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2023-2024学年山东省青岛市李沧区高三上学期期中考试英语试题含答案
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这是一份2023-2024学年山东省青岛市李沧区高三上学期期中考试英语试题含答案，共23页。试卷主要包含了 5分，满分375分）， He was 94等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分375分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bringing Gds int the UK
Yu are allwed t bring sme gds fr persnal use withut paying tax r duty.
Arrivals frm EU cuntries
Yu can bring gds frm EU cuntries withut being charged tax r duty if they are:
●transprted by yurself; ●a gift r fr persnal use; ●bught with tax and duty included
Yu can bring alchl and tbacc frm EU cuntries withut restrictin but an inquiry might be required depending n the amunt f yur gds.
Arrivals frm utside the EU
Yu will be free f duty r tax n certain amunts f gds brught frm utside the EU, as lng as they are fr yur wn use. Any gds that are beynd yur allwance shuld be declared.
Alchl & tbacc allwance
※There are n duty-free allwances fr tbacc r alchl if yu're under 17.
Allwance fr ther gds:
The maximum value f ther gds yu can bring is £390. Any single item that is wrth mre than the allwance will be charged duty r tax n its full value.
The rate f duty r tax n items abve the allwance is:
●2.5% fr gds wrth up t £630;
●decided by the type f gds wrth abve £630-check by calling the VAT, Custms and Excise Helpline.
Inside the UK; 0300 200 3700
Outside the UK: +44 2920 501 261
Wrking time: 8 am t 6 pm, Mnday t Friday,
Banned and restricted gds
Gds banned include:
●illegal drugs; ●ffensive weapns; ●endangered animal and plant species;
●meat and dairy prducts frm mst nn-EU cuntries.
Fd and plant prducts restricted include;
●prducts cntaining pests and diseases;
●prducts grwn utside the EU;
●prducts nt fr yur wn use.
We reserve the right t seize the gds which are n suspicin f vilating intellectual prperty rights.
1. Which f the fllwing prducts frm utside the EU has the largest duty-free allwance?
A. Beer.B. Wine (nt sparkling wine).C. Spirits.D. Alchlic drinks.
2. Hw much tax shall ne cming frm China pay fr a ring bught in America wrth £500?
A. £2. 75B. £12.5C. £110.D. £130.
3. Which f the fllwing items shall be banned r restricted?
A. A set f Russian dlls.B. A bttle f French wine.
C. A brick f Australian cheese.D. A package f Spanish cigarettes.
B
Eugene Newman Parker, a leading figure in helispheric(日球层的) physics fr the past half century, passed away peacefully at his hme in Chicag n Mar. 15. He was 94.
Hailed(誉为) as a visinary in the field f heliphysics, Parker revlutinized ur understanding f the sun and its effects n Earth and ther bdies within the slar system. NASA even stated that “the field f heliphysics exists in large part because f Dr. Eugene Parker. In 2018, Parker became the first living scientist t witness the launch f a spacecraft that was named in his hnr.
Parker is best knwn fr his grundbreaking thery n the existence f a phenmenn called “slar wind”, a cntinuus stream f charged particles that flw ff the sun. It can becme vilent, causing space weather that impacts the Earth. When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his thery was initially met with skepticism(怀疑) and ridicule by the scientific cmmunity. The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an abslute vacuum(真空), and was thus cmpletely empty f any matter. But, there were n errrs in his study r his calculatins, and the thery was later prven t be crrect in 1962, when a NASA spacecraft missin t Venus revealed the cnstant presence f a supersnic wind—exactly as Parker had predicted.
That experience likely led t the advice Parker ften gave yung researchers: “If yu d smething new r innvative, expect truble. But think critically abut it because if yu’re wrng, yu want t be the first ne t knw that.” Parker never c-authred a paper with his students, thus urging them t be independent.
Parker was humble, straightfrward, and wise. His sn Eric said, “My sister Jyce and I didn’t get a real feel fr what a ‘big dg’ ur dad was in the field.” They gt an even better sense when a mnth after Parker’s death, they traveled t Lund, Sweden, t accept n his behalf the Crafrd Prize in Astrnmy.
4. What can we learn frm the secnd paragraph?
A. A spacecraft was named in memry f Parker.
B. The sun has less effects n Earth than expected.
C. Parker deserved credit fr his great cntributins.
D. NASA prvided new insights int the lunar effect.
5. Why did peple view Parker’s thery f “slar wind” skeptically at first?
A. It went against the ppular pinin at that time.
B. Sme mistakes were fund in his calculatins.
C. The presence f a supersnic wind was prven by NASA.
D. Matter was believed t exist in the space between planets.
6. What did Parker suggest yung researchers d?
A. seek clse cperatinB. avid high expectatins
C. learn by trial and errrD. cmpete against thers
7. What wrds can be used t describe Parker accrding t the passage?
A. straightfrward and generusB. respnsible and accessible
C. intelligent yet cnservativeD. distinguished yet mdest
C
Frm rlling hills t muntain ranges, views make any rad trip memrable, but fr blin d passengers this is part f the experience they miss. Mtr cmpany Frd tries t change that. It teamed up with GTB Rm a and AedPrject—t develp a technlgy that will give thse unfrtunate passengers a way t feel nature’s beauty thrugh their car windws.
The prttype (原型) f the smart car windw has a device with an utside-facing camera. With just a press f a buttn, the system takes a picture f the current view. The clrful picture is then turned int an image with different shades f grey thrugh, LED lights, which vibrates (震动) differently. As the finger passes ver different regins f the image, its shaking mvements prvide feedback thrugh the sense f tuch t the persn using it. The smart windw als cmes with a vice assistant that uses AI t identify the scene and help the passengers get infrmatin n what they’re seeing.
“As the prttype started taking shape, we realized we were giving birth t a cmpletely new language that wuld give blind peple a new chance t visualize and experience traveling,” Federic Russ.-ne directr f GTBRma, said. “When the idea was at its first stage, we lked fr suppliers all arund the wrld t make it cme t life.” He believes the technlgy can be emplyed nt just in cars. “It culd be intrduced int schls and in stitutins fr blind peple as a tl that culd be used in multiple ways.”
The technlgy may shw up in a Frd autnmus vehicle. It’s knwn that the cmpany is testing their technlgy and future business mdel and struggling t figure ut hw an autnmus vehicle gives different passengers the details needed t get frm ne destinatin t anther. It’s unclear when this technlgy will be made available. Hwever, the idea f building smething fr the less advanced is indeed a kind and influential actin.
8. Hw des the smart car windw wrk?
A. By srting shaking mvements.B. By recrding the view with a camera.
C. By translating scenery int vibratins.D. By presenting different shades f clrs.
9. What can we knw abut the technlgy accrding t Federic Russø?
A. It will have wide applicatin.B. It will be used in schls first.
C. It will be tested arund the wrld.D. It will understand different languages.
10. What difficulty is Frd facing currently?
A. Hw t explre their future business mdel.
B. Hw the technlgy is applied t everyday life.
C. Hw t prduce autnmus cars in large numbers.
D. Hw an autnmus vehicle prvides rute infrmatin.
11. Which can be the best title fr the text?
A. AI-based Windw Adds Fun t Rad Trips
B. Frd Develps a System fr the Blind t Drive
C. Smart Windw Lets Blin d Passengers Feel Views
D. Technlgy Makes Blind Peple’s Trip Enjyable
D
Imagine a future where science has created yur twin. Nt a flesh-and-bld twin, but ne that recreates yur flesh and bld, yur bnes, yur heart, yur brain — yur whle bdy, in fact — as an extremely cmplicated cmputer mdel.
Yur dctrs can use this digital twin t wrk ut hw yu will respnd t a particular drug r medical prcedure. They can even lk further int the future, creating a “healthcast”, t frecast what diseases might happen t yu r hw yur lifestyle will affect yur health as yu age. It is the ultimate in persnalized medicine. This is the bld visin set ut in Virtual Yu: Hw building yur digital twin will revlutinize medicine and change yur life by Peter Cveney, directr f the Centre fr Cmputatinal Science, and Rger Highfield, science directr f the Science Museum Grup, UK.
Digital twins are already in widespread use in industries such as civil engineering. But these mdel systems are much simpler than the cmplex human bdy. Imagine all the parts that cme tgether t make yu wrk: frm the 3 billin letters f yur genme (基因组), the numerus mlecules (分子) that make up yur cells, the trillins f cells building yur tissues and rgans, and the envirnment having its input t. Nw, imagine trying t create a mdel f this that is made t each unique individual and that predicts the changes that will take place ver a lifetime. This is easier said than dne. Changes in the systems bilgists want t describe are usually different frm what mathematicians describe as “nn-linear” (非线性的). Anther cmplicatin is “emergence”: where the whle f a system is greater than the sum f its parts. This cmplexity challenges mathematics and pushes cmputing t the limit t.
But getting t the next level — a whle human individual — is ging t require yet mre data and a revlutin in cmputing technlgy far beynd what is currently pssible. Whether we will get there is an pen questin, but Virtual Yu shws us what scientists frm different fields can achieve when they all wrk tgether.
12. What be learned abut yur science-made twin accrding t Paragraph 1?
A. Yur twin lks just like yu.
B. Yur twin knws yur thughts.
C. Yur twin exists n the cmputer.
D. Yur twin is created ut f yur DNA.
13. Why is it difficult t build a digital twin?
A. Human bdy is mre cmplicated than mdels.
B. Digital twins are nt widely used in industries.
C. Scientists lack enugh data in building it.
D. Mathematicians and bilgists hld different pinins.
14. What’s the authr’s attitude twards the idea f a digital twin?
A. Optimistic.
B. Uncertain.
C. Uncncerned.
D. Skeptical.
15. What is the purpse f this text?
A. T stress the necessity f digital twins.
B. T shw the effects f digital twins n future health.
C. T explain the building f digital twins in health.
D. T intrduce new treatments fr diseases in the future.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
If yu’ve studied bilgy, yu’ve prbably learned abut bld types. Or perhaps yu have learned smething abut bld types frm scial media. 16 These letters crrespnd t tw antigens(抗原),A and B. Peple with AB bld have bth antigens, thse with A r B have nly ne, and peple with O have n antigens at all.
17 If yu’ve had a bld transfusin(输血), yu are prbably aware that yur bld type determines which bld yu can receive. Maybe yu’ll think that yu shuld plan yur meals based n yur bld type. 18 This last cncept is ppular in Asia, particularly in Suth Krea. Smene with type-A bld is thught t be cnsiderate but shy. Peple with type-B bld are knwn fr being creative but dd. Type-O individuals are cnsidered t be sme f the mst sciable peple. Thse with type-AB are sensible artists, but smetimes calculating r unpredictable.
Suth Krea is ne place where the bld type persnality thery catches n. A study released in 2017 suggests that nearly 60%Suth Kreans believe that bld types serve as an indicatr f a persn’s persnality. 19
But such thery can als cause discriminatin. In the abve-mentined study, abut half f the respndents said that they like peple with type-O bld the best. 20 The general belief was that type-O individuals have a persnality that best fits the culture in Suth Krea, while AB-types dn’t suit such a cultural utlk. As a result, in recent years, many media have stpped prmting the thery.
A. Many factrs cntribute t yur bld type.
B. S, what des bld type mean t yu persnally?
C. Meanwhile, nly 6%f thse surveyed said they like AB-types.
D. They have a large scial circle but are very easy t get annyed.
E. Or perhaps yu think yur bld type influences yur persnality.
F. Even thse that dn’t agree with the cncept are familiar with the idea.
G. Either way, yu’ll knw there are fur main bld types: A, B, O, and AB.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Early n the mrning f Octber 13, LaPierre was heading t the Chicag Marathn n the city’s Blue Line L. The 21 was full f energized marathners. Befre lng, LaPierre nticed a man mving frm passenger t passenger, asking fr spare 22 . His behavir struck LaPierre as “really weird,” especially the way he stared dwn anyne he felt hadn’t 23 him enugh.
At the Cumberland statin, mst f the passengers suddenly 24 the car. LaPierre rushed ut t see what was ging n, nly t hear 25 peple shuting that the man asking fr mney was, in fact, armed and 26 peple.
As the armed man hpped nt the next train car, LaPierre fllwed him. “I culd nt 27 knwing there were 28 children and peple just trying t get t a race,” he says.
The man turned and saw LaPierre, his head dwn, bull-rushing him. Althugh the man was far 29 and yunger, LaPierre crashed int him and managed t pin him 30 the clsed dr. “Once I gt a few feet frm him, I knew he wuldn’t be able t react fast enugh t 31 me,” he tld the Chicag Sun-Times. The tw men fught fr the gun — and their 32 . The man tried pushing past him, but 33 , LaPierre grabbed the gun and handed it t a passenger. Then the plice pured int the train, and LaPierre let them 34 . He had a marathn t run.
This was nt the first time LaPierre had jumped int a(n) 35 . A few years back, he helped prevent a drugstre rbbery. “I just happen t be at the right place at the right mment,” he says.
21. A. cachB. planeC. trainD. ship
22. A. seatB. changeC. fdD. time
23. A. thankedB. paidC. knwnD. given
24. A. pulledB. fledC. bardedD. started
25. A. encuragedB. disappintedC. panickedD. cnfused
26. A. beggingB. entertainingC. rbbingD. dismissing
27. A. walk awayB. break inC. step frwardD. cme alng
28. A. carefulB. braveC. inncentD. needy
29. A. largerB. thinnerC. wiserD. quieter
30. A. ffB. againstC. beyndD. under
31. A. shtB. chaseC. sptD. miss
32. A. prizesB. fundsC. livesD. rights
33. A. naturallyB. thankfullyC. generallyD. unfrtunately
34. A. stand byB. back ffC. play alngD. take ver
35. A. raceB. fightC. argumentD. situatin
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Fr peple interested in learning mre abut the ethnic (少数民族) Mia culture, an ideal place t experience it is an ethnic Mia cmmunity, called Qianhu, in Guizhu Prvince. 36 has preserved the distinctive cultural traditins f the Mia ethnic grup exhibited in the frms f architecture, arts, and daily lifestyle.
This wrld’s largest Mia cmmunity cnsists 37 a dzen smaller settlements 38 (spread) ver rlling muntains. Singing is 39 essential part f lcal life. The Mia peple begin t learn hw t sing as early as they can speak.
The Mia peple are als knwn fr making fine embridery (刺绣). Different frm ther parts f China, the themes 40 (express) in Mia embridery are shwy, 41 (imagine), and ften based n flklres (民俗). Meanwhile, Mia peple can 42 (effrtless) arrange clrs in a way that avids awkwardness. This is a truly natural gift.
Anther fine element f the Mia culture is wearing silver rnaments (装饰). Fr mst f their histry, the Mia peple 43 (have) n written language, s they had t preserve and pass n their heritage thrugh visual elements, like carving histry n silver rnaments. Over time, this craft has evlved int a vehicle 44 represents the Mia culture and spirit.
The Mia sngs, embridery, and silver rnaments all cnvey the rich, prfund histry f the Mia peple and 45 (symbl) the cntinuity f their culture and traditins.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是校学生会主席李华，外教Mike被评为本学期“最受欢迎教师”。请写一份颁奖词，内容包括：
1.回顾Mike的工作；2.简述他获奖的理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；2.结束语已为你写好，不计字数；3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear all,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nw let’s welcme ur principal t present this award t Mike!
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I lked arund the crwded waiting rm at the hspital and sighed. Wuld the dctr be able t see my eight-year-ld sn next? I culdn’t stp shaking as the wund in his frehead was deep.
We were at the hspital because anther child had thrwn a rck at Luke during the break as he was running arund the crner.
Luke received fur stitches (缝针). I fught back the urge t cry. Fr the next tw days, his eye was swllen shut and black and blue. I felt like I’d had a mini nervus breakdwn. Every time I tried t sleep r tend t d sme husewrk, hrrible thughts crept int my mind. What if he’d lst his eye? What if he’d had brain damage? His dctr assured me he was ging t be fine, but the what-ifs kept cming. Fear had taken ver, and then the fear turned t anger. I was angry with the child wh’d thrwn the rck. I just culdn’t shake it. What was she thinking? She shuld have knwn better.
Several days later, Luke’s teacher called me that evening t see hw he was feeling, telling me Katie felt terrible and heartbrken ver what had happened. I asked the teacher t make Katie understand she culdn’t d that and remind her f the dangers f thrwing rcks. The teacher agreed, which made me feel better.
I nticed that as Luke started t heal physically, I wasn’t as angry. I thught abut Katie and Luke. I wanted t stand up fr my sn, prtect him, but I didn’t want t mistreat Katie because I learned frm the teacher Katie really was a nice kid and that she was just trying t remve the rck s n ther children wuld trip n it.
Last night, Luke’s teacher stpped by and drpped ff a get-well card that Katie had made. Luck and I read it several times, and I culdn’t help but feel a little chked up. It was a sincere aplgy.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I wanted this t be a teachable mment fr Luke t learn abut frgiveness.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next mrning, Luke and I waited fr Katie with the letter at the schl gate.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Type f gds
Cigarettes
Cigars
Tbacc
Beer
Wine
(nt sparking wine)
Spirits
Alchlic drinks
Amunt
200
50
250 grams
16 litres
4 litres
1 litres
2 litres
参考答案：
1. A 2. B 3. C
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇关于能够带入英国物品的说明，包括可以带入的物品、要被征税的物品和烟酒类产品的起征额度等信息。
1. 细节理解题。根据Alchl & tbacc allwance 表格中“Beer：16 litres(啤酒：16升)”是所有商品中数额最大的，故“啤酒”这种来自欧盟以外的产品有最大的免税额度。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据 “The rate f duty r tax n items abve the allwance is: ●2.5% fr gds wrth up t £630(超过免税额的物品的税率为：●630英镑以下的商品价格为2.5%)”可知，一个来自中国的人在美国买一枚价值500英镑的戒指要交税500*2.5%=12.5英镑。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据“Gds banned include: ●meat and dairy prducts frm mst nn-EU cuntries.(禁止的商品包括：来自大多数非欧盟国家的肉类和奶制品)”可知，澳大利亚奶酪砖会被禁止带入。故选C。
4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了日球物理学的领军人物，尤金·纽曼·帕克的贡献以及他对年轻人的影响。
4. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Parker revlutinized ur understanding f the sun and its effects n Earth and ther bdies within the slar system. (帕克彻底改变了我们对太阳及其对地球和太阳系内其他天体的影响的认识。)”以及“NASA even stated that “the field f heliphysics exists in large part because f Dr. Eugene Parker. (美国宇航局甚至表示，“太阳物理学领域的存在在很大程度上要归功于尤金·帕克博士。”)”可知，帕克对整个日球物理学领域做出了极大的贡献，他是值得赞扬的。故选C。
5. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“ When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his thery was initially met with skepticism(怀疑) and ridicule by the scientific cmmunity.(当帕克的研究成果于1958年发表时，他的理论最初遭到了科学界的质疑和嘲笑。)”以及“The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an abslute vacuum(真空), and was thus cmpletely empty f any matter. (当时的普遍观点是，行星之间的空间是绝对真空的，因此完全没有任何物质。)”可知，人们起初对帕克的“太阳风”理论持怀疑态度，因为它违背了当时的流行观点。故选A。
6. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“That experience likely led t the advice Parker ften gave yung researchers: “If yu d smething new r innvative, expect truble. But think critically abut it because if yu’re wrng, yu want t be the first ne t knw that.” (这段经历可能导致了帕克经常给年轻研究人员的建议：“如果你做了一些新的或创新的事情，预计会有麻烦。但要批判性地思考，因为如果你错了，你想成为第一个知道这一点的人。”)”可知，帕克给年轻人的建议是从错误和尝试中学习。故选C。
7. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hailed(誉为) as a visinary in the field f heliphysics, Parker revlutinized ur understanding f the sun and its effects n Earth and ther bdies within the slar system. (被誉为作为太阳物理学领域的梦想家，帕克彻底改变了我们对太阳及其对地球和太阳系内其他天体影响的理解。)”以及根据最后一段中“Parker was humble, straightfrward, and wise.( 帕克谦逊、直率、睿智。)”可知，帕克是杰出但谦逊的。故选D。
8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。福特公司联合GTB Rma和Aed Prject研发了一款智能车窗，帮助盲人感受旅途中的风景，带给盲人全新的旅行体验。
8. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The prttype (原型) f the smart car windw has a device with an utside-facing camera. With just a press f a buttn, the system takes a picture f the current view. The clrful picture is then turned int an image with different shades f grey thrugh, LED lights, which vibrates (震动) differently. As the finger passes ver different regins f the image, its shaking mvements prvide feedback thrugh the sense f tuch t the persn using it.(智能车窗的原型有一个面向外部的摄像头。只需按下一个按钮，系统就会拍下当前视图的照片。然后通过不同震动的LED灯将彩色图像转换成不同灰度的图像。当手指经过图像的不同区域时，它的抖动动作通过触觉向使用它的人提供反馈)”可知，智能车窗通过将风景转化为振动，它的抖动动作通过触觉向使用它的人提供反馈。故选C项。
9. 推理判断题。根据第三段的“He believes the technlgy can be emplyed nt just in cars. “It culd be intrduced int schls and in stitutins fr blind peple as a tl that culd be used in multiple ways.”(他认为，这项技术不仅可以应用于汽车。“它可以作为一种工具引入学校和盲人机构，可以以多种方式使用。”)”可知，Federic Russ认为，这项技术不仅可以应用于汽车，还可以作为一种多用途的工具引入盲人学校和为盲人服务的机构。由此可推知，Federic Russ认为这项技术有广泛的应用价值。故选A。
10. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’s knwn that the cmpany is testing their technlgy and future business mdel and struggling t figure ut hw an autnmus vehicle gives different passengers the details needed t get frm ne destinatin t anther. It’s unclear when this technlgy will be made available.(众所周知，该公司正在测试他们的技术和未来的商业模式，并努力弄清楚自动驾驶汽车如何为不同的乘客提供从一个目的地到另一个目的地所需的细节。目前还不清楚这项技术何时能投入使用)”可知，福特目前面临的困难是如何为不同的乘客提供从一个目的地到另一个目的地所需的细节，也就是自动驾驶汽车如何提供路线信息。故选D项。
11. 主旨大意题。阅读全文尤其是第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了福特公司联合GTB Rma和Aed Prject研发了一款智能车窗，这种智能车窗使盲人有可能感受到旅途中的风景，故D项“Smart Windw Lets Blin d Passengers Feel Views(智能窗户让乘客感受美景)”作标题最为恰当。故选D项。
12. C 13. A 14. A 15. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了健康领域的数字双胞胎模型，包括其概念、发挥的作用、建模的难点和未来的发展趋势。
12. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Nt a flesh-and-bld twin, but ne that recreates yur flesh and bld, yur bnes, yur heart, yur brain — yur whle bdy, in fact — as an extremely cmplicated cmputer mdel.（不是血肉之躯的双胞胎，而是将你的血肉之躯、骨骼、心脏、大脑——实际上是你的整个身体——复制成一个极其复杂的计算机模型。）”可知，你的科学双胞胎存在于电脑中。故选C项。
13. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Changes in the systems bilgists want t describe are usually different frm what mathematicians describe as “nn-linear” (非线性的). Anther cmplicatin is “emergence”: where the whle f a system is greater than the sum f its parts. This cmplexity challenges mathematics and pushes cmputing t the limit t.（生物学家想要描述的系统变化通常不同于数学家所描述的“非线性”。另一个复杂的问题是“涌现”：一个系统的整体大于其各部分的总和。这种复杂性对数学提出了挑战，也将计算推向了极限。）”可知，建立数字双胞胎的困难在于人体远比模型复杂，其中的系统变化和涌现问题非常难以解决。故选A项。
14. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But getting t the next level — a whle human individual — is ging t require yet mre data and a revlutin in cmputing technlgy far beynd what is currently pssible. Whether we will get there is an pen questin, but Virtual Yu shws us what scientists frm different fields can achieve when they all wrk tgether.（但要达到下一个阶段——一个完整的人类个体——将需要更多的数据和一场远远超出目前可能的计算技术革命。我们是否能实现这一目标是一个悬而未决的问题，但《虚拟的你》向我们展示了来自不同领域的科学家在共同努力时所能取得的成就。）”可知，作者认为虽然能否创造一个完整的人类个体仍然未知，但是《虚拟的你》这本书已经展示了科学家们在共同努力方面的成就。由此推知，作者对数字双胞胎的想法是积极乐观的。故选A项。
15. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章为读者介绍了健康领域的数字双胞胎模型，包括其概念、发挥的作用、建模的难点和未来的发展趋势。因此，文章的目的在于解释健康领域数字双胞胎的构建。故选C项。
16. G 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了血型的基本信息，包括ABO血型系统的基本知识，以及一些可能与血型相关的个性理论。虽然这些个性理论在一些地方很流行，但是也可能导致歧视，因为某些血型对应的个性特点被认为适应不同的文化习俗。在韩国，这种血型个性理论有很大的影响力，但近年来这种理论受到了一些非议和批评。
16. 前文“Or perhaps yu have learned smething abut bld types frm scial media. (或许，也许你已经从社交媒体上了解了一些有关血型的知识。)”中的关键词“bld types”与G项“Either way, yu’ll knw there are fur main bld types: A, B, O, and AB. (无论哪种方式，你都会知道有四种主要的血型：A，B，O和AB。)”中“fur main bld types”为关键词重复出现，且上下文一致，故选G项。
17. 下文“If yu’ve had a bld transfusin(输血), yu are prbably aware that yur bld type determines which bld yu can receive. Maybe yu’ll think that yu shuld plan yur meals based n yur bld type. (如果你输过血，你可能知道你的血型决定了你可以接受哪种血液。也许你会认为你应该根据自己的血型来计划你的膳食)”可知血型对人意义非凡，与B项“S, what des bld type mean t yu persnally?(那么，血型对你个人意味着什么？)”上下文一致，承上启下，故选B项。
18. 根据下文“This last cncept is ppular in Asia, particularly in Suth Krea. Smene with type-A bld is thught t be cnsiderate but shy. Peple with type-B bld are knwn fr being creative but dd. Type-O individuals are cnsidered t be sme f the mst sciable peple. Thse with type-AB are sensible artists, but smetimes calculating r unpredictable. (最后一个概念在亚洲很流行，尤其是在韩国。有A型血统的人被认为是体贴但害羞的。B型血的人以富有创造力但古怪而闻名。O型人被认为是一些最善于交际的人。AB型人是明智的艺术家，但有时是计算或不可预测的。)”可知关键词cncept要与本空有所呼应，且要与血型、性格相关，与E项“Or perhaps yu think yur bld type influences yur persnality. (或者你认为你的血型会影响你的个性。)”与上下文一致，故选E项。
19. 前文“Suth Krea is ne place where the bld type persnality thery catches n. A study released in 2017 suggests that nearly 60%Suth Kreans believe that bld types serve as an indicatr f a persn’s persnality. (韩国是血型人格理论流行起来的一个地方。2017年发布的一项研究表明，近60%的韩国人认为血型是一个人性格的指标。)”与F项“Even thse that dn’t agree with the cncept are familiar with the idea. (即使是那些不同意这个概念的人也熟悉这个想法。)”与上下文一致，故选F项。
20. 根据前文“But such thery can als cause discriminatin. In the abve-mentined study, abut half f the respndents said that they like peple with type-O bld the best. (但这种理论也会引起歧视。在上述研究中，大约一半的受访者表示他们最喜欢O型血的人。)”及下文“The general belief was that type-O individuals have a persnality that best fits the culture in Suth Krea, while AB-types dn’t suit such a cultural utlk. (人们普遍认为，O型人具有最适合韩国文化的个性，而AB型人则不适合这种文化观。)”可知大多数人喜欢O型血的人，AB型占比低，与C项“Meanwhile, nly 6%f thse surveyed said they like AB-types. (同时，只有6%的受访者表示他们喜欢AB型。)”上下文一致，故选C项。
21. C 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是拉皮埃尔（LaPierre）在火车上见义勇为的故事。
21. 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：火车上挤满了精力充沛的马拉松运动员。A. cach长途汽车；B. plane飞机；C. train火车；D. ship轮船。根据下文中的“As the armed man hpped nt the next train car, LaPierre fllwed him.”可知，故事发生在一列挤满了要参加马拉松比赛运动员的“火车”上。故选C项。
22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，拉皮埃尔注意到一个男人从一个乘客走到另一个乘客，要零钱。A. seat座位；B. change零钱；C. fd食物；D. time时间。根据下文中的“nly t hear ___5___ peple shuting that the man asking fr mney”可知，这个人向乘客们要“零钱”。故选B项。
23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的行为让拉皮埃尔感到“非常奇怪”，尤其是他盯着那些他觉得给他几个钱的人的方式。A. thanked感谢；B. paid支付；C. knwn知道；D. given给予。根据上文中的“LaPierre nticed a man mving frm passenger t passenger, asking fr spare ___2___ .”可知，这个人逐个乘客要钱，有的乘客可能没有给他，所以这人就盯着没有“给”他钱的人。故选D项。
24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在坎伯兰车站，大多数乘客突然逃离车厢。A. pulled拉；B. fled逃跑；C. barded登机；D. started开始。根据下文中的“nly t hear ___5___ peple shuting that the man asking fr mney was, in fact, armed and ___6___ peple.”可知，车厢的人们看到有人抢劫，所以人们“逃离”这节车厢。故选B项。
25. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拉皮埃尔冲出去看看发生了什么事，却听到惊慌失措的人们大喊，说这个要钱的人实际上是武装的，正在抢劫。A. encuraged受鼓舞的；B. disappinted失望的；C. panicked惊慌失措的；D. cnfused迷惑的。根据语境和下文中的“that the man asking fr mney was, in fact, armed and ___6___ peple.”可知，有人抢劫的时候，人们应该是“惊慌失措的”符合语境。故选C项。
26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：拉皮埃尔冲出去看看发生了什么事，却听到惊慌失措的人们大喊，说这个要钱的人实际上是武装的，正在抢劫。A. begging乞讨；B. entertaining招待；C. rbbing抢劫；D. dismissing解散。根据语境和上文中的“At the Cumberland statin, mst f the passengers suddenly ___4___ the car.”以及“the man asking fr mney was, in fact, armed”可知，导致人们四处逃散，并且还全副武装好的人很可能是在“抢劫”乘客。故选C项。
27. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他说：“我不能明知那里有无辜的孩子和人们，自己只是想参加比赛就走开。”A. walk away走开；B. break in闯入；C. step frward向前；D. cme alng走过来。根据语境和下文中的“knwing there were ___8___ children and peple just trying t get t a race”可知，这是拉皮埃尔向人们讲述事情的经过，他说他不能知道有一些无辜的人在车上，自己不管不顾就“走开”去参赛。故选A项。
28. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我不能明知那里有无辜的孩子和人们，自己只是想参加比赛就走开。”A. careful小心的；B. brave勇敢的；C. inncent无辜的；D. needy贫困的。根据语境可知，在有人抢劫的车上，孩子与其他人都是“无辜的”符合语境。故选C项。
29. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管这名男子块头大得多，也年轻得多，但拉皮埃尔还是撞上了他，并把他按在了紧闭的门上。A. larger大的；B. thinner瘦的；C. wiser明智的；D. quieter安静的。根据上文中的althugh可知，此处应为让步状语从句，结合下文中的“and yunger”可知，此处说明抢劫者应该比拉皮埃尔块头“大”而且年轻，由此更表明拉皮埃尔的勇敢无畏。故选A项。
30. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管这名男子块头大得多，也年轻得多，但拉皮埃尔还是撞上了他，并把他按在了紧闭的门上。A. ff关闭；B. against紧靠在；C. beynd超越；D. under在……之下。根据语境和上文中的“managed t pin him”以及下文中的“the clsed dr.”可知，此处指的是拉皮埃尔成功地把抢劫者“紧靠在”关闭的门上按住。故选B项。
31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对《芝加哥太阳时报》说：“当我离他几英尺远的时候，我知道他的反应不够快，无法向我开枪。”A. sht射击；B. chase追逐；C. spt发现；D. miss思念。根据下文中的“The tw men fught fr the gun — and their ___12___ .”可知，她们两人在争抢手枪，所以此处指的是“射击”符合语境。故选A项。
32. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个人为了那把枪和他们的生命而搏斗。A. prizes奖品；B. funds基金；C. lives生命；D. rights权力。根据上文中的“The tw men fught fr the gun”可知，两个人在为枪而斗在一起，也是为了他们自己的“生命”而斗，因为枪可能造成人命。故选C项。
33. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：那名男子试图推开他，但谢天谢地，拉皮埃尔抓住了枪，递给了一名乘客。A. naturally自然地；B. thankfully感激地；C. generally一般地；D. unfrtunately不幸地。根据语境和下文中的“LaPierre grabbed the gun and handed it t a passenger.”可知，拉皮埃尔最终夺下手枪，交给了另外一名乘客，作者为拉皮埃尔感到庆幸，所以此处应是“感谢地，感激地”符合语境。故选B项。
34. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后警察涌进了火车，拉皮埃尔让他们接管了。A. stand by靠边站；B. back ff退缩；C. play alng假意顺从；D. take ver接管。根据语境和上文中的“Then the plice pured int the train”可知，警察到达现场后，应该是将抢劫者移交给警察，所以此处为“接管”符合语境。故选D项。
35. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这已经不是拉皮埃尔第一次卷入打斗中了。A. race比赛；B. fight打仗，战斗；C. argument辩论；D. situatin局面。根据下文中的“A few years back, he helped prevent a drugstre rbbery.”可知，拉皮埃尔曾帮助阻止过一次抢劫案，所以此处指的是他不止一次的被卷入“打斗”中。故选B项。
36. It 37. f 38. spreading 39. an 40. expressed 41. imaginative 42. effrtlessly 43. had 44. that/which 45. symblize
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了贵州省黔湖是了解苗族文化的理想去处，苗族的歌曲、刺绣和银饰都传达了它丰富而深厚的历史和文化。
36. 考查代词。句意：它以建筑、艺术和日常生活方式的形式保存了苗族独特的文化传统。根据上下文可知，空处指的是上文提到的Qianhu，是一个地点，应用代词it指代，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填It。
37. 考查介词。句意：这是世界上最大的苗族社区，由十几个分布在连绵起伏的山脉上的小定居点组成。根据“cnsists”并结合句意可知，此处用固定短语cnsist f，意为“由……组成”，空处需用介词f。故填f。
38. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是世界上最大的苗族社区，由十几个分布在连绵起伏的山脉上的小定居点组成。分析句子可知，空处是修饰settlements的后置定语，是非谓语动词，spread和settlements逻辑上是主动关系，需用spread的现在分词形式spreading。故填spreading。
39. 考查冠词。句意：唱歌是当地生活必不可少的一部分。分析句子可知，空处是泛指，表示“一个”，且essential以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。
40. 考查非谓语动词。句意：与中国其他地区不同，苗绣所表达的主题是华丽的，富有想象力的，通常基于民间传说。分析句子可知，空处是修饰themes的后置定语，是非谓语动词，express和themes逻辑上是被动关系，需用express的过去分词形式expressed。故填expressed。
41. 考查形容词。句意：与中国其他地区不同，苗绣所表达的主题是华丽的，富有想象力的，通常基于民间传说。分析句子可知，空处作句子的表语，形容苗绣的主题，imagine的形容词形式imaginative“富有想象力的”符合句意。故填imaginative。
42. 考查副词。句意：同时，苗族人可以毫不费力地以一种不笨拙的方式安排颜色。分析句子可知，空处修饰谓语动词arrange，需用effrtless的副词形式effrtlessly，意为“毫不费力地”，作状语。故填effrtlessly。
43. 考查时态。句意：在他们的大部分历史中，苗族人没有书面语言，所以他们必须通过视觉元素来保存和传承他们的遗产，比如在银饰上雕刻历史。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，需用have的过去式had。故填had。
44. 考查定语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，这种工艺已经演变成一种代表苗族文化和精神的工具。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词vehicle，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，需用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
45. 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：苗族的歌曲、刺绣和银饰都传达了苗族丰富而深刻的历史，象征着他们文化和传统的连续性。分析句子可知，空处和前面的谓语cnvey并列，作句子的并列谓语，时态为一般现在时，主语The Mia sngs, embridery, and silver rnaments是复数，谓语复数形式，需用symbl的动词形式symblize，意为“象征”。故填symblize。
46. Dear all,
I’m hnred t annunce that this semester’s “Mst ppular teacher” ges t Mike!
He gives ur grade ral English, encuraging us t speak mre. Besides, he is respnsible fr ur Drama Club, where we rehearse tgether and present marvelus plays under his prfessinal guidance.
Mike is wrthy f this award. His exceptinal teaching ability has greatly bsted ur cnfidence in expressing urselves. What’s mre, his passin fr teaching and friendliness t students make learning with him a really enjyable experience.
Nw let’s welcme ur principal t present this award t Mike!
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。外教Mike被评为本学期“最受欢迎教师”，要求考生写一份颁奖词。
【详解】1.词汇积累
此外：besides → what’s mre
精彩的：marvelus →wnderful
增强：bst → imprve
愉快的：enjyable →pleasant
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Mike is wrthy f this award. His exceptinal teaching ability has greatly bsted ur cnfidence in expressing urselves.
拓展句：Mike is wrthy f this award because his exceptinal teaching ability has greatly bsted ur cnfidence in expressing urselves.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m hnred t annunce that this semester’s “Mst ppular teacher” ges t Mike!（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, he is respnsible fr ur Drama Club, where we rehearse tgether and present marvelus plays under his prfessinal guidance.（运用了where引导的非限定性定语从句）
47. One pssible versin:
I wanted this t be a teachable mment fr Luke t learn abut frgiveness. I wanted t let g f my wn anger, t. I asked Luke if he was ready t frgive her. After all, his pinin cunted the mst. He thught abut it fr a mment, smiled and said, “Yes.” He knew she hadn’t dne it n purpse. Children are s resilient and s hnest. They dn’t hld nt resentment as adults d smetimes. Their hearts are pure, s we wrte Katie a letter tgether, reading, “We knw it was an unfrtunate accident. We frgive yu, and we hpe yu frgive yurself.”
The next mrning, Luke and I waited fr Katie with the letter at the schl gate. Finally came Katie. When she sptted us, she paused and frced a smile. Luke trtted beside her with wild little hps, handing her the letter. N sner had she unflded it than a relieved and happy smile blmed n her face, which made Luke feel much better. She skipped t give me a big hug. I hugged her back. We didn’t have t say anything else; we all knew it was frgiveness that was the mst imprtant step in healing.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，作者的儿子Luke因为被Katie扔了石头受了伤，在医院缝了四针，回到家后作者作为母亲非常心疼，非常担心儿子的伤，对Katie充满了愤怒。几天后Luke的老师打电话来告知Katie非常伤心，作者请老师转告她以后不可以扔石头。Luke的伤口逐渐痊愈，作者的生气逐渐减少，开始考虑如何支持儿子，同时让Katie不受伤。昨晚老师来拜访时带来了Katie做的康复卡片，Luke和作者看后都很感动。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我希望这是一个教导Luke学会宽恕的时刻。”可知，第一段可描写作者和Luke沟通是否原谅Katie，然后两人给Katie写信表示原谅。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天早上，Luke和我拿着信在学校门口等Katie。”可知，第二段可描写Luke和Katie见了面，Luke对Katie表示原谅，Katie因为被原谅而感到轻松，作者对此有所感悟。
2.续写线索：教Luke学会宽恕——与Luke沟通——Luke写信表示原谅——拿信等Katie——Luke原谅Katie——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①原谅：frgive/pardn/excuse
②思考：think abut/cnsider/cntemplate/give thught t
③紧紧抓住：hld nt/keep/retain/grasp
④看到：spt/bserve/ntice/discver
⑤停下：pause/stp/case/halt
情绪类
①愤怒：anger/annyance/vexatin/irritatin
②仇恨：resentment/hate/hatred
③开心的：happy/pleasant/jyful
【点睛】[高分句型1] I asked Luke if he was ready t frgive her.（连接词if引导名词性从句作asked的宾语）
[高分句型2] N sner had she unflded it than a relieved and happy smile blmed n her face, which made Luke feel much better.（n sner… than…引导时间状语从句，并引起主句部分倒装）
[高分句型3] We didn’t have t say anything else; we all knew it was frgiveness that was the mst imprtant step in healing.（it was… that…是强调句型）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分375分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bringing Gds int the UK
Yu are allwed t bring sme gds fr persnal use withut paying tax r duty.
Arrivals frm EU cuntries
Yu can bring gds frm EU cuntries withut being charged tax r duty if they are:
●transprted by yurself; ●a gift r fr persnal use; ●bught with tax and duty included
Yu can bring alchl and tbacc frm EU cuntries withut restrictin but an inquiry might be required depending n the amunt f yur gds.
Arrivals frm utside the EU
Yu will be free f duty r tax n certain amunts f gds brught frm utside the EU, as lng as they are fr yur wn use. Any gds that are beynd yur allwance shuld be declared.
Alchl & tbacc allwance
※There are n duty-free allwances fr tbacc r alchl if yu're under 17.
Allwance fr ther gds:
The maximum value f ther gds yu can bring is £390. Any single item that is wrth mre than the allwance will be charged duty r tax n its full value.
The rate f duty r tax n items abve the allwance is:
●2.5% fr gds wrth up t £630;
●decided by the type f gds wrth abve £630-check by calling the VAT, Custms and Excise Helpline.
Inside the UK; 0300 200 3700
Outside the UK: +44 2920 501 261
Wrking time: 8 am t 6 pm, Mnday t Friday,
Banned and restricted gds
Gds banned include:
●illegal drugs; ●ffensive weapns; ●endangered animal and plant species;
●meat and dairy prducts frm mst nn-EU cuntries.
Fd and plant prducts restricted include;
●prducts cntaining pests and diseases;
●prducts grwn utside the EU;
●prducts nt fr yur wn use.
We reserve the right t seize the gds which are n suspicin f vilating intellectual prperty rights.
1. Which f the fllwing prducts frm utside the EU has the largest duty-free allwance?
A. Beer.B. Wine (nt sparkling wine).C. Spirits.D. Alchlic drinks.
2. Hw much tax shall ne cming frm China pay fr a ring bught in America wrth £500?
A. £2. 75B. £12.5C. £110.D. £130.
3. Which f the fllwing items shall be banned r restricted?
A. A set f Russian dlls.B. A bttle f French wine.
C. A brick f Australian cheese.D. A package f Spanish cigarettes.
B
Eugene Newman Parker, a leading figure in helispheric(日球层的) physics fr the past half century, passed away peacefully at his hme in Chicag n Mar. 15. He was 94.
Hailed(誉为) as a visinary in the field f heliphysics, Parker revlutinized ur understanding f the sun and its effects n Earth and ther bdies within the slar system. NASA even stated that “the field f heliphysics exists in large part because f Dr. Eugene Parker. In 2018, Parker became the first living scientist t witness the launch f a spacecraft that was named in his hnr.
Parker is best knwn fr his grundbreaking thery n the existence f a phenmenn called “slar wind”, a cntinuus stream f charged particles that flw ff the sun. It can becme vilent, causing space weather that impacts the Earth. When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his thery was initially met with skepticism(怀疑) and ridicule by the scientific cmmunity. The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an abslute vacuum(真空), and was thus cmpletely empty f any matter. But, there were n errrs in his study r his calculatins, and the thery was later prven t be crrect in 1962, when a NASA spacecraft missin t Venus revealed the cnstant presence f a supersnic wind—exactly as Parker had predicted.
That experience likely led t the advice Parker ften gave yung researchers: “If yu d smething new r innvative, expect truble. But think critically abut it because if yu’re wrng, yu want t be the first ne t knw that.” Parker never c-authred a paper with his students, thus urging them t be independent.
Parker was humble, straightfrward, and wise. His sn Eric said, “My sister Jyce and I didn’t get a real feel fr what a ‘big dg’ ur dad was in the field.” They gt an even better sense when a mnth after Parker’s death, they traveled t Lund, Sweden, t accept n his behalf the Crafrd Prize in Astrnmy.
4. What can we learn frm the secnd paragraph?
A. A spacecraft was named in memry f Parker.
B. The sun has less effects n Earth than expected.
C. Parker deserved credit fr his great cntributins.
D. NASA prvided new insights int the lunar effect.
5. Why did peple view Parker’s thery f “slar wind” skeptically at first?
A. It went against the ppular pinin at that time.
B. Sme mistakes were fund in his calculatins.
C. The presence f a supersnic wind was prven by NASA.
D. Matter was believed t exist in the space between planets.
6. What did Parker suggest yung researchers d?
A. seek clse cperatinB. avid high expectatins
C. learn by trial and errrD. cmpete against thers
7. What wrds can be used t describe Parker accrding t the passage?
A. straightfrward and generusB. respnsible and accessible
C. intelligent yet cnservativeD. distinguished yet mdest
C
Frm rlling hills t muntain ranges, views make any rad trip memrable, but fr blin d passengers this is part f the experience they miss. Mtr cmpany Frd tries t change that. It teamed up with GTB Rm a and AedPrject—t develp a technlgy that will give thse unfrtunate passengers a way t feel nature’s beauty thrugh their car windws.
The prttype (原型) f the smart car windw has a device with an utside-facing camera. With just a press f a buttn, the system takes a picture f the current view. The clrful picture is then turned int an image with different shades f grey thrugh, LED lights, which vibrates (震动) differently. As the finger passes ver different regins f the image, its shaking mvements prvide feedback thrugh the sense f tuch t the persn using it. The smart windw als cmes with a vice assistant that uses AI t identify the scene and help the passengers get infrmatin n what they’re seeing.
“As the prttype started taking shape, we realized we were giving birth t a cmpletely new language that wuld give blind peple a new chance t visualize and experience traveling,” Federic Russ.-ne directr f GTBRma, said. “When the idea was at its first stage, we lked fr suppliers all arund the wrld t make it cme t life.” He believes the technlgy can be emplyed nt just in cars. “It culd be intrduced int schls and in stitutins fr blind peple as a tl that culd be used in multiple ways.”
The technlgy may shw up in a Frd autnmus vehicle. It’s knwn that the cmpany is testing their technlgy and future business mdel and struggling t figure ut hw an autnmus vehicle gives different passengers the details needed t get frm ne destinatin t anther. It’s unclear when this technlgy will be made available. Hwever, the idea f building smething fr the less advanced is indeed a kind and influential actin.
8. Hw des the smart car windw wrk?
A. By srting shaking mvements.B. By recrding the view with a camera.
C. By translating scenery int vibratins.D. By presenting different shades f clrs.
9. What can we knw abut the technlgy accrding t Federic Russø?
A. It will have wide applicatin.B. It will be used in schls first.
C. It will be tested arund the wrld.D. It will understand different languages.
10. What difficulty is Frd facing currently?
A. Hw t explre their future business mdel.
B. Hw the technlgy is applied t everyday life.
C. Hw t prduce autnmus cars in large numbers.
D. Hw an autnmus vehicle prvides rute infrmatin.
11. Which can be the best title fr the text?
A. AI-based Windw Adds Fun t Rad Trips
B. Frd Develps a System fr the Blind t Drive
C. Smart Windw Lets Blin d Passengers Feel Views
D. Technlgy Makes Blind Peple’s Trip Enjyable
D
Imagine a future where science has created yur twin. Nt a flesh-and-bld twin, but ne that recreates yur flesh and bld, yur bnes, yur heart, yur brain — yur whle bdy, in fact — as an extremely cmplicated cmputer mdel.
Yur dctrs can use this digital twin t wrk ut hw yu will respnd t a particular drug r medical prcedure. They can even lk further int the future, creating a “healthcast”, t frecast what diseases might happen t yu r hw yur lifestyle will affect yur health as yu age. It is the ultimate in persnalized medicine. This is the bld visin set ut in Virtual Yu: Hw building yur digital twin will revlutinize medicine and change yur life by Peter Cveney, directr f the Centre fr Cmputatinal Science, and Rger Highfield, science directr f the Science Museum Grup, UK.
Digital twins are already in widespread use in industries such as civil engineering. But these mdel systems are much simpler than the cmplex human bdy. Imagine all the parts that cme tgether t make yu wrk: frm the 3 billin letters f yur genme (基因组), the numerus mlecules (分子) that make up yur cells, the trillins f cells building yur tissues and rgans, and the envirnment having its input t. Nw, imagine trying t create a mdel f this that is made t each unique individual and that predicts the changes that will take place ver a lifetime. This is easier said than dne. Changes in the systems bilgists want t describe are usually different frm what mathematicians describe as “nn-linear” (非线性的). Anther cmplicatin is “emergence”: where the whle f a system is greater than the sum f its parts. This cmplexity challenges mathematics and pushes cmputing t the limit t.
But getting t the next level — a whle human individual — is ging t require yet mre data and a revlutin in cmputing technlgy far beynd what is currently pssible. Whether we will get there is an pen questin, but Virtual Yu shws us what scientists frm different fields can achieve when they all wrk tgether.
12. What be learned abut yur science-made twin accrding t Paragraph 1?
A. Yur twin lks just like yu.
B. Yur twin knws yur thughts.
C. Yur twin exists n the cmputer.
D. Yur twin is created ut f yur DNA.
13. Why is it difficult t build a digital twin?
A. Human bdy is mre cmplicated than mdels.
B. Digital twins are nt widely used in industries.
C. Scientists lack enugh data in building it.
D. Mathematicians and bilgists hld different pinins.
14. What’s the authr’s attitude twards the idea f a digital twin?
A. Optimistic.
B. Uncertain.
C. Uncncerned.
D. Skeptical.
15. What is the purpse f this text?
A. T stress the necessity f digital twins.
B. T shw the effects f digital twins n future health.
C. T explain the building f digital twins in health.
D. T intrduce new treatments fr diseases in the future.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
If yu’ve studied bilgy, yu’ve prbably learned abut bld types. Or perhaps yu have learned smething abut bld types frm scial media. 16 These letters crrespnd t tw antigens(抗原),A and B. Peple with AB bld have bth antigens, thse with A r B have nly ne, and peple with O have n antigens at all.
17 If yu’ve had a bld transfusin(输血), yu are prbably aware that yur bld type determines which bld yu can receive. Maybe yu’ll think that yu shuld plan yur meals based n yur bld type. 18 This last cncept is ppular in Asia, particularly in Suth Krea. Smene with type-A bld is thught t be cnsiderate but shy. Peple with type-B bld are knwn fr being creative but dd. Type-O individuals are cnsidered t be sme f the mst sciable peple. Thse with type-AB are sensible artists, but smetimes calculating r unpredictable.
Suth Krea is ne place where the bld type persnality thery catches n. A study released in 2017 suggests that nearly 60%Suth Kreans believe that bld types serve as an indicatr f a persn’s persnality. 19
But such thery can als cause discriminatin. In the abve-mentined study, abut half f the respndents said that they like peple with type-O bld the best. 20 The general belief was that type-O individuals have a persnality that best fits the culture in Suth Krea, while AB-types dn’t suit such a cultural utlk. As a result, in recent years, many media have stpped prmting the thery.
A. Many factrs cntribute t yur bld type.
B. S, what des bld type mean t yu persnally?
C. Meanwhile, nly 6%f thse surveyed said they like AB-types.
D. They have a large scial circle but are very easy t get annyed.
E. Or perhaps yu think yur bld type influences yur persnality.
F. Even thse that dn’t agree with the cncept are familiar with the idea.
G. Either way, yu’ll knw there are fur main bld types: A, B, O, and AB.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Early n the mrning f Octber 13, LaPierre was heading t the Chicag Marathn n the city’s Blue Line L. The 21 was full f energized marathners. Befre lng, LaPierre nticed a man mving frm passenger t passenger, asking fr spare 22 . His behavir struck LaPierre as “really weird,” especially the way he stared dwn anyne he felt hadn’t 23 him enugh.
At the Cumberland statin, mst f the passengers suddenly 24 the car. LaPierre rushed ut t see what was ging n, nly t hear 25 peple shuting that the man asking fr mney was, in fact, armed and 26 peple.
As the armed man hpped nt the next train car, LaPierre fllwed him. “I culd nt 27 knwing there were 28 children and peple just trying t get t a race,” he says.
The man turned and saw LaPierre, his head dwn, bull-rushing him. Althugh the man was far 29 and yunger, LaPierre crashed int him and managed t pin him 30 the clsed dr. “Once I gt a few feet frm him, I knew he wuldn’t be able t react fast enugh t 31 me,” he tld the Chicag Sun-Times. The tw men fught fr the gun — and their 32 . The man tried pushing past him, but 33 , LaPierre grabbed the gun and handed it t a passenger. Then the plice pured int the train, and LaPierre let them 34 . He had a marathn t run.
This was nt the first time LaPierre had jumped int a(n) 35 . A few years back, he helped prevent a drugstre rbbery. “I just happen t be at the right place at the right mment,” he says.
21. A. cachB. planeC. trainD. ship
22. A. seatB. changeC. fdD. time
23. A. thankedB. paidC. knwnD. given
24. A. pulledB. fledC. bardedD. started
25. A. encuragedB. disappintedC. panickedD. cnfused
26. A. beggingB. entertainingC. rbbingD. dismissing
27. A. walk awayB. break inC. step frwardD. cme alng
28. A. carefulB. braveC. inncentD. needy
29. A. largerB. thinnerC. wiserD. quieter
30. A. ffB. againstC. beyndD. under
31. A. shtB. chaseC. sptD. miss
32. A. prizesB. fundsC. livesD. rights
33. A. naturallyB. thankfullyC. generallyD. unfrtunately
34. A. stand byB. back ffC. play alngD. take ver
35. A. raceB. fightC. argumentD. situatin
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Fr peple interested in learning mre abut the ethnic (少数民族) Mia culture, an ideal place t experience it is an ethnic Mia cmmunity, called Qianhu, in Guizhu Prvince. 36 has preserved the distinctive cultural traditins f the Mia ethnic grup exhibited in the frms f architecture, arts, and daily lifestyle.
This wrld’s largest Mia cmmunity cnsists 37 a dzen smaller settlements 38 (spread) ver rlling muntains. Singing is 39 essential part f lcal life. The Mia peple begin t learn hw t sing as early as they can speak.
The Mia peple are als knwn fr making fine embridery (刺绣). Different frm ther parts f China, the themes 40 (express) in Mia embridery are shwy, 41 (imagine), and ften based n flklres (民俗). Meanwhile, Mia peple can 42 (effrtless) arrange clrs in a way that avids awkwardness. This is a truly natural gift.
Anther fine element f the Mia culture is wearing silver rnaments (装饰). Fr mst f their histry, the Mia peple 43 (have) n written language, s they had t preserve and pass n their heritage thrugh visual elements, like carving histry n silver rnaments. Over time, this craft has evlved int a vehicle 44 represents the Mia culture and spirit.
The Mia sngs, embridery, and silver rnaments all cnvey the rich, prfund histry f the Mia peple and 45 (symbl) the cntinuity f their culture and traditins.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是校学生会主席李华，外教Mike被评为本学期“最受欢迎教师”。请写一份颁奖词，内容包括：
1.回顾Mike的工作；2.简述他获奖的理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；2.结束语已为你写好，不计字数；3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear all,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nw let’s welcme ur principal t present this award t Mike!
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I lked arund the crwded waiting rm at the hspital and sighed. Wuld the dctr be able t see my eight-year-ld sn next? I culdn’t stp shaking as the wund in his frehead was deep.
We were at the hspital because anther child had thrwn a rck at Luke during the break as he was running arund the crner.
Luke received fur stitches (缝针). I fught back the urge t cry. Fr the next tw days, his eye was swllen shut and black and blue. I felt like I’d had a mini nervus breakdwn. Every time I tried t sleep r tend t d sme husewrk, hrrible thughts crept int my mind. What if he’d lst his eye? What if he’d had brain damage? His dctr assured me he was ging t be fine, but the what-ifs kept cming. Fear had taken ver, and then the fear turned t anger. I was angry with the child wh’d thrwn the rck. I just culdn’t shake it. What was she thinking? She shuld have knwn better.
Several days later, Luke’s teacher called me that evening t see hw he was feeling, telling me Katie felt terrible and heartbrken ver what had happened. I asked the teacher t make Katie understand she culdn’t d that and remind her f the dangers f thrwing rcks. The teacher agreed, which made me feel better.
I nticed that as Luke started t heal physically, I wasn’t as angry. I thught abut Katie and Luke. I wanted t stand up fr my sn, prtect him, but I didn’t want t mistreat Katie because I learned frm the teacher Katie really was a nice kid and that she was just trying t remve the rck s n ther children wuld trip n it.
Last night, Luke’s teacher stpped by and drpped ff a get-well card that Katie had made. Luck and I read it several times, and I culdn’t help but feel a little chked up. It was a sincere aplgy.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I wanted this t be a teachable mment fr Luke t learn abut frgiveness.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next mrning, Luke and I waited fr Katie with the letter at the schl gate.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Type f gds
Cigarettes
Cigars
Tbacc
Beer
Wine
(nt sparking wine)
Spirits
Alchlic drinks
Amunt
200
50
250 grams
16 litres
4 litres
1 litres
2 litres
参考答案：
1. A 2. B 3. C
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇关于能够带入英国物品的说明，包括可以带入的物品、要被征税的物品和烟酒类产品的起征额度等信息。
1. 细节理解题。根据Alchl & tbacc allwance 表格中“Beer：16 litres(啤酒：16升)”是所有商品中数额最大的，故“啤酒”这种来自欧盟以外的产品有最大的免税额度。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据 “The rate f duty r tax n items abve the allwance is: ●2.5% fr gds wrth up t £630(超过免税额的物品的税率为：●630英镑以下的商品价格为2.5%)”可知，一个来自中国的人在美国买一枚价值500英镑的戒指要交税500*2.5%=12.5英镑。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据“Gds banned include: ●meat and dairy prducts frm mst nn-EU cuntries.(禁止的商品包括：来自大多数非欧盟国家的肉类和奶制品)”可知，澳大利亚奶酪砖会被禁止带入。故选C。
4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了日球物理学的领军人物，尤金·纽曼·帕克的贡献以及他对年轻人的影响。
4. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Parker revlutinized ur understanding f the sun and its effects n Earth and ther bdies within the slar system. (帕克彻底改变了我们对太阳及其对地球和太阳系内其他天体的影响的认识。)”以及“NASA even stated that “the field f heliphysics exists in large part because f Dr. Eugene Parker. (美国宇航局甚至表示，“太阳物理学领域的存在在很大程度上要归功于尤金·帕克博士。”)”可知，帕克对整个日球物理学领域做出了极大的贡献，他是值得赞扬的。故选C。
5. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“ When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his thery was initially met with skepticism(怀疑) and ridicule by the scientific cmmunity.(当帕克的研究成果于1958年发表时，他的理论最初遭到了科学界的质疑和嘲笑。)”以及“The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an abslute vacuum(真空), and was thus cmpletely empty f any matter. (当时的普遍观点是，行星之间的空间是绝对真空的，因此完全没有任何物质。)”可知，人们起初对帕克的“太阳风”理论持怀疑态度，因为它违背了当时的流行观点。故选A。
6. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“That experience likely led t the advice Parker ften gave yung researchers: “If yu d smething new r innvative, expect truble. But think critically abut it because if yu’re wrng, yu want t be the first ne t knw that.” (这段经历可能导致了帕克经常给年轻研究人员的建议：“如果你做了一些新的或创新的事情，预计会有麻烦。但要批判性地思考，因为如果你错了，你想成为第一个知道这一点的人。”)”可知，帕克给年轻人的建议是从错误和尝试中学习。故选C。
7. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hailed(誉为) as a visinary in the field f heliphysics, Parker revlutinized ur understanding f the sun and its effects n Earth and ther bdies within the slar system. (被誉为作为太阳物理学领域的梦想家，帕克彻底改变了我们对太阳及其对地球和太阳系内其他天体影响的理解。)”以及根据最后一段中“Parker was humble, straightfrward, and wise.( 帕克谦逊、直率、睿智。)”可知，帕克是杰出但谦逊的。故选D。
8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。福特公司联合GTB Rma和Aed Prject研发了一款智能车窗，帮助盲人感受旅途中的风景，带给盲人全新的旅行体验。
8. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The prttype (原型) f the smart car windw has a device with an utside-facing camera. With just a press f a buttn, the system takes a picture f the current view. The clrful picture is then turned int an image with different shades f grey thrugh, LED lights, which vibrates (震动) differently. As the finger passes ver different regins f the image, its shaking mvements prvide feedback thrugh the sense f tuch t the persn using it.(智能车窗的原型有一个面向外部的摄像头。只需按下一个按钮，系统就会拍下当前视图的照片。然后通过不同震动的LED灯将彩色图像转换成不同灰度的图像。当手指经过图像的不同区域时，它的抖动动作通过触觉向使用它的人提供反馈)”可知，智能车窗通过将风景转化为振动，它的抖动动作通过触觉向使用它的人提供反馈。故选C项。
9. 推理判断题。根据第三段的“He believes the technlgy can be emplyed nt just in cars. “It culd be intrduced int schls and in stitutins fr blind peple as a tl that culd be used in multiple ways.”(他认为，这项技术不仅可以应用于汽车。“它可以作为一种工具引入学校和盲人机构，可以以多种方式使用。”)”可知，Federic Russ认为，这项技术不仅可以应用于汽车，还可以作为一种多用途的工具引入盲人学校和为盲人服务的机构。由此可推知，Federic Russ认为这项技术有广泛的应用价值。故选A。
10. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’s knwn that the cmpany is testing their technlgy and future business mdel and struggling t figure ut hw an autnmus vehicle gives different passengers the details needed t get frm ne destinatin t anther. It’s unclear when this technlgy will be made available.(众所周知，该公司正在测试他们的技术和未来的商业模式，并努力弄清楚自动驾驶汽车如何为不同的乘客提供从一个目的地到另一个目的地所需的细节。目前还不清楚这项技术何时能投入使用)”可知，福特目前面临的困难是如何为不同的乘客提供从一个目的地到另一个目的地所需的细节，也就是自动驾驶汽车如何提供路线信息。故选D项。
11. 主旨大意题。阅读全文尤其是第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了福特公司联合GTB Rma和Aed Prject研发了一款智能车窗，这种智能车窗使盲人有可能感受到旅途中的风景，故D项“Smart Windw Lets Blin d Passengers Feel Views(智能窗户让乘客感受美景)”作标题最为恰当。故选D项。
12. C 13. A 14. A 15. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了健康领域的数字双胞胎模型，包括其概念、发挥的作用、建模的难点和未来的发展趋势。
12. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Nt a flesh-and-bld twin, but ne that recreates yur flesh and bld, yur bnes, yur heart, yur brain — yur whle bdy, in fact — as an extremely cmplicated cmputer mdel.（不是血肉之躯的双胞胎，而是将你的血肉之躯、骨骼、心脏、大脑——实际上是你的整个身体——复制成一个极其复杂的计算机模型。）”可知，你的科学双胞胎存在于电脑中。故选C项。
13. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Changes in the systems bilgists want t describe are usually different frm what mathematicians describe as “nn-linear” (非线性的). Anther cmplicatin is “emergence”: where the whle f a system is greater than the sum f its parts. This cmplexity challenges mathematics and pushes cmputing t the limit t.（生物学家想要描述的系统变化通常不同于数学家所描述的“非线性”。另一个复杂的问题是“涌现”：一个系统的整体大于其各部分的总和。这种复杂性对数学提出了挑战，也将计算推向了极限。）”可知，建立数字双胞胎的困难在于人体远比模型复杂，其中的系统变化和涌现问题非常难以解决。故选A项。
14. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But getting t the next level — a whle human individual — is ging t require yet mre data and a revlutin in cmputing technlgy far beynd what is currently pssible. Whether we will get there is an pen questin, but Virtual Yu shws us what scientists frm different fields can achieve when they all wrk tgether.（但要达到下一个阶段——一个完整的人类个体——将需要更多的数据和一场远远超出目前可能的计算技术革命。我们是否能实现这一目标是一个悬而未决的问题，但《虚拟的你》向我们展示了来自不同领域的科学家在共同努力时所能取得的成就。）”可知，作者认为虽然能否创造一个完整的人类个体仍然未知，但是《虚拟的你》这本书已经展示了科学家们在共同努力方面的成就。由此推知，作者对数字双胞胎的想法是积极乐观的。故选A项。
15. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章为读者介绍了健康领域的数字双胞胎模型，包括其概念、发挥的作用、建模的难点和未来的发展趋势。因此，文章的目的在于解释健康领域数字双胞胎的构建。故选C项。
16. G 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了血型的基本信息，包括ABO血型系统的基本知识，以及一些可能与血型相关的个性理论。虽然这些个性理论在一些地方很流行，但是也可能导致歧视，因为某些血型对应的个性特点被认为适应不同的文化习俗。在韩国，这种血型个性理论有很大的影响力，但近年来这种理论受到了一些非议和批评。
16. 前文“Or perhaps yu have learned smething abut bld types frm scial media. (或许，也许你已经从社交媒体上了解了一些有关血型的知识。)”中的关键词“bld types”与G项“Either way, yu’ll knw there are fur main bld types: A, B, O, and AB. (无论哪种方式，你都会知道有四种主要的血型：A，B，O和AB。)”中“fur main bld types”为关键词重复出现，且上下文一致，故选G项。
17. 下文“If yu’ve had a bld transfusin(输血), yu are prbably aware that yur bld type determines which bld yu can receive. Maybe yu’ll think that yu shuld plan yur meals based n yur bld type. (如果你输过血，你可能知道你的血型决定了你可以接受哪种血液。也许你会认为你应该根据自己的血型来计划你的膳食)”可知血型对人意义非凡，与B项“S, what des bld type mean t yu persnally?(那么，血型对你个人意味着什么？)”上下文一致，承上启下，故选B项。
18. 根据下文“This last cncept is ppular in Asia, particularly in Suth Krea. Smene with type-A bld is thught t be cnsiderate but shy. Peple with type-B bld are knwn fr being creative but dd. Type-O individuals are cnsidered t be sme f the mst sciable peple. Thse with type-AB are sensible artists, but smetimes calculating r unpredictable. (最后一个概念在亚洲很流行，尤其是在韩国。有A型血统的人被认为是体贴但害羞的。B型血的人以富有创造力但古怪而闻名。O型人被认为是一些最善于交际的人。AB型人是明智的艺术家，但有时是计算或不可预测的。)”可知关键词cncept要与本空有所呼应，且要与血型、性格相关，与E项“Or perhaps yu think yur bld type influences yur persnality. (或者你认为你的血型会影响你的个性。)”与上下文一致，故选E项。
19. 前文“Suth Krea is ne place where the bld type persnality thery catches n. A study released in 2017 suggests that nearly 60%Suth Kreans believe that bld types serve as an indicatr f a persn’s persnality. (韩国是血型人格理论流行起来的一个地方。2017年发布的一项研究表明，近60%的韩国人认为血型是一个人性格的指标。)”与F项“Even thse that dn’t agree with the cncept are familiar with the idea. (即使是那些不同意这个概念的人也熟悉这个想法。)”与上下文一致，故选F项。
20. 根据前文“But such thery can als cause discriminatin. In the abve-mentined study, abut half f the respndents said that they like peple with type-O bld the best. (但这种理论也会引起歧视。在上述研究中，大约一半的受访者表示他们最喜欢O型血的人。)”及下文“The general belief was that type-O individuals have a persnality that best fits the culture in Suth Krea, while AB-types dn’t suit such a cultural utlk. (人们普遍认为，O型人具有最适合韩国文化的个性，而AB型人则不适合这种文化观。)”可知大多数人喜欢O型血的人，AB型占比低，与C项“Meanwhile, nly 6%f thse surveyed said they like AB-types. (同时，只有6%的受访者表示他们喜欢AB型。)”上下文一致，故选C项。
21. C 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是拉皮埃尔（LaPierre）在火车上见义勇为的故事。
21. 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：火车上挤满了精力充沛的马拉松运动员。A. cach长途汽车；B. plane飞机；C. train火车；D. ship轮船。根据下文中的“As the armed man hpped nt the next train car, LaPierre fllwed him.”可知，故事发生在一列挤满了要参加马拉松比赛运动员的“火车”上。故选C项。
22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，拉皮埃尔注意到一个男人从一个乘客走到另一个乘客，要零钱。A. seat座位；B. change零钱；C. fd食物；D. time时间。根据下文中的“nly t hear ___5___ peple shuting that the man asking fr mney”可知，这个人向乘客们要“零钱”。故选B项。
23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的行为让拉皮埃尔感到“非常奇怪”，尤其是他盯着那些他觉得给他几个钱的人的方式。A. thanked感谢；B. paid支付；C. knwn知道；D. given给予。根据上文中的“LaPierre nticed a man mving frm passenger t passenger, asking fr spare ___2___ .”可知，这个人逐个乘客要钱，有的乘客可能没有给他，所以这人就盯着没有“给”他钱的人。故选D项。
24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在坎伯兰车站，大多数乘客突然逃离车厢。A. pulled拉；B. fled逃跑；C. barded登机；D. started开始。根据下文中的“nly t hear ___5___ peple shuting that the man asking fr mney was, in fact, armed and ___6___ peple.”可知，车厢的人们看到有人抢劫，所以人们“逃离”这节车厢。故选B项。
25. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拉皮埃尔冲出去看看发生了什么事，却听到惊慌失措的人们大喊，说这个要钱的人实际上是武装的，正在抢劫。A. encuraged受鼓舞的；B. disappinted失望的；C. panicked惊慌失措的；D. cnfused迷惑的。根据语境和下文中的“that the man asking fr mney was, in fact, armed and ___6___ peple.”可知，有人抢劫的时候，人们应该是“惊慌失措的”符合语境。故选C项。
26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：拉皮埃尔冲出去看看发生了什么事，却听到惊慌失措的人们大喊，说这个要钱的人实际上是武装的，正在抢劫。A. begging乞讨；B. entertaining招待；C. rbbing抢劫；D. dismissing解散。根据语境和上文中的“At the Cumberland statin, mst f the passengers suddenly ___4___ the car.”以及“the man asking fr mney was, in fact, armed”可知，导致人们四处逃散，并且还全副武装好的人很可能是在“抢劫”乘客。故选C项。
27. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他说：“我不能明知那里有无辜的孩子和人们，自己只是想参加比赛就走开。”A. walk away走开；B. break in闯入；C. step frward向前；D. cme alng走过来。根据语境和下文中的“knwing there were ___8___ children and peple just trying t get t a race”可知，这是拉皮埃尔向人们讲述事情的经过，他说他不能知道有一些无辜的人在车上，自己不管不顾就“走开”去参赛。故选A项。
28. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我不能明知那里有无辜的孩子和人们，自己只是想参加比赛就走开。”A. careful小心的；B. brave勇敢的；C. inncent无辜的；D. needy贫困的。根据语境可知，在有人抢劫的车上，孩子与其他人都是“无辜的”符合语境。故选C项。
29. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管这名男子块头大得多，也年轻得多，但拉皮埃尔还是撞上了他，并把他按在了紧闭的门上。A. larger大的；B. thinner瘦的；C. wiser明智的；D. quieter安静的。根据上文中的althugh可知，此处应为让步状语从句，结合下文中的“and yunger”可知，此处说明抢劫者应该比拉皮埃尔块头“大”而且年轻，由此更表明拉皮埃尔的勇敢无畏。故选A项。
30. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管这名男子块头大得多，也年轻得多，但拉皮埃尔还是撞上了他，并把他按在了紧闭的门上。A. ff关闭；B. against紧靠在；C. beynd超越；D. under在……之下。根据语境和上文中的“managed t pin him”以及下文中的“the clsed dr.”可知，此处指的是拉皮埃尔成功地把抢劫者“紧靠在”关闭的门上按住。故选B项。
31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对《芝加哥太阳时报》说：“当我离他几英尺远的时候，我知道他的反应不够快，无法向我开枪。”A. sht射击；B. chase追逐；C. spt发现；D. miss思念。根据下文中的“The tw men fught fr the gun — and their ___12___ .”可知，她们两人在争抢手枪，所以此处指的是“射击”符合语境。故选A项。
32. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个人为了那把枪和他们的生命而搏斗。A. prizes奖品；B. funds基金；C. lives生命；D. rights权力。根据上文中的“The tw men fught fr the gun”可知，两个人在为枪而斗在一起，也是为了他们自己的“生命”而斗，因为枪可能造成人命。故选C项。
33. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：那名男子试图推开他，但谢天谢地，拉皮埃尔抓住了枪，递给了一名乘客。A. naturally自然地；B. thankfully感激地；C. generally一般地；D. unfrtunately不幸地。根据语境和下文中的“LaPierre grabbed the gun and handed it t a passenger.”可知，拉皮埃尔最终夺下手枪，交给了另外一名乘客，作者为拉皮埃尔感到庆幸，所以此处应是“感谢地，感激地”符合语境。故选B项。
34. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后警察涌进了火车，拉皮埃尔让他们接管了。A. stand by靠边站；B. back ff退缩；C. play alng假意顺从；D. take ver接管。根据语境和上文中的“Then the plice pured int the train”可知，警察到达现场后，应该是将抢劫者移交给警察，所以此处为“接管”符合语境。故选D项。
35. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这已经不是拉皮埃尔第一次卷入打斗中了。A. race比赛；B. fight打仗，战斗；C. argument辩论；D. situatin局面。根据下文中的“A few years back, he helped prevent a drugstre rbbery.”可知，拉皮埃尔曾帮助阻止过一次抢劫案，所以此处指的是他不止一次的被卷入“打斗”中。故选B项。
36. It 37. f 38. spreading 39. an 40. expressed 41. imaginative 42. effrtlessly 43. had 44. that/which 45. symblize
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了贵州省黔湖是了解苗族文化的理想去处，苗族的歌曲、刺绣和银饰都传达了它丰富而深厚的历史和文化。
36. 考查代词。句意：它以建筑、艺术和日常生活方式的形式保存了苗族独特的文化传统。根据上下文可知，空处指的是上文提到的Qianhu，是一个地点，应用代词it指代，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填It。
37. 考查介词。句意：这是世界上最大的苗族社区，由十几个分布在连绵起伏的山脉上的小定居点组成。根据“cnsists”并结合句意可知，此处用固定短语cnsist f，意为“由……组成”，空处需用介词f。故填f。
38. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是世界上最大的苗族社区，由十几个分布在连绵起伏的山脉上的小定居点组成。分析句子可知，空处是修饰settlements的后置定语，是非谓语动词，spread和settlements逻辑上是主动关系，需用spread的现在分词形式spreading。故填spreading。
39. 考查冠词。句意：唱歌是当地生活必不可少的一部分。分析句子可知，空处是泛指，表示“一个”，且essential以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。
40. 考查非谓语动词。句意：与中国其他地区不同，苗绣所表达的主题是华丽的，富有想象力的，通常基于民间传说。分析句子可知，空处是修饰themes的后置定语，是非谓语动词，express和themes逻辑上是被动关系，需用express的过去分词形式expressed。故填expressed。
41. 考查形容词。句意：与中国其他地区不同，苗绣所表达的主题是华丽的，富有想象力的，通常基于民间传说。分析句子可知，空处作句子的表语，形容苗绣的主题，imagine的形容词形式imaginative“富有想象力的”符合句意。故填imaginative。
42. 考查副词。句意：同时，苗族人可以毫不费力地以一种不笨拙的方式安排颜色。分析句子可知，空处修饰谓语动词arrange，需用effrtless的副词形式effrtlessly，意为“毫不费力地”，作状语。故填effrtlessly。
43. 考查时态。句意：在他们的大部分历史中，苗族人没有书面语言，所以他们必须通过视觉元素来保存和传承他们的遗产，比如在银饰上雕刻历史。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，需用have的过去式had。故填had。
44. 考查定语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，这种工艺已经演变成一种代表苗族文化和精神的工具。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词vehicle，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，需用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
45. 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：苗族的歌曲、刺绣和银饰都传达了苗族丰富而深刻的历史，象征着他们文化和传统的连续性。分析句子可知，空处和前面的谓语cnvey并列，作句子的并列谓语，时态为一般现在时，主语The Mia sngs, embridery, and silver rnaments是复数，谓语复数形式，需用symbl的动词形式symblize，意为“象征”。故填symblize。
46. Dear all,
I’m hnred t annunce that this semester’s “Mst ppular teacher” ges t Mike!
He gives ur grade ral English, encuraging us t speak mre. Besides, he is respnsible fr ur Drama Club, where we rehearse tgether and present marvelus plays under his prfessinal guidance.
Mike is wrthy f this award. His exceptinal teaching ability has greatly bsted ur cnfidence in expressing urselves. What’s mre, his passin fr teaching and friendliness t students make learning with him a really enjyable experience.
Nw let’s welcme ur principal t present this award t Mike!
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。外教Mike被评为本学期“最受欢迎教师”，要求考生写一份颁奖词。
【详解】1.词汇积累
此外：besides → what’s mre
精彩的：marvelus →wnderful
增强：bst → imprve
愉快的：enjyable →pleasant
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Mike is wrthy f this award. His exceptinal teaching ability has greatly bsted ur cnfidence in expressing urselves.
拓展句：Mike is wrthy f this award because his exceptinal teaching ability has greatly bsted ur cnfidence in expressing urselves.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m hnred t annunce that this semester’s “Mst ppular teacher” ges t Mike!（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, he is respnsible fr ur Drama Club, where we rehearse tgether and present marvelus plays under his prfessinal guidance.（运用了where引导的非限定性定语从句）
47. One pssible versin:
I wanted this t be a teachable mment fr Luke t learn abut frgiveness. I wanted t let g f my wn anger, t. I asked Luke if he was ready t frgive her. After all, his pinin cunted the mst. He thught abut it fr a mment, smiled and said, “Yes.” He knew she hadn’t dne it n purpse. Children are s resilient and s hnest. They dn’t hld nt resentment as adults d smetimes. Their hearts are pure, s we wrte Katie a letter tgether, reading, “We knw it was an unfrtunate accident. We frgive yu, and we hpe yu frgive yurself.”
The next mrning, Luke and I waited fr Katie with the letter at the schl gate. Finally came Katie. When she sptted us, she paused and frced a smile. Luke trtted beside her with wild little hps, handing her the letter. N sner had she unflded it than a relieved and happy smile blmed n her face, which made Luke feel much better. She skipped t give me a big hug. I hugged her back. We didn’t have t say anything else; we all knew it was frgiveness that was the mst imprtant step in healing.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，作者的儿子Luke因为被Katie扔了石头受了伤，在医院缝了四针，回到家后作者作为母亲非常心疼，非常担心儿子的伤，对Katie充满了愤怒。几天后Luke的老师打电话来告知Katie非常伤心，作者请老师转告她以后不可以扔石头。Luke的伤口逐渐痊愈，作者的生气逐渐减少，开始考虑如何支持儿子，同时让Katie不受伤。昨晚老师来拜访时带来了Katie做的康复卡片，Luke和作者看后都很感动。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我希望这是一个教导Luke学会宽恕的时刻。”可知，第一段可描写作者和Luke沟通是否原谅Katie，然后两人给Katie写信表示原谅。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天早上，Luke和我拿着信在学校门口等Katie。”可知，第二段可描写Luke和Katie见了面，Luke对Katie表示原谅，Katie因为被原谅而感到轻松，作者对此有所感悟。
2.续写线索：教Luke学会宽恕——与Luke沟通——Luke写信表示原谅——拿信等Katie——Luke原谅Katie——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①原谅：frgive/pardn/excuse
②思考：think abut/cnsider/cntemplate/give thught t
③紧紧抓住：hld nt/keep/retain/grasp
④看到：spt/bserve/ntice/discver
⑤停下：pause/stp/case/halt
情绪类
①愤怒：anger/annyance/vexatin/irritatin
②仇恨：resentment/hate/hatred
③开心的：happy/pleasant/jyful
【点睛】[高分句型1] I asked Luke if he was ready t frgive her.（连接词if引导名词性从句作asked的宾语）
[高分句型2] N sner had she unflded it than a relieved and happy smile blmed n her face, which made Luke feel much better.（n sner… than…引导时间状语从句，并引起主句部分倒装）
[高分句型3] We didn’t have t say anything else; we all knew it was frgiveness that was the mst imprtant step in healing.（it was… that…是强调句型）
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