2024年中考英语一轮复习之常考状语从句用法与练习讲义

 2024年中考英语考试一轮复习之常考状语从句用法与练习   地点状语从句的用法　　地点状语从句表示地点、 方位， 这类从句通常由where引导。例如： Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者， 事竟成。// They will go where they are happy. 他们想到他们觉得快乐的地方去。 　　［1］ — Mom, what did the doctor say? 　　— He advised me to live ____ the air is fresher.  　　A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where 　　［答案］ D 　　［解析］ where引导修饰谓语live的地点状语从句。 　　［2］ In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help ____ there is human suffering.  　　A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. wherever 　　［答案］ D 　　［解析］ where引导修饰谓语send的地点状语从句。 　　［3］ If you are traveling ____ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.  　　A. in which B. what C. when D. where 　　［答案］ D ［解析］ where引导修饰谓语are traveling的地点状语从句。 原因状语从句的用法 　　原因状语从句表原因， 以下逐一介绍高考中常见的原因状语从句的引导词： 　　1. because引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后， because表示直接原因， 语气最强， 最适合回答 why引导的疑问句。例如： I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。 　　注意： “not ... because”结构中的not否定的是because引导的整个从句， 例如： The country is not strong because it is large. 国强不在大。 　　2. since引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、 显然的理由(通常被翻译成“既然”)， 较为正式， 语气比because弱。例如： Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics. 既然今天你休息， 你最好帮我补习数学。 　　注意： seeing (that)， now (that)， considering (that)， in that这几个词汇与since引导的原因状语从句意思相近， 都表示“既然”。例如： Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there’s no reason that we should now help him. 他既然曾经拒绝帮助我们， 我们现在没有理由要来帮助他。// Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents. 既然你长大了， 就不应该依靠你的父母了。// Considering (that) everybody is here, let’s begin our discussion. 既然大家都到了， 我们就开始讨论吧。// In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it. 因为有病， 他觉得做不了那件事。 　　3. as 引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”， 语气比since弱， 较为正式， 位置较为灵活(常放于主句之前)。例如： As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi. 既然在下雨， 你最好乘出租汽车。// As you are tired, you had better rest. 既然累了， 你最好休息一下。// I went to bed early, as I was exhausted. 我睡得早， 因为我筋疲力尽了。 　　4. for引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因， 只提供一些辅助性的补充说明， for引导的原因状语从句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。例如： He could not have seen me, for I was not there. 他不可能见过我， 因为我不在那里。 　　［1］ ____ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.  　　A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as 　　［答案］ A 　　［解析］ 主句与从句之间存在因果关系， 且“you’ve got a chance”表示一个显而易见的原因， 因此应选用表原因的now that。 　　［2］ He found it increasingly difficult to read, ____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.  　　A. and B. for C. but D. or 　　［答案］ B 　　［解析］ “his eyesight was beginning to fail”是“he found it increasingly difficult to read”的原因， 因此本题应选用可以表示原因的连词for引导原因状语从句。 　　［3］ A man cannot smile like a child, ____ a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone.  　　A. so B. but C. and D. for 　　［答案］ D ［解析］ 下划线处之后的句子补充说明“a man cannot smile like a child”的原因， 应选用for表原因。 方式状语从句的用法 　　方式状语从句在高考中常见的引导词有表示“像……”的as和表示“好像……”的as if/as though， 例如： Let’s study as Lei Feng studied. 让我们像雷锋那样学习吧。// Think as I think. 像我这样去想。// He talks as if/though he is drunk.从他谈话的样子来看他好像醉了。 　　［1］ When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.  　　A. breaks B. has broken 　　C. were broken D. had been broken 　　［答案］ C 　　［解析］ 当说话者认为句子所述的是真实情况或者是极有可能发生、 存在的情况时， as if/though引导的方式状语从句需用陈述语气形式。 但表示所叙述的情况与事实相反时as if从句中应使用虚拟语气。注意比较以下两个例句： 　　He walks as if he is drunk. 　　He walks as if he were drunk. 　　前一句表示“他已经醉了”， 后一句则表示“他没有醉”。 　　［2］ Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ____ yesterday.  　　A. was happening B. happens 　　C. has happened D. happened 　　［答案］ D 　　［解析］ as if后的谓语动词应采用一般过去时的形式与状语yesterday搭配， 表示对现在真实情况的虚拟。 结果状语从句的用法 　　结果状语从句表示结果， 通常位于主句之后。以下逐一介绍高考中常见的引导结果状语从句的词： 　　1. so that可以引导目的状语从句， 也可以引导结果状语从句。 　　例如： He worried so that he couldn’t sleep.他急得睡不着。(so that引导结果状语从句) // It was very cold, so that the river froze.天气寒冷， 河水都结冰了。(so that引导结果状语从句) // I came to the class early so that I could see the classmate beside me.我赶早来上课， 以便早点看到我旁边的同学。(so that引导目的状语从句) 　　2. 表示“如此……以致……”的“so... that...”和“such... that...”均可引导结果状语从句， 其中的such 是形容词， 修饰名词； so 是副词， 修饰形容词或副词， 具体的搭配形式是： 　　(1)“so＋adj./adv.＋that”， “so＋adj.(＋a/an)＋n.＋that”； 　　(2)“such(＋a/an)(＋adj.)＋n.＋that”。 　　例如： He speaks so fast that no one can catch him. 他说话太快， 无人听得明白。// There is so rapid an increase in population that a food shortage is caused. 人口增长如此迅速， 以致造成了粮食短缺。// Our country has so much coal that she can export large quantities. 我们国家的煤炭非常丰富， 可以大量出口。(so与表示数量的代词many， few， much， little等连用已经形成固定搭配， 这些场合下不能换用such的对应结构表示) // The shop sells so expensive goods that I want to buy nothing in it. 这家商店出售的货物价格昂贵， 以致我在里面不想购买任何东西。// He’s such a good person that we mustn’t blame him. 他是这样好的人， 我们不能怪他。// They are such fine teachers that we all hold them in great respect. 他们是非常好的老师， 我们对他们极为尊敬。// It is such nice weather that I would like to go to the beach. 天气如此之好， 我想去海滩。 　　如果结果状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同， 可用so (adj./adv.) as to取代该结果状语从句， 注意体会以下例句： The weather was bad, so as to make a good photo hard to take. 天气恶劣， 以致难以拍出来好照片。// He was so kind as to phone for a taxi for the patient. 他是如此热心， 以至于他为病人打电话叫了出租车。// How could you be so stupid as to believe him? 你怎么这么笨， 竟相信了他的话？ 　　［1］ Pop music is such an important part of society ____ it has even influence our language.  　　A. as B. that C. which D. where 　　［答案］ B 　　［解析］ 下划线处之后表示结果， 应选用与前面的such连用引导结果状语从句的that。 　　［2］ His plan was such a good one ____ we all agreed to accept it.  　　A. so B. and C. that D. as 　　［答案］ C 　　［解析］ that与前面的such呼应， 引导结果状语从句。 　　［3］ We were in ____ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.  　　A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush 　　C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush 　　［答案］ D 　　［解析］ 表示“如此匆忙”可以用“in so anxious a rush”或者“in such an anxious rush”。 　　本章补充强化训练题 　　1. It was five o’clock in the afternoon ____ they climbed up to the top of the mountain. 　　A. since B. when C. that D. until 　　2. Do think ____ reading. 　　A. while B. when C. as D. for 　　3. ____ the window, my hand was cut unexpectedly. 　　A. Cleaning B. To clean 　　C. While cleaning D. While I was cleaning 　　4. ____, one becomes more experienced. 　　A. When one grows older B. As one grows older 　　C. The older one grows D. While one will be older 　　5. I shall ring you up ____ you should forget to come. 　　A. because B. for C. in case D. in order that 　　6.Do you mind ____ how you succeed? 　　A. if I go and see B. if I go seeing 　　C. my going and see D. my go to see 　　7. — Are you sure that you’ve met him before? 　　— ____ I’m mistaken. 　　A. Unless B. If C. When D. Though 　　8. The students will go on playing football ____ or not. 　　A. whether it rains B. if it rains 　　C. whether it will rain D. no matter it rains 　　9. Francis Preston Blair, ____ born in Kentucky, lived and practiced law in Missouri. 　　A. was B. he was C. although D. as 　　10. The wounded soldier died though the hospital ____. 　　A. tried to pull him through B. managed to pull him through 　　C. went all out to pull through him D. managed to pull through him 　　11. ____, he is healthy, however. 　　A. Though older as he B. Though he is as old 　　C. Old as he is 　　D. Old as he will be 　　12. No matter ____ hard it may be, I’ll carry it out. 　　A. what B. whatever C. how D. however 　　13. — Have you found your key? 　　— Yes, it was lying ____ I often watch TV in my room. 　　A. what B. which C. how D. where 　　14. — How is it that you are late for class again? 　　— ____. 　　A. By bus and them on foot B. Because I missed the bus 　　C. It’s quite all right D. It’s far from school 　　15. ____ you have come, you must not go away so soon. 　　A. For B. Now that C. Because D. So that 　　16. I remember this story ____ it happened yesterday. 　　A. though B. if C. for D. as though 　　本章补充强化训练题参考答案 　　1.B 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.A 8.A 9.C 10.A 　　11.C 12.C 13.D 14.B 15.B 16.D