湖南省长沙市第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题

这是一份湖南省长沙市第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题，共9页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。

时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Eye Opener Vlunteers
Descriptin
Fr abut 30 years, the Museum f Science Eye Opener Prgram has been wrking with the Bstn Public Schls t bring the exciting wrld f science t secnd grade students frm acrss the city. Each year, abut 3,000 students frm ver 45 Bstn schls visit the museum t explre, ask questins and find answers. Since 1986, funds frm the Germeshausen Family Fundatin have supprted the Eye Opener Prgram in prviding a guided museum experience fr secnd graders.
With the help f a large crps f vlunteers, the prgram intrduces these students t the museum and gives them a chance t engage in science. Eye Opener vlunteers encurage explratin and the excitement f discvery as they share the museum with the children. They achieve these gals thrugh cnversatin, hands-n experiments, explratin f exhibits, and practicing scientific thinking skills with prgram participants.
Respnsibilities
Each Tuesday mrning, the students are gruped int sets f 4 t 6 with a pair f vlunteers wh give them a tur f the museum. Turs last abut tw hurs and are tailred t the interests f the students.
Learn the lay-ut f the museum t share and explre with secnd graders the exhibits which may be interesting t them.
Encurage children t bserve, cmpare, describe, ask questins and share ideas.
Knw museum emergence and safety prcedures.
Wrk in clse cllabratin with a diverse grup f vlunteers.
Minimum Qualificatins
 Patience, sensitivity, and understanding.
 Willingness t wrk with yung children and high schl students f all backgrunds and abilities.
 Interest in infrmal science educatin.
Additinal details
Cmmitment: Fur- t six-mnth cmmitment.
Time: Tuesday mrnings (9:30–12:30) thrughut the schl year.
Training: Attendance at the New Vlunteer Orientatin sessin is required.
21. The Museum f Science Eye Opener Prgram aims t _____________.
A. encurage teenagers t visit the museum
B. guide yung girls t fall in lve with science
C. direct Bstn schls t teach science
D. help kids engage in science
22. What can students d thrugh the prgram?
A. Pay a visit t the museum any day they like.
B. Learn abut what they are interested in.
C. Take a tur f the museum in a grup f 2.
D. Lk arund the museum fr 4 hurs each time.
23. The vlunteers are required t _____________.
A. wrk n Tuesday mrnings B. get a diplma in science
C. have a sense f humrD. vlunteer fr at least ne year
B
In the animal kingdm, killer whales(虎鲸) are scial stars: they travel in varied family grups, care fr grandchildren, and even imitate human speech. Nw, scientists are adding ne mre behavir t the list: frming fast friendships. A new study shws killer whales can rival animals such as chimpanzees and macaques (a kind f mnkey), and even humans when it cmes t the kind f “scial tuch” that indicates strng bnds.
Sme cean animals maintain scial structures — including male dlphins that learn the “names” f their clse allies(盟友). But there is little data abut wild killer whales. That’s where drne(无人机) technlgy came in. Michael Weiss, a behaviral eclgist, teamed up with his clleagues t launch drnes, flying them 30 t 120 meters abve a grup f killer whales. That was high enugh nt t truble the whales, marking the first time drnes have been used t study friendly physical cntact in whales.
The researchers recrded ver 800 instances f physical cntact between individuals. Thse included hugs, back-t-back and nse-t-nse tuches between pairs f whales. Other whales playfully threw yung whales int the air, letting them fall int the water. Besides, the drne images revealed clear preferences amng individuals, usually fr ne “best friend” f the same sex and age. Take J49 and J51 — tw distantly related yung males aged 9 and 6 — fr instance. “Every time yu see a grup f whales, thse tw are right there interacting with each ther,” Weiss says.
The yung led mst f these interactins, rather than the lder females r males. Older males in particular were less imprtant. “The yung individuals really seem t be the glue hlding the grups tgether,” Weiss says. As individuals age, this gradual lss f “centrality” is knwn in many scial mammals, including humans. That finding is “especially appealing” t Stacey Tect, wh wasn’t invlved in the study. “Scientists have lng bserved this scial
aging trend in animals, but there are still many unanswered questins,” she says. That’s certainly n the researchers’ radar. “We’re already gathering new data, with mre advanced equipment,” says Weiss.
24. What des the underlined wrd “rival” in Paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A. Benefit frm. B. Be equal t. C. Depend n. D. Be fnd f.
25. What is new abut Weiss’ research?
A. The research methd.B. The variety f species.
C. The size f the research team.D. The time spent n the research.
26. What did Weiss find abut J49 and J51?
A. They have a stable friendship.
B. Their interactins are mre cmplicated.
C. Their cmmunicating ways change frequently.
D. They prefer playing with yung female whales.
27. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Mre researchers will be invlved in the study.
B. Other scientists take a negative attitude t the research.
C. Researchers will cllect mre data t study killer whales.
D. Researchers will uncver the scial aging trend in animals sn.
C
Thirteen years ag, Ava Kaufman was fighting fr her life. Nw, thanks t a dnr heart and successful rgan transplant, she’s alive — and saving thers.
“My life changed n a dime,” said Kaufman, wh was a prfessinal dancer and black belt in taekwnd(跆拳道) when a disease went undiagnsed and she ended up n life supprt in intensive care with rgan failure. On her birthday in 2009, she received a new heart and prmised Gd if she culd live t raise her yung daughter, she wuld d everything she culd t give back. Tday, Kaufman is ding just that.
Kaufman started her nn-prfit, Ava’s Heart. She and her rganizatin ffer transplant patients services that are ften nt cvered by insurance(保险), including fd, gas, and husing. She fund ut that patients ften must shw financial security and be able t affrd transprtatin and husing near their transplant hspital t get listed. And fr sme patients hping t receive a transplant in a big city like Ls Angeles, where rents are high and htels are expensive, the cst alne culd be a barrier.
Kaufman runs tw husing lcatins where she huses up t five transplant patients and their families at a time, at n cst, after their surgery. This allws them t remain clse t their transplant hspital fr the duratin f their aftercare. Since she started, Kaufman has helped abut 175 peple with pst-transplant husing, and abut 150 mre with supprt services and financial assistance.
At 72, Kaufman wrks ut every day and has n plans t slw dwn. “I feel like I was chsen t d this,” she said. “When I made a prmise t Gd, I didn’t knw what it was ging t be, but it turned ut t be my nn-prfit, Ava’s Heart.”
28. What left Kaufman’s life in danger?
A. A heart frm a dnr. B. An undiagnsed disease.
C. An rgan transplant. D. A prmise t Gd.
29. What des the underlined phrase “n a dime” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Immediately. B. Slightly. C. Frequently.D. Occasinally.
30. What can we knw abut Ava’s Heart?
A. It has ffered husing t 150 patients after their transplant surgeries.
B. It plans t slw dwn because n prfit can be made frm the patients.
C. It was started by Kaufman t help the transplant patients with insurance.
D. It makes a great difference t the patients wh can’t affrd the cst.
31. What is the best title fr the text?
A. A Wman Fighting fr LifeB. Never Lse Heart in Future
C. Hme is Where the Heart isD. Heart Dnatin t Thse in Need
D
Facebk has develped a kind f AI, translating between any pair f 100 languages withut depending n first translating t English.
Facebk’s system was trained n a data set f 7.5 billin sentence pairs cllected frm the web acrss 100 languages thugh nt all the languages had an equal number f sentence pairs. “What I was really interested in was cutting ut English as a middle man. Glbally there are plenty f cuntries where they speak tw languages that aren’t English,” says Angela Fan f Facebk AI wh led the wrk.
Fr sme language pairs, the new system shws bvius imprvements in translatin quality. Fr example, translating frm Spanish t Prtuguese is extremely strng because Spanish is the secnd-mst spken first language wrldwide, meaning the researchers can get a lt f data. Translatin between English and Belarusian als is imprved because the AI can translate Russian int English, which shares similarities with Belarusian.
While the system isn’t in use n the scial netwrk site, Facebk plans t put it t wrk sn t manage the 20 billin translatins made every day when peple click “Translate” n psts written in mre than 160 languages. “Future wrk will be dne n ther language,” says Fan, “especially fr languages where we dn’t have a lt f data, like Suth-East Asian and African languages.”
The wrk “breaks away frm the English-centric mdels and tries t build mre different mdels”, says Sheila Castilh f the ADAPT Centre at Dublin City University, Ireland. “That’s pretty new and different. But it’s hard t knw if the AI des right translatin wrk,” says Castilh. “The users may nt knw the ther language, s they cannt judge the crrectness f the translatin.”
32. What’s Angela Fan’s purpse f making the research?
A. T cllect data f all kinds f peple.
B. T make learning different languages easier.
C. T achieve her dream f becming a translatr.
D. T avid using English as a middle man in translatin.
33. Why is it easy t translate frm Spanish t Prtuguese by AI?
A. There is much data n Spanish.
B. Prtuguese is similar t Spanish.
C. Spanish is spken by the largest number f peple.
D. Researchers have a gd knwledge f the tw languages.
34. What is Castilh wrried abut?
A. The safety f AI translatin.B. The way f using Facebk.
C. The crrectness f AI translatin.D. The number f psts n the website.
35. What is the prper title fr the text?
A. Facebk AI Can Translate Any Language
B. Facebk Needs a Translatin System
C. Facebk Has Translated Many Wrks
D. Facebk AI Can D a Gd Translatin
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Changing yur life can cme in small, easy steps. Yu can transfrm yurself and live a better life by making psitive changes alng the way. Here are sme chices that will lead t yur transfrmatin.
Chse t change bad habits
Sme bad habits seem t stick arund withut us even realizing it. 36 . Yu can vercme them, find better alternatives, and get thrugh yur struggle t becme a better yu! D it fr yurself mre than anything.
Chse t grw
It’s easy t get stuck in a fixed way f life. 37 . In chsing t grw, yu build character, develp yur strengths, becme aware f what needs imprvement, and turn int the well-runded persn yu need t be t succeed.
Chse t seek a balanced life
Where d yu need balance? Are yu all wrk, n play? Or the ppsite? 38 . If yu’re spending t much time wrking r lcked away alne, find the time fr scial interactin and having fun. If yu haven’t cmmitted t a schedule in a while, make the decisin t start fllwing ne.
39
This is vital t human existence. We need the lving bnds created by family members and friends. Persnal relatinships are key t emtinal grwth and scial stability.
Chse t live yur passin
Whatever yur dream is, yu can have it. The persn yu wish t be and the things yu wish t achieve are within yu. Make the chice t pursue thse passins at whatever cst. It may mean clearing ut yur schedule r ding smething yu’ve never dne. 40 .
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分55分）
第一节 （共30小题；每小题1分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A
Last mnth, Kch went t make breakfast and fund a(n) 41 guest using his pl. A large mse(驼鹿) was swimming in the deep end, 42 in the slar cver(太阳能覆盖膜).
“I lked ut in the backyard and there’s the mse abslutely scared and 43 ,” Kch tld The Dd. “She stepped n the slar cver and put her 44 thrugh it and she was 45 trying t get free.”
Kch has nticed mre wildlife arund his hme in Ottawa, but he had 46 seen an animal this impressive befre. He rushed utside and 47 the slar cver ff the pr mse, wh cntinued swimming arund the pl, prving t be a 48 skilled swimmer.
The wild mse seemed t be having truble finding her way ut f the pl, s Kch called the plice and wildlife services t see if they culd 49 a hand. “She lked s pitifully sad ut there that my wife said, ‘I want t give her a 50 .’”
Wrkers frm wildlife services intended that they wuld get her t a safer spt, but they culdn’t 51 it until she was ut f the water. “The 52 thing that happened was that after 3.5 hurs she climbed ut f the shallw end and 53 the fence,” Kch said.
The mse 54 unhurt, but the same can’t be said fr Kch’s pl — which nw has tw hf-sized(马蹄大小的) hles in the 55 .
41. A. infrmalB. rdinaryC. generusD. unexpected
42. A. attractedB. stuckC. remvedD. tricked
43. A. strugglingB. sleepingC. shutingD. searching
44. A. shulderB. ftC. faceD. back
45. A. regularlyB. passivelyC. anxiuslyD. unwillingly
46. A. alwaysB. usuallyC. neverD. smetimes
47. A. pulledB. calledC. putD. drpped
48. A. surprisinglyB. slightlyC. frtunatelyD. simply
49. A. dnateB. recgnizeC. lend D. cure
50. A. liftB. hugC. smileD. credit
51. A. recverB. fllwC. cancelD. manage
52. A. mst awkwardB. bestC. funniestD. strangest
53. A. brke intB. shwed ffC. jumped verD. let g f
54. A. escapedB. participatedC. hesitatedD. fainted
55. A. tpB. cverC. wallD. bttm
B
A little girl wh battled against cancer received a special gift n her third birthday, thanks t a creative stranger frm Idah. Jessica Sebastian, wner f Sebastian Design, was 56 by Danielle Munger, whse daughter, Brynn, lst an eye because f cancer. Danielle asked Jessica if she culd make a bunny dll with ne 57 .
“I make dlls, which is nt a heric 58 . But recently I was asked t make a dll fr a little girl wh is a true 59 ,” Jessica wrte.
“A madam cntacted me and asked if I wuld make a bunny dll with ne eye fr her tw-year-ld daughter because she 60 dlls. The girl lst her left eye t cancer and had started t ntice that she was different and her sweet mm read articles abut hw a dll which lks like a child can be 61 and therapeutic(有益健康的). She 62 her daughter t have a dll with nly ne eye just like her. 63 , I dn’t think I’ve ever been asked t create smething s tender(温柔的) and 64 .”
Brynn received the 65 gift n March 25 during her family birthday party. “She was s excited that she 66 tk the dll ut f the bx s that she culd 67 the dll t all her cusins and family,” Danielle said.
That evening, Danielle tk a pht f Brynn in her Wnder Wman pajamas(睡衣) lking at the bunny dll happily. She recalled her daughter saying, “She 68 me!” “My favrite part f this 69 is hw she is wearing her Wnder Wman cstume,” Jessica said. “It perfectly represents the 70 and curage f this little superher.”
56. A. invited B. respectedC. cntacted D. supprted
57. A. eyeB. legC. ftD. ear
58. A. behavirB. prfessinC. stryD. trick
59. A. winnerB. leaderC. superher D. directr
60. A. hatesB. missesC. makesD. lves
61. A. wildB. unbelievableC. interestingD. helpful
62. A. encuragedB. wantedC. requiredD. frced
63. A. S farB. At nceC. Just nwD. At present
64. A. attractiveB. abnrmalC. strange D. meaningful
65. A. rdinaryB. expensiveC. flexible D. special
66. A. immediately B. actuallyC. definitely D. hardly
67. A. give away B. shw ffC. take nD. put up
68. A. likesB. createsC. savesD. matches
69. A. mmentB. sayingC. phtD. dll
70. A. strength B. kindness C. wisdm D. hnesty
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Adlescence, in general, is 71 (challenge) fr bth parents and their children. Many parents struggle t redefine their relatinships with their grwing children and the changes that cme with 72 . Sme may still cling n t(坚持) the 73 (behave) that was right when the children were little because they are afraid f lsing the clseness they 74 (enjy) while their child was still little.
N parent is perfect, and even parents need help r a little push t get past an emtinal hurdle(情感障碍) 75 is hlding them back. Sme may even be 76 (ttal) sure that what they’re ding is crrect.
When the time is right, start a cnversatin with yur mm 77 an empathetic(感同身受的) pint f view. Tell her that yu appreciate all that she has dne 78 (raise) yu and the lengths she will g t make sure yu are happy and ding well at schl, but 79 it’s starting t make yu uncmfrtable. Smetimes, there really is t much f a gd thing, and she needs t pull back a bit s yu dn’t feel 80 (hld) back frm grwing up. But n matter what happens, yu will be fine. Yu will still lve and appreciate her, and she can trust yu n that.
第三节（共20小题；每小题0.5分，满分10分）
根据课文内容默写或填空。
A
It can be a big headache t balance yur develping 81. _________________ (精神需求) t. Yu enter a strange middle grund — n lnger a small child but nt quite an adult. Yu have bth a new desire fr independence and a cntinued need fr yur parents’ lve and supprt. Yu feel ready t be mre respnsible and make decisins 82. _________________ (自行). Unfrtunately, yur parents d nt always agree and that makes yu feel unhappy. “Why can’t they just let me g?” yu may wnder. 83. _________________ (另一方面), when yu are struggling t cntrl yur feelings, yu wish they culd be mre caring and patient — smetimes they frget that grwing up is 84. _________________ (一段艰难的旅程). It can be difficult when yur parents treat yu like a child but expect yu t 85. _________________ (行事) an adult. All f this can lead t a breakdwn in yur relatinship.
Althugh smetimes it may seem impssible t get alng as a family, yu can 86. _________________ (采取措施) t imprve the situatin. The key t keeping the peace is 87. _________________ (定期和诚实的沟通). When yu disagree with yur parents, take a minute t calm dwn and try t understand the situatin 88. _________________ (从他们的角度). Perhaps they have experienced smething similar and d nt want yu t g thrugh the same pain.
After yu have thught it thrugh, explain yur actins and feelings calmly, listen carefully, and 89. _________________ (解决他们的担忧). Thrugh this kind f healthy discussin, yu will learn when t 90. _________________ (退缩) and when t ask yur parents t relax their cntrl.
B
Jennifer Jnes, 15, tld friends in her class that she was feeling unwell. She then passed 91. _________________ in her mrning PE lessn and 92. _________________ (rush) t hspital.
Jennifer was fund t have 93. _________________ (danger) lw bld sugar levels and was treated immediately. Her wrried parents tld the dctr that their daughter missed breakfast that day 94. _________________ hardly tuched her dinner the night 95. _________________. Frtunately, she is nw ut f danger. Her dctr says that she will make a full recvery 96. _________________ a day r tw.
Jennifer’s classmates hpe t see her back at schl sn. 97. _________________ say that she has struggled with eating prblems fr a lng time. “Jennifer thught that skipping meals wuld be a simple way 98. _________________ (reach) her target weight,” her friend Laura Williams tld ur reprter. “She has nt eaten breakfast fr the last few mnths. She tld me she had truble 99. _________________ (cncentrate) in class. I warned her that skipping meals was 100. _________________ (health), but she wuldn’t listen.”
第四部分 写作（满分15分）
101. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Mike休学返校后无法融入到同学之中，感觉很孤独。请你写封邮件，给他提出一些建议，内容包括：
1. 表达关切和鼓励；
2. 给出具体建议；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mike,








Best wishes!
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
A. Chse t spend time with thse yu lve
B. Chse t rganize yur schedule flexibly
C. Make the chice tday s that yu wn’t be ruled by them
D. Neither extremes will lead yu t a pleasant life fr very lng
E. Hwever, with re-evaluatin and grwth cmes a beautiful freedm
F. It’s gd t change, and yu’ve nly gt s many years t refresh yurself
G. Hwever, the reward frm success and persnal achievement will be wrth it
2023-2024-1长沙一中高一上期中考试
（参考答案）
第一部分 听力 略
第二部分 阅读
第一节 短文理解
21—23 DBA 24—27 BAAC
28—31 BADC 32—35 DACD
第二节 七选五
36—40 CEDAG
第三部分 语言运用
第一节 完形填空
41—45 DBABC 46—50 CAACB
51—55 DBCAD
56—60 CABCD 61—65 DBADD
66—70 ABDCA
第二节 语法填空
71. challenging72. it
73. behavir74. enjyed
75. which / that 76. ttally
77. frm78. t raise
79. that80. hlding
第三节 课文填空
81. mental needs 82. n yur wn
83. On the ther hand84. a rugh ride
85. act like 86. take actin
87. regular and hnest cmmunicatin88. frm their pint f view
89. address their cncerns90. back dwn
91. ut 92. was rushed
93. dangerusly94. and
95. befre 96. in
97. They 98. t reach
99. cncentrating100. unhealthy
第四部分 写作
Dear Mike,
Thank yu fr telling me what’s been upsetting yu. I can relate t hw yu feel. I knw yu’re lnely, but dn’t be discuraged! All yu need t d is make sme small changes.
First, I think it wuld be mre helpful if yu culd take the initiative t talk t yur classmates. Bear in mind that gd cmmunicatin is essential t frming gd relatinships with peple. Secnd, shw a genuine interest in what yur classmates d, which is a gd way t start interacting with them. Last, always wear a smile when yu see them. It may take a lt f effrt, but the reward will be amazing.
Best wishes!
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua