2024届广东省江门市高三下学期一模考试英语试卷

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江门市2024年高考模拟考试
英语
本试卷共12页, 67小题, 满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前, 考生务必把自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
2. 做选择题时, 必须用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑, 如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其它答案标号。
3. 非选择题必须使用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔, 将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。
4. 所有题目必须在答题卡上指定位置作答, 不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
5. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后, 将答题卡交回。
第二部分阅读理解（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Whether yu are a fine art lver r histry enthusiast, there are sme museums that yu shuld visit in yur lifetime. Here’s a list f the best museums in the wrld.
LE LOUVRE, PARIS
A visit t the Luvre lets visitrs discver ancient civilizatins and Western art frm the Middle Ages t 1848. The palace f the museum, dating back t the twelfth century and develped by architects frm 1200 t 2011, is a lessn in architecture. The mst famus art wrk is Lenard da Vinci’s ＂Mna Lisa＂.
THE UFFIZI GALLERIES, FLORENCE
The museum ccupies a large building cnstructed between 1560 and 1580. It’s famus fr its utstanding cllectins f ancient sculptures and paintings frm the Middle Ages t the Mdern perid, and mainly knwn fr its paintings by Italian artists.
THE BRITISH MUSEUM, LONDON
As the first natinal museum t cver all fields f human knwledge, it was funded in 1753 and pened its drs in 1759. Its eight millin bjects allw us t explre the diversity f human cultures, and discver the expressins in human being's life. It basts the wrld's secnd finest cllectin f Egyptian antiques.
THE METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART, NEW YORK
Als knwn. as "the Met", it's the largest art museum in the America. Presenting ver 5, 000 years f art frm arund the wrld, the museum lives in tw sites in New Yrk: The Met Fifth Avenue and The Met Clisters. Since its funding in 1870, it has been a treasury f rare and beautiful bjects, ranging frm Eurpean paintings, Egyptian cllectins t American paintings.
21. Which museum is best knwn fr ancient statues in the Middle Ages?
A. The Luvre. B. The Uffizi Galleries.
C. The British Museum. D. The Metrplitan Museum.
22. What can visitrs enjy in bth the British Museum and the Met?
A. Art wrks frm Egypt. B. Expressins arund the wrld.
C. Rare bjects f human culture. D. Paintings frm Eurpe and America.
23. Where is this text mst prbably taken frm?
A. An intrductin t arts. B. An essay n architecture.
C. A guidebk t museums. D. A review f Egyptian paintings.
B
Acrss the wrld, humans purchase arund 1. 3 billin single-use plastic water bttles a day. Because nly abut 9% f plastic is recycled, the vast majrity f thse bttles wind up in landfills, the cean, r elsewhere in nature.
When beach-lving Madisn nticed thse plastic bttles during her family's trips t Califrnia, the 12-year-ld 'just felt like this needed t change, "she tld Smithsnian Magazine.
S as she began thinking abut what t d fr her schl science fair back in 2021, the idea f a prject centered n reducing plastic pllutin quickly came t her mind: she wuld design an eatable water bttle called the Ec-Her.
"One f my biggest ambitins fr my prject was wanting t help the wrld, "the cnfident yung inventr said in a vide n the website.
T bring her idea t life, Madisn built upn the already established methd by experimenting with cmmn fd materials. She als tk inspiratin frm previus versins f eatable water bttles, thugh she fcused n making hers bigger and mre durable. She fund that the cmbinatin f water, lemn juice, natural gum, and Alginic acid（褐藻酸） resulted in a gel puch that wuldn't break, culd hld up t 3/4 cup f water, and wuld last in the fridge fr three weeks.
Thugh she'd like t imprve the Ec-Her by making it able t hld mre water, she believes her current versin wuld wrk well as a replacement fr the paper cups used by runners in races. All ne needs t d is bite a hle in the water ball, drink the water, and then eat the puch r thrw it away t bidegrade.
Madisn hpes the Ec-Her inspires thers t take better care f the planet. "It desn't necessarily have t be in a big way, " she tld Smithsnian. "Peple can still make a difference in the wrld, even if it's just in a small way. "
24. What inspired Madisn's design f an eatable water bttle?
A. Her schl's task. B. Her family's urge.
C. Her lve fr nature. D. Her trips t the beach.
25. What can we knw abut the Ec-Her?
A. It is a cpy f the previus versins.
B. It is made frm unbreakable materials.
C. It is an imprvement in size and durability.
D. It has a hle and shuld be dispsed nce used.
26. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Madisn?
A. Ambitius and creative. B. Talented and determined.
C. Curageus and cnfident. D. Cperative and cmmitted.
27. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. A gd beginning is half dne. B. Small peple make big mves.
C. Where there is a will, there is a way. D. Gd helps thse wh help themselves.
C
Demgraphic changes, such as aging ppulatins and declining birth rates, pse challenges as well as ffer pprtunities fr industries and cuntries. T vercme the challenges and seize the pprtunities, especially t achieve lng-term ecnmic sustainability, ecnmies need t enhance plicies prmting innvatins.
Nw many cuntries in East Asia are facing the aging ppulatin and declining wrking-age ppulatin prblem. Cmpared with ther advanced cuntries, Japan encuntered the ppulatin aging prblem at a slightly earlier stage, starting in the mid-1990s. As Japan's percentage f elderly ppulatin t the ttal ppulatin increased, it impacted the cuntry's ecnmy, leading t a cntractin in dmestic demand and decline in bth prductin and cnsumptin, and restricting the grwth f ecnmy.
Sme innvative cmpanies have actively increased utward FDI（Freign Direct Investment）, prviding cst advantages frm inexpensive verseas labr t maintain their cst cmpetitiveness. Hwever, the glbal ecnmy is facing the challenge f declining trade wing t the prtectinism practiced by certain cuntries. Cnsequently, the chances f bsting grwth thrugh utward FDI may be limited.
Develping artificial intelligence is anther slutin t the negative impacts f the demgraphic changes. AI and rbtics will play a crucial rle in stimulating prductivity and innvatin by making payment fr the decline in the wrking-age ppulatin, and the fllwing increase in prductivity will in turn raise the demand fr labr by creating new emplyment pprtunities.
AI, rbtics and ther advanced technlgies give rise t new tasks within their fields and acrss ther sectrs. Therefre, it is necessary t emply cperatin plicies t supprt crpratins that prmte innvatins by increasing investment in research and develpment, facilitating the grwth f new cmpanies, and building a perfect system t prtect intellectual prperties. Since AI and rbtics may replace certain jbs, it is essential t address the ptential challenges they may create in the labr market and wrk ut strategies t ensure a balanced and cmprehensive transitin.
28. What d we knw abut demgraphic changes frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. There is n need t wrry since the changes ffer pprtunities.
B. The changes wn't affect the lng-term ecnmic sustainability.
C. Japan is the nly advanced cuntry facing the changes at present.
D. Things shuld be dne t vercme the challenges psed by the changes.
29. What des the underlined wrd "cntractin" mean in the secnd paragraph?
A. Push. B. Decrease. C. Pause. D. Change.
30. What is the writer's attitude t FDI?
A. Favrable. B. Intlerant. C. Objective. D. Indifferent.
31. What des the writer advise t tackle the new tasks psed by advanced technlgies?
A. Withdrawing investment in research and develpment.
B. Adpting plicies that encurage innvatin f crpratins.
C. Establishing new cmpanies t prtect intellectual prperties.
D. Creating ptential labr market fr mre pssible emplyments:
D
Figuring ut bidiversity patterns and detecting rare r just-gd-at-hiding species has lng psed challenges fr ecsystem mnitring and cnservatin effrts. Traditinal survey methds are labr intensive and cver limited areas. Nw, emerging envirnmental DNA（eDNA） techniques pen new pssibilities.
Scientists cllect water r sil samples frm an envirnment and extract（提取） any DNA traces left behind by rganisms. This is the envirnmental DNA（eDNA）. They then use ne f the tw analysis methds -quantitative PCR （qPCR）r DNA sequencing （DNA 测序）. Similar t COVID tests, qPCR is used t detect if a specific species' DNA is in the sample. Fr example, researchers tested river water eDNA t see if endangered fish X was present. When it was detected, they cnfirmed that the fish lived in that river withut directly seeing it. DNA sequencing analyzes all DNA in the sample at nce. Scientists can then match the DNA barcdes t databases t identify which species were in the sampled envirnment.
Althugh eDNA sampling cannt identify new species r thse nly knwn frm phts and vides if they are nt already listed in the reference databases, the real pwer f it lies in its ability t capture a wide range f rganisms. With just ne sample, scientists can detect all kinds f living things, frm bacteria t whales, in almst any envirnment where life exists, including the deep sea and undergrund caves. One f the mst significant advantages f eDNA sampling is that it allws scientists t detect species that are difficult t see r capture. This is particularly useful when studying rare r very small species, r when wrking in envirnments like dark water where visibility is limited.
This is just the start. Imagine a future where eDNA data culd be cllected frm the mst remte ceans by autnmus vehicles, analyzed by the drne r n bard a research vessel（船舰）, and integrated with ther mnitring data s marine managers and the public can see near-real-time data abut the cnditin f the cean. Science fictin? Nt any mre.
32. What's the authr's purpse f mentining the example in Paragraph 2?
A. T explain the prcess f qPCR analysis methd.
B. T intrduce the definitin f envirnmental DNA.
C. T tell the difference between tw analysis methds.
D. T shw the similarity between qPCR and COVID tests.
33. What's the advantage f eDNA sampling?
A. It can detect species frm phts and vides.
B. It can help scientists capture endangered species.
C. It enables scientists t wrk in invisible envirnment.
D. It can identify any living creature with a sample f it.
34. What culd eDNA data be applied t in the future?
A. Studying micrbial cmmunities. B. Analyzing diversity changes ver time.
C. Cllecting species in new envirnments. D. Offering statistics fr cean supervisin.
35. What's the main idea f the text?
A. Scientists have made a breakthrugh in undersea research.
B. Rare species have been discvered with tw analysis methds.
C. New bidiversity mnitring techniques are arund the crner.
D. Traditinal survey methds are abandned fr their shrtcmings.
第二节（共5小题, 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It's n surprise that there's a link between exercise and mental health. But scientists have nw made it fficial: research has fund a direct cnnectin between mvement and md. Why des exercise hld s many benefits fr ur mental health? 36 .
When ur muscles tighten, chains f amin acids（氨基酸） called mykines（肌细 胞因子）are released int the bldstream. 37 . This cmmunicatin increases adaptatin t stress, reduces symptms f anxiety and has a direct effect n depressin.
A recent study published in the British Jurnal f Sprts Medicine shwed that treatment fr depressin can be much mre effective when physical activity is added t the usual care. 38 . "While exercise is nt a substitute fr prfessinal mental health treatment, physical activity can cmplement and enhance the effects f the treatment, "says lead researcher Ben Singh, a research fellw at the University f Suth Australia. He says regular exercise in a grup setting can bst self-esteem and decrease feelings f islatin and lneliness.
Exercise helps build key cnnectins between the netwrks within the brain, t. 39 . Studies have shwn that physical activity stimulates creativity, sharpens judgement skills and imprves mental energy. It can als help t slw age-related cgnitive decline, pssibly even slwing the pace f develping Alzheimer's disease.
40 . In this way yu'll keep ging back t them. Experts suggest that yu aim fr a minimum f 10 t 30 minutes, three t five days each week. Getting sweaty is gd fr yur bdy and mind.
A. It can imprve verall cgnitive perfrmance
B. They help yur muscles and rgans cmmunicate
C. The answer, studies say, lies in ur brain chemistry
D. Here are the suggestins that yu are suppsed t pay attentin t
E. It is amazing t cnsider hw mving ur bdies can affect ur minds
F. T get the biggest health bst, the key is t be engaged in sprts yu enjy
G. Participants fund benefits after 12 weeks f exercising fr 30 t 60 minutes a day
第三部分语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 2014, a sphmre student at the Natinal Academy f Chinese Theatre Arts went with friends fr a birthday celebratin t Beijing Z. Little did he knw that a chance 41 at the aquarium（水族馆） there wuld light a lifelng passin.
Fast-frward t tday, Xu, a Beijing native, has 42 t the trpical island f Suth China's Hainan prvince, where he serves as a cral 43 fr a Sanya-based trpical bilgical labratry attached t the Chinese Academy f Sciences.
Each day, he spends several hurs diving deep under the waves t bserve and 44 the grwth and develpment f the creatures that 45 him all thse years ag. Xu, wh is nicknamed "cral man", is 46 engaged n such scial media platfrms as Sina Weib, where he regularly shares visually amazing phts and entertaining vides f crals. He aims t 47 individuals t take actin in prtecting cral reefs（珊瑚礁） and the ceans as a whle.
Fr Xu, wh had been studying Peking Opera since childhd, becming a cral cnservatinist was an 48 turn f events. After he first saw crals at the aquarium, he began t 49 the lcal market t learn abut cral 50 frm merchants wh sell decrative plants, fish and crals. He als 51 infrmatin nline. Befre lng, he had set up a small fish tank at hme and started cultivating a cral.
"The cral rganism is quite sensitive. t its envirnment and has extremely high 52 fr water quality, " recalls. Xu. "When I started grwing cral, its state was nt 53 . "But as Xu gained mre 54 abut cral, including hw t cntrl factrs like water temperature and pH levels, his cral gradually started t flurish. He als learned that cral reefs are knwn as "trpical rainfrests" and "underwater gardens" f the cean, prviding a 55 fr a quarter f all sea creatures.
41.A. accidentB. encunterC. applicatinD. perfrmance
42.A. mvedB. drivenC. appealedD. signaled
43.A. educatrB. ambassadrC. artistD. cnservatinist
44.A. apprveB. increaseC. dcumentD. smth
45.A. separatedB. relievedC. preservedD. fascinated
46.A. activelyB. finallyC. universallyD. skillfully
47.A. teachB. arrangeC. encurageD. frce
48.A. impracticalB. unexpectedC. unfrtunateD. unacceptable
49.A. frequentB. expandC. manageD. imprve
50.A. sellingB. bservingC. farmingD. decrating
51.A. answered frB. brught inC. searched frD. gave ut
52.A. requirementsB. reputatinsC. peridsD. pririties
53.A. pureB. gdC. cnfusingD. strict
54.A. evidenceB. careC. equipmentD. knwledge
55.A. mapB. hmeC. platfrmD. cntainer
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2024 is the Year f the Dragn in the Chinese calendar and it is the first time that the Oxfrd English Dictinary（OED） 56 （include）the term "Chinese dragn" in its dictinary. The Chinese dragn has tw definitins in the OED, with the first ne abut its physical image and the secnd ne n its figurative and allusive（典故的） nature.
Emperrs in ancient dynasties were dressed in a Dragn Rbe, a traditinal silk-wven cstume with dragn designs, 57 （symblize）imperial pwer and authrity. Jade Seals（玉玺）, ften 58 （carve）with dragns, als symblize the authrity f the emperr.
Cntrary 59 the Western dragn, the image f the Chinese dragn, despite underging cnstant changes, has represented varius' psitive 60 （quality）including prsperity, authrity, strength and gd frtune.
In ancient Chinese belief, dragns 61 （assciate）with the cntrl f the weather, particularly rain. The dragn's ability t bring rain was seen as crucial fr agriculture, which made it 62 psitive symbl fr the fertility f the land.
With the rising China Chic trend and the cuntry's bming cultural creative industry, the Chinese dragn in flktale is nw 63 （cmmn）seen in creative prducts such as tear-ff calendars, dlls, dragn-themed jewelry as well as the "dragn blind bxes" 64 appeal t yung cnsumers.
Whether it is thrugh the hands f a natinal-level intangible（非物质） cultural heritage inheritr 65 the hands f a Generatin Z "blind bx" designer, the Chinese dragn carries frward the Chinese cultural spirit.
第四部分写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华, 周末你市美术馆要举办中国画展, 请你写一封邮件邀请交流生朋友Tm一起前往观展, 内容包括：
1. 观展安排；
2. 注意事项。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tm,
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Pstcards frm the Wrld
While the sun washed ver the grass f my grandmther's frnt garden, I sank int ne f her armchairs familiar t me. Life, as I knew it, had changed. My belved grandmther, my Nanny, as a "parent" in the absence f my father, had cancer. It was terminal （晚期的）.
As she watched Getaway, a Sunday afternn TV prgram, she remarked t me that she'd never left Australia and that nw she never wuld. Seeing her restricted t "travel" by watching TV, I swallwed the sadness that came with knwing that chapters f her life were t be left unwritten.
At wrk, feeling helpless, I wiped tables and tk rders and thught. Hard. The Saturday afternn lunch rush was nt enugh t stp me frm my thughts. Cllapsed with grwing srrw, I was reminded f the pwer f Facebk and the cllective strength f human sympathy. I raced frm the end f my shift t ask strangers n the Internet fr help.
My Nanny Del has cancer. It's terminal and she will never see the wrld. Please send her pstcards s she can see the wrld frm her armchair. I can ffer nthing but gratitude.
I reslved nt t breathe a wrd f this; if nthing came, I culdn't bear t carry her disappintment alng with my wn. . And if smething shuld wander int ur humble little letterbx, I vuld cnsider it a blessing and embrace it gratefully.
Days turned t weeks: Nthing. And Nanny's health declined rapidly. I was trying t balance my full-time study, babysitting and waiting tables with the tiring respnsibility f caring fr my grandmther. As I helped Nanny in the early hurs f thse mrnings, she wuld chat t me, smetimes reflectins f her lifetime, and ther times, the disturbance caused by medicatin. She seldm talked abut her regret f being unable t travel, but I was still hping fr smething.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One afternn, abut six weeks after my Facebk pst, a travel-wrn pstcard arrived in ur letterbx.
My dreams f armchair travels became a reality.