【热点题型归纳+演变】2024年高考英语专题训练 专题04 有提示词之非谓语动词-试卷

这是一份【热点题型归纳+演变】2024年高考英语专题训练 专题04 有提示词之非谓语动词-试卷，文件包含专题04有提示词之非谓语动词-2024年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练新高考通用原卷版docx、专题04有提示词之非谓语动词-2024年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练新高考通用解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共21页， 欢迎下载使用。

TOC \ "1-3" \h \z \u \l "_Tc151737141" 考点归纳 PAGEREF _Tc151737141 \h 1
\l "_Tc151737142" 考点01 -ing分词 PAGEREF _Tc151737142 \h 1
\l "_Tc151737143" 考点02 过去分词 PAGEREF _Tc151737143 \h 3
\l "_Tc151737144" 考点03 动词不定式 PAGEREF _Tc151737144 \h 4
\l "_Tc151737145" 高考练场 PAGEREF _Tc151737145 \h 5
\l "_Tc151737146" 考点01 -ing分词 PAGEREF _Tc151737146 \h 5
\l "_Tc151737147" 考点02 过去分词 PAGEREF _Tc151737147 \h 6
\l "_Tc151737148" 考点03 动词不定式 PAGEREF _Tc151737148 \h 7
考点归纳
考点01 -ing分词
【考点诠释】
-ing 分词分为现在分词和动名词两种，现在分词和动名词形式一样，都是由 v+ing 构成，但是在句子中的作用不一样，动名词是动词非谓语形式的一种，动名词兼有动词和名词的特征：在句中可以用作主语、表语、宾语和定语。现在分词在句中作状语、定语、表语、宾补。
-ing 分词构成一览表(以动词d为例)
语法填空题考查-ing分词的五个命题切入点：
1.考查介词后的动词用-ing分词：根据英语语法，介词后接动词作宾语时，用作宾语的动词原则上要用动名词。
2.考查习惯上后接-ing分词作宾语的动词：有些动词后常用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式，主要有admit, advise, allw, appreciate, avid, cnsider, delay, dislike, enjy, escape, finish, frbid, give up, imagine, keep, mind, miss, permit, practice, suggest等。
3.考查具有形容词性质的-ed分词与-ing分词的区别：有些动词的-ed分词和-ing分词具有形容词的性质，但由于它们用法区别很大，且在使用时常常用错，它也是考查的重点之一。
4.考查-ing分词派生名词的用法：由动词派出来的-ing分词有时可以名词化，变成名词——这也是高考英语语法填空的考点之一。
5.考查-ing分词派生副词的用法：具有形容词性质的-ing分词，原则上不能直接修饰形容词、副词或动词，此种情况下，应考虑将具有形容词性质的-ing分词变成副词，即在其后加上副词后缀-ly。
【典例1】
(2023下·湖南常德·高三常德市一中校考阶段练习) Actually, Zhangjiajie, 3 (hnred) as “the mst fantastic muntain under heaven” and “a walking Chinese landscape painting”, is als 4 (widely) praised as “an enlarged ptted landscaping” “a mini fairyland” and “a maze (迷宫) f nature”, (attract) a grwing number f turists at hme and abrad.
【详解】attracting 考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，张家界被誉为“天下第一奇山”和“行走的中国山水画”，也被广泛赞誉为“一个放大的盆栽景观”“一个迷你仙境”“一个自然迷宫”，吸引着越来越多的国内外游客。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着句子行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，因此应用attract的现在分词形式。故填attracting。
1.为了方便理解，先简化句子结构为：Zhangjiajie, ... is als 4 (widely) praised as ...；
2.由语境可判断此处表示“吸引着越来越多的国内外游客”，故应用做结果状语；
3.此空用attract的现在分词形式，表示某行为自然发生的结果，故应用attracting。
【变式1-1】(2023上·湖南·高三雅礼中学校考阶段练习)
The latte, (feature) the icnic Mutai label, cntains less than 0.5 percent alchl by vlume and is infused with 53-degree Mutai.
【变式1-2】(2023上·湖南·高三长郡中学校考阶段练习)
Giuffre spent arund tw years (make) the bk accessible 5 (t) Maltese readers.
【变式1-3】(2023上·广东汕头·高三汕头市潮阳实验学校校考期中)
“There was a lt f 4 (diversity), with everyne frm little children t prfessinals (submit) prpsals.” said Alexis,
【变式1-4】(2023秋·江苏南京·高三南京外国语学校校考开学考试)
Kwkui’s exceptinally large leaves ften lead t its (mistake) fr “vegetable” by first-time viewers, but this “king” f green tea in Fang’s eyes beats ther 6 (varieties) at mre than just size.
考点02 过去分词
【考点诠释】
过去分词会考它的一般式(dne)和将来式(t be dne)，它仅仅表示被动或完成的意思。从历年的高考题来看，主要考查过去分词作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。
1.作表语：过去分词作表语相当于一个形容词，用来说明主语的性质、特征或情感变化。这时一定要注意它与被动语态的区别，因为它们形式上完全相同。
2.作定语，需要注意：如果是单个过去分词作定语修饰名词的时候，要把它放在被修饰的名词前面；如果是过去分词短语修饰名词的时候，过去分词短语要放在被修饰的名词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。
3.作宾语补足语：过去分词作宾补，对宾语的意义和状态进行补充说明。它和宾语是逻辑上的动宾关系，或称为被动关系。
4.作状语：可表示时间、原因、条件、让步或伴随状况等意义，这时它相当于一个状语从句。这种分词短语作状语时,句子的主语是过去分词动作的承受者或非发出者。
【典例2】
(2023上·湖南·高三长郡中学校考阶段练习) The publicatin was partially financed by the Malta Bk Fund, an initiative (launch) by the Natinal Bk Cuncil and the China Cultural Centre in Malta.
【详解】launched 考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书的出版得到了马耳他图书基金的部分资助，该基金是由马耳他国家图书委员会和马耳他中国文化中心发起的。分析句子可知，launch (发起)作后置定语修饰名词initiative，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语initiative之间是被动关系，且根据句中的时态来看，launch这一动作已经完成，所以应用过去分词，表示被动和完成。故填launched。
1.由语境可判断，此处应该是后置定语，修饰前面的名词an initiative；
2.launch (发起)与其逻辑主语initiative之间是被动关系。
3.根据句中的时态来看，launch这一动作已经完成，所以应用过去分词，表示被动和完成。
【变式2-1】(2023上·湖南·高三湖南师大附中校考阶段练习)
A lng time ag, there was a muntain (name) “Chengdu Zaitian” in the vast wilderness.
【变式2-2】(2023·山东·山东省实验中学校考二模)
Therefre, every participant needs t have their dcuments (translate) in bth languages.
【变式2-3】(2023上·福建厦门·高三厦门一中校考期中)
(add) t UNESCO’s Wrld Heritage List in 1985, the district is enclsed by 900-year-ld walls built f red sandstne that nce 3 (defended) the city against danger.
【变式2-4】(2023上·重庆巴南·高三重庆市实验中学校考期中)
This past summer I lived in Rme, Italy fr six weeks thrugh a prgram (call) Study Abrad Italy.
考点03 动词不定式
【考点诠释】
在学习非谓语动词时，动词不定式是语法学习的一个重点，也是一个难点。在英语语法中占有非常重要的地位，是高考必考点之一。结合近几年高考英语试题来看，对不定式的考查主要体现在动词不定式作定语、宾语、表语、状语，动词不定式与现在分词和过去分词的区别。
1.不定式作定语时，要记住这个规律：①如果动作是由句子主语发出的，那么就用动词不定式的主动形式；如果动作不是句子主语发出的，就用动词不定式的被动形式。②如果动作没有发生，用动词不定式作定语；若动作完成了则用过去分词作定语；若动作正在进行则用现在分词作定语。
2.动词不定式与动词ing形式作主语或宾语时，有时是没有区别的，但有时却是大不相同。常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有refuse, affrd, want, help, agree, arrange, ask, decide, prmise, intend, attempt等。
3.动词不定式作表语，通常表示具体的或将来的动作。
4.动词不定式主要用作目的状语通常放在句首，放在句子末尾的时候，不用逗号隔开，只有nly t d作结果状语时才用逗号与前面内容隔开。
【典例3】
(2023上·福建福州·高三福建省福州第一中学校考开学考试) “When I was little, I was always enchanted by buildings,” said Edna Blaise, 29, frm Haiti, “but nt until I started my jurney in China did I realize Chinese architecture has s many things (ffer).”
【详解】t ffer 考查非谓语动词。句意：但直到我开始我的中国之旅，我才意识到中国建筑有这么多可提供给我们的东西。分析句子可知，has是句中谓语动词，ffer是非谓语动词，作后置定语修饰名词many things，表示尚未发生的事情，用不定式作后置定语。故填t ffer。
1.由语境可判断，此处应该是后置定语，修饰前面的名词many things；
2.ffer (提供)与其逻辑主语many things之间是被动关系，此处用主动形式表被动。
【变式3-1】(2023上·山东德州·高三德州市第一中学校考阶段练习)
Additinally, the ceremny used a large number f drne perfrmances (create) a stunning visual spectacle.
【变式3-2】(2023·湖北襄阳·襄阳四中校考三模)
“It is f vital imprtance t get this infrmatin easy (understand) and btainable fr the public.” he said, adding he lked frward t seeing mre cperatin between Malaysia and China in diverse fields.
【变式3-3】(2023上·湖北荆州·高三沙市中学校考阶段练习)
When curtyards were built with taller buildings in the nrth 8 (and) shrter walls facing east and west in the suth, it allwed the maximum amunt f sunlight (warm) the building during the winter mnths.
【变式3-4】(2023·浙江·德清县高级中学校考模拟预测)
The Yungang Grttes in Shanxi prvince als have 3D “digital archives”, which allw precius cultural relics and histrical archives 10 (preserve) permanently.
高考练场
I. 单句语法填空
考点01 -ing分词
1. (2023年新高考英语全国I卷) N matter where I buy them, ne steamer is rarely enugh, yet tw seems greedy, s I am always left _________ (want) mre next time.
2. (2023年新高考英语全国II卷) They talk t the fld f internatinal turists and t ________ (visit) Chinese zkeepers wh ften cme t check n the pandas, which are n lan frm China.
3. (2023年新高考英语全国甲卷) “There was nce a twn in the heart f America, 44 (where) all life seemed t enjy peaceful existence with is surrundings,” her fable begins, (brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
4. (2023年新高考英语全国乙卷) (visit) several times ver the last 10 years, I 67 (was amazed) by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while cnstantly grwing.
5. (2023年新高考英语全国乙卷) As a phtgrapher, I have spent the last tw years (recrd) everything I discvered.
6. (2022年新高考英语全国I卷) (cver) an area abut three times 57 (the) size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.
7. (2022年新高考英语全国II卷) When he saw a yung child hanging frm a sixth-flr apartment balcny (阳台), Henry ran ne hundred metres, jumped ver a 1.2-metre fence, and held ut his arms t catch the (fall) child.
8. (2022年新高考英语全国甲卷) He flew 4,700 kilmeters 69 (frm) Xi’an t Kashgar n Sept. 20, ________ (plan) t hike back t Xi’an in five mnths.
9. (2022年新高考英语全国乙卷) 68 (T strengthen) the cnnectin with yung peple,the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, (invite) twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
10. (2021年新高考英语全国I卷) Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure 62 ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur (ache) legs.
11. (2021年新高考英语全国甲卷) After _________ (spend) sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time fr sme actin and what better than t ride n a piece f histry!
12. (2021年新高考英语全国乙卷) • Minimize the impact f ________ (visit) the place.
13. (2020年新高考英语全国全国I卷) As well as lking at exhibits, visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in histry r ________ (walk) thrugh a rainfrest.
14. (2020年新高考英语全国全国III卷) And when he saw the mists rising frm the river and the sft cluds _________ (surrund) the muntain tps, he was reduced t tears.
15. (2019年新课标全国I卷) Scientists have respnded by ________ (nte) that hungry bears may be cngregating (聚集) arund human settlements, leading t the illusin (错觉) that ppulatins are higher than they actually are.
16. (2019年新课标全国Ⅱ卷) A 90-year-ld has been awarded “Wman Of The Year” fr ________ (be) Britain’s ldest full-time emplyee--- still wrking 40 hurs a week.
考点02 过去分词
1. (2023年新高考英语全国I卷) Shanghai may be the __________ (recgnize) hme f the sup dumplings but fd histrians will actually pint yu t the neighbring canal twn f Nanxiang as Xia lng ha’s birthplace.
2. (2023年新高考英语全国甲卷) Behind the simple style, hwever, is a serius message _________ (intend) fr everyne.
3. (2023年新高考英语全国乙卷) Frm Buddhist temples t museums, narrw hutng t ryal palaces, it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut, with the city keeping its carefully ______ (build) system f ring rads.
4. (2022年新高考英语全国甲卷) Inspired by the Belt and Rad Frum fr Internatinal Cperatin ________ (hld) in Beijing, Ca decided t cver the rute by hiking as a tribute (致敬) t the ancient Silk Rad.
5. (2022年新高考英语全国乙卷) “ It can help t build a cmmunity with a _______ (share) future fr mankind,” he said.
6. (2021年新高考英语全国I卷) Strange, isn’t it? But that’s hw nature is — always leaving us ___________ (astnish).
7. (2021年新高考英语全国乙卷) It is different frm traditinal turism because it allws the traveler t becme __________ (educate) abut the areas
8. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ) I quickly lwer myself, ducking my head t avid lking directly int his eyes s he desn’t feel ___________ (challenge).
9. (全国Ⅰ) But my cnnectin with pandas ges back t my days n a TV shw in the mid－1980s, when I was the first Western TV reprter _________ (permit) t film a special unit caring fr pandas rescued frm starvatin in the wild.
考点03 动词不定式
1. (2023年新高考英语全国I卷) T eat ne, yu have t decide whether ______ (bite) a small hle in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill
2. (2023年新高考英语全国I卷) Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them ___________ (lift) ut f the steamer basket withut allwing them tearing r spilling any f their cntents.
3. (2023年新高考英语全国甲卷) Fr thusands f years, peple have tld fables (寓言) —________ (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm.
4. (2022年新高考英语全国甲卷) A visually-challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days t Xi’an, as a first step __________ (jurney) the Belt and Rad rute (路线) by ft.
5. (2022年新高考英语全国I卷) The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that were previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity __________ (increase) effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
6. (2022年新高考英语全国I卷) He pushed a chair nt the balcny, and climbed up ______ (see) them.
7. (2022年新高考英语全国乙卷) __________ (strengthen) the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial
8. (2021年新高考英语全国II卷) I decided t d smething __________ (educate) peple abut this prblem.
9. (2021年新高考英语全国甲卷) It is pssible ________ (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
10. (2021年新高考英语全国乙卷) Activities there range frm whale watching t hiking (远足) and accmmdatins aim ________ (have) a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
11. (2020年高考英语全国I卷) Chinese researchers hpe t use the instruments nbard Chang’e-4 (find) and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.
12. (2020年高考英语全国II卷) These days, it is nt unusual fr 10-t 12-year-lds t publish their wn websites r fr secnd and third graders ________ (begin) cmputer classes.
13. (2020年高考英语全国III卷) The next mrning he hired a bat and set ut (find) the well-knwn painter.
14. (2019年高考英语III卷) On ur way t the huse, it was raining s hard that we culdn’t help wndering hw lng it wuld take ______ (get) there.
15. (2019年高考英语·浙江卷) But sme students didn’t want ________ (wear) the unifrm.
16. (2019年高考英语·江苏卷) _________ (enjy) the cnvenience f digital payment, many senir citizens started t use smart phnes.
17. (2018年高考英语·全国卷Ⅰ)Yu dn’t have t run fast r fr lng _______ (see) the benefit.
18. (2018年高考英语·全国卷Ⅱ) The gvernment encurages farmers t grw crn instead f rice ___________ (imprve) water quality.
19. (2018年高考英语·全国卷Ⅲ) Once his message was delivered, he allwed me _______ (stay) and watch.
20. (新课标高考英语全国Ⅰ) It tk years f wrk __________ (reduce) the industrial pllutin and clean the water.
II.语篇填空：
第二节 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。
(2023上·重庆·高三重庆巴蜀中学校考阶段练习)
Fall marks cricket fighting seasn in China, a sprt 1 (believe) t date back mre than a millennium. In recent years, it’s gained 2 (ppular) with new generatins.
Here’s 3 the game wrks. Tw crickets —always males are weighed t the clsest hundredth f a gram 4 then paired ff by weight class. They 5 (place) in a clear plastic ring nearly the size f a dinner plate, with a dividing wall 6 (separate) the tw insects. A referee signals g time, then slides ut the ring divider t let the bugs face ff.
The wners pke a special reed (芦苇) in t brush their crickets, which drives them t fight. A referee clsely mnitrs the tiny fighters, nting 7 number f attacks and retreats. Cricket enthusiasts wax petic abut a certain prvince because f the fierceness f its six-legged fighters. Ningyang cunty in Shandng prduces especially desired bugs, the sale f which brings 8 abut 600 millin yuan in revenue a year.
Zha Jiuling is a 9 (cmmit) cricket cmpetitr. Each night, he cks a nutritius meal f grain and bean pwder fr crickets. “They’re very 10 (pick) abut bth their fd and mates,” he said. “Smetimes they dn’t like each ther. Dmestic vilence happens bth ways. Smetimes the females eat the males,” he added.
时态
主动形式
被动形式
一般式
ding
being dne
完成式
having dne
having been dne
否定式
否定词 (nt / never) + -ing