbring ringed planet Saturn after the king’s father.
The practice f using stries frm mythlgy t name bjects in the sky caught n. When William Herschel discvered Uranus in 1781, he wanted t name it after the English king, Gerge III. ____69____ The name came frm Ourans, the Greek gd f the sky.
Decades later. Jhann Galle discvered the eighth planet. When they saw the planet’s blue tint, the astrnmers named it Neptune after the Rman gd f the sea.
Hw abut ur Earth? Yu wn’t find any Greek r Rman gds with that name. “Earth” actually came frm ld English and Germanic wrds, meaning “grund”. ____70____
A．The name is pretty fitting, right?
B．Hwever, thers decided t call it Uranus.
C．Ancient Rmans paid a lt f attentin t them.
D．Jupiter is the largest planet in the slar system.
E．It appeared t mve faster than the thers.
2022年福建省福州市中考一模英语试题
七、阅读单选
46．The activity will take place ________.
A．in summerB．in the mrmingC．n weekdaysD．n Christmas Day
47．The underlined wrd “venue” means ________ .
A．集合点B．目的地C．交通方式D．活动安排
48．Wh will be interested in this activity?
A．A girl wh wants t climb up Munt Gu.
B．A by wh wants t be an envirnmental vlunteer.
C．A wman wh likes cllecting free plastic bags.
D．A man wh likes wearing sprts shes.
49．If yu want t jin in the activity, ________ .
A．yu need take yur wn glves
B．Wang Fang will take yu t Munt Gu
C．yu can call 87332556 fr mre infrmatin
D．Cuncil’s Waste Educatin will prvide suitable clthing.
50．Which picture best matches the theme(主题) f this activiin?
A．B．C．D．
Ruby is ding a research these days. Belw are sme pieces f infrmatin she has cllected.
In English, we use the prnun it t call a bridge, a chair, r anything withut life. But in Spanish, peple use the prnun el (he) fr a bridge, and ella (she) fr a chair; in German, hwever, the prnun fr a bridge is sie (she), and a chair er (he). When they are asked what they think f a bridge, Spanish speakers think f it as “strng” and German speakers think f it as “pretty”.
Like Spanish and German, French als uses different prnuns fr things withut life. Fr example, in French, a “bridge” is a “fhe”, and a “chair” is a “she”, just like in Spanish. Hwever, these tw languages d nt always agree with each ther n prnuns. In Spanish, a frk is a “he”, but in French, a frk is a “she”. Here, French shares the same idea with German.
Kuuk Thaayrre is a language spken in Prmpuraaw, Australia. This language des nt have wrds that mean “right,” “left,” r “behind”. When Kuuk Thaayrre speakers need t say where things are, they will say smething like “There’s a snake t the suth f yu,” r “The glass is suthwest f the bwl.” Kuuk Thaayrre speakers can always tell where east, west, suth, and nrth are, even in places they’ve never been.
51．Accrding t Paragraph 2, which f the fllwing is crrect?
A．
B．
C．
D．
52．Which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A．Like German speakers, French speakers might think f a chair as “pretty”.
B．Like Spanish speakers, French speakers might think f a bridge as “pretty”.
C．Like German speakers, French speakers might think f a chair as “strng”.
D．Like Spanish speakers, French speakers might think f a bridge as “strng”.
53．In German, the prnun fr a frk is ________.
A．elB．ellaC．sieD．er
54．What can we learn abut Kuuk Thaayrre?
A．It is widely spken in Australia.B．It has a larger vcabulary than English.
C．Its speakers have a strng sense f directin.D．Its grammar is difficult t learn.
55．After ding the research, Ruby may prbably agree that ________.
A．a language changes when its speakers change their way f thinking.
B．speakers f different languages may see the wrld in different ways.
C．a gd way t learn a language is t live in the cuntry where it is spken.
D．peple wh speak the same language may still fail t understand each ther.
Smebdy called Mm. It was smebdy frm schl. I didn’t really catch the name. I said my mm was mwing the lawn(草坪), and s the lady asked if I culd take a message. I said, “Sure”.
Then, she started talking abut cakes and Thursday after schl and I said, “Sure, cakes are great.” I was trying t get my math hmewrk dne because Rij was waiting fr me next dr. Then, the lady said smething abut the headmaster and I said, “Sure, I knw,” because everyne knws the headmaster. Finally, she stpped talking and said, “Okay?”
I said; “Okay,” and then remembered t say, “Thank yu fr calling,” just like Mm taught me. Then, I hung up, finished my math and headed fr Raj’s huse.
I didn’t remember the call until the next mrning at breakfast. “Oh, yu had a call yesterday while yu were mwing the lawn, Mm.”
“Oh? Wh was it, Kyle?” she said, between tast bites.
Unhh. Think, think. “It was abut Thursday after schl,” I said, annuncing the nly detail I culd remember.
“What abut it?” Mm was getting a little angry. I knew I had t deal with this well.
“There’s a bake sale. The headmaster was asking fr stuff,” I felt gd abut remembering the headmaster.
Well, t make a lng stry shrt, it was the president f the PTO(家校共建会) wh had called. Accrding t Mm, the lady was very imprtant. She was asking if Mm culd bake a cake fr the headmaster because they were ging t surprise him fr his birthday.
Mm shwed up n Thursday after schl with a little plate f ckies, thinking there was a bake sale. Mrs. Essman lked at her like she was frm Mars and asked where the cake was. Of curse, Mm didn’t knw anything abut a cake r a birthday r anything. Nw, I was in the dghuse, and my brther and I had t learn telephne manners frm Mm.
56．What was Kyle ding when he was answering the telephne?
A．He was mwing the lawn.B．He was making a cake.
C．He was ding his hmewrk.D．He was waiting fr Raj.
57．The next mrning, Kyle ________.
A．annunced his plan fr ThursdayB．frgt t give the message t his mm
C．shwed up at the headmaster’s birthday partyD．remembered the call but nt all the details
58．When Mrs. Essman saw Kyle’s mm, she was ________.
A．thankfulB．disappintedC．excitedD．sad
59．The telephne manners in the last sentence refers t ________.
A．intrducing yurself prperlyB．ending the cnversatin plitely
C．listening actively and taking ntesD．greeting the caller in a friendly way
60．We can infer (推断) frm the text that ________.
A．the PTO had a bake sale n Thursday as plannedB．Mm called t ask fr details befre Thursday
C．Mrs. Essman made a cake fr the headmasterD．Kyle learned a lessn frm the experience
When yu are at the beach and stay fr a few hurs, yu may ntice that the water level f the sea r cean is rising r falling. This change in sea level happens as the tide (潮汐) ges in and ut.
Tides are caused by the effect f the mn’s gravity n the earth, and t a lesser extent, the sun’s gravity. Even thugh the sun is much bigger than the mn and the earth, it is very far away s the tides n earth are mstly affected by the mn.
The earth’s surface is 70% cvered in water. The gravity f the mn creates a pull n the side f the earth clsest t it. This pull creates a “bulge”f water n the side f the earth the mn is clsest t. This is what we call “high tide”. As well as the side clsest t the mn having high tides, the ppsite side f the earth des t. The sides nt experiencing the “bulge” are experiencing what we call “lw tides.” Since the mn ges arund the earth, high and lw tides fllw the mvement f the mn.
Tw high tides and tw lw tides ccur(出现) every 24 hurs. Fast mvement f water during the inflw and utflw can prvide a surce f renewable energy. When the water ges ut t sea signaling a lw tide, it washes away garbage and pllutin frm the land. Scientists are able t predict when high and lw tides will happen, which is very imprtant because sme ships cannt dck n land when there is a lw tide. The predictability (可预测性) f the tides is very imprtant fr fishermen as well. High tides bring fish clser t land s peple can catch fish faster and easier.
61．The mn has a greater effect n the earth’s water than the sun because f ________.
A．the distanceB．the sizeC．the heatD．the mvement
62．The underlined wrd “bulge” means ________ .
A．蒸发B．膨胀C．凝固D．渗透
63．Which picture best illustrates (图解) Paragraph 3?
A．B．
C．D．
64．If the writer wants t add sme material n hw tides affeet the weather, he had better put it in ________.
A．Paragraph 1B．Paragraph2C．Paragraph3D．Paragraph 4
65．The structure (结构) f the text is _________ .
(① = Para.1 ② = Para.2 ③ = Para.3 ④ = Para.4)
A．B．
C．D．
八、阅读还原5选5
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。
When it cmes t chsing yur seat in class, where will yu chse t sit in the classrm? ____66____ Let’s see what kind f student yu are.
Frnt Rw
If yu chse the frnt rw, yu lve schl. ____67____ Yu enjy yurself in class. T get gd grades, yu dn’t mind ding a lt f hmewrk!
Middle Rw
Yu are an rdinary: student. Yu aren’t the best student, but yu aren’t the wrst, either. Yu dn’t care abut getting gd grades. ____68____
Back Rw
Thugh yu sit in the back, yu might plan t pay attentin t learning. Yu dn’t like t many peple t sit behind yu, and that’s why yu sit in the back. ____69____Yu are a cl student t be arund.
Back Rw Against the Wall
____70____Yu might plan t cpy thers’ hmewrk in class because yu stayed up playing nline games the night befre. Yu dn’t like schl because yu get pr grades.
A．Yu dn’t want t learn at all.
B．The seat says a lt abut yu.
C．T pass the test is enugh fr yu.
D．Yu are as gd as the students in the frnt.
E．Yu want yur teacher t knw yu and like yu.
答案：
2024年福建省福州市中考一模英语试题
46-50 ACDCB
【导语】本文是快乐城市旅游巴士变更的通知。
【小题46】细节理解题。根据“With the rising price f il, Happy City Tur Bus will start t run n weekends nly. ”可知，快乐城市旅游巴士因为油价上涨而改变。故选A。
【小题47】推理判断题。根据“Happy City Tur Bus will start t g t Springland, Winterland and Summerland. Als, yu can still get ff at Wdfield and Tea field like befre. If yu wuld like t g muntain climbing n Muntain Gchi, the nearest stp t get ff is Flwerfield. Yu dn't have t walk far away frm Grassfield like befre. ”可知，快乐城市观光巴士将开始前往Springland、Winter land和Summerland。此外，您还可以像以前一样在Wdfield和Teafield下车。如果你想去Gchi山爬山，最近的下车站是Flwerfield。你不需要像以前那样从Grassfield走很远。AD选项没有在Wdfield有下车点，B选项没有在Tea field有下车点，只有C选项符合，故选C。
【小题48】细节理解题。根据地图可知，如果莎莉下星期天想去Gchi山，最近的一站是Flwerfield。故选D。
【小题49】细节理解题。根据“The changes abve will begin next Sunday. ”可知，下周日开始，结合“Sunday, January 28”可知，今天是1月28日，周日，下周日就是2月4日，故选C。
【小题50】推理判断题。文章是快乐城市旅游巴士变更的通知，故选B。
51-55 CAACC
【导语】本文主要介绍了摩斯密码。
【小题51】词义猜测题。根据"gt a simple cde"和“gt a lnger and mre cmplex cde”可知，和简单相对应的是长而复杂，故选C。
【小题52】推理判断题。根据"The very first message using Mrse cde was sent by Samuel Mrse, ne f its inventrs, t Alfred Vail n May 24th, 1844"可知，1844年5月24日，摩斯密码的发明者之一Samuel Mrse向Alfred Vail发送了第一条使用摩斯密码的信息。所以摩斯密码是在19世纪40年代投入使用的。故选A。
【小题53】推理判断题。根据"Mrse cde is a highly dependable cmmunicatin methd, even in difficult and nisy envirnments. It can be sent by sunds, light, r ther unexpected ways. ”可知，摩斯密码是一种高度可靠的通信方式，即使在困难和嘈杂的环境中也是如此。它可以通过声音、光或其他意想不到的方式发送。所以提到Dentn的故事是为了展示摩斯密码在困难的情况下是如何工作的。故选A。
【小题54】细节理解题。根据“Frm then n, the way t cmmunicate with peple in far-ff places was changed. ”可知，摩斯密码改变了远距离通信的情况，故选C。
【小题55】推理判断题。根据"Letters used ften(such as 'E')gt a simple cde, while thse nt ften used (such as 'Q")gt a lnger and mre cmplex cde. ”可知，经常使用的字母(如“E”)有一个简单的代码，而那些不经常使用的字母(如“Q”)有一个更长更复杂的代码。结合“Mrse cde (摩斯密码) is a system f cmmunicatin that uses dts (shrt marks), dashes (lng marks), and spaces t represent (代表)the letters, numbers, and punctuatin"和图例可知，摩斯密码用点、破折号、空格来代表字母，H用4个点“●●●●”表示，I用两个点“●●”表示。故选C。
56-60 DABBD
【导语】本文主要介绍了如何制定职业规划。
【小题56】推理判断题。根据"Nbdy actually expected yu t start career planning at the kindergarten(幼儿园)stage. Hwever, the timing f career planning matters a lt. ”可知，作者开头提出问题是为了帮助读者更好地理解文章主题，故选D。
【小题57】细节理解题。根据"While n age is ever t late t start making prgress tward the career f yur dreams, it is better t start tday instead f tmrrw. Planning yur career early enugh cmes with many advantages, frm preparing yu fr challenges ahead t giving yu much-needed experience. ”可知，尽可能早地开始职业规划，故选A。
【小题58】细节理解题。根据“A gd first step is t perfrm a self-evaluatin”可知，第三段主要讲解如何制定职业计划，故选B。
【小题59】词义猜测题。根据“Because yu're equipped with practical skills and knwledge thrugh educatin, and educatin is always smething that emplyers(雇主)like t see”可知，因为你通过教育掌握了实用技能和知识，而教育总是雇主喜欢看到的，所以the shes指的是“实用技能和知识”, 故选B。
【小题60】推理判断题。根据"If yu dn't yet have the qualificatins r experience that yu need, what educatin d yu need t prepare yurself?”及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了如何制定职业规划。所以文章可能是写给正在上学或刚毕业的青少年，故选D。
61-65 DDBAB
【导语】本文主要介绍了阿姆斯特丹对使用汽油和柴油发动机的车辆的禁令以及电动汽车的好处。
【小题61】最佳标题题。根据"Saying n t nn-electric vehicles is hard. But let's think seriusly abut ur well-being and that f ur planet. Making ur cities mre livable has t becme an urgent gal. "和文章可知，本文主要介绍了阿姆斯特丹对使用汽油和柴油发动机的车辆的禁令以及电动汽车的好处，所以D选项符合，故选D。
【小题62】细节理解题。根据“In 2022, public buses that cause pllutin were banned. ”可知，造成污染的公共巴士被禁止使用，故选D。
【小题63】细节理解题。根据“Perhaps Amsterdam can help make this change t electric cars easier. Fr example, it can think abut imprving public transprtatin"和“And it can be mre pen t new ways f getting arund, such as bike-sharing. ”可知，①④属于作者的建议，故选B。
【小题64】推理判断题。根据“In 2022, public buses that cause pllutin were banned. Finally all vehicles that use engines pwered by gasline and diesel will n lnger be allwed int the city by 2030. ”可知，022年，造成污染的公共巴士被禁止使用。最后，到2030年，所有使用汽油和柴油发动机的车辆将不再被允许进入该市。可推断阿姆斯特丹正在逐步禁止非电动汽车。故选A。
【小题65】篇章结构题。文章第一段讲述大多数现代城市已经采取行动减少交通堵塞，改善空气质量。第二段到第四段讲述了阿姆斯特丹对非电动汽车的禁令。第五段是作者的总结。故选B。
66-70 DABCE
【导语】本文主要介绍了关于竞选的一些意见。
【小题66】根据"Sme high schls have a grup called student gvernment"以及“Just as with a real gvernment, a student gvernment ften has a president. ”可知，此处应在描述学生会具体是什么样子的，选项D“它由学生组成，学生帮忙为整个学校制定规章。”符合语境。故选D。
【小题67】根据"It might mean ging t many meetings and wrking with students and teachers. If yu are dedicated (专注的), thers will ntice!”可知，只有自己想要做这份工作才能坚持下去，才能被别人注意到。选项A“确保你想要这份工作。”符合语境。故选A。
【小题68】根据"*Be nice t classmates. ”可知，本段是关于要友好地对待同学的相关内容，选项B“展示你可以很友善友好“符合语境。故选B。
【小题69】根据“Think abut what makes yu unique and what yu are gd at"以及“Examining bth yur strengths and weaknesses helps yu fcus n what yu can ffer yur classmates. ”可知，考虑自己的优缺点，考虑有什么可以改善提高的地方才可以让你更专注向同学提供服务。选项C“也要考虑你可以改善的地方”符合语境。故选C。
【小题70】根据"Make and hang psters arund the schl. ”可知，本段是关于如何制作竞选海报的内容，选项E“它们应该展示出你的名字和学生应该为你投票的原因。”符合语境。故选E。
2023年福建省福州市中考一模英语试题
46．D 47．D 48．B 49．B 50．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了一种新型材料制作的瑜伽裤，并介绍了不同年龄段的人对这种裤子的看法。
46．推理判断题。根据“These light pants make yu mve freely.”并结合文章可知，本文主要介绍了一种新型裤子。故选D。
47．推理判断题。根据“These pants are made fr yga. The fabric we use is called ‘Nulu TM’ which keeps yu cmfrtable when yu sweat.”可知，这种裤子是一种叫做“NuluTM”的面料制作的，能在出汗时让人保持舒服。故选D。
48．推理判断题。根据“I have been wearing them nt nly t yga classes but als everywhere.”可知，Jenny对于这种瑜伽裤很满意，一直穿着。因此可以推断此处想表达“想多买几件”。故选B。
49．推理判断题。根据“we bth think they are a bit t expensive.”可知，我们都觉得有点贵，因此可以推断当Kayla买的时候会砍价。故选B。
50．细节理解题。根据“I did use the cld water t wash them but all my ther clthes became pink. I wn’t buy them again.”可知，Ruby是对裤子的质量不满意。故选A。
51．D 52．C 53．C 54．C 55．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了Laura把自己的爱好发展成了新加坡全国性的活动。
51．细节理解题。根据“Laura Lee develped what mst peple wuld cnsider a strange hbby”可知大多数人认为Laura的爱好比较奇怪，故选D。
52．推理判断题。根据“In 2018, 15-year-ld Laura started TiletRllSG”和“As a main rganizer, she received a gvernmental EcFriend Award in 2021.”可知Laura获得“环保朋友奖”的时候是18岁，故选C。
53．细节理解题。根据“They are cnvenient t cllect, because they are made f nly ne material. Things like pens are mre difficult t recycle, because they are made up f many different materials, which requires mre resurces t separate”可知是因为卫生纸筒容易收集和分离，故选C。
54．推理判断题。根据“Fr every kilgram cllected, the cmpany gave 5 cents in return, and then Laura dnated (捐赠) the mney t supprt scial causes.”可知Laura把Velia给的钱捐给了社会事业，故选C。
55．推理判断题。根据“At the age f 5, Laura Lee develped…finally became a natinwide recycling mvement in Singapre.”以及下文详细叙述的内容可知，Laura把一个爱好发展成了事业，在社会上起了很重要的作用，故选A。
56．C 57．A 58．B 59．B 60．A
【导语】本文主要讲魔术弹簧的发明过程。
56．推理判断题。根据“The helical (螺旋形的) spring ty was invented by Richard James in 1943.”可知这是一个发明，应出现在“Inventin”一栏。故选C。
57．细节理解题。根据“While James was testing ways t keep equipment safe n the U. S. Navy Ships, ne f the springs fell and began t ‘walk’. Seeing the spring can be marketed as a ty, he tk the idea hme t his wife Betty, wh named it the Slinky after lking thrugh a dictinary”可知James是在船上做测试时发现魔术弹簧可以“走路”的，因此发明是意外发现的。故选A。
58．细节理解题。根据“‘It’s cheap.’ ‘It teaches kids physics.’ ‘Children lve simple things.’ and s n.”可知魔术弹簧的流行是因为价格便宜，教会孩子物理知识，简单等。故选B。
59．词义猜测题。根据“When the Slinky is kncked ff the first step, gravity acts upn its cil. Then energy is transferred (传递) frm cil t cil until it arrives at the end f the slinky”可知当弹簧开始一步一步下去时，重力从它的线圈一层层传递下去直到弹簧的底部，故“cil”表示“线圈”。故选B。
60．段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，本段主要介绍魔术弹簧的物理知识，与之相关的是A项，故选A。
61．D 62．C 63．A 64．D 65．B
【导语】本文主要讲中国人口增长缓慢的原因。
61．细节理解题。根据“In 2021, the net ppulatin grwth (人口净增长) f China was nly 480, 000, the lwest ver the last 60 years. And all the signs shw that China will see negative ppulatin grwth in the near future.”可知中国人口在2021年只增长了480, 000，在不久的将来人口增长率还将变成负值。结合图表可知D项符合题意。故选D。
62．推理判断题。根据“Secnd, the huses in the cmmunities near the prestigius schls aren’t affrdable fr a cmmn family. As a result, it has becme increasingly difficult fr children frm lw-incme (收入) families t receive a gd educatin.”可知名校附近的房子对于普通家庭来说是支付不起的，故“prestigius”表示“著名的”。故选C。
63．细节理解题。根据“Since we have fund ut these prblems, what shuld we d next?”可知文章最后提出问题，故接下来要就问题进行回答，即如何解决以上提出的问题，要给出措施。故选A。
64．篇章结构题。第一段提出人口增长率缓慢的问题；第二段提到提高人口增长率的重要性；第三四段具体讲人口增长率缓慢的根本原因，一个是房价，一个是教育，还有商业环境及贫富差距；最后一段结尾，引出解决措施。故本文结构是①/②/③④/⑤。故选D。
65．推理判断题。根据“But that’s far frm enugh t deal with the rt causes f the prblem.”及作者列出的几个原因表明作者对人口增加率是比较担忧的。故选B。
66．C 67．E 68．D 69．B 70．A
【导语】本文主要是介绍几个行星名字的由来。
66．根据空格下文“They nticed that each planet had a different characteristic.”可知人类观察了行星很久，选项C“古罗马人非常关注它们。”符合题意，故选C。
67．根据“Mercury, is the clsest planet t the Sun…S the Rmans named it after the gd wh carries messages.”可知水星离太阳最近，又以传送信息的上帝命名，可推测水星的移动速度应该也快，选项E“它似乎比其他的行星移动得更快。”符合题意，故选E。
68．根据“Therefre, the Rmans gave it the name f the king f their gds.”可知众神之王意味着可能是最大的行星，选项D“木星是太阳系中最大的行星。”符合题意，故选D。
69．根据“When William Herschel discvered Uranus in 1781”和“The name came frm Ourans, the Greek gd f the sky.”可知空格处在讲关于天王星的事，选项B“然而，其他人决定称之为天王星。”符合题意，故选B。
70．根据“‘Earth’ actually came frm ld English and Germanic wrds, meaning ‘grund’.”可知地球的意思是地面，可推测空格处是对地球名字的看法，选项A“这个名字很合适，对吧？”符合题意，故选A。
2022年福建省福州市中考一模英语试题
46．B 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了这是一个通知，关于自愿参加捡垃圾的活动，提到了集合的时间，场地及注意事项。
46．细节理解题。根据文中“Time:Sunday,6 March 9:00am-11:30am”可知，这个活动的时间是在上午。故选B。
47．词句猜测题。根据文中“ Exit B, Gushan Statin Fuzhu Subway Line 2”可知，Venue在这里的意思是“集合点”。故选A。
48．细节理解题。根据文中“When the rubbish is gne, nature can carry n. If yu lve Munt Gu, jin us and clean it up!”及“All are welcme t attend.”可知，一个想成为环保志愿者的男孩。故选B。
49．细节理解题。根据文中“Fr mre infrmatin cntact Cuncil’s Waste Educatin Officer Wang Fang n 87332556”可知，如果你想参加这个活动，你可以拨打87332556寻求更多的信息。故选C。
50．细节理解题。通读整篇短文可知，这篇短文主要是呼吁志愿者主动去捡垃圾的活动，图片D符合题意，故选D。
51．A 52．D 53．C 54．C 55．B
【导语】本文是Ruby做的一项研究。最终她认为不同语言的人可能会以不同的方式看待世界。
51．细节理解题。根据“But in Spanish, peple use the prnun el (he) fr a bridge, and ella (she) fr a chair; in German, hwever, the prnun fr a bridge is sie (she), and a chair er (he).”可知，但在西班牙语中，人们用代词el（他）表示桥，用ella（她）表示椅子；然而，在德语中，桥的代词是sie（她），椅子是er（他）。因此选项A正确。故选A。
52．细节理解题。根据“When they are asked what they think f a bridge, Spanish speakers think f it as “strng” .”和“Fr example, in French, a “bridge” is a “fhe”, and a “chair” is a “she”, just like in Spanish. ”可知，说法语和西班牙语的人都可能会认为桥梁“坚固”。故选D。
53．推理判断题。根据“but in French, a frk is a “she”. Here, French shares the same idea with German.”以及“in German, hwever, the prnun fr a bridge is sie (she), and a chair er (he). ”可知，在德语中，“she”就是“sie”，而德语和法语中“frk”的代词都是“she”，那么推断出德语中frk就是“sie”，故选C。
54．推理判断题。根据“Kuuk Thaayrre speakers can always tell where east, west, suth, and nrth are, even in places they’ve never been.”可以推出说Kuuk Thaayrre这种语言的人有很强的方向感。故选C。
55．推理判断题。根据“When they are asked what they think f a bridge, Spanish speakers think f it as “strng” and German speakers think f it as “pretty.””、“ Fr example, in French, a “bridge” is a “fhe”, and a “chair” is a “she”, just like in Spanish. ”、“In Spanish, a frk is a “he”, but in French, a frk is a “she”. Here, French shares the same idea with German.”和“Kuuk Thaayrre speakers can always tell where east, west, suth, and nrth are, even in places they’ve never been.”可知，研究的信息表明使用不同的语言会影响人对事物的看法，所以Ruby可能会同意根据使用不同语言的人可能会以不同的方式看待世界。故选B。
56．C 57．D 58．B 59．C 60．D
【导语】本文主要讲Kyle因为接到电话但没有认真听电话内容，导致让妈妈在学校发生误会，Kyle也从这次的经历中吸取到教训。
56．细节理解题。根据第二段“I was trying t get my math hmewrk dne because Rij was waiting fr me next dr.”可知，Kyle接电话时正在做作业。故选C。
57．细节理解题。根据第六段““It was abut Thursday after schl,” I said, annuncing the nly detail I culd remember.”可知，第二天早上Kyle记得这通电话，但不记得所有的细节。故选D。
58．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Mrs. Essman lked at her like she was frm Mars and asked where the cake was.”可知，当Essman老师看到Kyle的妈妈时很失望。故选B。
59．词句猜测题。通过故事的结尾，Kyle由于没有认真听电话内容而带来了误会。因此文章最后一句指的是“要认真听并且做笔记”。故选C。
60．推理判断题。根据最后一句“Nw, I was in the dghuse, and my brther and I had t learn telephne manners frm Mm.”可知，Kyle从这次的经历中吸取了教训。故选D。
61．A 62．B 63．A 64．D 65．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了潮汐、涨潮、低潮发生的原因以及对人们生活的影响。
61．细节理解题。根据“ Even thugh the sun is much bigger than the mn and the earth, it is very far away s the tides n earth are mstly affected by the mn.”可知，尽管太阳比月亮和地球大得多，但它离我们很远，由于距离的关系，月球对地球水的影响比太阳大。故选A。
62．词句猜测题。根据“This pull creates a ‘bulge’f water n the side f the earth the mn is clsest t. This is what we call ‘high tide’. ”可知，这种拉力在月球离地球最近的一侧形成了一个水的“（）”。这就是我们说的涨潮。可推出“bulge”的意思是膨胀。故选B。
63．细节理解题。根据“As well as the side clsest t the mn having high tides, the ppsite side f the earth des t. The sides nt experiencing the ‘bulge’ are experiencing what we call ‘lw tides.’ ”可知，靠近月球的一面是涨潮，地球的相对另一面也有“涨潮”。没有经历“膨胀”的面就是“低潮”。选项A符合描述。故选A。
64．推理判断题。结合语境可知，第四段讲了潮汐的各种影响，所以潮汐对于天气的影响应放在第四段。故选D。
65．篇章结构题。结合文章可知，第一段引出“潮汐”话题；第二、三段讲潮汐发生的原因以及涨潮、低潮的原因；第四段讲潮汐的各种影响。故选A。
66．B 67．E 68．C 69．D 70．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了坐在不同位置的学生所代表的意义。
66．根据“Let’s see what kind f student yu are”可知，选择座位与你是哪一种学生息息相关，B选项“这个座位能透露你很多信息”符合，故选B。
67．根据“If yu chse the frnt rw, yu lve schl. ”可知，此处应介绍坐在前排的学生是那种热爱学校，热爱老师的好学生，E选项“你希望你的老师了解你，喜欢你”符合，故选E。
68．根据“Yu dn’t care abut getting gd grades”可知，不在乎好成绩，考试及格就可以，C选项“对你来说，通过考试就够了”符合，故选C。
69．根据“Thugh yu sit in the back, yu might plan t pay attentin t learning. Yu dn’t like t many peple t sit behind yu, and that’s why yu sit in the back”可知，尽管坐在后面，但是还是喜欢学习，所以跟坐在前面的好学生是一样的，D选项“你和前面的学生一样好”符合，故选D。
70．根据“Yu might plan t cpy thers’ hmewrk in class because yu stayed up playing nline games the night befre”可知，靠墙后排坐的这种学生压根不想好好学习，A选项“你根本不想学习”符合，故选A。
Why d we make these pants?These light pants make yu mve freely. These pants are made fr yga. The fabric we use is called “NuluTM” which keeps yu cmfrtable when yu sweat. The fabric needs a little extra lve. If yu want t wash it, it is better t use cld water in the washing machine.