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2022-2023学年新疆维吾尔自治区喀什第六中学高一上学期11月月考英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年新疆维吾尔自治区喀什第六中学高一上学期11月月考英语试题（解析版），文件包含精品解析新疆维吾尔自治区喀什第六中学2022-2023学年高一上学期11月月考英语试题原卷版docx、精品解析新疆维吾尔自治区喀什第六中学2022-2023学年高一上学期11月月考英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共39页， 欢迎下载使用。
(完卷时间：120分钟 总分：90分 考试形式：闭卷/线上)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bird Huse Keeper Internship
The Smithsnian’s Natinal Z’s. Bird Huse is lking fr qualified interns (实习生) wh are interested in develping z prfessinal skills in animal care. Interns play an imprtant rle in animal cnservatin and have the unique pprtunity t aid animal care staff in varius respnsibilities.
Interns will:
•Experience and learn all aspects f animal husbandry (畜牧业)
•Learn and fllw animal and keeper safety guidelines and peratins
•Cmplete a prject and present findings t bird staff
• Perfrm ther duties
Supprt will be given t any intern wh wishes t pursue the publicatin f their prject results at the cud f the internship.
Qualificatins:
Strng preference will be given t undergraduate and graduate students r recent graduates pursuing a career in a related field.
•Previus animal experience in a z preferred but nt required
•Flexible, reliable, self-mtivated and a team player
•Ability t fllw ral and written instructins
•Able t establish and maintain an effective relatinship with peple
• Strng written and ral cmmunicatin
• Gd bservatinal skill
•Able t actively wrk in severe weather
Stipend (津贴):
This is an unpaid internship. Interns will be respnsible fr all transprtatin csts and persnal health insurance.
Husing:
The intern will make his r her wn husing arrangements in the Washingtn, D.C., area.
Parking:
The Smithsnian’s Natinal Z and the Smithsnian Institutin d nt prvide free parking t interns.
Term f appintment:
This is a three-mnth internship with the pssibility f extending (延长) t six mnths. Interns must be able t cmmit 30-40 hurs per week, including hlidays and weekends.
Hw t Apply:
T apply, g t
1. What will interns be ffered?
A. Free publicatin f their prject results.
B. Free accmmdatin.
C. Rund-trip csts.
D. Sme training in animal care.
2. What is required f applicants?
A. Having strng cmmunicatin skills.
B. Being familiar with birds’ habits.
C. Having wrking experience in a z.
D. Being graduate students.
3. Hw lng shuld interns wrk?
A. 90-120 hurs.
B. At least 360 hurs.
C. 120-480 hurs.
D. At least 480 hurs.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇史密森国家动物园正在招聘鸟舍管理员实习的招聘广告。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。文章第一段“The Smithsnian’s Natinal Z’s. Bird Huse is lking fr qualified interns wh are interested in develping z prfessinal skills in animal care.(史密森国家动物园的 Bird Huse正在寻找有兴趣培养动物园动物护理专业技能的合格实习生。)”可知，实习生将会在这里得到一些动物护理方面的技能。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由Qualificatins段中“Strng written and ral cmmunicatin(良好的书面和口头沟通)”可知，对实习生来说，他们需要有很好的口头沟通能力。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段“This is a three-mnth internship with the pssibility f extending t six mnths. Interns must be able t cmmit 30-40 hurs per week, including hlidays and weekends.(这是一个为期三个月的实习期，可能会延长到六个月。实习生必须能够每周工作30-40小时，包括节假日和周末。)”可知，每周工作时间至少30小时，总时间至少3个月，那总工作时间至少360小时。故选B项。
B
Grwing up in Philadelphia, Lieberman started cking with his stay-at-hme dad when he was seven．His fd-lving family had tw kitchens, and he quickly learned what was the best way t bake his cakes．Lieberman imprved his kitchen skills greatly during a year abrad befre cllege, learning frm a ck in Italy and studying lcal specialties（地方特色菜）in Germany, Spain and France．At Yale, he was knwn fr thrwing dinner parties, single-handedly frying and baking while mixing drinks fr dzens f friends．Just fr fun, he and sme friends decided t tape a shw named Campus Cuisine abut his cking．Lieberman was a real cllege student shwing his classmates hw t d things like make drinks ut f dining-hall fruit．That helped the shw becme very ppular amng the students．They wuld stp Lieberman after classes t ask fr his advice n cking．Tapes f the shw were passed arund, with which his name went beynd the schl and finally t the Fd Netwrk．
Fd Netwrk prducer Flay hpes the yung ck will find a place n the netwrk televisin．He says Lieberman’s charisma is key．“Fd TV isn’t abut fd anymre,” says Flay．“It’s abut yur persnality（个性）and finding a way t keep peple’s eyeballs n yur shw．”
But Lieberman isn’t putting all his eggs in ne basket．After taping the first seasn f the new shw, Lieberman was back in his wn small kitchen preparing sandwiches．An airline cmpany（航空公司）was lking fr smene t cme up with a tasteful, inexpensive and easy-t-make menu t serve n its flights, Lieberman gt the jb．
4. We can learn frm the text that Lieberman’s family ____．
A. have relatives in EurpeB. lve cking at hme
C. ften hld partiesD. wn a restaurant
5. The Fd Netwrk gt t knw Lieberman ____．
A. at ne f his partiesB. frm his teachers
C. Thrugh his taped shwD. n a televisin prgram
6. What des the wrd “charisma” underlined in the text refer t?
A. A natural ability t attract thers．
B. A way t shw ne’s achievement．
C. Lieberman’s after-class interest．
D. Lieberman’s fine cking skill．
7. Why did the airline cmpany give Lieberman the jb?
A. He culd prepare meals in a small kitchen．
B. He was famus fr his shws n Fd TV．
C. He was gd at using eggs t make sandwiches．
D. He culd ck cheap, delicius and simple meals．
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在费城长大的利伯曼从小学习做菜的事情。他七岁的时候开始学做菜，大学之后开始因为做菜而出名，得到了各方关注。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“His fd-lving family had tw kitchens”（他热爱食物的家庭有两个厨房）可推断利伯曼的家人喜欢在家做饭。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Tapes f the shw were passed arund, with which his name went beynd the schl and finally t the Fd Netwrk．”（该节目的录音带被传阅，他的名字被传到了学校之外，最后传到了美食频道）可知美食频道通过利伯曼的录音带认识了他。故选C。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据该词所在句后一句““Fd TV isn’t abut fd anymre,” says Flay．“It’s abut yur persnality（个性）and finding a way t keep peple’s eyeballs n yur shw．””（“美食电视节目不再是关于食物的， ”弗雷说，“关键在于你的个性，以及找到一种方式让人们关注你的节目。”可以推断“charisma”这个词是指能自然吸引他人的能力。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“An airline cmpany（航空公司）was lking fr smene t cme up with a tasteful, inexpensive and easy-t-make menu t serve n its flights, Lieberman gt the jb．”（利伯曼得到了这份工作。当时，一家航空公司正在寻找一名能为其航班提供有品位、价格低廉、易于制作的菜单的人）可知航空公司给了利伯曼这份工作是因为他能做便宜、美味、简单的饭菜。故选D。
C
Like yu and yur pet dg, plants are living things: they eat, drink, and grw. Unlike yu and yur dg, they can't run away, use fists r teeth, r hide under the cvers when they're threatened. But they can fight back.
Why wuld a plant need t fight back? T avid being eaten, f curse! Plants have several ways f prtecting themselves. A plant can grw in a hidden r hard-t-get-t place. Think f plants yu've seen grwing n steep, rcky cliff (悬崖). Or, a plant culd make nly sme parts f itself attractive t hungry insects and animals. Fr instance, if a plant prduced really tasty leaves, herbivres (creatures that eat nly plants) might eat the leaves instead f the seeds, which the plant needs fr making mre plants. Sme plants have sharp r slippery (滑的) parts that discurage insects and ther animals frm getting t clse, like the thrns(刺) n a rsebush.
But the mst interesting way that plants fight back is by using chemicals. Plants take minerals frm the sil and cmbine them int chemicals that d a lt f wrk. Fr example, plants prduce chlrphyll(叶绿素), which helps cnvert sunshine and water int the sugars that plants eat.
They als prduce chemicals t help prtect themselves. One kind f tbacc plant releases a chemical int the air whenever small bugs begin t eat it. The chemical signals large bugs, saying "Dinner's ready!" The big bugs cme t eat the little nes and save the plant.
Mst plants use chemicals in a mre direct way against their enemies. In ther wrds, plants make pisn.
8 What des the underlined wrd "cnvert" mean?
A. ChangeB. Separate
C. FrmD. Prduce
9. What d we knw frm the passage?
A. Sme plants hide under the cvers when faced with threat.
B. A plant grws in a hard-t-get-t place t draw peple's attentin.
C. Sme plants prduce tasty leaves t prtect their seeds.
D. Plants prduce chemicals t meet the needs f big bugs.
10. What may be talked abut fllwing the last paragraph?
A. Different effects that different plant pisns cause n plant eaters.
B. Different kinds f plants in the wrld.
C. Why plants make pisn?
D. Hw t prtect plants?
11. What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Plant infrmatin.B. Plant enemies.
C. Plant pisns.D. Plant prtectin.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了植物是怎样反击和保护自己的。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下划线所在的句子plants prduce chlrphyll(叶绿素), which helps cnvert sunshine and water int the sugars that plants eat.可知，植物产生叶绿素，能将阳光和水变成植物需要的糖分。根据语境，可以推测cnvert是“改变、转变”的意思，即change。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段if a plant prduced really tasty leaves, herbivres (creatures that eat nly plants) might eat the leaves instead f the seeds, which the plant needs fr making mre plants.可知，如果一种植物产生真正美味的叶子，食草动物（只吃植物的动物）可能吃叶子而不是种子，植物需要种子来长出更多的植物。由此可知，一些植物可能用美味的叶子来保护种子。故选C。
10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Mst plants use chemicals in a mre direct way against their enemies. In ther wrds, plants make pisn.可知，大部分植物以更直接的方式使用化学物质来对抗敌人。换句话说，植物产生毒素。由此推测，接下来会写，不同的植物毒素对食草动物的不同影响。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段Plants have several ways f prtecting themselves. A plant can grw in a hidden r hard-t-get-t place.植物有几种保护自己的方法。一株植物可以生长在一个隐蔽的或难以接近的地方。根据第三段But the mst interesting way that plants fight back is by using chemicals.可知，但最有趣的方式是植物通过使用化学物质反击；根据第四段They als prduce chemicals t help prtect themselves.可知，他们也产生化学物质来保护自己。由此可以看出，文章是关于植物保护的。短文的最佳标题是“植物的自我保护”。故选D。
D
A Suth-African female engineer has becme an inspiratin fr ther wmen lking t succeed in fields led by men, after phts f her cnstructing an extensin t her huse went s ppular n scial media.
Last mnth, Suth Africa celebrated Wmen's Mnth and a 26-year-ld wman frm Pietermaritzburg became the unlikely pster girl fr this year's celebratin, after phts f her single-handedly wrking n an extensin t her huse went ppular n Facebk and ther scial netwrks. The pictures shwed the wman preparing the cement, making all the measurements and piling the building blcks all by herself, which nt nly wn her a lt f praise, but als empwered ther wmen t fllw their dreams even if the difficulties are against them.
Suth African website Briefly managed t track dwn the wman f the phts, wh turned ut t be a trained civil engineer named Zama Philisiwe Zungu. She inherited the passin fr cnstructin frm her father, wh is als a builder, and made the decisin t becme an engineer in 2014, getting int the Umgungundlvu TVET Cllege in her hme city.
Zama said that she had never wrked in cnstructin befre, but that the practical exams she had passed during cllege gave her the cnfidence that she culd build the extensin t her huse by herself. “This is what I am gd at,” the 26-year-ld said. “Renvating my hme is very fun and exciting at the same time; practices are mre fun than thery.”
Zama dreams f ne day running her wn cnstructin cmpany and plans t empwer mre wmen in the engineering industry. “Always put yur best in everything that yu d and never underestimate the pwer f puring yur heart in what yu d. Always seek t imprve and empwer yurself.” Zama advised ther wmen.
12. Why has the female engineer becme an inspiratin fr ther wmen?
A. Because she is ppular n scial media.
B. Because she ges t cllege in a pr cuntry.
C. Because wmen finally cntrl the main fields.
D. Because wmen seldm succeed in the cnstructin industry.
13. What d we knw abut Zama?
A. She chse the best lcatin fr her huse.B. She made a lt f preparatins n her wn.
C. She praised ther wmen fllwing their dreams.D. She made a lt f building blcks and cement.
14. What des the underlined wrd “Renvating” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Making the rm better and larger.B. Painting the walls f a new huse.
C. Tearing an ld huse int pieces.D. Drawing a new rm in the paper.
15. Which f the fllwing best describes Zama?
A. Inspiring and persevering.B. Rmantic and hardwrking.
C. Creative and sympathetic.D. Cperative and reliable.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。南非一名女工程师Zama Philisiwe Zungu在自家扩建房屋的照片在社交媒体上走红后，她成为了其他女性在男性主导的领域取得成功的鼓舞力量。文章介绍了她扩展房屋的经过以及本人对此的看法。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A Suth-African female engineer has becme an inspiratin fr ther wmen lking t succeed in fields led by men, after phts f her cnstructing an extensin t her huse went s ppular n scial media.”(南非一名女工程师在自家扩建房屋的照片在社交媒体上走红后，她成为了其他女性在男性主导的领域取得成功的鼓舞力量)可知，这位女工程师成为了其他女性的榜样是因为女性很少在建筑业取得成功。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The pictures shwed the wman preparing the cement, making all the measurements and piling the building blcks all by herself, which nt nly wn her a lt f praise, but als empwered ther wmen t fllw their dreams even if the difficulties are against them.”(这些照片显示，这位妇女自己准备水泥，测量所有的尺寸，堆砌建筑的砖块，这不仅为她赢得了很多赞誉，也使其他女性能够追随自己的梦想，即使困难重重)可知，Zama自己做了很多准备。故选B。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Zama said that she had never wrked in cnstructin befre, but that the practical exams she had passed during cllege gave her the cnfidence that she culd build the extensin t her huse by herself.”（Zama说她以前从未在建筑行业工作过，但她在大学期间通过的实践考试让她有信心自己可以建造房子的扩建部分，所以Zama认为让房间更好更大，是非常有趣和令人兴奋的。）故画线词意思是“使房间更好更大”。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘Always put yur best in everything that yu d and never underestimate the pwer f puring yur heart in what yu d. Always seek t imprve and empwer yurself.’ Zama advised ther wmen.”(Zama建议其他女性：“做每一件事都要全力以赴，永远不要低估全身心投入的力量。总是寻求改善和增强自己的力量。”)可推知，Zama是一个鼓舞人心，持之以恒的人。故选A。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。
Get int a grup bigger than tw and yu get butterflies in yur stmach. Staff meetings at wrk are difficult. And parties are the wrst.
Yu’re nt alne. Scial anxiety affects an estimated 15 millin Americans. Here are sme tips t help yu better navigate the scial wrld:
Fr frmal situatins: Plan and prepare what yu want t say
Knw yu want t get yur pint heard at that big meeting? Plan and prepare. While the gld standard seems t be able t react quickly, it’s fine t knw what yu want t say in advance. ____16____. Have ntes in frnt f yu in case yu are nervus.
Fr casual situatins: Prepare
Party cming up? Like the staff meeting, be prepared. ____17____. Even if yu wrry that yur stry may seem ut f place, try t make it fit: If yu dn’t knw what t say n a particular tpic, spin it back t what yu d knw. Fr example, yur questin abut the ecnmy brings me back t climate change; what yu said reminds me f the time I ...
____18____
The prblem with listening t what yur anxius mind is telling yu is that it wrks: If yu skip the staff meeting r the party, yu will feel less anxius, but this is nly feeding the dragn and will make thse anxius circuits in yur brain strnger. ____19____. Over time, this will expand yur cmfrt zne.
Take baby steps
Decide t g t the party and tell yurself yu will stay fr a half-hur and then see hw yu feel. Think f this less as sme cmmand perfrmance and mre as an experiment in expanding yur scial wrld. Baby steps like these are fine — it’s abut learning t fight yur emtins by mving frward. ____20____.
A. Dn’t listen t yur anxiety
B. With practice, it will becme easier
C. Step frward and speak up in spite f it
D. Hwever, this is nt the best way t scialize
E. Map ut a cuple f stries that yu feel cmfrtable sharing
F. The slutin t any anxiety is t run tward it, nt away frm it
G. Write ut yur speech, hwever lng r shrt, and practice ahead f time
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. A 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些给社交焦虑者的一些建议，从而更好地驾驭社交世界。
【16题详解】
根据前句“While the gld standard seems t be able t react quickly, it’s fine t knw what yu want t say in advance.(虽然黄金准则似乎能够迅速做出反应，但提前知道自己想说什么是很好的。)”和后句“Have ntes in frnt f yu in case yu are nervus.(在你面前准备好笔记，以防你紧张。)”可知，避免紧张，提前准备演讲稿并加以练习。选项G“Write ut yur speech, hwever lng r shrt, and practice ahead f time(把你的演讲稿写下来，不管长或短，并提前练习)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Party cming up? Like the staff meeting, be prepared.(派对要来了？和员工会议一样，要做好准备。)”和后句“Even if yu wrry that yur stry may seem ut f place, try t make it fit: If yu dn’t knw what t say n a particular tpic, spin it back t what yu d knw. (即使你担心你的故事看起来不合适，也要试着让它合适：如果你不知道在一个特定的话题上说什么，就把它转回到你知道的话题上。)”可知，建议准备可以在派对上可以分享的故事。选项E“Map ut a cuple f stries that yu feel cmfrtable sharing (列出几个你觉得可以分享的故事)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
这里为本段小标题。根据下文“The prblem with listening t what yur anxius mind is telling yu is that it wrks: If yu skip the staff meeting r the party, yu will feel less anxius, but this is nly feeding the dragn and will make thse anxius circuits in yur brain strnger.(倾听焦虑的大脑告诉你的事情的问题在于它是有效的：如果你不参加员工会议或聚会，你会感到不那么焦虑，但这只是在喂龙，会让你大脑中的焦虑回路更强。)”及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍不要倾听大脑的焦虑，任何焦虑都有解决方法。选项A“Dn’t listen t yur anxiety (不要听信你的焦虑)”符合本段小标题。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据前句“The prblem with listening t what yur anxius mind is telling yu is that it wrks: If yu skip the staff meeting r the party, yu will feel less anxius, but this is nly feeding the dragn and will make thse anxius circuits in yur brain strnger. (倾听焦虑的大脑告诉你的事情的问题在于它是有效的：如果你不参加员工会议或聚会，你会感到不那么焦虑，但这只是在喂龙，会让你大脑中的焦虑回路更强。)”和后句“Over time, this will expand yur cmfrt zne. (随着时间的推移，这会扩大你的舒适区。)”可知，作者建议不要逃避焦虑，全力以赴就会适应。选项F“The slutin t any anxiety is t run tward it, nt away frm it (任何焦虑的解决方法都是奔向它，而不是逃避它)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Decide t g t the party and tell yurself yu will stay fr a half-hur and then see hw yu feel. Think f this less as sme cmmand perfrmance and mre as an experiment in expanding yur scial wrld. Baby steps like these are fine – it’s abut learning t fight yur emtins by mving frward. (决定去参加聚会，告诉自己你会呆半个小时，然后看看你感觉如何。与其说这是一种命令性的表现，不如说这是一种扩展你的社交世界的实验。像这样一小步一小步是可以的——这是关于学习通过前进来对抗你的情绪。)”可知，作者建议通过循序渐进地多加练习，克服焦虑就会越来越容易。选项B“With practice, it will becme easier (通过练习，它会变得更容易)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分 30分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I used t hate being called upn in class mainly because I didn’t like attentin drawn t myself. And unless therwise ____21____ a seat by the teacher, I always chse t sit at the back f the classrm.
All this ____22____ after I jined a sprts team. It began when a teacher suggested I try ut fr the basketball team. At first I thught it was a ____23____ idea because I didn’t have a gd sense f balance, nr did I have the ____24____ t keep pace with the thers n the team and they wuld laugh at me. But fr the teacher wh kept insisting n my “____25____ it”, I wuldn’t have decided t give it a try.
Getting up the curage t g t the tryuts was nly the ____26____ f it! When I first started ____27____ the practice sessins. I didn’t even knw the rules f the game, much less what I was ding. Smetimes I’d get ____28____ and take a sht at the wrng directin— which made me feel really stupid. ____29____, I wasn’t the nly ne “new” at the game, s I decided t _____30_____ n learning the game, d my best at each practice sessin, and nt t be t hard n myself fr the things I didn’t knw “just yet”.
I practiced and practiced. Sn I knew the _____31_____ and the “mves”. Being part f a team was fun and mtivating. Very sn the _____32_____ part in me was winning ver my lack f cnfidence. With time, I learned hw t play and make friends in the prcess— friends wh respected my effrts t wrk hard and be a team player. I never had s much fun!
With my _____33_____ self-cnfidence cmes mre praise frm teachers and classmates. I have gne frm _____34_____ in the back f the classrm and nt wanting t call attentin t myself, t raising my hand— even when I smetimes wasn’t 100 per cent _____35_____ whether I had the right answer. Nw I have mre self-cnfidence in myself.
21. A. apprvedB. remvedC. cnfirmedD. assigned
22. A. cntinuedB. changedC. seededD. started
23. A. crazyB. memrableC. cmplicatedD. dangerus
24. A. rightB. chanceC. abilityD. patience
25. A. ging frB. lking frC. cheering frD. accunting fr
26. A. pintB. halfC. restD. end
27. A. enjyingB. preparingC. attendingD. watching
28. A. frightenedB. astnishedC. amazedD. cnfused
29. A. EssentiallyB. FrtunatelyC. ObviuslyD. Hpefully
30. A. fcusB. actC. relyD. try
31. A. stepsB. rdersC. rulesD. games
32. A. matureB. cmpetitiveC. distinctD. specific
33. A. expressedB. imprvedC. restredD. recgnised
34. A. dreamingB. playingC. relaxingD. hiding
35. A. luckyB. happyC. sureD. satisfied
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了“我”原来是一个非常内向的孩子，在学校时没有突出的表现，很缺乏自信，由于老师的鼓励参加篮球队后，“我”重新拾起了自信。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除非被老师指定一个座位，否则我总是选择坐在教室的后面。A. apprved赞同；B. remved移除；C. cnfirmed证实；D. assigned指定，分配。根据“I always chse t sit at the back f the classrm.”可知，除非被老师指定座位，否则作者都选择坐在教室的后面，因为他不喜欢被关注。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有这些在我加入一个体育运动队后改变了。A. cntinued继续；B. changed改变；C. seeded播种；D. started开始。根据下文“I have gne frm ____14____ in the back f the classrm and nt wanting t call attentin t myself,”可知，加入篮球队后作者有了改变。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始我认为这是一个疯狂的想法，因为我的平衡感不好，并且我也没有能力跟上队里的其他人，他们会嘲笑我。A. crazy疯狂的；B. memrable难忘的；C. cmplicated复杂的；D. dangerus危险的。根据“I didn’t have a gd sense f balance”可知，作者认为老师让自己加入篮球队是一个疯狂的想法。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. right权力；B. chance机会；C. ability能力；D. patience耐心。根据“t keep pace with the thers n the team”可知，在球队里跟上队友是一种能力。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果不是那个一直坚持让我“放手去做”的老师，我不会决定试一试。A. ging fr挑选，适用于，努力争取；B. lking fr寻找；C. cheering fr为……喝彩，为……加油；D. accunting fr占比。根据上文“It began when a teacher suggested I try ut fr the basketball team.”推知，该老师一直坚持让作者放手去做、努力争取。g fr it“放手去做，努力争取”。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：鼓起勇气参加选拔赛只是其中的一半。A. pint要点；B. half一半；C. rest休息；D. end结束，末尾。根据下文“I didn’t even knw the rules f the game, much less what I was ding”可知，鼓起勇气参加选拔赛只是进入篮球队的一半。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次参加训练时，我甚至不知道比赛规则，更不用说我在做什么了。A. enjying喜欢，欣赏；B. preparing准备；C. attending参加；D. watching观看。根据“the practice sessins”可知，此处是指参加训练。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时我会很困惑，把球投错篮筐，这让我感觉很愚蠢。A. frightened恐惧的；B. astnished震惊的；C. amazed惊讶的；D. cnfused困惑的。根据“take a sht at the wrng directin”可知，作者有时很困惑，搞不清楚该把球投入哪个篮筐。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我不是参加比赛的唯一的新人，因此我决定专注于从这次比赛中学习，在每一次练习中尽我最大的努力，不要因为“还不知道”的事情而对自己太苛刻。 A. Essentially基本地；B. Frtunately幸运地；C. Obviusly显然；D. Hpefully充满希望地。根据“I wasn’t the nly ne “new” at the game”推知，作者感到庆幸的是，自己不是赛场上唯一的新人。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fcus关注；B. act行动，表演；C. rely依靠；D. try尝试。结合作者新手的身份和“n learning the game”推知，他决定这次比赛专注于学习（技能技巧）。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快我知道了规则和动作。A. steps步骤；B. rders命令；C. rules规则；D. games游戏，比赛。根据上文“I practised and practised.”可知，作者经过不断练习后知道了规则。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，我内心充满竞争的一面就战胜了我缺乏自信的一面。A. mature成熟的；B. cmpetitive竞争的；C. distinct明显的，卓越的；D. specific独特的，具体的。根据“winning ver my lack f cnfidence.”可知，作者加入篮球队后，随着技术的提高，他内心充满竞争的一面就战胜了缺乏自信的一面。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我自己信心的提高，得到了老师和同学的更多赞扬。A. expressed表达；B. imprved改善，提高；C. restred修复；D. recgnised认出。根据上文“my lack f cnfidence”及下文“cmes mre praise frm teachers and classmates”可知，作者的自信心提高了。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：我已经从藏在教室后面，不想引起别人对我的注意，变成了举手，即使有时我不能百分之百确定我是否有正确的答案。A. dreaming梦想；B. playing玩耍；C. relaxing放松；D. hiding隐藏。根据上文“I always chse t sit at the back f the classrm.”可知，作者以前总是“藏”在教室后面。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. lucky幸运的；B. happy开心的；C. sure确定的；D. satisfied满意的。根据下文“Nw I have mre self—cnfidence in myself.”可知，即使不能确定是正确的答案，作者也会举手回答问题。故选C。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is a big challenge___36___(find) and keep the right balance between prgress and the prtectin f cultural sites. Hwever, big challenges can smetimes lead t great slutins. When the Egyptian gvernment suggested___37___(build) the Aswan Dam, they were faced with varius prblems, ___38___(include) destrying an imprtant part f Egypt’s cultural heritage. As a result, the gvernment turned ___39___the United Natins in 1959. A cmmittee___40___(establish) t limit damage t the Egyptian buildings and prevent the___41___(lse) f cultural relics. Finally, a dcument was signed and the wrk began in 1960. Temples and ther cultural sites were taken dwn piece by piece, and then mved and put back tgether in a safe place. Eventually, the prject was cmpleted___42___ (succeed)．
Nt nly ___43___ the cuntries fund a path t the future ___44___did nt run ver the relics f the past, but they had als learnt that it was pssible fr cuntries t wrk tgether t build a better tmrrw. Therefre, if a prblem seems t difficult fr a single natin, the ____45____(glbe) cmmunity can smetimes prvide a slutin.
【答案】36. t find
37. building
38. including
39. t 40. was established
41. lss 42. successfully
43. had 44. that##which
45. glbal
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何保护文化遗产的问题。通过埃及的例子说明对于一个国家太困难的问题，全球社区有时候可以提供解决办法。
【36题详解】
考查不定式。句意：在进步和对文化遗址的保护之间找到并保持正确的平衡是一个巨大的挑战。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语“(find) and keep the right balance between prgress and the prtectin f cultural sites”，故填t find。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当埃及政府建议建造阿斯旺大坝时，他们面临着各种问题，包括摧毁埃及文化遗产中重要的一部分。suggest ding sth.“建议做某事”，用动名词作宾语，故填building。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：当埃及政府建议建造阿斯旺大坝时，他们面临着各种问题，包括摧毁了埃及文化遗产中重要的一部分。根据句意，此处用介词including“包括”，构成介词短语，故including。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：结果，政府在1959年求助联合国。turn t“求助于”，是固定短语，根据句意，故填t。
【40题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：一个委员会被建立限制埃及建筑的破坏和防止文物的损失。分析句子可知，establish作谓语，根据句意，此处描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，主语A cmmittee与谓语establish是被动关系，用被动语态，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词也用第三人称单数，故填was established。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：一个委员会被建立限制埃及建筑的破坏和防止文物的损失。名词lss“损失”作prevent的宾语，根据句意，此处用作不可数名词，故填lss。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：最终，这项工程成功地完成。修饰谓语动词“was cmpleted”用副词作状语，故填successfully。
【43题详解】
考查倒装句和时态。句意：这些国家不仅仅发现了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，也认识到了多国同心协力创造美好未来的可能性。nt nly置于句首，句子使用部分倒装，根据下文的“had learnt”可知，用过去完成时，故填had。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些国家不仅仅发现了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，也认识到了多国同心协力创造美好未来的可能性。分析句子成分可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰a path，从句中作主语，且指物，用关系代词which或者that，故填that/which。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：因此，如果一个问题对一个国家来说似乎太困难，全球社区有时可以提供一个解决方案。修饰名词用形容词，故填glbal。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校将举办“感受中国传统文化”的活动。请你给你校的英国交换生Peter写一封电子邮件，邀请他前来参加。
内容包括：
1.活动时间、地点；
2.朗诵中国古代诗词、参加传统文化讲座、品尝中国传统美食等；
3.活动的意义等。
注意：（1）词数100左右；（2） 可适当增加细节，以使行文流畅
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I’m writing t invite yu t take part in ur theme activity, which will exhibit all kinds f traditinal Chinese culture.
The activity will begin at ur schl n May 1th 2018, lasting 5 days.A series f lectures with traditinal Chinese culture will be given by famus prfessrs, which helps yu t learn mre abut Chinese culture.Meanwhile, there will be a recitatin cnference n ancient Chinese petry.Besides, yu will have the pprtunity t taste a variety f delicius traditinal Chinese fd.
Aimed at prmting the understanding f culture, the activity serves as a gd platfrm where yu can braden yur hrizn and make new friends.I sincerely hpe yu can cme an enjy it.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给英国交换生Peter写一封电子邮件，邀请他前来参加学校即将举办的“感受中国传统文化”活动。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法是指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1活动时间、地点；
2.朗诵中国古代诗词、参加传统文化讲座、品尝中国传统美食等；
3.活动的意义等。
第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
invite sb. t d sth.；take part in；help sb. t d sth.；learn…abut；a variety f；aim at； serves as；braden ne’s hrizn；make friends
第三步：连词成句
1.I’m writing t invite yu t take part in ur theme activity, which will exhibit all kinds f traditinal Chinese culture.
2.The activity will begin at ur schl n May 1th 2018, lasting 5 days.
3.A series f lectures with traditinal Chinese culture will be given by famus prfessrs, which helps yu t learn mre abut Chinese culture.
4.Meanwhile, there will be a recitatin cnference n ancient Chinese petry.
5.Yu will have the pprtunity t taste a variety f delicius traditinal Chinese fd.
6.Aimed at prmting the understanding f culture the activity serves as a gd platfrm where yu can braden yur hrizn and make new friends.
7.I sincerely hpe yu can cme an enjy it.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态的问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First f all Firstly/First, Secndly/Secnd… And then, Finally, In the end, At last（供参考）
2.表并列补充关系：Besides
3.表转折对比关系：Hwever, On the cntrary, but, Althugh+clause(从句), In spite f+n/ding,On the ne hand…,On the ther hand… Sme…,while thers…,as fr, s…that… （供参考）
4.表因果关系：Because, As, S, Thus, Therefre, As a result（供参考）
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】[高分句型1]I’m writing t invite yu t take part in ur theme activity, which will exhibit all kinds f traditinal Chinese culture.（which引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]Aimed at prmting the understanding f culture, the activity serves as a gd platfrm where yu can braden yur hrizn and make new friends.（aimed at为过去分词短语作状语）
第二节(满分25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
It was a cld winter. After wrk, I returned hme. I started t take my cat ff, when my sn Justin ran thrugh the dr f his rm. He shuted, “Dad! Dad! I’m ging t play baseball tnight.”
“Where at?”
“I dn’t knw! It’s dwntwn smewhere. Dad, it’s just dwntwn. We’ll find it.” I pulled my jacket back n. He tk the baseball glve. It fit his left hand; he was left handed—nt a gd match. “S where are we ging?” I asked.
“ I dn’t knw, Dad.”He ran t the dr. “It’s dwntwn.” Saint Jhn was nt a big city. There were nly a few blcks in either directin. “ I think it’s in the suth end, Dad.” My sn stared at me and held his glve. “ We’ll find it.”
We crssed the city center and entered the suth end. We saw a few kids with glves n their hands. “ I guess we’re heading in the right directin, sn. Thse kids lk like they are ready fr a baseball game.”
Justin’s eyes were sparkled with excitement, “ See? I tld yu, Dad.”“ I always believe in yu, Justin.” I replied with a big smile. We fund the field. The wind frze the parents thrugh t the bne, but the kids failed t ntice it. Their minds were n baseball.
It was a rag-tag grup f bys and girls, just enugh t frm three teams. It was a pr league and there were n unifrms. They were lucky t have shirts that matched. They played in T-shirts and jeans. The yung kids had n idea where the ball was t be thrwn. I wuld have laughed, but my sn was ne f the nes thrwing the ball t the wrng base. The three teams battled with each ther, wn and lst. The caches, wh were actually just elder kids, were patient. It was a game and they treated it that way. At the same time, they taught and encuraged the yunger players.
Paragraph 1:
I heard that they wuld take part in the city baseball cmpetitin the next summer.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Nine mnths later, in winter, they attended the secnd city baseball cmpetitin.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
I heard that they wuld take part in the city baseball cmpetitin the next summer. I was surprised. With nly a few mnths left, hw culd they make it? The kids even were thrwing the baseball t the wrng base. But they were determined t d s. Frm that day n, the kids gt tgether every weekend t practice baseball. And the yung caches taught them patiently. Six mnths later, the kids finished the cmpetitin and gt last place. My sn was upset. That night, I had t hld and cmfrt him, telling him that it wuld be better the next time.
Paragraph 2:
Nine mnths later, in winter, they attended the secnd city baseball cmpetitin. Mst f the kids were back. The same caches encuraged them. The kids were familiar with each ther. They knew each ther’s strengths and weaknesses and tried t help each ther. My sn was there. He did a gd jb. The team went t the finals and wn secnd place this time. The yung players, the caches and all the parents there cried with jy.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇读后续写。文章以故事发展为线索，讲述了一个寒冷冬日的傍晚，儿子让作者带他去打棒球。他们穿过小城，来到南边，发现了一群孩子在打棒球。他们球技不好，甚至连专业的教练都没有，却非常有热情。
【详解】1.段落续写。
①由第一段首句内容“我听说他们明年夏天要参加城市棒球比赛。”可知，下文可以描述作者的担忧，以及这次比赛的结果（失败）。
②由第二段首句内容“九个月后的冬天，他们参加了第二届城市棒球比赛。”可知，下文可以描述他们经过长时间的训练，球技提高，有了默契，这次比赛取得了好结果。
2.续写线索：准备夏天参加比赛——作者担忧——比赛失败——安慰儿子——参加冬季比赛——取得好成绩——众人激动兴奋
3.词汇激活
行为类
①成功：succeed/make it
②决心做某事：be determined t d/ decide t d/ make up ne's mind t d
情绪类
①惊讶：surprised/ shcked/ astnished
②伤心的：upset/ sad/ heart-brken
③耐心地：with patience/ patiently
【点睛】[高分句型1] That night, I had t hld and cmfrt him, telling him that it wuld be better the next time.（句中运用了现在分词作状语和that引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2]With nly a few mnths left, hw culd they make it? （句中运用了with复合结构）
(完卷时间：120分钟 总分：90分 考试形式：闭卷/线上)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bird Huse Keeper Internship
The Smithsnian’s Natinal Z’s. Bird Huse is lking fr qualified interns (实习生) wh are interested in develping z prfessinal skills in animal care. Interns play an imprtant rle in animal cnservatin and have the unique pprtunity t aid animal care staff in varius respnsibilities.
Interns will:
•Experience and learn all aspects f animal husbandry (畜牧业)
•Learn and fllw animal and keeper safety guidelines and peratins
•Cmplete a prject and present findings t bird staff
• Perfrm ther duties
Supprt will be given t any intern wh wishes t pursue the publicatin f their prject results at the cud f the internship.
Qualificatins:
Strng preference will be given t undergraduate and graduate students r recent graduates pursuing a career in a related field.
•Previus animal experience in a z preferred but nt required
•Flexible, reliable, self-mtivated and a team player
•Ability t fllw ral and written instructins
•Able t establish and maintain an effective relatinship with peple
• Strng written and ral cmmunicatin
• Gd bservatinal skill
•Able t actively wrk in severe weather
Stipend (津贴):
This is an unpaid internship. Interns will be respnsible fr all transprtatin csts and persnal health insurance.
Husing:
The intern will make his r her wn husing arrangements in the Washingtn, D.C., area.
Parking:
The Smithsnian’s Natinal Z and the Smithsnian Institutin d nt prvide free parking t interns.
Term f appintment:
This is a three-mnth internship with the pssibility f extending (延长) t six mnths. Interns must be able t cmmit 30-40 hurs per week, including hlidays and weekends.
Hw t Apply:
T apply, g t
1. What will interns be ffered?
A. Free publicatin f their prject results.
B. Free accmmdatin.
C. Rund-trip csts.
D. Sme training in animal care.
2. What is required f applicants?
A. Having strng cmmunicatin skills.
B. Being familiar with birds’ habits.
C. Having wrking experience in a z.
D. Being graduate students.
3. Hw lng shuld interns wrk?
A. 90-120 hurs.
B. At least 360 hurs.
C. 120-480 hurs.
D. At least 480 hurs.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇史密森国家动物园正在招聘鸟舍管理员实习的招聘广告。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。文章第一段“The Smithsnian’s Natinal Z’s. Bird Huse is lking fr qualified interns wh are interested in develping z prfessinal skills in animal care.(史密森国家动物园的 Bird Huse正在寻找有兴趣培养动物园动物护理专业技能的合格实习生。)”可知，实习生将会在这里得到一些动物护理方面的技能。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由Qualificatins段中“Strng written and ral cmmunicatin(良好的书面和口头沟通)”可知，对实习生来说，他们需要有很好的口头沟通能力。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段“This is a three-mnth internship with the pssibility f extending t six mnths. Interns must be able t cmmit 30-40 hurs per week, including hlidays and weekends.(这是一个为期三个月的实习期，可能会延长到六个月。实习生必须能够每周工作30-40小时，包括节假日和周末。)”可知，每周工作时间至少30小时，总时间至少3个月，那总工作时间至少360小时。故选B项。
B
Grwing up in Philadelphia, Lieberman started cking with his stay-at-hme dad when he was seven．His fd-lving family had tw kitchens, and he quickly learned what was the best way t bake his cakes．Lieberman imprved his kitchen skills greatly during a year abrad befre cllege, learning frm a ck in Italy and studying lcal specialties（地方特色菜）in Germany, Spain and France．At Yale, he was knwn fr thrwing dinner parties, single-handedly frying and baking while mixing drinks fr dzens f friends．Just fr fun, he and sme friends decided t tape a shw named Campus Cuisine abut his cking．Lieberman was a real cllege student shwing his classmates hw t d things like make drinks ut f dining-hall fruit．That helped the shw becme very ppular amng the students．They wuld stp Lieberman after classes t ask fr his advice n cking．Tapes f the shw were passed arund, with which his name went beynd the schl and finally t the Fd Netwrk．
Fd Netwrk prducer Flay hpes the yung ck will find a place n the netwrk televisin．He says Lieberman’s charisma is key．“Fd TV isn’t abut fd anymre,” says Flay．“It’s abut yur persnality（个性）and finding a way t keep peple’s eyeballs n yur shw．”
But Lieberman isn’t putting all his eggs in ne basket．After taping the first seasn f the new shw, Lieberman was back in his wn small kitchen preparing sandwiches．An airline cmpany（航空公司）was lking fr smene t cme up with a tasteful, inexpensive and easy-t-make menu t serve n its flights, Lieberman gt the jb．
4. We can learn frm the text that Lieberman’s family ____．
A. have relatives in EurpeB. lve cking at hme
C. ften hld partiesD. wn a restaurant
5. The Fd Netwrk gt t knw Lieberman ____．
A. at ne f his partiesB. frm his teachers
C. Thrugh his taped shwD. n a televisin prgram
6. What des the wrd “charisma” underlined in the text refer t?
A. A natural ability t attract thers．
B. A way t shw ne’s achievement．
C. Lieberman’s after-class interest．
D. Lieberman’s fine cking skill．
7. Why did the airline cmpany give Lieberman the jb?
A. He culd prepare meals in a small kitchen．
B. He was famus fr his shws n Fd TV．
C. He was gd at using eggs t make sandwiches．
D. He culd ck cheap, delicius and simple meals．
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在费城长大的利伯曼从小学习做菜的事情。他七岁的时候开始学做菜，大学之后开始因为做菜而出名，得到了各方关注。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“His fd-lving family had tw kitchens”（他热爱食物的家庭有两个厨房）可推断利伯曼的家人喜欢在家做饭。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Tapes f the shw were passed arund, with which his name went beynd the schl and finally t the Fd Netwrk．”（该节目的录音带被传阅，他的名字被传到了学校之外，最后传到了美食频道）可知美食频道通过利伯曼的录音带认识了他。故选C。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据该词所在句后一句““Fd TV isn’t abut fd anymre,” says Flay．“It’s abut yur persnality（个性）and finding a way t keep peple’s eyeballs n yur shw．””（“美食电视节目不再是关于食物的， ”弗雷说，“关键在于你的个性，以及找到一种方式让人们关注你的节目。”可以推断“charisma”这个词是指能自然吸引他人的能力。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“An airline cmpany（航空公司）was lking fr smene t cme up with a tasteful, inexpensive and easy-t-make menu t serve n its flights, Lieberman gt the jb．”（利伯曼得到了这份工作。当时，一家航空公司正在寻找一名能为其航班提供有品位、价格低廉、易于制作的菜单的人）可知航空公司给了利伯曼这份工作是因为他能做便宜、美味、简单的饭菜。故选D。
C
Like yu and yur pet dg, plants are living things: they eat, drink, and grw. Unlike yu and yur dg, they can't run away, use fists r teeth, r hide under the cvers when they're threatened. But they can fight back.
Why wuld a plant need t fight back? T avid being eaten, f curse! Plants have several ways f prtecting themselves. A plant can grw in a hidden r hard-t-get-t place. Think f plants yu've seen grwing n steep, rcky cliff (悬崖). Or, a plant culd make nly sme parts f itself attractive t hungry insects and animals. Fr instance, if a plant prduced really tasty leaves, herbivres (creatures that eat nly plants) might eat the leaves instead f the seeds, which the plant needs fr making mre plants. Sme plants have sharp r slippery (滑的) parts that discurage insects and ther animals frm getting t clse, like the thrns(刺) n a rsebush.
But the mst interesting way that plants fight back is by using chemicals. Plants take minerals frm the sil and cmbine them int chemicals that d a lt f wrk. Fr example, plants prduce chlrphyll(叶绿素), which helps cnvert sunshine and water int the sugars that plants eat.
They als prduce chemicals t help prtect themselves. One kind f tbacc plant releases a chemical int the air whenever small bugs begin t eat it. The chemical signals large bugs, saying "Dinner's ready!" The big bugs cme t eat the little nes and save the plant.
Mst plants use chemicals in a mre direct way against their enemies. In ther wrds, plants make pisn.
8 What des the underlined wrd "cnvert" mean?
A. ChangeB. Separate
C. FrmD. Prduce
9. What d we knw frm the passage?
A. Sme plants hide under the cvers when faced with threat.
B. A plant grws in a hard-t-get-t place t draw peple's attentin.
C. Sme plants prduce tasty leaves t prtect their seeds.
D. Plants prduce chemicals t meet the needs f big bugs.
10. What may be talked abut fllwing the last paragraph?
A. Different effects that different plant pisns cause n plant eaters.
B. Different kinds f plants in the wrld.
C. Why plants make pisn?
D. Hw t prtect plants?
11. What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Plant infrmatin.B. Plant enemies.
C. Plant pisns.D. Plant prtectin.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了植物是怎样反击和保护自己的。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下划线所在的句子plants prduce chlrphyll(叶绿素), which helps cnvert sunshine and water int the sugars that plants eat.可知，植物产生叶绿素，能将阳光和水变成植物需要的糖分。根据语境，可以推测cnvert是“改变、转变”的意思，即change。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段if a plant prduced really tasty leaves, herbivres (creatures that eat nly plants) might eat the leaves instead f the seeds, which the plant needs fr making mre plants.可知，如果一种植物产生真正美味的叶子，食草动物（只吃植物的动物）可能吃叶子而不是种子，植物需要种子来长出更多的植物。由此可知，一些植物可能用美味的叶子来保护种子。故选C。
10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Mst plants use chemicals in a mre direct way against their enemies. In ther wrds, plants make pisn.可知，大部分植物以更直接的方式使用化学物质来对抗敌人。换句话说，植物产生毒素。由此推测，接下来会写，不同的植物毒素对食草动物的不同影响。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段Plants have several ways f prtecting themselves. A plant can grw in a hidden r hard-t-get-t place.植物有几种保护自己的方法。一株植物可以生长在一个隐蔽的或难以接近的地方。根据第三段But the mst interesting way that plants fight back is by using chemicals.可知，但最有趣的方式是植物通过使用化学物质反击；根据第四段They als prduce chemicals t help prtect themselves.可知，他们也产生化学物质来保护自己。由此可以看出，文章是关于植物保护的。短文的最佳标题是“植物的自我保护”。故选D。
D
A Suth-African female engineer has becme an inspiratin fr ther wmen lking t succeed in fields led by men, after phts f her cnstructing an extensin t her huse went s ppular n scial media.
Last mnth, Suth Africa celebrated Wmen's Mnth and a 26-year-ld wman frm Pietermaritzburg became the unlikely pster girl fr this year's celebratin, after phts f her single-handedly wrking n an extensin t her huse went ppular n Facebk and ther scial netwrks. The pictures shwed the wman preparing the cement, making all the measurements and piling the building blcks all by herself, which nt nly wn her a lt f praise, but als empwered ther wmen t fllw their dreams even if the difficulties are against them.
Suth African website Briefly managed t track dwn the wman f the phts, wh turned ut t be a trained civil engineer named Zama Philisiwe Zungu. She inherited the passin fr cnstructin frm her father, wh is als a builder, and made the decisin t becme an engineer in 2014, getting int the Umgungundlvu TVET Cllege in her hme city.
Zama said that she had never wrked in cnstructin befre, but that the practical exams she had passed during cllege gave her the cnfidence that she culd build the extensin t her huse by herself. “This is what I am gd at,” the 26-year-ld said. “Renvating my hme is very fun and exciting at the same time; practices are mre fun than thery.”
Zama dreams f ne day running her wn cnstructin cmpany and plans t empwer mre wmen in the engineering industry. “Always put yur best in everything that yu d and never underestimate the pwer f puring yur heart in what yu d. Always seek t imprve and empwer yurself.” Zama advised ther wmen.
12. Why has the female engineer becme an inspiratin fr ther wmen?
A. Because she is ppular n scial media.
B. Because she ges t cllege in a pr cuntry.
C. Because wmen finally cntrl the main fields.
D. Because wmen seldm succeed in the cnstructin industry.
13. What d we knw abut Zama?
A. She chse the best lcatin fr her huse.B. She made a lt f preparatins n her wn.
C. She praised ther wmen fllwing their dreams.D. She made a lt f building blcks and cement.
14. What des the underlined wrd “Renvating” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Making the rm better and larger.B. Painting the walls f a new huse.
C. Tearing an ld huse int pieces.D. Drawing a new rm in the paper.
15. Which f the fllwing best describes Zama?
A. Inspiring and persevering.B. Rmantic and hardwrking.
C. Creative and sympathetic.D. Cperative and reliable.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。南非一名女工程师Zama Philisiwe Zungu在自家扩建房屋的照片在社交媒体上走红后，她成为了其他女性在男性主导的领域取得成功的鼓舞力量。文章介绍了她扩展房屋的经过以及本人对此的看法。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A Suth-African female engineer has becme an inspiratin fr ther wmen lking t succeed in fields led by men, after phts f her cnstructing an extensin t her huse went s ppular n scial media.”(南非一名女工程师在自家扩建房屋的照片在社交媒体上走红后，她成为了其他女性在男性主导的领域取得成功的鼓舞力量)可知，这位女工程师成为了其他女性的榜样是因为女性很少在建筑业取得成功。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The pictures shwed the wman preparing the cement, making all the measurements and piling the building blcks all by herself, which nt nly wn her a lt f praise, but als empwered ther wmen t fllw their dreams even if the difficulties are against them.”(这些照片显示，这位妇女自己准备水泥，测量所有的尺寸，堆砌建筑的砖块，这不仅为她赢得了很多赞誉，也使其他女性能够追随自己的梦想，即使困难重重)可知，Zama自己做了很多准备。故选B。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Zama said that she had never wrked in cnstructin befre, but that the practical exams she had passed during cllege gave her the cnfidence that she culd build the extensin t her huse by herself.”（Zama说她以前从未在建筑行业工作过，但她在大学期间通过的实践考试让她有信心自己可以建造房子的扩建部分，所以Zama认为让房间更好更大，是非常有趣和令人兴奋的。）故画线词意思是“使房间更好更大”。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘Always put yur best in everything that yu d and never underestimate the pwer f puring yur heart in what yu d. Always seek t imprve and empwer yurself.’ Zama advised ther wmen.”(Zama建议其他女性：“做每一件事都要全力以赴，永远不要低估全身心投入的力量。总是寻求改善和增强自己的力量。”)可推知，Zama是一个鼓舞人心，持之以恒的人。故选A。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。
Get int a grup bigger than tw and yu get butterflies in yur stmach. Staff meetings at wrk are difficult. And parties are the wrst.
Yu’re nt alne. Scial anxiety affects an estimated 15 millin Americans. Here are sme tips t help yu better navigate the scial wrld:
Fr frmal situatins: Plan and prepare what yu want t say
Knw yu want t get yur pint heard at that big meeting? Plan and prepare. While the gld standard seems t be able t react quickly, it’s fine t knw what yu want t say in advance. ____16____. Have ntes in frnt f yu in case yu are nervus.
Fr casual situatins: Prepare
Party cming up? Like the staff meeting, be prepared. ____17____. Even if yu wrry that yur stry may seem ut f place, try t make it fit: If yu dn’t knw what t say n a particular tpic, spin it back t what yu d knw. Fr example, yur questin abut the ecnmy brings me back t climate change; what yu said reminds me f the time I ...
____18____
The prblem with listening t what yur anxius mind is telling yu is that it wrks: If yu skip the staff meeting r the party, yu will feel less anxius, but this is nly feeding the dragn and will make thse anxius circuits in yur brain strnger. ____19____. Over time, this will expand yur cmfrt zne.
Take baby steps
Decide t g t the party and tell yurself yu will stay fr a half-hur and then see hw yu feel. Think f this less as sme cmmand perfrmance and mre as an experiment in expanding yur scial wrld. Baby steps like these are fine — it’s abut learning t fight yur emtins by mving frward. ____20____.
A. Dn’t listen t yur anxiety
B. With practice, it will becme easier
C. Step frward and speak up in spite f it
D. Hwever, this is nt the best way t scialize
E. Map ut a cuple f stries that yu feel cmfrtable sharing
F. The slutin t any anxiety is t run tward it, nt away frm it
G. Write ut yur speech, hwever lng r shrt, and practice ahead f time
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. A 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些给社交焦虑者的一些建议，从而更好地驾驭社交世界。
【16题详解】
根据前句“While the gld standard seems t be able t react quickly, it’s fine t knw what yu want t say in advance.(虽然黄金准则似乎能够迅速做出反应，但提前知道自己想说什么是很好的。)”和后句“Have ntes in frnt f yu in case yu are nervus.(在你面前准备好笔记，以防你紧张。)”可知，避免紧张，提前准备演讲稿并加以练习。选项G“Write ut yur speech, hwever lng r shrt, and practice ahead f time(把你的演讲稿写下来，不管长或短，并提前练习)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Party cming up? Like the staff meeting, be prepared.(派对要来了？和员工会议一样，要做好准备。)”和后句“Even if yu wrry that yur stry may seem ut f place, try t make it fit: If yu dn’t knw what t say n a particular tpic, spin it back t what yu d knw. (即使你担心你的故事看起来不合适，也要试着让它合适：如果你不知道在一个特定的话题上说什么，就把它转回到你知道的话题上。)”可知，建议准备可以在派对上可以分享的故事。选项E“Map ut a cuple f stries that yu feel cmfrtable sharing (列出几个你觉得可以分享的故事)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
这里为本段小标题。根据下文“The prblem with listening t what yur anxius mind is telling yu is that it wrks: If yu skip the staff meeting r the party, yu will feel less anxius, but this is nly feeding the dragn and will make thse anxius circuits in yur brain strnger.(倾听焦虑的大脑告诉你的事情的问题在于它是有效的：如果你不参加员工会议或聚会，你会感到不那么焦虑，但这只是在喂龙，会让你大脑中的焦虑回路更强。)”及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍不要倾听大脑的焦虑，任何焦虑都有解决方法。选项A“Dn’t listen t yur anxiety (不要听信你的焦虑)”符合本段小标题。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据前句“The prblem with listening t what yur anxius mind is telling yu is that it wrks: If yu skip the staff meeting r the party, yu will feel less anxius, but this is nly feeding the dragn and will make thse anxius circuits in yur brain strnger. (倾听焦虑的大脑告诉你的事情的问题在于它是有效的：如果你不参加员工会议或聚会，你会感到不那么焦虑，但这只是在喂龙，会让你大脑中的焦虑回路更强。)”和后句“Over time, this will expand yur cmfrt zne. (随着时间的推移，这会扩大你的舒适区。)”可知，作者建议不要逃避焦虑，全力以赴就会适应。选项F“The slutin t any anxiety is t run tward it, nt away frm it (任何焦虑的解决方法都是奔向它，而不是逃避它)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Decide t g t the party and tell yurself yu will stay fr a half-hur and then see hw yu feel. Think f this less as sme cmmand perfrmance and mre as an experiment in expanding yur scial wrld. Baby steps like these are fine – it’s abut learning t fight yur emtins by mving frward. (决定去参加聚会，告诉自己你会呆半个小时，然后看看你感觉如何。与其说这是一种命令性的表现，不如说这是一种扩展你的社交世界的实验。像这样一小步一小步是可以的——这是关于学习通过前进来对抗你的情绪。)”可知，作者建议通过循序渐进地多加练习，克服焦虑就会越来越容易。选项B“With practice, it will becme easier (通过练习，它会变得更容易)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分 30分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I used t hate being called upn in class mainly because I didn’t like attentin drawn t myself. And unless therwise ____21____ a seat by the teacher, I always chse t sit at the back f the classrm.
All this ____22____ after I jined a sprts team. It began when a teacher suggested I try ut fr the basketball team. At first I thught it was a ____23____ idea because I didn’t have a gd sense f balance, nr did I have the ____24____ t keep pace with the thers n the team and they wuld laugh at me. But fr the teacher wh kept insisting n my “____25____ it”, I wuldn’t have decided t give it a try.
Getting up the curage t g t the tryuts was nly the ____26____ f it! When I first started ____27____ the practice sessins. I didn’t even knw the rules f the game, much less what I was ding. Smetimes I’d get ____28____ and take a sht at the wrng directin— which made me feel really stupid. ____29____, I wasn’t the nly ne “new” at the game, s I decided t _____30_____ n learning the game, d my best at each practice sessin, and nt t be t hard n myself fr the things I didn’t knw “just yet”.
I practiced and practiced. Sn I knew the _____31_____ and the “mves”. Being part f a team was fun and mtivating. Very sn the _____32_____ part in me was winning ver my lack f cnfidence. With time, I learned hw t play and make friends in the prcess— friends wh respected my effrts t wrk hard and be a team player. I never had s much fun!
With my _____33_____ self-cnfidence cmes mre praise frm teachers and classmates. I have gne frm _____34_____ in the back f the classrm and nt wanting t call attentin t myself, t raising my hand— even when I smetimes wasn’t 100 per cent _____35_____ whether I had the right answer. Nw I have mre self-cnfidence in myself.
21. A. apprvedB. remvedC. cnfirmedD. assigned
22. A. cntinuedB. changedC. seededD. started
23. A. crazyB. memrableC. cmplicatedD. dangerus
24. A. rightB. chanceC. abilityD. patience
25. A. ging frB. lking frC. cheering frD. accunting fr
26. A. pintB. halfC. restD. end
27. A. enjyingB. preparingC. attendingD. watching
28. A. frightenedB. astnishedC. amazedD. cnfused
29. A. EssentiallyB. FrtunatelyC. ObviuslyD. Hpefully
30. A. fcusB. actC. relyD. try
31. A. stepsB. rdersC. rulesD. games
32. A. matureB. cmpetitiveC. distinctD. specific
33. A. expressedB. imprvedC. restredD. recgnised
34. A. dreamingB. playingC. relaxingD. hiding
35. A. luckyB. happyC. sureD. satisfied
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了“我”原来是一个非常内向的孩子，在学校时没有突出的表现，很缺乏自信，由于老师的鼓励参加篮球队后，“我”重新拾起了自信。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除非被老师指定一个座位，否则我总是选择坐在教室的后面。A. apprved赞同；B. remved移除；C. cnfirmed证实；D. assigned指定，分配。根据“I always chse t sit at the back f the classrm.”可知，除非被老师指定座位，否则作者都选择坐在教室的后面，因为他不喜欢被关注。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有这些在我加入一个体育运动队后改变了。A. cntinued继续；B. changed改变；C. seeded播种；D. started开始。根据下文“I have gne frm ____14____ in the back f the classrm and nt wanting t call attentin t myself,”可知，加入篮球队后作者有了改变。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始我认为这是一个疯狂的想法，因为我的平衡感不好，并且我也没有能力跟上队里的其他人，他们会嘲笑我。A. crazy疯狂的；B. memrable难忘的；C. cmplicated复杂的；D. dangerus危险的。根据“I didn’t have a gd sense f balance”可知，作者认为老师让自己加入篮球队是一个疯狂的想法。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. right权力；B. chance机会；C. ability能力；D. patience耐心。根据“t keep pace with the thers n the team”可知，在球队里跟上队友是一种能力。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果不是那个一直坚持让我“放手去做”的老师，我不会决定试一试。A. ging fr挑选，适用于，努力争取；B. lking fr寻找；C. cheering fr为……喝彩，为……加油；D. accunting fr占比。根据上文“It began when a teacher suggested I try ut fr the basketball team.”推知，该老师一直坚持让作者放手去做、努力争取。g fr it“放手去做，努力争取”。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：鼓起勇气参加选拔赛只是其中的一半。A. pint要点；B. half一半；C. rest休息；D. end结束，末尾。根据下文“I didn’t even knw the rules f the game, much less what I was ding”可知，鼓起勇气参加选拔赛只是进入篮球队的一半。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次参加训练时，我甚至不知道比赛规则，更不用说我在做什么了。A. enjying喜欢，欣赏；B. preparing准备；C. attending参加；D. watching观看。根据“the practice sessins”可知，此处是指参加训练。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时我会很困惑，把球投错篮筐，这让我感觉很愚蠢。A. frightened恐惧的；B. astnished震惊的；C. amazed惊讶的；D. cnfused困惑的。根据“take a sht at the wrng directin”可知，作者有时很困惑，搞不清楚该把球投入哪个篮筐。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我不是参加比赛的唯一的新人，因此我决定专注于从这次比赛中学习，在每一次练习中尽我最大的努力，不要因为“还不知道”的事情而对自己太苛刻。 A. Essentially基本地；B. Frtunately幸运地；C. Obviusly显然；D. Hpefully充满希望地。根据“I wasn’t the nly ne “new” at the game”推知，作者感到庆幸的是，自己不是赛场上唯一的新人。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fcus关注；B. act行动，表演；C. rely依靠；D. try尝试。结合作者新手的身份和“n learning the game”推知，他决定这次比赛专注于学习（技能技巧）。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快我知道了规则和动作。A. steps步骤；B. rders命令；C. rules规则；D. games游戏，比赛。根据上文“I practised and practised.”可知，作者经过不断练习后知道了规则。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，我内心充满竞争的一面就战胜了我缺乏自信的一面。A. mature成熟的；B. cmpetitive竞争的；C. distinct明显的，卓越的；D. specific独特的，具体的。根据“winning ver my lack f cnfidence.”可知，作者加入篮球队后，随着技术的提高，他内心充满竞争的一面就战胜了缺乏自信的一面。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我自己信心的提高，得到了老师和同学的更多赞扬。A. expressed表达；B. imprved改善，提高；C. restred修复；D. recgnised认出。根据上文“my lack f cnfidence”及下文“cmes mre praise frm teachers and classmates”可知，作者的自信心提高了。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：我已经从藏在教室后面，不想引起别人对我的注意，变成了举手，即使有时我不能百分之百确定我是否有正确的答案。A. dreaming梦想；B. playing玩耍；C. relaxing放松；D. hiding隐藏。根据上文“I always chse t sit at the back f the classrm.”可知，作者以前总是“藏”在教室后面。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. lucky幸运的；B. happy开心的；C. sure确定的；D. satisfied满意的。根据下文“Nw I have mre self—cnfidence in myself.”可知，即使不能确定是正确的答案，作者也会举手回答问题。故选C。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is a big challenge___36___(find) and keep the right balance between prgress and the prtectin f cultural sites. Hwever, big challenges can smetimes lead t great slutins. When the Egyptian gvernment suggested___37___(build) the Aswan Dam, they were faced with varius prblems, ___38___(include) destrying an imprtant part f Egypt’s cultural heritage. As a result, the gvernment turned ___39___the United Natins in 1959. A cmmittee___40___(establish) t limit damage t the Egyptian buildings and prevent the___41___(lse) f cultural relics. Finally, a dcument was signed and the wrk began in 1960. Temples and ther cultural sites were taken dwn piece by piece, and then mved and put back tgether in a safe place. Eventually, the prject was cmpleted___42___ (succeed)．
Nt nly ___43___ the cuntries fund a path t the future ___44___did nt run ver the relics f the past, but they had als learnt that it was pssible fr cuntries t wrk tgether t build a better tmrrw. Therefre, if a prblem seems t difficult fr a single natin, the ____45____(glbe) cmmunity can smetimes prvide a slutin.
【答案】36. t find
37. building
38. including
39. t 40. was established
41. lss 42. successfully
43. had 44. that##which
45. glbal
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何保护文化遗产的问题。通过埃及的例子说明对于一个国家太困难的问题，全球社区有时候可以提供解决办法。
【36题详解】
考查不定式。句意：在进步和对文化遗址的保护之间找到并保持正确的平衡是一个巨大的挑战。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语“(find) and keep the right balance between prgress and the prtectin f cultural sites”，故填t find。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当埃及政府建议建造阿斯旺大坝时，他们面临着各种问题，包括摧毁埃及文化遗产中重要的一部分。suggest ding sth.“建议做某事”，用动名词作宾语，故填building。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：当埃及政府建议建造阿斯旺大坝时，他们面临着各种问题，包括摧毁了埃及文化遗产中重要的一部分。根据句意，此处用介词including“包括”，构成介词短语，故including。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：结果，政府在1959年求助联合国。turn t“求助于”，是固定短语，根据句意，故填t。
【40题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：一个委员会被建立限制埃及建筑的破坏和防止文物的损失。分析句子可知，establish作谓语，根据句意，此处描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，主语A cmmittee与谓语establish是被动关系，用被动语态，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词也用第三人称单数，故填was established。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：一个委员会被建立限制埃及建筑的破坏和防止文物的损失。名词lss“损失”作prevent的宾语，根据句意，此处用作不可数名词，故填lss。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：最终，这项工程成功地完成。修饰谓语动词“was cmpleted”用副词作状语，故填successfully。
【43题详解】
考查倒装句和时态。句意：这些国家不仅仅发现了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，也认识到了多国同心协力创造美好未来的可能性。nt nly置于句首，句子使用部分倒装，根据下文的“had learnt”可知，用过去完成时，故填had。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些国家不仅仅发现了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，也认识到了多国同心协力创造美好未来的可能性。分析句子成分可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰a path，从句中作主语，且指物，用关系代词which或者that，故填that/which。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：因此，如果一个问题对一个国家来说似乎太困难，全球社区有时可以提供一个解决方案。修饰名词用形容词，故填glbal。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校将举办“感受中国传统文化”的活动。请你给你校的英国交换生Peter写一封电子邮件，邀请他前来参加。
内容包括：
1.活动时间、地点；
2.朗诵中国古代诗词、参加传统文化讲座、品尝中国传统美食等；
3.活动的意义等。
注意：（1）词数100左右；（2） 可适当增加细节，以使行文流畅
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I’m writing t invite yu t take part in ur theme activity, which will exhibit all kinds f traditinal Chinese culture.
The activity will begin at ur schl n May 1th 2018, lasting 5 days.A series f lectures with traditinal Chinese culture will be given by famus prfessrs, which helps yu t learn mre abut Chinese culture.Meanwhile, there will be a recitatin cnference n ancient Chinese petry.Besides, yu will have the pprtunity t taste a variety f delicius traditinal Chinese fd.
Aimed at prmting the understanding f culture, the activity serves as a gd platfrm where yu can braden yur hrizn and make new friends.I sincerely hpe yu can cme an enjy it.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给英国交换生Peter写一封电子邮件，邀请他前来参加学校即将举办的“感受中国传统文化”活动。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法是指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1活动时间、地点；
2.朗诵中国古代诗词、参加传统文化讲座、品尝中国传统美食等；
3.活动的意义等。
第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
invite sb. t d sth.；take part in；help sb. t d sth.；learn…abut；a variety f；aim at； serves as；braden ne’s hrizn；make friends
第三步：连词成句
1.I’m writing t invite yu t take part in ur theme activity, which will exhibit all kinds f traditinal Chinese culture.
2.The activity will begin at ur schl n May 1th 2018, lasting 5 days.
3.A series f lectures with traditinal Chinese culture will be given by famus prfessrs, which helps yu t learn mre abut Chinese culture.
4.Meanwhile, there will be a recitatin cnference n ancient Chinese petry.
5.Yu will have the pprtunity t taste a variety f delicius traditinal Chinese fd.
6.Aimed at prmting the understanding f culture the activity serves as a gd platfrm where yu can braden yur hrizn and make new friends.
7.I sincerely hpe yu can cme an enjy it.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态的问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First f all Firstly/First, Secndly/Secnd… And then, Finally, In the end, At last（供参考）
2.表并列补充关系：Besides
3.表转折对比关系：Hwever, On the cntrary, but, Althugh+clause(从句), In spite f+n/ding,On the ne hand…,On the ther hand… Sme…,while thers…,as fr, s…that… （供参考）
4.表因果关系：Because, As, S, Thus, Therefre, As a result（供参考）
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】[高分句型1]I’m writing t invite yu t take part in ur theme activity, which will exhibit all kinds f traditinal Chinese culture.（which引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]Aimed at prmting the understanding f culture, the activity serves as a gd platfrm where yu can braden yur hrizn and make new friends.（aimed at为过去分词短语作状语）
第二节(满分25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
It was a cld winter. After wrk, I returned hme. I started t take my cat ff, when my sn Justin ran thrugh the dr f his rm. He shuted, “Dad! Dad! I’m ging t play baseball tnight.”
“Where at?”
“I dn’t knw! It’s dwntwn smewhere. Dad, it’s just dwntwn. We’ll find it.” I pulled my jacket back n. He tk the baseball glve. It fit his left hand; he was left handed—nt a gd match. “S where are we ging?” I asked.
“ I dn’t knw, Dad.”He ran t the dr. “It’s dwntwn.” Saint Jhn was nt a big city. There were nly a few blcks in either directin. “ I think it’s in the suth end, Dad.” My sn stared at me and held his glve. “ We’ll find it.”
We crssed the city center and entered the suth end. We saw a few kids with glves n their hands. “ I guess we’re heading in the right directin, sn. Thse kids lk like they are ready fr a baseball game.”
Justin’s eyes were sparkled with excitement, “ See? I tld yu, Dad.”“ I always believe in yu, Justin.” I replied with a big smile. We fund the field. The wind frze the parents thrugh t the bne, but the kids failed t ntice it. Their minds were n baseball.
It was a rag-tag grup f bys and girls, just enugh t frm three teams. It was a pr league and there were n unifrms. They were lucky t have shirts that matched. They played in T-shirts and jeans. The yung kids had n idea where the ball was t be thrwn. I wuld have laughed, but my sn was ne f the nes thrwing the ball t the wrng base. The three teams battled with each ther, wn and lst. The caches, wh were actually just elder kids, were patient. It was a game and they treated it that way. At the same time, they taught and encuraged the yunger players.
Paragraph 1:
I heard that they wuld take part in the city baseball cmpetitin the next summer.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Nine mnths later, in winter, they attended the secnd city baseball cmpetitin.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
I heard that they wuld take part in the city baseball cmpetitin the next summer. I was surprised. With nly a few mnths left, hw culd they make it? The kids even were thrwing the baseball t the wrng base. But they were determined t d s. Frm that day n, the kids gt tgether every weekend t practice baseball. And the yung caches taught them patiently. Six mnths later, the kids finished the cmpetitin and gt last place. My sn was upset. That night, I had t hld and cmfrt him, telling him that it wuld be better the next time.
Paragraph 2:
Nine mnths later, in winter, they attended the secnd city baseball cmpetitin. Mst f the kids were back. The same caches encuraged them. The kids were familiar with each ther. They knew each ther’s strengths and weaknesses and tried t help each ther. My sn was there. He did a gd jb. The team went t the finals and wn secnd place this time. The yung players, the caches and all the parents there cried with jy.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇读后续写。文章以故事发展为线索，讲述了一个寒冷冬日的傍晚，儿子让作者带他去打棒球。他们穿过小城，来到南边，发现了一群孩子在打棒球。他们球技不好，甚至连专业的教练都没有，却非常有热情。
【详解】1.段落续写。
①由第一段首句内容“我听说他们明年夏天要参加城市棒球比赛。”可知，下文可以描述作者的担忧，以及这次比赛的结果（失败）。
②由第二段首句内容“九个月后的冬天，他们参加了第二届城市棒球比赛。”可知，下文可以描述他们经过长时间的训练，球技提高，有了默契，这次比赛取得了好结果。
2.续写线索：准备夏天参加比赛——作者担忧——比赛失败——安慰儿子——参加冬季比赛——取得好成绩——众人激动兴奋
3.词汇激活
行为类
①成功：succeed/make it
②决心做某事：be determined t d/ decide t d/ make up ne's mind t d
情绪类
①惊讶：surprised/ shcked/ astnished
②伤心的：upset/ sad/ heart-brken
③耐心地：with patience/ patiently
【点睛】[高分句型1] That night, I had t hld and cmfrt him, telling him that it wuld be better the next time.（句中运用了现在分词作状语和that引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2]With nly a few mnths left, hw culd they make it? （句中运用了with复合结构）
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