新高考新教材广西专版2024届高考英语二轮总复习核心语法必备专题一谓语动词动词的时态语态主谓一致情态动词和虚拟语气课件
展开重点一 热考的5种时态
考点1 一般现在时(am/is/are或d/des)
考点2 一般过去时(was/were或did)
考点3 现在完成时(have/has+动词-ed形式)
提示用现在完成时的常用句型: ①This/That/It is the +that从句, 从句用现在完成时。②It has+been+时间段+since从句, 主句用现在完成时, 从句用一般过去时。
考点4 过去完成时(had+动词-ed形式)
提示用过去完成时的常用句型: ①This/That/It was the first/secnd/... time+that 从句, 从句用过去完成时。② “Hardly/Scarcely had+主语+动词-ed形式... when...” 及 “N sner had+主语+动词-ed形式... than...”, 主句用过去完成时, 从句用一般过去时。
考点5 现在完成进行时(have/has+been+动词-ing形式)
2.主动形式表示被动意义
重点三 主谓一致3原则
提示①主语后接介词短语或其他插入语, 如with, tgether with, as well as, alng with, besides, like, but, except, including, rather than等, 谓语动词的人称和数与主语的人称和数保持一致。The artist as well as sme f ur English teachers was given a chance t g abrad last year.那位艺术家和我们的一些英语老师去年得到了一次出国的机会。②many a, mre than ne后加可数名词的单数形式, 谓语动词用单数。Mre than ne student gets invlved in the activity.不止一个学生参加了这个活动。
③a quantity f后既可接不可数名词, 也可接可数名词复数, 谓语动词的单复数根据名词的单复数来决定。quantities f后无论是接复数名词还是不可数名词, 谓语动词均用复数形式。A quantity f time has been wasted n the prject.=Quantities f time have been wasted n the prject.大量的时间被浪费在这个项目上。④ “a number f+复数名词” 做主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式, 意为 “许多”;“the number f+复数名词” 做主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式, 意为 “……的数量”。
A number f peple have applied fr the jb.许多人申请了这份工作。The number f new students in the schl has decreased greatly.这所学校的新生人数大大减少。
重点四 情态动词和虚拟语气
考点1 情态动词
1.must/have t(1)must表示主观上 “必须, 一定要”; have t强调来自 “外界” 的义务, 即表示 “不得不”。(2)mustn't用来表示禁止, dn't have t表示没有义务、没有必要做。
2.used t/be used t(1)used t表示 “过去常常”, 没有人称和数的变化, 可以与过去的时间状语连用, 其否定形式为usedn't t 或 didn't use t, 其一般疑问句形式将used 提到主语前或用 t...形式。(2)be used t多用来表示 “习惯于”, t是介词, 其后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
3.情态动词+be+ding表示对现在和将来正在进行的行为进行推测, 意为“或许正在, 应当正在, 想必正在, 准是正在”。
4.情态动词+have+动词-ed形式
We culd have faced the difficulty tgether, but why didn't yu tell me?我们本来可以一起面对困难, 但是你为什么不告诉我? Mark needn't have hurried. After driving at tp speed, he arrived half an hur early.马克本不必着急。他开快车后, 早到了半小时。
5.情态动词的特殊句式(1)cannt help but d表示 “不得不” 之意。(2)can't help ding sth表示 “禁不住做某事”。(3)can't help (t) d表示 “不能帮忙做某事”。(4)表示 “无论怎样……都不过分, 越……越好”。(5)may/might as well表示有礼貌的劝告, 意为 “还是……的好, 不妨……”。(6)if yu must...表示不想让某人做某事但也没办法, 意为 “非要, 一定要……”。
考点2 虚拟语气 1.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
2.虚拟条件句的特殊用法(1)如果条件句谓语含有were, had, shuld, 可以将if省略, 再把were, had, shuld移到主语之前; 如果从句中没有were, had或shuld, 则不能省略if。(2)but fr(要不是), withut(要是没有)表示条件, 谓语动词要用虚拟语气。
3.虚拟语气在从句中的应用(1)虚拟语气用在wish, if nly, as if/thugh后的从句中。
(2)虚拟语气用在主句含 “坚持、命令、建议、要求” 的名词性从句中。
提示suggest做 “暗示, 表明” 讲, insist做 “坚持说” 讲, 后面宾语从句的谓语动词不使用虚拟语气形式, 而使用陈述语气。The smile n his face suggested that he was satisfied with ur wrk.他脸上的微笑暗示着他对我们的工作很满意。The man insisted that he had never stlen the mney.那个人坚持说他从来没有偷过钱。
(3)虚拟语气用在 “wuld rather+that从句” 中。
(4)虚拟语气用在 “It is (high) time+that从句” 中。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2023·全国乙卷)Having visited several times ver the last 10 years, I (amaze) by the c-existence f ld and new,and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while cnstantly grwing. 2.Yu'll miss the deadline.Time (run) ut. 3.Befre we (finish) ur meal he rdered us back t wrk. 4.Every mrning I (take) a walk when I lived in the cuntryside. 5.Bth my legs are nearly t give ut.I (walk) fr hurs.
had finished
have been walking
6.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that (be) previusly unprtected. 7.I wnder if my cmplaint abut the quality f yur prducts (handle) tmrrw. 8.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)As a little girl, I (wish) t be a zkeeper when I grew up. 9.If he (receive) six mre vtes,he wuld be ur chairman nw. 10.(2023·全国甲卷)Carsn prves that a simple literary frm that has been passed dwn thrugh the ages can still (emply) tday t draw attentin t imprtant truths.
will be handled
had received
Ⅱ.微语法填空1.Shadw plays, the earliest f which started ver 2,000 years ag, ① (enjy) a lng histry in China and cnsist f many styles. One famus branch displayed in museum is called “Tai'an Shadw Play”. It is believed that it ② (riginate) in the Sng Dynasty when an emperr came t Munt Tai t ffer sacrifice. In the past, the authentic shadw figures ③ (make) f dnkey skin. But t save the lives f many dnkeys, they have fund sme man-made materials, which ④ (use) nwadays fr the figures in the hands-n area.
①答案 have enjyed 解析 句意: 皮影戏最早出现在2,000多年前, 在中国历史悠久、风格各异。根据语境可知, 此处表示从过去到现在已经发生的动作, 应用现在完成时, 故填have enjyed。 ②答案 riginated 解析 句中时间状语是in the Sng Dynasty, 该句应用一般过去时, 故填riginated。
③答案 were made 解析 根据时间状语In the past可知, 句子叙述的是过去的情况, 应用一般过去时; 该句主语the authentic shadw figures和make之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系, 应用被动语态, 因此用一般过去时的被动语态be dne; 主语the authentic shadw figures是复数, 谓语动词也应该用复数形式, 故填were made。④答案are used 解析 which引导的非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词materials, 故从句谓语用复数形式, which与use存在逻辑上的动宾关系, 应用被动语态, 而且从句时间状语是nwadays, 从句应用一般现在时的被动语态, 故填are used。
2.At 8, I started taking art lessns t imprve my painting skills. Hwever, I ① (fcus) t much n mastering different techniques befre I later realised that. Eventually, I ② (becme) mre upset when my expectatins weren't matched.S, in the 11th Grade, I returned t the basics. On a sketchbk I frced myself t draw whatever interested me. Over time, I ③ (release) frm the tight cntrl. I have learnt that a gd painting is nt abut having perfect techniques. In fact, what I need t d ④ (be) t trust my creative talents and find mments f jy in life.
①答案 had fcused 解析 主句谓语所表示的动作先于befre引导的从句谓语realised发生, 表过去的过去, 应用过去完成时, 故填had fcused。 ②答案 became 解析 when引导的时间状语从句是一般过去时, 主句应用一般过去时, 故填became。
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