2023北京中关村中学高三3月月考英语（教师版）

这是一份2023北京中关村中学高三3月月考英语（教师版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

考生须知
本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I lst my jb right befre Christmas. I was the nly parent f a daughter, Kristil, 12. My paycheck was___1___.
While we were searching fr Christmas tree, I struggled t be___2___as I eyed each price tag.
Mnday mrning, I set ff t___3___mney. I sld sme Precius Mments figurines in an antiques stre. And I furiusly___4___jbs as my bank accunt grew smaller. I felt as if the wrld was clsing in n me.
One afternn, I drpped Kristil in a wealthy gated cmmunity fr a birthday party. I watched as she went in, surrunded by all the nice things we culdn’t affrd. I drve hme___5___.
Back at hme, I glanced ut f the windw. I nticed a petite wman with shrt white hair struggling t pen her car dr___6___the wind. It was my ld prfessr, Sister Esther Heffernan.
I first met Sister Esther 10 years earlier when I was her student at Edgewd Cllege. Kristil was 3 at the time, and I smetimes tk her t class. Sister Esther was understanding and wuld bring clring bks t___7___Kristil.
I rushed ut. “What are yu ding ut in this weather?” I asked as we hugged.
“Well, I called yur jb and they said yu weren’t wrking there anymre, s I thught I wuld cme by,” she said. “I have gifts fr yu and Kristil.”
Sister Esther’s___8___gave me hpe that things wuld be all right.
After a shrt talk, she gt up and left a Christmas card. When I pened it, hundred-dllar bills fell nt the table. Tears f___9___welled in my eyes as I cunted. Sister Esther had given me $1,000.
It’s been 14 years since that Christmas, but I’ve never frgtten what Sister Esther did fr us. In 2020, at age 91, she died, but the lve she gave lives n in the hearts f many.____10____ , I am ne.
1. A. rewardB. survivalC. salaryD. fcus
2. A. cheerfulB. sadC. wrriedD. pleased
3. A. pursueB. changeC. raiseD. brrw
4. A. tk upB. held dwnC. gt nD. applied fr
5. A. surprisedB. trubledC. defeatedD. mtivated
6. A. inB. withC. beyndD. against
7. A. teachB. ccupyC. welcmeD. entertain
8. A. giftB. teachingC. assistanceD. presence
9. A. affectinB. verjyC. gratitudeD. excitement
10. A. GenerallyB. LuckilyC. HnrablyD. Prudly
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When Kylie____11____(treat) by Dr. Michelle Lim, ne f Australia’s leading scientific experts n lneliness, she talked abut her life.____12____(drive) by tw children and a cmpany, she felt that n ne understd her struggles. With her hands s full, she didn’t think it was pssible t feel lnely. But she discvered lneliness desn’t nly happen t peple____13____are islated. Instead, she said, it was abut feeling discnnected frm thers.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Learning is a relatively permanent change in behaviur that____14____(mark) an increase in knwledge, skills, r understanding thanks t recrded memries. A memry is the fruit f this learning prcess. Yu can remember a new picce f infrmatin better if yu can assciate it____15____previusly acquired knwledge. And the mre meaningful the assciatin is t yu persnally, the mre effectively it will help yu t remember. S taking the time____16____(chse) a meaningful assciatin can pay ff in the lng run.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In a study, subjects wh practiced the made-up language mderately befrehand made____17____（few）errrs than thse wh practiced extensively r nt at all. High levels f knwledge can make peple t attached t traditinal ways f viewing prblems acrss fields. High cnscientiusness（自觉性）is related t lwer jb____18____（perfrm）, especially in simple jbs where it desn't pay t be a perfectinist.
Hw lng we stay n the clck and hw we spend that time are under careful examinatin in many wrkplaces. The yung banker wh eats lunch at his desk is prbably seen as a g-getter,____19____his clleagues wh chat ver a relaxed cnference-rm meal get dirty lks frm the crner ffice. Peple frm cultures that value relatinships mre than urs des____20____（shck）by the thught f eating alne in frnt f a cmputer.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Yur cllege essay shuld cnvince admissin fficers, in less than ten minutes, that yu wuld be a gd match fr their clleges. At the mst basic level, the essay demnstrates yur cmmunicatin and writing skills. In additin, the essay allws admissin fficers t discver mre abut yu as a persn—a side f yu nt reflected in statistics like grades and Schlastic Assessment Test（SAT）scres.
Hw the essay is evaluated
•Did yu address the questin asked?
•Is yur writing mechanically sund? Is yur writing style cmfrtable? Can yu cnstruct a gd sentence? Can yu put tgether a cgent paragraph?
•Can yu discuss a theme? Is yur argument lgical? Did yu begin and end the essay with sme finesse?
•D yu write with style, nuance and creativity—and in a distinctive vice?
Chsing a tpic
While there are n inherently bad essay tpics, be careful abut the fllwing subjects:
•Winning r lsing the big game
•Death f a pet
•Friendship prblems
•Anything that suggests that yu dn't see the future beynd high schl.
•Simple slutins t wrld prblems.
•Remember t answer the questin!
Plishing the essay
•Craft an interesting pening sentence t hk the reader. If it's dull, the reader will be bred.
•Be things abut yurself withut being cnfessinal.
•Beware f trying t impress admissin fficers with what yu think they want t hear.
•Dn't be afraid t use yur umaginatin r t be uncnventinal.
•Have a teacher, parent r friend read yur secnd draft. Ask them: Is it interesting? Des it sund like me? Was it fun t read?
Navigatinal hazards
The little details aren't the mst imprtant part f the essay, but yu dn't want the admissin cmmittee t think yu're a careless writer.
•Always prfread befre prducing the final draft. If yu are tired f the essay, let smene else prf it. Check fr spelling errrs; spellcheck wn't catch everything!
•Dn't plagiarize: admissin fficers have read widely and have sphisticated ways f checking cntent.
•Dn't get verwhelned abut cmpsing yur essay—write what yu feel, d it yu'll make a great impressin!
21. Accrding t the passage, students are expected t
A. include all details f academic reprts
B. ffer slutins t cmplex wrld issues
C. describe schl experiences f friendships
D. shw their cmmunicatin and writing ability
22. Which f the fllwing makes a great cllege essay?
A. T create an appealing pening.
B. T skip the little unimprtant details.
C. T duble check the final draft by yurself.
D. T be careful enugh with what yu really feel.
23. Where can yu mst prbably read this passage?
A. Academic jurnal.B. Newspaper clumn.
C. Teen magazine.D. University website.
B
Harvey Suttn spent nearly seven mnths hiking with his parents, walking the thusands f miles that make up the cmplete Appalachian Trail(AT). Harvey, r “Little Man”, was just 4 years ld when he started, and celebrated his 5th birthday n the trail.
Harvey’s parents, Jsh and Cassic Sutin, have been hiking with Harvey since he was tw. They prepared him fr hiking the AT by starting ut with lts f shrter walks and hikes.
It tk Harvey and his family 209 days t cmplete the entire AT. Every day the family wuld wake up arund 5:30 in the mrning. They wuld have breakfast and pack up their tent and sleeping bags befre setting ff thrugh the wds. In general, the family hiked abut 16 kilmeters a day befre stpping t camp again.
During his days n the AT, Harvey liked t use his imaginatin. This helped him walk mre quickly and have fun while he hiked. He played games with his mm and dad and ther hikers. Harvey says he enjyed playing the “cell phne game” where yu pretend yu are different peple.
Harvey and his family made friends with ther hikers n the trail. Alng the way, Harvey earned the nickname f “Little Man”.
Karl Dnus Sakas hiked with the Suttns thrugh seven states. He helped make the hike fun fr Harvey by creating a treasure hunt fr him t cmplete.
But Harvey als enjyed the smetimes hard wrk f hiking. “My favrite part was the rck scrambles,” he says, “because they were s fun and hard.”
Mr. Sakas says Harvey didn’t seem t get tired. When ther hikers were wrn ut at the end f the day, Harvey was still eager fr a game f freeze tag.
Cmpleting the AT taught Harvey and his parents hw t wrk as a team and hw t take n challenges tgether. Harvey’s mm says that because f the experience, “We’re clser than ever befre.”
24. Accrding t the stry, we knw that .
A. Harvey Suttn started hiking at the age f 4.
B. Harvey is physically strnger than ther hikers.
C. Harvey Suttn managed the trip thrugh fun activities.
D. Harvey was accmpanied by Karl Dnus Sakas t cmplete the trail.
25. Which wrd can best describe the trail, accrding t Harvey?
A. EnjyableB. TiringC. TughD. Nvel
26. What can we learn frm the stry?
A. Success lies in perseverance.B. Many hands make light wrk.
C. Like father, like sn.D. N pains, n gains.
C
Beethven wrte many famus pieces f music, but he’s prbably best knwn fr his nine symphnies. A symphny is a lng, cmplicated piece f classical music, usually divided int fur parts. The fur parts are ften linked by “themes”—repeated musical ideas that tie the whle piece tgether.
When Beethven died in 1827, he had sme ideas fr a 10th Symphny. But all that he left behind were sme ntes abut the piece and a few “sketches”—shrt bits f written music.
In 2019, a special team f musicians, cmputer scientists, and histrians was frmed. Their gal: t try t cmplete Beethven’s 10th Symphny t celebrate his 250th birthday. The team didn’t just want t cmplete the symphny, they wanted t cme as clse as pssible t prducing the symphny that Beethven meant t write. That’s where deep learning came in. Deep learning—smetimes called Artificial Intelligence (AI)—describes cmputer prgrams that srt deeply thrugh huge amunts f infrmatin. This allws them t find patterns humans may nt have nticed. The prgrams can then use thse patterns in new and surprising ways.
T train an AI t help with the symphny, the team turned every piece f music that Beethven ever wrte int a frm the cmputer culd understand.
By feeding the prgram all f Beethven’s music, the AI culd lk fr patterns in the way Beethven wrte. This included, fr example, hw he re-used simple meldies all thrugh a piece t create a theme, r hw he mved between different parts f the symphny.
Other members f the team studied Beethven’s ntes and sketches, and wrked t figure ut what Beethven was planning t d. Where in the symphny did he plan t use each little bit f music that he left?
________. They played a few minutes f music created by the AI fr Beethven experts, musicians, and reprters. N ne culd tell which parts had been written by Beethven and which parts the AI made up.
Finally, the AI had the challenge f trying t cnnect the little musical bits int a symphny. It tk ver tw years, but the team was able t cmplete Beethven’s 10th Symphny. Nt simply a meldy, but 40 minutes f music fr a full rchestra—a large grup f musicians playing everything frm string instruments, like vilins, t trumpets, flutes, drums, and pian. S Beethven nw has a 10th Symphny. And thugh Beethven didn’t write it all, the team feels sure that the music is very much like what he might have written, if he’d had the chance.
27. What des “That” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Hw t imprve Beethven’s symphnies.
B. Hw t celebrate Beethven’s 250th birthday.
C. Hw t restre Beethven’s riginal thught accurately.
D. Hw t cmplete Beethven’s 10th Symphny efficiently.
28. Which f the fllwing statement can be best filled in Paragraph 7?
A. The test shwed the team was n the right track.
B. The newly created music was beynd cmparisn.
C. The 10th Symphny was presented t be successful.
D. The first attempt prved the symphny was a masterpiece.
29. What can be inferred abut the applicatin f AI in music?
A. They trained an AI t fllw every nte that Beethven wrte.
B. Cmputer prgrams were written t turn these patterns int ntes.
C. They taught AI t figure ut hw the music was played by Beethven.
D. The AI managed t discver the patterns after prcessing the prgrams.
30. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. AI Is Applied t Playing Classical Music.
B. AI Is Used t Finish Beethven’s Music.
C. The Prcess f Beethven’s Creatin f Music.
D. Beethven’s Last but the Mst Famus Symphny.
D
Applied Ethics
Althugh ethics classes are cmmn arund the wrld, scientists are unsure if their lessns can actually change behavir; evidence either way is weak, relying n cntrived labratry tests r smetimes unreliable self-reprts. But a new study published in Cgnitin fund that, in at least ne real-wrld situatin, a single ethics lessn may have had lasting effects.
The researchers investigated ne class sessin’s impact n eating meat. Accrding t study c-authr Eric Schwitzgebel, a philspher at the University f Califrnia, Riverside: students’ attitudes n the tpic are variable and unstable, behavir is easily measurable, and ethics literature largely agrees that eating less meat is gd because it reduces envirnmental harm and animal suffering. Half f the students in fur large philsphy classes read an article n the ethics f factry-farmed meat, ptinally watched an 11-minute vide n the tpic and jined a 50-minute discussin. The ther half fcused n charitable giving instead. Then, unbeknwnst t the students, the researchers studied their annymized meal-card purchases fr that semester — nearly 14,000 receipts fr almst 500 students. “It’s an awesme data set,” says Nina Strhminger, a psychlgist wh teaches business ethics at the University f Pennsylvania and was nt invlved in the study.
Schwitzgebel predicted the interventin wuld have n effect; he had previusly fund that ethics prfessrs d nt differ frm ther prfessrs n a range f behavirs, including vting rates, bld dnatin and returning library bks. But amng student subjects wh discussed meat ethics, meal purchases cntaining meat decreased frm 52 t 45 percent — and this effect held steady fr the study’s duratin f several weeks. Purchases frm the ther grup remained at 52 percent.
“That’s actually a pretty large effect fr a pretty small interventin.” Schwitzgebel says. Strhminger agrees: “The thing that still blws my mind is that the nly thing that’s different between these tw cases is just that ne day in class.” She says she wants the effect t be real but cannt rule ut sme unknwn cnfunding variable. And if real. Strhminger ntes, it might be reversible by anther nudge: “Easy cme, easy g.”
Schwitzgebel suspects the greatest impact came frm scial influence — classmates r teaching assistants leading the discussins may have shared their wn vegetarianism, shwing it as achievable r mre cmmn. Secnd, the vide may have had an emtinal impact. Least rusing, he thinks, was ratinal argument, althugh his c-authrs say reasn might play a bigger rle. Nw the researchers are prbing the specific effects f teaching style, teaching assistants’ eating habits and students’ vide expsure. Meanwhile Schwitzgebel wh had predicted n effect — will be eating his wrds.
31. Paragraph 2 is mainly abut .
A. Research reasns and prcess
B. Research subjects and findings
C. Research tpic and significance
D. Research data cllectin and analysis
32. Which f the fllwing desn’t lead t the researchers’ investigatin int meat-eating amng students?
A. Students’ knwledge f the tpic.
B. Students’ easily-measured behavirs.
C. Students’ changeable and unsteady attitudes.
D. Students’ unawareness f ethics lessns’ impact.
33. What des the underlined phrase “blws my mind” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Cnvinces me.B. Upsets me.C. Alarms me.D. Amazes me.
34. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T prve Schwitzgebel’s predictin is wrng.
B. T shw teaching wrks in behavir changing.
C. T explain students are easy t make a change.
D. T justify investigatin int ethics is wrthwhile.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If yu are f the “n regrets” schl f life, yu might think that all this regret is a recipe fr unhappiness. But that isn’t the case. True, letting yurself be verwhelmed by regret is indeed bad fr yu. But ging t the ther extreme may be even wrse. T extinguish yur regrets desn’t free yu frm shame r srrw; it cnsigns yu t make the same mistakes again and again. T truly get ver ur guilt requires that we put regret in its prper place.
As uncmfrtable as it is, regret is an amazing cgnitive feat. It requires that yu g back t a past scenari, imagine that yu acted differently t change it, and with that new scenari in mind, arrive at a different present—and then, cmpare that fictinal present with the ne yu are experiencing in reality._____35_____Yu wuld remember yur wn pettiness and irritability, and then imagine yurself shwing mre patience, being kind instead f hurtful at key mments. Then yu wuld fast-frward t tday and see hw yur relatinship culd be flurishing instead f languishing.
_____36_____Pink says they cme in fur basic varieties, and an instance f regret may invlve just ne r a cmbinatin. Wishing yu’d been kinder t yur partner is an example f a cnnectin regret, in which yu lament behavir that harmed an imprtant relatinship, such as spiling a rmance r neglecting yur bnd with relatives befre they died.
Many cnnectin regrets verlap with mral regrets, which can cme abut after yu vilate yur wn values. Fr example, yu may pride yurself n being a lving persn, and thus regret nt living up t this image in the relatinship yu harmed. Mral regrets can als invlve just yurself._____37_____
Pink’s ther tw categries f regrets invlve life chices. Fundatin regrets are thse in which yu did smething that affected the curse f yur life in a way yu dn’t like. A classic example is wishing yu had stayed in schl_____38_____. They are all abut inactin and frgne pprtunities. This is what yu feel when yu kick yurself fr nt taking a chance, as in wishing yu had just gne up t that attractive persn and intrduced yurself.
_____39_____Regret is implicated in depressin and anxiety, and excessive regret can adversely affect yur hrmnes and immune system. In 2013, researchers asked ne grup f participants in an experiment t describe “yur mst burdensme regret” right befre ging t bed; this grup tk 61 percent lnger t get t sleep than a grup tld t think abut a typical day.
But regret desn’t have t be left unmanaged. The trick is nt t remve the bad feeling; it’s t acknwledge it and use it fr learning and imprvement. Instead f letting the specter f yur failed relatinship make yu miserable, by simply wishing it had tuned ut differently yu can be hnest with yurself abut what went wrng and use that knwledge t enjy better relatinships in the future.
A. Nt all regrets are the same f curse.
B. Meanwhile, bldness regrets are the ppsite.
C. Regret may hurt, but bsessing ver them is destructive.
D. Yur regret can teach yu t becme smarter and mre successful—if yu let it.
E. Unanalyzed and unmanaged, any variety f regret can be pisn fr yur well-being.
F. Maybe yu regret nt living up t yur cmmitment t yur health when yu ate a whle pizza r skipped the gym.
G. Fr example, if tday yur relatinship with yur partner has sured, yur regret might mentally take yu back t last year.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Imagine playing a game f Old Maid with a child. She is abut t pick a card. It wuld cst her the game. Yu think abut hw excited she'd be if she wn. S yu hint that she might want t select anther card. She des. She wins. Yu’re bth happy. But was letting her win a wise mve?
Scientists and children experts have lng said lsing nce in a while helps children build cping skills. It als helps them learn what the real wrld is like.
A new study has been dne by Amherst Cllege and the University f Virginia. The study lks at 4 and 5-year-lds. The researchers cnducted a serics f trials where the children played a game with hidden bjects.
Tw adults gave clues t the lcatins f the bjects. One adult gave accurate clues. The ther gave false nes. Then, the rescarchers set up the game s that half f the kids always fund the hidden bject as the uncntrlled grup. The remaining children played anther game in the cntrlled grup. This game was left t chance. They were mre likely t find ut the hidden bjects if they listened carefully. After all, ne adult wuld give helpful infrmatin.
Afterwards, researchers asked the kids which f the tw adults they’d select t help them find mre hidden bjects? The kids in the uncntrlled game preferred the adult wh gave accurate clues. But thse in the cntrlled versin had n preference.
That means if yu always let children win, they might nt learn t spt imprtant infrmatin relevant t future success.
Cheating t help kids win games has ties t tday’s “trphy games.”Children are ften given rewards simply fr participating in sprts and ther cmpetitive events.
Parents may believe they are assuring their child’s gd self-esteem by rewarding them fr shwing up, says Nicki Nance, wh is a licensed psychlgist and a prfessr at Beacn Cllege.
Althugh giving participatin prize isn’t necessarily harmful, it is imprtant fr children t learn hw t distinguish true accmplishments frm mere participatin.
“Self-esteem desn’t cme frm being adred.” Nance says. It cmes frm mastery. “If we dn’t let children fail, they miss the pprtunity t take wnership f success.”
40. Why d scientists and children experts say lsing nce in a while is helpful?
_________________________________________________________________
41. Why did the children in the cntrlled grup have n preference in chsing adult t help them find mre hidden bjects?
_________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
▶T help children learn hw t distinguish true accmplishments frm mere parricipatin, participatin prize shuld nt be awarded.
_________________________________________________________________
43. Please explain what yu have learned frm yur failure with an example. （In abut 40 wrds）
_________________________________________________________________
第二节（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim在你们学校网站上看到了学生参加职业规划与体验活动的照片。很感兴趣，发来邮件询问、请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1.该项活动的相关信息（时间、内容……）；
2.你参加该项活动的感受。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：职业规划 career planning
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. D 8. D 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在穷困潦倒之际受到埃斯特修女帮助的感人故事。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的薪水只能维持生计。A. reward奖励；B. survival生存；C. salary工资；D. fcus关注，焦点。前文提到“I lst my jb right befre Christmas. I was the nly parent f a daughter”（我在圣诞节前丢了工作。我女儿只有我一个家长。）判断，作为单亲家长的作者又丢掉了工作，只能勉强维持生计。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们在寻找圣诞树时，我看着每个价签，努力使自己高兴起来。A. cheerful高兴的；B. sad难过的；C. wrried焦虑的；D. pleased满意的。根据上文“I lst my jb right befre Christmas. ”（我在圣诞节前丢了工作。）判断，作者的钱只够维持生计，没有办法负担额外的事情，但又是圣诞节，为了女儿要努力表现出高兴的样子。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：星期一早上，我出发去筹集资金。A. pursue追求；B. change改变；C. raise筹集；D. brrw借到。根据后文“I sld sme Precius Mments figurines in an antiques stre. ”（我在一家古董店卖了一些珍贵时刻的小雕像）判断，作者通过变卖一些东西来增加家里的收入，为家里筹钱。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：随着我的银行存款越来越少，我疯狂地找工作。A. tk up拿起；开始从事；B. held dwn抑制；压制；C. gt n上车；D. applied fr申请。后文提到“as my bank accunt grew smaller.”（随着我银行存款越来越少）由此判断，作者因为钱越来越少所以才要疯狂地找工作。故选D。
【5题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我沮丧地开车回家。A. surprised惊讶的；B. trubled动乱的，不安的；C. defeated受挫的，泄气的；D. mtivated积极的。前文提到“I watched as she went in, surrunded by all the nice things we culdn’t affrd.”（我看着她走进去，周围都是我们买不起的好东西）作者看到这些好东西自己又买不起，再联想到自己的处境，应该是感觉到非常受挫。故选C。
【6题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我注意到一个留着短短的白发的娇小的女人在寒风中挣扎着打开车门。A. in在……里面；B with和……一起；C. beynd超越；D. against和……对抗。前文提到“a petite wman with shrt white hair struggling t pen her car dr”（一个娇小的女人在寒风中打开车门）由此判断，埃斯特修女娇小的身躯要和寒风对抗，她很艰难的才能打开车门。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃斯特修女很理解，她会带着填色书来让克里斯汀开心。A. teach教；B. ccupy占据；C. welcme欢迎；D. entertain娱乐，使……高兴。前文提到“Kristil was 3 at the time, and I smetimes tk her t class. ”（克丽丝蒂当时3岁，我有时带她去上课。）由此判断，给3岁的小朋友填色书应该是让小朋友玩。故选D。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃斯特修女的出现给了我一切都会好起来的希望。A. gift礼物；B. teaching教育；C. assistance协助；D. presence出现。前文提到““Well, I called yur jb and they said yu weren’t wrking there anymre, s I thught I wuld cme by,” she said. “I have gifts fr yu and Kristil.””（“嗯，我给你的公司打过电话，他们说你不在那里工作了，所以我想我可以过来看看，”她说。“我有礼物要给你和克丽丝蒂”）由此判断，作者对埃斯特修女的出现是非常惊讶和惊喜的，而且她还为正处于困境的作者和女儿带来了礼物，作者因此非常感动，从而认为正是埃斯特修女的出现带给了自己希望。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：数着数着，感激的泪水涌上了我的眼眶。A. affectin喜爱；B. verjy万分高兴；C. gratitude感激之情；D. excitement兴奋。后文提到“Sister Esther had given me $1,000.”（埃斯特修女给了我1000美元。）作者现在急需用钱，而埃斯特修女给了她1000美元，帮助作者解决了燃眉之急，由此判断，作者流下了感激的泪水。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我就是其中之一。A. Generally通常；B. Luckily幸运地；C. Hnrably体面地；D. Prudly傲慢地。前文提到“It’s been 14 years since that Christmas, but I’ve never frgtten what Sister Esther did fr us. In 2020, at age 91, she died, but the lve she gave lives n in the hearts f many.”（距离那个圣诞节已经过去14年了，但我从未忘记埃斯特修女为我们所做的一切。2020年，91岁的她去世了，但她给予的爱活在了许多人的心中。）在作者穷困潦倒的时候，埃斯特修女的帮助让作者顺利渡过难关，由此判断，作者因为受到了她的帮助而感到非常的幸运。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】11. was treated
12. Driven 13. wh##that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了凯莉在接受治疗时发现了自己原来是孤独的这一事实。
【11题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：当凯莉接受澳大利亚顶尖的孤独问题科学专家Michelle Lim博士的治疗时，她谈到了自己的生活。结合主句谓语talked用一般过去时可知，从句主语Kylie和从句谓语动词treat是被动关系，treat用一般过去时的被动语态，从句主语Kylie，从句谓语单数形式，故填was treated。
【12题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：在两个孩子和一家公司的驱使下，她觉得没有人理解她的挣扎。主句已有谓语felt且无连词，动词drive用非谓语形式，逻辑主语she与动词drive是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Driven。
【13题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：但她发现孤独不仅仅发生在被孤立的人身上。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是peple，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词wh/that。故填wh/that。
【答案】14. marks
15. with 16. t chse
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了学习是一种相对永久性的行为变化，它标志着由于记录记忆而在知识、技能或理解方面的增长。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：学习是一种相对永久性的行为变化，它标志着由于记录记忆而在知识、技能或理解方面的增长。分析句子可知，该句是定语从句，从句中缺少谓语，that指代先行词behaviur，先行词是单数形式，为保证主谓一致，从句中谓语也要使用单数形式。故填marks。
【15题详解】
考查介词。句意：如果你能把新信息和之前的知识联系起来，你就能更好地记住新信息。分析句子可知，空处是固定短语assciate with，意为“联合；与……联系在一起”。故填with。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：所以花点时间选择一个有意义的社团从长远来看会有回报。分析句子可知，空处是固定搭配take time t d sth.，意为“花费时间做……”。故填t chse。
【答案】17. fewer
18. perfrmance
19. but##while
20. are shcked
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道体。主要阐述的是一些心理学、职业等方面的实践和研究结果，如人们在学习语言时适度练习会比过度练习或不适当练习表现更好，以及高度自觉性对于简单工作表现的负面影响等。
【17题详解】
考查比较级。句意：在一项研究中，事先适度练习这门虚构语言的受试者比过度或不练习的受试者犯错更少。根据“mderately”及其反义词“nt at all”可知，“中度地”练习比 “不练习”或“过度练习”时犯的错误更少，结合空后than可知空处应为比较级，故填fewer。
【18题详解】
考查名词。句意：高自觉性与较差的工作表现有关，尤其是在那些追求完美主义无法获得好处的简单工作中。根据空前jb及所给提示词可知，jb修饰空处名词做定语，故填perfrmance。
【19题详解】
考查连词。句意：年轻的银行家在自己的办公桌上吃午饭，可能被认为是一个积极主动的人，但那些在轻松的会议室用餐时聊天的同事则会被办公室里的人瞪眼。根据句意可知，空处前后为转折关系，表示“但是”，故填but或while。
【20题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：那些更加强调人际关系的文化，对于独自在电脑前进餐甚至还会感到震惊。主语cultures为复数，根据句意，“独自在电脑前进餐”是一个普遍现象，用一般现在时态，结合空后by及所给提示词可知，空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，故填are shcked。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章针对如何提升和完善你的大学论文提出了相关建议。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“At the mst basic level, the essay demnstrates yur cmmunicatin and writing skills. (在最基本的层面上，这篇文章展示了你的沟通和写作技巧。)”可知，在该篇论文中期待学生们展示沟通和写作技能。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Plishing the essay部分中“Craft an interesting pening sentence t hk the reader. If it's dull, the reader will be bred.(写一个有趣的开场白来吸引读者。如果内容乏味，读者就会感到无聊。)”可知，写一个有趣的开场白来吸引读者，不会让读者感到无聊。这是一篇好的论文。故选A。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“In additin, the essay allws admissin fficers t discver mre abut yu as a persn—a side f yu nt reflected in statistics like grades and Schlastic Assessment Test（SAT）scres.(此外，这篇文章还能让招生官更多地了解你这个人——你没有在成绩和学术评估考试(SAT)分数等统计数据中反映出来的一面。)”可知，文章针对提升和完善大学论文提出了相关建议，通过该篇论文展示了没有在SAT（美国高考）分数等统计数据中反映出来的学生的另外一面，因此本文主要是针对即将考入大学的青少年们提出的完善大学论文写作的建议，由此推断文章出自青少年杂志。故选C。
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述4岁的Harvey Suttn（哈维·萨顿）和父母一起历经将近7个月爬完了阿帕拉契亚山的事情。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“During his days n the AT, Harvey liked t use his imaginatin. This helped him walk mre quickly and have fun while he hiked. He played games with his mm and dad and ther hikers. Harvey says he enjyed playing the “cell phne game” where yu pretend yu are different peple. (在爬阿帕拉契亚山的日子里，哈维喜欢发挥自己的想象力。这有助于他走得更快，在徒步旅行时也能玩得开心。他和他的父母以及其他徒步旅行者一起玩游戏。哈维说，他喜欢玩“手机游戏”，假装自己是不同的人)”可知，哈维通过有趣的活动使得这次旅行更快的进行。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段“But Harvey als enjyed the smetimes hard wrk f hiking. “My favrite part was the rck scrambles,” he says, “because they were s fun and hard.”(但哈维也喜欢有时艰苦的徒步旅行。“我最喜欢的部分是摇滚乐，”他说，“因为它们既有趣又艰难。”)”推知，在哈维看来，这次旅行是让他很愉快的。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Cmpleting the AT taught Harvey and his parents hw t wrk as a team and hw t take n challenges tgether. Harvey’s mm says that because f the experience, “We’re clser than ever befre.”(爬阿帕拉契亚山教会了哈维和他的父母如何作为一个团队工作，以及如何共同应对挑战。哈维的妈妈说，因为这次经历，“我们比以往任何时候都更亲密了。”)”可知，哈维他们的爬山经历告诉我们要团结合作，共同应对挑战。故选B。
【答案】27. C 28. A 29. C 30. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一支由音乐家、计算机科学家和历史学家组成的特别团队运用AI技术，完成了贝多芬的第十交响曲。
【27题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“The team didn’t just want t cmplete the symphny, they wanted t cme as clse as pssible t prducing the symphny that Beethven meant t write. That’s where deep learning came in.(该团队不仅想完成交响乐，他们还想尽可能接近地创作贝多芬想要创作的交响乐。这就是机器学习的用武之地)”可知，That指代的是上文提及的尽可能接近地创作贝多芬想要创作的交响乐，即如何准确地还原贝多芬起初的思想。故选C。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段“They played a few minutes f music created by the AI fr Beethven experts, musicians, and reprters. N ne culd tell which parts had been written by Beethven and which parts the AI made up.(他们播放了几分钟人工智能为贝多芬专家、音乐家和记者创作的音乐。没有人能说出哪些部分是贝多芬写的，哪些部分是人工智能编的)”可知，经过测试之后发现，人们无法分辨音乐是贝多芬所写还是人工智能所编，“测试表明这支队伍走在了正确的轨道上”引出下文，符合题意。故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Deep learning—smetimes called Artificial Intelligence (AI)—describes cmputer prgrams that srt deeply thrugh huge amunts f infrmatin. This allws them t find patterns humans may nt have nticed. The prgrams can then use thse patterns in new and surprising ways.(机器学习有时被称为人工智能（AI），描述的是对大量信息进行深度排序的计算机程序。这使它们能够找到人类可能没有注意到的模式。然后，程序可以以新的、令人惊讶的方式使用这些模式)”以及第五段“T train an AI t help with the symphny, the team turned every piece f music that Beethven ever wrte int a frm the cmputer culd understand.(为了训练AI来帮助创作交响乐，该团队将贝多芬创作的每一首音乐都变成了计算机能够理解的形式)”可知，团队将贝多芬创作的音乐转变成计算机能够理解的形式，然后计算机程序可以处理进而使用这些模式，即他们教会人工智能弄清楚了贝多芬是如何演奏音乐的。故选C。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Finally, the AI had the challenge f trying t cnnect the little musical bits int a symphny. It tk ver tw years, but the team was able t cmplete Beethven’s 10th Symphny.(最后，人工智能面临的挑战是试图将音乐的小片段连接成交响乐。虽然花了两年多的时间，但这支队伍还是完成了贝多芬的第十交响曲)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了一支由音乐家、计算机科学家和历史学家组成的特别团队运用AI技术，完成了贝多芬的第十交响曲，所以“人工智能被用来完成贝多芬的音乐”可以作为文章标题。故选B。
【答案】31. A 32. D 33. D 34. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，证明了道德课会对学生行为产生影响。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。由第二段中的“The researchers investigated ne class sessin’s impact n eating meat. (研究人员调查了一节课对吃肉的影响)”和“Half f the students in fur large philsphy classes read an article n the ethics f factry-farmed meat, ptinally watched an 11-minute vide n the tpic and jined a 50-minute discussin. The ther half fcused n charitable giving instead. Then, unbeknwnst t the students, the researchers studied their annymized meal-card purchases fr that semester — nearly 14,000 receipts fr almst 500 students. (四个大型哲学班的一半学生阅读了一篇关于工厂化养殖肉类伦理的文章，有选择地观看了一段11分钟的视频，并参加了50分钟的讨论。另一半则专注于慈善捐赠。然后，在学生们不知情的情况下，研究人员研究了他们在该学期购买的匿名餐卡——近500名学生的近14000张收据)”可知，第二段主要讲为了调查一节课对吃肉的影响而实施的研究过程，即研究原因和过程。故选A项。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的“students’ attitudes n the tpic are variable and unstable, behavir is easily measurable, and ethics literature largely agrees that eating less meat is gd because it reduces envirnmental harm and animal suffering. (学生对这个话题的态度是多变和不稳定的，行为很容易衡量，伦理文献基本上同意少吃肉类是好的，因为它可以减少对环境的伤害和动物的痛苦)”可知，学生对该主题的了解（相关伦理文献）、学生易于衡量的行为和学生多变和不稳定的态度都是导致了研究人员对学生吃肉的调查，D项“学生不知道道德课的影响”未提及。故选D项。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。由第四段中的““That’s actually a pretty large effect fr a pretty small interventin.” Schwitzgebel says. Strhminger agrees: “The thing that still blws my mind is that the nly thing that’s different between these tw cases is just that ne day in class.”(“对于一个很小的干预来说，这实际上是一个相当大的影响。”Schwitzgebel说。Strhminger对此表示赞同：“blws my mind的东西是，这两种情况之间唯一不同的地方就是上课的那一天。”)”可知，很小的干预有很大影响，这反差令人震惊，Strhminger也表示同意。由此推知，划线短语blws my mind应该是“令我震惊”的同义或近义词，选项D“令我惊讶”与之意义最为接近。故选D项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段“Althugh ethics classes are cmmn arund the wrld, scientists are unsure if their lessns can actually change behavir; evidence either way is weak, relying n cntrived labratry tests r smetimes unreliable self-reprts. But a new study published in Cgnitin fund that, in at least ne real-wrld situatin, a single ethics lessn may have had lasting effects. (尽管伦理学课程在世界各地都很常见，但科学家们不确定他们的课程是否真的能改变行为；无论哪种方式的证据都很薄弱，依赖于人为的实验室测试或有时不可靠的自我报告。但发表在《认知》杂志上的一项新研究发现，至少在一种现实世界中，一堂伦理课可能会产生持久的影响)”，第四段中的““That’s actually a pretty large effect fr a pretty small interventin.” Schwitzgebel says. (“对于一个很小的干预来说，这实际上是一个相当大的影响。”Schwitzgebel说)”和最后一段中的“Schwitzgebel suspects the greatest impact came frm scial influence — classmates r teaching assistants leading the discussins may have shared their wn vegetarianism, shwing it as achievable r mre cmmn. Secnd, the vide may have had an emtinal impact. Least rusing, he thinks, was ratinal argument, althugh his c-authrs say reasn might play a bigger rle. Nw the researchers are prbing the specific effects f teaching style, teaching assistants’ eating habits and students’ vide expsure. (Schwitzgebel怀疑最大的影响来自社会影响——领导讨论的同学或助教可能分享了他们自己的素食主义，这表明素食主义是可以实现的或更普遍。其次，视频可能产生了情感影响。他认为，最不令人振奋的是理性的论点，尽管他的合著者说理性可能会发挥更大的作用。现在，研究人员正在探索教学风格、助教的饮食习惯和学生的视频曝光的具体影响)”可知，研究的主要目的是讲述道德课对行为会产生影响，即证明对道德的调查是值得的。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
【答案】35. G 36. A 37. F 38. B 39. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了遗憾的不同类型，遗憾不必被忽视，要承认遗憾并将其用于学习和进步。
【35题详解】
上文“It requires that yu g back t a past scenari, imagine that yu acted differently t change it, and with that new scenari in mind, arrive at a different present—and then, cmpare that fictinal present with the ne yu are experiencing in reality.(这需要你回到过去的场景，想象你采取了不同的行动来改变它，伴随想象那个新的场景，得出一个不同的现在，然后将虚构的现在与你在现实中经历的现在进行比较)”说明遗憾需要你回到过去的场景，并想象可能发生的改变，G项“例如，如果今天你和伴侣的关系恶化了，你的遗憾可能会让你回到去年。”举例说明遗憾可能会让人回到过去的场景，承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
【36题详解】
下文“Pink says they cme in fur basic varieties, and an instance f regret may invlve just ne r a cmbinatin.( Pink说它们有四种基本的变体，而遗憾的例子可能只涉及一种或多种组合)”说明遗憾有不同的类型，A项“当然，并不是所有的遗憾都是一样的。”说明并不是所有的遗憾都一样，引出下文，符合题意。故选A。
【37题详解】
上文“Many cnnectin regrets verlap with mral regrets, which can cme abut after yu vilate yur wn values.(许多联系遗憾与道德遗憾重叠，道德遗憾可能是在你违反自己的价值观之后产生的)”说明道德遗憾涉及自身，可能在违反自己的价值观后产生，F项“当你吃了一整块披萨或略过健身房时，也许你遗憾没有履行对健康的承诺。”举例说明违反自己价值观后产生的遗憾，承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
【38题详解】
上文“Pink’s ther tw categries f regrets invlve life chices. Fundatin regrets are thse in which yu did smething that affected the curse f yur life in a way yu dn’t like. A classic example is wishing yu had stayed in schl(Pink的另外两类遗憾涉及人生选择。基础遗憾是指你做了一些你不喜欢的事情，影响了你的生活进程。一个典型的例子是，希望自己留在学校)”提出了Pink的另外两类遗憾，且上文提出了基础遗憾，由此推知，空处应提出另一种遗憾。B项“同时，显著的遗憾恰恰相反。”引出下文，符合题意。bldness呼应上文fundatin。故选B。
【39题详解】
下文“Regret is implicated in depressin and anxiety, and excessive regret can adversely affect yur hrmnes and immune system.(遗憾与抑郁和焦虑有关，过度遗憾会对你的激素和免疫系统产生不利影响)”说明过度遗憾会影响身体健康，E项“未经分析和管理，任何形式的遗憾都可能对你的健康有害。”说明未经分析和管理的遗憾可能对健康有害，引出下文，符合题意。故选E。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
【答案】40. Lsing nce in a while is helpful in that it nt nly helps children build cping skills, but als helps them learn what the real wrld is like.
41. Because they can learn t spt imprtant infrmatin relevant t future success.
42. T help children learn hw t distinguish true accmplishments frm mere participatin, participatin prize shuld nt be awarded.
Because giving participatin prize is helpful in that it is imprtant fr children t learn hw t distinguish true accmplishments frm mere participatin.
43. 开放题。言之有理即可。The example that I failed in the first driving test let me knw the imprtance f safe driving in reality. It als made me understand the true meaning f the saying that failure is the mther f success. （38）
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。科学家和儿童专家长期以来一直认为，偶尔的失败有助于孩子建立应对技能。这也有助于他们了解现实世界是什么样的。文章讲述要让孩子从失败中来成就其成功的体验，如果我们不让孩子失败，他们就失去了拥有成功的机会。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“Scientists and children experts have lng said lsing nce in a while helps children build cping skills. It als helps them learn what the real wrld is like.”（科学家和儿童专家长期以来一直认为，偶尔的失败有助于孩子建立应对技能。这也有助于他们了解现实世界是什么样的。）可知，科学家和儿童专家一直认为，偶尔的失败不但有助于孩子建立应对技能，也有助于他们了解现实世界是什么样的。故答案为： Lsing nce in a while is helpful in that it nt nly helps children build cping skills, but als helps them learn what the real wrld is like.
【41题详解】
考查推理判断。根据第二段中“The remaining children played anther game in the cntrlled grup. This game was left t chance. They were mre likely t find ut the hidden bjects if they listened carefully.”（其余的孩子在对照组中玩另一个游戏。这场比赛就看运气了。如果他们仔细倾听，他们更有可能发现隐藏的物体。）第三段“That means if yu always let children win, they might nt learn t spt imprtant infrmatin relevant t future success.”（这意味着如果你总是让孩子赢，他们可能不会学会发现与未来成功相关的重要信息。）可知，当你总是让孩子赢，他们可能不会学会发现与未来成功相关的重要信息。而对于cntrlled grup的孩子们而言，如果他们仔细倾听，他们更有可能发现隐藏的物体。所以他们对大人的选择没有偏好。即因为他们可以学会发现与未来成功相关的重要信息。故答案为：Because they can learn t spt imprtant infrmatin relevant t future success.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“Althugh giving participatin prize isn’t necessarily harmful, it is imprtant fr children t learn hw t distinguish true accmplishments frm mere participatin.”（虽然颁发参与奖并不一定是有害的，但对孩子们来说，学会如何区分真正的成就和单纯的参与是很重要的。）可知，对孩子们来说，学会如何区分真正的成就和单纯的参与是很重要的，因而应该给孩子颁发参与奖。所以所给出的句中应该把“nt”删除掉。故答案为：T help children learn hw t distinguish true accmplishments frm mere participatin, participatin prize shuld nt be awarded. Because giving participatin prize is helpful in that it is imprtant fr children t learn hw t distinguish true accmplishments frm mere participatin.
【43题详解】
开放题。言之有理即可。在第一次驾照考试中的失败，让我知道了在现实中安全驾驶的重要性。同时也让我明白了俗语失败是成功之母的真正意义。故答案为：The example that I failed in the first driving test let me knw the imprtance f safe driving in reality. It als made me understand the true meaning f the saying that failure is the mther f success. （38）
第二节（20分）
44. 【答案】Dear Jim,
Thank yu fr yur letter. I’m glad t tell yu abut thse phts.
Last Saturday ur schl rganized a “career planning” activity. My classmates and I attended a lecture given by ne f ur teachers. After the lecture we went t the schl playgrund t experience the future career by enjying the pictures f peple wrking displayed there. What attracted us mst is the picture f a rbt dctr perfrming peratin t a patient. Then ur teacher gave us sme helpful advice.
I am very happy because I fund the picture f my dream university and I am fully cnvinced that I will be a famus dctr in the future.
Yurs,
【解析】
【导语】这是一封介绍信。要求考生以李华的身份向英国好友Jim介绍你校举行的职业规划与体验活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
告诉：tell→ infrm
体验：experience→ learn thrugh practice
展览：display→ exhibit
有益的：be helpful→ be beneficial
2.句式拓展
简单句变为复合句
原句：Last Saturday ur schl rganized a “career planning” activity. My classmates and I attended a lecture given by ne f ur teachers.
拓展句：Last Saturday ur schl rganized a “career planning” activity in which my classmates and I attended a lecture given by ne f ur teachers.
【点睛】【高分句型1】After the lecture we went t the schl playgrund t experience the future career by enjying the pictures f peple wrking displayed there.（运用了动名词短语作宾语）
【高分句型2】What attracted us mst is the picture f a rbt dctr perfrming peratin t a patient.（运用了what引导主语从句）