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内蒙古2024届高三下学期开学考试英语试卷(含答案)
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这是一份内蒙古2024届高三下学期开学考试英语试卷(含答案)，共17页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解
Vlunteer at the EcTarium! We simply culd nt ffer the prgrams and special events that make the EcTarium a unique resurce t ur cmmunity withut ur diverse and dedicated crps f vlunteers. T be cnsidered fr a mre specific psitin, lk thrugh the vlunteer listings belw, and submit an applicatin.
Z Ambassadr Vlunteer
Our z ambassadr vlunteers will assist the Zlgy Department t cnnect with guests thrugh engaging educatinal experiences abut ur animal residents. We are lking fr vlunteers wh are passinate abut animals and excited t interact with guests f all ages. Vlunteers may als cmplete behaviral studies n numerus animals within the care f the EcTarium t help enhance the welfare fr ur animals!
Animal Care Vlunteer
Animal care vlunteers will aid in all areas f husbandry（农牧业）, including feeding, cleaning, recrd keeping, training animals, and behaviral bservatins. They will wrk with a variety f animals under ur care, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and insects. The psitin is physically demanding and requires wrking in all weather cnditins.
Educatin Prgram Vlunteer
Thrugh cnversatins and hands-n activities, educatin prgram vlunteers help visitrs make meaningful cnnectins t ur exhibits, encurage curisity and scientific inquiry, and challenge visitrs t dive deeper int the cncepts explred at ur museum.
Cllectins Vlunteer
The EcTarium seeks vlunteers wh are interested in making a cntributin t science by uncvering lst specimens（标本）in the EcTarium cllectin! Phtgraph, measure, and take ntes n birds, eggs, seashells, r pressed flwers. This is an excellent psitin fr a high schl r cllege student cnsidering a career in bi lgy r lab science. It is als apprpriate fr citizen scientists f any age. It ffers an pprtunity t see examples f rare r extinct plants and animals.
1．What can an animal care vlunteer d?
A. Cllect lst specimens.
B. Finish sme studies n the exhibits.
C. Learn t feed and clean animals.
D. Help elderly visitrs interact with animals.
2．Which psitin mst suits a bi lgy majr?
A. Z Ambassadr Vlunteer. B. Animal Care Vlunteer.
C. Educatin Prgram Vlunteer. D. Cllectins Vlunteer.
3．What is the main purpse f the text?
A. T intrduce sme psitins abut vlunteers.
B. T train mre peple t becme vlunteers.
C. T spread knwledge abut vlunteers.
D. T list the advantages f vlunteers.
A self-described "girly girl", nine-year-ld Zandra Cunningham was cnstantly begging her parents fr the latest beauty prducts. One day her dad simply tld her "n", which inspired her t make her wn.
Zandra has been recgnized by Entrepreneur magazine as ne f the yungest millinaires in America, When asked abut her experience as a child entrepreneur (企业家) , Zandra says, "It wasn't frightening. When yu're yung, yu dn't have that fear mentality. 'Maybe it's nt ging t wrk' never really crssed my mind." Fr Zandra, it became a challenge t separate her persnal interest frm what her custmers actually wanted. "There were a lt f things that I felt were gd ideas, but they wuldn't fit int the market," she says. Being part f the market herself, Zandra felt she had a unique perspective that allwed her t truly listen and respnd t her custmers.
It started as a hbby fr Zandra and her mm. They'd play arund with different ingredients until they fund frmulas they liked "thrugh trial and errr". Slwly, they started transfrming the pastime int a brand. Zandra began selling her prducts at lcal markets, and a few years later—when Zandra was 12 years ld-the family started a shp fr Zandra Beauty. At the time, Zandra Beauty was ne f the first brands t ffer plant-based and rganic beauty prducts at an affrdable price. The 21-year-ld has essentially grwn up alngside her brand—but her gals have remained the same："Our main fcus is t push ut amazing prducts that are safe fr everyne and the earth.
"There're s many brands ding similar things, but there's still s much rm t grw, " says Zandra."Yur custmers are ut there, and yu just have t find smething that's ging t set yu apart. "
4．What can be inferred frm Zandra's wrds in paragraph 2?
A.Her yung mind made her fearless.B.Her parents supprted her greatly.
C.She had much precius experience.D.She was always very caring.
5．Which f the fllwing is the mst imprtant in Zandra's pinin?
A.Sharing her persnal interests.B.The diversity f hbbies.
C.Changing the glbal market.D.The need f custmers.
6．What kind f prduct des Zandra mainly pursue?
A.The ne that is cheap and useful.
B.The ne that is enjyed by her mm.
C.The ne that is created by trial and errr.
D.The ne that is reliable and ec-friendly.
7．What is Zandra's attitude twards the future f her brand?
A.Hpeful.B.Cncerned.C.Dubtful. D.Relieved.
Pwer frm hme-based wind turbines (涡轮机) can be used lcally, r sld back t the pwer cmpany t ffset pwer csts. Pwer cmpanies buy green pwer frm hmewners at retail (零售) rates, rather than the lwer whlesale rates.
There is a great deal f pwer t use in the wind, and even a small hmewner can get invlved. An effective way t use wind pwer is with a hme wind turbine. Wind pwer is incnsistent in mst areas f the wrld, s a wind generatr alne is seldm sufficient t pwer a huse.
Hwever, a single wind generatr can ease pwer cst in a husehld, especially cupled with ther frms f clean energy, such as slar pwer. Multiple turbines can even be cnnected with a battery strage system fr the husehld that wants t be cmpletely reliant n air fr pwer. One f the mst impressive aspects f air as a pwer surce is that nce the turbine is in place, it perates at zer carbn prductin, making it an extremely envirnmentally friendly pwer surce.
When siting wind turbines, the fllwing factrs shuld be kept in mind: check with the lcal gvernment fr the laws and regulatins abut siting wind turbines. Wind speeds are always higher at the tp f a hill, n a shreline, and in places clear f trees and ther structures. Remember that trees grw ver the years; wind turbine twers d nt. Ensure neighbrs are infrmed f plans early n t avid cnflict later n. Wind turbines can be a surce f green pwer that will keep paying ff fr years t cme, thugh the initial investment can be high. Bear in mind that the wind turbines are als likely t cause prblems fr wildlife, especially birds and bats.
8．What des the underlined wrd "ffset" in paragraph 1 mean?
A.Result in.B.Call ff.C.Make up fr.D.Give rise t.
9．Why is a wind turbine inadequate t meet the pwer demand f a huse?
A.Wind turbines have a lw efficiency.
B.Smetimes there is little wind t take advantage f.
C.The husehld cnsumes t much electricity.
D.Wind pwer is cnsistent in mst areas f the wrld.
10．Which ges against building a huse cmpletely reliant n green pwer?
A.Multiple turbines.B.A battery strage system.
C.Slar pwer.D.Carbn prductin.
11．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A.The best places fr siting wind turbines.
B.The disadvantages f siting wind turbines.
C.Matters needing attentin when siting wind turbines.
D.Csts and dangers f siting wind turbines eclgically.
Researchers have lng thught that rewards like fd r mney encurage learning in the brain by causing the release f dpamine (多巴胺) , knwn t enhance the strage f new infrmatin. Nw, a new study describes hw learning still ccurs in the absence f rewards.
The study explred the relatinship between dpamine and acetylchline (乙酰胆碱) . Past research had shwn that they cmpete with ne anther. T prvide sme clarity, the study authrs fcused n when and under what circumstances dpamine levels are high at the same time as acetylchline levels are lw. They fund that this situatin ccurs frequently, even in the absence f rewards.
"Our findings challenge the current understanding f when and hw dpamine and acetylchline wrk tgether, "said study lead authr Anne Krk."Rather than creating unique cnditins fr learning, rewards take advantage f a mechanism that is already in place and is cnstantly at wrk."
The study team gave dzens f mice access t a wheel n which they culd run r rest. On ccasin, the researchers ffered the animals a drink f water. Then they recrded the mice's brain activity and measured the amunt f dpamine and acetylchline released at different mments. As expected, the drink treats created the typical patterns f dpamine and acetylchline release that are prmpted by rewards. Hwever, the team als bserved that befre receiving water treats, dpamine and acetylchline already fllwed "rise and fall" cycles apprximately twice every secnd. Krk ntes that this pattern cntinued regardless f whether the mice were running r standing still. "Similar brain waves have been bserved in humans during perids f self-examinatin and rest," she adds.
"These results may help explain hw the brain learns n its wn, withut the need fr external rewards," said study senir authr Niclas Tritsch.
Tritsch says, "The results f the study may als ffer insight int new ways f understanding depressin. Lack f mtivatin is a cmmn symptm f depressin, making it challenging t perfrm basic tasks. It is pssible that a disruptin (扰乱) in the internal-drive system might be cntributing t this issue."
12．What des the new study find abut dpamine and acetylchline?
A.Their cmpetitive relatinship.
B.The effective cperatin between them.
C.Their existing wrking mechanism.
D.The rle they play in infrmatin strage.
13．What d the experiments n mice shw?
A.Hw muse brains prcess new infrmatin.
B.The release patterns f dpamine and acetylchline.
C.What causes the release f dpamine and acetylchline.
D.The difference between muse brain waves and thse f humans.
14．What might be the cause f depressin accrding t the text?
A.Lack f mtivatin.B.Lack f external rewards.
C.The inability t deal with tasks.D.The disrder f the internal-drive system.
15．What is the main idea f the text?
A.Learning ability can be imprved cnstantly.
B.Learning can ccur withut external rewards.
C.Rewards encurage learning in the brain.
D.Dpamine release is the key t learning.
二、七选五
16．While scializing cmes naturally fr sme, it can be a struggle fr thers. Shyness is a nrmal, cmmn persnality trait（特征）.① yu’re ften hesitant t engage in scial situatins, yu may interact with thse arund yu in a mre cmfrtable way. We utline fur strategies fr vercming shyness in life.
Get Excited Abut A New Adventure
Yu may have been shy mst f yur life. ② . Wrking thrugh shyness and develping increased cnfidence may seem like a discuraging task fr yu, but viewing the jurney as an exciting adventure t parts unknwn can be exciting and, in turn, may bst yur self-esteem.
Pay Attentin T Yur Wrds
③ . Talking t yurself in a negative way when describing yurself can damage yurself-cnfidence. Cnsider replacing phrases like “I am shy” with “I am learning t be mre cmfrtable” in scial situatins. This can g a lng way tward mving frm shyness t cnfidence.
Practice Mindfulness（正念）
Mindfulness invlves drawing yur attentin t the present and being aware f yur thughts, feelings, and surrundings. ④ . In ne study, participants in a mindfulness prgram experienced an imprved view f their self-wrth.
Take Small Steps
Getting started can be the hardest part f learning hw t be mre scial fr thse wh are shy. ⑤ . Yu can start ut small. Try chatting with the teller at the bank r the persn ahead f yu in the checkut line. This can help yu build cnfidence and wrk yur way up t mre difficult challenges.
A. If s, that’s a part f yu that yu’re used t
B. Smetimes the best path tward addressing a fear is expsure
C. Mindfulness can help reduce symptms f scial anxiety disrder
D. Taking time t tend t yur appearance can make a big difference
E. Hw we cmmunicate and characterize urselves can be pwerful
F. But shyness can make it hard fr peple t cnnect with thers and achieve their gals
G. Hwever, engaging with peple desn’t have t be practiced at an imprtant wrk presentatin
三、完形填空（20空）
Packing up my luggage, I felt a wave f fear. Maybe tmrrw's flight wuld be 1 and I didn't have t g after all—I 2 hped. It was May 2022, and I'd 3 my jb in Lndn t begin a year-lng jurney arund the wrld.
I lved t travel and had been 4 t visit many cuntries with friends and family. This time, I'd be travelling alne, which was pretty 5 fr a wman with a disability, thugh I have learnt t 6 life in a wheelchair since I was 7.
Accessibility isn't much f a(n) 7 in sme cuntries, but my first 8 n my sl trip was Bali. Althugh I'd ensured my htel wuldn't be a prblem, I culdn't 9 any risks.
"If it desn't 10 . yu can always cme hme." my parents 11 me. But I wasn't ging t give up withut a 12 .
In Bali, the htel where I stayed was 13 by a kind wman wh made sure I had 14 t the shwer and anything else I needed. With her help, I made it t a muntain 15 and saw mst f the island's sights. As 16 , the view frm the tp was thrilling.
After that, I made the trip up as I went, staying in a cuntry until I gt 17 and mved n t the next. Wherever I went, such as Africa and Asia, I was greatly impressed by the 18 f strangers helping me.
19 , I'd visited a ttal f 66 cuntries n my wn by February 2023. Nw, I'm fully 20 that a disability desn't have t stp a persn frm getting ut there and seeing the wrld.
17．A.arranged B.analysed C.bked D.cancelled
18．A.curiusly B.secretly C.dubtfully D.prudly
19．A.prmised B.prved C.fund D.quit
20．A.sensitive B.nervus C.frtunate D.unwilling
21．A.disappinting B.frightening C.embarrassing D.exciting
22．A.bject t B.cmpare t C.adapt t D.belng t
23．A.issue B.experience C.demandD.benefit
24．A.cllectin B.cmmunicatin C.assumptin D.destinatin
25．A.rid B.update C.rganize D.tlerate
26．A.wrk ut B.settle dwn C.cme ut D.break dwn
27．A.believed B.ignred C.helped D.cmfrted
28．A.strategy B.reward C.fight D.supprt
29．A.challenged B.run C.damaged D.suspected
30．A.access B.respnse C.reference D.addictin
31．A.village B.range C.peak D.stream
32．A.prepared B.explained C.required D.predicted
33．A.fascinated B.bred C.accustmed D,amused
34．A.cruelty B.stubbrnness C.kindness D.selfishness
35．A.T start with B.Frm then n C.Nw and then D.Sner r later
36．A.cnvinced B.guessed C.wrried D.questined
四、短文填空
37．Cld temperature, biting wind, heavy snw and slippery rads are the cmmn challenges ①_______ truble r even interrupt winter utings.
The first cld wave f winter ②_______ (strike) Nrtheast China since Nvember, causing a temperature drp f 6 ℃ t 8 ℃ and snw accumulatin f ver 30 _______③ (centimeter) . Hwever, fr the students and the faculty (全体教师) at Harbin Institute f Technlgy in Nrtheast China, wh have been severely affected by the recent cld wave and blizzard, their rutes have been made easy, warm and safe thanks t the newly built skywalks n the campus. They ④_______ (cmfrtable) mve between classrms, libraries, cafeterias, drmitries and the gym in shrt sleeves thrugh skywalks all within a 5-minute walk. Sme students have even been sptted ⑤_______ (enjy) ice cream while admiring the snwy scenery alng the pathways. Praise and ⑥_______ (admire) have pured in fr the usefulness f the skywalks and the thughtfulness f the cllege.
⑦_______ (launch) in 2022, the cnstructin f skywalks n campus is aimed at effectively reducing the impact f extreme weather ⑧_______ the campus life and enhancing cnvenience fr bth faculty and students. With ⑨_______ ttal length f 1,330.13 meters, the skywalks are built in three phrases. Currently, 881.81-meter skywalks are ⑩_______ (access) .
五、短文改错
38．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
This mrning I went t my favrite restaurant fr breakfast as usually. Tuched by an elderly cuple, next t me, s I ffered t pay fr them. Knwing their request, the wner there tld me ne f her unfrgettable day. It was a cld mrning that she went with her baby t the stre. Her baby was screaming and crying, and she said srry t all the ther peple try t shp in peace. Then, when she gt the bill, she realized that smene else have paid fr it. It tuched her s much that it brings her t tears. After she saw me ding this, it reminded her that mment which meant s much t her.
六、书面表达
39．你校英文报正在组织题为“My Understanding f Space Explratin”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:
1.太空探索的重要性;
2.你的理由;
3.举例说明。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.题目已为你写好。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：C
2．答案：D
3．答案：A
4．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知,因为年轻，所以Zandra 无所畏惧。
5．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后三句可知,Zandra 认为应该把顾客的需求放在 首位。
6．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可推知,Zandra的目标一直是推出对人类和 地球都安全的产品。
7．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,Zandra对自己品牌的未来充满希望。
8．答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句"Pwer cmpanies buy green pwer frm hmecwners at retail (零售)rates, rather than the lwer whlesale rates.(电力 公司以零售价格从房主手中购买绿色电力，而不是 以较低的批发价格购买。) "可推测，电力公司可购 买家用风力涡轮机产生的电力从而抵消电力消耗。选项A "Result in(导致) ";选项B "Call ff (取消)"; 选项C "Make up fr (弥补，抵消)";选项D "Give rise t(引起) ";所以划线单词和项中的make up fr意义 一致。故选C。
9．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Wind pwer is incnsistent in mst areas f the wrld, s a wind generatr alne is seldm sufficient t pwer a huse.(风力发电在世界上大多数地区是不稳定的， 所以单独的风力发电机很少足以为一所房子供电。)”可知，风力涡轮机不足以满足一个家庭的电力需求是因为风力发电在世界上大多数地区是不稳 定的，有时候并没有风可利用。故选B。
10．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Hwever, single wind generatr can case pwer cst in a husehld, especially cupled with ther frms f clean energy, such as slar pwer. Multiple turbines can even be cnnected with a battery system fr the husehld that wants t be cmpletely reliant n air fr pwer. One f the mst impressive aspects f air as A pwer surce is that nce the turbine is in place, it perates at zer carbn prductin, making it an extremely envirnmentally friendly pwer surce.(然而，一个风力发电机可以减轻家庭的电力成本，特别是与其他形式的清洁能源，如太阳能相结合。多个涡轮机甚至可以连接到一个电池存储系统，供希望完全依赖空气供电的家路使用，空气作为动力源最令人印象深刻的方面之一是，一旦涡轮机就位，它就会以零碳排放的方式运行，使其成为一种极其 环保的动力源。)”可判断，选项A "Multiple turbines(多涡轮) "、选项B"A battery strage system (电池存储系统)"和选项C "Slar pwer(太阳能)"都是 绿色环保的。故选D。
11．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段"When siting wind turbines, the fllwing factrs shuld be kept in mind: check with the lcal gvernment fr the laws and regulatins abut siting wind turbines. Wind speeds are always higher at the tp f a hill, n a shreline, and in places clear f trees and ther structures. Remember that trees grw ver the years; wind turbine twers d nt. Ensure neighbrs are infrmed f plans early n t avid cnflict later n.(风电机组选址时，应注意以下几点:向当地政府查询有 关风电机组选址的法律法规。在山顶、海岸线上以 及没有树木和其他建筑物的地方，风速总是更高。 记住，树木会随着岁月而生长;而风力涡轮机塔则不然。确保邻居们尽早了解计划，以避免以后的冲 突。) "可知，最后一段主要讲述的是风力涡轮机选址注意事项。故选C。
12．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中"T prvide sme clarity, the study authrs fcused n when and under what circumstances dpamine levels are high at the same time as acetylchline levels are lw. They fund that this situatin ccurs frequently, even in the absence f rewards.(为了更明确一些，该研究的作者 关注的是何时以及在何种情况下多巴胺水平高而乙 酰胆碱水平低。他们发现，即使在没有奖励的情况下，这种情况也经常发生)"可知，新的研究发现了 多巴胺和乙酰胆碱水平变化的条件，即两者的作用 机制。故选C项。
13．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中"As expected, the drink treats created the typical patterns f dpamine and acetylchline release that are prmpted by rewards. Hwever, the team als bserved that befre receiving water treats, dpamine and acetylchline already fllwed ‘rise and fall" cycles apprximately twice every secnd. Krk ntes that this pattern cntinued regardless f whether the mice were running r standing still.(不出所料，这些水创造了多巴胺和乙酰胆碱释 放的典型模式，这些模式是由奖励引起的。然而， 该团队还观察到，在接受水的奖励之前，多巴胺和 乙酰胆碱已经遵循大约每秒两次的"上升和下降"周期。Krk指出，无论老鼠是在奔跑还是静止不动， 这种模式都会继续) "可知，在老鼠身上的实验显示 了多巴胺和乙酰胆碱一直在进行周期性地释放，即 两者的释放模式。故选B项。
14．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中"Lack f mtivatin is a cmmn symptm f depressin, making it challenging t perfrm basic tasks. It is pssible that a disruptin (扰乱) in the internal-drive system might be cntributing t this issue.(缺乏动力是 抑郁症的常见症状，使完成基本任务变得困难。内 部驱动系统的紊乱可能是导致此问题的原因之一)"可知，内部驱动系统的紊乱可能是抑郁症的原 因。故选D项。
15．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段 中"Nw, a new study describes hw learning still ccurs in the absence f rewards.(现在，一项新的研究描述了在没有奖励的情况下学习是如何发生的) "可知，文章主要围绕一项关于大脑学习的新研究展开，该研究发现，在没有外部奖励的情况下，多巴胺和乙酰胆碱仍然会相互作用，产生一种特定的模式。这种模式持续发生，不受实验中的老鼠是 否在跑步或休息的影响。这挑战了以往认为奖励是 促进学习的因素的观念，有助于解释大脑如何在自主学习时运作，并为理解抑郁症提供新的视角。因 此，文章主要是关于“学习可以在没有外部奖励的情况下进行”。故选B项。
16．答案：FAECG
17．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:也许明天的航 班会取消，这样我就不用去了我暗自希望。A. arranged安排;B. analysed分析;C. bked预定;D. cancelled取消。根据前文的"I felt a wave f fear"和后 文的"I didn't have t g after all—I _____ hped."可知， 作者害怕去，所以希望明天的航班会被取消。故选 D项。
18．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:也许明天的航 班会取消，这样我就不用去了我暗自希望。A. curiusly好奇地;B. secretly暗自感觉地;C. dubtfully怀疑地;D. prudly骄傲地。根据前文 的"Maybe tmrrw's flight wuld be Land I didn't have t g"可知，也许明天的航班会取消，这样就不 用去了，这是作者暗自希望的。故选B项。
19．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:那是2022年5 月，我辞去了在伦敦的工作，开始了为期一年的环 球旅行。A. prmised答应;B. prved证明;C. fund 发现;D. quit离开(工作职位、学校等)。根据后 文的"t begin a year-lng jurney arund the wrld"可知，作者开始了为期一年的环球旅行，可推测出作 者辞去了在伦敦的工作。故选D项。
20．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我喜欢旅 行，并有幸与朋友和家人一起访问了许多国家。A. sensitive敏感的;B. nervus紧张的;C. frtunate幸运 的;D. unwilling不情愿的。根据前文的"I lved t travel"和后文"visit many cuntries with friends and family"可知，作者喜欢旅行，与朋友和家人一起访 问了许多国家，所以作者认为这是幸运的。故选C 项。
21．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这一次，我 将独自旅行，这对一个有残疾的女人来说是相当可 怕的，尽管我从7岁起就学会了适应轮椅的生活。A. disappinting令人失望的;B. frightening可怕的;C. embarrassing令人尴尬的;D. exciting令人兴奋的。 根据前文的"I'd be travelling alne"和后文"fr a wman with a disability"可知，对一个有残疾的女人 来说独自旅行是相当可怕的。故选B项。
22．答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意:这一次，我将 独自旅行，这对一个有残疾的女人来说是相当可怕 的，尽管我从7岁起就学会了适应轮椅的生活。A. bject t反对;B. cmpare t与……相比;C. adapt t 适应;D. belng t属于。根据后文的"life in a wheelchair since I was 7"可知，从7岁起作者就学会了适应轮椅的生活。故选C项。
23．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:在一些国家， 交通便利性不是什么大问题，但我独自旅行的第一个目的地是巴厘岛。A. issue问题;B. experience经 验;C. demand需求;D. benefit利益。根据前文 的"Accessibility isn't much f a(n)"可知，无障碍在一 些国家不是什么大问题。故选A项。
24．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:在一些国家， 交通便利性不是什么大问题，但我独自旅行的第一个目的地是巴厘岛。A. cllectin藏品;B. cmmunicatin交流;C. assumptin假设;D. destinatin目的地。根据后文的"n my sl trip was Bali"可知，作者独自旅行的第一个目的地是巴厘 岛。故选D项。
25．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然我保证我 住的酒店不会有问题，但我无法消除任何风险。A. rid摆脱，消除，去掉;B. update更新;C. rganize组 织;D. tlerate容许。根据前文的"Althugh I'd ensured my htel wuldn't be a prblem, I culdn't"和 后文"any risks"可知，逗号前为让步状语从句，与逗号后的句子构成转折，所以虽然作者保证自己住的 酒店不会有问题，但却无法消除任何风险。故选A 项。
26．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意:如果进展不 顺利，你可以随时回家。A. wrk ut进展(顺利); B. settle dwn锻炼;C. cme ut出来;D. break dwn发生故障。根据后文的"yu can always cme hme"可知，父母安慰作者如果旅行进展不顺 利，可以随时回家。故选A项。
27．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:父母安慰我 说。A. believed相信;B. ignred忽略;C. helped帮 助;D. cmfrted安慰。根据前文的"If it desn't ______, yu can always cme hme"可 知，“如果旅行进展不顺利，可以随时回家”，这是 父母对作者的安慰。故选D项。
28．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:但我不会不 战而退。A. strategy策略;B. reward奖励;C. fight战斗，斗争;D. supprt支持。根据前文的"I wasn't ging t give up withut"可知，父母安慰作者如果旅行进展不顺利，可以随时回家，但是作者不想不战 而退。故选C项。
29．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:在巴厘岛， 我住的酒店是由一位好心的女士经营的，她确保我 有淋浴和其他我需要的东西。A. challenged挑战;B. run经营; C. damaged破坏;D. suspected怀疑。根据 后文的"by a kind wman wh made sure I had ______ t the shwer and anything else I needed."可知，她确保 作者可以淋浴和其他作者需要的东西，可推知酒店 是由这位善良的女士经营的。故选B项。
30．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:在巴厘岛， 我住的酒店是由一位好心的女士经营的，她确保我 有淋浴和其他我需要的东西。A. access获得的机 会;B. respnse响应;C. reference参考;D. addictin 上瘾。根据后文的"t the shwer and anything else I needed"可知，经营酒店的女士确保作者可以淋浴和 其他作者需要的东西。have access t sth.“能够获得 某物”。故选A项。
31．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:在她的帮助 下，我登上了一座山峰，看到了岛上的大部分风景。A. village村; B. range范围; C. peak山峰;D. stream流动。根据下文的"the view frm the tp was thrilling"可知，作者从山顶俯瞰景色，所以作者在 她的帮助下，登上了一座山峰。故选C项。
32．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:正如预测的 那样，从山顶俯瞰的景色令人激动。A. prepared准备;B. explained解释道;C. required要求;D. predicted预测。根据后文的"the view frm the tp was thrilling"可知，从山顶俯瞰的景色令人激动，这是 上山之前就预测到的。故选D项。
33．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在那之后，我就按照我所去的地方去旅行，在一个国家呆着，直到我感到无聊，然后去下一个国家。A. fascinated着迷的;B. bred无聊的;C. accustmed习 惯的;D. amused好笑的。根据后文的"and mved n t the next"可知，作者去下一个国家，是因为作者 感到无聊了，想换一个地方。故选B项。
34．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:无论我走到 哪里，比如非洲和亚洲，我都对陌生人帮助我的善良印象深刻。A. cruelty残忍;B. stubbrnness固执; C. kindness善良;D. selfishness自私。根据后文的"strangers helping me"可知，陌生人帮助作者，这 是善良的行为。故选C项。
35．答案：B
解析：考查固定短语辨析。句意:从那时起， 到2023年2月，我已经独自访问了66个国家。A. T start with 起初，首先;B. Frm then n从那时起;C. Nw and then不时;D. Sner r later迟早。根据后 文的"I'd visited a ttal f 66 cuntries n my wn by February 2023"可知，从那时起，即自从巴厘岛的旅 行，到2023年2月，作者已经独自访问了66个国家。 故选B项。
36．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:现在，我 完全相信残疾并不一定会阻止一个人走出去看世界。A. cnvinced确信的;B. guessed猜测;C. wrried担心的;D. questined怀疑的。根据前文"I'd visited a ttal f 66 cuntries n my wn by February 2023. "和后文的"that a disability desn't have t stp a persn frm getting ut there and seeing the wrld"可 知，残疾并不一定会阻止一个人走出去看世界，这 是作者现在所相信的。故选A项。
37．答案：that/which ；has struck/has stricken ；centimeters/centimetres ；cmfrtably；enjying；admiratin ；Launched；n/upn ；a ；accessible
解析：
38．答案：
This mrning I went t my favrite restaurant fr breakfast as . Tuched by an elderly cuple, next t me, I ffered t pay fr them. Knwing request, the wner there tld me ne f her unfrgettable . It was a cld mrning she went with her baby t stre. Her baby was screaming and crying, and she said srry t all the ther peple t shp in peace. Then, when she gt the bill, she realized that smene else paid fr it. It tuched her s much that it her t tears. After she saw me ding this, it reminded her that mment which meant s much t her.
39．答案：
My Understanding f Space Explratin
In my pinin, space explratin is crucial fr the prgress and develpment f mankind. The reasns are as fllws.
First f all, it expands ur understanding f the universe and its rigin, cntributing t advancements in astrnmy. In additin, it drives technlgical innvatin and imprves ur everyday lives. Technlgies like satellite cmmunicatin and weather frecast have develped frm space prgrams. Lastly, space explratin presents pprtunities fr future resurce utilizatin.
We ften benefit frm space explratin. Fr example, when we g t an unfamiliar place, we always turn t GPS fr help, and that is ne f the achievements f space explratin. In a wrd, by investing in space explratin, we pave the way fr a better future.
解析：
一、阅读理解
Vlunteer at the EcTarium! We simply culd nt ffer the prgrams and special events that make the EcTarium a unique resurce t ur cmmunity withut ur diverse and dedicated crps f vlunteers. T be cnsidered fr a mre specific psitin, lk thrugh the vlunteer listings belw, and submit an applicatin.
Z Ambassadr Vlunteer
Our z ambassadr vlunteers will assist the Zlgy Department t cnnect with guests thrugh engaging educatinal experiences abut ur animal residents. We are lking fr vlunteers wh are passinate abut animals and excited t interact with guests f all ages. Vlunteers may als cmplete behaviral studies n numerus animals within the care f the EcTarium t help enhance the welfare fr ur animals!
Animal Care Vlunteer
Animal care vlunteers will aid in all areas f husbandry（农牧业）, including feeding, cleaning, recrd keeping, training animals, and behaviral bservatins. They will wrk with a variety f animals under ur care, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and insects. The psitin is physically demanding and requires wrking in all weather cnditins.
Educatin Prgram Vlunteer
Thrugh cnversatins and hands-n activities, educatin prgram vlunteers help visitrs make meaningful cnnectins t ur exhibits, encurage curisity and scientific inquiry, and challenge visitrs t dive deeper int the cncepts explred at ur museum.
Cllectins Vlunteer
The EcTarium seeks vlunteers wh are interested in making a cntributin t science by uncvering lst specimens（标本）in the EcTarium cllectin! Phtgraph, measure, and take ntes n birds, eggs, seashells, r pressed flwers. This is an excellent psitin fr a high schl r cllege student cnsidering a career in bi lgy r lab science. It is als apprpriate fr citizen scientists f any age. It ffers an pprtunity t see examples f rare r extinct plants and animals.
1．What can an animal care vlunteer d?
A. Cllect lst specimens.
B. Finish sme studies n the exhibits.
C. Learn t feed and clean animals.
D. Help elderly visitrs interact with animals.
2．Which psitin mst suits a bi lgy majr?
A. Z Ambassadr Vlunteer. B. Animal Care Vlunteer.
C. Educatin Prgram Vlunteer. D. Cllectins Vlunteer.
3．What is the main purpse f the text?
A. T intrduce sme psitins abut vlunteers.
B. T train mre peple t becme vlunteers.
C. T spread knwledge abut vlunteers.
D. T list the advantages f vlunteers.
A self-described "girly girl", nine-year-ld Zandra Cunningham was cnstantly begging her parents fr the latest beauty prducts. One day her dad simply tld her "n", which inspired her t make her wn.
Zandra has been recgnized by Entrepreneur magazine as ne f the yungest millinaires in America, When asked abut her experience as a child entrepreneur (企业家) , Zandra says, "It wasn't frightening. When yu're yung, yu dn't have that fear mentality. 'Maybe it's nt ging t wrk' never really crssed my mind." Fr Zandra, it became a challenge t separate her persnal interest frm what her custmers actually wanted. "There were a lt f things that I felt were gd ideas, but they wuldn't fit int the market," she says. Being part f the market herself, Zandra felt she had a unique perspective that allwed her t truly listen and respnd t her custmers.
It started as a hbby fr Zandra and her mm. They'd play arund with different ingredients until they fund frmulas they liked "thrugh trial and errr". Slwly, they started transfrming the pastime int a brand. Zandra began selling her prducts at lcal markets, and a few years later—when Zandra was 12 years ld-the family started a shp fr Zandra Beauty. At the time, Zandra Beauty was ne f the first brands t ffer plant-based and rganic beauty prducts at an affrdable price. The 21-year-ld has essentially grwn up alngside her brand—but her gals have remained the same："Our main fcus is t push ut amazing prducts that are safe fr everyne and the earth.
"There're s many brands ding similar things, but there's still s much rm t grw, " says Zandra."Yur custmers are ut there, and yu just have t find smething that's ging t set yu apart. "
4．What can be inferred frm Zandra's wrds in paragraph 2?
A.Her yung mind made her fearless.B.Her parents supprted her greatly.
C.She had much precius experience.D.She was always very caring.
5．Which f the fllwing is the mst imprtant in Zandra's pinin?
A.Sharing her persnal interests.B.The diversity f hbbies.
C.Changing the glbal market.D.The need f custmers.
6．What kind f prduct des Zandra mainly pursue?
A.The ne that is cheap and useful.
B.The ne that is enjyed by her mm.
C.The ne that is created by trial and errr.
D.The ne that is reliable and ec-friendly.
7．What is Zandra's attitude twards the future f her brand?
A.Hpeful.B.Cncerned.C.Dubtful. D.Relieved.
Pwer frm hme-based wind turbines (涡轮机) can be used lcally, r sld back t the pwer cmpany t ffset pwer csts. Pwer cmpanies buy green pwer frm hmewners at retail (零售) rates, rather than the lwer whlesale rates.
There is a great deal f pwer t use in the wind, and even a small hmewner can get invlved. An effective way t use wind pwer is with a hme wind turbine. Wind pwer is incnsistent in mst areas f the wrld, s a wind generatr alne is seldm sufficient t pwer a huse.
Hwever, a single wind generatr can ease pwer cst in a husehld, especially cupled with ther frms f clean energy, such as slar pwer. Multiple turbines can even be cnnected with a battery strage system fr the husehld that wants t be cmpletely reliant n air fr pwer. One f the mst impressive aspects f air as a pwer surce is that nce the turbine is in place, it perates at zer carbn prductin, making it an extremely envirnmentally friendly pwer surce.
When siting wind turbines, the fllwing factrs shuld be kept in mind: check with the lcal gvernment fr the laws and regulatins abut siting wind turbines. Wind speeds are always higher at the tp f a hill, n a shreline, and in places clear f trees and ther structures. Remember that trees grw ver the years; wind turbine twers d nt. Ensure neighbrs are infrmed f plans early n t avid cnflict later n. Wind turbines can be a surce f green pwer that will keep paying ff fr years t cme, thugh the initial investment can be high. Bear in mind that the wind turbines are als likely t cause prblems fr wildlife, especially birds and bats.
8．What des the underlined wrd "ffset" in paragraph 1 mean?
A.Result in.B.Call ff.C.Make up fr.D.Give rise t.
9．Why is a wind turbine inadequate t meet the pwer demand f a huse?
A.Wind turbines have a lw efficiency.
B.Smetimes there is little wind t take advantage f.
C.The husehld cnsumes t much electricity.
D.Wind pwer is cnsistent in mst areas f the wrld.
10．Which ges against building a huse cmpletely reliant n green pwer?
A.Multiple turbines.B.A battery strage system.
C.Slar pwer.D.Carbn prductin.
11．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A.The best places fr siting wind turbines.
B.The disadvantages f siting wind turbines.
C.Matters needing attentin when siting wind turbines.
D.Csts and dangers f siting wind turbines eclgically.
Researchers have lng thught that rewards like fd r mney encurage learning in the brain by causing the release f dpamine (多巴胺) , knwn t enhance the strage f new infrmatin. Nw, a new study describes hw learning still ccurs in the absence f rewards.
The study explred the relatinship between dpamine and acetylchline (乙酰胆碱) . Past research had shwn that they cmpete with ne anther. T prvide sme clarity, the study authrs fcused n when and under what circumstances dpamine levels are high at the same time as acetylchline levels are lw. They fund that this situatin ccurs frequently, even in the absence f rewards.
"Our findings challenge the current understanding f when and hw dpamine and acetylchline wrk tgether, "said study lead authr Anne Krk."Rather than creating unique cnditins fr learning, rewards take advantage f a mechanism that is already in place and is cnstantly at wrk."
The study team gave dzens f mice access t a wheel n which they culd run r rest. On ccasin, the researchers ffered the animals a drink f water. Then they recrded the mice's brain activity and measured the amunt f dpamine and acetylchline released at different mments. As expected, the drink treats created the typical patterns f dpamine and acetylchline release that are prmpted by rewards. Hwever, the team als bserved that befre receiving water treats, dpamine and acetylchline already fllwed "rise and fall" cycles apprximately twice every secnd. Krk ntes that this pattern cntinued regardless f whether the mice were running r standing still. "Similar brain waves have been bserved in humans during perids f self-examinatin and rest," she adds.
"These results may help explain hw the brain learns n its wn, withut the need fr external rewards," said study senir authr Niclas Tritsch.
Tritsch says, "The results f the study may als ffer insight int new ways f understanding depressin. Lack f mtivatin is a cmmn symptm f depressin, making it challenging t perfrm basic tasks. It is pssible that a disruptin (扰乱) in the internal-drive system might be cntributing t this issue."
12．What des the new study find abut dpamine and acetylchline?
A.Their cmpetitive relatinship.
B.The effective cperatin between them.
C.Their existing wrking mechanism.
D.The rle they play in infrmatin strage.
13．What d the experiments n mice shw?
A.Hw muse brains prcess new infrmatin.
B.The release patterns f dpamine and acetylchline.
C.What causes the release f dpamine and acetylchline.
D.The difference between muse brain waves and thse f humans.
14．What might be the cause f depressin accrding t the text?
A.Lack f mtivatin.B.Lack f external rewards.
C.The inability t deal with tasks.D.The disrder f the internal-drive system.
15．What is the main idea f the text?
A.Learning ability can be imprved cnstantly.
B.Learning can ccur withut external rewards.
C.Rewards encurage learning in the brain.
D.Dpamine release is the key t learning.
二、七选五
16．While scializing cmes naturally fr sme, it can be a struggle fr thers. Shyness is a nrmal, cmmn persnality trait（特征）.① yu’re ften hesitant t engage in scial situatins, yu may interact with thse arund yu in a mre cmfrtable way. We utline fur strategies fr vercming shyness in life.
Get Excited Abut A New Adventure
Yu may have been shy mst f yur life. ② . Wrking thrugh shyness and develping increased cnfidence may seem like a discuraging task fr yu, but viewing the jurney as an exciting adventure t parts unknwn can be exciting and, in turn, may bst yur self-esteem.
Pay Attentin T Yur Wrds
③ . Talking t yurself in a negative way when describing yurself can damage yurself-cnfidence. Cnsider replacing phrases like “I am shy” with “I am learning t be mre cmfrtable” in scial situatins. This can g a lng way tward mving frm shyness t cnfidence.
Practice Mindfulness（正念）
Mindfulness invlves drawing yur attentin t the present and being aware f yur thughts, feelings, and surrundings. ④ . In ne study, participants in a mindfulness prgram experienced an imprved view f their self-wrth.
Take Small Steps
Getting started can be the hardest part f learning hw t be mre scial fr thse wh are shy. ⑤ . Yu can start ut small. Try chatting with the teller at the bank r the persn ahead f yu in the checkut line. This can help yu build cnfidence and wrk yur way up t mre difficult challenges.
A. If s, that’s a part f yu that yu’re used t
B. Smetimes the best path tward addressing a fear is expsure
C. Mindfulness can help reduce symptms f scial anxiety disrder
D. Taking time t tend t yur appearance can make a big difference
E. Hw we cmmunicate and characterize urselves can be pwerful
F. But shyness can make it hard fr peple t cnnect with thers and achieve their gals
G. Hwever, engaging with peple desn’t have t be practiced at an imprtant wrk presentatin
三、完形填空（20空）
Packing up my luggage, I felt a wave f fear. Maybe tmrrw's flight wuld be 1 and I didn't have t g after all—I 2 hped. It was May 2022, and I'd 3 my jb in Lndn t begin a year-lng jurney arund the wrld.
I lved t travel and had been 4 t visit many cuntries with friends and family. This time, I'd be travelling alne, which was pretty 5 fr a wman with a disability, thugh I have learnt t 6 life in a wheelchair since I was 7.
Accessibility isn't much f a(n) 7 in sme cuntries, but my first 8 n my sl trip was Bali. Althugh I'd ensured my htel wuldn't be a prblem, I culdn't 9 any risks.
"If it desn't 10 . yu can always cme hme." my parents 11 me. But I wasn't ging t give up withut a 12 .
In Bali, the htel where I stayed was 13 by a kind wman wh made sure I had 14 t the shwer and anything else I needed. With her help, I made it t a muntain 15 and saw mst f the island's sights. As 16 , the view frm the tp was thrilling.
After that, I made the trip up as I went, staying in a cuntry until I gt 17 and mved n t the next. Wherever I went, such as Africa and Asia, I was greatly impressed by the 18 f strangers helping me.
19 , I'd visited a ttal f 66 cuntries n my wn by February 2023. Nw, I'm fully 20 that a disability desn't have t stp a persn frm getting ut there and seeing the wrld.
17．A.arranged B.analysed C.bked D.cancelled
18．A.curiusly B.secretly C.dubtfully D.prudly
19．A.prmised B.prved C.fund D.quit
20．A.sensitive B.nervus C.frtunate D.unwilling
21．A.disappinting B.frightening C.embarrassing D.exciting
22．A.bject t B.cmpare t C.adapt t D.belng t
23．A.issue B.experience C.demandD.benefit
24．A.cllectin B.cmmunicatin C.assumptin D.destinatin
25．A.rid B.update C.rganize D.tlerate
26．A.wrk ut B.settle dwn C.cme ut D.break dwn
27．A.believed B.ignred C.helped D.cmfrted
28．A.strategy B.reward C.fight D.supprt
29．A.challenged B.run C.damaged D.suspected
30．A.access B.respnse C.reference D.addictin
31．A.village B.range C.peak D.stream
32．A.prepared B.explained C.required D.predicted
33．A.fascinated B.bred C.accustmed D,amused
34．A.cruelty B.stubbrnness C.kindness D.selfishness
35．A.T start with B.Frm then n C.Nw and then D.Sner r later
36．A.cnvinced B.guessed C.wrried D.questined
四、短文填空
37．Cld temperature, biting wind, heavy snw and slippery rads are the cmmn challenges ①_______ truble r even interrupt winter utings.
The first cld wave f winter ②_______ (strike) Nrtheast China since Nvember, causing a temperature drp f 6 ℃ t 8 ℃ and snw accumulatin f ver 30 _______③ (centimeter) . Hwever, fr the students and the faculty (全体教师) at Harbin Institute f Technlgy in Nrtheast China, wh have been severely affected by the recent cld wave and blizzard, their rutes have been made easy, warm and safe thanks t the newly built skywalks n the campus. They ④_______ (cmfrtable) mve between classrms, libraries, cafeterias, drmitries and the gym in shrt sleeves thrugh skywalks all within a 5-minute walk. Sme students have even been sptted ⑤_______ (enjy) ice cream while admiring the snwy scenery alng the pathways. Praise and ⑥_______ (admire) have pured in fr the usefulness f the skywalks and the thughtfulness f the cllege.
⑦_______ (launch) in 2022, the cnstructin f skywalks n campus is aimed at effectively reducing the impact f extreme weather ⑧_______ the campus life and enhancing cnvenience fr bth faculty and students. With ⑨_______ ttal length f 1,330.13 meters, the skywalks are built in three phrases. Currently, 881.81-meter skywalks are ⑩_______ (access) .
五、短文改错
38．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
This mrning I went t my favrite restaurant fr breakfast as usually. Tuched by an elderly cuple, next t me, s I ffered t pay fr them. Knwing their request, the wner there tld me ne f her unfrgettable day. It was a cld mrning that she went with her baby t the stre. Her baby was screaming and crying, and she said srry t all the ther peple try t shp in peace. Then, when she gt the bill, she realized that smene else have paid fr it. It tuched her s much that it brings her t tears. After she saw me ding this, it reminded her that mment which meant s much t her.
六、书面表达
39．你校英文报正在组织题为“My Understanding f Space Explratin”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:
1.太空探索的重要性;
2.你的理由;
3.举例说明。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.题目已为你写好。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：C
2．答案：D
3．答案：A
4．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知,因为年轻，所以Zandra 无所畏惧。
5．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后三句可知,Zandra 认为应该把顾客的需求放在 首位。
6．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可推知,Zandra的目标一直是推出对人类和 地球都安全的产品。
7．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,Zandra对自己品牌的未来充满希望。
8．答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句"Pwer cmpanies buy green pwer frm hmecwners at retail (零售)rates, rather than the lwer whlesale rates.(电力 公司以零售价格从房主手中购买绿色电力，而不是 以较低的批发价格购买。) "可推测，电力公司可购 买家用风力涡轮机产生的电力从而抵消电力消耗。选项A "Result in(导致) ";选项B "Call ff (取消)"; 选项C "Make up fr (弥补，抵消)";选项D "Give rise t(引起) ";所以划线单词和项中的make up fr意义 一致。故选C。
9．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Wind pwer is incnsistent in mst areas f the wrld, s a wind generatr alne is seldm sufficient t pwer a huse.(风力发电在世界上大多数地区是不稳定的， 所以单独的风力发电机很少足以为一所房子供电。)”可知，风力涡轮机不足以满足一个家庭的电力需求是因为风力发电在世界上大多数地区是不稳 定的，有时候并没有风可利用。故选B。
10．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Hwever, single wind generatr can case pwer cst in a husehld, especially cupled with ther frms f clean energy, such as slar pwer. Multiple turbines can even be cnnected with a battery system fr the husehld that wants t be cmpletely reliant n air fr pwer. One f the mst impressive aspects f air as A pwer surce is that nce the turbine is in place, it perates at zer carbn prductin, making it an extremely envirnmentally friendly pwer surce.(然而，一个风力发电机可以减轻家庭的电力成本，特别是与其他形式的清洁能源，如太阳能相结合。多个涡轮机甚至可以连接到一个电池存储系统，供希望完全依赖空气供电的家路使用，空气作为动力源最令人印象深刻的方面之一是，一旦涡轮机就位，它就会以零碳排放的方式运行，使其成为一种极其 环保的动力源。)”可判断，选项A "Multiple turbines(多涡轮) "、选项B"A battery strage system (电池存储系统)"和选项C "Slar pwer(太阳能)"都是 绿色环保的。故选D。
11．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段"When siting wind turbines, the fllwing factrs shuld be kept in mind: check with the lcal gvernment fr the laws and regulatins abut siting wind turbines. Wind speeds are always higher at the tp f a hill, n a shreline, and in places clear f trees and ther structures. Remember that trees grw ver the years; wind turbine twers d nt. Ensure neighbrs are infrmed f plans early n t avid cnflict later n.(风电机组选址时，应注意以下几点:向当地政府查询有 关风电机组选址的法律法规。在山顶、海岸线上以 及没有树木和其他建筑物的地方，风速总是更高。 记住，树木会随着岁月而生长;而风力涡轮机塔则不然。确保邻居们尽早了解计划，以避免以后的冲 突。) "可知，最后一段主要讲述的是风力涡轮机选址注意事项。故选C。
12．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中"T prvide sme clarity, the study authrs fcused n when and under what circumstances dpamine levels are high at the same time as acetylchline levels are lw. They fund that this situatin ccurs frequently, even in the absence f rewards.(为了更明确一些，该研究的作者 关注的是何时以及在何种情况下多巴胺水平高而乙 酰胆碱水平低。他们发现，即使在没有奖励的情况下，这种情况也经常发生)"可知，新的研究发现了 多巴胺和乙酰胆碱水平变化的条件，即两者的作用 机制。故选C项。
13．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中"As expected, the drink treats created the typical patterns f dpamine and acetylchline release that are prmpted by rewards. Hwever, the team als bserved that befre receiving water treats, dpamine and acetylchline already fllwed ‘rise and fall" cycles apprximately twice every secnd. Krk ntes that this pattern cntinued regardless f whether the mice were running r standing still.(不出所料，这些水创造了多巴胺和乙酰胆碱释 放的典型模式，这些模式是由奖励引起的。然而， 该团队还观察到，在接受水的奖励之前，多巴胺和 乙酰胆碱已经遵循大约每秒两次的"上升和下降"周期。Krk指出，无论老鼠是在奔跑还是静止不动， 这种模式都会继续) "可知，在老鼠身上的实验显示 了多巴胺和乙酰胆碱一直在进行周期性地释放，即 两者的释放模式。故选B项。
14．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中"Lack f mtivatin is a cmmn symptm f depressin, making it challenging t perfrm basic tasks. It is pssible that a disruptin (扰乱) in the internal-drive system might be cntributing t this issue.(缺乏动力是 抑郁症的常见症状，使完成基本任务变得困难。内 部驱动系统的紊乱可能是导致此问题的原因之一)"可知，内部驱动系统的紊乱可能是抑郁症的原 因。故选D项。
15．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段 中"Nw, a new study describes hw learning still ccurs in the absence f rewards.(现在，一项新的研究描述了在没有奖励的情况下学习是如何发生的) "可知，文章主要围绕一项关于大脑学习的新研究展开，该研究发现，在没有外部奖励的情况下，多巴胺和乙酰胆碱仍然会相互作用，产生一种特定的模式。这种模式持续发生，不受实验中的老鼠是 否在跑步或休息的影响。这挑战了以往认为奖励是 促进学习的因素的观念，有助于解释大脑如何在自主学习时运作，并为理解抑郁症提供新的视角。因 此，文章主要是关于“学习可以在没有外部奖励的情况下进行”。故选B项。
16．答案：FAECG
17．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:也许明天的航 班会取消，这样我就不用去了我暗自希望。A. arranged安排;B. analysed分析;C. bked预定;D. cancelled取消。根据前文的"I felt a wave f fear"和后 文的"I didn't have t g after all—I _____ hped."可知， 作者害怕去，所以希望明天的航班会被取消。故选 D项。
18．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:也许明天的航 班会取消，这样我就不用去了我暗自希望。A. curiusly好奇地;B. secretly暗自感觉地;C. dubtfully怀疑地;D. prudly骄傲地。根据前文 的"Maybe tmrrw's flight wuld be Land I didn't have t g"可知，也许明天的航班会取消，这样就不 用去了，这是作者暗自希望的。故选B项。
19．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:那是2022年5 月，我辞去了在伦敦的工作，开始了为期一年的环 球旅行。A. prmised答应;B. prved证明;C. fund 发现;D. quit离开(工作职位、学校等)。根据后 文的"t begin a year-lng jurney arund the wrld"可知，作者开始了为期一年的环球旅行，可推测出作 者辞去了在伦敦的工作。故选D项。
20．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我喜欢旅 行，并有幸与朋友和家人一起访问了许多国家。A. sensitive敏感的;B. nervus紧张的;C. frtunate幸运 的;D. unwilling不情愿的。根据前文的"I lved t travel"和后文"visit many cuntries with friends and family"可知，作者喜欢旅行，与朋友和家人一起访 问了许多国家，所以作者认为这是幸运的。故选C 项。
21．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这一次，我 将独自旅行，这对一个有残疾的女人来说是相当可 怕的，尽管我从7岁起就学会了适应轮椅的生活。A. disappinting令人失望的;B. frightening可怕的;C. embarrassing令人尴尬的;D. exciting令人兴奋的。 根据前文的"I'd be travelling alne"和后文"fr a wman with a disability"可知，对一个有残疾的女人 来说独自旅行是相当可怕的。故选B项。
22．答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意:这一次，我将 独自旅行，这对一个有残疾的女人来说是相当可怕 的，尽管我从7岁起就学会了适应轮椅的生活。A. bject t反对;B. cmpare t与……相比;C. adapt t 适应;D. belng t属于。根据后文的"life in a wheelchair since I was 7"可知，从7岁起作者就学会了适应轮椅的生活。故选C项。
23．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:在一些国家， 交通便利性不是什么大问题，但我独自旅行的第一个目的地是巴厘岛。A. issue问题;B. experience经 验;C. demand需求;D. benefit利益。根据前文 的"Accessibility isn't much f a(n)"可知，无障碍在一 些国家不是什么大问题。故选A项。
24．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:在一些国家， 交通便利性不是什么大问题，但我独自旅行的第一个目的地是巴厘岛。A. cllectin藏品;B. cmmunicatin交流;C. assumptin假设;D. destinatin目的地。根据后文的"n my sl trip was Bali"可知，作者独自旅行的第一个目的地是巴厘 岛。故选D项。
25．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然我保证我 住的酒店不会有问题，但我无法消除任何风险。A. rid摆脱，消除，去掉;B. update更新;C. rganize组 织;D. tlerate容许。根据前文的"Althugh I'd ensured my htel wuldn't be a prblem, I culdn't"和 后文"any risks"可知，逗号前为让步状语从句，与逗号后的句子构成转折，所以虽然作者保证自己住的 酒店不会有问题，但却无法消除任何风险。故选A 项。
26．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意:如果进展不 顺利，你可以随时回家。A. wrk ut进展(顺利); B. settle dwn锻炼;C. cme ut出来;D. break dwn发生故障。根据后文的"yu can always cme hme"可知，父母安慰作者如果旅行进展不顺 利，可以随时回家。故选A项。
27．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:父母安慰我 说。A. believed相信;B. ignred忽略;C. helped帮 助;D. cmfrted安慰。根据前文的"If it desn't ______, yu can always cme hme"可 知，“如果旅行进展不顺利，可以随时回家”，这是 父母对作者的安慰。故选D项。
28．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:但我不会不 战而退。A. strategy策略;B. reward奖励;C. fight战斗，斗争;D. supprt支持。根据前文的"I wasn't ging t give up withut"可知，父母安慰作者如果旅行进展不顺利，可以随时回家，但是作者不想不战 而退。故选C项。
29．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:在巴厘岛， 我住的酒店是由一位好心的女士经营的，她确保我 有淋浴和其他我需要的东西。A. challenged挑战;B. run经营; C. damaged破坏;D. suspected怀疑。根据 后文的"by a kind wman wh made sure I had ______ t the shwer and anything else I needed."可知，她确保 作者可以淋浴和其他作者需要的东西，可推知酒店 是由这位善良的女士经营的。故选B项。
30．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:在巴厘岛， 我住的酒店是由一位好心的女士经营的，她确保我 有淋浴和其他我需要的东西。A. access获得的机 会;B. respnse响应;C. reference参考;D. addictin 上瘾。根据后文的"t the shwer and anything else I needed"可知，经营酒店的女士确保作者可以淋浴和 其他作者需要的东西。have access t sth.“能够获得 某物”。故选A项。
31．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:在她的帮助 下，我登上了一座山峰，看到了岛上的大部分风景。A. village村; B. range范围; C. peak山峰;D. stream流动。根据下文的"the view frm the tp was thrilling"可知，作者从山顶俯瞰景色，所以作者在 她的帮助下，登上了一座山峰。故选C项。
32．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:正如预测的 那样，从山顶俯瞰的景色令人激动。A. prepared准备;B. explained解释道;C. required要求;D. predicted预测。根据后文的"the view frm the tp was thrilling"可知，从山顶俯瞰的景色令人激动，这是 上山之前就预测到的。故选D项。
33．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在那之后，我就按照我所去的地方去旅行，在一个国家呆着，直到我感到无聊，然后去下一个国家。A. fascinated着迷的;B. bred无聊的;C. accustmed习 惯的;D. amused好笑的。根据后文的"and mved n t the next"可知，作者去下一个国家，是因为作者 感到无聊了，想换一个地方。故选B项。
34．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:无论我走到 哪里，比如非洲和亚洲，我都对陌生人帮助我的善良印象深刻。A. cruelty残忍;B. stubbrnness固执; C. kindness善良;D. selfishness自私。根据后文的"strangers helping me"可知，陌生人帮助作者，这 是善良的行为。故选C项。
35．答案：B
解析：考查固定短语辨析。句意:从那时起， 到2023年2月，我已经独自访问了66个国家。A. T start with 起初，首先;B. Frm then n从那时起;C. Nw and then不时;D. Sner r later迟早。根据后 文的"I'd visited a ttal f 66 cuntries n my wn by February 2023"可知，从那时起，即自从巴厘岛的旅 行，到2023年2月，作者已经独自访问了66个国家。 故选B项。
36．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:现在，我 完全相信残疾并不一定会阻止一个人走出去看世界。A. cnvinced确信的;B. guessed猜测;C. wrried担心的;D. questined怀疑的。根据前文"I'd visited a ttal f 66 cuntries n my wn by February 2023. "和后文的"that a disability desn't have t stp a persn frm getting ut there and seeing the wrld"可 知，残疾并不一定会阻止一个人走出去看世界，这 是作者现在所相信的。故选A项。
37．答案：that/which ；has struck/has stricken ；centimeters/centimetres ；cmfrtably；enjying；admiratin ；Launched；n/upn ；a ；accessible
解析：
38．答案：
This mrning I went t my favrite restaurant fr breakfast as . Tuched by an elderly cuple, next t me, I ffered t pay fr them. Knwing request, the wner there tld me ne f her unfrgettable . It was a cld mrning she went with her baby t stre. Her baby was screaming and crying, and she said srry t all the ther peple t shp in peace. Then, when she gt the bill, she realized that smene else paid fr it. It tuched her s much that it her t tears. After she saw me ding this, it reminded her that mment which meant s much t her.
39．答案：
My Understanding f Space Explratin
In my pinin, space explratin is crucial fr the prgress and develpment f mankind. The reasns are as fllws.
First f all, it expands ur understanding f the universe and its rigin, cntributing t advancements in astrnmy. In additin, it drives technlgical innvatin and imprves ur everyday lives. Technlgies like satellite cmmunicatin and weather frecast have develped frm space prgrams. Lastly, space explratin presents pprtunities fr future resurce utilizatin.
We ften benefit frm space explratin. Fr example, when we g t an unfamiliar place, we always turn t GPS fr help, and that is ne f the achievements f space explratin. In a wrd, by investing in space explratin, we pave the way fr a better future.
解析：
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