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重难点21 宾语从句-2023年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（全国通用）
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这是一份重难点21 宾语从句-2023年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（全国通用），文件包含重难点21宾语从句-2023年中考英语热点·重点·难点专练全国通用原卷版docx、重难点21宾语从句-2023年中考英语热点·重点·难点专练全国通用解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。
1.宾语从句的种类
宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。
1.1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
He said (that) he wanted t stay at hme.
1.2. 由连接代词wh, whm, whse, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, hw引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
D yu knw wh (whm) they are waiting fr?
I dn’t knw why the train is late.
1.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。
I want t knw if (whether) he lives there.
2.宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。
2.1. 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。
He is an hnest by. The teacher said. → The teacher said(that) he was an hnest by.
2.2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。
Des he wrk hard? I wnder. → I wnder if/whether he wrks hard.
3. 宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题。
3.1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
I remember he gave me a bk yesterday.
He has tld me that he’ll leave fr New Yrk tmrrw.
I dn’t think (that) yu are right.
3.2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。
He tld me that he wuld take part in the high jump.
He asked what time it was.
He tld me that he was preparing fr the sprts meet.
3.3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。
Our teacher said that January is the first mnth f the year.
方法技巧
4.宾语从句种类具体分述
引导的宾语从句
that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。
引导的宾语从句的用法
位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。
= 1 \* GB3 ①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，knw，hear，see，hpe，wish，remember，frget等的宾语。如： She says that she will help me learn English this evening. 她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。
= 2 \* GB3 ②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如：
He is a gd by except that he is careless. 他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。
= 3 \* GB3 ③作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，srry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。如：I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。
时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。试比较：
He says that he wants t see him as sn as pssible. 他说他想尽快见到他。
He said that he wanted t see him as sn as pssible. 他说他想尽快见到他。
【特别提醒】
当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制。如：
The teacher tld us that the earth ges rund the sun. 老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。
引导词that可以省略的几种情况：
引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略：
She said (that) she wuld cme t the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。
I prmise yu (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。
【注意】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略：
That she is a gd girl I knw. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。
引导词that不能省略的几种情况：
that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。
= 1 \* GB3 ①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略；
We knw that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。
= 2 \* GB3 ②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如：He tld me (that) they culd nt decide what t d and that they asked my advice.
他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。
= 3 \* GB3 ③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。
如：I knw nthing abut him except that he is frm the suth. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。
如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
如：We thught it strange that Xia Zhang did nt cme yesterday. 小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。
宾语从句的否定转移。
在think，believe，suppse，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。如：
= 1 \* GB3 ①我认为今晚他不能来。
【误】I think he can’t cme this evening.
【正】I dn’t think he can cme this evening.
= 2 \* GB3 ②他认为我们现在不在教室里。
【误】He desn’t think we are in the classrm nw.
【正】He thinks we are nt in the classrm nw.
【特别警示】
含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。如：
I dn’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？
He thinks I can cme, desn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？
如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldm，n，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。如：
We find that he seldm ges t visit his mther, des he?
我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？
that引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时，只变主句，不变从句。实际上，我们经常把It is said that ...（据说……）；It is knwn that ...（众所周知……）；It is reprted that ...（据报告……）等当作固定句式来运用。如：It is said that he is frm Canada. 据说他来自加拿大。
4.2.疑问词引导的宾语从句
特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, wh, what, where, whatever, hw，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。
①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。
宾语从句＂hw ld Liz is＂是主句动词knw的宾语。hw在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。
②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/shuld等的特殊疑问句
When is Ann ging t lran? 安什么时候去伊朗？
→ D yu knw when Ann is ging t lran? 你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？
→ I dn’t knw when Ann is ging t lran. 我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。
What shuld I d? 我该怎么办？
→ Can yu tell me what I shuld d? 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？
→ Please tell me what I shuld d. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。
Where has Rn gne? 朗去了哪里？
→ D yu knw where Rn has gne? 你知道朗去了哪里吗？
→ I dn’t knw where Rn has gne. 我不知道朗去了哪里。
③带有助动词d/des/did的特殊疑问句。
Where did I put my wedding ring? 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？
→ D yu knw where I put my wedding ring? 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？
→ I dn’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。
What des Sue think abut Lulu? 苏对露露的看法是什么？
→ D yu knw what Sue thinks abut Lulu? 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？
→ I knw what Sue thinks abut Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。
注意：
（1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子：
Hw much des this cat cst? → I want t knw hw much this cat csts.
Where did yu g yesterday? → Please tell me where yu went yesterday.
（2）当疑问代词what、wh在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。
What’s wrng with yu? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was wrng with her.
What’s the matter? 怎么了？→ He asked the girl what was the matter.
What has happened t him?→ We want t knw what has happened t him.
引导的宾语从句
当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wnder，dubt，find ut，be uncertain /dubtful / be nt knwn 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。
I wnder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。
Alice wants t knw if/whether she has passed the exam. 爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。
【拓展】
一般情况下，if和whether可互换，在口语中多用if， 而在以下几种情况下，只能用whether。
1. 与 r 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有r nt时用whether，不用if。
I dn’t knw whether r nt they will cme. 我不知道他们是否会来。
Let me knw whether yu can cme r nt.
2. 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。
He dsen’t knw whether t g r nt. 他不知道是否会去。
Please tell us whether t g there r stay here. 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。
Whether t g r stay is still a questin.
3. 在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。
It depends n whether I have enugh time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。
Success depends n whether we make enugh effrt.
4. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。
Whether this is true, I can’t say. Whether he is single, I dn’t knw.
5. 在某些动词（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。
We discussed whether we shuld clse the shp. （虚拟语气）
6. 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。
He asked me if I hadn’t finished my wrk.
注意：dubt否定句用that引导。因为dn’t dubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。
宾语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握宾语从句的用法。
中考考查重点：
1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；
2. 宾语从句的语序；
3. 宾语从句的时态。
典例解析
1.— D yu knw ____________?
—At 9:00 tmrrw mrning.
A. when the vide meeting began
B. when did the vide meeting begin
C. when the vide meeting will begin
D. when will the vide meeting begin
【答案】C
【解析】——句意：你知道视频会议什么时候开始吗?——明天上午九点。考查宾语从句。问句是一个含宾语从句的复合句，宾语从句中从句语序应该为陈述句语序，因此排除B和D；根据答语“At 9 'clck tmrrw mrning.”可知询问的应该是将来的事，用一般将来时，选项A是一般过去时，故选C。
2.The pliceman asked the little by if ________ his hme.
A. he culd findB. culd he findC. he can find
【答案】A
【解析】句意：警察问那个小男孩能否找到他的家。考查宾语从句。he culd find他能找到，陈述语序；culd he find他能找到，疑问语序；he can find他能找到，陈述语序。分析句子结构可知此处是if引导的宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除B，结合主句中“asked”可知主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去时态，排除C。故选A。
一、单项选择
1．（2022·云南昆明·统考中考真题）— Culd yu please tell me ________ when they meet fr the first time in China?
— They usually shake hands.
A．what d peple usually dB．what peple usually d
C．where d peple usually gD．where peple usually g
2．（2022·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）—Can yu tell me ________?
—T get practical skills.
A．what d yu learn abut safetyB．when d yu have the art festival
C．hw yu balance yur studies and hbbiesD．why yu learn cking at schl
3．（2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）—Jenny, d yu knw ________?
—Er, next Tuesday.
A．when the sprts meeting will take placeB．when will the sprts meeting take place
C．where the sprts meeting will take placeD．where will the sprts meeting take place
4．（2022·广西梧州·统考中考真题）—Mr.Brwn, culd yu tell me ________ ur Chinese exam?
—Sure. It will be in Rm 201.
A．when will we haveB．where will we have
C．when we will haveD．where we will have
5．（2022·广西贵港·统考中考真题）— I wnder ________.
— I’m nt sure. Maybe yes.
A．if has Dave gt his driver’s license
B．hw lng has Dave gt his driver’s license
C．if Dave has gt his driver’s license
D．hw lng Dave has gt his driver’s license
6．（2022·四川乐山·统考中考真题）—Hi, Jack. D yu knw __________? I want t thank him r her in persn.
—N, it was just left n the frnt desk.
A．wh sent my wallet back
B．where did they find my wallet
C．hw much mney was in my wallet
7．（2022·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）They wnder _______.
A．if rbts will think like a human in 25 t 50 years
B．if will rbts think like a human in 25 t 50 years
C．when rbts will think like a human in 25 t 50 years
8．（2022·四川广元·统考中考真题）—The 2022 Winter Olympics was held in China. D yu knw ______?
—Yes. In Beijing and Zhangjiaku.
A．when it was heldB．when was it heldC．which cities was it held inD．which cities it was held in
9．（2022·湖南怀化·统考中考真题）—D yu knw _______?
—She is a teacher.
A．What is Linda’s jbB．What Linda’s jb isC．What was Linda’s jb
10．（2022·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）— There will be a rbt n shw in ur schl next week.
— Really? I wnder ________.
A．what it likesB．what it is likeC．what des it likeD．what is it like
11．（2022·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）— I wnder ________ Dr. Li will be at wrk tmrrw, sir.
— I’m nt sure. He is vlunteering in a cmmunity.
A．hwB．ifC．why
12．（2022·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）SHENZHOU-14 was lifted ff successfully! Culd yu tell me _______?
A．in which centre it will be lifted ff
B．wh entered China Space Statin this time
C．what will it mean t the develpment f China
D．that three astrnauts entered China Space Statin
13．（2022·山东济南·统考中考真题）— Excuse me. I am new here. Can yu tell me ________?
— Sure. G straight and yu will see it n yur left.
A．where is the nearest cinemaB．where was the nearest cinema
C．where the nearest cinema isD．where the nearest cinema was
14．（2022·湖北荆州·统考中考真题）— I am wrried ________ I can enter a gd high schl r nt.
— Wrk hard and trust in yurself.
A．whyB．whatC．whetherD．where
15．（2022·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—D yu knw ________?
—Yes. We shuld try t waste less but recycle mre.
A．hw can we live a green lifeB．hw we can live a green life
C．why shuld we live a green lifeD．when we shuld live a green life
16．（2022·广西河池·统考中考真题）—David, culd yu tell me ________?
—He is tall and has shrt hair.
A．what ur new P.E. teacher lks like
B．what ur new P.E. teacher likes
C．where ur new P.E. teacher cmes frm
D．when ur new P.E. teacher was brn
17．（2022·上海·模拟预测）— The table tennis match is s exciting. The ppsite team is really strng.
— Yes, but I never dubt ________ ur team will win.
A．ifB．thatC．whetherD．why
18．（2022·上海·统考二模）My dad prmised n his birthday that he ________ smking in the near future.
A．will give upB．wuld give upC．gave upD．had given up
19．（2022·重庆·校联考一模）Her mther hpes ________ be a dancer in the future.
A．her tB．her canC．she canD．she t
20．（2022·江苏淮安·校考一模）—I am having sme prblems with my sn. He seems t say n t ________ I say.
—It’s necessary fr yu tw t have mre cmmunicatin.
A．wheneverB．hweverC．whateverD．wherever
21．（2022·北京·模拟预测）There is n use t ask ________ fault it is. What we shuld d is t slve the prblem.
A．whB．whseC．whatD．which
22．（2022·山东菏泽·校联考一模）— I wnder ________.
— Their strng will and lve fr the cuntry bring them curage.
A．why these medical wrkers risked their lives t fight the virus
B．what did these medical wrkers d fr the whle cuntry
C．if these vlunteers were wrried
D．what these vlunteers helped with
23．（2022·辽宁盘锦·统考中考真题）He asked _________.
A．hw was the weather tday
B．where Grace rides a bike
C．when Wang Yaping returned t the earth
D．that Bryan played sccer well
24．（2022·四川达州·统考中考真题）— I wnder ________ late fr schl yesterday.
— Bad luck! I gt up late and missed the bus.
A．hw yu wereB．why were yuC．hw were yuD．why yu were
25．（2022·辽宁营口·校考模拟预测）We haven’t decided ________.
A．that we will repair ur huseB．when did we g t the party
C．where we went n vacatinD．whether we will keep a pet
二、单词填空
26．（2022·浙江杭州·统考二模）I didn’t knw w_________ baseball it is, s I just put it in the Lst and Fund.
27．（2022·四川成都·模拟预测）Please reply befre Friday and tell me w_______yu can cme t my party r nt.
28．（2022·广西·统考二模）I will d ________ (无论什么) yu wish.
29．（2022·江苏·统考二模）He acted s well that we ________ him fr a real actr. (误以为)
30．（2022·湖南常德·统考中考真题）— Excuse me, culd yu please tell me ________ the band begins playing this afternn?
— At three ’clck.
三、改写句子
31．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）“When will we g t the VR experience center?” I asked the tur guide.（改为间接引语）
I asked the tur guide _________ we _________ g t the VR experience centre.
32．（2022·黑龙江·统考中考真题）Has he finished his hmewrk? D yu knw? (改为宾语从句)
D yu knw ________ he ________ finished his hmewrk?
33．（2022·上海·模拟预测）“Have yu finished reading the cmic strips?” Lucy asked the students. (改为间接引语)
Lucy asked the students ________ they ________ finished reading the cmic strips.
34．（2022·上海青浦·统考一模）The senir fficer said t the sldiers, “Dn’t fire withut my permissin.”（改为间接引语）
The senir fficer ________ the sldiers ________ t fire withut his permissin.
35．（2022·上海静安·统考二模）“D yu ften g t art exhibitins?” Tim asked Lucy. (改为间接引语)
Tim asked Lucy ________ she ften ________ t art exhibitins.
四、汉译英
36．（2022·山东威海·中考真题）我发现我哥哥开车比以前小心多了。
__________________________________________
37．（2022·辽宁营口·校考模拟预测）我相信我们的祖国会越来越强大。
____________________________________
38．（2022·江苏苏州·校考模拟预测）我认为你不应该和你的父母顶嘴。
_________________________________________________
39．（2022·四川内江·模拟预测）许多人知道重庆是中国最大的城市之一。
_______________________________________
40．（2022·江苏扬州·校考二模）我很抱歉地得知您对这个机器人一点都不满意。
________________
宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否(if，whether)替；
特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。
主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；
主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
主句
宾语从句
D yu knw
hw ld Liz is? 你知道兹几岁吗?
I knw
hw ld Liz is. 我知道莉兹几岁。
I dn’t knw
hw ld Liz is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。
1.宾语从句的种类
宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。
1.1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
He said (that) he wanted t stay at hme.
1.2. 由连接代词wh, whm, whse, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, hw引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
D yu knw wh (whm) they are waiting fr?
I dn’t knw why the train is late.
1.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。
I want t knw if (whether) he lives there.
2.宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。
2.1. 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。
He is an hnest by. The teacher said. → The teacher said(that) he was an hnest by.
2.2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。
Des he wrk hard? I wnder. → I wnder if/whether he wrks hard.
3. 宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题。
3.1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
I remember he gave me a bk yesterday.
He has tld me that he’ll leave fr New Yrk tmrrw.
I dn’t think (that) yu are right.
3.2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。
He tld me that he wuld take part in the high jump.
He asked what time it was.
He tld me that he was preparing fr the sprts meet.
3.3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。
Our teacher said that January is the first mnth f the year.
方法技巧
4.宾语从句种类具体分述
引导的宾语从句
that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。
引导的宾语从句的用法
位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。
= 1 \* GB3 ①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，knw，hear，see，hpe，wish，remember，frget等的宾语。如： She says that she will help me learn English this evening. 她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。
= 2 \* GB3 ②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如：
He is a gd by except that he is careless. 他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。
= 3 \* GB3 ③作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，srry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。如：I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。
时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。试比较：
He says that he wants t see him as sn as pssible. 他说他想尽快见到他。
He said that he wanted t see him as sn as pssible. 他说他想尽快见到他。
【特别提醒】
当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制。如：
The teacher tld us that the earth ges rund the sun. 老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。
引导词that可以省略的几种情况：
引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略：
She said (that) she wuld cme t the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。
I prmise yu (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。
【注意】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略：
That she is a gd girl I knw. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。
引导词that不能省略的几种情况：
that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。
= 1 \* GB3 ①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略；
We knw that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。
= 2 \* GB3 ②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如：He tld me (that) they culd nt decide what t d and that they asked my advice.
他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。
= 3 \* GB3 ③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。
如：I knw nthing abut him except that he is frm the suth. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。
如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
如：We thught it strange that Xia Zhang did nt cme yesterday. 小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。
宾语从句的否定转移。
在think，believe，suppse，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。如：
= 1 \* GB3 ①我认为今晚他不能来。
【误】I think he can’t cme this evening.
【正】I dn’t think he can cme this evening.
= 2 \* GB3 ②他认为我们现在不在教室里。
【误】He desn’t think we are in the classrm nw.
【正】He thinks we are nt in the classrm nw.
【特别警示】
含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。如：
I dn’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？
He thinks I can cme, desn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？
如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldm，n，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。如：
We find that he seldm ges t visit his mther, des he?
我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？
that引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时，只变主句，不变从句。实际上，我们经常把It is said that ...（据说……）；It is knwn that ...（众所周知……）；It is reprted that ...（据报告……）等当作固定句式来运用。如：It is said that he is frm Canada. 据说他来自加拿大。
4.2.疑问词引导的宾语从句
特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, wh, what, where, whatever, hw，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。
①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。
宾语从句＂hw ld Liz is＂是主句动词knw的宾语。hw在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。
②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/shuld等的特殊疑问句
When is Ann ging t lran? 安什么时候去伊朗？
→ D yu knw when Ann is ging t lran? 你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？
→ I dn’t knw when Ann is ging t lran. 我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。
What shuld I d? 我该怎么办？
→ Can yu tell me what I shuld d? 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？
→ Please tell me what I shuld d. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。
Where has Rn gne? 朗去了哪里？
→ D yu knw where Rn has gne? 你知道朗去了哪里吗？
→ I dn’t knw where Rn has gne. 我不知道朗去了哪里。
③带有助动词d/des/did的特殊疑问句。
Where did I put my wedding ring? 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？
→ D yu knw where I put my wedding ring? 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？
→ I dn’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。
What des Sue think abut Lulu? 苏对露露的看法是什么？
→ D yu knw what Sue thinks abut Lulu? 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？
→ I knw what Sue thinks abut Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。
注意：
（1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子：
Hw much des this cat cst? → I want t knw hw much this cat csts.
Where did yu g yesterday? → Please tell me where yu went yesterday.
（2）当疑问代词what、wh在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。
What’s wrng with yu? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was wrng with her.
What’s the matter? 怎么了？→ He asked the girl what was the matter.
What has happened t him?→ We want t knw what has happened t him.
引导的宾语从句
当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wnder，dubt，find ut，be uncertain /dubtful / be nt knwn 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。
I wnder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。
Alice wants t knw if/whether she has passed the exam. 爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。
【拓展】
一般情况下，if和whether可互换，在口语中多用if， 而在以下几种情况下，只能用whether。
1. 与 r 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有r nt时用whether，不用if。
I dn’t knw whether r nt they will cme. 我不知道他们是否会来。
Let me knw whether yu can cme r nt.
2. 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。
He dsen’t knw whether t g r nt. 他不知道是否会去。
Please tell us whether t g there r stay here. 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。
Whether t g r stay is still a questin.
3. 在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。
It depends n whether I have enugh time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。
Success depends n whether we make enugh effrt.
4. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。
Whether this is true, I can’t say. Whether he is single, I dn’t knw.
5. 在某些动词（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。
We discussed whether we shuld clse the shp. （虚拟语气）
6. 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。
He asked me if I hadn’t finished my wrk.
注意：dubt否定句用that引导。因为dn’t dubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。
宾语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握宾语从句的用法。
中考考查重点：
1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；
2. 宾语从句的语序；
3. 宾语从句的时态。
典例解析
1.— D yu knw ____________?
—At 9:00 tmrrw mrning.
A. when the vide meeting began
B. when did the vide meeting begin
C. when the vide meeting will begin
D. when will the vide meeting begin
【答案】C
【解析】——句意：你知道视频会议什么时候开始吗?——明天上午九点。考查宾语从句。问句是一个含宾语从句的复合句，宾语从句中从句语序应该为陈述句语序，因此排除B和D；根据答语“At 9 'clck tmrrw mrning.”可知询问的应该是将来的事，用一般将来时，选项A是一般过去时，故选C。
2.The pliceman asked the little by if ________ his hme.
A. he culd findB. culd he findC. he can find
【答案】A
【解析】句意：警察问那个小男孩能否找到他的家。考查宾语从句。he culd find他能找到，陈述语序；culd he find他能找到，疑问语序；he can find他能找到，陈述语序。分析句子结构可知此处是if引导的宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除B，结合主句中“asked”可知主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去时态，排除C。故选A。
一、单项选择
1．（2022·云南昆明·统考中考真题）— Culd yu please tell me ________ when they meet fr the first time in China?
— They usually shake hands.
A．what d peple usually dB．what peple usually d
C．where d peple usually gD．where peple usually g
2．（2022·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）—Can yu tell me ________?
—T get practical skills.
A．what d yu learn abut safetyB．when d yu have the art festival
C．hw yu balance yur studies and hbbiesD．why yu learn cking at schl
3．（2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）—Jenny, d yu knw ________?
—Er, next Tuesday.
A．when the sprts meeting will take placeB．when will the sprts meeting take place
C．where the sprts meeting will take placeD．where will the sprts meeting take place
4．（2022·广西梧州·统考中考真题）—Mr.Brwn, culd yu tell me ________ ur Chinese exam?
—Sure. It will be in Rm 201.
A．when will we haveB．where will we have
C．when we will haveD．where we will have
5．（2022·广西贵港·统考中考真题）— I wnder ________.
— I’m nt sure. Maybe yes.
A．if has Dave gt his driver’s license
B．hw lng has Dave gt his driver’s license
C．if Dave has gt his driver’s license
D．hw lng Dave has gt his driver’s license
6．（2022·四川乐山·统考中考真题）—Hi, Jack. D yu knw __________? I want t thank him r her in persn.
—N, it was just left n the frnt desk.
A．wh sent my wallet back
B．where did they find my wallet
C．hw much mney was in my wallet
7．（2022·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）They wnder _______.
A．if rbts will think like a human in 25 t 50 years
B．if will rbts think like a human in 25 t 50 years
C．when rbts will think like a human in 25 t 50 years
8．（2022·四川广元·统考中考真题）—The 2022 Winter Olympics was held in China. D yu knw ______?
—Yes. In Beijing and Zhangjiaku.
A．when it was heldB．when was it heldC．which cities was it held inD．which cities it was held in
9．（2022·湖南怀化·统考中考真题）—D yu knw _______?
—She is a teacher.
A．What is Linda’s jbB．What Linda’s jb isC．What was Linda’s jb
10．（2022·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）— There will be a rbt n shw in ur schl next week.
— Really? I wnder ________.
A．what it likesB．what it is likeC．what des it likeD．what is it like
11．（2022·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）— I wnder ________ Dr. Li will be at wrk tmrrw, sir.
— I’m nt sure. He is vlunteering in a cmmunity.
A．hwB．ifC．why
12．（2022·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）SHENZHOU-14 was lifted ff successfully! Culd yu tell me _______?
A．in which centre it will be lifted ff
B．wh entered China Space Statin this time
C．what will it mean t the develpment f China
D．that three astrnauts entered China Space Statin
13．（2022·山东济南·统考中考真题）— Excuse me. I am new here. Can yu tell me ________?
— Sure. G straight and yu will see it n yur left.
A．where is the nearest cinemaB．where was the nearest cinema
C．where the nearest cinema isD．where the nearest cinema was
14．（2022·湖北荆州·统考中考真题）— I am wrried ________ I can enter a gd high schl r nt.
— Wrk hard and trust in yurself.
A．whyB．whatC．whetherD．where
15．（2022·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—D yu knw ________?
—Yes. We shuld try t waste less but recycle mre.
A．hw can we live a green lifeB．hw we can live a green life
C．why shuld we live a green lifeD．when we shuld live a green life
16．（2022·广西河池·统考中考真题）—David, culd yu tell me ________?
—He is tall and has shrt hair.
A．what ur new P.E. teacher lks like
B．what ur new P.E. teacher likes
C．where ur new P.E. teacher cmes frm
D．when ur new P.E. teacher was brn
17．（2022·上海·模拟预测）— The table tennis match is s exciting. The ppsite team is really strng.
— Yes, but I never dubt ________ ur team will win.
A．ifB．thatC．whetherD．why
18．（2022·上海·统考二模）My dad prmised n his birthday that he ________ smking in the near future.
A．will give upB．wuld give upC．gave upD．had given up
19．（2022·重庆·校联考一模）Her mther hpes ________ be a dancer in the future.
A．her tB．her canC．she canD．she t
20．（2022·江苏淮安·校考一模）—I am having sme prblems with my sn. He seems t say n t ________ I say.
—It’s necessary fr yu tw t have mre cmmunicatin.
A．wheneverB．hweverC．whateverD．wherever
21．（2022·北京·模拟预测）There is n use t ask ________ fault it is. What we shuld d is t slve the prblem.
A．whB．whseC．whatD．which
22．（2022·山东菏泽·校联考一模）— I wnder ________.
— Their strng will and lve fr the cuntry bring them curage.
A．why these medical wrkers risked their lives t fight the virus
B．what did these medical wrkers d fr the whle cuntry
C．if these vlunteers were wrried
D．what these vlunteers helped with
23．（2022·辽宁盘锦·统考中考真题）He asked _________.
A．hw was the weather tday
B．where Grace rides a bike
C．when Wang Yaping returned t the earth
D．that Bryan played sccer well
24．（2022·四川达州·统考中考真题）— I wnder ________ late fr schl yesterday.
— Bad luck! I gt up late and missed the bus.
A．hw yu wereB．why were yuC．hw were yuD．why yu were
25．（2022·辽宁营口·校考模拟预测）We haven’t decided ________.
A．that we will repair ur huseB．when did we g t the party
C．where we went n vacatinD．whether we will keep a pet
二、单词填空
26．（2022·浙江杭州·统考二模）I didn’t knw w_________ baseball it is, s I just put it in the Lst and Fund.
27．（2022·四川成都·模拟预测）Please reply befre Friday and tell me w_______yu can cme t my party r nt.
28．（2022·广西·统考二模）I will d ________ (无论什么) yu wish.
29．（2022·江苏·统考二模）He acted s well that we ________ him fr a real actr. (误以为)
30．（2022·湖南常德·统考中考真题）— Excuse me, culd yu please tell me ________ the band begins playing this afternn?
— At three ’clck.
三、改写句子
31．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）“When will we g t the VR experience center?” I asked the tur guide.（改为间接引语）
I asked the tur guide _________ we _________ g t the VR experience centre.
32．（2022·黑龙江·统考中考真题）Has he finished his hmewrk? D yu knw? (改为宾语从句)
D yu knw ________ he ________ finished his hmewrk?
33．（2022·上海·模拟预测）“Have yu finished reading the cmic strips?” Lucy asked the students. (改为间接引语)
Lucy asked the students ________ they ________ finished reading the cmic strips.
34．（2022·上海青浦·统考一模）The senir fficer said t the sldiers, “Dn’t fire withut my permissin.”（改为间接引语）
The senir fficer ________ the sldiers ________ t fire withut his permissin.
35．（2022·上海静安·统考二模）“D yu ften g t art exhibitins?” Tim asked Lucy. (改为间接引语)
Tim asked Lucy ________ she ften ________ t art exhibitins.
四、汉译英
36．（2022·山东威海·中考真题）我发现我哥哥开车比以前小心多了。
__________________________________________
37．（2022·辽宁营口·校考模拟预测）我相信我们的祖国会越来越强大。
____________________________________
38．（2022·江苏苏州·校考模拟预测）我认为你不应该和你的父母顶嘴。
_________________________________________________
39．（2022·四川内江·模拟预测）许多人知道重庆是中国最大的城市之一。
_______________________________________
40．（2022·江苏扬州·校考二模）我很抱歉地得知您对这个机器人一点都不满意。
________________
宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否(if，whether)替；
特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。
主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；
主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
主句
宾语从句
D yu knw
hw ld Liz is? 你知道兹几岁吗?
I knw
hw ld Liz is. 我知道莉兹几岁。
I dn’t knw
hw ld Liz is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。
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